IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


C-  V,^ 


^ 


1.0 


I.I 


^1^  1^ 

■^  Uii    ||Z2 

•"   —    12.0 
flnlHB 


14.0 


It  ^ 


I^Ss 


|l.25  III  1.4 

1.6 

■ 

^ 

6"     - 

► 

Hjotografiiic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

WIBSTIR.N.Y.  USIO 

(716)  •73-4903 


// 


^  >% 


v^x^ 


r 


c/. 


fA 


^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Instituta  for  Historical  i\Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  da  microraproductions  historiquas 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  institute  has  atteo^jited  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
wliich  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checkeid  below. 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


D 


0 


D 


Couverture  endommag^e 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurte  et/ou  peliiculAe 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


n/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  gtographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
ReliA  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  Interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutAes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6tA  filmtes. 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplAmentaires: 


L'Instltut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exempiaire 
qu'll  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exempiaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  methods  normale  de  filmage  ■ 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


y 


n 
0 
0 
n 


n 


Irregular  pagination. 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagies 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurAes  et/ou  pelliculAes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachet^es  ou  plqu6es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d^tachtes 


rri    Showthrough/ 


Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  InAgaie  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materii 
Comprend  du  matMel  suppKmentaire 


I     I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I     I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Mition  disponibie 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  ref limed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  M  fllmAes  A  nouveau  de  fagon  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmA  au  taux  de  rMuction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


i 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


iaire 
B  details 
lues  du 
It  modifier 
iger  una 
a  fiimage  • 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanics 
to  the  generosity  of: 

National  Library  of  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplaire  fiimi  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de: 

Bibliothdque  nationals  du  Canada 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet6  de  l'exemplaire  film6.  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fiimage. 


1/ 
u6e8 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimde  sont  film6s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commenpant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  —^>(  meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaTtra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  —►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE".  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


lire 


IV^aps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film6s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  docum  int  ast  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  fiimi  d  partir 
de  I'angle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  ndcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


}y  errata 
ed  to 

mt 

me  pelure, 

apon  d 


1  2  3 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

AD  VERTISEMENTS. 


TICKNOR'S    PAPER    SERIES. 


l''or  the  bonschold,  there  is  nothing  in  the  line  of  tiction  than  we  can  more  heartily 
rocommend.  — ^o>t<o7j  Home  Journal. 

Of  the  popular  iibraries  for  summer  reading,  none  deserve  higher  praise.    Thoy 
are  charming  books  for  a  corner,  for  tin;  hammock,  or  the  woodland  copse.  —  Whiti- 
Mountain  Echo. 
Tlie  Story  of  IVIarsa  et  Kent.    [24th  edition.]  (1) 

"  A  mastfrplcce,  deep  and  stirring,  beautiful  and  real." 
Gnenn.    By  Blanche  VV.  Howaru.  (2) 

"  A  noble  romance  of  the  Breton  coast." 
The  Cruise  of  a  Woman-Hater.  (3) 

A  Reverend  Idol.  (4) 

A  capital  novel,  briglit  and  interesting.  —  Literai-j/  World. 
A  Nameless  Nobleman.    By  Jane  O.  Alstin.  (5) 

A  romance  of  Plymouth.    Stoddard  says;  "  A  sweeter,  more  delightful  book  we 
liavc  not  mot  in  many  a  day." 
The  Prelate.    By  Isaac  Henderson.  (6) 

Two  wonderful  figures,  types  of  Rome  and  Amerlcji,  under  the  brilliant  light  of 
an  Italian  aky.  —  Commercial  Bulletin. 

Eleanor  Maitland.    By  Claka  E.  Clement.  (7) 

The  House  of  the  Musician.    By  Virginia  W.  Johnson.  (8) 

A  rich  and  en  i-ancing  romance  of  artist  life  in  Venice. 
Cteraldine.    A  metrical  romance.  (9) 

"  The  best  work  of  the  kind  since  Holland^  '  Kathrina.'  " 
The  Duchess  Emilia.    By  Barrett  Wendell.  (10) 

The  very  atmosphere  of  Italy,  —living  pictures,  far  removed  fiom  our  American 
life.  —  Erery  Oilier  Saturday, 
Dr.  Breen's  Practice.    By  w.  1).  Howells.  (11) 

A  book  of  true  humor,  —  the  humor  that  is  allied  to  patho».  —  Ainencan. 
Tales  of  Three  Cities.    By  Henry  James.  (12) 

His  liest,  his  most  brilllnnl,  and  most  suggestive  votk.—  St.  Louxx  (Hohe- Democrat. 
The  House  at  High  Bridge.    By  E.  Fawcktt.  (13) 

We  conrnond  it  heartily  to  ail  who  enjoy  TroUope's  stories  of  English  'Ife;  and 
we  arc  delighted  to  see  an  i  mcrican  treading  in  his  footsteps.  —  Transcript. 
The  Story  of  a  Country  Town.    By  E.  W.  Howe.  (14) 

"  Through  It  appear  those  exquisite  touches  of  humor  and  pathos." 
Confessions  of  a  Frivolous  Girl.    By  B.  Grant.  dH) 

A  screaming  success'.  —  is'atitrdaj/  Review. 
Culture's  Garland.    By  Eugene  Field.  (16) 

Humorous  notes  on  art,  mui<ic,  and  society  in  Chicago. 
Patty's  Perversities.    liy  Arlo  Bates.  (17) 

It  Is  unique  and  original.  —  Providence  Presi. 
A  Modern  Instance.    By  W.  D.  Howells.  (IS) 

Since  "  Uncle  Tom's  Cabin,"  there  has  appeared  no  American  work  of  ftcllon  of 
greater  power  to  affect  public  sentiment.  —  Century  Magazine. 
Miss  Ludington's  Sister.    By  E.  Bellamy.  (19) 

A  weird  and  fascinating  romance  of  immorta'iity.- CA/co(;o  Inter-Ocean . 
Aujit  Serena.    By  Blanche  W.  Howard.  (20» 

Price  per  volume,  50  cents.    Sent,  po.tt-paid,  on  recetpt  of  price,  by 

TICKNOR  AND  COMPANY,   Boston. 


ADVER  TIS  EMKN I 'S. 


w 


CHARMING  NEW  TRAVEL-VOLUMES. 


OVER  THE   BORDER. 

By  Miss  E.  B.  Chase.     1   vol.      l2mo.     Illustrated   with  Hellotype 
Engravings  from  Original  Drawings.     SI. SO. 

A  delightful  description  of  recent  summer  travel  in  Nova  Scotin,  witli 
piquant  sketches  of  life  and  manners  in  Acadiit,  the  land  of  Evangeline, 
and  descriptions  of  the  grand  scenery  and  singular  jjcople  about  the 
Basin  of  Minas. 

A  NEW  VOLUME  OF  SKETCHES  BY  MR.  HOWELLS. 

THREE  VILLAGES. 

By  W1M.1AM  D.  H0WEU.8.  1  vol.  16nio.  Little-Classic  size.  $1.25. 
In  this  pleasant  record  of  close  and  kindly  observation,  Mr.  Ilowells 
f;ives  descriptions  and  reminiscences  of  three  pecnliarlv  interesting 
American  conmiunities  and  their  people,  making  rare  and  delightful  pen 
sketches,  as  dainty  and  delicate  as  his  "Venetian  Days  "  and  "Italian 
Journeys."  The  villages  are  Gnadonhiitten,  in  Ohio,  and  Lexington 
and  Shirley,  in  Massachusetts. 

WOODS   AND   LAKES   OF   MAINE. 

A  Trip  from  Moosehead  Lake  to  New  Brunswick  in  a  Birch-Bark 
Canoe.  By  Lucius  L.  HunBARU.  Manv  new  and  exquisite  illus- 
trations by  Will  L.  Taylor.  $3.00;  half  calf,  $5.50:  tree  calf  or 
antique  morocc  .>,  $8.00. 

"The  book  is  full  of  beautiful  bits  of  nature-paint  ng.  All  loversof  the 
finer  kinds  of  out-door  literature  will  lind  this  a  most  charming  book." 
—  Wheelman. 

"A  gentleman's  bock  in  every  sense.'" — Literary  World. 

This  book  nlso  contains  a  large  and  vnlitnfjle  topographical  map  of 
Northern  Maine,  tcith  its  lakes,  mountains,  ?'i«;e/v,  roads,  and  villarjes, 

NANTUCKET   SCRAPS; 

Or,  The  Experiences  of  an  Off-Islander,  in  Season  and  out  of  Season, 
among  a  Passing  People.  By  Mrs.  Jane  G.  Austin.  1  vol.  16nio. 
$1.50. 

A  pionant  chronicle  of  the  peculiarities  and  drolleries  of  the  inhab- 
itants ot  "  The  Purple  Island,''  the  secluded  land  of  noble  and  antique 
virtues  and  old-time  manners  and  traditions. 

•'  Pleasant  reading  by  the  winter  fire,  as  well  as  in  the  salt  summer 
breezes  of  tlie  Lsland  itself."  —  Transcript. 

"This  charming  book  comes  to  us  with  the  freshness  of  a  breeze  from 
Nantucket,  its  ozone  being  as  healthy  as  it  is  invigorating.  The  book 
fascinates  from  cover  to  cover."  —Frank  Leslie's  Illustrated  News. 


f: 


U       1 

If 


'    li 


j    ^  For  sale  by  Booksellers.    Sent,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  price,  by  the 


Publishers, 


TICKNOR    AND   COMPANY,   Boston. 


AD  VERTI8BMEN.  'S. 


Mftke  your  Sumner  Exooision  in  the  Mountains  wisely,  ectoom- 
ically,  and  happily  by  the  Aid  of 

THE  STANDARD  GDIDEDOOK. 


THE  WHITE  MOUNTAINS. 

A  Guide  to  the  Peaks,  Passes  and  Ravines  of  the  Wliite  Moun- 
tnins  of  New  Hampahire,  and  to  the  adjacent  Railroads, 
Highways,  and  Villages,  with  the  Lakes  and  Mountains  of 
Western  Maine;  also  Lake  Winnepesaukee  and  the  Upper 
Connecticut  Valley.  More  than  400  pages  of  tlioroagli  and 
practical  descriptions;  Prices  and  Locations  of  all  Hotels 
and  Boarding-houses,  and  Roates.  Six  Maps;  Six  Fine 
Panoramas  from  the  Mountain  Tops.  91.60.  Thoroughly 
Revised  in  1887,  with  Large  Additions. 

**  Inralnable  to  one  who  wishes  to  Journey  intelligently."—  CAttrcAman. 

**  With  ouch  an  aid  the  mountains  become  doubly  attractive."  —  Cincin- 
nati Times. 

"Altogether,  in  plan  and  workmanship,  this  guide-book  is  as  perfect  a 
thing  of  its  kind  as  could  well  be  produced.  It  is  simply  indispensable  to 
all  who  visit  or  sojourn  among  the  White  Mountains."  —  Congregationatist. 

"  We  have  not  only  read  these  boolu  with  delight  and  studied  them  with 
profit  in  thiacieclusion  of  the  library,  but  we  have  travelled  with  them  and 
by  them  on  the  sea  and  land.  At  every  point  they  meet  you  with  Just  the 
facts  you  wish  to  know ;  they  repeat  to  you  the  old  l^end  associated  with 
this  locality;  they  tell  you  the  story  of  the  battle  fought  there;  they  hum 
to  you  the  song,  or  murmur  the  lines  in  which  some  poet  has  enshrined 
events  by  which  a  spot  has  become  memorable.  ^  A  condensed  literature  of 
great  variety  and  richness  is  stored  up  within  their  pagra.  They  are  simply 
indispenuable  to  tourists  in  the  regions  named,  and  those  who  have  sallied 
forth  without  them  have  omitted  really  the  most  important  part  of  their 
equipment."  —  Literary  World. 

Highly  eomtnended  by  the  Idnidon  Timest  the  Revue 
Internationale  {of  Florenee),  the  BuUetin  of  the  Italian 
Alpine  Club  (of  Turin),  etc,  etc.,  ete, 

♦ 
Sent,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

TIOKNOR   AND    COMPANY,  Boston. 


?' 


NEW  ENGLAND: 


HANDBOOK  FOR  TRAVELLERS. 


A   GUIDE  TO 


THE  CHIEF  CITIES  AND  POPULAR  RESORTS  OP  NEW  ENGLAND, 

AND   TO   ITS   SCENERY   AND  HISTORIC   ATTRACTIONS: 

WITH  THE  WESTERN  AND  NORTHERN  BORDERS, 

FROM  NEW  YORK  TO  QUEBEC. 

With  Six  Maps  and  Eleven  Plans. 
ELEVENTH    EDITION,    REVISED   AND   AUGMENTED. 


Hi 


m 


BOSTON: 
TICKNOR    AND    COMPANY. 

1888. 


I 


/ 


Copyright;,  1873, 1876,  and  1884, 

BY  JAMES   B.    OSGOOD   &   Oa 

1885,  and  1887, 
By  TICKNOR  &  CO. 


University  Press:  John  Wilson  &  Son, 
Cambridge, 


PREFACE. 


The  chief  object  of  the  Handbook  for  New  England  is  to 
supply  the  place  of  a  guide  in  a  land  where  professional  guides 
cannot  be  found,  and  to  assist  the  traveller  in  gaining  the  greatest 
possible  amount  of  pleasure  and  information  while  passing 
through  the  naost  ancient  and  interesting  district  of  Anglo- 
Saxon  America.  New  England  has  hitherto  been  but  casually 
treated  in  books  which  cover  wider  sections  of  ooimtry  ;  special 
localities  within  its  borders  have  been  described  with  more  or 
less  fidelity  in  local  guide-books  ;  but  the  present  volume  is  the 
first  which  has  been  devoted  to  its  treatment  according  to  the 
n\ost  approved  principles  of  the  European  works  of  similar 
piu-pose  and  character.  The  Handbook  is  designed  to  enable 
travellers  to  visit  all  or  any  of  the  notable  places  in  New 
England,  with  economy  of  money,  time,  and  temper,  by  giving 
lists  of  the  hotels  with  their  prices,  descriptions  of  the  various 
routes  by  land  and  water,  and  maps  and  plans  of  the  principal 
cities.  The  letter-press  contains  epitomes  of  the  histories  of  the 
old  coast  and  border  towns,  statements  of  the  principal  scenic 
attractions,  descriptions  of  the  art  and  architecture  of  thi3  cities, 
biographical  sketches  in  connection  with  the  birthplaces  of 
eminent  men,  and  statistics  of  the  chief  industiies  of  the  iiiciaded 
States.  The  half-forgotten  but  worthy  and  heroic  records  ot  the 
early  colonial  era  and  the  French  and  Indian  wars  have  received 
special  attention  in  connection  with  the  localities  rendered  classic 
in  those  remote  days,  while  numerous  Indian  legends  will  be 
found  in  various  places.  The  operations  of  the  Wars  of  the 
Revolution  and  of  1812  (so  far  as  they  affected  this  section  of 
the  Republic)  have  been  carefully  studied  and  localized,  and  the 
rise  of  the  great  modem  manufacturing  cities  has  been  traced 


f 


! 


V'  ; 


IV 


PREFACE. 


J! 


and  recorded.  The  famous  summer-resorts  —  among  the  moun- 
tains and  by  the  sea  —  with  which  New  Enghind  abounds,  and 
which  are  thronged  by  visitors  from  all  parts  of  the  country, 
have  been  described  at  length  in  these  pages. 

The  plan  and  structure  of  the  book,  its  system  of  treatment 
and  forms  of  abbreviation,  have  been  derived  from  the  European 
Handbooks  of  Karl  Baedeker.  The  typography,  binding,  and 
system  of  city  plans  also  resemble  those  of  Baedeker,  and  hence 
the  grand  desiderata  of  compactness  and  portability,  which 
have  made  his  v/orks  tne  most  popular  in  Europe,  have  also  been 
attained  in  the  present  volume.  Nearly  all  the  facts  concerning 
the  routes,  hotels,  and  scenic  attractions  have  been  framed  or 
verified  from  the  Editor's  personal  experience,  after  fifteen 
months  of  almost  incessant  travelling  for  this  express  purpose. 
But  infallibility  is  impossible  in  a  work  of  this  natuie,  especially 
amid  the  rapid  changes  which  are  ever  going  on  in  America,  and 
hence  the  Editor  would  be  grateful  for  any  bond  fide  correc- 
tions or  suggestions  with  which  either  travellers  or  residents  may 
favor  him.  He  would  also  thankfully  acknowledge  his  indebted- 
ness to  the  gentlemen  who  have  revised  the  book  in  advance  of 
publication. 

The  maps  and  plans  of  cities  have  been  prepared  with  the 
greatest  care,  and  will  doubtless  prove  of  material  service  to  all 
who  may  trust  to  their  directions.  They  are  based  on  the  system 
of  lettered  and  numbered  squares,  with  figures  corresponding  to 
similar  figures  attached  to  lists  of  the  chief  public  buildings, 
hotels,  churches,  and  notable  objects..  The  most  trustworthy 
time-tables  are  found  in  "ABC  Pathfinder  Railway  Guide," 
with  map,  published  monthly  at  Boston  (price  25  c).  The  hotels 
indicated  by  asterisks  are  those  which  are  believed  by  the  Editor 
to  be  the  most  comfortable  and  elegant. 

M.  F.  SWEET3ER. 


CONTENTS. 


PAOt 

I.  Lanouaoe 1 

II.  Money  and  Travellino  Expenses 1 

III.  Railways  and  Steamboats.    The  Check  System    ....  1 

IV.  Excursions  on  Foot 3 

V.  Hotels 8 

VI.  Round-Trip  Excursions 4 

VII.  Climate  and  Dress 4 

VIII.  Miscellaneous  Notes 4 

NEW  ENGLAND. 

ioiTT: 

1.  Boston 5 

2.  Environs  of  Boston 20 

1.  Boston  Harbor.    The  Route  to  Nahant 20 

2.  Nahant 21 

8.  The  Route  to  Hull,  Hiugham,  &c 22 

4.  Hull 23 

6.  Hingham.    Charlestown 24 

6.  Chelsea.     Revere  Beacli 27 

7.  Lexington  and  Concord 28 

8.  Cambridge.    Harvard  University 29 

9.  Mount  Auburn 33 

10.  Brookline 36 

11.  Roxbury 36 

3.  Boston  to  New  York  by  Newport 86 

1,  Newport 40 

2.  The  Approach  to  New  York 47 

4.  Boston  to  S.  Duxbury 48 

5.  Boston  to  Plymouth 61 

6.  Boston  to  Cape  Cod 64 

1.  Fairhaven  Branch 64 

2.  Marshpee 66 

7.  Boston  to  Martha's  Vineyard  and  Nantucket  .        .        .        .58 

1.  Gayhead 60 

8.  Boston  to  New  York  by  Providence 62 

1.  Providence 63 

2.  Providence  to  Newport.    NaiTagansett  Bay 65 

3.  Providence  to  Warren  and  Bristol 66 


I 


VI 


CONTENTS. 


ROUTE  PAOI 

4.  NarraganHett  Plor M 

6.  Wut(ili  Hill  Pcihit 70 

0.  Htoniiij?ton  to  New  York.    Block  Island 71 

7.  New  Haven 77 

■    9.  Boston  to  Nkw  BEnronn 00 

1.  New  Bedford  to  Martha's  Vineyard.    The  FJIizabcth  Islands        .  02 

10.  Providence  to  Worcehteb 03 

11.  PUOVIDENCE  to   HaIITKOUD   AND   WaTERIUJIIY 94 

12.  New  London  to  Veumont 00 

1,  8.  Vernon  to  Keeno 102 

13.  NonwicH  TO  Nashua 104 

14.  Saybuook  to  Hahtkokd 100 

16.  New  Haven  to  NoRTiiAMProN 108 

16.  BRIDtlEPORT  TO    WlNHTKD Ill 

17.  BniDflEPORT  TO  THE  Berkhhire  IIills 114 

18.  8.   NORWALK  TO  Danbl'rv 115 

10.  Boston  to  New  York  (by  Norwich ) 117 

1.  Boston  to  Woonsocket 120 

20.  Hartford  to  Salisbury  and  Mili.erton 120 

21.  Boston  to  New  York  (by  Springfield) 124 

1.  S.  Franiinghnm  to  Lowell  and  to  Mansfield         ....  125 

2.  8.  Franiinglmm  to  Fitchburg 120 

8.  Worcester 127 

4.  Sprin-lield 131 

6.  Hartford         .                 134 

22.  Boston  to  Albany,  Saratoga,  and  the  West 141 

23.  The  Berkshire  Hills 142 

1.  Pittsfleld  and  its  Environs 144 

2.  Stockbridge 149 

3.  N.  Adams            154 

24.  New  York  to  Quebec.    The  Connecticut  Valley  towns    .        .  157 

1.  Mount  Holyoke 160 

2.  Lake  Meniphremagog 171 

25.  Boston  to  the  Hoosac  Tunnel 175 

26.  Boston  to  Burlington  (and  Montreal)     •. 170 

1.  Fitchburg  to  Peterboro' 179 

27.  Rutland  to  Bennington 184 

28.  Rutland  to  Albany 187 

1.  Rutland  and  Washington  Line 187 

20.  Boston  to  Lowell,  Concord,  and  Montreal 188 

1.  Lowell 189 

2.  Nashua  to  Wilton 192 

8.  Concord  to  Clareniont 196 

4.  St.  Albans  to  Rlchford 206 

5.  St.  Albans  to  Rouse's  Point 207 

80.  Boston  to  the  Franconia  Mountains 209 

31.  Boston  to  the  White  Mountains 213 

1.  Rochester  to  Portland 213 


CONTENTS. 


Vli 


PAfll 


70 
71 

77 
00 
92 
.  03 
04 
.  00 
102 
104 
100 
108 
111 
114 
115 
117 
120 
120 
124 
125 
120 
127 
131 
134 
,     141 
142 
.     144 
149 
.     154 
157 
.     160 
171 
.    175 
179 
.     179 
184 
.     187 
187 
.     188 
189 
.     192 
196 
.     200 
207 
.     209 
213 
.     213 


HOI'Tl  '•AilB 

32.    Lake  WlNNEPESAt'KKE  and  the  UaNDWICH   HoUNTAtNU    .          .          .  215 

1.  Centre  Harhor  to  Conway 219 

2.  Chororiia  ami  Oasiiwe 2'JO 

83.  The  White  Mohntainm  and  North  Conwav      .       .        .  .221 

1.  North  Conway 223 

2.  Nortli  Conway  to  the  Olun  Houao  and  Gorham      ....  225 

8.  GorlmiM 227 

4.  Gorhani  to  tho  Notch 229 

6.  Nortli  Conway  to  tlie  Notch 230 

6.  The  Crawford  House  to  the  Profllo  House 233 

7.  Mount  Wa8hini,'t.m 234 

31.  The  Franconia  Mountains  and  the  Pemioewahhet  Valley   .        .  238 

1.  The  Profile  House  to  Plymouth 241 

2.  Waterville  and  Canijiton 242 

yj.  The  Percy  Peaks,  Dixville  Notch,  and  Lake  Umbaqoo    .        .  243 

1.  Colebrook  to  Unibagog  and  Ilangeley 244 

2.  Connecticut  Lake 245 

30.  Boston  to  Cai'e  Ann 245 

37.  Boston  to  Portland  and  St.  John 248 

1.  Peahody,  Lowell,  and  Lawrcrce  Branches 255 

£.  Marbleheud  Branch 255 

8.  Essex  Branch 5257 

4.  Aniesbury  Branch 261 

6.  The  Isles  of  Shoals 265 

6.  Portsmouth  to  Concord 267 

7.  Portland  and  its  Environs •       .        .  270 

8.  CascoBay 274 

38.  Boston  to  Portland 275 

1.  Wakefield  to  Newbnryport 276 

2.  Lawrence  to  Lowell  or  Manchester 279 

8.  Dover  to  Lake  Winnepesaukee 283 

39.  Portland  to  the  White  Mountainb 284 

1.  Lake  Sebago •       ...  284 

40.  Portland  to  Quebec  and  Montreal 287 

1.  Mechanic  Falls  to  Canton 287 

2.  Bethel  to  Lake  Umbagog 289 

41.  Portland  to  Farminoton  and  vhe  Western  Maine  Forest       .  291 

1.  Farmington  to  che  Rangeley  Lakes          ......  292 

42.  Portland  to  the  Upper  Kennebec 293 

43.  Boston  or  Portland  to  Mooseuead  Lake  .  "    .        .       .        .295 

44.  Portland  to  Rockland .        •       .  297 

1.  Wiscasset  to  Boothbay 299 

2.  Damariscotta  to  Bristol  and  Pemaquid 299 

45.  Portland  to  Mount  Desert 802 

1.  Castine •        ,        .        .        .  302 

2.  Bar  Harbor 804 

8.  Southwest  Harbor 806 

4.  Mount  Desert  to  Machlasport 807 


51? 


ft  < 


Vlll 


CONTENTS. 


W  < 


ii 


route  pagb 

46.  Portland  to  Lewiston  and  Bangor        .       .              ...  307 

47.  Por.TLAND  to  Augusta  and  Bangor 309 

48.  Boston  to  Bangor.    The  Penobscot  River 316 

49.  Bangor  to  St.  John 318 

1.  Fredericton,  N,  B 319 

2.  St.  John  River 320 

60.  The  New  Brungwick  Border,  Eastport  to  MADAWitSKA     .       .  321 

THE  WESTERN  AND  NORTHERN  BORDERS  ov  .     ENGLAND. 

61.  New  York  City .               .        .  325 

1.  Central  Park .        .  336 

2.  Brooklyn .        .        .  33P 

62.  New  York  to  Albany.    The  Hudson  Rivef                  .       .       .  340 

1.  The  Highlands ....  343 

2.  The  Catskill  Mountains         ........  347 

8.  Albany 348 

63.  Alban-y  to  Montreal 350 

1.  Saratoga 350 

2.  Fort  Edward  <o  Whitehall  or  Caldwell 355 

3.  Lake  George 357 

4.  Lako  Champlain 381 

64.  Montreal  and  its  Environs 368 

1.  Lachine  Rapids 372 

2.  Victoria  Bridge 373 

65.  Montreal  to  Quebec.    The  St.  Lawrence  River        .       .       .  373 

66.  Quebec 375 

1.  Ste.  Anne  and  Chateau  Richer 384 

2.  The  Saguenay  River 886 

MAPS. 

1.  General  Map  of  New  England  :  in  pocket. 

2.  Map  of  the  Environs  of  Boston  :  in  pocket. 

3.  Map  of  Nahant. 

4.  Map  of  Lake  Winnepesaukee. 

5.  Map  of  the  White  and  Franconia  Mountains. 

6.  Map  of  the  Hudson  River. 

PLANS  OP  CITIES,  &c. 

h    <o'i,  Hartford,  Montreal,  New  Haven,   New  York,    NeTtport,    Portland, 
i'lovidence,  Quebec,  Central  Park,  Mount  Auburn  Cemetery. 

ABBREVIATIONS. 

M.  =  mile ;  hr.  =  hour ;  min.  —  minute  ;  ft.  =  foot  or  feet ;  r.  —  right ;  L  =  left  ; 
N.  =  north ;  S.  =  south ;  E.  =  east ;  W.  =  west. 

ASTERISKS 
denote  objects  desei-ving  of  special  attention. 


PAOB 

307 
,  809 

316 
.  318 

319 
.  320 

321 


fGLAND. 


325 
336 
33P 
340 
343 
347 
348 
350 
350 
355 
357 
381 
368 
372 
373 
373 
375 
384 
S85 


;,   Portland, 


it;  L=left; 


NEW  ENGLAND. 


"  Nobia  etemum  reliquerunt  monumentum, 
Novanglorum  nioenia." 

• '  ^^ova  Anglia  " :  a  Latin  poem  by  Morrell,  1625. 

Ne\,  England  is  the  northeastern  portion  of  the  United  States,  and 
comprist  s  the  States  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Massach'isetts, 
Connecticut,  and  Rhode  Island.  It  is  boimded  on  the  S.  by  the  Atlantic 
Ocean  and  Long  Island  Sound,  on  the  W.  by  the  State  of  New  York,  on  the 
N.  by  the  Province  of  Quebec,  and  on  the  E.  by  the  province  of  New  Bruns- 
wick "nd  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  It  lies  between  the  latitudes  41°  and  48° 
N.  ana  ru  longitudes  67°  and  74°  W.  from  Greenwich,  and  has  an  area 
of  65,000  square  M.,  with  a  population  of  4,010,529  (census  of  1880). 
The  principal  religious  sect  is  the  Congregational,  which  has  190,473 
members ;  the  Episcopal  Church  has  38,098 ;  and  the  Methodists  have 
70,000.  The  Catholics  and  the  Baptists  (114,000)  are  also  strong  in 
numbers,  while  Unitarianism  has  here  its  chief  power.  A  high  standard 
of  education  prevails  among  the  people,  and  is  supported  by  an  extensive 
school-system  and  several  renowned  colleges.  The  New-Englanders  have 
alvvays  been  distinguished  for  a  marked  indivic'nality  of  thought,  by 
reason  of  which  the  most  advanced  and  radical  schools  of  philosophy, 
politics,  and  religion  have  arisen  or  have  been  developed  here.  Th& 
nature  of  the  climate  and  of  the  soil  has  rendered  agriculture  less 
profitable  than  at  the  West,  and  the  strength  of  the  section  has  been 
found  in  the  establishmeT\t  and  maintenance  of  vast  manufacturing  indus- 
tries. The  coast  extends  in  a  direct  line  for  over  700  M.,  with  many 
spacious  harbors ;  and  the  maritime  cities  are  celebrated  for  the:'"  skilful 
seamen  and  for  their  large  fleets  of  merchant-ships.  This  district  was 
granted  by  James  I.  to  the  Plymouth  Company  (in  1606)  under  the  name 
of  North  Virginia;  but  Capt.  John  Smith,  having  surveyed  and  mapped 
the  coast  in  1614,  gave  it  the  name  of  New  England. 

Maine 

is  bounded  on  the  S.  by  the  Atlantic,  on  the  W.  by  N.  H.,  on  the  N.  by 
Canada,  and  on  the  E.  by  New  Brunswick,  It  is  the  most  northeastern  of 
the  United  States,  and  the  largest  of  the  States  of  New  England.  It  haa 
an  area  of  31,766  square  M,,  with  a  populationipf  648,936,  and  a  valuation 
of  $  235,978,216.     It  is  divided  into  16  counties,  and  has  15  small  cities, 


t  I 


;    I 


X  MAINE. 

the  chief  of  which  is  Portland,  while  the  capital  is  Augusta,  at  the  head 
of  ship-navigation  on  the  Kennebec  River.  The  coast  of  "  hundred-har- 
bored Maine"  is  remarkably  picturesque,  with  deep  fiords  running  up 
between  bold  peninsulas,  and  with  archipelagos  of  beautiful  islands  resting 
in  quiet  and  extensive  bays.  The  direct  line  of  the  coast  from  Kittery 
Point  to  Quoddy  Head  is  278  M.,  but  the  deep  ciirves  of  the  bays  and 
estuaries  give  an  actual  shore-line  of  nearly  2,500  M,  Mt.  Desert  (60,000 
acres)  is  the  largest  of  the  many  islands  which  front  the  ocean,  and  Mon- 
hcgan  is  the  most  distant  from  the  mainland.  The  great  rivers  Penob- 
scot, Kennebec,  and  St.  Croix  empty  into  the  sea  on  this  coast,  and 
furnish  wide  and  convenient  harbors.  Nearly  |  of  the  area  of  Maine  is 
still  covered  with  primeval  forests,  and  the  lumber-trade  is  the  chief 
industry  of  the  State.  The  trees  are  felled  and  hauled  to  the  water- 
courses during  the  winter,  and  in  the  spring  they  are  united  in  vast  rafts 
and  floated  down  to  the  river  cities.  In  the  S.  and  E.  of  the  great  forest 
is  a  broken  range  of  mountains,  the  loftiest  of  which  is  Mt.  Katahdin 
(5,385  ft.  high).  One  tenth  of  Maine  is  covered  with  water.  Maine  has 
4,500  factories,  53,000  operatives,  and  an  annual  product  of  $80,000,000  in 
manufactured  goods.    The  State  has  65,000  farms. 

The  Maine  coast  was  first  visited  by  Gosnold  in  1602,  and  in  1607  the 
short-lived  Sagadahoc  colony  settled  at  the  mouth  of  the  Kennebec 
River.  The  French  colonies  at  the  St.  Croix  River  and  Mt.  Desert  were 
but  ephemeral,  and  several  other  attempts  proved  equally  unsuccessful, 
partly  owing  to  the  hostility  between  the  claimants  of  the  territory  (the 
French  and  English),  and  the  distrust  of  the  Indians  for  both  of  them. 
The  island  of  Monhegan  was  settled  in  1622,  and  Saco  was  founded  in 
1623.  When  the  Plymouth  Company  broke  up,  in  1635,  Sir  Ferdinando 
Gorges  received  by  royal  charter  the  province  of  Maine  (then  first  so 
cal.ed).  In  1642  his  son  founded  the  city  of  Gorgeana  (York),  but  in 
1651  Mass.  absorbed  Maine,  being  sustained  by  the  exigencies  of  the 
times  and  by  the  Puritan  Parliament  of  England.  After  some  resistance 
on  the  part  of  the  Maine  proprietors,  Mass.  bought  out  their  interest,  and 
thenceforward  ruled  the  northern  province  for  nearly  170  years  with  a 
firm  and  beneficial  sway.  From  1675  im til  1760  a  disastrous  succession 
of  Indiim  wars  ensued,  in  which  every  twentieth  settler  was  killed  or 
captured  and  many  towns  were  destroyed.  The  bombardment  of  Port- 
land (1775)  and  the  naval  battle  at  Castine  (1779)  were  the  chief  events 
during  the  Revolution,  but  tlie  coast  was  badly  harried  during  the  War 
of  1812.  lu  1820  Maine  was  admitted  into  the  Union  as  the  twenty- 
third  State. 

New  Hampshire 

is  bounded  on  the  S.  by  Mass.,  on  the  W.  by  Vt.,  on  the  N.  by  the 
province  of  Quebec,  and  on  the  £.  by  Maine  and  the  Atlantic.    It  has  an 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  — VERMONT. 


xi 


area  of  9,280  square  M.,  with  a  population  of  346,991,  and  a  valuation  of 
§  104,755,181.  It  is  divided  into  10  counties,  with  234  towns  and  6  cities, 
and  the  capital  is  Concord,  on  the  Merrimac  River,  There  is  an  ocean- 
front  of  T8  M.,  which  is  bordered  by  level  plains  stretching  inland,  whilo 
just  off  the  coast  are  the  remarkable  Isles  of  Shoals,  formerly  famed  for 
their  fisheries  and  now  a  favorite  summer-resort.  Beyond  the  sea-shoro 
plains  the  country  assumes  a  more  rugged  and  broken  appearance,  with 
numerous  isolated  summits  and  hill-ranges  which  culminate  in  the  White 
Mts.,  covering  over  40  square  M.  of  a  picturesque  district  which  is  called 
"tlie  Switzerland  of  America."  The  lakes  of  N,  H.  cover  110,000  acres, 
and  the  most  beautiful  of  their  number  is  Winnepesaukee,  which  has  69 
square  M.  of  extent,  and  contains  300  islands.  The  soil  of  the  State  is 
not  fertile,  but  it  has  much  mineral  wealth  ;  and  the  climate,  though 
severe,  is  very  healthful.  There  are  extensive  primeval  forests  in  the  N. 
(Coiis  County),  in  whose  recesses  wolves  and  bears  still  are  found  ;  and  the 
remote  lakes  and  streams  afford  fine  fishing.  The  Connecticut,  Saco,  and 
Merrimac  Rivers  have  their  sources  in  N.  H. ,  and  on  the  water-power 
afforded  by  the  latter  large  manufacturing  cities  are  located.  The  State  has 
more  than  3,200  factories,  with  48,000  oi>feratives,  using  $44,000,000  worth 
of  material,  and  turning  out  $  74,000,000  wortli  of  goods.  Tlie  manufactures 
of  cotton  and  woollen  goods,  iron  and  leather,  are  the  chief  mechanical 
industries,  and  centre  at  the  cities  of  Manchester  and  Nashua.  The  press 
of  tlic  State  consists  of  10  daily  papers,  66  weeklies,  and  7  monthlies. 

The  N.  H.  coast  was  first  visited  by  the  Europeans  in  1614,  and  settle- 
ments were  founded  at  Dover  and  Portsmouth  about  1623.  The  district 
was  for  many  years  under  the  government  of  Mass.,  and  was  afterwards 
ceded  to  N.  Y.,  while  the  incessant  inroads  of  the  Indians  devastated  the 
frontiers  for  nearly  80  years.  The  chief  incidents  of  these  wars  were  the 
destruction  of  Dover  (1689),  and  the  battle  of  Pequawket.  In  1741  N.  H. 
became  a  royal  province,  and  in  1776  it  led  the  secession  from  the  British 
Empire,  giving  freely  of  its  men  and  money  to  the  catise  of  independence, 

Vermont 

is  bounded  on  tlie  S.  by  Mass.,  on  the  W.  by  N.  Y.  and  Lake  Champlain, 
on  the  N.  by  Canada,  and  on  the  E.  by  N.  H.  It  has  an  area  of  9,056  M., 
with  a  population  of  332,286,  and  a  valuation  of  S  86,806,775.  It  is 
divided  into  14  counties,  and  has  but  3  small  cities,  the  great  majority  of 
the  people  being  engaged  in  farming.  The  centre  of  the  State  is  trav- 
ersed from  N.  to  S.  by  the  Green  Mts. ,  wliose  smooth  and  rounded  sum- 
mits form  a  marked  contrast  with  the  sharp  peaks  of  the  White  Mta 
Tlie  chief  of  the  Green  Mts.  are  Mt.  Mansfield  (4,359  ft.),  Camel's  Hump 
(4,188  ft.),  Killington  and  Pico  Peaks,  and  Mt.  Ascutney.  The  E.  slope 
is  watered  by  several  streams  which  flow  into  the  Connecticut  River, 


!   *1 


xu 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


while  the  W.  slope  sinks  into  the  broad  and  fertile  plains  which  border 
Lake  Charaplain  and  are  traversed  by  Otter  Creek  and  the  Winooski, 
Lamoille,  and  Missisquoi  Rivers.  The  Lakes  Memphremagog,  Willoughby, 
Dunniore,  Bomaseen,  and  St.  Catharine  are  pleasant  summer-resorts,  and 
the  great  Lake  Champlain  affords  an  avenue  for  an  extensive  international 
commerce,  whose  chief  centre  is  the  port  of  Burlington.  The  evergreen 
forests  on  the  mountains  alternate  with  broad  pasture-plains,  and  the 
deciduous  groves  on  the  lowlands  are  interspersed  with  tillage-fields  of  rich 
loamy  soil,  so  that  Vt.  has  become  the  most  agricultural  of  the  Northern 
States,  and  exceeds  all  others  (proportionally  to  her  population)  in  the 
production  of  wool,  live  stock,  maple  sugar,  butter  and  cheese,  hay,  hops, 
and  potatoes.  There  are  made  here  annually  13,000  tons  of  butter,  750 
tons  of  cheese,  and  4,500  tons  of  maple-sugar.  Extensive  quarries  of  fine 
statuary  and  variegated  marble  and  serpentine  have  been  opened  in  the  S. 
cou.ities,  and  vast  quantities  of  slate  have  been  exported  from  the  same 
region.    There  are  36,000  farms,  valued  at  $  110,000,000. 

The  first  European  who  saw  Vt,  was  Jacques  Cartier,  who,  in  1535, 
looked  upon  its  high  ridges  from  Mount  Royal  (Montreal).  Its  coast  was 
explored  by  Champlain  and  others  in  1609,  and  prosperous  French  settle- 
ments were  made  (in  Addison)  later  in  the  17th  century.  In  1724  Mass. 
built  Fort  Dummer  (near  the  present  town  of  Brattleboro) ;  but  the  num- 
bers and  ferocity  of  the  Indians  prevented  colonization  until  after  the 
conquest  of  Canada  (1760).  The  territory  was  then  partly  occupied  under 
grants  from  N.  H,,  until  it  was  ceded  to  N.  Y. ;  and  thereafter  ensued  a 
controversy  in  which  the  settlers  successfully  resisted  the  authorities  of 
N.  Y.  until  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolution,  when  they  proclaimed  Ve.  - 
mont  ( Verts  Monts,  or  Green  Mts, )  an  independent  State.  Congress  twice 
refused  to  acknowledge  the  new  State,  although  its  soldiers  ('•  the  Green 
Mountain  Boys  ")  captured  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  annihilated 
the  flower  of  Burgoyne's  German  auxiliaries  at  the  battle  of  Bennington. 
In  1791,  after  paying  New  York  $30,000  in  liquidation  of  all  claims,  Vt. 
was  admitted  into  the  Union  (the  14th  State),  and  since  that  time  ha« 
prospered  and  steadily  increased  in  wealth  and  population. 

Massaohusetts 

is  bounded  on  the  S.  by  Conn,  and  R.  I.,  on  the  W.  by  N.  Y.,  on  the  N. 
by  Vt.  and  N.  H.,  and  on  the  E.  by  the  Atlantic.  It  has  an  area  of  7,800 
square  M.,  with  1,783,085  inhabitants,  and  a  valuation  of  $  1,584,756,802. 
The  soil  is  not  fertile,  but  considerable  crops  are  gained  by  careful 
cultivation  ;  and  the  best  land  is  found  in  the  valleys  of  the  Connecticut 
and  Housatoiiic  Rivers.  There  is  but  littl"  level  land  in  the  State,  and  in 
the  W.  counties  the  Taconic  and  Hoosac  Ranges  of  mountains  aiford  great 
diversity  of  scenery.     The  Connecticut  River  flows  through  a  garden-like 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


XIU 


'..  on  the  N. 


valley,  with  several  prosperous  towns  ;  and  the  Merrimac  (in  the  N.  E.) 
affords  a  vast  water-power  to  LoAvell  anil  Lawrence,  and  passes  into  the 
sea  at  Newburyport.  The  climate  is  severe  in  the  hill-countries,  and  is 
very  variable  on  the  coast,  —  the  mean  temperature  being  belweeu  44^ 
and  51°.  There  are  38,500  farms,  whose  annual  products  amount  to  over 
S  24,000,000,  and  the  State  has  2,250,000  apple-trees.  Profitable  beds  of 
iron  ore  and  glass  sand  have  been  developed,  and  the  exportation  of  mar- 
ble (from  Berkshire  County)  and  granite  (from  Quincy  and  C^ape  Ann) 
ha3  become  a  lucrative  business.  The  State  has  been  celebrated  for  the 
number  and  excellence  of  its  ships,  and  for  the  skill  and  enterprise  of  its 
seamen.  Granite,  ice,  and  fish  are  among  the  chief  articles  of  export; 
the  latter  being  brought  in  by  the  large  fishing-fleets  of  Cape  Cod  and 
Gloucester.  Massachusetts  has  14,352  manufactories,  paying  annually 
S  128,000,000  to  352,000  operatives,  using  ^  387,000,000  worth  of  materials, 
and  making  $631,000,000  worth  of  goods  (boots,  shoes,  and  leather, 
$144,000,000;  cottons,  $75,000,000;  woollens  and  worsteds,  $  58,000,000 
paper,  $  15,000,000).  In  1880,  the  net  State,  county,  city,  and  town  debts 
reached  over  $  90,000,000. 

The  prevailing  religious  sect  is  the  Congregational,  the  Baptist,  Meth- 
odist, and  Unitarian  churches  being  also  strong,  Aviiile  the  Roman  Catholics 
arc  rapidly  attaining  great  power  and  influence.  The  educational  insti- 
tutions of  the  State  are  admirably  arranged  and  have  a  high  reputation, 
their  eflSciency  being  assured  by  the  maintenance  of  four  normal  schools, 
five  colleges,  and  Harvard  University.  The  militia  is  kept  in  a  state  of 
high  efficiency  and  discipline,  and  composes  two  brigades,  with  infantry, 
cavalry,  and  artillery,  which  go  into  camp  every  year  for  several  days,  at 
the  State  camp-trrouud  and  fort,  at  Framinghara. 

The  coast  of  Mass.  was  first  visited  by  the  Norwegian  mariners  Leif  and 
Thorwald,  about  the  year  1000.  After  several  attempts  at  colonization, 
which  were  frustrated  by  the  powerful  native  tribes,  the  Norsemen  aban- 
doned the  country  (which,  from  its  fruitfulness,  they  had  named  Vinland). 
In  1497  John  and  Sebastian  Cabot  cruised  along  the  coast,  and  were  fol- 
lowed by  Cortereal,  Verrazzani,  and  Gomez.  In  1602  Gosnold  explored 
the  S.  E.  islands,  and  planted  an  ephemeral  colony  on  Cuttyhunk,  near 
New  Bedford.  Pring,  Champlain,  and  Weymouth  soon  after  passed  along 
the  coast,  while  Capt.  John  Smith,  following  them  in  1614,  made  a  map 
of  the  coast  and  islands.  Dec.  21,  1620,  the  ship  "Mayflower"  arrived 
at  Plymouth  with  102  Pilgrims,  who  had  been  driven  from  England  by 
religious  persecution,  and  who  founded  here  the  first  permanent  colony  in 
Mass.  Salem  was  settled  in  1628,  and  Boston  in  1630,  by  Puritan  exiles, 
and  the  Atlantic  coast  and  the  Connecticut  valley  were  soon  dotted  with 
villages  of  bold  and  hardy  immigrants. 


;'r~~7rBrff«Mn 


XIV 


CONNECTICUT. 


The  Pequot  War  (1637)  and  King  Philip's  War  (1675-6)  caused  a  fear- 
ful loss  of  life  and  property,  and  several  of  the  valley  towns  were  utterly 
destroyed  before  the  colonial  forces  could  crush  the  insui-gent  tribes.  In 
1689  tlie  province  revolted  against  the  royal  authorities,  and  the  country- 
people  took  Boston  and  its  fortifications  and  guard-frigate,  and  imprisoned 
the  governor  (Sir  Edmund  Andros).  In  1692  Plymouth  was  united  'to 
Massachusetts,  and  thereafter,  until  the  conquest  of  Canada  in  1760,  the 
province  was  foremost  in  the  wars  with  the  French  colonies  in  the  N. 
Many  of  her  towns  were  destroyed  by  Indian  raids,  and  the  W.  frontier 
was  nearly  depopulated;  but  the  general  prosperity  was  unchecked,  and 
when  the  British  Parliament  commenced  its  unjust  oppressions,  the  prov- 
ince had  250,000  inhabitants,  many  of  whom  were  trained  veterans  of  the 
Canadian  Wars.  In  face  of  the  royal  army  which  had  been  moved  into 
Boston,  the  men  of  Massachusetts  opened  correspondences  which  brought 
about  a  colonial  union  for  mutual  defence,  and  enrolled  themselves  as 
minute-men,  ready  to  march  against  the  British  troops  at  a  minute's 
notice.  The  battles  of  Concord  and  Lexington  v/ere  followed  by  a  general 
appeal  to  arms ;  and  the  siege  of  Boston,  the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  and 
the  American  occupation  of  the  city  came  in  rapid  succession.  After 
these  events  the  scene  of  war  was  transferred  to  New  York  and  the  South, 
where  the  Massachusetts  regiments  won  liigh  honor,  especially  in  the 
victorious  campaign  against  Burgoyne's  invading  army.  In  1780  the  Stat^ 
Constitution  -yas  framed,  and  in  1786  a  serious  revolt  occurred  in  the  \^. 
counties,  caused  by  the  pressure  of  enormous  taxes.  This  rising  (which 
was  headed  by  Daniel  Shays)  was  i)ut  down  after  a  few  skirmishes.  In 
the  War  of  1812  the  State  theoretically  confined  her  exertions  to  the  de- 
fence of  her  own  coast,  though  thousands  of  her  seamen  entered  the 
national  navy.  Extensive  manufacturing  interests  now  rose  rapidly  into 
view,  and  a  network  of  railroads  was  stretclied  across  the  State.  During 
the  War  for  the  Union  (1861  -  5)  Massachusetts  put  forth  her  utmost 
strength,  and  gave  158,380  men  to  the  armies  of  the  Republic,  besides 
incurring  a  war-debt  of  over  $  50,000,000.  ' 

Connectiont 

is  bounded  on  the  S.  by  Long  Island  Sound,  on  the  W.  by  New  York,  on 
the  N.  by  Mass.,  and  on  the  E.  by  R.  1.  It  has  an  area  of  4,730  square 
M.,  with  022,700  inhabitants,  and  a  valuation  of  $327,177,385.  There  are 
8  counties,  IGO  towns,  and  7  cities.  The  soil  is  usually  rugged  and  com- 
paratively unproductive,  althougl  Le  river -valleys  afford  some  rich  lands, 
and  considerable  crops  are  raised  by  laborious  cultivation.  The  tobacco- 
crop  is  in  the  vicinity  of  15,000,000  pounds  a  year;  the  butter  product 
is  8,200,000  pounds;  and  the  hay-crop  is  557,860  tons.  "  The  manufac- 
tures of  the  State  are  more  general,  multifarious,  and  productive  tlian 


CONNECTICUT. 


XV 


aused  a  fear- 
were  utterly 
it  tribes.     In 
the  country- 
id  imprisoned 
as  united 'to 
I  in  1760,  the 
es  in  the  N. 
le  W.  frontier 
I  checked,  and 
jns,  the  prov- 
'terans  of  the 
1  moved  into 
vhich  brought 
themselves  as 
it  a  minute's 
d  by  a  general 
iker  Hill,  and 
jssion.     After 
,nd  the  South, 
jcially  in  the 
1780  the  Statfl 
•ed  in  the  X^T. 
rising  (which 
irmishes.     In 
)n3  to  the  de- 
a  entered  the 
B  rapidly  into 
tate.    During 
h.  her  utmost 
ublic,  besides 


'few  York,  on 
4,730  square 
$5.  There  are 
;ed  and  com- 
me  rich  lands, 
The  tobaccc- 
lutter  product 
The  manufac- 
oductive  tlian 


those  of  any  other  people  of  similar  means,"  —  clocks  and  carriages,  fire- 
arms, tin  and  brittania  ware,  sewing-machines,  iron  and  rubber  goods 
being  the  chief  articles  of  production.  There  are  60  savings-banks,  with 
deposits  amount'  •  to  .$  55,297,705,  and  many  wealthy  and  powerful 
insurance  compai.  New  Haven  has  a  lucrative  West  India  trade, 

wliile  New  Loudon  has  a  considerable  number  of  vessels  engaged  in  sealing 
and  whaling.  Connecticut  has  4,500  manufactories,  paying  annually 
$43,500,000  to  112,000  operatives;  and  from  $102,000,000  worth  of 
material,  making  $  186,000,000  of  goods. 

The  chief  religious  sect  is  the  Congregational,  and  the  Episcopal  Church 
has  more  strength  here  than  in  any  other  State  (proportionally  to  the 
population).  There  are  three  colleges,  Yale  (Cong.),  Trinity  (Epis. ),  and 
Wi'sleyan  (Meth.),  with  4  schools  of  theology.  The  educational  interests 
of  the  State  arc  well  and  efficiently  carried  on,  under  the  support  of  the 
great  funds  derived  from  tiie  sale  of  the  Western  Reserve  lands.  The 
cliaritable  ani  corr^dctional  institutions  of  the  State  are  remarkable  for 
their  influence  and  efficiency.  The  ingenuity,  enterprise,  and  individuality 
of  the  men  of  Conn,  have  given  them  an  advanced  place  in  the  mercantile 
and  political  activities  of  the  Republic;  and  "probably  no  country  of 
similar  extent  has  sent  abroad  so  vast  a  horde  of  emigrants  in  proportion 
to  its  population." 

The  coast  and  rivers  of  Conn,  were  first  explored  by  Adrian  Block 
and  other  Dutch  mariners  (1614-33);  the  district  was  in  the  English 
Plymouth  Patent  of  1620,  and  was  chartered  in  1631.  About  that  time 
the  river  Indians  were  subjugated  by  the  Pequots,  and  Seguin,  their  chief, 
sent  to  New  York,  Plymouth,  and  Boston  for  help.  In  1633  a  small 
Dutch  colony  landed  at  Hartford;  and  in  the  same  year  a  Plymouth  vessel 
passed  up  to  Windsor,  where  a  settlement  was  planted.  These  were 
merely  trading-posts,  but  Wethersfield  was  occupied  in  1634,  and  in  1636 
three  nomadic  churches  were  led  by  their  pastors  through  the  wilderness 
from  Boston  to  the  Conn.  River,  where  they  settled  at  Hartford,  Windsor, 
and  Wethersfield.  Saybrook  was  founded  and  fortified  in  1635,  and  in 
1637  the  first  legislature  declared  war  against  the  Pequot  Indians,  who 
were  defeated  and  speedily  crushed  by  the  colonial  train-bands,  aided  oy 
tlie  friendly  tribes.  In  April,  1638,  New  Haven  w.  s  settled,  and  soon 
after  the  other  coast-to^vns  were  founded.  In  1639  a  remarkable  consti- 
tution (which  acknowledged  no  higher  human  power  than  the  people  of 
Conn.)  was  adopted,  and  in  1662  a  royal  charter  was  obtained.  After  the 
union  of  the  independent  colonies  of  Conn.  (Hartford)  and  New  Haven,  in 
1665,  the  two  towns  were  made  send-capitals  of  the  province  (and  State), 
and  so  remained  until  1873,  when  Hartford  was  made  the  sole  capital. 
Tlie  State  stood  honorably  among  the  foremost  diiring  the  Revolution, 
although  the  towns  along  the  coast  were  pillaged  and  destroyed  by  raids 
from  the  Hessian  and  Tory  garrison  at  New  York. 


>     ^  I 


1  ■' 


ii 


yti 


XVI 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


i 


Bhode  Island 

is  bounded  on  the  S.  by  the  Atlantic,  on  the  W.  by  Conn.,  and  on  the  N. 
and  E.  by  Mass.  It  is  the  smallest  State  in  the  Union,  and  has  an  area 
of  1,046  square  M.,  with  304,284  inhabitants,  and  a  valuation  of  $  252,530,- 
673.  There  are  5  counties,  with  32  towns,  and  2  cities.  The  soil  is  un- 
productive, and  but  little  fanning  is  done  save  on  the  fertile  plains  of  the 
Island  of  Aquidneck.  The  State  is  nearly  cut  in  two  by  Narrngansett 
Bay,  which  runs  inland  for  30  M.  (with  a  width  of  3  -12  M.),  and  contains 
several  islands,  the  chief  of  which  is  Aquidneck  (or  Rhode  Island)  on 
whose  S.  end  is  the  famous  summer-resort,  Newport.  11  M.  S.  E.  of 
Point  Judith  is  Block  Island,  which  pertains  to  this  State.  Tlie  climate 
is  mild  and  equable,  from  its  vicinity  to  the  sea  and  exposure  to  the  S. ; 
and  the  greater  part  of  the  State  is  a  region  of  low  hills  or  sea-shore  plains. 
Tlie  principal  mechanical  industries  are  at  Trovidence,  Pawtucket,  Woon- 
socket,  and  Westerly;  and  in  the  year  1880  the  State  reported  2,205  man- 
ufacturing establishments,  with  an  aggregate  capital  of  $  76,000,000,  us- 
ing annually  $58,000,000  worth  of  raw  material,  and  producing  over 
$  104,000,000  worth  of  goods.  The  33  Savings-banks  of  the  State  hold  in 
deposit  $36,289,703.  The  charitable  and  correctional  institutions  are 
mostly  about  Providence,  where  is  also  the  seat  of  BroM'n  University,  a 
flourishing  school  under  the  care  oi  the  Baptist  Church,  which  is  the 
prevailing  sect  in  the  State. 

Rhode  Island  was  probably  colonized  by  the  Norsemen  in  the  10th  and 
11th  centuries,  but  was  afterwards  abandoned  for  centuries,  until  the 
coming  of  Verrazzani  in  1524.  He  remained  at  Aquidneck  (which  was  then 
thickly  populated  by  Indians)  for  two  weeks.  In  1636  Roger  Williams, 
having  been  banished  from  Mass.,  came  down  the  Seekonk  River  with  6 
companions,  and  founded  a  settlement  which  he  named  Providence,  in 
acknowledgment  of  "  God's  merciful  providence  to  him  in  his  distress." 
In  1638  Wm.  Coddington  and  another  party  of  exiles  founded  Newport ; 
in  1642  a  third  banished  company  settled  at  Warwick ;  and  in  1643  and 
1663  these  colonies  united  under  a  royal  chttrter.  The  powerful  Narra- 
gansett  Indians  dwelt  in  Rhode  Island,  and  when  King  Philip's  War 
broke  out  they  ravaged  all  the  outlying  settlements  and  killed  many  of 
the  colonists.  The  New  England  colonies,  ignoring  the  existence  of  heret- 
ical Rhode  Island,  and  rejecting  its  advice,  marched  an  army  across  to 
the  Nairagansett  country,  and,  after  a  terrific  assault,  stormed  the  Indian 
stronghold  and  crushed  the  tribe.  The  little  province  gave  freely  of  her 
men  and  money  in  the  French  wai's,  and  sent  some  of  the  best  troops  to 
the  American  siege  of  Boston.  In  Dec,  1776,  Newporl;  was  taken  by  the 
British,  who  held  it  for  3  years,  but  were  prevented  by  the  New  England 
militia  from  passing  farther  into  the  country.  In  1861  the  men  of  Rhode 
Island  were  among  the  first  to  reach  the  imperilled  national  capital. 


INTRODUCTIOIf. 


I.  Langnage. 

Tur;  people  of  New  England  claim  that  they  speak  the  English  lar 
iiage  more  correctly  than  it  is  spoken  elsewhere  in  the  world.  Be  this 
s  it  may,  it  is  certain  that  this  one  language  is  universally  used  through- 
ut  tlio  six  States,  and  the  traveller  is  delivered  from  the  trouble  caused 
a  Gieat  Britain  by  its  four  languages  and  numerous  dialects,  or  in  France 
y  its  tliree  languages  and  provincial  patois.  The  European  tongues  are 
auglit  in  the  high-schools  all  over  the  c«?uiitry,  but  the  instruction  is 
iirely  theoretical,  and  the  number  ft'ho  can  talk  French,  German,  or  Ital- 
jii  is  very  small.  Tourists,  who  wish  to  travel  among  the  remoter  dis- 
ricts  of  New  England,  should  bo  well  acquainted  with  the  language, 
fhidi  is  "  the  English  of  Elizabeth  "  with  a  few  local  idioms. 

II.    Money  and  Travelling  Expenses. 

The  notes  of  the  U.  S.  Treasury  and  the  national  banks  are  the  usual 
onus  of  money  in  circulation,  although  gold  coin  is  sometimes  seen. 
'he  silver  coins,  valued  at  10,  25,  and  50  cents,  are  common  ;  and  «o  are 
he  nickel  and  mixed  coins,  of  1,  2,  3,  and  5  cents.  The  expense  of  trav- 
lling  in  the  Eastern  States  has  been  very  materially  reduced  during  the 
ist  six  years,  in  keeping  with  the  general  contraction  of  values  and  the 
ailing;  of  war-prices. 

It  is  more  expensive  to  travel  in  New  England  than  in  any  part  of 
S'estern  Europe.  The  usual  charge  per  day  at  the  best  hotels  is  $  4  to 
1  i.oO,  with  considerable  reductions  when  a  prolonged  stay  is  made  at  one 
Jace,  Tourists  who  travel  slowly  through  the  country  and  stop  at  the 
iss  pretentious  hotels  (which  are  usually  comfortable,  and  always  safe) 
jay  easily  limit  their  expenses  to  $  25  or  $  30  per  week.  Those  who  fre- 
ueiit  hotels  of  the  highest  class,  and  indulge  much  in  carriage-riding, 
fill  tind  $  45  to  $  50  per  week  none  t«>o  much.  At  most  of  the  sea-beaches 
oaid  can  be  secured  at  $  10  or  $15  per  week  ;  while  in  the  quieter  and 
2S3  fashionable  villages  about  the  moimtains,  substantial  fare  may  be 
ound  in  broad  old  farm-houses,  for  $6  to  $10  per  week. 

III.    Railways  and  Steamboats. 

Kailway  travelling  in  America  is  much  more  comfortable,  yet  more  ex- 
tensive and  dangerous,  than  in  the  Old  World.    There  is  but  one  class  of 


I'  1 


2  INTllODUCTlUX. 

tickets,  tho  average  fares  being  about  three  ctH.  a  mile.  On  each  train  is 
a  smoking-car,  easily  accessible  from  the  other  cars,  and  fitted  wilh  ' 
for  canl-idayin;,'.  It  is  jiriulent  to  decline  playing  with  Strang  ,,  .., 
gamblers  sonmtiniea  practice  their  arts  here,  in  H])ite  of  tho  watchfulnos 
of  the  ollicers  of  tho  train.  To  nearly  every  through  train  on  the  gram! 
routes  is  attached  one  or  more  Pull, nun  vm'h,  which  are  richly  carpeted 
and  curtained,  and  i)roi'usi:ly  furnished  with  solas,  easy-chairs,  tabli  s, 
mirrors,  and  fronted  with  broail  plate  glass  windows.  These  cars  btin;,' 
well  balanced  and  running  on  twelve  wheels,  glide  over  the  rails  witli 
great  ease.  By  night  they  are  ingeniously  changed  into  sleejiing-roonis, 
with  comfortable  bods.  The  extra  fares  on  the  palace  cars  are  coUectcil 
by  men  attached  to  them;  the  price  of  a  night's  loilging  (in  which  time 
one  can  go  from  Boston  to  New  York)  is  $1  .."jO.  The  fares  by  steamboat  are 
somewhat  lower  than  by  rail,  and  (in  case  of  a  night  passage)  include  a 
sleeping-berth  in  the  lower  saloon,  but  generally  do  not  include  meals, 
A  state-room  in  the  upper  cabin  costs  extra,  but  insui-es  better  air  uvA 
greater  comfort  and  privacy.  State-rooms  (in  tlie  summer  season)  should 
bo  secured  in  advance  at  the  company's  ollice  in  New  York,  Boston,  or 
Portland.  Great  lines  of  stages  still  run  among  the  mountains  and  in  the 
remote  rural  districts.  Persons  travelluig  by  this  way,  in  pleasant  weather, 
should  try  to  get  a  seat  on  the  outside, 

Tfte  Check  System.  —  The  traveller,  having  bought  a  ticket  for  his  des- 
tination, shows  his  heavy  baggage  (trunks,  &c.)  to  the  baggage-master, 
who  attaches  a  small  numbered  bra.ss  plate  to  each  piece  with  a  leatli«  r 
thong,  and  gives  to  the  traveller  a  check  for  each  piece  of  baggage,  simi- 
lar in  form  and  number  to  that  appended  to  such  piece.  The  railroad 
now  becomes  responsible  (within  certain  limits  of  weight  and  value)  for 
the  baggage,  which  is  to  be  given  up  only  on  the  presentation  of  the  du- 
plieate  cheek  which  is  in  the  traveller's  possession.  Trunks  may  be  thus 
despatched  from  Boston  to  Montreal,  Boston  to  Chicago,  &c.,  without 
trouble,  and  if  their  owner  is  delayed  on  the  route,  they  are  stored  safely 
at  their  destined  station  until  he  calls.  On  presentation  of  the  check  at  | 
the  baggage-room  of  the  station  to  which  the  baggage  has  been  sent,  it  is 
given  up  to  the  owner,  or  his  hotel  porter,  Tlie  large  hotels  have  coaches 
at  the  railroad  stations,  on  the  arrival  of  through  trains,  and  their  porters  | 
will  take  the  duplicate  checks,  get  the  trunks  and  carry  them  to  the  hotel, 

IV.    Excursions  ou  Foot. 

It  is  remarkable  that  pedestrianism  has  never  been  popular  in  this  I 
country.    The  ease  and  perfect  freedom  of  this  mode  of  travelling,  its 
highly  beneficial  physical  effects,  the  leisure  thus  afforded  in  which  to 
study  the  beautiful  scenery  in  otherwise  remote  and  inaccessible  dis-j 
tricts,  all  mai"k  tliis  as  one  of  the  most  profitable  and  pleasant  modes  of 


INTRODUCTION. 


II  each  train  is 
led  with  ' 
h  Strang     >,  -> 
le  watchfulness 
n  on  the  graiul 
richly  carpet td 
r-chairs,  tabic  s, 
'hese  cars  btin;,' 
r  the  rails  witli 
Hleei)ing-roonis, 
vrs  are  coUectiil 
;  (in  which  tune 
ly  steamboat  are 
issage)  inchule  a 
t  include  meals, 
s  better  air  ami 
cr  season) should 
York,  Boston,  or 
ntains  and  in  tlie 
pleasant  weather, 

licket  for  his  dcs- 
baggage-master, 
!e  with  a  leatli^T 
i  baggage,  sinii- 
:e.     The  railroad 
hit  and  value)  tor 
Itation  of  the  dii- 
iks  may  be  thus 
Lgo,  &c.,  without 
are  stored  safely 
of  the  check  at 
is  been  sent,  it  is 
»tels  have  coaches  1 
and  their  porters  | 
em  to  the  hotel. 


popiilar  in  this 
I  of  travelling,  its 
l-ded  in  which  to| 
J  inaccessible  dis- 
lleasant  modes  of 


Slimmer  recreation.  To  walk  two  hundred  miles  in  h  fortnight  i.s  an  easy 
thing,  and  it  is  infinitely  njore  refreshing  for  a  man  nf  sedentary  habits 
than  the  .same  length  of  time  .spent  in  lying  on  the  .sands  of  some  beach, 
or  idling  in  a  farni-hou.se  among  the  hills.  "  For  a  tour  of  two  or  three 
weeks,  a  couple  of  Hannel  shirts,  a  pair  of  worsted  stockings,  slippers, 
anil  the  articles  of  the  toilet,  carried  in  a  pouch  slung  over  the  shoulder, 
will  generally  be  found  a  sulhcient  eciuipmeiit,  to  which  a  light  overcoat 
.111(1  a  stout  umbrella  may  bo  added.  Strong  and  well-tried  boots  are 
essential  to  comfort.  Heavy  and  complicated  knapsacks  should  be 
avoid(Hl ;  a  light  pouch,  or  game-bag,  is  far  less  irksome,  and  its  position 
may  be  shifted  at  pleasure."  —  Baedekeu.  One  or  two  books  might  be 
added  to  this  list,  and  a  reserve  of  clothing  may  be  sent  on  in  a  light  valise, 
at  a  trilling  cost,  to  the  town  which  is  the  pedestrian's  objective  point. 

It  would  be  well  for  inexperienced  walkers  to  begin  at  eight  to  ten 

miles  a  day,  and  gradually  increase  to  sixteen  to  eighteen  miles,  or  six 

hours'  walking.     During  the  heats  of  summer  the  travelling  should  be 

I  done  at  early  morning  and  late  afternoon,  thus  spending  the  hottest  part 

of  tlie  day  in  coolness  and  rest.     The  best  time  for  a  pedestrian  tour  is 

j  between  late  September  and  late  October,  when  the  sky  is  clear  and  the 

1  air  bracing,  —  the  season  of  the  reaping  of  harvests,  the  ripening  of  finiits, 

I  and  the  splendor  of  the  reddening  forests. 

Among  the  most  interesting  districts  in  New  England  for  the  pedes- 
Itrian,  the  following  may  be  mentioned:  The  picturesque  valleys,  lakes, 
and  mountains  of  Berkshire  County,  Mass. ;  the  valley  of  the  Connecticut 
from  Springfield  to  Greenfield  ;  the  ocean-surrounded  arm  of  sand.  Cape 
Cod,  with  its  quaint  and  salty  old  villages  (Thoreau's  "  Cape  Cod"  is  the 
best  guide  there) ;  the  lake  region  of  New  Hampshire  ;  the  White  and 
Franconia  Mountains  (frequently  explored  by  walking  parties  from  the 
colleges  durhig  the  summer  vacation) ;  and  in  Maine,  the  romantic  Island 
of  i\Iount  Desert.  The  east  bank  of  the  Hudson  River,  from  New  York 
to  Albany,  affords  a  walk  of  rare  interest,  and  the  west  .shore  of  Lake 
George  presents  a  short  walk  through  peerless  scenery.  But  the  most  in- 
teresting ramble  is  from  Quebec  through  the  C6t6  de  Montmorenci  to 
Cape  Tormente,  there  crossing  the  St.  Lawrence,  and  passing  down  the 
south  shore  through  the  quaint  old  Norman  Catholic  villages  of  Mont- 
magiiy,  L'Islet,  and  Kamouraska.  This  route  can  be  traversed  only  by 
an  experienced  traveller  who  is  well  posted  in  French.  There  are  but 
I  very  few  hotels  in  this  ancient  and  primitive  district. 

V.    Hotels. 

The  hotels  of  the  United  States  will  certainly  bear  comparison  with 

I  those  of  any  other  country.     The  European  plan  has  been  adopted  in 

many  of  them  (as  Parkers  and  Young's,  and  others  at  Boston;  while  in 

many  others  it  is  used  in  combination  with  the  American  plan,  — $4  to 


I'ii 


4  INTRODUCTION. 

$4.50  per  day  at  the  more  fashiouable  houses,  $2.50  to  $  4  per  day  at  tliu 
conifortuhlu  hotels  of  the  siiiulh;r  citieH,  ami  $1.50  to  $2. '>0  per  day  in 
thu  HiiialltT  houses  in  the  rural  districts,  are  the  charges  which  cover  all 
ordinary  requirements.  No  costly  array  of  sundries  and  extras  is  at- 
tached to  the  bill,  and  the  practice  of  feeing  the  servants  has  nevtr 
obtained  to  any  extent,  nor  ha.s  it  been  found  necessary. 

VI.    Bound-Trip  EzourBions. 

During  the  sunmicr  and  early  fall  the  railroads  prepare  series  of  fx- 

cursion  tickets  at  greatly  reduced  rates.     Information  and  lists  of  tlnse 

routes  may  be  obtained  from  the  central  ollices  in  Boston.     The  ollice 

of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  is  at  28',)  Wasiiington  St. 

Thns.  Conk  &  Son,  tho  well  known  tourlHt  and  cxcumion  a^^ntR,  with  offlrps  at 
2(il  liroiulway.  Nt'W  York,  880  WashinRton  St.,  Ronton,  and  in  other  chief  riti«», 
lusiie  tickuts  ifor  circular  tours,  covering  tlio  main  lines  of  travel  throufth  New  Kni;- 
land  and  the  Maritime  Provinces,  as  well  as  other  parts  of  America.  These  tlckits 
are,  in  some  eases,  issued  at  n-duced  rates,  and  are  convenient  In  many  ways.  Tlie 
tourist  can  by  means  of  them  know  tlie  cost  of  any  propoM'd  tour  tteforehiind.  mid 
avoid  re-purchiu<inK  tickets  for  each  stage  of  the  journey.  Programmes  of  the  rouuj 
covered  by  these  circular  tickets  cau  be  bud  ou  application  to  them. 

VII.    Climate  and  Dress. 

Tlie  climate  of  New  England  is  subject  to  the  most  sudden  and  severe 
changes,  from  heat  to  cold  or  from  cold  to  heat.  Tlie  summers  are 
usually  much  hotter  and  the  winters  much  colder  than  in  England,  and 
during  the  latter  season  great  falls  of  snow  -e  frequent.  The  summer 
Bun  is  often  fatal  in  its  power,  and  long  exposure  to  its  vertical  rays  should 
be  avoided.  At  the  same  time  warm  clothing  should  be  kept  at  hand, 
and  woollen,  or  at  least  heavy  cotton,  un»lerclothing  should  be  worn,  'm 
order  to  guard  against  the  sudden  changes  which  are  so  frequent. 

VIII.    Miscellaneous  Notes. 

Passports  are  of  no  use  in  the  United  States  in  time  of  peace. 

The  examination  of  luggage  at  the  Canadian  frontier  and  at  the  ocean- 
ports  is  usually  very  lenient,  and  conducted  in  a  courteous  manner. 

Traffic  is  made  easy  from  the  fact  that  fixed  charges  exist  in  the  shops, 
ind  the  tiresome  processes  of  chaffing  *and  beating  down  are  unnecessary. 

Tliere  are  no  professional  guides  in  New  England,  but  the  people  are 
prompt  and  willing  to  answer  all  civilly  put  questions.  Gentlemen  from 
abroad  will  remember  that  there  is  here,  especially  in  the  coimtry,  no  class 
of  self-recognized  peasantry,  and  that  a  haughty  question  or  orrler  ■will 
often  provoke  a  reply  couched  in  all  "  the  native  rudeness  of  the  Saxon  | 
tongue." 

Travellers  should  not  fail  to  pack  in  the  satchel  a  bottle  of  Horsford's] 
Acid  Phosphate.    It  is  an  exceedingly  pleasant  preparation,  and  esjie- 
cially  recommended  for  those  disorders  peculiar  to  travellers,  —  indigestion  | 
and  exhaustion. 


11; 


\  per  day  nt  the 
♦2.  "iO  per  day  in 
which  cover  all 
nl  extras  is  at- 
.•ants  has  never 

y- 

are  series  of  ix- 
nd  lists  of  thtse 
ton.    The  ollice 


ntn,  with  offlrps  »t 
other  cljlpf  rifi.iH, 
throunh  New  Kn^ 
lea.  thew  tickifs 
I  many  wayw.  Tlie 
ir  befornhiind.  "ml 
nimes  of  the  routui 
em. 


udden  and  severe 
riie  summers  are 
I  iu  England,  and 
it.  The  summer 
rtical  rays  should 

e  kept  at  hand, 
lould  be  worn,  in 

"requent. 


peace. 

md  at  the  ocean- 

[3  manner. 

dst  in  the  shops, 
are  unnecessary. 

at  the  people  are  I 

Gentlemen  from 

country,  no  class 

on  or  orrler  villi 

ess  of  the  Saxon  ] 

ttlecf  Horsford'sl 
Iration,  and  esi»e- 
lers,  —  indigestion  I 


NEW-ENGLAND  HANDBOOK. 


1.  Boston. 

Ilntnle.  — The  *  Hotel  Drunflwlclc  (nurneA  &  Dunklet)  \n  on*  of  ih«  chief  botelt 

of  li'iitoti,  and  one  of  tliu  fluent  In  Ameiicii.  It  ittiiiid'H  at  the  corner  of  BoylMtoii  and 
I'lanii Inn  SCM.,  iu  the  elegint  ri-.-iiilfiice-quartfr,  ulontj^lJe  Trinity  Church  (I'hillipt 
Itiouiti*  ,  opposite  the  Mii-srt.  InHtltutu  of  Tfiluiolony  and  the  Muiteuiu  of  Natural 
History,  iiiiu  cloM  to  the  Art  Mu>uuui,  the  new  Y.  .M.  C.  A.  palace,  the  new  O.d 
Miiurli  ifltiirrh.  ami  the  Uo.iCou  Art  Club.  It  \»  a  uiai^nitk-ent  iitructure,  built  ut  a 
cct  of  ovur  4l>  1,1)00,0)1).  and  ha;«  tliu  bust  and  ilcbeNt  uf  upp<  iutuitnti*. 

Tiif  *  il'>tel  Vii;torli  is  u  .'*uniptuoii«  nuw  estublishuieut  at  the  corner  of  Dart- 
nioiitlt  i«iid  Newbury  St8.  (Kuinos  &  Uunlclee).  It  U  ou  the  European  piau ;  and 
l^  soiii'iiiiiK!*  callu'l  "  the  Deluiuiiico's  of  Uusiton." 

Till!  *  Hotel  Vendo  ne  (t*.  II.  Greeuieaf  &  Co.)  U  a  Inr^e  marble  building  on  Cora* 

niDiiwekltri  Av.  and  Dartmouth  it.  (^$b  a  day).     The  hutula  iu  tUe  iicait  of  the  city 

lareioiivi-iiiHiitiy  r<iCuatod  for  touri.it.s.     The  fauiou.i  old  *Trvniout  llouxe  Ih  at  the 

I  co.'iHT  of  Treuiont  and  liuooon  St.s.     The  •  Uevuro  llou.xe  (ou  Uowdoin  Square)  is  a 

I  |ikr;i'  iii'l  coiumodiouit  hotel,  near  thu  State  House  (European  plan).     The  *  Auii-ri- 

can  llou-e  iit  a  browu-stouo  oulldiug  ou  Hanover  St.,  wi^h  400  rooni.s  (if  3.50  to  S4  • 

Jiv ;   iiUo  European  plan).      The 'Parker  Hou.^e,  a  ituiely  marbie   buildiut;  on 

SciiMol  ^t ,  opposite  Ivuii^'H  Chapel  and  tho  City  II  ill,  l.x  kept  ou  the  European  plan, 

nri  i  U  a  t'atnoui  resort  of  the  young  men  of  New  England  and  .New  York.    *  Voung's 

lloel  (Oil  Court  Ave. ){.'<  ou  tlie  European  plan, and  u  patronized  by  city  merchanm. 

It  has  rereutiy  been  gruutly  enlarged  and  enriched.    The  *  Adauvs  House  (European 

h)l;m)ls  a  loftv  new  marble  building,  on  tV'ashiugton  St.,  between  West  and  Uoylvtoa 

Um.    Tliw  Tliorn  like  U  a  flue  new  hotel,  at  thu  corner  of  Uoylston  and  Church  Sta., 

Ilwt.vcen  the  Public  Uardeu  and  Provldeuc.t  utatiou.     The  United-Stales  Hotel,  near 

jiiic  .\li)iny  an  I  Oll-Colony  siiition',  ha.s  500  rooms,  and  I-  a  comfortable  old  hotel. 

I'i'im  C()oliJ;;o  IIo;i.se  U  on  Dowdoiu  Square.     The  (Jrawford  House  is  at  the  comer 

Idtl'iiirt.and  Ur.tttle  Sta.     Hoo.ns  at  Parker's,  Young's,  the  Adams,  and  the  Ciaw- 

|furl  arc  from  $  1.60  to  .^2  a  ilay  upward,  with  meals  <>  la  carte. 

Tlie  Qiincy  House  is  on  Brattle  Sq.  (300  guests  ;  •*  3  a  day) ;  the  Crelshton  TTou«e, 
|24.')  Ti'Kiuout  St  ,  near  Eliot  St.  (.$2.50  a  day).  The  International  is  a  large  hotel  on 
ItUi-  Kiiroppan  plan,  ou  VYasiiington  St.,  near  Boylston  St.;  the  Sherman  ia  on 
ICourt  S(iiiarn,  back  of  the  City  Hall  (rooms,  .91).'  The  New  Marlboro'  is  at  726 
|Wii.sliingcon  St.     The  Wiuthrop  (34  Bowdoin  St.)  is  inexpensire. 

At  I  fie  South  A'/ur— The    *  Commonwealth    is  a  stately  marble  building  on 

iWasliin^ton  St.,  extendins  from  Worcester  St.  to  Springfield  St.     Its  rites  are  9i 

|a  Jiy,  or  9  16  to  $ 25  a  week.    The  Clarendon  (621  and  523  Tremont  St )  is  well  situ- 

ateJ,  and  charges  .'$3  50  to  S4  a  d.iy.      The  Metropolitan  (Washington  St.   near 

>)ver)  ch.arges  *2  50  a  day.     There  are   several  smaller  hotels  and  hundreds  of 

ijuii't  and  inexpensive  bourding-houses  in  this  district. 

Uestauranta.  — *Tho  Parker  House  (with  a  spacious  dining-room  for  ladies)  ii 
fiinous  for  its  excellent  dinners.  (Charles  Dickens  called  Parker's  the  best  hotel 
|iii  America.)  'Young's,  near  the  Old  State  House,  is  nuich  patronized  for  society 
un.1  ftfstal  dinners.  Tiie  Hotel  Victoria  has  a  sumptuous  dining-room.  The  Adams 
llnu'ie  his  a  capital  diiiing-hall (meals  d  la  carte).  The  Boylston  Caft5  (195 Tremont 
Jt ,  iioar  Boylston  St )  is  iiiexpen«iT'.  Brooks's,  467  Washington  St..  and  Co|)eland'a, 
lis  Tremont  St.,  are  much  visited  by  ladies ;  as  are  also  Weber's  and  Dooling's 
[IVinple  Place)  and  Fera's  (162  Tremont  St ).  The  elegant  dining  hails  of  Young's 
Intel  and  the  Adams  Hou.se  are  much  frequente  I  by  ladle.''.  *0ber'8  sumptuous 
^estaurant  ParLsien  (4  Winter  Place)  has  the  French  cuisine  ;  so  also  have  Mieusset 
PrerHs,  in  Van  Rensselaer  Place  {tafile  (Vhnte).  Italian  cuisine  at  Vercelli's, 
M  Boylston  St  The  he<>t  steak  and  chop  houses  are  the  Park  House  (6  Bosworth  St. ) 
knd  the  Coolldge  (Bowdoin  Sq.V  Ladies  visit  Marston's  (2ft  Brattle  St.).  Fellner 
|9  Exchange  Pliice)  and  Oilman's  (50  Summer  St )  are  patronized  by  merchants. 

Confi'ctionery  and  ices  may  be  obtained  at  Huyler'g  (28  West  St.),  Dooling's, 
Fern's,  Oopeland's,  Weber's,  etc. ;  also  at  Bailey's,  45  West  St. 
Billiard  Halls.  — The  White  Bear  is  on  Washington  St.,  next  to  the  Doyl- 


^1 


^  1 


Jiuute  1. 


BOSTON. 


i 


Bton  Market ;  the  Hub  (12  tables)  Is  at  115  Suilbury  St. ;  and  the  RcTcre  (8  tables)  is 
uearly  oppo»<itu  tliu  Kevure  House.  Arteinus  Ward's  quaint  ^tuteniunt  is  well  knuwn, 
—  tliat  Harvard  (V.llej^u  is  located  iu  the  billiard-room  of  the  Parker  House.  Tla- 
lart^e  hotels  all  have  billiard-roonis. 

BatliH.  —  Turkish,  Jtussian,  t-lectric,  sulphur,  and  large  plunge-baths  (reserrcd 
for  Indies  forenoons,  Satunlfiys  cxfi-pted).  Vi.-itors  will  find  the  nio;  t  c^miplete  anj 
hixniioiis  arraugunients.  —  Hott'l  IJoylston,  Vd'J,  Treinont  St..  under  the  direction  (if 
J.  De  IJeor,  M.  D  —  Turkish  baths  at  17  Beacon  St.  (ladies  ou  Monday  and  Thursday 
forenoons). 

lifUKliiig-Ilooms  (open  evenings  also).  —  In  the  Public  Library  are  the  prin- 
cipal  European  periodicals  and  Aincrican  new.«p:i|)eis  and  mapizines.  The  Young 
Men's  Christian  Union  (20  IJoylston  St )  and  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associatidu 
(corner  of  lloylston  and  Ucrkeley  Sts  )  have  large  and  well-suppiied  reading-rooms, 
free  to  all  visitors.  An  introduction  from  a  member  is  necessary  to  secure  admission 
to  the  Athonneum  reading-rooms.  Tlie  chief  hotels  devote  rooms  to  numerous  files 
of  the  newspapers  of  the  day. 

Theatres.  —  The*  Boston  Theatre  (on  Washington  St,  near  West  St  )  is  the 
l.'.rgcst  in  New  England,  and  is  famous  iu  the  annals  of  the  stage.  Orchestra  and 
parquet-circle  seats,  $  l.oO  ;  balcony,  ^  1 ;  dre.-^s-circle,  75  cts.  ;  f imily  circle,  50  ct3. 
The  *tJilobe  Theatre  (on  Washington  St.,  near  Boylston)  has  a  brilliant  auditorinin, 
and  is  visited  by  operatic  troupes  and  stiir-purforniers.  Orchestra  and  balcony  Keats, 
$  1.50 ;  balcony-circle,  !#  1 ;  family-circle,  50  cts.  The  Boston  Museum  (Tremont 
St.,  near  School  St.)  Is  conducted  by  an  admirable  stock  company.  Orchestra-scats, 
$  1 ;  balcony,  75  cts. ;  parquet  circle,  60  cts.  The  Park  and  the  Bijou  are  on  Wash- 
ington St.,  near  tae  liosion  and  (ilobe  Theatres  The  Hohis-Sc.  Tueatre  ia  a  .<puciou9 
new  huu.^e  on  Holiis  ^t.     TUe  Howard  Atlienseum  is  devoted  to  varieties. 

L'ia.inic  Music  is  given  iu  .Music  Hail  (\Vinrer  St.)  by  the  Handel  and  llaydii 
Society,  the  Boston  Symphouy  Oiche.-tra,  and  other  famous  societies.  Leciurts, 
conctrts,  etc.,  are  frequently  given  ac  Tiemont  Temple,  Music  Hail,  Horticultur;tl 
Hail,  Chickeiing  Hali,  and  Uawtuorne  Uuuiiis  Art  txliibitioiiH,  iu  the  Studio 
BurMing  (Tiemuut  St.),  the  Bo.'>tou  Art  Club  rooms  ^Dartmouth  St.),  and  the  sales- 
galleries.  Abram  French  &  Co.'s  china  store,  Franklin  and  Devonshire  Sts.,  the 
largest  establishment  of  its  kind  in  the  world,  is  Worth  a  visit.  L.  P.  Hollander 
&  uo's  fashionable  n.illinery  and  furnishing  store  is  at  82  and  83  Boyl-^ton  St. 
Uase-ball  vuitchifs,  on  the  grounds  of  the  Boston  Club  (Trcmont-St.  hor.«e-cars). 

C>urrla;$e8.  —  5*J  cts.  each  passenger  fur  a  course  within  the  city  proper ;  $  1  from 
points  S.  01  Dover  St.  or  \V.  of  Berkeley  St.,  to  points  N.  of  Slate,  Court,  and  Cam- 
bridge Sts.  (50  cts.  fur  each  additional  pa>senger  .  From  midnight  until  6  a.  m. 
douiiie  the  aoove  rates.  A  tarilf  of  the  legal  fares  is  in  eacli  c.irri.ige.  Cabs  of 
liootou  Cab  Co.,  half  tha  above  rates,     HeraicB  cliurge  25  cts.  a  course. 

Horse-Cars  (fire  usually  6  cts.)  traverse  the  city  in  all  directions.  Tremont  St., 
between  Temple  Place  and  the  Tremont  House,  Bowdoin  Sq.,  and  Scollay  Sq.  (corner 
Court  and  Tremont  Sts. )  are  the  principal  centres  of  horse-car  trafflc.  Cars  Ic.ive 
t'.ie  Tremont  House  every  few  minutes  for  the  Northern  Depots,  (^helsea  Ferry,  Mt. 
Pleasant  (in  Dorchester),  Warren  St.  (lloxbury).  Grove  Hall,  Dorchester,  Norfolk 
House  (Iloxl)ury),  Ej^Ieston  Square,  Forest  Hill,  Lenox  St.,  .laniaica  I'lain,  Brook- 
line,  B(!acon  St!,  and  B.  Boston.  Also  from  Temple  Pla<'e  to  Dudley  St.  (Koxbniy), 
and  Grove  Hall  via  Sliawmut  Ave.  From  Scoll.iy  S((.,  cais  run  to  South  Boston, 
City  I'oint,  Bay  View,  Churlestown  Neck,  Bunker  liil;,  Maiden.  \Viriter  Hill,  Meii- 
ford,  Union  Square  (Somerville),  Chelsen,  ll^'i  ere  Beach  (,*'/?  sitniiner)  Lynn,  Swamp- 
scott.  From  foot  of  Summer  St.,  cars  to  D.ircliesti>r  mul  Milton.  From  Bowdoin 
Sq.,  cars  on  routes  to  the  western  suburbs,  Ca,mtiridneport,  Iliversiile  Press,  Brighton, 
N<!wton  Corner,  Harvard  Sij.  (University),  Mount  Aiilmrn,  Watertown.  .\rlin.i;ton, 
Somerville  (rtVt  Cr.»i(?ie's  Bridge).  Cars  also  pass  from  Tremont  and  Washing^nn 
Sts.  to  Atlantic  Ave.  and  tlio  piers  of  the  harb-^r  and  coast  steamboats.  Omuibiit'i'S  | 
run  on  the  main  streets. 

Steamships  leave  Boston  as  follows :  -  For  Portland,  daily,  from  India  Whar^ ; 
for  Eastport  and  St.  .lohn,  tri-weekly,  from  Conmiercial  Wh;irf ;  lor  Bangor,  tri- 
weekly, IVom  Ijincoln's  Wharf;  for  Halifax,  semi  weekly,  from  Ni«'kerson's  Wharf;  I 
for  New  York,  tri  weekly,  from  Central  Wharf  (freight  line);  for  P.iiladelphia.seini- 
wei'kly,  from  Long  Wharf;  for  Norfolk  and  Baltimore,  semi-weekly,  ftoni  Central  I 
Wharf;  for  Savannah,  weekly,  from  Nickcrson's  Wharf;  for  Liverpool  (Cuniird 
Line),  every  Saturday,  from  the  Cunard  Wharf,  Kast  Boston.  Al.so  steamboats  fir 
the  itennebec,  Gloucester,  Provincetown,  Plymouth,  Nahant,  llevere  Beach,  ami  flie 
landings  in  Boston  Harbor.  Sailing  packets  connect  Boston  with  nearly  every  p.m  | 
of  New  England 


■? 


BOSTON. 


Route  1. 


ievere  (8  tables)  Is 
jntia  well  known, 
rker  House.    'I'lie 

ge-baths  (recerved 
not  t  onuilete  and 
er  the  direction  of 
day  uud  Thuis'day 

rarv  are  the  prin- 
siut'rt.  The  Young 
ristian  Associatidu 
ed  reading-rooiiis, 
o  secure  adinisf*i<'ti 
to  uuiiierou3  tiles 

ir  West  St  )i9  the 
;e.  Orchestni  and 
iniilv  circle,  60  cts. 
•illia'nt  auditorium, 
aud  balcony  seuta, 
Museum  (Tremont 
y.  Orchestra-scats, 
Bijou  are  on  Wash- 
iiL-atre  is  a  fpiicious 
Viiriulies. 

llaudcl  and  Uaydii 
x:ieues.  Lecuirts, 
lluil,  Horticultural 
lom,  iu  the  Istudio 

St.),  anil  ^^^  *'*'*"*' 
aevonshire  Sts..  the 


L.  P.  Hollander 
nd  83  Boylston  St. 
iit-St.  horFe-cars). 
ity  proper ;  S 1  from 
te.  Court,  aud  Cam- 
.night  until  <d  a.m. 
cuTiage.     Cabs  of 
course, 
tiona,  Tremont  St , 
Scollay  Sq.  (corner 
traffic.     Cars  Icuve 
,  Chelsea  ¥erry,  >lt. 
Dorchester,  Norfolk 
!(ica  riain,  ISmok- 
lioy  St.  (Uoxbury), 
|u  to  South  Rostoii, 
.  Winter  Hill,  Med- 
dle/-) Lvnn,  Swamp- 
11      Krom  Bowdtiin 
i(i('  Press,  nri^hton, 
itei-fowti.  .\rliiigton, 
t.  and  Wasliins-'^on 
boatd.     OmiubiiMS 

from  India  Wharf;, 
i-f;  lor  llangor,  tri- 
Nickerson's  Wharf;  | 

•  P.iiladelphia,seini- 
eeklv,froui  Central 

•  Liverpool  (Cutmrd 
Also  steamboats  fnr 
vore  Reach,  ami  tlie 
th  nearly  every  p-m  | 


)n. 


Churches.  —  There  are  in  the  city  27  Baptist  churches,  29  Gongregationalist, 
30  Unitarian,  23  Episcopal,  32  Methodist,  7  Presbyterian,  30  Romau  Catholic,  11 
Uiiivur.<alist,  and  33  other  religious  societies.  There  is  a  German  Lutheran  church, 
corner  of  Sliawmut  Ave.  and  Walthaui  St. 

Newspapers.  —  D  dally  papers  are  published  in  the  city;  ai.«o  4  scmi-wcek- 
lies ;  OU  weeklies  ;  4  bi-weeklies ;  93  mouthiies  (mostly  inagusiuas)  ;  and  10 
quarterlies. 

Boston  (Shawmut,  or  "  Sweet  Waters "),  tlie  Puritan  City,  was  first  settled 
by  a  roiluse  Anglican  clergyman,  Willam  Blackstone,  about  the  year  1623.  Tho 
ailventnrous  colonists  who  landed  at  Haleiu,  in  1030,  soon  moved  a  large  party  to 
Cliaik'stown  ;bat,  finding  no  water  there,  they  crossed  to  the  peninsula  of  Khawmut, 
umlir  the  leailersliip  of  Isaac  Johnson,  landing  on  the  i)rcsent  site  of  Boston, 
Si'pteinber  7(0.  S.),  10-30.  The  name  Boston  was  given  to  the  jtlace  by  order  of 
the  Court,  in  honor  of  that  English  city  from  which  came  Johnson  and  John 
Cotton,  two  of  the  early  church  fathers  of  the  new  settlement.* 

In  1()'14  Bi.ickstone,  declaring  *'  I  came  from  England  bp'-nnsc  I  did  not  like 
the  lord  bishops,  but  I  can't  join  with  you,  because  I  would  not  be  under  the 
lonls  brethren,"  sold  the  peninsula  to  the  colonists  for  £30,  and  went  into  the 
wilderness.  Governor  Winthrop  had  i)reviously  constituted  Boston  tlie  capital 
of  the  colony,  and  a  strong  tide  of  immigration  set  in.  In  1631  the  barque 
"  Blessing  of  the  Bay  "  was  launched  ;  in  1032  the  first  church  was  built ;  and  in 
1636-38  Harvard  College  was  founded.  In  1GG3  Josselyn  writes  :  **  The  buildings 
are  Iiandsoine,  joining  one  to  the  other  as  in  London,  with  many  large  streets, 
most  of  them  paved  with  pebble-stones.  In  the  liigh  street  towards  the  Coni- 
nion  there  are  faire  houses,  some  of  stone,"  &(•.,-  a  great  change  since  1630,  when 
one  declared  it  to  be  "  a  hideous  wildeniess,  possessed  by  barbarous  Indians, 
very  I'old,  sickly,  rocky,  barren,  unlit  for  culture,  and  like  to  keep  the  people 
miserable."  In  the  Peqmt  War  of  1637,  and  King  Philip's  War  (1675  -  70),  Boston 
liore  a  large  share,  and  hundreds  of  prisoners  were  gtiarded  there.  "  Pliiiadelpliia 
was  a  forest,  and  New  York  was  an  insignificant  village,  long  after  its  rival  (Bos- 
ton) had  become  a  great  commercial  town." 

The  town  gave  men  and  money  freely  in  defence  of  the  frontiers  against  the 
Franco-Indian  attacks,  and  fleet  after  fleet  left  its  harbor  to  do  battle  on  the 
eastern  coasts.  In  1704  the  first  American  newspaper  (the  "  Boston  News-Let- 
ter") appeared  here  ;  in  1710  a  massive  wall  of  brick  and  stone  foundation,  with 
cannon  on  its  parapets,  and  with  two  strong  gates,  was  built  across  the  isthmus, 
or  neck,  on  the  south,  near  the  present  l)over  St.  Tliis,  with  the  walls  on 
on  the  water-front,  2,200  feet  long,  15  feet  high,  and  20  feet  thick,  and  the  forts  on 
Castle  Isiand  and  Fort  Hill,  effectually  guarded  against  attacks  by  the  Dutch  or 
French.  In  1711,  5,000  of  Marlborough's  veterans,  and  a  large  Provincial  force, 
enoanii)ed  at  East  Boston,  and  thence  sailed  on  Admiral  Walker's  disastrous  ex- 
pedition against  Quebec.  In  1739  sailed  the  fleet  destined  to  attack  Cuba,  and 
of  500  men  sent  from  the  Massachusetts  colony  but  50  ever  returned.  Meantime 
France  had  erected  a  powerful  fortress  at  Louisbourg,  far  in  the  nortli,  and  4,100 
soldiers,  in  13  vessels,  mounting  204  guns,  sailed  from  Boston  in  1745.  They 
were  joined  at  Canseau  hy  10  royal  frigates;  the  "Massachusetts."  24,  cni)tuied 
tlie  French  frigate  "  Vigilant,"  64  ;  and  after  firing  9,600  cannon-shot  into  Louis- 
bonrg  it  surrendered,  with  2,000  men  and  70  heavy  guns.  Restored  1o  France  by 
London  treaty-makers,  the  work  had  to  be  done  over  again,  and  in  1758  Amherst 
and  Boscawen  gathered  a  royal  and  provincial  army  and  fleet  at  Boston,  attacked 
Louisbourg  with  7,000  men  and  57  sail,  lost  400  men,  and  took  tlie  fortress,  with 
5,C0()  .soldiers,  39  heavy  guns,  G  line-of-battle  ships,  and  several  frigates.  In 
1745  the  Duke  d'Anville,  with  10  ships  of  the  line,  95  frigates,  and  a  large  army, 
was  sent  to  retake  Louisbourg  and  demolish  Boston.  A  frightful  storm  sliattered 
this  armada,  but  he  landed  a  strong  force  at  Halifax,  which  annihilated  a  Massachu- 
setts army  in  a  battle  at  Grand  Pre,  and  tilled  Boston  with  mourners.  The  feel- 
ing of  discontent  which  had  been  growing  since  the  forfeiture  of  the  colonial 
charters  in  16S8,  and  which  bad  been  increased  by  arbitrary  acts  of  royal  gov- 
I  emors  and  of  the  London  cabinet,  arose  rapidly  in  1762-65,  on  the  passage 
[  of  the  "  Writs  of  Assistance  "  and  the  Stamp  Act.    In   1768  two  royal  regi- 

•  Boston,  in  Lincolnshire,  Eni?.,  was  fntindcd  in  65(1  by  St.  Botidph  (boot-help),  a  pioui 
Saxon  and  the  patron-saint  of  Lnglish  sailors. 


tM 


i     Hi 

i4 


8 


liouie  1. 


BOSTON. 


i:|ii' 


ments  from  Halifax  moved  into  the  town,  and  riots  and  outrages  began  to  be 
frequent.  Reinforcements  were  sent  again  and  again  lo  the  gaiTison,  and  Lieu- 
tenant-Gen eml  Gage,  the  commander  of  the  British  forces,  was  appointed  (1774) 
Governor  of  Massaclnisetts.  Then  ensued  the  gathering  of  the  patriot  armies  at 
Cambridge,  the  Wodiade  of  the  city,  and  consequent  distress  among  its  people, 
and  the  bombardments  from  the  American  Hues.  Wlien  Lord  Howe  was  forced 
to  evacuate  the  city,  Mnrcli  17,  1776,  3,000  loyalists  chose  to  go  with  him,  and  on 
the  same  day  the  Americans  took  possession  of  battered  and  liungry  Hnd  depopu- 
lated Boston. 

Since  the  close  of  the  Revolution  the  city  lias  lieen  engaged  in  great  intcnial 
improvements,  the  construction  of  a  network  of  railroads  to  all  parts  of  New 
England,  and  the  preservation  and  extension  of  its  commerce.  Great  manufac- 
turing interests  centred  here,  and  the  city  boundaries  were  again  and  again  en- 
larged. In  June,  1872,  the  Universal  Peace  Jiibilee  was  held  here  (as  projected 
and  managed  by  P.  S.  Gilmore)  in  an  immense  wooden  building  on  the  Back  Bay. 
This  edifice  (called  the  Coliseum)  was  550  feet  long,  350  feet  wide,  and  115  feet 
high,  thus  having  an  area  greater  than  that  of  the  Milan  and  Cologne  Catlie- 
drals  united,  or  of  St.  Paul's  (Lond(m)  and  St.  Sophia  (Constantinople)  united. 
The  Roman  Coliseum  held  87,000  spectators,  but  the  Boston  Coliseum  could 
accommodate  only  40,000  to 50,000.  Great  galleries  ran  around  the  hall,  parlors,  &(•., 
were  plentiful,  and  a  forest  of  flags  and  national  symbols  was  draped  within  and 
floated  outside.  Strong  fo/oes  of  police,  firemen,  and  artillerists  were  ccmstantly 
on  duty  at  the  Coliseum.  Some  of  the  music  was  emphasized  by  the  booming  of 
cannon  near  the  building  and  the  ringing  of  the  city  bells,  while  a  large  company 
of  uniformed  firemen  accompanied  the  oft-repeated  Anvil  Chorus  with  ringing 
blows  on  anvils.  Strauss,  the  Austrian  conijioser  of  waltzes,  and  violinist,  Mes- 
dames  Peschka-Leutner,  liudei-sdorlf,  and  Goddard  were  there  ;  also  the  bands  of 
the  English  Grenadier  Guards,  the  French  Garde  B^publicaine,  and  the  Pnissian 
Kaiser  Franz  Grenadier  Regiment.  These  were  aided  by  a  grand  orchestra  of  2,000 
musicians,  and  a  chonis  of  165  well-drilled  societies,  comprising  20,000  voices. 
The  Jubilee  lasted  for  3  weeks  (without  accident  or  mischance),  and  was  varied 
by  a  great  Presidential  Ball.  Early  in  the  next  year  the  Coliseum  was  taken 
down. 

The  rapid  extension  of  commerce,  and  the  concentration  of  great  manufacturing 
agencies  in  the  city,  produced  a  corresponding  flow  of  wealth  and  growth  of 
stately  architecture.  The  streets  between  the  Common  and  the  Harbor,  between 
Summer  and  St^te  Sts.,  were  lined  with  lofty  and  ornate  commercial  houses, 
unsurpassed  elsewhere  in  the  world,  and  crowded  with  valuable  goods.  There 
were  tiere  of  streets  lined  with  massive  granite  structures,  which  seemed  as  un- 
inflammable as  ravines  in  the  solid  rock.  About  7  o'clock  on  the  warm,  moonlit 
evening  of  November  9,  1872,  a  fire  broke  out  in  a  building  on  the  comer  of  Kings- 
ton and  Summer  Sts.  It  speedily  crept  up  from  the  lower  story  and  turned 
the  Mansaixl  roof  into  a  sea  of  flame.  The  fire  started  thence  in  three  direc- 
■".ions,  and,  fanned  by  the  gale  which  it  had  formed,  it  swept  up  and  down 
Summer  St.,  and  through  the  lateral  avenues  into  Franklin  St.  and  Winthroj) 
Sq.  The  firemen,  although  heroically  active,  were  driven  before  it,  until  early 
Sunday  morning,  when  several  buildings  were  blown  up.  About  this  time 
the  fire  was  checked  in  its  southward  i)rogress,  and  the  whole  Fire  Depart- 
ment (reinforced  from  many  towns  within  100  miles)  faced  the  destroyer  on 
the  north.  From  2  to  3  o'clock  Sunday  mor.ning  the  firemen  fought  tlie  flames  nn 
Washington  St.,  and  after  incredible  efforts  kept  it  on  the  lower  side  of  the 
street,  and  saved  the  Old  South  Church,  which  was  scorched  and  strewn  with 
sparks.  During  the  day  the  fone  at  hand  was  directed  on  two  points,  the  new 
U.  8.  Post  Office  on  Devonshii'e  Street,  and  the  Merchant's  Exchange,  and  in 
the  narrow  streets  between  Broad  and  Kilby  Sts.  Repulsed  from  the  first  two 
points,  and  after  a  time  c'idcked  in  its  advance  toward  Kilby  St.,  the  fire  sank 
rapidly  under  the  cataracts  of  water  which  were  being  poured  upon  it  from  the 
steam-engines  massed  along  State  St.  By  mid-afternoon  the  danger  was  over, 
and  many  of  the  out-of-town  engines  were  sent  home.  In  less  than  24  hours  the 
richest  quarter  of  Boston,  coA'ering  about  50  acres,  had  been  swept  away,  and 
nothing  remained  of  those  massive  piles  of  granite  and  brick  save  a  few  ragged 
and  tottering  fragments  of  wall.  The  loss  was  not  far  from  $70,000,000.  To 
keep  out  the  swarms  of  thieves,  and  to  prevent  the  citizens  and  the  scores  of 
thousands  of  visitors  from  imperilling  themselves,  three  reyiments  of  State  troopi 


now  (Tiven  to 


BOSTON. 


Roitle  1. 


9 


in  great  internal 
I  all  parts  of  New 
Great  nianufac- 
ain  and  again  en- 
liere  (as  projected 
;  on  the  Back  Bay. 
wide,  and  115  feet 
nd  Cologne  Catlie- 
tantinople)  united. 
m  Coliseum  could 
e  hall,  parlors, &('., 
draped  within  and 
ts  were  constantly 
by  the  booming  i)f 
le  a  large  company 
lorus  with  ringing 
and  violinist,  Mes- 
;  also  the  bands  (if 
s,  and  the  Pnissian 
d  orchestra  of  2,000 
sing  20,000  voices. 
3e),  and  was  varied 
oliseum  was  taken 


•eat  manufacturing 
1th  and  growth  of 
le  Harbor,  between 
onunercial  houses, 
able  goods.     Tliere 
lich  seemed  as  uu- 
the  warm,  moonlit 
he  comer  of  Kings- 
story  and  turned 
ice  in  three  direc- 
^ept  up  and  down 
St.  and  Winthroi) 
fore  it,  until  early 
About  this  time 
ivhole  Fire  Depart- 
I  the  destroyer  on 
)ught  the  flames  m 
lower  side  of  the 
and  strewn  with 
vo  points,  the  new 
Exchange,  and  in 
from  the  first  two 
)y  St.,  the  fire  sank 
upon  it  from  the 
,  danger  was  over, 
than  24  hours  the 
n  swept  away,  and 
save  a  few  ragged 
I  $70,000,000.    To 
and  the  scores  of 
euts  of  State  troop* 


n 


were  called  out,  who  formed  a  line  of  guards  around  the  burnt  district,  which  was 
tliiH  jticketed  and  held  under  martial  law  for  many  days.  Iicss  than  thirty  lives 
wero  lost  during  tlie  fire.  The  rapid  and  resistless  spread  of  the  conflagration 
(which  would  have  been  impossible  in  a  Euroi)ean  city)  has  been  attributed  to 
the  narrow  streets,  the  thin  partition  walls,  and  the  universal  use  of  lofty  Man- 
sard roofs  built  of  light  timljer  and  planking,  and  too  high  from  the  street  to  bo 
reached  l)y  the  water  from  the  engines.  "  The  best  treasure  of  Boston  cannot  be 
Imnit  up.  Her  grand  capital  of  culture  and  character,  science  and  skill,  humanity 
ami  religion,  is  beyond  the  reach  of  flame.  Sweei)  away  every  store  and  house, 
tvi  ry  school  and  church,  and  let  the  i)eople,  witli  their  history  and  habits,  re- 
main, and  they  still  have  one  of  the  richest  and  strongest  cities  on  earth." 

Boston,  the  capital  of  tho  State  of  Massachusett.i,  ami  the  metropolis 
(if  New  England,  is  one  of  the  most  ancient  and  famous  of  the  American 
( ilies.  Its  colonial  and  Revolutionary  ei)Och.s  were  tilled  with  incidents 
of  rare  heroism  and  surpassing  interest,  while  the  later  and  more  peace- 
ful years  have  been  rich  in  the  triumphs  of  conjmerce  and  industry.  Al- 
though it  has  lost  its  former  commercial  supremacy,  it  still  ranks  as  the 
second  American  city  in  this  regard,  and  is  carrying  through  vast  railroad 
jirojects  in  order  to  keep  its  position.  It  is  bnilt  on  a  deep  inlet  at  the 
liead  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  favorably  situated  either  for  foreign  ti'af- 
fic  or  for  its  vast  trade  with  the  manufacturing  towns  of  New  England. 
So  tlie  city  has  grown  rapidly,  its  population  of  30,049  in  the  year  1800, 
and  70,713  in  1830,  having  increased  by  18S4  to  400  000,  with  a  valuation 
of  0  672,500,000.  The  cramped  limits  of  the  peninsula  being  too  narrow, 
large  tracts  of  land  have  been  added  by  filling  up  the  tide-water  flats  and 
coves,  and  by  the  annexation  and  settlement  of  neighboring  towns.  In 
spite  of  its  frecpient  fires  and  rapid  changes,  Boston  has  more  of  a  Euro- 
Iicin  appearance  than  any  other  American  city,  and  it  has  also  a  calm, 
colli,  and  reserved  aristocracy  of  old  families.  The  intellectual  and  musi- 
( al  culture  of  its  citizens  is  reno^vned,  and  the  most  radical  and  advanced 
scliools  of  politics,  philosophy,  and  religion  find  their  home  here.  As  for 
tlie  nimierous  charitable  houses  of  the  city,  they  have  gener.ally  won  the 
highest  praise,  even  the  censorious  Dickens  saying  ;  "  I  sincerely  believe 
that  the  public  institutions  and  charities  of  this  capital  of  Massachusetts 
are  as  nearly  perfect  as  the  most  considerate  wisdom,  humanity,  and 
benevolence  can  make  them."  The  district  lying  between  State,  Court, 
and  Cambridge  Sts.  and  the  waters  of  Charles  River  and  the  Harbor, 
was,  in  the  olden  time,  the  most  important  part  of  the  city,  although  it  is 
now  given  to  the  purposes  of  trade  and  the  dwellings  of  the  lower  classes. 
Commercial  St.,  forming  3  sides  of  a  square,  bounds  a  great  part  of  it, 
and  opens  on  a  continuous  line  of  wharves.  The  great  Northern  depots 
of  the  Lowell  Railroad  (for  Vermont  and  Montreal),  the  Eastern  Rail- 
road, the  Fitch  burg,  and  the  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad,  are  situated  near 
each  other,  on  and  near  Causeway  St. 

Copp'a  Hill,  in  the  northeast  part,  was  the  site  of  a  British  fort,  which 
took  an  active  part  in  the  Bunker  Hill  battle,  in  1775,  and  burned 


u 


if 


iv: 


10       Jtuute  J. 


BOSTON. 


Cliarlestown  with  a  shower  of  hot  shot.  The  ancient  burj'ing-ground 
first  used  iu  1660  occupies  the  brow  of  the  hill,  and  has  been  sacredly 
preserved.  Here  are  buried  three  fathers  of  the  Puritan  Church,  Drs. 
Increase,  Cotton,  and  Samuel  Mather.  The  cemetery  is  open  to  the 
public. 

Near  Copp's  Hill,  on  Salem  St.,  is  Christ  Church  (Episcopal),  the 
oldest  church  edifice  in  the  city  (consecrated  in  1723).  A  fine  chime  nf 
bells  is  in  the  tower,  and  its  music  is  almost  coeval  with  the  churcli. 
Near  the  West  Boston  Bridge  is  the  large  granite  building  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts General  Hospital,  a  noble  charitable  institution  wilh 
rich  endowments. 

^Faneuil  Hall,  "The  Cradle  of  American  Liberty,"  was  built 

and  given  to  the  city  in  1742,  by  Peter  Faneuil,  a  Huguenot  merchant. 
It  was  burnt  in  1761,  and  rebuilt  in  time  to  serve  the  British  14th 
Regiment  for  barracks  (1768).  Durhig  the  later  popular  excitements 
many  stirring  orations  were  made  here,  vaitil,  during  the  siege  of  1775  -  70, 
the  royal  oflicevs  turned  it  into  a  theatre.  The  Hall,  76  feet  square 
and  28  feet  high,  has  no  seats,  and  will  accommodate  a  great  audience. 
In  time  of  great  military  or  political  emergencies,  the  men  of  Boston 
Hock  to  Faneuil  Hall  by  thousands.  Here  are  copies  of  some  good  por- 
traits :  Peter  Faneuil,  Sargent ;  George  Washington,  Stuart ;  Coninio- 
dore  Preble,  General  Warren,  John  Q.  Adanis,  *  Webster  replying  to 
Hayne,  Henly ;  Edward  Everett,  Abraham  Lincoln,  John  A.  Andrew, 
*  Samuel  Adams,  Copley  (his  masterpiece) ;  and  others.  Fronting  Fan- 
euil Hall  is  the  (586  ft.)  long  granite  building  of  the  Quincy  Market, 
where  all  kinds  of  meat,  fish,  fruit,  and  vegetables  are  exposed  iu 
tempting  profusion.  Not  far  from  the  Market  is  the  *U.  S.  CuBtom 
House,  perhaps  the  most  massive  and  imposing  building  in  Bos- 

ton. It  was  built  1837  -  49,  at  a  cost  of  nearly  $  1,100,000,  and  its  walls, 
roof,  and  dome  are  of  granite.  The  building  is  in  tl  3  form  of  a  Greek 
cross,  and  is  surrounded  by  32  immense  colunms,  5  ft.  thick  and  32 
ft.  high.  The  great  granite  warehouses  (State  St.  Block,  &c.)  in  the 
vicinity  are  worthy  of  attention  ;  also  the  ever-busy  wharves  near  State 
St.     The  old  Post  Office,  or  Merchants'  Exchange,  with  6  long 

granite  colunms  in  front,  is  famous  as  the  point  where  the  flames  advancing 
on  State  Street  were  checked,  in  the  Great  Fire  of  1872,  by  a  platoon  of 
husky,  dingy,  and  quivering  steam  fire-engines  drawn  up  before  it.  The 
Wall  Street  of  Boston,  the  haunt  of  its  bankers  and  brokers,  is  the  part 
of  State  St.  between  the  old  Post  Office*and  the  Old  State  House. 
This  ancient  edifice  was  built  in  1748,  and  •  ng  used  by  the  legislature  of 
the  colony.  On  March  5, 1770,  a  collision  occurred  betweet*  the  towns- 
people and  the  British  main -guard  stationed  here,  and  a  volley  was  fired, 
killing  four  and  wounding  many  of  the  crowd.     This  affair  was  called  the 


BOSTON. 


RuHie  I. 


11 


lerty,"  was  built 
uenot  merchant. 
;he  British  14th 
alar  excitements 
lege  of  1775  -  70, 
,  76  feet   square 
a  great  audience, 
I  men  of  Boston 
f  some  good  por- 
Stuart;  Coninio- 
^ster  replying  to 
ohn  A.  Andrew, 
Fronting  Fan- 
Quincy   Market, 
are  exposed  in 
*U.  S.  Custom 
building  in  Bos- 
)00,  and  its  walls, 
form  of  a  Greek 
ft.  thick  and  32 
ock,  &c.)  in  the 
larves  near  State 
inge,  with  6  long 
flames  advanch)g 
by  a  platoon  of 
p  before  it.  ,  The 
okers,  is  the  part 
d  State  House. 
the  legislature  of 
!twe&'  the  towns- 
volley  was  fired, 
air  was  called  the 


"  Doston  Massacre,"  and  the  soldiers  were  tried  before  the  Colonial  Court 
on  the  charge  of  murder,  and  exonerated.  Opposite  the  Old  State  House 
is  a  magniliceiit  marble  building  in  Venetian  Gothic  architecture,  with  a 
149  ft.  front  on  Court  St.  and  5o  ft.  on  Washington  St.,  which  cost  about 
•S  750,000,  and  is  used  for  bank,  railroad,  and  insurancp  oflices.  Just 
above,  on  Court  S(].,  is  the  heavy  front  of  the  Suffolk  County  Court 
House,  back  of  which,  and  fronting  on  Scliool  St.,  is  the  *  City  Hall,  built 
in  18(52-05.  $160,000  were  appropriated  to  huihl  it,  and  it  cost  really 
more  than  $500,000.  It  is  of  white  Concord  granite,  in  the  Italian 
Renaissance  architecture,  with  138  ft.  front  and  95  ft.  height,  tlie  Louvre 
dome  which  is  the  headquarters  of  the  fire-alarm  being  109  ft.  high.  The 
Council  Chambers  are  very  fine,  as  is  the  whole  interior  arrangement. 
In  front  of  the  City  Hall  is  a  bronze  statue  of  Benjamin  Fran/din,  8 
ft.  high,  on  a  base  of  tvrde  antique  and  granite,  with  historic  bronze  me- 
dallions on  the  sides.  Tiie  artist  was  R.  S.  Greenough,  and  the  means 
of  its  erection  ($  20,000)  were  raised  by  the  people. 

Boiijamin  Franklin  was  born  in  Boston  in  170(5.  He  was  apprenticed  to  his 
biotlior,  a  printer,  but  ran  away  to  Pliiladelphia  in  1723.  There  lie  rose  steadily 
u'.ilil  in  17i>4  he  was  sent  to  England  as  colonial  agent,  wlien,  in  1760,  he  si)ol<e 
before  ulie  House  of  Commons,  and  the  Stamp  Act  was  rejiealed.  Elected  to 
Congress,  he  was  on  the  comniittce  on  tlie  Declaration  of  Independence,  and 
signed  tliat  document.  From  177G  to  1785  he  was  Minister  to  France,  witli  which 
lie  piocurcd  the  treaty  of  alliance  of  177S  wliich  saved  the  Republic.  His  later 
works  were  of  diplomacy  and  philanthropy,  and  he  founded  tlie  Abolition  So- 
rietv.  He  invented  the  liarmonica,  and  the  Franklin  stove  ;  and  in  17r)2  found 
the  identity  of  lightning  and  the  electric  fluid  by  means  of  a  kite.  His  scientific 
labiins  won  him  high  honor  in  Europe. 

Opposite  the  City  Hall  is  the  Parker  House,  and  to  the  right  is  King's 
Chapel.    Here  also  is  the  statue  of  Major  Quincy. 

On  Washington  St.  (corner  of  Milk  St.)  stands  the  Old  South  Church, 
the  shrine  of  Boston.  It  was  built  in  1729,  on  the  site  of  a  cedar- 
wood  church  which  had  been  built  in  '1G69.  The  exciting  meetings  of 
the  people  in  the  late  colonial  days  were  held  here,  and  thence  marched 
tlie  disguised  men  to  the  attack  on  the  tea  .ships  (Dec.  13th,  1773).  In 
1775  the  pews  were  removed,  and  a  riding-school  for  the  British  cavalry 
was  here  formed,  the  interior  being  well  packed  with  gravel,  and  a  liquor 
saloon  being  placed  in  one  of  the  galleries.  The  church  was  restored  in 
17S2,  and  contained  ^until  1873)  two  galleries,  many  s<|uare  "pues  on  ye 
lower  flore,"  and  a  pulpit  overarched  by  a  sounding-board.  Externally  it 
was  plain,  with  a  high  spire,  and  a  clock.  "  More  eyes  are  upturned  to 
its  clock  daily  than  to  any  other  timekeeper  in  New  England."  Fmnklin 
was  baptized  here  (in  the  older  church) ;  Whitefield  has  preachea  here  ; 
for  one  hundred  and  sixty  years  the  election  sermons  (before  the  legisla- 
ture, council,  and  govenior)  have  been  delivered  here  ;  it  was  saved,  by 
deathless  lieroism,  from  the  Great  Fire  ;  and  in  June,  1870,  the  society 
which  owned  this  venerable  building  took  the  extraordinary  step  of 


I ;  ■  I 


12     Itmde  1, 


BOSTON. 


i 


I 


t 


selling  it  at  auction.  The  building  is  novr  owned  by  a  patriotic  associa- 
tion, and  contains  a  rare  museum  of  curiosities. 

TJje  •U.  8.  Poafc-Ofla^e  extends  from  Milk  St.  to  Water  St.,  and  has  a 
front  of  200  ft.  on  Devonshire  St.  It  is  built  of  Cape-Ann  granite,  in 
Mr.  Mullet's  Renaissance  architecture,  with  an  immense  Mansard  roof 
and  corner  pavilions.  Its  great  size,  and  the  fineness  of  the  materials, 
render  this  an  imposing  building.  Tiie  fiont  on  Milk  St.  was  so  mucli 
cracked  and  injured  in  the  Great  Fire  (against  which  the  structure  wag 
well  defended),  tliat  much  of  it  had  to  be  rebuilt.  On  the  second  floor  is 
the  U.  8.  Treasury,  occupying  a  richly  adorned  hall  (open  from  10  to  2), 
50  ft.  high,  with  8  large  chandeliers.  The  adjacent  safe  usually  contains 
$  14-20,000,000  in  coin  and  treasury-notes.  In  the  corridor  are  sets  of 
coast-survey  and  postal-route  maps.  The  extension  of  this  building  to 
Post-Office  Square  is 

220  ft.  long  and  102  ft.  high,  with  side  towers  132  ft.  high,  and  a  central 
tower  190  ft.  high,  overarching  the  lofty  main  entrance  and  adorned  with 
statuary.  This  extension  will  necessarily  harmonize  with  the  older  part 
of  tlie  building,  though  in  richer  and  more  picturestpie  architecture. 

Since  the  Great  Fire  of  1872  over  $  100,000,000  have  been  spent  in  re- 
building the  burnt  district,  resulting  in  an  architectural  display  which  is 
probably  unsurpassed  in  America.  Large  structures  of  harmonious  de- 
sign and  adnarable  taste  have  been  erected,  with  beautiful  combinations 
of  various  colored  stones,  and  costly  practical  appliances  for  business  and 
security. 

The  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company  of  New  York  has  a  superb 
building  on  Post-Office  Square,  which  has  been  built  of  Tuckahoe  mar- 
ble, at  a  cost  of  $  900,000.  It  has  63^  ft.  of  frontage  on  the  square,  and 
127  ft.  on  Pearl  St.  ;  and  is  provided  with  massive  vaults,  three  elevators, 
brick-arched  floors,  and  iron  sashes  and  shutters.  It  is  absolutely  fire- 
proof. The  architecture  is  in  modern  French  detail ;  and  the  chief  orna- 
ment of  the  buihling  is  a  graceful  and  richly  carved  white-marble  tower 
130  ft.  high,  containing  an  alarm  bell  and  adorned  with  a  brass  railing. 

The  New-England  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company  has  a  stately 
building,  adjoining  the  before-mentioned,  with  a  frontage  of  50  ft.  on 
Post-Ottlce  Square,  and  181  ft.  on  Congress  St.  It  is  of  Concord  granite, 
7  stories  high,  with  brick-arched  floors  and  elevators.  Tlie  basement 
contains  the  impregnable  vaults  of  the  Boston  Safe-Deposit  Company ; 
the  first  floor  is  occupied  by  three  banks  ;  the  second  floor  by  the  New- 
England  Mutual  Life  Ins.  Co.  ;  and  the  remainder  by  miscellaneous  ofii- 
ces.  The  architecture  is  Renaissance,  and  the  Mansanl  roof  contains  two 
stories.  A  group  of  colossal  allegorical  statues  crowns  the  main  fa9ade. 
This  great  edifice  (with  its  land)  cost  nearly  $1,000,000. 

The  Equitable  Life  Assurance  Society  has  an  immense  building  at 


T^'i 


BOSTON. 


Route  1.     VI  a. 


atriotic  associa- 

r  St.,  and  has  a 
knn  granite,  in 
5  Mansard  roof 
r  the  materials, 
t.  was  so  mucli 
3  structure  was 
e  second  floor  is 
n  from  10  to  2), 
isually  contains 
idor  are  sets  of 
this  building  to 

;h,  and  a  central 
id  adorned  with 
1  the  older  part 
•chitectiire. 
leen  spent  in  re- 
lisplay  which  is 
harmonious  de- 
ul  combinations 
for  business  and 

has  a  superb 
Puckahoe  mar- 
the  square,  and 
three  elevators, 
absolutely  fire- 
the  chief  orna- 
te-marble tower 
brass  railing, 
ly  has  a  stately 
ige  of  r)0  ft.  oil 
,'oncord  granite, 

Tlie  basement 
(osit  Company  ; 
lor  by  the  New- 
scellaneous  ofR- 
)of  contains  two 
le  main  fa9ade. 

bnse  building  at 


the  corner  of  Federal  and  Milk  Sts.,  opposite  the  Post-Office,  on  the  site 
of  Robert  Treat  Paine's  house.  It  is  of  Quincy  and  Hallowell  granite, 
oil  jioiiderous  brick  walls,  with  impervious  concrete  floors,  brick  parti- 
tions, and  an  iron  roof.  Ingeniously  guarded  safe-deposit  vaults  occxipy 
the  basements,  banks  and  oflices  the  main  building,  and  its  far-viewing  up- 
per stories.  There  are  7  stories 
nhove  the  basements,  with  three  elevators,  and  marble  stairways  and  cor- 
riilors.  This  company  has  risks  amounting  to  $  180,000,000.  Passes  are 
given  to  the  roof,  whence  is  obtained  a  superb  view  of  the  harbor  and  en- 
virons. 

Tlie  Rialto  Building  (comer  of  Devonshire  and  Milk  Sts.),  the  Sim- 
mons Building  (Congress  and  Water  Sts.),  and  many  other  commercial 
palaces  in  this  quarter  will  attract  admiration.  Devonshire  Si.  runs  from 
the  Post-Office  by  several  imposing  structures  to  Winthrop  Square,  on 
which  fronts  the  higiilv  ornate  Cathedral  Building^  which  was  burned  out 
in  December,  187J>,  with  a  vast  number  of  books. 

On  tlie  site  of  this  edifice  stood  the  ancient  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross,  the 
scene  of  the  labors  of  Bisliop  Cheverus  (afterwards  Cardinal  and  Archbislioi*  of 
Bordeaux)  and  Bishop  Feuwick.  It  was  a  great  building  in  Ionic  architecture,  de- 
sitriied  Ity  BuUinch.  The  first  Puritan  cliuich  in  Boston  was  built  in  1032,  at  tlie 
coiner  ol' State  and  Devonshire  Sts.  ;  and  on  the  corner  of  P'ederul  and  Franklin 
Sts.  was  the  church  which  was  established  by  the  Presbyterians,  and  in  which 
Belknap,  Channing,  and  Gannett  preached. 

The  visitor  should  also  notice  the  super!)  Gothic  building  of  white  and 
black  marble,  extending  along  Franklin  St.  from  Devonshire  St.  to  Arch 
St.,  and  pertaining  to  the  Sears  Estate.  The  Franklin  and  Brewer  Build- 
iiifis,  and  others  in  this  vicinity,  are  worthy  of  close  inspection.  The 
wholesale  book  and  paper  trade  has  settled  near  Franklin  St.,  up  to 
Washington  St.,  and  in  the  adjacent  Hawley  St.  Pearl  St.  and  parts  of 
Congress  and  High  Sts.  are  famous  all  over  the  Union  as  the  great  centre 
of  the  boot  and  shoe  trade.  The  wholesale  dry-goods  and  millinery 
establishments  are  mostly  on  or  near  Summer  St.  The  large  shij)ping- 
houses  are  on  and  near  the  new  and  commodious  water-front  highway  of 
Atlantic  Avenice. 

Washington  St.  is  the  main  thoroughfare  of  Boston.  On  and  near  its 
line,  between  State  and  Franklin  Sts.,  are  the  chief  newspaper-offices  and 
railroad-agencies.  The  Daily  Advertiser  and  Record  occupy  the  hand- 
some marble-front  building,  24G  and  248  Washington  St.  The  Advertiser 
is  known  everywhere,  and  in  its  handsome  8-page  form,  with  its  literary, 
commercial,  financial,  shipping,  and  other  features  it  is  indispensable  to 
the  counting-room,  banking  institution,  and  family.  The  Record,  now  in 
its  fourth  year,  has  a  daily  circulation  of  40,000,  and  is  a  compact,  spicy, 
4page  penny  paper,  which  on  Saturday  Is  issued  in  8-page  form.  At  the 
corner  of  Milk  St.  is  the  venerable  Old  South  Church,  opposite  the  Tran- 
Hiipt  Building  and  the  Post  Building  (on  whose  site  Benjamin  Franklin 
was  born).  Winter  St.  diverges  to  the  r.,  and  is  the  headquarters  of  the 
retail  trade  in  dry-goods  and  millinery,  and  a  favorite  shopping-place.    Be- 


I 


i 


Q     t\ 


i    •  f 


1 1 


I 


r 


'•1,1 
■  '  1 


12  b.     Route  1. 


BOSTON. 


yond  West  St.  are    the  cliief  theatres,   with  several   large  new 

commercial  buildings  of  attractive  architecture.  lieyond  Boylstoii 
St.  Washington  St.  passes  on  into  the  South  End,  growing  wider 
and  fitraighter  as  it  emerges  from  tiie  older  part  of  the  city.  The  di- 
verging streets  are  lined  with  residences,  and  dotted  with  churches  and 
schools. 

The  new  St.  James'  Chnrob  (Roman  Catholic)  is  on  Harrison  Ave., 
and  is  in  Romanesciue  architecture.     Tlie  interior  is  in  the  purest  form 
of  a  classical  l)asilica,  the  clerestory  (reserved  for  the  clergy)  being  up- 
held by  16  tall  columns  of  Aberdeen  granite.     There  are  3  altars  of  white 
marble  ;  and  tlic  chancel-windows  are  of  rich  stained  glass.     The  frescos 
represent  scenes  from  the  life  of  St.  James.    The  church  is  175  ft.  long  and 
75  ft.  wide.     The  new  Church  of  the  Holy  Tnnity  is  on  Shawmut  Ave., 
and  is  of  stone,  in  Gothic  architecture,  with  a  lofty  and  graceful  spire. 
The  Hollis-St.  Church  (Unitarian)  is  an  antiquated  structure  occupy- 
ing the  place  of  a  still  older  church  (built  '-v.  1732).     Among  the  clergy- 
men of  this  society  were  Byles,  West,  Holley,  I'ierpont,  and  Starr  Kiii^. 
The  church  building  was  abandoned  in  1883,  and  remodelled  into  a  theatre. 
From   Boylston    MarlvCt    Buylston   St.  runs  out   past   the   Common, 
At  the  corner  of  Treniont  St.,  and  facing  tlie   Common,  is  the  great 
Masonio  Temple,  built  18U4-67.    Tlie  iirst  Masonic  Lodge  in  Apnerica  met 
in  Boston  in  1733,  since  when  the  order  has  steadily  grown,  save  during 
the  days  of  the  Anti- Masonic  party.    The  Temple  is  a  lofty  edifice  of 
granite,  built  in  such  forms  of  mediaeval  architecture  as  "  to  suggest  the 
most  effective  poetical  and  historical  associations  connected  with  the  Ma- 
sonic institution."  The  interior  contains  Corinthian,  Egyptian,  and  Gothic 
Halls,  besides  banqueting-rooms,  &c.     Opposite  the  Temple  is  the  large 
nnd  elegant  Hotel  Boylston  (suites  of  rooms  for  permanent  dwellers),  in 
the  Italian-Gothic  style.     The  lofty  brownstone  building  of  the  Hotel 
Pelham  is  on  the  opposite  corner,  next  door  to  which  is  the  *  Boston  Pub- 
lic Library,  in  a  so-called  fire-proof  building  of  brick  and  sandstone. 
Tliis  Library  contains  450,000  volumes,  and  300,000  pamphlets,  and  is  the 
largest  in  America,  except  the  Library  of  Congress.     The  Lower  Hall  is 
devoted  to  popular  books  and  a  reading-room,  while  the  noble  Bates  Hall, 
above,  is  leserved  for  more  substantial  works.    All  these  rooms  are  open 
to  the  public,  and  any  one  can  take  books  and  read  there,  though  only  resi- 
dents of  the  city  can  take  books  from  the  building.    The  walls  of  the  rooms 
are  covered  with  pictures,  which  form  part  of  the  collection  of  engravings 
formerly  owned  by  Cardinal  Tosti.    The  publishinff-honse  of  Ticknor  & 
Co.  occupies  the  fine  granite  building  next  to  the  Pelham,  at  211  Tremont 
St.,  with  the  offices  of  the  Heliotype  Printing  Co.  and  The  American 
Architect* 


BOSTON. 


HoiUe  I. 


13 


The  Tremont'Sf.  side  of  (he  rommnn  Is  fronted  by  many  bri,<,'ht 
.shops,  the  musical  hoadqiinrtors  of  "Piano  Uow,"  and  a  porpctiial 
prccossinn  of  flow  horse-oars.  N^ar  the  corner  of  Tremont  and  Winter 
Sts.  is  St.  Paul's  Episcopal  Cliurch,  of  gray  granite,  with  6  columns 
of  Potomac  sandstone  upholding  n  classic  pediment.  Near  this,  at  the 
forner  of  Park  8t.  (formerly  called  Brimstone  Corner),  is  Park-Street 
Church,  an  old  Puritan  meeting-house,  the  citadel  and  stronghold  of 
Orthodoxy.  Adjoining  the  Church  is  the  Old  Granary  Buryinf/-Crnujid, 
wliore  are  buried  Governor  IJcllingham  (died  1673)  and  8  other  colonial 
and  State  governors,  2  signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence, 
6  fiunous  divines,  Peter  Faneuil,  who  gave  (he  Hall  to  Boston.  Paul 
Ki'vcre,  the  Revolutionary  hero,  Chief  Justice  Samuel  Sewall,  Johu 
Hancock  (see  Quinc}'),  and  Samuel  Adams. 

Samuel  Adams,  bom  at  Boston  in  1722,  was  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  people  in 
the  ii;,'itation3  of  1704  -  75,  and  was  proscribed  by  the  royal  goveriimeut.  In  1709 
lie  advocated  the  indepetidence  ot  ^imeriea,  and  during  the  Revolution  directed 
Ulc  measures  of  Congress  in  the  Northern  war.  "  Though  poor,  Samuel  Adams 
possessed  a  lofty  and  incorruptible  spirit,  was  pure  in  morals,  and  grave  and  austere 
in  iii;mner,  though  warm  in  his  feelings.  As  a  speaker,  lie  was  pure,  concise, 
liij;i(!al,  and  impressive  ;  and  the  energy  of  his  diction  was  not  inferior  to  the 
str('ii,'th  of  his  mind."  The  State  ha.^  placed  his  statue  in  the  Capitol  at  Wash- 
ington. A  granite  pyramid  is  over  the  remains  of  Franklin's  parents.  Alongside 
I  the  gate,  on  the  right,  is  the  grave  of  Wendell  Phillipi^  often  adorned  with  Uowers. 

Opposite  the  Clmrch,  beyond  the  Phillips  Building  and  Epi.scopal  head- 
Iquaitorson  Hamilton  Place,  is  seen  the  plain  wall  of  Music  Hall.     The 
entrances  are  from  15  Winter  St.  and  from  the  foot  of  Hamilton  Place. 
This  is  one  of  the  most  elegant  and  well-arranged  halls  in  America,  and  has 
rare  acoustic  properties.     In  this  hall  .stood  the  largest  organ  in  the  Now 
World,  containing  5,474  pipes  and  84  complete  regi-sters,  and  encased 
in  an  elegant  frame,   with  a  colossal  statue  of  Beethoven  in  the  fore- 
ground.    The  organ  was    built   by   Ilerr  Walcker,   of    Ludwigsburg, 
18.57-63,  at  a  cost  of  $60,000.     It  was  taken  t'.owu  in  1884,  and  care- 
fully stored  away.     Farther  along  Tremont  St.,  on  the  right,  is  the 
elegant  white  granite  building  of  the  Horticultural  Hall,  with  a  many- 
tohiinned  front,  — Doric  in  the  first  story,  Ionic  in  the  second,  and  Corin- 
ItliLin  in  the  third.    The  rich  cornice  is  surnioiuited  by  a  colossal  Ceres,  a 
I  copy  from  the  ancient  statue  in  the  Vatican ;  while  on  piers,  at  the  cor- 
Itiers  of  the  second  story,  are  statues  of  Flora  and  Pomona.     Fairs,  floral 
Isliows,  and  lectures  are  held  in  the  spacious  halls  above.     Alongside  the 
|llall  is  the  Studio  Building,  the  home  of  many  local  artists. 

Tremont  Temple  comes  next,  with  a  plain  Palladian  front,  and  a  great 
I  hall,  which  is  used  on  Sunday  by  a  Baptist  church,  and  during  the  week 
Ifor  lectures,  readings,  etc.  On  the  same  side  of  the  street  is  King's 
IChapel,  built  in  1754,  by  the  Episcopalians,  on  the  site  of  the  first  church 
I  of  that  aect  in  Boston  (built  1689).    King's  Chapel  was  deserted  by  its 


ill 


V', 


14       Jicmte  I. 


BOSTON. 


people  when  Gage  and  the  Loyalists  left  the  town,  and  was  occupied  by 
the  Old  Souvh  Society.  At  a  later  day,  influenced  by  their  rector,  lli-v. 
James  Freeman,  the  few  remaining  churchmen  revised  their  liturgy,  strik- 
ing out  all  Triuitariahism,  and  formed  themselves  into  the  first  Unituri.in 
church  in  Boston.  Next  to  this  Church  is  the  burying-ground  used  hy 
the  Puritani  from  1630  onward.  Isaac  Jolinson,  **  The  Father  of  Bos 
ton,"  was  buried  here  ere  the  first  year  of  the  settlement  was  endutl. 
About  him  his  people  were  buried  for  many  years.  In  one  tomb  is  Gov. 
ernor  JohnWiuthrop,  and  his  two  sons,  who  were  governors  of  Connecticut. 

John  Wlnthrop,  a  pious  Idwyer  of  Suffolk,  led  a  colony  to  Salom  In  1630.  He 
moved  his  people  to  Boston  and  built  up  thut  pluce,  where  he  ruled  us  Governur 
of  Massachusetts,  1030-34,  1037-40,  1042-44, 1040-49.  lie  wasnn  amiable  j;tn- 
tieinan,  a  firm  ruler,  and  a  believer  in  moderate  aristocratic;  principles,  stating  in 
liis  letter  to  the  peoi)le  of  Connecticut,  thut  "  the  best  part  of  a  coinniuiiily  id 
always  the  least,  and  of  that  pail  the  wiser  are  still  less. 

Other  noted  Puritans  are  buried  here,  and  in  the  church  are  monuments 
to  the  families  of    Apthorp,  Shirley,  and  Vassall. 

Beyond  the  cemetery  is  a  granite  building,  partly  occupied  by  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  which  has  a  library  of  30,000  books, 
and  800  volumes  of  MSS.  Many  ancient  portraits  (Increase  Mather, 
Sebastian  Cabot,  &c.)  adorn  the  walls,  w'  ile  relics  of  Washington  ainl 
the  Puritan  governors,  ahd  of  King  Philip,  the  chair  of  Winslow,  tlie 
swords  of  Church  and  of  Governor  Carver,  are  carefully  preserved  here. 
The  New  England  Historic-Genealogical  Society  (18  Somerset  St.)  has  a 
tine  library,  and  a  small  colled  jn  of  curiosities. 

Tlie  Congregational-Club  rooms  and  Pilgrim  Hall  are  at  the  comer  of 
Beacon  and  Somerset  Sts.  The  Von'jrerjatinnal  Library  is  here,  in  the 
lire-proof  Hitchcock  Hall,  and  lias  30,000  volumes  and  130,000  paw- 
phlets,  with  numerous  portraits  of  ancient  divines.  The  American  Boanl 
of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions  also  has  its  offices  and  museum 
in  the  Congregational  House.  The  New>Church  Union  has  a  librarv 
and  reading-room  at  No.  169  Tremont  St. ;  and  the  Episcopal  Chunii 
Association  is  at  5  Hamilton  Place.  The  Methodist  headquarters  u 
at  38  BromHeld  St.;  the  American  Unitarian  Association,  25  Beacon 
St;  and  the  Baptist  societies  at  Tremont  Temple.  The  General  Tlioo. 
logical  Library  (9  Somerset  St.)  and  the  old  Boston  Library  (18 1 
Boylston  Place)  are  much  used,  and  the  reading-rooms  of  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  (Berkeley  and  Boylston  Sts.)  and  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Union  (No.  20  Boylston  St.)  are  pleasant,  and  freely 
open.  The  British,  Irish,  Scotch,  Germans,  and  Italians  have  be- 
nevolent societies.  In  Boston  there  are  30  lodges,  8  chapters,  and  f) 
ccmimanderies  of  Masons,  37  lodges  and  10  encampments  of  Odd  I'tl- 
lows,  15  divisions  of  Sons  of  Temperance,  9  Temples  of  Honor, 
13  lodges  of  Guod  Templars,    11   posts   of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 


was  occupied  by 
heir  rector,  Rev. 
eir  litvirgy,  strik- 
le  first  Unitarian 
5-ground  used  by 
e  Fatlier  of  Bos 
nent  was  ended. 
Dnc  tomb  is  Gov. 
rs  of  Connecticut. 

alom  in  1G30.  He 
ruled  as  Governor 
vas  an  amiable  ni'ii- 
riuciidcs,  statint,'  in 
of  a  couunuiaty  U 

;h  are  monuments 

occupied  by  the 
yr  of  30,000  books, 
[Increase  Mather, 
'  Washington  and 

of  Winslow,  tlie 
ly  preserved  here. 
merset  St.)  has  a 

at  the  corner  of 

'1/  is  here,  in  the 

and  130,000  pani- 

e  American  Boanl 

ices  and  museum 

on  has  a  library 

Episcopal  Chunli 

lieadquarters  is 

iation,  25  Beacon 

le  General  Tbic- 

ston    Library   (18 

ms  of  the  Young 

s.)  and  the  Young 

asant,  and  freely 

talians    have   be- 

B  cliapters,  and  C 

lents  of  Odd  Itl- 

niples    of  Honor, 

,ud  Army  of  the 


r 


if^ 


\ 


n  I'  ■  T 1 1 11 T  u  <■ 


r.-^  •wZ'^sfc'/.' 


^-i    ^LV  '-  J.iu 


.'*» 


•^-MU^fPf'' 


1 /iCfc., 


!■    I)    I.   I'    M    n    I'   «  TaV   K  ♦(    1      K 


tO«/ 


A>  /?•>', 


m 


j:^^. 


*  Aim  ■ 


5  -  I'' 


»■"•. 


jj^sJJJMmi^ 


k 


\ir 


X 


'» *^l^\.\, 


New  Map  of  Bo^ 

"WITH  SQUARES   AND  NVIMBE 

APT|«    rwr 

baedekek  plan 


New  Map  of  Boston. 

WITH  a^UARCS  AND  NVIMBEKb. 

AFTf«    TNf 

BAHDHKBR  PLAM 


K 


M 


iVMK  lUIMtm*. 

M.  Ohm*  Mmw 


V 

(WlM«   //mm. 

AM*  //<w« 
O/r  //«// 
(>o'r  //.<•./ 
.V<4m/  itmmiHtt 

Wtli'  t>ip*tlmm 

SfH  Amm. 


It  _   

1 1  /WA>  Oontf 

14.  /'/»r  ^ar* 

1 1  C*A#«/rr  .1fMr# 

IV  /.VfA  -Sfm^ff 

to  f^4mkltit  \fm4't 

■  I  ff4jnm-lftl/  .Vy*4r« 

•  I.  l^mitmrg  Si*4ft 

14  /'«r4  .V^Mr/, 

•  ).  Ftmtttl4n  Sfit*ri 
ftll   Ofiil   .Vf».l» 


•7 


•<     Wimlknf  .VfMr>. 


o 

M 
H  I 
I..  M 

H. 

r 

A.  •. 
O. 
I. 


r 

K 

r 

A.  I. 

R 
H 

A 
H. 

N. 

I. 

r. 
I 

K. 
H 
H 
H. 
(i 


":| 


RAimuAlt    ■TAnilMt 

I'j    4tt4mf.  F    7 

JO    B*lltrn.  I.   J 

II     flliUtin.  L   ). 
]i      /.MM//.                               H.    I.    J 

)J     jl/</w  I     4 
J4    *    K  *•  ;V»»  ifv 

ItmJ  >1    7 

jt    CM/  CtUnf'  f    7 

,l<^    /'^Hn^tm*.  B.  J. 

J  7    y^*/*'  j7/mA  h.  7 


Haflu. 

yf.  Amtnt^n. 

40.  firumwitk. 
41     CUri»dlt 

41.  C«MMo«m<i/M 

4J,  Crawftrit 

44.  CVrifVvff. 

4)  .U    IVnh/. 

46  Milr^'faMmn. 

41.  A'^m  Mi'lt*" 

49   yw*/ 

JO.  KtVtfl. 

J I  maMn^. 

J  t  Tnmtnl. 

J  J  6'««i/  .V/j/'/i 

)4  VtnJfmi 
55     K.««<| 

IMIAIIil^    AND    HALM 


I).  4 

c  «. 

A  « 

H.  5 

e  « 

0.  6 

I)  7 

K  « 

(1.  5 

H.  5 

H.  4 

Q.  4 

D  4 

H  5 


56.  BtUon    Tkt-itri 

57.  Park   Tkttlri 
58    C/W/   /»/»/>•» 

60  Muiium    Tkt4tTi, 
61.  W%nt<ffl '"'""■ 

61  Hnrard  AthtmtHm. 
tt\  BayittCH  .t/WirMM. 

64.  .Vn/K  //j// 

65.  Tfimtnl   Ttmftt  , 
//»r/i.»AWrj/  //u// 
Ain/m/  //j// 
H'fufyitn  Hatl 
ffAmtfwne  ftihrmt 
Parki*  Mfmitrial 
Paint  Mtmttndt 
7),riUu/lt. 


H    5 

I'    7 


6H 
»7 
<>« 
69 
70 
71 
71 


MUStl'Mk   AND  ^liluaiU. 


;  (.  Mut/um  i>/  /)ii/  ArU. 

C.  D.  4. 
;4.  Mutnm  1/  yaluraJ 

Hllltry  D.  4 

75.  OiU  .SmM.  O.  s 

76.  Wa'Tin  Mtntum  i\W. 

Iltttury.  r.   4. 

77.  SlhJit  BmUint.  O.  5 
7)1    f/r»  SifUnJ  Ctiurr- 

fj/fin  fff  Afmstt.  B    7 

79     yi,M,    llttapy  V    5. 

Ho     /*ii*/j»    i.i^ary,  CharUl- 

lawn.  K.   a. 

."fl .    Mfrtiintile   l.tirary.  B.    6. 

Ml.    /.fM/if«/MM.  G.   5. 

J)  Grn  Htclpgi^al  Lit.  F  5 
84.  JVfwKng.  Hisl.  Gnual.  C.  4 
H5.  Mati  lliilmtit  &».  H.  II. 
R6.    Congrtgahtinat  Lib.       G    5. 

Nrw^rAi'tR.  onicKs. 

87.  Advertiser. 

88.  (;/<'i»>. 

89.  ^CM/./. 

90.  Journal 

9 1 .  /W/. 
91.    Tramcrift  G.   5.  6. 
93.    Traveller.  H,   5 


H.  s. 

g:  I: 


rHI'KCHti.    KTC. 


94.  First  Spiritual  Temple.  C.  4. 

95.  Ctarenit,n  St.  flaftist.  C  6. 
96  Wl^/-«  Ave  Baptist.  C.  5. 
97.  Berkeley  St  Ci'nxreg.  D.  6. 
9S  Central  Cangteg.  I).  4. 
99  Aft.  i't  rncn  Cimgreg    G.  4.  5. 

100  New  OU  Sautk.  C.  4. 

101  Park  St.  Cifngreg.  G.  j, 
101  ..v^iittwu/  Cteigreg.  B.  6. 


■•|.  /^*.  4  I  ^11"^ 

•  H  (A'a/  Mpiit-ftI 

i«4  '''«ni/  Hiinef*! 

1*4  Hmamut  Kfu^tftL 

laj  .>   .l/art'i  A^kM^ 

l«i  I/#IM<|4     hp*<'*04i 
l«f.      ./     /'<ltf/*t     hptU'f44 

II*  />i<n/y  Mmiitfl 

III  later n4ell    MHlU^U 
III 


1. 

r 

K 
B. 
H. 
I> 
II 

u. 
(i. 

'V.'^/>r    Hell»tl,l  I) 

III.    I'tem^nt  ^/   M'ike-aitl  M. 

114.    'i'>/  Preikilteian  IJ. 

♦«,    i^«|    lalln4r»4  C 

>/./>    /Vina  II 

ImmntmMN  t'tm.efham  H. 

t/  /.Mwi  Am    '«4  F. 

W   A/iiT''  Aia    '  •««  i. 


"1 
lit. 

III. 

Hi 

419 
tl« 

III  Itrtrfi  ili>  J 

III  nm  Bafttii 

llj  Clarte  I     1)1    I    r  I 

114  In/   (AMMfMIt 

iil<  V««'i  I  In  K,R.) 
Ill    Vf/ti'St    I'l 
HI.   TiV  t*i^/ 
Itl.  .Uianit  l/mfarta 

.kn4*nk*rpan 
Or    Mtiur-, 
rinwK  (/mi. 

■♦«w»  Uml  An'm 


119 

I  JO, 

i|' 
')< 
>iJ 

'14 

lis 

•J» 

1 17 
ijH 
IM 


'aitgreg    BniiMng 
XftUfiftl  Atl'n. 
Wi.teM  ItnlUing 

*  M.  C-  Autihi/iin. 

'  jr.  c  6'wM 

/    If  C  AllatioMM 


M««»ir*U  AND  IMAHITIM. 

MO    Mail     Gen    llt,f,ul.  () 

141     i.YO  Itupit.il  A. 

l«l     flfUkr.'fatlii,  Heifilal  A. 

I4J    RfianJ  K.tr  ll,<,fj,l  F 

144    Ssiteri  .'/  ('^.I'lry,  B. 

145.  CkiUren'i  .Ifmnn  E. 

rAr*    OM  /Mk>i'   /^~-  r 

Hy     .^,V.(    .I/ZK.       //^X/.  \ 

14a.  £i/>/<  Ifun.lertri'  /fame.  I 

149    OUn/c  Bmrnu  H. 

i;o    0/>/  ^rtfwufi  G    ). 

151    CjM'f  //i//  K.  4. 

ita.  Kiifi  Chapel  G  H.  ). 
15].  Cmml.  t.  5. 

154.  &iiM.  r   7. 

155.  OU  ClurUifmn.  K.  1. 

lOUCATIONAL. 

15A.  Bailtn  ilmvertity  G.  5. 

157  luttM*  al  Tetlin*logy  I)    4 

158  BtltH  Callege  B.  7 
159.  Htn>ar,l  Mel  .1,11x1  C.  4. 
|6«.  Bnghsk  High  anJ 

High  .':./iMl'  ~    ■ 


161  Girit'  Huh  Sihaal 

161  Chaieney  Mall 

l6j.  Nttre-liatete 

Cl.l.'«    HOU<tk!i 

164.  AJalta  CM 

165.  /fjiWo  /<'/  Cluh 
166  Central. 

i«7  ^.  Batalfh 

t&A  Stmertit. 

I  (>9  Snifalk. 

1 70  Temple. 

1 7 1  l/ntan. 

I7«  ^^ItJt'l    ^MA 

17,1  H'lfMiin'i 

174  Maianie    Temple. 


I)     4     S 


l^l 

?•'■ 
0.  J. 

F..  4. 

C.  5 

K.  5. 


17)     OlU  telljvii    lltll.  C.   D.  «. 


MilNI'MINTl. 

i;t.  Bunker  Hill 

17;.  Saltlters". 

l^t.  Chatl/'timii  ."^'/.tieri 

17V.  EmamipaAtm 

iSa'.  Sumner. 

181. 

18a. 

I  Si  Evtrrf 

•84.  Htraie  Mann 

18..  ffamilton. 
l«ft.  Wehler. 
18'  Glover 
IM.v  AitttiJes 
IS.  Co/nai^iM. 

19.1.  Iftlj4i>|f/i"( 
19  .  Elker. 

Harr'arU. 


Quinty. 
Franklin. 


y 

5 

5- 
5 
F     I 


"i 


19  . 
191 
19,. 
>»' 
i»r. 
'♦'• 


MIW'Ktl.ANBOUH. 

01.1  State  llnse 
t-.'^utlahle  liutUing. 
Sears  [luiUint;, 
Simmifns  flui.'Jing 
Merchdnti'  E.\thange. 
Sttfth  F.xthange. 
Bnltton  Market 
Quints  Market  H 

Mail.  Char.  .Vr.li. 

AsstKiatton. 
M    F.   ,V.  i^  .M 

F.xkil'itian  BuiUing. 
Athletii  l.:rciin,is.  (' 
Winslmi's  Sl-aljng 

Hinh 
Batton    Storage 

Warehinne. 
Ca.lets'  .4rm,'ry. 
Jewish    'I'emplt, 
Chilttren's  Hospital. 
Chickering  Hall. 
Puritan  Ciui. 


0.5. 
D,  4' 

r.  4. 

r  4 . 

K    4 

K    4. 
K.   I. 


H 


G.  6. 

S 


H 
II 
H 

H.  5 
K.  6 
I    5 


H.   4 

.■\     4. 


D.  5. 


.(  m\ 


^-4 


bpublic,  15  lodges  o| 
ri  (Oennans). 
|0n  Troniojit,  near 

cts.)  where,    in 

lown,  embracing  cuil 

|(>.  scores  of  portrai 

:•. ),  and  Sully's  greal] 

ISoston  Common. 

m:,'l!t  IVoiii  J31;ickst()iie 
:()iiists  for  a  training-;? 
|ni'(iii)y  portions  of  it 
)  iinl  tjctween  Park,  Bi 
'11,  in  1822,  when  the 
iiiicnt  tlie  power  of  al 
bo  si'voral  jjcrsons  wen 
Jiiilrcil  and  fifty  years  a: 
iiniiT  of  1G7(>  many  sc 
iiv,  among  whom  was  tl 
|i-  'liy,  anil  their  heads  a 
Js  tiim",  (1675)  tlie  travel 
Bii,  where  tlie  Gallant; 
lams,  till  the  bell  at 
I,  iinilor  the  Old  Elm 
Is  slionld  be  denied  Cli 
Jiki'.    If  the  duel  was  no 
jur  Willi  a  rope  about  tiv 
kvdlctl  code  of  honor  j'as 
lor„'fi  Wliitcfield  preach 
luin,'  tlie  American  sieg 
i;iiii  Tree,  which  drew 
military  executions  we 
i  (•iiraiiij)ed  here,  and  S( 
"1  fimce.     In  1836  the 
111'  I'xrliiik'd.     In  the  day 
fl  ill  the  Great  Fire  of  It 
ills  and  on  the  lawus. 

lioston  Common  con 

Ible  trei'^      No  carriaj 

Itli  people  on  pleasai 

\tely  elms  of  the  Bea 

|(k's.     Near  Park  St.  i 

llished  with  bronze  st 

ta.    Copies  of  this  fo 

Irdeaiix,  and  Alexand 

In,  supplied  from  Co( 

icuL'iaMe  tree  which 

j'cfully  itTcserved  unt 

I'^hajstaff  Hill,  neai 

|iit  lias  been  built,  oi 

I  tlie  four  corners  liei 

!  Navy.     Above  stant 


BOSTON. 


Route  1.       15 


^public,  15  lodges  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  4  lodges  of  the  Haru- 
ri  (Germans). 

lon  Tremoiit,  near  School  St.,  is  the  Boston  Uuseum  (entrance  fee, 

(ts.)  wliere,   in  a  lofty  hall,   a  great  number  of  rare  things  are 

lown  embracing  curiosities  from  all  parts  of  the  world,  casts,  wax-fig- 

ps  scores  of  portraits  of  eminent  Americans  (by  West,  Copley,  Stuart, 

),  and  Sully's  great  picture  of  Washington  crossing  the  Delaware. 

Boston  Common.    When  the  peninsula  of  Shawmut  (now  Boston)  was 

Jii  'lit  lioiii  I31;ickstone  for  £,'M,  in  tlie  year  1034,  this  tract  was  reservetl  by  the 
|()iiists  for  a  training-ground  (parade)  and  pasture.  Every  attempt  since  made 
oiciiiiy  portions  of  it  has  been  repulsed,  except  in  tlie  early  days,  when  the 
) mil  between  Park,  Beacon,  and  Tremont  Sts.  was  taken.  Special  care  was 
^iMi,  in  lS-2-2,  wlien  the  city  was  formed,  to  withhold  from  the  municipal  gov- 
iiiiu'ut  tlie  power  of  alienating  any  part  of  the  Common.  Between  1050  and 
Id  si'veral  iiersons  were  executed  here  on  the  charge  of  witchcraft,  and  for  one 
[iidnMl  and  fifty  years  after  executions  took  place  on  the  Common.  During  the 
tinner  of  107G  many  scores  of  Indians  caught  red-handed  were  put  to  death 
',  among  whom  was  the  insurgent  chief  Matoonus.  Thirty  were  executed  in 
l('  'l  ly,  anil  their  heads  were  fastened  on  stakes  and  left  in  public  places.  About 
time  (1075)  the  traveller  Josseljai  speaks  of  it  as  "  a  small  but  jileasant  Com- 
\)n.  wiiere  the  Gallants,  a  little  before  sunset,  walk  with  their  Marmalet- 
lams,  till  the  bell  at  9  o'clock  rings  them  home.  In  1728  occurred  a  fatal 
1,  iiiidin'  the  Old  Elm,  whereupon  a  law  was  passed,  that  persons  killed  in 
Ills  sliDuUl  be  denied  Christian  burial,  and  should  be  buried  transfixed  with  a 
Jiki'.  I  f  the  duel  was  not  fatal,  both  paities  should  stand  on  the  gallows  one 
liir  with  a  rope  about  their  necks,  and  then  be  imprisoned  for  one  year.  So  the 
k':ille(l  code  of  honor  passed  from  the  social  system  of  Massachusetts.  In  1749 
jiir,'o  Whitetield  preached  to  20,000  persons  in  one  body  on  the  Common. 
11  in ,'  the  American  siege  of  Boston  a  British  fort  was  built  on  the  hill  near 
i;lm  Tree,  which  drew  some  of  Washington's  heavy  shot.  Races,  parades, 
Id  military  executions  were  meanwhile  held  here.  The  garrison  of  tlie  town  in 
i  t'licainiied  here,  and  so  late  as  1830  it  was  a  cow-pasture  enclosed  by  a  two- 
!■  I  fence.  In  18.10  the  present  iron-fence  (1 J  M.  long)  was  built,  and  cattle 
iiv  excluded.  In  the  days  of  the  Rebellion  the  assembling  troops  paraded  here, 
il  ill  the  Great  Fire  of  1872  vast  mounds  of  saved  goods  were  iiiied  along  the 
Ills  and  on  the  lawns. 

Boston  Common  contains  about  48  acres,  and  is  rich  in  lawns  and 

Ible  trc'"-      No  carriages  are  allowed  to  enter,  and  the  walks  are  filled 

Itli  people  on  pleasant  summer  evenings  and  Sundays.      Under  the 

|tely  elms  of  the  Beacon  and  Tremont  St.  Malls  are  favorite  prome- 

|iles.     Near  Park  St.  is  the  Brewer  fountain,  made  in  Paris,  and  em- 

llished  with  bronze  statues  of  Neptune  and  Amphitrite,  Acis  and  Gal- 

fea.    Copies  of  this  fountain  have  been  made  for  the  cities  of  Lyons, 

|rdtvaux,  and  Alexandria  (Egypt).     The  Frog  Pond  has  a  large  foun- 

In,  sn]i]ilied  from  Cochituate  Lake,  and  near  it  stood  the  Old  Ebn, 

liMieralilc  tree  wliicli  antedated  the  foundation  of  the  city,  and  was 

Jefully  [iTcserved  until   Feb.    15,   1876,   when  it   was   blown    down. 

Flaijstaff  Hill,  near  the  place  of  the  Old  Elm,  the  Soldiers'  Monu- 

|iit  has  been  built,  over  90  ft.  high,  with  historical  reliefs,  etc.  ;  and 

the  four  corners  heroic  statues  of  Peace,  History,  the  Army,  and 

Navy.    Above  stand  allegorical  figures,  —  the  North,  South,  East, 


^^ 


•■'' 


; 
'■'i 


16       Route  1. 


BOSTON. 


and  West,  —  and  above  all  a  colossal  America,  resting  on  a  hcniispliert 
guarded  by  four  eagles,  with  the  flag  in  her  left  hand,  and  wreaths  ami  > 
sheathed  sword  in  her  right. 

The  west  part  of  the  Common  is  smooth  and  bare,  ainl  ;• 
reserved  for  a  parade-ground  and  a  ball-ground  for  the  boys. 

Tlie  Fublio  Garden  lies  west  of  the  Common,  and  contains  22  ac 
In  1794,  6  ropewalks  were  built  here,  on  tide-water  flats,  and  nid-t 
the  improvements  have  been   made  during  the   past  15  years.     In 
centre  is  a  beautiful  artificial  seriientine  pond  of  4  acres,  crossed  by  a  M 
bridge.     Near  Beacon  St.  is  a  bronze  statue  of  Everett,  by  Story,  mc^j 
elled  in  Rome  and  cast  in  Munich.     The  monument  to  the  discovery 
anajsthetics  (1868)  is  a  rich  and  beautiful  composition.    *  Venus  rim{ 
from  the  Sea  is  a  lovely  work,  from  above  which,  when  the  waters  jiliTj 
a  fine  spray  falls  about  the  figure,  which  is  sometimes  called  "the  Mail 
of  the  Mist. "    But  the  finest  work  of  the  kind  in  New  England  is  f:| 
colossal  equestrian   *  Statue  of  Washington,  by  Ball,   which   fronts 
Commonwealth  Ave.     The  statue  is  22  ft.    high,   on  a  pedestal  16  f;| 
high.     Tlie  bronze  work  was  done  at  Chicopee,  in  this  State. 

Commonwealth  Ave.  —  which  is  to  be  1|  miles  long  and  is  240  fj 
wide,  with  a  park  hi  the  middle  —  runs  W.  from  the  Public  Garden, 
is  lined  with  fine  mansions.  A  statue  of  Alexander  Hamilton  is  in  til 
park.  Nearly  all  the  land  north  of  Tremont  and  west  of  Arlington  i\ 
has  been  reclaimed  from  the  water,  and  is  now  the  finest  part  of  the  citij 
The  new  streets  are  alphabetically  named,  yet  they  avoid  the  weak  sot 
of  the  upper  New  York  and  Washington  city  streets,  having  sonorous  oil 
English  titles,  — Arlington,  Berkeley,  Clarendon,  Dartmouth,  Exeter.  Ftj 
field,  Gloucester,  &c.  At  the  comer  of  Marlborough  and  Berkeley  Stieij 
is  the  *  rich  and  elegant  building  (with  English  glass,  a  German  orga 
and  an  exquisite  little  cloister)  of  the  First  Churcli  in  Boston  (Uiiitj 
rian).  This  society  dates  from  1630.  Near  by,  on  the  corner  of  Iklij 
ley  and  Newbury  Sts.,  is  tiie  miniature  cathedral  of  the  Central  Cong 
gational  Society.  It  is  of  Roxbury  stone,  in  cruciform  shape,  has  a  stiiij 
spire  240  ft.  high,  and  is  rich  in  lofty,  pointed  windows,  pinnacles,  tlyii 
buttresses,  &c.  It  cost  $  325,000.  In  this  vicinity  is  the  Emanuel  Cliiirj 
(Episcopal)  on  Newbury  St.,  and  the  fine  brownstone  Arlington 
Cliurch  (Unitarian)  witli  its  melodious  chime  of  bells. 

The  *  Museum  of  Natural  History  lias  a  handsome  building  of  M 
and  brownstone,  at  tlie  corner  of  Boylstoii  and  Berkeley  Sts.     The 
terestiiig  collections  of  this  society  are  open  free  to  the  public  IVuiiii 
until  5,  on  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays. 

In  the  entrance-hall  are  fossil  foot-prints  from  the  Connecticut  Valloy,  i 
several  iniineuse  crystals  of  beryl,  from  New  Ilainiishire.     On  the  r.  arc  n"! 
containing  brilliant  collections  of  minerals  ami  ores,  I'avnratily  arranged  fur  sti 
and  inspection.    To  the  1.  of  the  entrance  is  the  library  of  natural  history,  wt" 


J  adorned  with  several 

b(i'n<liii^'  from  tiie  enti 

ifi  ts  (if  tiic  nii'^Mllicriii 

I's-ils,  and  tiie  most  v\ 

\VA  frniii  tlio.se  of  tlus  eli 

lit'  sni.illcst  animals,  v 

lilt  (1)  tlic  liwixi  Jiall  c( 

fditli'il  animals.     'I'lie  \i, 

|iMlr|,:i.s,  and  ccliinodei 

lin-i,  ((int's,  and  nuts  (> 

I  'J  lie  first  tier  of  frailer! 

DkHs  and  cnistacea,  hir 

lii'iiicts.     The  second  t 

leiiiiiifd  by  a  inaynilieei 

J'triniens,  in  almost  evei 

li'tiun  with  this  brillia 

On  tlie  same  square 
•iiiMing  of  the  Massj 
Popular  and  richly  end( 
•aeli  the  a])p]icatiou  of 
iiovided  witli  extensiv 
[lu!  (idicers,  and  700  .stiu 
'erkejey,  the  V.  31   c.  . 
At  tlie  corner  of  IJi 
Trinity  Church  (K,,isc, 
lie  of  Koxbury  stone 
"•"1  of  a  Latin  cross, 
■tro-clioir.     Four  mass 
''''='',  'it  the  height  of 
■'"'lows  and  containing 
'''«  .'idjacent  chapel  is  jc 
[I'Posice  Trinity,   on   i\ 
fecond  Church  (Unitar 
""'  interior.     Tlie  Chnu 
Tlie  new  *  Old  South 
'""til  Sts.,  and  is  a  su 
"s  cost  S  475,000.     It 
pa.  and  tlie  architecturd 
'111  iiiiposiiig  structure, 
to'H's,  and  graceful  wind 
■o"S  the  front  is  a  belt 
;"t  vines  and  fruits,  anio 
"'"''•  '^  I'.ived  with  red,  . 
'"'  "'"e  hy  a  carved  scree 
'"  "larhle,  and  crowned 
f'eannsof  thocro.ssthe 
"'"""o'  on  the  outside  a  M 


BOSTON. 


Ruute  1.     16  a. 


adorned  with  several  portraits.    The  great  hall  of  the  ninseum  is  reached  by 

IscTiiiliiij,'  troin  the  entraiice-hall,  and  is  imposing  in  its  proportions.     It  contains 

.,4.s  of  tlic  iiit'^'iitlicrinm  and  tlic  fossil  arnKidillo,  many  cabinets  of  slicUs  and 

"ssils,  and  till!  most  extensive  collection  of  mounted  skeletons  in  America,  rang- 

I '  lii'iii  those  of  the  elephant,  dromedary,  elk,  and  whale,  down  to  siiecimens  of 

Jh'  siiialli'st  animals,  wonderfully  delicate,  in  their  formation.     Rooms  opening 

lilt  of  the  ,1,'reat  hall  contain  fossils  of  every  kind,  shells,  skeletons,  and  large 

iitl'cd  iiiiiiiials.    'Ihe  j;alleries  of  these  rooms  are  devoted  to  sjionges,  polyps, 

•.ili'plis,  and  echiiioderms  (S.  E.  room)  ;  and  to  botanical  collections,  mosses, 

|iiii-i,  cones,  and  nuts(N.  rooms). 

J  lie  first  tier  of  galleries  in  the  main  hall  is  devoted  to  bntterflies  and  insects, 
iinlis  ;ind  Crustacea,  birds,  reptiles,  niollusks,  and  other  large  and  interesting 
liiliincts.  The  second  tier  o;  giilli-ries,  with  tin;  rooms  diverging  therefrom,  is 
|((ii|iii'd  by  a  magnilicent  collection  of  monnted  birds,  including  thousands  of 
Ipiriniens,  in  almo.-^t  every  variety  of  spe(;ies  and  color,  size  and  form.  In  con- 
liitiou  with  this  brilliant  display  are  numerous  cabinets  of  birds'  nests  and 


i;i!  ., 


',  ,1 

t 

\ 

\ 

1 

■■ 

\ 


I . 


''p 


,i)i  iui  ii 


On  the  same  square  as  the  Museum  of  Natural  History  is  the  classic 

luililing  of  tlie  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology.    This  is  a 

bopuhir  and  richly  endowed  school  of  collegiate  rank,  wliose  object  is  to 

uaeh  the  application  of  science  to  the  useful  arts,  forwhicli  purpose  it  is 

Iroviiled  witii  extensive  cabinets  and  apparatus.     It  has  70  professors 

jnd  oflicers,  and  700  students.    In  this  vicinity  are  the  Hotels  Kenipton  and 

jikeky,  the  Y.  M  C.  A.  building,  and  tlie  stately  Hotel  Brunswick. 

At  the  corner  of  Huntington    Ave    and    Clarendon    St.    is   tlic   new 

[ Trinity  Church  (Episcopal ;  Pliillii)s  Brooks,  rector),  an  immense  struc- 

jro  of  Koxbury  stone  which  has   cost  over  igSOO.OUO.     It  is  in  the 

3rni  of  a  Latin  cross,  with  a  semicircular  ajjse,  narrow  aisles,  and  a 

etro-choir.     Four  massive  piers  sustain  a  central  tower  57  1...  square, 

^'liieli,  at  the  height  of  150  ft.,  changes  to  an  octagon  pierced  with  12 

I'liidows  and  containing  the  bells.     The  top  is  210  ft.  above  the  floor. 

pie  adjacent  chapel  is  joined  to  the  church  by  an  oi)en  cloister.     Nearly 

l]ipot.i(,e  Trinity,   on  Bojlston  St.,   is  the  browustone  building  of  the 

jecond  Church  (Unitarian),  with  a  beau- 

tful  interior.     The  Chauncy-Hall  School  adjoins  this  structure. 

Tlie  new  *  Old  South  Church  is  at  tlie  corner  of  Boylston  and  Dart- 

[loutli  Sts.,  and  is  a  superb  edifice  of  Roxb\try  and  Ohio  stone,  which 

|a.s  cost  $475,000.     It  is  in  the  form  of  a  Latin  cross,  90  X  198  ft.  iu 

jrea,  and  the  architecture  is  tlie  North-Italian  Gothic.     Tlie  great  tower 

ail  imposing  structure,  218  ft.  high,  with  rich  combinations  of  colored 

loiie.s,  and  graceful  windows.     An  arcade  runs  thence  to  the  S.  transept. 

^loiig  tlio  front  is  a  belt  of  gray  sandstone,  delicately  carved  to  repre- 

oiit  vines  and  fruits,  among  whicli  animals  and  birds  are  seen.     The  ves- 

Ibiile  is  jiaved  with  red,  white,  and  green  marbles,  and  is  separated  from 

|ie  nave  by  a  carved  screen  of  Caen  stone,  supported  on  columns  of  Lis- 

on  marble,  and  crowned  by  gables  and  finials.     At  the  intersection  of 

he  arms  of  the  cross  the  roof  opens  up  into  a  lantern,  20  ft.  square,  and 

Pniiiiig  on  the  outside  a  pointed  dome  of  copper,  partially  gilded.    The 


)^i  ' 


I 


t. 


I: 

li:: 


% 


1Gb.     Route  1. 


BOSTON. 


effect  of  the  interior,  finished  in  cherry,  frescoed,  and  carved,  is  hrilliar.t 
rather  than  solemn.  The  chancel-window  cost  $2,500,  and  represoiif-: 
the  announcement  of  Clirist's  birtli  to  the  shei^herds.  The  S.  traiisii; 
window  shows  tlie  five  paraVjles  ;  that  in  the  N,  transept  the  five  mii: 
clcs  ;  Mid  tiie  windows  of  tlie  nave  show  forth  the  prophets  and  apostl,. 
The  organ  has  55  stops,  and  3,240  pipes. 

The  *  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  is  on  Copley  Square,  on  Dartmouth  St.  ;i: 
Huntington  Ave.,  and  is  to  consist  of  a  great  pile  of  brick  buiMi,',. 
around  two  open  courts  (each  60  X  86  ft. ).     The  exterior  is  admi; 

with  roundels  in  Eiigli.sh  terra-cotta,  containing  portrait  heads  of  emi 
nent  artists.     The  portico  and  front  are  now  completed,  and  are  sin^n;Iaii 
pieces  of  archifecture,  the  latter  being  adorned  witli  a  great  terra-cotu 
bas-relief  representing  Art  receiving  the  offerings  of  all  nations.    A  con;| 
panion  relief  showing  the  Union  of  Art  ana  Industry  has  been  phuei 
on  this  front.     An  art  school  and  library  of  high  grade  has  been  e.-ta!>j 
lished  in  this  building,  under  eminent  patronage.     There  are  two  dajij 
each  week  when  admission  is  free  ;  on  other  days  25  c  is  charged.    TlJ 
basement  contains  olHces  and  study  rooms.     The  first  fioor  is  given  t; 
sculpture,  and  has  three  halls,  devoted  respectively  to  Assyrian  and  A:- 
chaic  Greek  art,  Midlle  Greek  sculptures,  and  the  works  of  the  Roiiuaj 
and  Byzantines.     In  the  corridor  are  mosaics,  heads,  grafiti,  and  otlia 
ornaments.     The  second  floor  is  devoted  mainly  to  paintings,  whicli  ,wl 
contained  in  the  large  hall  on  the  N.    Tliis  collef  ion  includes  the  Mi'lt: 
and  Hunt  pictures,  and  many  of  the  best  works  belonging  to  private  j:i-j 
lerles  in  and  near  Boston,   loaned  temporarily  by  their  owners.    ITiij 
Gray  Collection  of  engravings  is  in  a  room  opeinng  from  the  gallery.  l»j 
yond  which  is  a  chamber  which  is  fitted  up  with  anti(pie  English  woolf 
carvings.     At  the  end  of  the  gallery  is  a  hall  reserved  for  the  display  olj 
articles  of  vertu,  armor,  ceramic  ware,  etc. 

The  original  works  (numbers  often  changed)  are,  *  Sortie  from  Gibraltar,  Trd 
hull  (his  masterpiece) ;  Arch  of  Octavius,  Bicrstadt;  Belshazzav's  Feast,  JIIM 
("The  American  Titian");  Mount  Washington,  Gay  ;  *  Isaac  of  Yorli,  Afhrn 
Indian  Captive,  IVeir ;  Angela  appearing  to  Sliei)herds,  Cole ;  Priam  and  M 
Hector,  Trumbull;  jiortraits  of  "*  Wasliington  and  liis  Wife,  Stuart;  Benjaici 
West,  Alldon  ;  Daniel  Webster.  Chief  Justice  Marshall,  Harding ;  William  TiukJ 
Sully;  the  ll;ijah  Ilammohun  Roy,  iJ.  Peale ;  William  Wirt, /nma/i;  *  Count  I 
Wurtemberg  mourning  over  his  Dead  Son,  Ani  Schneffcr ;  Storm  at  Sea,  //ii| 
Garden  of  Love,  Watteau;  two  fruit-pieces,  Petc^  Bod ;  Landscape,  7^(, '/.•"'"'I 
Dante  and  Beatrice,  Schaejfer ;  The  Flaying  of  Marsyas,  and  the  Golden  A.| 
Luca  Giorda)io.  There  are  a  great  number  of  coines  (in  oil)  of  famous  Euii 
pictures,  and  in  one  room  50  of  the  ehromo-lithograplis  of  the  Arundel  ^iniitl 
(London),  being  copies  of  famous  religious  paintings  in  the  noontide  of  art. 
these  rooms  are  ca.sts  of  the  aiititpie  works, —  the  Quoit-Players,  Piping  Faiiii,! 
lenus  and  Bacchus,  Boy  with  a  thorn  in  his  foot,  the  Venus  de  Milo.  and  tl 
Dying  Gladiator,  with  busts  of  Julius  Ca-sar,  Augustus,  Tiberius,  Caligula.  Cli| 
dius,  Nero,  Galba,  Otho,  Vitellius,  Vespasian,  Titus,  Domitian,  Nerva,  Trajan.  H- 
drian,  the  Autonines,  &c.  A  beautiful  marble  copy  of  the  Venus  de  Metliii i.<f 
one  room,  also  (in  marble)  Greek  Girl,  by  IVotf;  *  Maid  of  Carthage,  GiwioKt' 
Will  o'  tiie  Wisp,  Harriet  Hosmer  ;  *  Venus  Victrix,  Greenough. 

One  room  is  occupied  by  a  laige  collection  of  Egyptian  antiquities,  embracinl 


lunrlrcd.s  of  figures  oft 

■'")d,  jxHcclain,  and  te 

Ind  cnrious  jewcLs.     Tl 

If  Ciinereal  trapjiings,  ai 

h'lco-hles,  tortoises,  sn, 

l^ne,  at  the  door,  2o  vt 

hi  tlie  iie.xt  room  are  s 

■■ii'"n.s.  itc.,  from  Ma] 

i'lent  of  early  Plia.niei 

III''  fl'i'ir,  containing  n 

'I'i  (aiiijianian  tombs. 

'ii''  ■'i'"l  a  lartre  numi)ei 

liNs  tapestry  (Franc( 

'"'  ndol  the  room  ;  attl 

t-^  ivliefs.  near  wliieh  i' 

"'-'"  "(loving  the  infant 

-^I'v/wr,  tvro  by  Allston  a 

ruh  0,-ken  panels,  ca 

f"i  tl.y  ot  -lote.     The  posi 

at  a  more  careful  list  wo 

TI;e  Jiand.some  *  Firs 

lonwealth  Ave.  and  CI 

|ifli  three  i-ose-windows 

"■'""""ted  by  a  ba.silicj 

I'l  IS  surrounded  by  a 

f]>reseiiting  the  four  C 

Id  Death, —one  on  er 

peze  are  colossal  statues 

Ideii  trumpets.     The  ^ 

I^artholdi. 

[AWthis  point,  in  the 
't"e  of  Gen.  John  Glo 
''■""^"t  in  the  Confine. 
/f'-l  ^>>ulome  h  farther 
'r''«  Young  Men's  Ch] 
'  "Ppo.site  the  Masonic 
""  sandstone,  with  a  tr 
'""•  '■'^(■qition-room,  pa. 
1  -I  hall  which  f^erlH  70l 
'""ip-s ;  and  there  nre  ah 
"'^;  J-^3  shells,  .355  sp 
i'o  hirdsof  Massache 
Fl  South  Church  is  the  b 
)"""  "f  Pi^ti'rcs  a.-e  f,-eq, 
[J">ph  an  opulent  quarter, 
.triving  access  to  the  '.. 
"'•^  narva.-d  Medical  S 
"'c  *  Providence  Kailr- 
■^mon,  and  has  no  equal 


BOSTON. 


lionte  1.     1 G  C. 


iltar,  TriiJ^ 
ast,  M 
rk,  M'H 
11  aii'l  'lf*T 

liaiu  'I'u^y 

Sea,  i'«l 

olden  AJ 

s  Eufn*! 

idel  ^'"^•l 

of  ait. 
ifr  Fiiim, 

ilo.  aiul' 
liguhK  Ui| 

Trajan.  1 

Medu'ii^J 


kundrcds  of  figures  of  the  gods  Osiris,  Amun,  Horns,  Isis,  &c.,  in  bronze,  marble, 

tiioil,  porcelain,  and  terra-cotta  ;  also  a  large  number  oi  scaraba-i,  amulets,  vases, 
liid  c'lirious  jewels.  Tliere  are  also  seven  liuman  minnmies,  with  a  irreat  number 
If  t'liiit'ieal  traitpings,  and  nunnnjies  of  nionlceys,  lambs,  il)ises,  rats,  liawks,  mice, 
|](ic(wiilcs,  tortoises,  snakes,  &c.  There  are  1,100  pieces  in  this  collection  (cata- 
.^w,  at  the  door,  •J.j  cts.). 

Ill  tlieiiext  room  arc  several  hundred  lamps,  amphone,  cups,  statuettes,  heads, 
tt;i[ioiis,  itc,  from  Idalium,  on  tiie  Inland  of  Cyprus,  of  ^reat  interest  to  the 
iidiiit  of  early  I'ha'uician  and  Greek  Idstory.  The  Aitpleton  collection  is  on  the 
1)1111'  floor,  containing  many  (Jra'co-Italiar.  hctilo  painted  vases  from  Etruscan 
Old  Caiiipanian  tombs.  Some  elaborate  old  (•al)inets  contain  line  Venetian  glass- 
i:wv,  and  a  large  number  of  riidi  majolica  plates  are  exliililte<l.  A  large  piece  of 
Im  liiis  tajtestry  (France  crowned  by  Victory  and  attendeil  by  Minerva)  occupie-s 
(I'M  lid  ot  the  room  ;  at  the  other  end  is  a  grou])  of  plaster  casts  from  famous  Italian 
rcliet's,  near  which  is  a  Madonna  and  Cliild,  by  Luca  ildla  I'obhia.  and  the 
[iiLiiii  adoring  the  infant  Jesus,  by  ^}w?rert  f/e//(i  yio?>h(a.  Two  large  pictures  by 
;(■//(■/■,  two  by  Allston,  a  large  collection  of  ancient  coins  (a  gold  Alexander),  and 
rich  oiken  panels,  carved  and  gilded,  from  the  Chateau  Montmorency,  are 
Jdithy  of  lote.  The  positions  of  the  i)ictnres  and  curiosities  are  so  often  changed 
lat  a  iiiuie  careful  list  would  be  of  no  permanent  use. 

The  handsome  *  First  Baptist  Church  stands  at  the  corner  of  Com- 
[onwealtli  Ave.  and  Clarendon  St.,  and  is  in  the  form  of  a  Greek  cross, 
lith  three  rose-windows  lighting  the  interior,  which  i.s  78  ft.  high,  and  is 
jinnounted  hy  a  basilica  roof  of  stained  ash.  Tlie  tower  is  176  ft.  high, 
pd  is  surrounded  by  a  frieze  containing  colossal  figures  in  high  relief, 
[presenting  the  four  Christian  eras.  Baptism,  Communion,  Marriage, 
jid  Death, — one  on  each  side  of  the  tower.  At  the  corners  of  the 
ioze  are  colossal  statues  representing  the  Angels  of  the  Judgment,  with 
^Ideii  trumpets.     The  work  was  done  by  Italian  artists,  after  designs 

Bartholdi. 

[Near  this  point,  in  the  Commonwealth-Ave.  park,  is  a  colossal  bronze 
[itue  of  Gen.  John  Glover,  the  commander  of  the  Marblehead  marine 
linteiit  in  the  Continental  army.  The  sui)erb  marble  building  of  the 
ot'i  Vt'ndome  is  farther  out  on  the  avenue,  and  Garrison's  statue. 
jThc  Young  Men's  Christian  Union  Building  is  at  No.  20  Boylston 
L,  opposite  the  Masonic  Temple,  and  has  a  handsome  Gothic  front  of 
jiio  sandstone,  with  a  tall  clock-tower.  It  contains  a  library,  reading- 
pins,  reception-room,  parlors  and  class-rooms,  a  coffee-room,  gymnasium, 
1(1  a  liall  which  se^.Ls  700  persons.  The  library  consists  of  over  5,000 
lumos  ;  and  there  are  also  collections  of  curiosities,  which  include  550 
Ins,  153  shells,  .355  specimens  of  woods,  700  minerals,  3,500  insects, 
il  4V5  birds  of  Massachusetts,  nests,  Indian  relics,  etc.  Near  the  new 
il  South  Church  is  the  building  of  the  Boston  Art  Club,  in  whicli  exhi- 
li'ins  of  pictures  are  frequently  given.  Boylston  St.  runs  out  to  the  W. 
lough  an  opulent  quarter,  passing  t)ie  Public  Garden  and  Coplev  Square, 
\\  giving  access  to  the  newly-built  streets  of  'he  patrician  "West  End, 

tiic  Harvard  Medical  School. 

riie  *  Providence  Bailroad-Station  is  on  Columbus  Ave.,  near  the 
nmon,  and  has  no  equal  in  America  in  beauty  and  convenience.     The 


'  -i  i 


P.t 


enibraci 


16  d.    Route  1. 


BOSTON. 


arcliitecture  is  Gothic,  with  a  lofty  clock-tower  and  a  deep  arcade  on  {]■.> 
front.     The  great  hall  is  paved  witli  marble,  and  adorned  with  a  niagiii: 
cent  timI)er-roof.     The  waiting-rooms,  cafe,  otiices,  etc.,  open  from  tli: 
hall,  which  is  180  ft.  long,  44  ft.  broad,  and  80  ft.  high.     At  its  end  i*, 
the  immense  train-house,  which  is  588  ft.  long  and  130  ft.  wide,  witli  it> 
roof  supported  on  iron  trusses. 

Columbus  Avenue   runs  nearly  S.  W.  from  the  Common  to  Chcstirj 
Parlv,  and  is  a  broad  and  straight  street,  with  a  wooden  pavement,  liorf 
dered  by  handsome   residences.      It  is  a  favorite  tlioroughfare  for  ti. 
passage  of  military  processiuns  and  otlier  civic  displays. 

The  First  Presbyterian  Church  is  at  the  corner  of  Columbus  Ave.  audi 
Berkeley  St.  Opposite  is  tlie  great  Peoples'  Church  (Methodist),  seaiiiijj 
over  3,000  persons.  Farther  up  the  avenue  is  Dr.  Miner's  Univenili 
Church,  a  large  and  costly  structure  witli  splendid  stained-glass  winddw^.j 
The  Union  Congregational  Church  i.  still  farther  up,  and  is  a  picturc'.-i|iitj 
and  rambling  building  of  lioxbury  itone.  with  a  stone  spire  and  an  optij 
timber-roof.  One  square  from  the  avenue  to  the' 1.,  on  anton  St.,  is  tixl 
Warren-Avenue  Baptist  Church,  near  which  is  the  sing  lar  edifice  occii| 
pied  by  James  Freeman  Clarke's  church. 


Beacon  Hill  is  N.  of  Boston  Common,  and  is  densely  covered  wi!iP 
brick  houses,  built  along  quiet  and  comparatively  narrow  streets.  It  dJ 
rives  its  name  from  the  fact  that  in  the  ancient  colonial  days  perniaueJ 
arrangements  were  made  for  beacon-fires  to  be  kindled  here  to  alarm  ttJ 
country  in  case  of  danger  or  attack.  Boston  University's  chief  hall  is  J 
Somerset  St. ;  tlie  church  formerly  occupied  by  Dr.  Kirk  is  on  Ashburtnj 
Place ;  the  ritualistic  Church  of  St.  John  (conducted  by  the  Cowley  Fatherfj 
and  the  Swedenborgian  Church  are  on  Bowdoin  St.,  and  the  Faith  Traiiiii^ 
College  is  on  Beacon-Hill  Place.  The  quaint  old  West  Church  (Unitaiiu 
is  at  the  corner  of  Cambridge  and  Lynde  Sts.,  and  its  pastors  have  b«i 
Mayliew,  Howard,  Lowell,  and  Bartol.  The  City  Jail  is  a  massive  cruj 
form  building  on  Cambridge  St.,  near  the  Charles  River. 

The  Charles  River  is  crossed,  at  the  foot  of  Cambridge  St.,  by  the  Ion] 
West-Boston  Bridge,  whence  broad  views  are  afforded  over  the  Avators 
either  side.     The  house  of  the  Union  Boat  Club  is  near  Brimnitj 

St.  It  is  contemplated  to  line  the  water-front  of  the  city,  on  this  side,  mj 
broad  esplanades,  gardens,  and  promenades,  connected  with  parks  aij 
forests  in  other  parts  of  the  municipality.  The  costly  and  handsome  iifj 
Church  of  the  Advent  (Ritualistic),  on  Brimmer  St.,  is  famous  forij 
imposing  cuural  services. 


BOSTON. 


Route  1.       17 


The  *  State  House  (PI.  13)  is  on  the  summit  of  Beacon  Hill,  fronting 

le  f 'oinnion.      Its  corner-stoue  was  drawn  to  the  place  July  4,  1795, 

V  fifteen  white  horses,  amid  great  ceremonies.  The  most  prominent  ob- 
Iccts  on  the  exterior  are  the  fine  Corinthian  colonnade  and  the  high  round 
loiiie.  When  the  Legislature  (or  General  Court)  is  in  session,  national 
lUL's  are  displayed  from  the  building.  The  *  Doric  Hall,  at  the  entrance, 
a  neat,  marble-paved  room,  supported  by  colunms,  and  surrounded  by 
^i'^li  niclies,  fronted  with  plate-glass,  in  which  are  gathered  the  banners 
the  Massachusetts  regiments  borne  in  the  War  for  the  Union.     On  the 

;lit  are  busts  of  Charles  Sunnier  and  Samuel  Adams,  and  on  the  left  a 

Ijust  of  Abraham  Lincoln  and  a  statue  of  Gov.  John  A.  Andrew,  by  Ball. 

in  a  marble-paved  and  banner-hung  rotunda,  opening  on  the  Doric  Hall, 

Cliautrey's  *  Statue  of  Washington,  in  front  of  which  are  copies  of  the 

lomuuents  of  the  old  Washington  family,  at  Brington,  in  Northampton- 

liire.    The  House  of  Representatives  (up  stairs  to  the  left  from  the  Doric 

hull)  is  a  plain  and  somewhat  crowded  hall,  with  a  codfish  hanging  from 

llie  roof,  as  emblematic  of  a  prolific  source  of  the  wealth  of  the  State. 

he  Senate  Chamber  is  on  the  other  side,  and  is  adorned  by  some  old  por- 
Ivaits  and  trophies.  The  extensive  State  Library  is  in  the  west  wing, 
j'roni  the  dome  of  the  State  House  (open  when  the  Legislature  is  not  in 
lession)  is  obtained  a  fine  *  view.  Boston  Harbor,  with  its  islands,  and 
peninsulas,  and  the  distant  blue   ocean,  fill  the  east ;  in  the  north  are 

liar^  ^town,  its  Navy  Yard  and  Monument,  with  Lynn,  Chelsea,  Maiden, 
kiid  Medford  ;  to  the  west,  Charles  River  and  Back  Bay,  Cambridge,  Brigh- 
l(.n,  Brookline,  and  Newton  ;  and  in  the  south,  Roxbury  and  Dorchester, 
f\\.\\.  tlie  blue  hills  of  Milton  far  away.  On  the  terraces  in  front  of  the 
building  are  bronze  statues  of  Daniel  Webster  and  Horace  Mann,  the 
|(.eat  educationist.  The  house  opposite  (corner  Park  and  Beacon  Sts.) 
vas  for  40  years  the  home  of  George  Tfcknor,  author  of  the  "  History 
t)t'  Spanish  Literature,"  in  3  volumes  (translated  into  German  and  Span- 
Isli),  wlio  bequeathed  4,000-5,000  Spanish  books  to  the  Public  Library. 

lie  Union  Club  (600  members),  a  patriotic  organization  formed  in  1863, 
()coupies  the  next  house  below  (on  Park  St.).  On  Beacon  St.,  near  the 
State  House,  is  the  *  Boston  Athenaeum,  a  neat  brownstone  building, 
\\\  the  Palladian  style.  On  the  lower  fioor  is  the  library  of  the  Imerican 
i.cai,leniy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  a  lar'^e  reading-room  adorned  with 
ktiituary.  In  the  vestibule  are  casts  of  Houdon's  Washington  and  of 
pophocles,  also  a  marble  statue  —  The  First  Inspiration  of  Columbus  — 
by  Muiitaverde,  and  a  bronze  group  —  the  Boy  and  the  Eagle  —  by  Greeri- 
\nijh.  On  the  r.  is  the  entrance  to  the  reading-room,  in  which  the  news- 
papers and  magazines  are  kept.  On  the  second  floor  is  the  library, 
kvhich  now  contains  140,000  volumes,  and  is  the  favorite  resort  of  the 
paltured  higher  classes  of  Boston.     Only  members  of  the  Atheneeum  and 

B 


Mil 


i  l>l 


It 


•'is     • 
■  !  I    t 


■  H' 


I 


11     I 


iii' 


III 


18       R.del. 


BOSTON. 


(temporarily)  persons  introduced  by  them  are  allowed  to  use  tlie  libran 
and  reading-room.  The  Athenaeum  was  organized  in  1807,  and  occu- 
pied its  present  building  in  1847.  It  has  real  estate  and  books  woith 
$  400,000,  and  over  $  250,000  in  funds.  Tlie  pictures  pertaining  to  the 
society  have  been  transferred  to  the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts. 

The  offices  of  Boston  University  are  at  No.  12  Somerset  St.    This  in 
stitution  was  founded  in  1869,  with  munificent  endowments,   and  hi' 
already  attained  a  high  rank,  having  graduated  126  students  in  1875.    It! 
consists  of  a  group  of  colleges  and  schools,  Avith  627  students  (144  of  j 
whom  are  young  women).     The  College  of  the  Liberal  Arts  is  at  20  13eaj 
con  St.,  and  has  17  instructors  and  82  students.     Tlie  College  of  Music 
(at  Music  Hall)  has  15  instructors  and  21  students  ;  and  the  College  of  j 
Agriculture  is  affiliated  with  the  Mass,  Agricultural  College. 

The  professional  schools  include  the  School  of  Theolorjy  (Methodist),  witliKl 
instructors  and  101  students,  its  headquarters  being  at  30  Broniticld  St.  Tliel 
School  of  Law  is  on  Ashburton  Place,  and  has  16  instructors  and  141  .studtiitii 
The  School  of  Medicine  is  on  E.  Concord  St.,  and  has  28  instructor.s  and  17l'  stnf 
dents.  The  School  of  Oratory  is  at  18  Beaeon  St.,  and  has  1-2  in.structors  aiKlsJJ 
students.  The  School  of  All  Sciences  (11  students)  is  a  schohi  scholarnm,  oil 
department  for  elective  iiost-graduate  study,  and  is  aftiliated  with  the  univcKi-| 
ties  at  Athens  and  Rome. 

The  Somerset  Club  occupies  a  richly  furni.shed  and  luxurious  housfj 
at  Beacon  St.,  adorned  with  many  woi'ks  of  art.  It  is  the  favorite  re-l 
sort  of  the  young  men  of  fashion  and  wealth,  and  includes  in  its  niemj 
bership  Charles  Francis  Adams,  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  J.  Q.  Adiim5,l 
H.  B.  Sargent,  and  many  other  notables.  The  Union  Club  is  al>«j 
famous  for  its  brains  and  culture,  and  is  tiie  resort  of  middle-aged  gentle-j 
men,  among  whom  the  Harvard  element  is  strong.  Tiie  house  is  ool 
Park  St.,  and  is  very  comfortable  and  quiet,  being  also  adorned  ^vitlil 
a  few  rare  paintings.  Here  Edward  Everett,  Gov.  Andrew,  and  Chaiieil 
Sumner  passed  much  of  their  time.  Among  the  members  are  JiRlj,'e| 
E.  R.  Hoar,  R.  H.  Dana,  Jr.,  Gov.  Rice,  Prof.  Ware,  Chief  Justice  Giajij 
Henrj'  L.  Pierce,  and  other  eminent  men. 

Near  the  Athenaeum  is  Pembertqn  Square,  the  site  of  an  old  Indian  iiel 
cropolis,  where  300  skulls  were  dug  up  in  Cotton  Mather's  time.  Govl 
emor  Endicott  and  Sir  Henry  Vane  lived  near  tliis  spot,  and  in  later  dayl 
it  was  an  aristocratic  centre.  The  tall  old  brick  houses  are  now  useil  fo| 
the  offices  of  lawyers  and  business-agencies  of  various  kinds.  Louishim 
Square  is  a  stately  and  silent  place  on  the  farther  slope  of  Beacon  llill|| 
embellished  with  statues  of  Aristidea  and  Columbus. 

The  new  Suffolk-County  Court-House  is  a  vast  structure,  now  beiiiJ 
built  between  Somerset  St.  and  Pemberton  Square.  It  will  cost  seveial| 
million  dollars. 

Abram  French  &  "Co.'s  art,  china,  and  glass  store,  at  the  corner  cij 
Franklin  and  Devonshire  Streets,  is  the  largest  establishment  of  the  kiiiil| 
iu  the  world,  keeping  specimens  of  all  grades  of  wares  from  all  countries 


DOS 


louth  Boston  is  sep 

i'li  readies  to  Ko.xbi 
|000  iuliabitaiits,  and  i 
I'lway  is  the  jirincipa 
h  several  churches. 
['lie  Perkins  Institutio 
lb) we.     It  was  favore 
'ics  large  building.s  on 
lt«'(l  and  Jiiglily  prai>jec 
i\i!  t'stablislinients  in 
itoii  (Insane  Hospita 

ISmli  are  the  institutions 
•nrrato  citizens  of  the  Sta 
ii,',  •!"""■, •i"''''^""'"»nile 
L  '•  ";';,"'l'tion  will  admi 
pti"i)i,'(tliough  iniineasur« 
>;  I'xtcnsiye  Carney  Hos],, 

I  111,  an.  above  it  is  a  resei 
|1"' '"i-lit.  moonlit  ni-ht  c 

•  .I'ivMnced  quietly  to  thii 

t"'>  stronf,'  forts  wer 

;iv,v  and  2,400  royal  tro, 

I<1  .  with  4,000  men,  awa 

["lHvstsoftheBriti.;han 

""T-tl'e  royal  forces  w 
1 11., 0  transports,  and  cal 
*  I  I'Wal  to  King  Georse. 
p"  and  Its  harbor,  and  of  I 


V  'listrict  south  of  Boyl 

|i'i2:-iiouses,  and  Washii 

Itliiough  its  centre.     TJ 

|f'l  from  the  water.     ly 

cannon  formerly  cros,se( 

[•imlWorceslerandChe; 

f»"s  and  surrounded  wit 

I  ■'f  .1  broad  thorouglifar 

laWe  drive-way.      On  T 

of  Odd  Fellows'  Hal 

K  the  best  of  which  is 

Kon  Ave.,  near  Cone, 

JbuiMnig  (surmounted 

Pavings  by  curving  colo 
r.  ^^"'»e  for  Orphans,  , 
^0"  (with  a  fine  interior 
Ms  Boston  College.    Tl 


i-e 


BOSTON. 


Route  1. 


19 


South  Boston  is  separated  from  the  city  by  an  arm  of  tlie  harbor 
iirli  reaclie3  to  Roxbury.  It  contains  about  900  acres  of  land,  with 
[oOO  inliabitaiits,  anil  is  quickly  reached  by  the  horse-cars  from  Boston 
Dailway  is  tlie  principal  street,  and  is  a  pleasantly  shaded  tlioroughfare, 
th  several  churches. 

he  Perkins  Institution  for  the  Blind  was  founded  in  1831,  by  Dr.  S. 

[lowc.     It  was  favored  by  liberal  popular  contributions,  and  now  oc- 

Diis  large  buildings  on  Mt.  Washington,  S.  Boston.     Charles  Dickens 

itid  and  higldy  praised  this  institution,  as  also  the  charitable  and  cor- 

tivo  establislinients  in  a  secluded  position  near  Independence  Square, 

).stou  (Insane  Hospital  and  House  of  Correction). 

Isnch  are  the  institutions  at  South  Boston.     In  ail  of  them  the  unfortunate  or 
^nciato  citizens  of  the  State  are  earefuily  instructed  in  their  duties  both  to 

uii!  man  ;  are  surrounded  by  all  reasonable  means  of  comfort  or  liappiness 
1  tlicir  condition  will  admit  of  ;  and  are  ruled  by  the  strony  Heart,  and  not  by 
Btmiii;  (though  immeasurably  weaker)  Hand."  —  Dickens. 
tti:  extensive  Carney  Hospital  (managed  by  Sisters  of  Charity)  is  near  by  on 
liill,  and  above  it  is  a  reservoir  and  small  park  near  the  site  of  tlie  old  foi-t. 
IJK^  liii.,'lit,  moonlit  niglit  of  March  3, 1770,  General  Thomas  and  2,000  Ameri- 

inlvimced  quietly  to  this  point  (Dorchester  Heights),  and,  when  morning 

I'll,  two  .strong  forts  were  completed  within  point-ldank  range  of  Boston. 

I'civy  and  2,400  royal  troops  were  ordered  to  attacik  them,  and  Wa.shington 
Iclt',  with  4,000  men,  awaited  the  onset.  But  a  storm,  "  propitious  to  the 
liilcrests  of  the  British  anny,"  i)rcvented  Percy  from  crossing  the  liarbor.  A 
Bays  later  the  city  was  heavily  bombarded,  and  a  new  fort  having  been  built 
Biturer,  tlie  royal  forces  were  forced  to  evacuate  Boston,  Mareii  18,  sailing 

ill  l.')0  transports,  and  carrying  with  them  3,000  New-Englanders  who  re- 
led  Inyal  to  King  George.     From  this  little  park  a  fine  view  is  obtained  of 

on  and  its  harbor,  and  of  Dorchester  and  the  southern  suburbs. 


Indian  m 
lie.     Govj 
^ater  ^\m 
used  foil 

iLcon  11W,I 

low  beiii?! 

jt  several] 

Icorner  oil 
the  kini' 
lountricJ 


The  South  End. 

[e  district  south  of  Boylston  and  Essex  Sts.  is  mainly  occnpied  by 

lin,!:;-liouses,  and  Washington  St.,  with  its  retail  stores  and  hotels, 

tlivongh  its  centre.     The  greater  part  of  this  district  has  been  re- 

k'd  iVoni  the  water.     Near  the  line  of  Dover  St.  a  wall  garnished 

cannon  formerly  crossed  the  Neck  and  defended  the  town.     Union 

and  Worcester  and  Chester  Squares  are  embelli,shed  with  trees  and 

tins  and  surrounded  with  fine  residences.     Columbus  Ave.,  on  the 

is  a  broad  thoroiighfare,  forming  an 

[able  drive-way.      On  Tremont  St.   is  the   imposing  white  granite 

of  Odd  Fellows'  Hall  (built  1871-73),  and  beyond  it  some  fine 

ics,  the  best  of  which  is  the  quaint  and  rambling  Methodist  Church. 

inison  Ave.,  near  Concord  St.,  is  the  City  Hospital,  with 

building  (surmounted  by  a  dome)  in  the  centre,  joined  to  the 

us  wings  by  curving  colonnades.     Near  the  Hospital  is  the  Koman 

(ic  Home  for  Orphans,  and  the  Jesuit  Cliurch  of  the  Immaculate 

)tiou  (with  a  fine  interior,  and  famed  for  its  music),  connected  with 

is  Boston  College.    The  church  and  college  cost  over  $  350,000, 


I- 


1 9  a.     Route  1. 


BOSTON. 


and  are  powerful   centres  of  Catholic   influence.     The  interior  oftvj 
church  is  finished  in  white,  witli  brilliant  paintings  in  the  chancel. 

Near  the  point  where  Washington  St.  n  s  between  the  pleasant  lir 
parks  of  Franklin  and  BJackstone  Squares  is  the  jjreat  New-Fjicln: 
Conservatory  of  Music.  Urookliiie  St.  runs  N.  W.  to  the  Bhawffli 
Congregational  Church,  whicli  has  a  tall  and  plain  campanile  (i!i: 
richly  adorned  interior.  On  W.  Newton  St.  is  the  large  structure  w 
pied  by  the  (Jirls'  Ilir/h  and  Normal  School,  near  the  beautiful  (' 
thian  colonnade  of  the  Church  of  the  Unity.  The  streets  in  this  ijii; 
are  almost  entirely  occupied  by  dwelling-houses,  and  are  dotted  liciv 
there  with  churches. 

The  *  Cathodral  of  the  Holy  Cross  (Roman  Catholic)  is  at  tlieco; 
of  Washington  and  Maiden  Sts.,  and  covers  more  than  an  acre  of  ;,'ro 
its  greatest  length   being  364  ft.,  with  a  breadth  of  170  ft.     It  is  in 
simplest  form  of  early  English  Gothic  architecture,  with   very  sii 
adornment ;  and  was  built  between  18G7  and  1875.     The  great  towers 
to  be  surmounted  by  spire.;,  respectively  300  and  200  ft.  high.     Tlioi 
is  95  ft.  high,  to  its  vaulted  oaken  roof;  and  is  separated  from  tl:e  ai 
by  two  rows  of  clustered  metallic  pillars,  bronzed  and  polished, 
which  are  Gothic  arches.     The  entrance  from  the  marble-paved  vtstf 
is  under  arches  made  from  the  bricks  of  the  old  Ursuline  Coiiverii 
Somerville,  which  was  destroyed  by  a  mob  in  1834.     Near  the  octasr 
apse  are  several  chapels,  the  costly  high-altar,  the  archiei)iscopal  tin 
the  chantry,  and  the  beautiful  Chai)el  of  the  Blessed  Sacrament, 
stained-glass  windows  in  the  chancel  represent  the  Crucifixion,  Natii 
and  Ascension.     The  transept-windows  are  each  40  X  20  ft.  in  area 
on  the  r.  representing  the  Finding  of  the  True  Cross,  the  other  the 
tation  of  the  Cross  by  the  Emperor  Ileraclius  after  its  recovery  from 
Persians.     The  clerestoiy  windows  are  also  stained.     The  superb  o; 
built  around  the  great  rose-window,  and  is  the  fifth  in  size  in  the  w 
having  5,292  pipes,  and  nearly  100  stops.     Under  the  building  are 
els  and  class-rooms,  and  the  crypt  for  the  burial  of  bi.sliops.     The 
tic  adornment  and  enrichment  of  tlie  Cathedral  is  to  be  the  workt 
coming  centuries. 

The  external  length  of  this  Imikling  is  greater  than  that  of  the  ratlipiln| 
Vienna,  Munich,  Ratisbon,  Urvioto,  Messina,  Moiireale,  Pisa,  Venice,  Fnil 
Treves,  or  St.  Denis.    It  is  higher  tlian  the  cathedrals  of  Vienna,  Muniili,^ 
Paris,  Strasbourg,  Freibourg,  Rheiiiis,  Chaiires,  Antwerp,  or  St.  Oueu  at  Rj 
The  New-York  and  Montreal  cathedrals  are  its  Giiljf 

iu  America. 

Washington  St.  soon  reaches  the  Highland  District  (the  ancient  I 
bury),  and  enters  a  region  of  undulating  hills,  where  its  divergent  jij 
are  overarched  with  trees.     Harrison  Ave.,  Shawmnt  Ave.,  and  Tfi 
St.  run  nearly  parallel  with  Washington  St.  from  the  vicinity 


union  to  the  Highlai 

'hester  Park  crosses 

n'tsoiiif  residences. 

It  (roes  and  a  niusici 

-made  land  to  Beacoi 

lo'-courses  and  nobJe  i 


"I'lng  the  eminent  nat 
'""  Mather,  .J„l„,(_ott..i 
^:"''l';  'I'^torian  of  \^.^,y 

'■  »■  il.  (haiiMUig,  hh 
iii'.i'llec.  and  Phiih-ps  J 

"ij.i.s  l'h..nias  Penil,ertoi 
.■  ;  i.  An.stin,  L.  M,  «, 
.  taidline  (Jihiian,  W  li 
'""."' <^iinc.v,  W.  li.  T,..,^ 
'I'""-  Samuel  Eliot  m' 
^'■',"""'.  K.   S.   Rand,  Jr 

".,.;'''''''■'"""'•  ^*"''"«  iWw 
'•  JiK'Koiinan,  T.  W   P-ir 

i    s.  Jan.es  I  owdoin,  J„s 

Uiarles  Francis  Adan 

'nnl  l'"'*^;  "'"■'•ison  Gra 

lidlips.  MaryA.  Livenn 

^'11  "aldo  hmerson.     TU 

["'I'-  •'""'  -Vinslow  Lewis     | 

•''■■,  S.  J.  May.  and  T. 

tta.Milmore.    The  actors 

^;  1..  Davenport.     Them 

r' I.  Knox.  Admiral  Sir  T 

LiKi.s.   Devens,  Jr 
ei's  of  eminence. 


Gen 


''le  main  halls  off  he  01( 
'L'ltLd  as  a  Museum  (op 
ures  and  otlier  relics  of 
n  outer  Newbury  St.  ai 

t"nan  Society,  the  cost! V 
"'"'  "'e  Mass.  Normal  A 
«l  brownstone  enirine-1, 
'"«"ff  the  new  statues 
P»Wic  Garden  ;  Mayor  C| 
'""•"P.  "»  Scoliay  Square 
,';"^l«'-attIeSts.,andthc 
lieodore  Parker,  Col.  Rol 


et 


BOSTON. 


Jtoute  I.     19  6. 


|)  I     il 


union  to  the  Highlands,  anil  each  of  them  is  the  route  of  a  horse-car 


ratlifw 
poe,  I'r'^il 
,Iuuifti,i'l 
)ueu  iit  R| 
its  oulyf 


ancient! 
rergeiit  ^ 

and  Tr( 
icinity 


Chester  Park  crosses  Washington  St.  at  right  angles,  and  is  lined  with 
ndsnnie  residences.  Near  its  centre,  is  a  jdeasant  square,  with  abnn- 
it  trcf.H  and  a  nuislcal  fountain.  West  Chester  Park  runs  across  the 
■iiiiide  laud  to  Deacon  St.,  near  the  new  Ikuk-Hay  Park,  witii  its  sedgy 
jtoi-coursea  and  noble  masonry,  passing  (jlov.  Ames's  palace. 


ImoriL;  tlio  eminent  natives  of  nnstoii  nre  the  divines  Increase  Matlier  and 

^tmi  .MiilluT,  John  Cotton,  MatliiT  Uylt'S,  Tlioiiius  Prince,  tlic  aiiiiailst ;  Jficiiiy 

kiiali,  historian  of  New  llaniiishiri'  ;  William   Hciitlcy,  John  I'itMcc,  Leoiianl 

liiii;,'ti)ii,  N.  L.  Frothinghain,  F.  W.  P.  Greenwood,  John  A.  Vinton,  W.  (1.  Unl- 

li.  W.   II.   ChaiiMin,',',  Bishr.j,  J.   H.   Fitziiatrick,  K.  ().  Haven,  John  Weiss,  C. 

linulli'c,  and  Phillips  l}rool<H.     Anions  the  Hoston-born  antliors  arc  Isaiah 

jriiiiiis,  Thomas  Peniherton,  IJ.  Austin,  Wm.  Tudor,  W.  II.   Sunnier,  Jixa.  Kav- 

L  J.  T.  Austin,  L.  M.  Sargent,  K'lza  L.    Follen,  A.  H.  Kverett,  George  Tick- 

C;i>'oliue  (iilman,  W.  B.   FowL-,  T.   W.  Harris,  C.   H.  .Snow,  J.  G.  Palfrev, 

linmid  tiuincy,  W.  H.  Trask,  F.  A.  Durivage,  J.  J.  Jarves,  K.  H.  Willis,  W.   F. 

miniiij,',  Sanuiel  Eliot,  M.  M.  Hallou,  E.   E.  Hale,  Francis  Parknian,  A.  J.  II. 

Igiiiiic,  E.   S.   Rand,  Jr.      The  native  poets  are  Joseph  (Jreen,  Iloyal  Tyler, 

jilcs  Spra^ne,  HuFus  Dawes,  W.  J.  Hnelling,  Alhert  Pike,  Fi'iuices  S.  Osgood, 

|T.  Tiickerman,  T.  W.  Parsons,  G.  E.    Kice,  Susan  W.  Mus]iratt.     The  native 

tcsiiicii  are  Joseiih    Dudley,   Jonatlian    Pelcher,   Thos.    llutcliinson,   Samuel 

|iuiis,  J.imes  IJowdoiii,  Josiah  Quiiu'y,  Robert  Treat  Paine,  J.  Mason,  Sanniel 

all,  Cliarlcs  Francis  Adams,  Charles  Sumner.     The  orators  are  Thos.   Dawes, 

Diucl  Dexter,  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  Edward  Everett,  Robert  C.  Winthrojt,  Wen- 

riiilliit^i,  Alary  A.  Liveriuore.     The  philosophers  are  Renjaniin  Franklin  and 

pli  Walilo  Emerson.     The   scientists  are   B.   A.   Gould,  G.  B.    Bond,   F.  11, 

rer,  and  A'in.slow  Lewis.     The  jihilaiithropists  are  Dr.  S.  G.  Howe,  John  Low 

Jr.,  S.  J.  May,  and  T.  II.   Perkins.     The  artists  are  J.  S.  Copley,  G.  P.  A. 

■y,  Coo.  L.  Brown,  W.  E.  Norton,  W.  W.  Fisher,  IToralJo  (ircenongh,  and 

>tia  Millinore.    The  actors  are  W.  F.  Johnson,  G.  II.  Hills,  Charlotte  Cushman 

K.  L.  l)avenj)ort.     The  military  and  naval  ollicers  born  at  Boston  are  Gen. 

iiy  Knox,  Admiral  Sir  T.  A.  Coflin,  Sir  R.  H.  Shealle,  Admiral  C.  H.  Davis, 

Clias.   i^e\ens,  Jr.,  Gen.  C.   R.  Lowell,  Gen.  T.  G.  Stevenson,  and  many 

ers  of  emiueuce. 


The  main  halls  of  the  Old  State  House  have  recently  been  restored  and 
Jicatud  as  a  Museum  (open,  free,  9-5  daily),  containing  many  colonial 
tures  and  other  relics  of  great  interest. 

In  outer  Newbury  St.  are  the  beautiful  new  church  of  the  Hollis-St. 
[tariau  Society,  the  costly  and  elegant  First  Spiritual  Temple  (Spirit  ual- 
^and  tlie  Mass.  Normal  Art  School.  Farther  out  is  an  imposing  round- 
lied  brownstone  engine-house  and  police-station. 

imong  tlie  new  statues  erected  in  Boston  are  the  Charles  Sumner,  on 
iPublic  Garden  ;  Maj'or  Quincy,  in  front  of  the  City  Hall  ;  Gov.  John 
iithrop,  on  Scollay  Square;  Sam.  Adams,  near  the  corner  of  Washing- 
land  Brattle  Sts. ,  and  the  Emancipation  Group,  Park  Square.  Statues 
Theodore  Parker,  Col.  Robert  G.  Shaw,  and  others  are  iu  preparation. 


I' 


:\ 


t 

i       I 


It 


it- 

i 

If 


jii. 


lit 


:i!i; 


'f  ' 


m 


20      Jiouie  2. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


2.  Environs  of  Boston. 

'*  kn  yon  nppronoh  Boston  tho  ronsfhost  roprlon  In  yot  a  region  of  homos.  . 
Man  miiy  «oiiietiiii(M  (l(t'i)riii,  but  h«  ortiMicxt   iiiipniVf-rt  \)itunt  ;  it  Is  men' iiim, 
Hsscrt  tlu)  I'ontiiiry.    Ami  I  know  no  hutt^-r  illiistr.itioii  of  the  JUct  Mum  tlici  ii\ ,., 

of  Koston The  iiiniroiicli  to  Bo-^toii  Is  almost  the  only  |ii(hn-is<mi' i  it>.  ,. 

wu  litivt'  on  tho  AtlimHc  cdist.  Tin'  liroinl  rt'iichc.iof  wiittT,  the  clu'iTful  hiiIiiiI., 
pithcr  li;inil,  tlu-  Ion;?,  p-ntly  risin;;  liritk  hill  in  front,  rrownivi  wi(li  Hum  , 
(Ionic  of  tho  Stiitc  llonsc,  when  seen  in  tin'  tiMnpi'i-cd  cvcnlnif  li;rht,  nmliTii  (  ImijS 
sky,  form  im  iniposln),' ami  trnly  attractivo  pictnn'.  Ninv  York,  from  the  Ikv,... 
gcsts  connnrTclal  activity  only;  l'liila(li'l|)liia,  from  tin-  Delaware,  Is  tho  tJiim  i  j 
rities;  hut  Hoston,  from  any  side,  owinn  to  her  elevation,  hiia  ii  Mtatoly  charm  \v!u;| 
her  prouiJor  sisters  do  not  possess."  —  IJ.vv.vni)  Tvym)11. 

"In  hor  sonthern  snlnirhs,  however,  —  in  Iloxlinry  nnd  tho  hilL-^  heynni, 
princely  Hrookline,  and  llri^^hton, —  Hoston  may  clmllenKo  comparison  witli  ;il 
any  city  in  the  world.     This  nndiilutinn  re;,'ion,  dotted  with  crystal  ponds,  mi|,." 
wooded,  find  covered  for  miles  with  conntry -.seats  In  ev('ry  conceivahio  style  i<i\ 
tec tn re,  from  the  once-prevalent  (Irecian  temples  to  the  now  fashionable  ihmii-ih 
roof,  l.i  a  portfolio  crammed  with  deliciouji  pictures.     Tim  velvet  turf,  pilli  n-.'n 
In  sunshine,  tlio  trim  buckthorn  hedges,  the  trelllsed  roses,  tho  commiii  rliii.'^ 
pine,  elm,  maple,  larch,  chestnut,  and  fir  In  tho  (proves,  the  unexpected  ilc  11. 
wator-).;limpses,  the  KJeam  of  towers  tind  mellow-tinted  liouse-fronts  far  iiml  im 
the  old  avenues,  rlMie  I  with  (lotliic  l)ou;^hs,  are  among  their  features,  and  \iiui 
scarcely  .say  that  anythin;j;  is  wanting  " 

"  It  is  not  only  in  tin;  ILirvanl  jjrecincts  that  the  oUlncss  of  New  T-hijilaml 
be  remarked.  Althoii;.;li  her  people  are  everywhere  in  the  vanyuartl  of  all 
gross,  their  ('o\nitry  has  a  look  of  t?altle-( mis  and  steeple-hats,  while  tlnir  lii 
seem  fresh  from  the  hands  of  Alfred.  In  all  i;nj,'land  there  is  no  city  wliidi:^ 
suburbs  so  ;;ray  ;ind  veneralih;  as  the  elm-shaded  towns  around  Boston, —  I'nr. 
ter,  Chelsea,  Nahant,  and  ISalem  ;  the  i)eojilo  speak  the  linj;lish  of  EliziilMtli. 
joke  about  us  —  'he  speaks  good  Englisli  for  an  Enylishmun.'"  —  Sib  LnAs:^ 

DlLKC. 

Boston  Harbor. 
The  Eoute  to  Nahant.     Soon  after  leaving  India  Wliarf,  with 
Boston  on  the  left,  Goveriior'.s  I.slaiid  is  passed.  Tliis  i> 

was  granted  to  Governor  Wintlirop  in  1032,  and  was  long  called  GovJ 
nor's  Garden,  and  here,  aecordiiig  to  Josselyn,  in  1G38,   were  tlic  oa 
apple  and  pear  trees  in  New  England.     A  powerfid  fortress  of  the  Uiiil 
States,  called  Fort  Winthrop,  now  occupies  the  island.     Soon  after  piij^ 
ing  the  Fort  the  view  includes  the  narrow  strait  between  I'oint  Sliir* 
on  the  1.  and  Deer  Island  on  the  r.     The   point  was  named  in  lioi^^^d 
of  William  Shirley,  Governor  of  Massaclnisetts  1741  to  1756,  .sonietij 
commander  of  the  British  armies  in  America,  and  Governor  of  tliei 
hama  Islands.     It  jiow  forms  the  S.  end  of  the  town  of  Winthrop,  i 
is  occupied  by  Taft's  Hotel,  widely  renowned  for  its  excellent  ilsh  i 
game  dinners.      Opposite   Point    Shirley    is   Deer   Island  (4^  M. 
Boston),  "  so-called  because  of  the  deare,  who  often  swim  thitlier  fij 
the  maine  when  they  are  chased  by  the  wolves  "  (17th  century).    Di'l 
the  war  of  King  Philip  (1(375-76)  this  place  presented  a  pitiful  t 
for  hundreds  of  Indian  prisoners  were  landed  and  guarded  here, 
scores  of  them  died  of  Ininger  and  from  exposure  to  the  winter  fro.sts. 
present  the  island  is  occupied  by  the  immense  buildings  (in  the  form  c 


kill  Cross)  of  tho  lion 
I  Jionso  of  lieforniati 
in  .May,  ]77(),  tho  H 
r<iii  "  grounded  on  W 
y  of-war  l»oat.s.  'i"he 
•■■  wlien  (lie  jinvateen 
lii'i'Ui"  was  oiifo  l)Ioe 
Itliroiigh  Shirley  (lut 
^Viiithrop  are  pa.s.sed 
I 'S  and  the  City  and 
Naliaiit  is  gained. 

i'ltnlmt"  Anita"  wvera 
J""  &  .Maine  Uailroud  ( 
Ini  fniifs  daily.  ^ 

l<»teN  -  Til,,  immon.so  h< 
I'n-r,  wa.s  burnod  in  l8ii 
W"'k  L.;ttage,  etc.,  cliargh 

Valiant  is  a  peninsula  c 
:'"-^  iiitei.s])t.r.sod,  and  v 
cultured  and  literary  ] 
l""-'rs.      It  i.s  12  AI.  frc 
(-'ios.sing  the  long  ai 
<li«  roar  of  surf  con 
-ittlu  Nahant  is  passed, 
'^''•-    Mr.  Tudor,   who 
'l"'"'ter.s  of  the  world, 
I'lt'asant  resort  for  visit 
of  J'icturesque  groun, 
«<'Wv,  and  commandin- 
tills  Garden  of  Maolis 
F  claiu  dinner  may  U 
"''  "'"^  «iivage-browed  cJ 
of  tlie  rock,  named  as 
0"  tlio  north,  and  near 
fl  'laslies  tlirough  a  loi 
'^•^1  forth  with  great  for. 
K  faintly  resembling  s> 
f '  '^''^■^•'•»  are  grandly  r 
^•1'  of  lock  sj)anning  a  na 
'«-^lJock.     The  three  k 
'^'t^'i.  of  whicli  a  relic  re 

'"^"^"  the  outermost  pro 
o'l  "iome  cliff  of  the 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


Route  2.       21 


(ill  Cross)  of  tho  Boston  AlmHhouso,  and  of  the  House  of  Iiulustry  and 

lloiiHi!  of  Ui'formiition. 

Ill  .\I;iy,  177*5,  tlio  Hoston  privateers  "  Franklin"  ami  "  Liuly  Wash- 

Itoii  "  ^,'r()uiidt'd  on  Point  Shirley,  and  were  attacked  liy  thirtet-n  British 

ji  of-wiir  lioats.     The  action  lasted  for  several  hours,  until  tho  tiilo 

•,  wlitii  tlic  iiriviitt'crs  csouixmI.     In  the  war  of  1812  the  fri<,'ato  "Con- 

;iiti'Ui"  was  onco  l)ioi'kad(Ml  in  Boston  llarhor,  and  f^ot  away  l»y  creep- 

tliroii^'h  Shirley  iJut  l)y  nij^lit.  Beyond  I'oint  Shirley  tho  lofty  bluffs 
\ViiitIirop  are  passed  on  the  1.,  succeeded  by  Chelsea  Beach  with  its 
lis,  and  llie  Cily  and  Harbor  of  Lynn,  in  full  view  of  which  tho  wharf 
^'aliant  is  gained. 

Kahant. 

einibo.it  "  Anita"  several  times  ditily  from  Boston  to  Nahant  (see  newspapers). 
ii'ii  k  MaiiK!  Kuilruad  (Hastura  Diviaioii)  to  Lyuu,  and  tbunce  by  omuibua 
|m1  tiim-.s  daily. 

lotflH    -  Till!  immense  hotel  at  Eist  Point,  built  1824,  and  long  the  pride  of 
|("ii<t,  Wits  burned  in  IHiil ;  tlicru  ntmiiin  buC  BiuuU  liotei     —  ilood  Cottage, 

iocli  Cuttuge,  etc.,  cbargiui;  iS  lu- 15  a  week. 

laiKint  is  a  peninsula  composed  of  ocean-swept  rock,  with  pleasant 

lirs  iiitt'i  sporsed,  and  villas  "cattered  over  its  heights,  where  many  of 

puiliuvd  and  literary  jteoide  of  Boston  and  Cambridge  spend  their 

liners.      It  is  12  M.  from  Boston  by  water  and  4  M.  from  Lynn  by 

(.'lossing  the  long  and  nari'ow  sandy  isthmus  called  Lynn  Beach, 

tlm  roar  of  surf  continuous  on  the  ocean-front,  the   rocky  ridge 

Little  N'aliant  is  passed,  and  Nahant  Beach  extends  to  the  peninsula 

k'l'.    Mr.  Tudor,  who  for  years  supi)lied  Massachusetts  ice  to  the 

i(|uurters  of  the  world,  and  hence  is  called  tho  "  Ice-King,"         fitted 

I  iikasaut  resort  for  visitors  on  the  north  side  o'.'  Nahant.     About  20 

of  jiicturesque  grounds  along  the  sea,  adorr.ed  with  fountains  and 

[-work,  and  commanding  a  fine  view  of  LJ^m  and  Swampscott,  com- 

tliis  Garden  of  MaoUs  (Siloam).      Entrance  fee,  25  cts.     A.  good 

lor  clam  dinner  may  bo  had  in  tho  Maol's  pavilions.     Among  the 

til  and  savage-browed  clifts  of  Nahant  are  numberless  curious  forma- 

|ol'  the  rock,  named  as  follows:  John's  Peril,  a  deep  chasm  in  the 

on  the  north,  and  near  Nahant  Beach  ;  the  Spouting  Horn,  where 

luif  (lashes  through  a  long,  rocky  tunnel  into  a  cavern,  and  there  is 

led  forth  with  great  force  ;  Castle  Rock,  a  massive  and  regular  pile 

iaiiitly  resembling  some  ancient  castle-keep  ;  Caldron  Cliff  and 

jiig  Cavern  are  grandly  resonant  in  time  of  storms ;  Natural  Bridge, 

111  of  rock  spanning  a  narrow,  tide-swept  fissure  ;  Pulpit  Rock;  and 

po's  Rock.     The  three  last-named  are  on  East  Point,  the  site  of  the 

kott'l,  of  which  a  relic  remains,  in  the  shape  of  a  pretty  little  classic 

lug  on  the  outermost  promontory,  which  looks  like  an  ancient  Greek 

oil  some  cliff  of  the  .dSgean,  and  which  really  was  a  billiard- 


ill! 

i; 


22       Rimte  2. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


On  the  S.  shore  is  Swallows'  Cave,  a  cavern  72  ft.  deep,  incie; 
from  10  ft.  wide  and  5  ft.  high  to  14  ft.  wide  and  20  ft.  high.     Near 
tall  rock  arch  called  Irene's  Grot'o  is  the   steamboat  landing, 
of  the  peninsula,  and  well  out  in  Nahant  Bay,  Egg  Rock  rises  slia: 
from  the  sea  to  tlie  height  of  86  ft.,  and  is  crowned  by  a  liglillio; 
Many  old  traditions  cluster  around  Nahant,  wliose  name  is  said  to  i 
"Lovers'  Walk." 

"  The  temperature  of  Nahant,  heing  moderated  by  sea  breezes,  so  as  to  line 
in  summer  and  milder  in  winter  tlian  tlie  mainland,  is  regarded  as  beiii;^ 
conducive  to  health.     It  is  delightful  in  summer  to  ramble  round  this  iniuij 
peninsula]!  and  to  examine  at  leisure  its  interesting  curiosities  ;  to  hear  tlicd 
rippling  tlie  eolnred  jjcbbles  of  the  beaches,  and  see  them  gliding  over  tiiea 
jecting  ledges  in  fanciful  cascades  ;  to  behold  the  plovers  and  sandpipers  nd 
along  the  beaches,  the  seal  slumbering  ypon  the  outer  rocks,  the  white  J 
soaring  overhead,  the  porpoises  pursuing  their  rude  gambols  along  ';he  sl.<irt>.J 
the  curlew,  the  loon,  the  black  duck,  and  ti.e  coot,  tlie  brant,  with  his  il;i;{ 
neck,  and  the  oldwiie,  with  her  stranire,  wild,  vocal  melody,  swimming  gnt'S 
in  the  coves  and  rising  and  sinking  v,'u!i  the  swell  of  the  tide.    The  mo()nl;;,'litfJ 
ings  here  are  exceedingly  lovely  ;  an..'  the  phosphoric  radiance  of  thn  Ijillnffif 
favorable  nights  (making  the  waters  look  like  a  sea  of  fire)  exhibits  a  sitj 
wonderful  beauty.  "  —  Lewis. 

Tlie  Boute  to  Hull,  Hingham,  etc.    So  many  are  the  routes  by 
to  the  South  Shore  that  the  islands  in  that  part  of  the  harbor  \\i 
spoken  of  without  regard  to  any  special  course. 

S.  Boston  is  first  juissed  on  the  right,  and  then  Fort  Winthrop,! 
which,  due  E.  of  S.  Boston,  is  Castle  Island.     Fortifications  weret 
here  in  1634,  ''to  make  many  shots  at  such  ships  as  shall  off'ertofi 
the  harbor  without  their  goo»l  leave  and  liking ;  it  is  of  very  gooil 
to  awe  any  insolent  persons,  that,  putting  confidence  in  their  shipil 
sails,  shall  offer  any  injury  to  the  people,  or  contemn  their  governii) 
and  they  have  certain  signals  of  alanas  ^cannon  ar^d  lights  on  Beacon^ 
which  suddenly  spread  through  the  whole  country."    At  the  core 
of  King  William,  the  battery  was  called  Castle  William,  and  was  i 
strengthened  by  the  British,  until  at  the  evacuation  of  Boston  tlit' 
stroyed  it.     It  was  repaired  by  the  Americans  in  time  to  fire  a  \^ 
salute  for  the  surrender  of  Burgoyne  (1777).     In  1798,  President  i 
Adams  being  present,  it  was  uamed  Fort  Independence,  and  ceded  tij 
United  States.     The  present  fort  is  now  used  as  an  ordnance-deiiet. 

In  240  years  the  little  mud  fort,  passing  through  the  gradutioiiij 
wooden  palisade  and  a  brick  "castle,"  has  developed  into  a  granite 
ress  of  great  power  and  destructive  force.     S.  E.  of  Castle  Ishiml  iM 
tacle  Island,  where  are  carried  the  dead  horses  from  Boston,  ami 
S.  is  Thompson's  Island,  which  bears  the  Farm  School,  -ti^ 

institution,  where        neglected  street  arabs  and  poor  orjihans 
are  cared  for.     Well-fed  and  clothed,  they  are  employed  in  farming j 
warmer  months,  and  schooling  in  the  winter,  and  at  the  age  of  m 
one  receive  a  suit  of  clothes  and  one  hundred  dollars.     Eastwaf 


HuIl(*//<,;e/Pmi 
[•^rminus  of  the  beach  ra 
•  kvond  Hinglian.,  is  a 
'"cJ  In-  a  marine  observa 

'onjiill  occupies  the  gre 
"'e  South  Shore,  and  n, 
r'f'o.'s  in  poh-tical  campa 
■^"Mlo  not  fail  to  draw  fo 
"'^-    1'lie  railroad  and  Ii" 
-^"f^non,  an  adventuro,., 
S"o"  White  Angel  "fo 
M. low  leads  out  on  Nan 
^^^«'HUM.Iong.    The  bat 


BOSTON  HARBOR. 


Route  2,     23 


bmpson's  is  Long  Island,  the  site  of  a  large  institution  erected  in  1887 

the  city  paupers.     On  the   high  bluffs  of   tiiis   island  is   an  iron 

llithouse  which  can  be  seen  from  15  M.  off  at  sea.    A  powerful  battery 

been  built  by  the  General  Government  at  the  head  of  Long  Island. 

I  of  the  battery  is  the  reef  of  Nix's  l\Iate,  with  a  massive  pyramid  of 

Ue  and  iron  32  ft.  high,  warning  seamen  of  a  dangerous  shoal.    In  1636 

kixes  ilande"  covered  12  acres,  and  it  long  served  as  a  place  to  execute 

j-ates  and  murderers.     The  legend  reports  that  Captain  Nix  was  k'^led 

!  liis  mate,  and  that  the  latter  was  executed  on  this  spot,  declaring  his 

ocence,  and  prophesying  that  the  island  would  wash  away  in  proof  of 

Tlie  fact  that  but  one  acre  of  shoal,  and  a  low,  narrow  ledge  of  rocks 

^lain,  is  thoiight  to  help  the  legend  very  much. 

E.  of  Long  Island,  and  7  M.  from  Boston,  is  Rainsford's  Island, 
lere  a  hospital  was  located  in  1738.  Here  is  the  city  alms-house.     Gal- 
Li's  Island,  to  the  N.,  is  one  of  the  Quarantine  Stations.     Still  farther 
on  George's  Island,  stands  Fort  Warren,  a  powerful  fortress  of  the 
|t  class,  called  th'^  key  of  Boston  Harbor.     It  was  built  between  1833 
>  1850,  of  hammered  Quincy granite, with  powerful  water-batteries.  Dur- 
tlie  Rebellion  many  Confederate  chiefs  were  imprisoned  in  its  case- 
ls,  the  most  noted  of  whom  were  Mason  and  Slidell,  taken  from  the 
tisli  mail-steamer  "  Trent,"  Nov.  8,  18G1,  by  Capt.  Wilkes,  of  the 
|S.  frigate  "  San  Jacinto."   The  British  government  made  a  peremptory 
nand,  and  President  Lincoln  finaily  surrendered  these  rebel  commis- 
[lers,  who  went  to  Europe  in  January,  1862.  E.  of  Fort  War- 

on  a  small  islet  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbor,  stands  the  massive 
lie  shaft  of  Boston  Light.  This  structure  occupies  the  site  of  the 
[tliouse  established  in  1715,  and  is  furnished  with  a  powerful  revolting 
It  nearly  100  ft.  above  the  sea.  To  the  N.  is  a  cluster  of  rocky 
Is;  and  to  the  W.  is  the  Bug  Light,  where  iron  pillars  uphold  a  small 
(sy,  over  which  is  a  lixed  red  light. 

HmH  {*  Jlottl  Pemberton  ;  0  re  yon  House  ;  iSt.  Cloud), 

terminus  of  the  beach  railway  whicii  diverges  from  the  Old  Colony 
beyond  Hinghani,  is  a  small  village  under  the  lee  of  a  high  hill, 
Jiicd  by  a  marine  observatorj',  much  visited  during  the  summer.     Tlie 
I  of  Hull  occupies  the  great  natural  breakwater  which  runs  N.  and  W. 
tlie  South  Shore,  and  guards  the  harbor.   Its  population  is  small,  and 
llertncss  in  political  campaigns,  joined  with  its  practical  insignificance 
pill,  di)  not  fail  to  draw  fortii  much  good-humored  jesting  from  the  Bos- 
uns.   Tiie  railroad  and  highway  run  seaward  by  Point  Allerton  (from 
Ailenon,  an  adventurous  Pilgrim,  who  cruised  the  coast  of  Maine  in 
barque  "  White  Angel  "  for  several  years,  early  in  the  17th  centurj'). 
[road  now  leads  out  on  Nantasket  Beach,  a  line  of  hard  and  surf-beaten 
isaiid,  4  M.  long.    The  bathing  here  is  capital,  and  driving  is  easy  and 


r 


a 


■'  i.i 


ir-; 


:ir 


i< 


i1- 


u 


24     Rmite  2. 


HINGHAM. 


pleasant  at  low  tide.  Near  the  S.  end  of  the  beach  are  the  Rockland 
and  Atlantic  Houses,  first-class  hotels  accommodating  several  huudrei 
guests  each  ($4.50  a  day),  and  many  smaller  hotels  and  restaurants. 

The  steamboats  run  from  Boston  to  this  locality  several  times  daily,  ii 
summer,  and  also  to  Ilingham  and  to  the  modern  summer  resort  of  Downei 
Landing  (*  B-ose  Standish  House),  in  the  harbor.  The  picnic-grouinlsol 
Melville  Gardens  are  at  Downer,  and  several  neat  little  cottages  are  sea 
tipon  the  bluff  above.    A  fine  harbor-side  road  leads  hence  to  Hingliaia 

The  Jerusalem  Road  runs  S.  from  the  Hingham-Nantasket  roadti 
Cohasset,  following  the  curves  of  the  ocean-shore,  and  generally  on  liip 
hills  and  cliffs.     The  scenery  along  this  route  is  grand,  and  many  wcaltb 
Bostonians  have  built  villas  there,  with  wide  lawns  running  down  totlij 
surf.     The  Black-Rock  House,  Konohasset  House,  and  Warren  Bate* 
(address,  Coliasset)  are  on  this  road. 

Hingham  ( Cusking  House,  ^8  -  12  a  week)  is  a  quaint  village  S.  ofi!i| 
harbor,  which  was  settled  in  JG^iS,  and  was  often  ravaged  during  the  I 
dian  wars.     Its  first  pastor  came  from  Hingham,  in  England,  and  ^\ 
its  name  to  the  struggling  colony.     Situated  amid  fine  coast-scenery,  i 
12  M.  (by  water)  from  Boston,  this  "Marine  Old  Hadley"  drew  nij^ 
visitors,  and  its  large  hotel,  the   Old  Colony  House  (burned  in  Oiij 
ber,  1872)  was  well  pj  i .  onized.     A  quaint  edifice  on  the  main  st. 
the  Railroad  Station,  built  nearly  square,  with  the  roof  sloping  ste«[| 
up  on  4  sides  to  a  balustraded  platform,  surmounted  by  a  narrow-))(ii: 
belfry,  is  "the  oldest  church  in  Yankeedom,"     It  was  built  iu  1k| 
for  the  Congregational  Society  of  Hingham,  who  still  use  it. 

Behind  the  church  is  the  *  old  graveyard,  covering  a  finely  terraced  liillij 
containing  Inuidreds  of  ancient  stones.    In  tlie  southern  i)iirt  is  a  plain  and 
fill  obelisk  of  gi'anite,  on  wliicli  are  inscribed  the  names  of  76  soldier.-i  of  !U 
ham  who  died  in   the  war  for  the  Union.     On  the   highest  hill,  on  a  m\ 
surrounded  by  a  circular  earthwork,  is  a  tall  obelisk  of  granite  "To  tliif 
settlers  of  Hingham."    Elsewhere  rests,  unUur  a  noole  statue,  John  Albioiij 
drew,  the  great  war-governor  of  Massachusetts,  who,  during  tlie  battle-] 
18{il-(t5,  did  more  than  any  other  man  to  raise,  equip,  and  forward  to  tlie( 
the  inunense  levies  of  troops  from  tliis  State.     He  was  distinguished  fur  fa 
eloquence,  great  executive  ability, 'and  tender  provision  for  tlie  disabled  sullj 
He  died  in  1807.     Near  the  entrance  to  the  cemetery  is  the  tomb  of  Beiija 
Lincoln,  a  major-general  in  tlie  Continental  Army,  second  in  command  i'(| 
Army  of  the  Nortli  whicii  cajjtured  Biirgoyne.  commander  of  the  Aniiyo!| 
Soutli,  1778-80,  repulsed  from  Savannah  and   Stono  Ferry.     After  eiidi 
siege  of  0  weeks  at  Cliarleston  (spring  of  1780),  he  was  forced  to  suriviiJ 
Sir  Henry  Clinton.     Having  been  exchanged,  he  commanded  the  centre  at  II 
town,  and  was  Secretary  of  War,  1781-84.    He  died  at  Hingham,  his  birtlf 
(1733),  in  1810. 

The  Charlestown  District  includes  the  ancient  city  of  Charleslij 
which  was  annexed  to  Boston  in  1873.     It  has  about  34,000  iii 
ants,  2  banks,  2  savings-banks,  3  papers,  13  churches,  and  lai',t,'o 
refineries,  tanneries,  distilleries,  bakeries,  etc.      Two  bridges  orossl 
Charles  River  to  Boston  ;  one  leads  to  E.  Cambridge  ;  and  another  ciij 
the  broad  Mystic  River  to  Chelsea.    Iu    the   S.  part  is   City 


ere  extensive  domed 
fverJj  Hotel.    Near 
iva.  ling-room.     Ha 
J7  Yard,  coverijig  ov 
p  ■stoiie-wall,  IQ  ft.  ] 
L'"  only  by  a  few  wJi 
»''^-  341    ft.  long  an 
i'"'«  ^'onstruction-dep 
-s'loj's  are  in  the  y 
rope-walk,   J    jj. 
'"-■'•e, -the   "Fro'lic 
"Morrimac,"  <«Ca 
|a,"ctc. 

bailestown  has  a  hands, 

rnroo' America  crowni. 
beIo> '  lier. 


to 


'larbor. 


;'«  ff'-oat  network  of  tjl 

'^'»er  below,  while,  be 
2 


ENVIRONS   OF  BOSTON. 


Route  i.        25 


hi 


ere  extensive  domed  buildings  on  the  left  were  formerly  occupied  as  the 
Lverl}'  Hotel.    Near  by  is  the  old  City  Hall,  in  which  is  a  fine  library 

i\ai ling-room.  Main  St.,  to  the  right,  leads  to  the  United  States 
fry  Yard,  covering  over  100  acres,  and  separated  irom  the  city  by  a 
n-  stone-wall,  16  ft.  high.  A  sea-wall  extends  along  the  water-front, 
kill  only  by  a  few  wharves  and  a  great  dry-dock,  built  of  hammered 
kitu    3-11    ft.  long  and    80  ft.  wide,  and   costing  nearly    .f  700,000. 

ors  construction-depots,  magazines  of  naval  stores,  barracks,   and 

-shops  are  in  the  yard;  also  4  large  ship-houses,  and  a  granite- 
rope-walk,  i  M.  long.  Many  famous  -.var-ships  have  been 
ln,,-e, —the  "Frolic,"  "Independence,"    •'Vermont,"    "Cumber- 

,"  "Merrimac,"  "  Canon  icus,"    "  WacUi.sett,"  "Huron,"  "  Talla- 

|a,"  etc. 

bilcstown  has  a  handsome  soldiers'  monument,  —  on  a  tall  pedestal, 

[lire  o'  America  crowning  representatives  of  the  Army  and  Navy,  who 

bL'lo>'  her.    In  the  building  alongside  Bunker  Hill  Monument  is  a 

jstatue  of  Gen.  Joseph  Warren,  who  was  killed  on  the  Hill;  and  on 

(;Uli  near  by  is  a  noble  bronze  statue  of  Col.  Prescott. 

Prison  Point  are  the  great  granite  buildings  occupied  by  the  Mas- 

iisetts  State  Prison.     The  four  northern  railroads  enter  Boston  near 

Ipoint,  crossing  the  Charles  River,  and  wellnigh  hiding  the  stream 

their  long  and  multitudinous  bridges, 
jit  far  from  the  prison  is  an  ancient  cemetery,  where  a  simple  and  mas- 
granite  shaft  has  been  erected  by  Harvard  alumni,  to  the  memory  of 
Harvard,  the  early  benefactor  of  the  University, 
principal  attraction  of  Charlestown  is  *  Bunker  Hill  Monument, 
|y  obelisk  on  the  site  of  the  battle  of  Breed's  Hill  (1775).     It  is  built 
courses  of  Quincy  granite,  is  221  ft.  in  height,  and  30  ft.  square 
1  base.     A  spiral  flight  of  295  steps,  ranged  around  a  hollow  cone, 
to  a  chamber  11  ft.  in  diameter,  with  windows  on  each   side. 
!  is  the  apex-stone,  weighing  2|  tons.  (A  small  fee,  20  cts.,  is  charged 
[mission.  Books  about  the  monument,  &c.,  sold  in  the  porter's  lodge). 
*view  from  the  top  is  glorious.      From  the  S.  E.  window  the 
I  Yard  is  seen,  with  all  its  manifold  activities,  —  its  ship-houses, 
kck,  rope-walk,  and  frigates.     Beyond  tliis  is  the  confluence  of  the 
Is  and  Mystic  Rivers,  and  East  Boston;  above  which  is  Fort  War- 
I  George's  Island  at  the  moutli  of  the  harbor.     Forts   Winthrop 
lilfpendence,  and  the  archipelago  of  variously  utilized  islands  which 
|e  liarbor,  all    are    visible   from  this  point.      From   the    S.  W. 
is  seen  the  city  of  Boston,  with  Copp's  Hill  nearest  on  the  1. 
I  spires  and  domes  of  its  church  and  state  buildings  rising  on  all 
I  Tiie  great  network  of  the  northern  railroads  and  highways  crosses 
I  River  below,  while,  beyond  the  city,  the  southern  and  western 


il^ 


26       Route  S. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


roads   emerge.      Farther  still,   on  the  r.,   is  S.   Boston,    and  ovir 
Quincy,  Dorchester,  and  the  blue  liiUs  of  Milton.     Over  Boston  are  i 
bury  and  Brookline,  and  directly  below  are  the  houses  of  Chailcstoij 
From  the  N.  W.  window,  the   State  Prison,  Cambridge,   and  Lrigh:] 
the  McLean  Asylura,  the  Harvard  Observatory,  the  city  of  Sonierr] 
Arlington,  and  Medford.     It  is  said  that,  in  very  clear  weather,  wij 
strong  glass,  may  be  seen  Mt.  Wachusett  (over  Cambridge),  and  sucJ 
sively  to   the  r.,  Mt.   Monadnock,   Kearsarge,  and  the  White  JltJ 
New  Hampshire.     From  the  N.  E.,  Everett,  a;   ■  Revere  with  itsk 
the  city  of  Chelsea,  with  the  U.  S.   Marine  Hospital,  and,  over  it,| 
city  of  Lynn,     Nahant  runs  into  the  sea  to  the  r. 

The  comer-stone  of  this  stately  monument  was  laid  in  1825  by  Genpisil 
Fayette,  on  the  fiftietli  anniversary  of  the  battle.     It  was  completed  in  IMI 
dedicated  on  the  sixty-eighth  anniversary  of  the  battle,  in  the  preseuee  dff 
dent  Tyler  and  his  cabinet,  and  with  an  oration  by  Daniel  Webster.    In  tliei 
chamber  are  two   cannon,  named   "Hancock"  and   "Adams,"  eacli  iiiserj 
"This  is  one  of  four  cannons  which  constituted  the  wliole  train  of  liclil;iiTJ 
possessed  by  the  British  colonies  of  North  America  at  the  commencenioiit  * 
•,-ar,  on  the  19th  of  A.pril,  1775.     This  cannon  and  its  fellow,  belongin;.,' to  a 
bt;r  of  citizens  of  Bost  tn,  were  usi:d  in  many  engagements  during  tlie  war,  I 
otlitr  two,  the  prop'^rty  of  the  Government  of  Massachusetts,  were  talven  l] 
eneniv." 

Battle  of  Banker  HllL 

"  In  their  rapgcd  rcftimcntnls 
Stood  the  old  Continentals, 

Yielding  not. 
When  the  Rrenodiers  were  hinging, 
Aud  like  hail  tell  the  plunging 
Cnnnon-shot ; 
Where  the  tiles 
Of  the  isles 
From  the  smoky  night-encampment  bore  the  banner  of  the  rampant  unicorn, 
And  grummer.grunirner,  grummer,  rolled  the  roll  of  the  drummer  through  thtij 

After  an  impressive  prayer  by  President  Langdon,  of  Harvard  CoHokI 
Btarry  night  of  June,  1775,  Colonel  Prescott  led  a  thousand  men  to  Buntel 
His  force  was  composed  of  troops  from  Essex,  Middlesex,  and  Councitini 
Gridley's  artillery.     His  orders  were  to  fortify  the  hill,  but  a  council  of  o£ 
the  detachment  changed  the  plan,  and  they  occupied  Breed's  Hill,  as  imutj 
Boston  and  more  surely  commanding  the  roads  to  the  north.    Tlio  wol 
commenced  at  midnight,  imder  the  supervision  of  General  Gridley,  an  nidi 
of  the  Louisbourg  and  Canadian  wars,  and  by  dawn  thay  had  comiiletciiaa 
132  ft.   square  and  6  ft.   high      The  frigates  in  Charles  River  first  sawf 
opened  a  tremendous  fire,  which  awoke  all  Boston.     The  batteries  on  Oi 
then  opened  lire,  and  at  noon  2,000  i)icked  men  from  the  British  garri.si)u( 
tlie  river.     The  New  England  flag  (blue,  with  8t.  George's  Cross  on  the  \\ 
emblem)  was  hoisted  over  the  redoubt,  ana  the  1st  and  2d  New  Haiii]isi 
forced  the  weary  provincials.     At  2  o'clock  2,000  more  soldiers  crossed  Ip| 
ton,  and  soon  after,  after  a  furious  cannonade  from  Copp's  Hill  and  the 
British  column  advanced.    Gen.  Putnam  ordered  the  Americans  to  V\ 
fire  until  tliey  could  see  the  whites  of  the  assailants'  eyes  ;  and  1500  A- 
determined  men  waited  till  that  aiipointed  time,  and  then  lired.    "  WhdloJ 
of  the  British  regulars  were  laid  upon  tlie  earth,  like  grass  by  tlie  mower.-J 
Other  deadly  volleys  followed,   and  tlie   enemy,  disconcerted,  broke, 
toward  the  water."    While  they  rallied,  the  Copp's  Hill  guns  showered  1 
and  carcasses  on  Charle.stown.    200  houses  soon  were  burning,  and  under! 
dense  masses  of  smoke  the  royal  forces  advanced  again.     The  voUeyf 
range,  the  carnage,  and  the  flight  of  the  British,  was  repeated.     The 
ammunition  was  now  exliauated,  the  presence  of  floating  batteries  raJiiugl 


1-      o/,Ju„,,  tJ.eAmer 


Iwn  Neck  prevented  eit 
I   tie  British,  heav.jy 

[."Mi.nver  of  .stones  an 

K'niemi  a  retreat  w 
■ '"  Connecticut     I 

^s..  nearly  won"" ''V'"''* 
[Ko»etarJ,e,v'U-in"l'l'' 
t  »va.s  the  head  of    '"''  ^^ 

fc""'"""i-oJ;S^5' 
'      '  -'"'^"^.  hke  the  hoai 


ielsea 


{C 


^f '-'•i  ^^-ith  Boston  bV 

J«".^  bridge  over  the  M 
;"•'"«  Hospital,  the  ]atte 
^^"''•oad  Station  is 

'  ^f  a  soldier  standing 

Icadiiir 
i.s 


a  SoJ 


from  til 
*'"'oiigIi  a  ]oft 


beautil'iij 
Jiainl. 


pretty  view  is 
vistas,  witli 

^'ethej-wood  P, 
'^'^"'■iousGinkotree.s 
^'']  ''''«  ^3  chtirchcs  2 

^'''-'^•^^a  •' became  pJ 

fuvoi-ed  by  c] 

"  AI.  UistI 


las 


live  ]] 


ere. 


^''•■aL'Jiis2-3 


Wa 


''«''ea  poff»r„  •^,'indbj 


jVtl 


raeivj 

e  MU' 
vev  it.l 


\u  W-\ 
lice  cti 
In  tlien 
,i'h  iiisttj 

;euiout  ti| 

rin^toa 

tlie  WM. ' 

taken  1 


unicorn. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


Jtoute  2. 


27 


Icrosseil  IK 

and  tla; 

,ans  t>.  IhJ 

id  ir^<w;i 

broke, ' 

[and  unikij 
he  v""'-'' 
d.    Tkf 
ies  rakiugi 


ni  Neck  prevented  either  reinforcements  or  fresh  supplies  from  reachmg  them  ; 
III  the  British,  heavily  reinforced,  and  maddened  hy  their  losses,  advanced  a 
|rJ  time.    The  outworks,  swept  by  tlie  shot  from  the  Heet,  were  abiinfloned,  and 
leu  the  grenadiers  rose  upon  the  parapet  of  tlie  redoubt,  they  were  received 
[a  shower  of  stones,  and  confronted  by  men  with  clubbed  muskets.     Soon  Put- 
[I'l  oiilored  a  retreat,  which  was  covered  admirably  by  the  troojjs  of  New  Hamp- 
liv  and  Connecticut.     But  the  reserves  on  Bunker  Hill,  the  rear-f,'uard,  and  the 
ktti'ivil  garrison  from  Breed's  Hill,  were  iinecjual  to  fiu'ther  eHort,  and  there 
{ueil  a  general  (hhandnde  across  the  cannon-swept  Charlestown  Net^k.     The  day 
rnded  ;  and  although  Howe  soon  moved  the  bulk  of  his  army  on  these  hills, 
Uch  he  strongly  fortilied,  no  furtlier  combats  were  seen  herf.     In  the  battle  of 
17th  of  .June,  the  Americans  lost  115  killed,  805  wounded,  and  .SO  jirisoners  ; 
■itisii  lost  2'2G  killed,  82S  wounded  (Gage's  report).     40i)  houses  were  burnt 
ilestown,  and  5  cannon  were  taken  on  Bunker  Hill.     During  the  retreat 
bi  tiie  redoubt,  Putnam  swore  frightfully  at  his  men,  and  after  the  war,  sin- 
gly confessing  it  to  the  chundi  of  which  he  Wfis  a  member,  he  added,  "  It  was 
lost  enougli  to  make  an  angel  swear,  to  see  the  cowards  refuse  to  secure  a  vie- 
so  nearly  won."    Among  the  last  to  leave  the  hill  was  Warren,  and  ere  he 
gone  far  he  was  killed  by  a  shot  in  the  head.    Josepli  Warren,  born  lloxbury, 
"was  the  head  of  the  medical  professicm  in  Boston,  and  a  wise  and  patriotic 
ler  of  the  people.     He  was  the  President  of  the  Provincial  Congress,  a  moijor- 
pral  of  the  army,  and  Grand  Master  of  the  Masonic  Order  in  America.     "He 
kith  ,1  munerous  band  of  kindred  sjjirits  —  the  gray-haired  veteran,  the  strip- 
lin      ■  llower  of  youth  —  who  had  stood  side  by  side  on  that  dreadful  day, 
Ifell  together,  like  the  beauty  of  Israel  in  their  high  places."  —  Everett. 

lelsea  {City  Hotel),   a   city  of  24,000  inhabitants,   is 

lii'ctuil  with  Boston  by  a  steam  ferry  (Ig  M.),  and  with  Charlestown 

long  bridge  over  the  Mystic  River.     The  Naval  Hospital  and  the  U. 

laiine  Hospital,  the  latter  a  large  and  stately  building,  are  here.    Near 

^lailroad  Station  is  a  Soldiers'  Monument,  —  a  shaft  of  granite  witli  a 

of  a  soldier  standing  at  ease  npon  its  .summit.     Woodlawn  Ceme- 

I  IS  about  2  M.  from  the  city,  and  is  Approached  by  a  graceful  ave- 

j  leading  through  a  lofty  Gothic  gateway.     The  Rock  Tower,  to  the 

is  a  rude  pile  of  boulders,  78  ft.   in  diameter  and  30  ft.  high, 

i  wliich  a  pretty  view  is  obtained.     Netherwood  and  Woodside  Aves. 

beautiful  vistas,  with  the  quiet  grace  of  American  cemeteries  on 

hand.     Netherwood  Pond,  the  views  from  Chapel  and  Elm  Hills, 

[lie  curious  Ginko  trees,  are  worthy  of  attention. 

plsea  has  13  churches,  2  newspapers,  a  costly  high-school  building,  a 

and  some  manufactures.     It  was  settled  in  1630,  and  incorporated 

is,  and  was  so  unprogressive  for  many  decades  that  tlie  saying  "  As 

jas  Chelsea "  became  proverbial.     Many  persons  doing  business  in 

live  here,  favored  by  cheap  rents  in  this  quiet  and  pleasant  city. 

L  iicacli  is  2-3  M.  distant,  and  is  reached  by  horse-cars  (see  page 


■Mass,  Soldiers'  Home  (for  veterans  of  the  Civil  War)  is  on  Chelsea  nijrhl.Tnda 
Icicnt  Powder-Horn  Hill),  over  the  f^uhurb  of  Cnreyville.  The  lull  is  30r'  ft. 
Ind  commands  a  superb  view,  includinir  Boston  Harbor,  the  Ocean,  the  Bhio 

en  Initios  and  many  villafjes,  and  the  mountains  ou  the  N.  W.    It  is  near  a 

lof  tlie  Eastern  R.  R  ,  and  but  a  short  drive  from  Revere  Beach. 

|Chelsea  pottery  and  tiles  are  famous  for  their  artistic  beauty  ;  also,  the  tile 

Dd  Magee  furnaces. 


'  ■■V 


8!f 


,   i; 

h 


I 


m 


28       Route  2. 


ENVIRONS   OF   BOSTON. 


ft-: 


Lexington  and  Concord.    (See  page  405.) 

Tlie  *  Massachvsrttfi  Ifovi^e,  at  Lexington,  was  built  for  the  lieaclquarters  o 
State  oil  tlie  PliilafU'li)hia-CfMiteniiial  ^jromids,  and  afterwanls  removed  t' 
vill.iKe.     It  is  a  f|naint-ni))iearin<i  structure,  in  eolonial  architecture,  ami  i 
serves  for  a  hotel  and  sumuier-resort. 

Lexington  (Manmncnt  House),  a  quiet  and  pretty  village  12  to !: 
M.  N.  W.  of  Boston,  is  built  on  one  long  .street,  terminating  on  t: 
west  in  a  1^"  d  green,  on  which  is  a  plain  monument,  more  solid  ti.; 
graceful,  ii    memory  of  8  men  killed  here  during  the  battle. 

CoDOOrd  ( Wrif/hfs  Tavern),  near  the  tranquil  Concord  River,  ais 
the  junction  of  the  Assabet  and  Sudbury  Rivers  (so-called),  is  a  Iiasiil 
Some  village  of  about  4,000  inhabitants,  and  about  20  M.  from  Bosta 
In  1635  Peter  Bulkley,  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  and  21  \m 
rector  of  Odell,  was  silenced  by  Archbishop  Laud,  and  fled  to  Anicriaj 
In  16b*i  he  purchased  of  the  Indians  a  tract  of  land  at  Musketaquid, 
foundec'  the  town  and  church  of  Concord,  so-named  from  the  peacelj 
manner  )f  its  acquisition.  Bulkley  wrote  some  Latin  poems  and  I'urid 
theological  theses,  and  "was  as  remarkable  for  benevolence  and  kind  deij 
ing  as  for  strict  virtue." 

But  it  is  during  the  present  century  that  the  lives  of  three  of  the  foreoj 
literary  men  of  America  have  made  Concord  famous.    Henry  D.  Tlioreau ' 
U.,   1827),   an    eccentric    yet    ])r()f()und  scholar  and    naturalist,   in  1840  1(| 
himself  a  hut  on  the  shores  of  the  sequestered  Waldeu  Pond  (1   M.  is.  E 
the  village),  where  he  led  a  recluse  life,  raising  a  few  vegetables,  and  wa 
ally  surveying  or  carpentering  to  get  money  for  his  slight  expenses.    He  ix' 
voted,  never  entered  a  church,  never  paid  a  tax.     Profoundly  skilled  in  ds, 
and  Oriental  literature,  and  an  ard^it  naturalist,  his  (diief  delight  was  li  ii 
long  pedestrian  excursions  to  the  forests  and  lakes  and  ocean-shoros  of 
England.     Of  himself  he  said,  "  I  am  as  unlit  for  any  practical  purpose  as  p 
mer  is  for  ship-timber."    "  Thoreau  dedicated  his  genius,  with  such  entiie  lov 
the  fields,  hills,  and  waters  of  his  native  town,  that  he  made  them  known  aw] 
teresting  to  all.     He  grew  to  be  revered  and  admired  by  his  townsmen,  \\k, 
at  lirst  known  him  only  as  an  oddity."  —  Emekson.     He  died  in  18C2,  liavin: 
great  work  unfinished,  and  his  only  remains  are  several  quaint  and  cliai 
books  of  travel. 

Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  (H.  U.,  1821),  "the  sage  of  Concord,"  or,  as  Fi 
Bremer  calls  him,   "  the  Sphinx  in  Concord,"  is  the  head  of  the  s(' 
transcendental    philosophy    in  Anierica    and    in  the  world.      Descendi'il 
seven  generations  of  ministers,  and  himself  sometime  a  minister,  in  wirl] 
hejoincd,  and  since  has  led,  the  most  advanced  and  refined  school  of  in 
trniisceiidental  philosophy.    His  writings  are  "  distinguished  for  a  singidar 
of  poetic  imagination  with  practical  acuteness,"  and  also  by  a  remarkable  jiui 
and  comjiresscd  force.     During  his  visits  to  Europe  much  honor  has  been  si 
him,  and  many  of  the  greatest  minds  of  the  century  have  visited  "the  jiretty 
idyllian  city  of  Concord  "  (liUEMKu)  to  hold  interviews  with  him.    Thoifaii ' 
Curtis,  in  Ids  residence  at  Concord  in  1844-45,  and  Hawthorne  have  l 
friends  at  home.     (The  old  Emerson  homestead  was  burnt,  July  24,  1^7-, 
after  whicli  the  pliilosopiier  went  to  Europe  for  a  h)ng  absence.)    He  dWd'w 

Nathaniel  Hawthorac;  (Bowdoin  College,  1825),  whose  exquisite  prose  cm 
tiou  is  world-renowned,  li\'ed  at  Concord  in  1843 -4G,  and  here  wrote  the  " 
from  an  Old  Manse."    (See  Salem,  Mass.) 


1/     I    -^  "'« mmtnn 

•"' a. distant  Chun  J,.|V' 
".^"'o'l'c',don,,eajtn 

•"''"•'.""'"nhoconc  s 
'.^"I'''".  at  dawn,  in, 


'"'  y  tmm  the  I/oj.f  ;,,> 
"•  ■""'  "'"'er  the  .smo 
TT'  ''■•>■  ^'w'd  on  t 

„„J^"/;  t''f  Comm  n 
•    ''■"  miiitai-v  oi'ifi 
sm-c  aim 


.1/ 


ten 

r<iv  thvd  with 


'Y'"^  (i,e  io„;:";oT  •. 

"'>e    tlieiil    frnni    *i 


r,viir<i\' 
|e  1 

iti 


J'^  Of  B„sl„„  ,fc„^„. 


.  '""'^^Wge,  on  the  , 
•^J'^^'«"«  grounds  and 

^'fe'e.),di«|    e.'vf  Pf'^^'-oJ 

'•«'»^' also  the  nr""*'!''^'--"' 

''^'■^fateh;?' f^-^I'^'ciali 
'^  CoJIe.  e  }  f^^'if'"-"'.  I 
"»■«'>'•  H.u.v.P^'t«fi'-s 

'''''''■'■''W    104     ''•     ^''J«1J 
■■^<'tisn74T'';'*i''^<^^vore| 


h  the  J 

'  tliey 
.  and 

'»"..,, .  "'0  American 


The  Battle  of  Concord  and  Lexington. 

At  midnight,  April  18,  1775,  General  Gage  sent  800  grenadiers  and  light  i 


t 

(<; 

"iiiiihcTed  16  nnn'" '"'""'•I 
2,.S0() /Von,  (V.       ""'"'»  .J| 


^heJl.raryandail 


SSIf 


hr-^«>'tilery  /"^'";^''^MV| 
f^-ts,ana{iJ'X,«^CamJ 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


Jioiite  2. 


29 


Itii  (Irstrny  the  militaiy  stores  collected  hy  the  Aiuerieans  at  Concorrl.     "  At  first 

|t):i'  wliolt!  country  a]>iit!are<l  buried  in  a  general  sleep till  the  deep  tones 

Bl' a  distant  ehunli-bell  came  sweeping  down  the  valley  in  wlii(^h  they  marched, 

riii'in.,'  peal  "u  jieal,  in  the  (piick,  spirit-stirring  sounds  of  an  alarm Bell 

bi>  an  lo  answer  bell  in  every  direction,  ....  fires  blazed  along  the  heights,  the 
"lowing  oftlio  conchs  and  horns  mingled  with  the  rattling  of  the  muskets  and 
llic  variiiiis  tones  of  the  bells  "  (Cooper),  and  when  the  troops  deployed  on  Lexing- 
jiii  Cri'cn,  at  dawn,  100  militia  jnen  confronted  them.  "  Disjiersc,  ye  rebels, 
[iiidw  liiiwn  your  arms,  ami  disjierse  !  "  cried  the  British  commantler,  Fitcairn.  A 
lUi  V  IVoin  the  liglit  infantry  broke  the  line  which  refused  to  obey  Pitcairn's  or- 
iel, iiml  under  the  smoke  of  the  first  shots  of  the  War  of  Independence  eight 
Liiiiricans  lay  dead  on  the  green.  Now  by  a  rapid  march  the  invaders  o(H'upied 
Cmiiiiril,  (i  M.  distant,  and  destroyed  such  of  the  military  stores  as  had  not 
(Mil  ifiiinvcil.  Meanwhile,  400  minute-men  had  gathered  near  the  north  bridge, 
I M.  IVoni  the  Common,  and  soon  they  attacked  and  drove  away  3  companies 
li;,'iit  infantry  detailed  to  guard  it,  upon  which  the  retreat  to  Boston  was 
:Mvi\.  All  military  order  among  the  provincials  was  at  an  end  ;  minute-men 
|cre  colh-cting  from  all  points  ;  from  every  house,  barn,  and  stone-wall  guns 
Iciv  firi'd  with  sure  aim  ;  and  the  red  uniforms  of  dead  and  wounded  regulars 
Iroucil  tlie  long  road.  ^  M.  E.  of  Lexintjton  church,  the  remnant  of  the  de- 
icliiiieiit  was  reinforced  by  Lord  I'en-y,  witli  ;<  rei^imcnts,  2  divisions  of  n  arines, 
,  I  a  battery.  The  pitiless  provincials  worried  them  until  they  reached  Prospect 
iill,  in  Cambridge,  where  700  men  of  E-sex,  with  the  nnlitia  of  I.)()rchester  and 
[r)xl)ury,  stopped,  and  held  the  flower  of  the  British  army  until  Percy's  artil- 
ryilrove  them  from  the  field,  and  the  nolile  Northumbrian  led  his  sliatterod 
jlV,  ns  on  Bunker  Hill,  under  protection  of  the  fleet.  On  this  memorable  day, 
Ic  1  -al  forces  lost  Go  killed,  180  wounded,  uud  28  prisoners  ;  while  the  Araericiius 
\t  i)   killed,  a9  wounded,  and  5  missing. 


Cambridge. 

IW.  of  Boston  (horse-cars  from  Bowdoiu  Sq.)  is  the  ancient  academic 
[y  of  Cambridge,  on  the  Charles  River.     About  3^  M.  from  Boston  are 

spacious  grounds  and  buildings  of  Harvard  University. 

• 

pnii  "Mge  was  settled  shortly  after  Boston,  under  the  name  of  Newtown.  In 
■0,  the  legislature  of  Massachusetts  (then,  and  occasionally  now,  called  the 
|u'ial  Court)  voted  £  400  for  the  establishment  of  a  school  here.  In  IttiS  John 
jvaiii,  the  young  pastor  of  Charlestown  (from  Emanuel  College,  in  Old  Cam- 
j;e,),  died,  leaving  to  the  young  school  his  library  and  about  £  800  in  money, 
jn  t!ie  (ieneral  Court  advanced  the  school  into  a  college,  and  named  it  Harvard, 
inking  also  the  name  Newtown  into  Cambridge,  in  memory  of  the  old  univer- 
j  tiiwn  where,  and  especially  at  Emanuel  College,  so  many  of  the  founders  of 
(iipw  State  had  studied.  In  1640  Charlestown  Ferry  wa.;  made  an  ai^panago 
Die  College  ;  in  1642  its  first  class  graduated  ;  and  in  1650  the  "  President  and 
Idws  oi'  Harvard  College  "  were  incorporate<l.  Endowments  and  gifts  now 
ii'd  in  from  the  province  and  its  citizens,  and  tie  young  college  became  the 
leof  New  England.  In  1096,  of  121  clergymen  in  the  eleven  counties  nearest 
lunbiidge,  104  were  graduates  of  Harvard.  Many  of  the  imlitical  leaders  of 
IWur  of  Independence  were  educated  here,  —  Sanniel  Adams  (class  of  1740), 
|es  Otis  (1743),  Artemas  Ward,  first  conunander  of  the  army  (1748),  John  Han- 
t  (1704),  Joseph  Warren  (1750).  In  May,  1769,  on  the  occupation  of  Boston 
jiiYiil  troops,  the  legislature  refused  to  sit  "  with  British  cannon  pointing  at 
r(lo(irs,"so  they  adjourned  to  the  college  buildings.  In  1775  the  students 
hi'ut  home,  and  the  classic  halls  were  turned  into  barracks  for  the  Continen- 
liiTs.  The  library  and  apparatus  were  sent  to  Andover  and  Concord.  The 
linarters  of  the  American  army  of  investment  was  near  the  College,  and  the 
Miundiered  16,000  men  in  June,  1775.  Of  these,  11,500  were  from  Massachu- 
,  '2,H0()  from  Connecticut,  1,200  from  New  Hampshire,  and  l.OiJO  from  Rhode 
Tlie  left  wing,  under  Ward,  consisting  of  15  Massachusetts  regiments  and 
ley  s  artillery,  lay  at  Cambridge.  Later,  Knox  brought  55  cannon  from  the 
I  Fort.s,  and  the  New  York  volunteers  and  Morgan's  Virginia  riflemen  joined 


u   \\ 


30      IloHte  2. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


the  camp.  The  10,000  royal  troops  in  Boston  were  environed  by  20  miles  of  n^j 
tonments,  stretching  from  tlie  Mystic  River  to  Roxbiiry.  Thomas,  witli  4,i  ij 
Massachusetts  troojis,  and  4  companies  ot  artillery,  helil  the  Roxbury  lines  ;  iIkJ 
Rliode  Island  men  were  at  Jamaica  Plain  with  .Sjiencer's  Connecticut  regiiiiinij 
The  New  Hampshire  brigade  was  at  Mcdford,  and  Putnam,  with  a  Connm  tii  jtj 
brigade,  held  Charlestown  Neck  and  })icketted  Bunker  Hill.  The  sie^^'i;  wii| 
hardly  over,  and  the  College  in  order  once  more,  when  the  great  captive  aiinvi 
Bnrgoyne  was  le(l  to  Cambridge  (Nov.  10,  1777).  The  government  ordercil'tLi 
college  to  be  vacated,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  British  and  Hessian  otli(tr\| 
But  the  collegiate  authorities,  feeling  that  enough  had  already  l)een  sacrillct'il  iJ 
them  in  the  cause  of  freedom,  sent  in  such  a  si)iritefl  protest  that  the  ordrr  \fj| 
reconsidered,  and  the  prisoners  en(;amped  on  Winter  and  Prospect  Hills 
1779,  when  they  were  sent  to  Charlottesville,  Virginia. 

In  1639  the  first  New  England  printing-press  was  set  up  here,  and  fori.j 
first  works  printed  the  "  Freeman's  Oath,"  "  The  New  Enghand  Aliu 
nac,"  and  the  "  Bay  Psalm  Book."    At  present  the  vast  University 
Riverside  Presses  turn  out  hundreds  of  thousands  of  volumes  yearly. 

Margaret  Fuller,  Countess  D'Ossoli,  was  bom  at  Cambridge,  1810.    A 
linguist  and  conversationalist,  she  became  an  enthusiastic  transceidentalist.ai 
after  writing  several  books,  and  spending  some  time  in  Europe,  she  married  0 
d'Ossoli,  but  was  wrecked  and  lost  on  the  P'ire  Island  coast,  returning,  in  ISin 

Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  was  born  at  Cambridge,  1809.     A  skilful  physiciimj 
lurer,  and  microscopist,  he  has  been  Professor  of  Anatomy  and   Physidlo-y 
Harvard  University  since  1847,  and  has  found  time  to  write  many  pleasant  esss] 
and  humorous  j,oems,  besides  two  or  three  novels  and  numerous  medical  letti 
and  dissertations. 

James  Russell  Lowell  was  bom  at  Cambridge,  in  1819.  After  writing  sevei 
volumes  of  poetiy,  and  .spending  some  years  in  Europe,  he  returned,  and  suiiic 
Mr.  Longfellow  as  Professor  of  Modern  Languages,  &c.,  in  Harvard  UnivcM 
He  has  published  "The  Biglow  Pajicrs  "  (two  series), — a  political  satire  in'j 
New  England  vernacular  ;  "  The  Cathedral,"  and  "  Under  tlie  Willows,"  liisl 
poems  ;  and  several  volumes  of  prose. 

F.  H.  Hedge,  the  Unitarian  theologian,  Alfred  Lee,  Bishop  of  Delawnre, 
Rear-Admiral  Charles  H.  Po(n',  were  born  in  Cambridge. 

"  Harvard  College  was  founded  at  Cambridge  oidy  ninety  years  later  than 
greatest  and  wealtlnest  college  of  our  Cambridge  in  Old  England.     Puritan  ' 
vard  is  the  sister  rather  than  the  daughter  of  our  own  Puritan  Emanuel.    Ha; 
himself,  and  Dunster,  the  first  President  of  Harvard,  were  among  the  eaiiiis 
the  scholars  of  Emanuel.  .  .  .  Our  English  universities  have  not  about  tlitii! 
classic  repose,  the  air  of  study,  which  belongs  to  Cambridge,  Massachusett 
Cambridge  comes  nearest  to  her  daughter  town,  but  even  the  English  Cainlrj 
has  a  breathing  street  or  two,  and  a  weekly  market-day,  while  Cambridge  in' 
England  is  one  great  academic  grove,  buried  in  a  philosophic  calm,  wliiili 
universities  cannot  rival  as  long  as  men  resort  to  them  for  other  purposes 
work."  —  Sir  Cuahles  Dilke. 

Among  the  most  distinguished  of  the  New- England-bom  alumni  of  II; 
may  be  named,  Increase  Mather  (class  of  1650),  Cotton  Mather  (1078),  John  Adi 
second  President  of  the  United  States  (1755),  John  Quincy  Adams,  his  son, 3 
President  of  the  United  States  (1787),  Fisher  Ames  (1774),  W.  E.  Channinj; 
Edward  Everett(lSll),  W.  H.  Prescott(1814),  Jared  Sparks  and  J.  G.  Palfipy(l; 
Caleb  dishing  and  George  Bancroft  (1817),  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  (18:il), 
Adams  (1825),  O.  W.  Holmes  (1829),  Charles  Sumner  (1830),  Wendell  Pliilli]* 
J.  L.  Motley  (1831),  H.  W.  Bellows  (1832),  R.  H.  Dana,  Jr.,  and  H.  D.  Tli. 
(1837).  J.  R.  Lowell  (1838),  E.  E.  Hale  (1839). 

The  average  age  at  which  youths  enter  Harvard  is  IS^  years  ;  and  the  sto 
are  generally  from  the  midfUe  classes,  — from  families  of  hereditary  cidture, 
sachusetts  has  about  §  of  the  students  ;  New  York  has  j^ ;  and  the  Western 
send  70  men.     Professorships  of  Music  and  of  the  History  of  Art  hav:i 
been  estaldished.     470  students  board  at  Memorial  Hall,  at  an  averaj,'e('i 
$4.52  a  week  each.     The  Medical  and  Dental  Schools  are  in  Boston.    Bel 


'  nnd  1070,  4:)  per  cpnt 

p'f  'niiJ,ii„g,s  of  the 
!''"^f"'-«-    The  .mail 
^'"»  contains  the  Lav 
worLs  on  this  sn^, 
^•''•s.     The  law-halj  a; 
•I"  eminent  Essex  f 
"""'  "«'I  is  known  ' 
\^  ^'^;ith  it,  i.s  Massach. 
'"to  two  large  ro( 

yo/.d  3ra.s.sachusetts  H 
'"•"'■y>  and  then 
'■fJie  street  is 

^^"'''"'•«  bount"yi\;hi 
^»  the   18th 


Holl 
the  qu, 


granite, 
Univer.si 


century 
•j^^'e  plain  ohl  Hoi 
"f'c  School.     Turnin. 
,7'  ^f/'  and  ornate  TJ 
;ton  Chapel.     Beyond 

y  "all,  built  of 

■  ^^eld  Hail. 

"\;vhich  consists  of  t 
(Koard  of  Overseers) 
"^  «t"J^es  and  of  sped 
^""rse  and  text-book  p 

■H^«"'i"g  the  power,  of 
";;"  ^n  the  variou^  d 
^"^"'•■^■^  &c.    Fouryeansl 
/■"^■^'■•■^  the  conrses  h 
":^'"^W  School 
'■^'  ''^■^"Pied  by  the  no| 

";«Hle),  and  the 
°'^^'  Wall  is  the  HohJ 
2r  ite  Mas,sachnsettr 
Gore  Hall,beyonJ 
^t  IS  a  neat  buiiai^j 

"'  t^'«  I4th.century| 


Beyl 


liOli.s 


arc! 


and 


CAMBRIDGE. 


Rmtte  S.    31 


l'"ri  -^    ^^Hn 

,\  s»ii'''«''^M'- 

Uutvev:.;^H 

satire.  ii'» 

,.  >>  lusl^^V' 

iter  tl>OT 
■unt:ni  a 
|u>\.    M 

,OUt  till'"'. 

;husett; 
DvWge  in 
,)urpo*es 


ini  of  llf^ 
John  A4 
I  his  soil. 
lianiiiii'cL 
Palfrey  01 

ell  piuiini 

IH.  D.  Tl'^ 

lid  the  st'ii) 

cnltiue, 

■WestRvn: 

krt  biiv;' 


ami  1070,  45  per  cent  of  the  Harvard  graduates  became  ministers  ;  between 
and  1770,  29  per  cent ;  and  between  1861  and  1870,  5J  per  cent. 

\\{'  buildings  of  the  University  ai'e  named  generally  in  honor  of  its 
'actors.    The  small  brick  building  on  the  comer  near  the  liorse-car 
ion  contains  the  Law  Library  (13,000  volumes)  embracing  the  stand- 
works  on  this  subject  by  American,  English,  French,  and  German 
crs.    The  law-hall  and  the  professorship  were  founded  by  Nathan 
,e,  an  eminent  Essex  County  jurist.    The  large  and  ornate  edifice  next 
anc  Hall  is  known  as  Matthews  Hall.     Beyond  this,  and  at  right 
Ifs  with  it,  is  Massachusetts  Hall,  an  ancient  building  which  has  been 
,'ed  into  two  large  rooms,  the  lower  of  which  is  occupied  us  a  read- 
oom. 

yniul  Mas.sachusetts  Hall  is  Harvard  Hall,  with  its  sober  ornaments 
l)clfry,  and  then  Hollis  and  Stoughton  Halls,  between  which,  and 
r  the  street  is  the  qiiaint  little  edifice  (said  to  have  been  built  by 
Iloldeu's  bounty)  which  was  long  used  as  a  chapel,  and  was  built 
iu  tlie  18th  century.  Across  tlie  upper  end  of  the  quadrangle 
lies  the  plain  old  Holworthy  Hall,  back  of  which  is  the  Lawrence 
tific  School.  Turning  now  on  the  other  side,  the  first  building  is 
ew,  lofty,  and  ornate  Thayer  Hall,  behind  which  is  the  romanesque 
clou  Chapel.  Beyond  Thayer  is  the  simple  and  substantial  Uni- 
y  Hall,  built  of  granite,  and  next  comes  tlie  modem  and  Mansard- 
Weld  Hall.  University  Hall  is  the  seat  of  the  University  gov- 
nt,  which  consists  of  the  President  and  six  Fellows,  with  a  second 
:h  (Board  of  Overseers)  elected  by  the  alumni.  The  system  of 
e  studies  and  of  special  series  of  lectures  is  supersetling  the  old 
course  and  text-book  plan,  and  Harvard  is  accepting  the  style,  as 
s  gaining  the  power,  of  the  German  universities.  Tliere  are  about 
men  in  the  various  departments  of  study,  with  55  professors  and 
I  tutors,  &c.  Four  years'  study  procures  the  degree  of  B.  A. ;  three 
I  covers  the  courses  in  the  Divinity  and  Medical  Schools,  and  two 
|in  tlie  Law  School.  Beyond  Weld  Hall  the  fourth  side  of  the  qnad- 
is  occupied  by  the  noble  Boylston  Hall  (of  granite,  with  several 
Jioiis  inside),  and  the  modem  Gray  Hall.  Opposite  the  wooden 
vorlli  Hall  is  the  Holyoke  House  (pertaining  to  the  college)  and 
[opposite  Massachusetts  Hall  is  the  First  Church,  with  its  venerable 
\m\.  Gore  Hall,  beyond  the  quadrangle,  contains  the  University 
It  is  a  neat  building  of  Quincy  granite,  in  the  form  of  a  Latin 
land  in  the  14th-century  Gothic  style. 

pew  Law  School  ia  a  large  and  stately  stone  building,  designed  by  H.  H. 

Iron,  and  of  very  intfesting  architectural  forms.    The  ifejf'ei'son  Pkysical 


avera^ 
Utou. 


Bel 


\tori;  stands  N.  of  the  College.    A  noble  ideal  statue  of  John  Harvard  (by  D 
pb)  was  placed  on  the  College  delta  in  1884. 


32      Rmte  2. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


W  I' 

1  Hi  '|! 


!i!l 


(I 


|l  Iti  I; 


Inside  there  are  10  colmina  on  each  side  of  a  nave  112  ft.  long,  with  apri 
roof  35  ft.  high.     About  l.W.OOO  volumes  are  kept  in  this  hall,  iMJsides  wliii 
University  has  about  70,000  volumes  in  8  other  liltraries.    In  glass  cases,  tl  r  j 
out  the  hall,  are  kept  many  literary  curiosities  :  a  MS.  Ovid  of  the  14tli  m,' 
letters  or  Wa.shinglon  ;  Aristotle,  in  black-letter  Latin  MS.  ;  ancient  (inik) 
of  HippocriUes,  Grcj,'ory  Nazianzen,  &c.,  with  Evan;;elistcries,  Psalters,  &. 
Hebrew  MS.  of  EstlierHn  roll);  the  Uo.spols  in  Latin,  8th  century  (oldot  1 
America);  illuminated  Latin  missals  ;   MS.  Koran;  Sanscrit  and  Siamese 
in  leaves  ;  ;i  bcautifid  Persian  MSS.  on  silk  jmpcr  ;  book  printed  in  Mcxii 
15«0 ;   RAle's  Dictionary  of  the  Abenaki  langu;iKe,  in  his  own  writing 
Indian  Bible;  Bay  Psalm-Book  n040),  lirst  book  printed  in  America,  iin; 
Mexico  ;  medals,  relics,  autographs,  &a     Busts  of  distingx.ished  men  .suit 
t!ie  hall. 

The  *  Maxnorial  Hall  is  N.  of  the  quadrangle,  ami  is  the  most 
and  imposing  building  in  Cambridge.     It  was  erected  in  memoiy  ofj 
graduates  and  students  of  Harvard  who  fell  in  tJie  War  for  tliu  l' 
and  was  dedicated  in  1874,  having  cost  nearly  $  400,000.    The  buili 
of  brick  and  Nova-Scotia  stone,  310  ft.  long,  with  a  cloister  at  cue 
and  a  lofty  and  massive  tower  near  the  other  end.     The  *  great  hall 
to  visitors)  is  used  for  various  public  ceremonies  ;  and  is  also  tlie 
hall  of  the  students.     It  is  adorned  by  64  portraits  of  benefactors 
college  and  ancient  magnates  of  Massachusetts,  jy  eminent  artists 
Copley,  2  by  Stuart,  3  by  Trumbull,  ami  otl.ers  by  Smybert,  ^1 
Hunt,  Page,    Harding,    etc.).     Tliere  are  siso  many  marble  bii,^ 
famous  Americans,  made  by  Powers,  Story,  Crawford,  GreenougiJ 
other  sculptors.     (Catalogues  of  the  pictures  and  busts  are  kept  ne[ 
main  entrance.)    The  dining-hall  accommodates  1,000  pensons,  heiij 
ft.  long,  60  ft.  wide,  and  80  ft.  high,  with  a  splendid  roof  of  open  t 
work,  supported  by  hammer-beam  trusses.     It  is  one-third  hiige| 
the  largest  of  the  7.nglish  University  dining-halls.     At  eacli  e| 
carved  screens  and  galleries  ;  and  the  great  windows  are  to  be  fillei 
stained  glass.     The  W.  window  is  25  X  30  ft.  in  area,  and  is  of  | 
glass,  bearing  the  amis  of  the  College,  the  State,  and  the  Unitcil 
The  walls  are  wainscoted  in  ash  22  ft.  high,  above  which  is  red  ami 
brick-work,  with  belts  of  tiles. 

The  memorial  Vestibule  is  112  ft.  long  and  58  ft.  high,  with  sj 
floor  and  a  rich  vaulted  ceiling  of  brown  ash.     At  the  ends  are  Ian 
J)rilliant  windows   of  stained  glass ;   and.  al-^ng  the   arcaded  .sil 
tablets  of  marble  bearing  the  names,  etc.,  of  the  136  men  of 
who  died  in  the  War  for  the  Union.     The  great  tower  is  euterei'  fij 
vestibule,  and  commands  a  beautiful  view.     It  is  open  to  the  pul 
ing  the  vacation  season.     The  Theatre  is  E.  of  the  great  tower] 
entered  from  the  Memorial  Vestibule.     It  seats  1,300  ])ersons, 
stage  is  58  X  23  ft.  in  area.     It  is  in  the  form  of  a  half-amphitheaj 
is  richly  finished  in  brown  ash.    The  Theatre  is  to  be  used  for  \\ 
mencement  exercises  and  other  oratorical  exhibit'ons.     Over  its 


snilptnred  hear 
I'.itliam,  Biirko,  ar 

'!  is  this  huildinrr 
|c  (  iiivorsity.  ° 

,«  ("Nndation  of  .s,.), 
r;,'"";''',',"  .fl'«  hcroi,. 
?'■'-'"",.'•■'  at  o„r.,.. 
"•'■  I'y  .;.1I  that  make 

r-     i".s  to  the  Xe,v  & 
'I  ;l.;.vs.  tlie  op„,,„t'' 

I  ^'. devotion   f„  1,.,^  ' 

r-'i'/vj-'oofyou;,!; 

The  Hemenway  Qy^ 
^/^■/rerson  Vhy,;,^^  ^ 

ce  Sciaatific  School 
"  ^'"'"'orthy  Hall.  J 
'!'^':''  '"strunients.  etc 

'^^«ityHalJ,th;un 
'«  Museum  of  Coa 

opf-n  daily,  from  9  td 

'  '"'"og'-aphical  coll 
''«'Se  numbers  of 

'^ :  fossil  plants  and  8| 
/^"^l  several  valuabf 

atory  and  the  J 

'"'  ^^-  ^-  of  ih.  collj 

^Od-CambridgeBai 

'*'»J'T-geandattracti;1 
f'n-te,  and  a<lornecJ 
Common  lies  to  the 
."'^'f  io  the  memory 
'^- ^«r  the  Union.     ' 
J^^'-^r  the  Common  a 

r^y  by  the  Congre 
t"^^-^«"ege  divine  wh 
;;;°"«  of  the  patrons 
%  was  due  to  him. 
°^  "'^'''y  and  variou.s 


CAMBIUDGE. 


Route  2.     32  a. 


Z>' 


sculpt  tired  heads  of  Demosthenes,  Cicero,  St.  Chrysostom,  Bossuet, 

^latliam,  Bnrke,  and  Daniel  Webster. 

'  It  is  this  building  which  holds  the  choicest  hopp  and  the  bravest  memory  of 

rnivnisitj' Tl»o  lol'ty  ve.stilmlc,  l)y  silent  iteration,  bids  one  lay  deep 

fotuelatioil  of  sfhol.irsliip  U|ion  national  well-being,  connecting  as  things 
ri.aiable  the  heroic  sacrifice  and  the  heroic  devotion  to  learning.  The  ,'reat 
iiiii'  liall  i.-i  at  on'^(Y;:he  meeting-place  of  hundreds  of  young  men,  bounfl  to- 
hiT  l>y  ail  that  makes  youth  glad  ;  and  cnnstantly  before  one  arc  tiie  faces  of 
t  lull"  line  of  men,  and  of  women  too,  wlio  have  joined  the  college  by  a  thou- 
1(1  ti-'s  to  the  New  England  of  history.  Tlie  stern  ancestry  of  early  Xew-Fwig- 
(1  iImvs.  the  opulent  men  and  women  whom  Copley  and  Htuart  painted  when 
colonies  were  eonsciously  and  unconsciously  husbanding  their  strength  for 
(ipproacldng  autonomy  ;  the  familiar  faces  of  i)residents  and  profe.s.sors, 
c  ,!•  devotion  to  learning  ren\ains,  as  a  precious  legacy  ;  the  younger,  nearer 
(■  of  ilie  licro  of  young  Harvard,  brave,  generous,  dying  with  the  halo  of  ob!o- 
ill  these  forms  and  spiritual  presences  till  the  air  of  the  great  hall  with 

iitliiii','  more  than  an  academic  glory Here  is  the  centre  of  the  'Jni- 

ii;y  of  to-day,  binding  the  past  and  the  future,  making  great  things  possible, 
tiise  it  holds"  and  records  great  things  achieved."  — Horace  E.  Scudder. 

The  Hemenway  Gymnasium  is  a  quaint  and  handsome  building,  near 
lelTerson  I'hysical  I^aboratory.  The  large  bricli  building  of  the  Law- 
\cQ  Sciantific  School  is  W.  of  Memorial  Hall,  and  across  the  street 
Ilohvorthy  Hall.  It  contains  large  and  valuable  collections  of  philo- 
|iical  instruments,  etc.  N.  of  Memorial  Hall,  among  pleasant  groves, 
^ivinity  Hall,  the  Unitarian  Theological  School. 
lie  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology  is  near  the  Divinity  Hall. 
open  daily,  from  9  to  5,  and  contains  large  and  valuable  collections 
jiatural  history  and  archteology.  Among  its  treasures  are  Schlagint- 
I's  ethnographical  collection  of  casts  of  heads  from  India  and  High 
large  numbers  of  stuffed  animals  ;  complete  lines  of  shells  and 
|ls ;  fossil  plants  and  shells  ;  nests  and  eggs  ;  a  cast  of  the  megathe- 
aud  several  valuable  collections  by  eminent  specialists.  The  Ob- 
[atory  and  the  Botanical  Gardens  are  on  Garden  St.,  on  the  high 
liul  N.  W.  of  the  college.  Just  E.  of  the  college-buildings  are  the 
[ences  of  the  president  and  several  of  the  professors, 
lie  Old-Cambridge  Baptist  Church  is  to  the  E.  of  the  college-grounds, 
|s  a  large  and  attractive  Gothic  structure  of  blue  slate-stone,  trimmed 
granite,  and  adorned  with  several  projecting  porches  and  gabies. 
[Common  lies  to  the  W.  of  the  college,  and  contains  a  handsome 
pment  to  the  memory  of  the  339  soldiers  of  Cambridge  who  died  in 
^'ar  for  the  Union.  Near  this  memorial  are  two  ancient  British  can- 
Near  the  Common  are  the  First  Unitarian  Church,  the  venerable 
\t  Church  (Episcopal',  and  the  Shepard-Memorial  Church,  which 
peeled  by  the  Congregationalists  in  honor  of  Thomas  Shepard,  an 
Inel-College  divine  who  was  pastor  at  Cambridge  from  1635  to  1649, 
ras  one  of  the  patrons  and  founders  of  the  college.  "  Its  location  at 
liiilge  was  due  to  him."  The  church  is  an  elaborate  Gothic  struc- 
of  richly  and  variously  colored  Roxbury  pudding-stoue ;  and  its 


A 


III  I 


I 


(  1 


H 


m\i 


rS 


32  6.     Jioule  2. 


CAMBRIDGE. 


%valls  are  brokon  by  cloiHterod  passagna  and  a  tall  spire.     In  front  of  this 
cdiline  is  the  ciirefiilly  protected  Washington  Elm,  which  is  th()U,<,'lit  to 
bo  300  years  old.     Near  it  the  old  Indian  councils  took  place,  and,  ;iti, 
later  day,  the  town-meetings  ;  and  under  its  foliage,  July  3,  1775,  Wash- 
ington assuiuetl  the  conmnuid  of  the  armies  of  America. 

•The  Episcopal  Theological  School  is  in  this  vicinity,  on  Brattle  St, 
and  is  of  recent  foundation,  occupying  several  handsome  gableroofwlj 
buildings  of  Roxbury  stcne,  with  brown-ash  interior  trimmings.  Tl»| 
lil)rary  is  opposite  the  entrance,  and  the  refectory  is  adjacent. 
The  8.  front  of  the  quadrangle  is  formed  by  the  beautiful  MeimriiX 
Church  of  St.  Jnhn,  erected  at  a  cost  of  )$  50,000  by  a  citizen  of  BostonJ 
in  memory  of  his  brother,  the  Rev.  Ch:is.  Ma.'ion.  The  great  W.  window j 
is  of  London  stained  glass,  and  represents  Christ,  St.  John,  and  St.  Paul! 
"  Sitting  low  on  the  ground,  and  surroinided  by  fine  greensward,  th«| 
church  is  a  small,  low-roofed,  many-gal)le(l  building,  full  of  pictunsiiiiej 
niches  and  corners,  a  many-sided  npsi.s,  filled  with  stai)ied  glass,  and  witll 
its  facings  and  trimmings  of  Nova-Scotia  stone,  with  liere  ami  '.here  bitij 
of  dark  color  and  line  carvings." 

The  Harvard  Annex,  with  hrad-qnartcrs  on  Appian  Way,  has  40  youni?  womal 
BtuUying  in  tlie  University  course.  Opposite  tlie  EpiHcopal  School  is  the  niviisMl 
buht  l)et'ore  173(5;  lield  hy  tlie  Vassnll  family  until  1775:  ami  later  a  hospital  fo;J 
tho  wouutled  troiii  Uuuker  Hill.  Farther  out  on  Brattle  St.,  bcvond  the  old  L-ck 
uiere,  Lee,  and  Faycrwetlicr  mansions,  is  IJlinwooU,  an  old  colonial  house,  iioi| 
owned  by  James  Ilussell  Lowell. 

Fort  Was/iinyton,  near  the  river,  is  the  carefully  licpt  remnant  of  one  of  Wa.'^l 
Ington's  siege-batteries.  Memorial  tablets  show  the  sites  of  Fort  Putnam,  Goff 
Dudley's  hou.se,  the  earliest  church,  etc. 

Tlie  city  of  Cambridge  has  56,000  inhabitants,   with  a  valuation 
over  So0,000,000,  and  is  in  four  sections.     E.  Cambridge,  a  manufnctiirl 
ing  district  on  Lechmere  Point,  towards  Charlestown  ;  Cambridgi'iion 
near  the  W.-Boston  Bridge ;  N.  Cambridge,  devoted  to  residences ;  acl 
Old  Cambridge,  the  seat  of  the  University.     It  is  skirted  by  several  railj 
roads,  but  the  easiest  way  to  reach  Harvard  Square  is  by  horse-caiv 
Cambridge  has  36  churches,  G  baijks,  4  savings-banks,  a  public  librnry.j 
posts  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  5  newspapers,  and  a  lyceum.    The  factory-districtj 
are  remote  from  the  University,  and  produce  great  quantities  of  glass  i 
soap,  chemicals,  bricks,  tinware,  furn'*^ure,  castings,  etc.     In  the  subiirH 
are  great  fruit  and  vegetaVde  gardens,  under  high  culture. 

A  large,  old-style  house,  back  from  the  street,  and  nearly  opposite  Gore  HaHJ 
called  the  "  Bishoi)'s  Palace."  It  was  built  in  1761-65  by  East  Aptlii.rii.r 
Anglican  Bostonian,  educated  at  Old  Cambridge,  wiio  was  sent  here  as  a  iiiis.si^ 
ary,  and  hoped  to  be  appointed  Bishop  of  New  England.  But  the  hostility  of  !l 
Puritan  divines  and  people  was  so  marked,  that  he  returned  to  England,  and  «j 
given  a  stall  in  St.  Paul's.  In  1777,  Burgoyne  occupied  the  house  as  head';aartif 
of  the  captive  Anglo-Hessian  army.  Near  Brattle  St.  is  the  hou.se  win 
Baron  Riedesel,  connnander  of  the  division  of  Brunswickers,  was  quartered. 
Baroness,  with  a  diamond,  cut  her  itograph  here  on  a  window-pane,  wliicij 
still  preserved.    Near  Brattle  St.,     .  the  right,  is  a  stately  old  colonial  niansil 


^1 


See  page  20. 


^      I 


It 


wum 


\t 


'I; 


ii 

Mb 


•  i 


THE  PRINCIPAL  PORTIONS  OF  THE  CEMETERY. 


1.  Ena'ance. 

2.  Chapel, 

3.  Spruce  Avenue. 

4.  Public  Lot.. 

5.  Laurel  Hill. 

6.  Walnut  Avenue. 

7.  Mountain  Avenue. 

8.  Mount  Auburn  Tower. 

9.  Dell  Path. 

10.  Pine  Hill. 

11.  Central  Square. 

12.  Cedar  Hill. 

13.  HirvardHilL 


14.  Juniper  Hill. 

15.  Temple  Hill. 

16.  Rosemary  Path. 

17.  Jasmine  Path. 

18.  Chestnut  Aveinie, 

19.  Poplar  Avenue. 

20.  Auburn  Lake. 

21.  Lime  Avenue. 

22.  Larch  Avenue. 

23.  Halcyon  Lake. 

24.  Forest  Pond. 

25.  Central  Avenue. 

26.  Road  to  Frebh  Pol 


bove  Ujo  terrmies,  surr 

hiddleoftlielast  centui 

kitl.ie.'ik  of  1775,  and  t 

tioiigh  the  Jong  wiutei 

Jliis  liobJe  estate  wns  the 

j  Ifcniy  Wadsworth  Loii 

bent  /bur years  (1820-30 

H.irvarcl   University  ( 

liort  ))()eiiis  of  great  1)0 \vt 

Jes<;i"r' (18.01),  "Hiawati 

■vols.  (lS()7-70),  "The  D 

■•.st(lS(j;J)and  second  sei 

tiwnam  poets,  and  is  dis 

■iiiidly  jion-eptive  poet,  aj 

^lopL'an  history 


(llorse-cars  every  j  hr. 

I A  large  tract  of  forest 
larles  luid  long  formed 

itil,  inI831,itwaspurc 
it  consecrated  for  a  ci 

e  pioneer  of  the  large  ru 
kger  than  Pere  ]a°Chai 
l",^lit  in  from  the  Hortic 
e'l  made,  until  now  it  ( 
lii^li  the  Harvard  men 
'^»ra.     "This  tract  is  1 

iuniber  of  bold  eminence 
I  is  iaiil  out  with  bro3 

e  emblematic  iron  fence] 
e  granite  entrance-gate  J 
r>  °"  ^^'^lose  outside  is  cJ 
p  was,  and  the  spirit  I 
fe  Central  Ave.  runs  to  1 
Bt'hapel,  not  far  froril 
■'"<^  edihce,  abounding  I 
'lo^vs  from  Edinburgh.! 
Ige  Story,  by  Jr.  ly  ^  J 
|;  Ijy  li.  S.  Greenoicyh  ;  I 
•list  British  misrule,  bl 

'•"volutioaaryandsubsel 
Central  Ave.  is  a  fine! 

*^ 'l'^'"«,  of  Boston,  no! 
^"^v'ditch,   the  matheJ 

P'ls  a  majestic  *memj 
'''o»  couchant  with  a  M 
■n  from  a  work  executH 


<  ■'} 


ENVIIiONS  OF  BOSTON. 


Route  2.       33 


Ibove  two  terraces,  surrounded  by  broad  lawns  and  fine  elms.  Built  about  the 
jiicUlle  of  the  last  century,  the  house  was  deserted  by  its  Loyalist  owner  at  the 
ttlneak  of  1775,  and  then  occupied  by  Washington  as  headquarters.  Here, 
iiiiii,'li  the  long  winter  of  the  siege,  Lady  Washington  often  held  receptions. 
liis  iioble  estate  was  the  home  of  the  poet  Longfellow,  who  died  in  1882. 

Henry  Wadsworth  Longfellow,  bf)rn  in  Portland,  1807  (Bowdoin  College,  1825), 
bent  four  years  (1826  -  30)  in  Europe,  and  then  was  Professor  of  Modem  Languages 
Harvard  University  (1835-54).  Besides  several  prose  romances  and  many 
Bdit  jioenis  of  great  power,  he  lias  published  "Evangeline"  (1847.)  "The  Golden 

^'cnd"  (IS.Jl),  "  Hiawatha"  (1855),  a  translation  of  Dante's  "  DivinaConimedia," 
ivols.  (lS(i7-70),  "The  Divine  Tragedy"  (1871),  and  "Tales  of  a  Wayside  Inn," 
Vst(lSG;Oand  second  series.  Mr.  Longfellow  is  jierhaps  the  most  popular  of 
Bniriran  poets,  and  is  distinguished  as  a  faithful  translator,  an  original  and  pro- 
liindly  perceptive  poet,  and  an  admirer  of  the  picturesque  features  in  medieval 

moiieau  history. 

Mount  Auburn. 

I  (Horse-cars  every  i  hr.  from  Harvard  Square, —1 J  M.   5  M.  from  Boston.) 

|a  large  tract  of  forest-covered  aad  romantic  hills  on  the  banks  of  the 

liarles  liud  long  formed  a  favorite  ramble  for  the  students  of  Harvard, 

^til,  in  1831,  it  was  purchased  by  the  Horticultural  Society,  and  a  portion 

it  consecrated  for  a  cemetery,  with  imposing  ceremonies.     This  waa 

le  pioneer  of  the  large  rural  cemeteries  of  America,  and  is  but  a  few  years 

lunger  tlian  Pere  la  Chaise,  at  Paris.     Tlie  whole  tract  of  land  was  soon 

[uglit  in  from  the  Horticultural  Society,  and  iaige  additions  have  since 

en  maile,  until  now  it  covers  125  aoies.     The  name  "  S^/eet  Auburn," 

Licli  the  Harvard  men  had  bestowed  upon  it,  was  changed  to  Mount 

pburn.     "  This  tract  is  beautifully  undulating  in  its  surface,  containing 

[luniljer  of  bold  eminences,  steep  acclivities,  and  deep,  shadowy  valleys," 

is  laid  out  with  broad,  curving    venues  intersected  by  foot-paths. 

le  emblematic  iron  fence  which  boumis  the  front  is  provided  with  a  mas- 

le  granite  entrance-gate  of  Egyptian  architecture,  60  ft.  long  and  25  ft. 

kli,  on  whose  outside  is  carved,  ''  Thi  i  shall  the  dust  return  to  the  earth 

lit  was,  and  the  spirit  shall  return  to  God  who  gave  it."    From  the 

|e  Ceiiti'al  Ave.  runs  to  Pine  Hill,     hich  overhangs  Consecration  Dell. 

chapel,  not  far  frori  the  gate,     a  a  hill  to  the  r.,  is  a  handsome 

Itliic  edifice,  abounding  in  pinnacle  ,  and  furnished  with  stained  glass 

lidows  from  Edinburgh.     Inside  t:  o  chapel  are  four  noble  *  statues  : 

jlge  Story,  by  W.  W.  Story  ;  Join   Winthrop,  the  first  colonial  gover- 

I  hy  R.  S.  Oreenmcgh  ;  James  Oti  ,  the  leader  of  the  firet  aggressions 

liust  British  misrule,  by  Crawfo,  I;  and  John  Adams,  representing 

Irevolutionary  and  subsequent  con    itutional  era,  by  Randolph  Rogers. 

1  Central  Ave.  is  a  fine  statue  o    Hosea  Ballon,  an  eminent  Uiiver- 

fet  divine,  of  Boston,  not  far  froi    the  statue  (in  a  sitting  posture)  of 

Bowditch,   the  mathematician   and  nautical  writer.     Fronting  the 

kiel  is  a  majestic  *  memorial  work  (by  Mihnore)  representing  a  coloa- 

lliou  couchant  with  a  calm  and  heroic  female  head.     The  design  is 

p  from  a  work  executed  in  the  highest  perfection  of  Egyptian  art, 

2*  c 


t{;  •! 


!       * 


im 


ji 


5  •: 


I! 


n 


:.!■    !!     I 


i 


!|; 


I 


ENVIBONS  OF  BOSTON. 


I 


34      /!<»»»*•  f  the  mystic  "one  *j 

»„d  U  a  flne  petsoniftcalton  of  the  ">f  "^  ^^^^^^ams,  the  Mstovmjj 
:looi"ta«  and  dreams  o'e.-  g^ve.     «  ™  ,  ^„,  ^     ,„J 

statue  u  press-business,  l)y  the  exi  i)as-velit!l 

Sf  "U  t  a -ory  of  granite  -  ^^^^^^  .^..,.J 
™ppmted  on  bronze  ola«,  »lo"8  ^^V^,,,  e„,„ete,-y,  stands  a  n.a^ 

^^>>^^^^'^^::'^lf^;X^  V.y  t„e  palaces  .» J 

tic:: -- %TUt^slft^^ 

.n.l  bevoud  tliem  rise  the  lugb  '^^^^'^°'    .  ^,,ity,  wHle  a  succes^ 
over  anu  oeyw^  „  Harvard  Universitj^, 

bridge  and  the  ancient  walls  ot  na  ^_ 

Hours  may  V)e  spent  in  I'l««»'  ™'^,,"taities  and  magnates  ot  M 
^a^:;  tU  gravesofjorj^o  X;CtoaoMonntAni,ur..-,...^ 

. ,      ^  T  At   hevond,  also  on  wii.  '       '  ,    i„  i,i  the  ivtu  cliu^ 

About!  M-  ""S"     •  .jj^jiilTOad.     fcuiy  u  jl 

ftom  Boston,  on  tl,c  F"°'"'    «^  ,„„„ied  WetU.vsI.eW,  Co™. 
„„,nadic  cburcl,    ;-*«?:„  „,issionaries  to  ---^^  i, 

^■r'vrca::;tr:oveti,emo.anaKu^^^^^^^^^^ 

Twen'  to  England  and  pW.ed  ^^  ,_,^  ^„„,,„„,         I 
Jota  Sherman,  pastor  her   W 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


Route  2.       35 


fy  sheet  of 
villages  otj 

clear  and 
kr  heats.  S. 
[ted  States  ^ 

If  -war  ave  *^' 
^atevtovn 
17th  cent 


Coi^ti- 


Ivt  Anghoaa 
WatevtoNVSl 
Iral  several  ^ 
Istone, 


Hairiet  G.  Hosmer,  the  foremost  of  female  sculptors,  was  born  at  Watertown 

In  isiJO.    After  long  anatomical  studies,  she  went  to  Konie  in  1852,  and  has  since 

ived  there.    Most  of  her  works  arc  vetiiincd  in  Italy  and  En^dand.     Her  most  re- 

Hiiirkable  iiieccs  are  " Zenobia  in  Chains,"  "The  Sleeping  Faun,"  "Puck,"  and 

'Beatrice  Cenci." 

S.  of  Watertown  is  the   city    of  Newton,  with  several  villages,  in- 

abited  mostly  by  men  doing  business  in  Boston.         Brighton  {Fantuil 

otel),  E.  of  Newton,  has  the  largest  cattle-market  in  New  England.    The 

,av  of  market  is  Wednesdaj',  when  Brighton  presents  a  lively  sight.    The 

jbattoirs  cost  over  $1,000,000,  and  cover  50  acres. 

S.  E.  of  Brighton  is  the  town  of  Brookline,  famous  for  the  suburban 

sidcnces  of  Boston  merchants.    Near  the  station  of  the  Boston  &  Albany 

lihoad  (branch  line)  is  the  principal  village,  with  the  ornate  and  attrac- 

e  stone  town-house,  near  which  is  a  neat  public-library  building.  Within 

is  town  is  Brookline  Reservoi  ,  with  a  capacity  of  120,000,000  gallons  of 

ter.     Here  terminates  the  long  and  sinuous  brick  culvert,  running  from 

ke  Cochituate,  in  Natick,  which  is  here  supplemented  by  iron  mains, 

icli  carry  the  water  into  Boston.    1  M.  distant  is  the  great  Chest- 

t  Hill  Reservoir  (5  M.  from  Boston  City  Hall),  with  a  capacity  of 

,000,000  gallons.     The  most  popular  drive  about  Boston  is  that  to 

around  Chestnut  Hill  Reservoir.     Jamaica  Pond,  near  the  village 

Jamaica  Plain,  and  E.  of  Brookline,  gave  the  first  water-supply  to 

ton.     From  1795  to  1840  it  was  carried  through  the  city  in  hollow 

.e  logs.     In  1851  this  was  stopped,  and  now  villas  and  immense  ice- 

ses  line  the  shores.     In  Jamaica  Plain  (where  encamped  the  Rhode 

iid  forces,  the  best  equipped  and  disciplined  in  the  army,  in  1775  -  76), 

fine  monument  to  the  soldiers  of  West  Roxbury  who  were  killed  in 

War  for  the  Union.     §  M.  from  this  village  is  the  large  cemetery 

orest  Hills.      (Horse-cars  to  and  from  Boston,    also  Providence 

road.)     It  is  entered  by  a  large  and  elegant  turreted  Gothic  gate- 

of  stone,  bearing  the  inscriptions,  "lam  the  Resurrection  and  the 

"  and,  "  He  that  keepeth  thee  will  not  slumber."     Near  the  gateway 

e  1.  is  the  finest  receiving-tomb  in   New  England,  with  a  Gothic 

CO  of  granite,  of  imposing  size  and  form.     On  Mount  Warren  Gen. 

h  Warren  is  buried  ;  on  Mount  Dear!)  jrn.  Gen.  H.  A.  S.  Dearborn. 

cemetery  is  larger  and  plainer  than  IMount  Auburn,  and  is  mainly 

lit'  for  its  air  of  rustic  naturalness.     Consecration  Hill  commands  a 

\v  of  the  hills  of  Milton  and  the  fair  Lake  Hibiscus,     In  the  S. 

s a  monument  "Erected  by  the  City  of  Roxbury  in  honor  of  her 

Ts  v.lio  died  for  their  country  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  to  '65."     A 

soldier,  of  heroic  size,  stands  at  ease  on  a  granite  pedestal,  and  on  the 

granite  tablets  of  the  wall,  about  the  lot,  are  the  names  of  many  sol- 

u  letters  of  gold.     1   M.  from  Forest  Hills,   and  a  like  distance 

lattapan,  on  the  New  York  &  New  England  Railroad,  is  the  cemetery 


In 


.'  i 


\m 


!? 


>l 


36      Route  2. 


ENVIRONS  OF  BOSTON. 


of  Mount  Hope.  This  is  iii  Dorchester,  an  ancient  town  which  was  united 
with  Boston  in  1870.  Over  its  extensive  area  (whicli  is  bounded  on  one 
side  by  the  Bay)  are  scattered  several  villages  and  hundreds  of  country 
residences.  The  natural  scenery  is  picturesque,  and  is  diversified  by  hills 
and  forests.  At  Meeting-House  Hill  is  the  old  church,  with  a  soldier's 
monument  on  the  green  before  it.  At  Grove  Hall  (horse-cars  from  Temple 
Pin  3),  amid  ample  grounds,  are  the  buildings  of  the  Consumptives'  Home. 
Kount  Bowdoin,  commauding  a  tine  view  of  the  harbor  and  city,  is  {  M. 
beyond;  and  near  Harvard  St.  station  is  Sunset  Rock,  around  which,  in 
1775,  were  cut  the  fascines  with  which  Washington's  army  fortified 
Dorchester  Heights.  At  liiue-llill  Ave.  is  the  E.  entrance  to  the  great 
Franklin  Park. 

Boxbury  {^Norfolk  House,  a  large  and  comfortable  old  hotel,  on  Eliot 
Square).     Horse-cars  from  Park-St.  CImrcli  to  Eliot  Sq.,  &c. 

Roxbury,  an  ancient  city,  almost  coeval  with  Boston,  was  united  with 
that  city  in  1868.  In  1775  the  Rhode  Island  forces  built  here  that  i)ower- 
ful  fort  which  Washington  pronounced  the  best  in  the  siege-lines,  and 
which  seriously  galled  the  Royalists  in  Boston.  Upon  the  hill  occupied 
by  this  fort  is  now  the  stand-pipe  of  the  water-works,  where  the  C'oclii- 
tuate  water  is  forced  up  through  a  boiler-iron  tube  to  a  height  of  240  It. 
above  tide-marsh  level,  and  hence  supplies  the  highest  floors  in  tjie  city. 
The  tower  is  a  lofty  and  very  graceful  structure,  with  a  fine  view  fioni  tlie 
"ummit,  winch,  however,  is  usually  closed.  Eliot  Sq.  is  the  central  point 
in  Roxbury,  and  here  is  the  building  of  the  first  (Unitarian)  church,  tin 
society  to  which  Eliot  preached  in  the  Puritan  era.  For  the  rest,  the 
hilly  streets  of  Roxbury  are  made  beautiful  by  the  villas  of  the  citj 
merchants  and  by  several  pretty  churches,  of  which  the  venerable  SL 
James'  Church,  with  its  massive  Saxon  tower,  is  most  attractive. 

Besides  General  Warren,  who  died  on  Bunker  Hill,  there  were  also  born  at  Roi- 
bury  Major-General  Heath,  of  the  Continental  Army,  and  Joseph  Dudley,  gov- 
ernor of  Massachusetts,  1702-15,  while  Thomas  Dudley,  long  time  governor,  d 
major-general  between  1G30-53,  had  his  estates  and  mansion  here. 

John  Eliot,  "the  Apostle  to  the  Indians,"  was  pastor  of  the  church  in  "Rocks- 
bury  "  from  1632  to  1690.     Firmly  believing  that  the  Indians  were  descenfled  i.  nl 
clie  ten  lost  tribes  of  Israel,  he  made  evgry  effort  for  their  conversion,    .iciinirii' 
their  language,  he  translated  into  it  the  Bible  (1663),  catechism,  Baxter's  Call,  &f, 
and  preached  frequently  to  those  villages  of  "praying  Indians  which  lie  est  > 
lished  and  protected  through  the  war  of  1675-70.     Utterly  improvident  intra 
charities,  he  would  sometimes  give  away  his  whole  salary  on  the  dayofiti^l 
ceipt,  and  it  was  only  l)y  Mrs.  Eliot's  care  and  economy  that  his  four  sons  m 
educated  at  Harvard,  and  were  ranked  afterwards  '  with  the  best  preacliers  of  tli 
generation,'"    When   he  old  hero  had  become  helpless,  the  church  continued 
Salary  several  years,  until  his  death. 

Franklin  Park  covers  about  500  acres  of  forest  and  field,  witli  lii| 

hills  and  picturesque  crags.     It  was  opened  in  1883,  and  is  visited  l)j 

many  thousands  of  people  on  pleasant  days. 


About  5  31.  N".  of  B 

table-lan-Is,  almost  un 

nife'god  beauty.     It  jg 

Stoiieliam,  and  Wine! 

'I'^'h  up  among  the  hill 

cli'anies.s,  especially  on 

rising  abruptly  from  th 
''"  fl.e  E.  rbe  ledges  sta 

ofmeatlow-Iandthrougl 

"«(ure  of  this  region  can 

of  fhe  old  Saxon  designs 

Fnnn  these  high  poin 

c'f'c>.S  lakes,  and  rivers 

rihbcd  mountains,  the  vi( 

ocean  stretching  out  on 

known  mountains :  Wach 

^"'«  Grand  Monadnock- 

'^'"  ••'"'1  Pack  Monadnoct 

tn  Franecstown,  Joe-Engli 

Spot  Pond  covers  over 

h'^f'^-^'Hyof  the  purest, 
f;^sfockcc:.;ari,         'J 

rsrores.  The  air  is  as 
r  pond  was  named  by  r 
^^"J^J'maybeofinter^ 
'?«'^";Mr.i:,iota„doth1 
'■"ffX.  and  by  E.  among 
^  PO"cI,,  having  i„  the 

''^"  ^^'•esj,  and  coveredf 

hy  l.ad  divers  small 
Ky  .cre„p,„  ^^„^^  ^^ 

\i'>y^nnrjwood  h  the 
"'?'' ground  near  pine; 
;;'•';"'-  Spot  Pond  an^ 
;f- -nooks  down  on  J 
r'^'''«''ot.l  was  erected 
;r''T^*'  amid  these 
^'^"'"$l5to«530awel 
h''ffe  275),  to  which  fre( 


MIDDLESEX  FELLS. 


Route  2.       36  a 


1  Call,  Si'' 
bo  est»| 
dent  ill 

r  BOiis  «*' 
hers  of  the 

■with  lii; 
visited  li] 


TAe  Middlesex  Fells. 

About  5  M.  N.  of  Boston  lies  a  great  tract  of  country,  of  stony  hi''s  and 
table-laii'ls,  almost  uninhabited,  of  wonderful  picturesqucness,  and  wild, 
riji'-'^'od  beauty.  It  is  within  the  towns  of  Maiden,  Melrose,  Medford, 
StoiK'liani,  and  Winchester;  and  in  its  very  heart  is  Spot  Pond,  lying 
lii<,'li  up  among  the  hills.  The  limits  of  this  region  are  defined  Avith  great 
citarness,  especially  on  the  S.  and  W.,  —  a  line  of  steep  hills  and  ledges 
rising  abruptly  from  the  broad  plain  that  borders  the  Mystic  River,  while 
on  the  K.  the  ledges  start  with  still  greater  steepness  out  of  the  long  valley 
of  meadow-land  through  which  the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad  passes.  The 
nature  of  this  region  cannot  be  better  characterized  than  by  the  application 
of  tlie  old  Saxon  designation,  Fells,  —  a  tract  of  wild,  stony  hills. 

From  these  high  points  the  scene  is  an  immense  panorama  of  towns, 
cities,  lakes,  and  rivers,  with  a  background  of  New  England's   rock- 
ribbed  mountains,  the  view  covering  nearly  100  miles  of  country,  with  the 
ocean  stretching  out  on  the  E.    The  view  includes  the  following  well- 
iknown  mountains  :  Wachusett;  next,  after  two  or  three  considerable  hills, 
KVatatie  rises  in  a  pronounced  cone;  then  comes  the  monarch  of  them  all, 
the  Grand  Monadnock ;  then  the  lofty  ridge  connecting  Temple  Moun- 
:ain  and  Pack  Monadnock,  the  Lyndeborough  Range,  Crotchet  Mountain 
in  Francestown,  Joe-English  Hill,  and  near  it  the  Uncanoonucs,  and  manj' 
ither  liii::h  and  distant  summits,  even  the  Southern  Kearsarge. 
Spot  Fond  covers  over  300  acres,  and  is  nearly  2  M.  long.    The  water 
|s  naturally  of  the  purest,  being  fed  entirely  from  subterranean  springs. 
i  is  stocked  wlih*bass,  pickerel,  perch,  etc.,  and  surrounded  with  woods 
ind  groves.    The  air  is  as  dry  and  pure  as  is  possible  for  New  England. 
he  pond  was  named  by  Gov.  Winthrop,  and  the  following  o::tract  from 
lis  diary  may  be  of  interest  :  "Feb.  7,  1631  (O.  S.)    The  Governor,  Mr. 
'owell,  Mr.  Eliot  and  others,  went  over  Mystic  River,  at  Medford,  and 
ling  N.  and  by  E.  among  the  rocks,  about  2  or  3  M.,  they  came  to  a  very 
cai  pond,  having  in  the  midst  an  island  of  about  one  acre  [contains 
;ven  acres],  and  covered  very  thick  with  trees  of  Pine  and  Beech;  and 
lepond  had  divers  small  rocks  standing  up  here  and  there  in  it,  which 
lev  thereupon  called  Spot  Pond.     They  Avent  all  about  it  upon  the  ice." 
*  The  Lnrifjwood  is  the  summer-resort  hotel  of  this  great  natural  park, 
high  ground  near  pine  groves,  and  with  8  acres  of  lawns.     On  the  W. 
[overlooks  Spot  Pond  and  the  blue  mountains  of  New  Hampshire ;  and 
the  E.  it  looks  down  on  Melrose,  Lj'nn,  Salem,  and  the  distant  sea.     A 
!»  of  tiie  hotol  was  erected  some  years  ago,  by  an  English  gentleman,  for 
»uiitiv-seat,  amid  these  Massachusetts  Trosachs.     The  prices  of  board 
from  $15  to  $30  a  week.     It  is  less  than  1  M.  to  Wyoming  station 
je  page  275),  to  which  free  carriages  are  run.     See  also  page  189. 


^^-m 

1 

\ 

t 

\ 

V- 

t 

tN 


'I 

11 


i»li» 


36  6     Route  2.        PIIOVINCETOVVN  VOYAGE. 


Boston  to  Provincetown,  by  Sea. 

This  interesting  and  attractive  route  is  served  by  the  steamer  Lonij-l 
ftUou;  which  leaves  Battery  Wharf,  Boston,  daily  (except  Sunday),  ml 
summer,  at  9  A.  M.,  reacliing  Provincetown  about  1  o'clock.     It  departs 
at  2.30  P.  M.,  and  reaches  Boston  before  7.    Excursion  ticlcets,  $  1.    ]\Ical! 
on  boaia;  but  no  liquors.     At  other  seasous  the  Lonyfellow  runs  le<! 
frequently. 

The  voyage  down  Boston  Harbor  is  full  of  interest,  and  its  chief  point; 
are  described  on  pages  22-23.  In  passing  outside  Boston  Light,  the  coui^e 
is  laid  right  out  to  sea,  running  obliquely  off  the  South  Shore,  with  tlie 
populous  and  picturesque  North  Shore  nearl}''  astern.  On  the  right  tln| 
long  levels  of  Nantasket  Beach  stretch  away,  with  its  great  hotels  ar 
clusters  of  cottages,  and  far  away  over  these  rise  the  noble  Blue  Ilill< 
Milton.  Lower  down  on  the  South  Siiore  appear  the  forest-covered  ritU'eil 
of  Marshfield,  with  the  bold  blue  hills  of  Manomet,  more  distant,  risinjj 
apparentl}'  island-like  from  the  sea,  beyond  Plymouth.  The  course  lieil 
almost  S.  E.,  across  the  magnificent  ^Lissachusetts  Bay,  with  deep->fi| 
shipping  now  and  tiien  passing  on  either  side.  Presently  the  low  sani-l 
hills  of  Race  Point  rise  out  of  the  level  blue  !^orizon  ahead,  with  the  spir 
of  Provincetown  beyond,  the  town  being  hidden  behind  the  hills. 


Provincetown,  see  page  57. 


3.   fi 

Rv  the  Old  Colony  I 
iO-]2Jir8.    The  static 

The  train  soon  ere 

ton  and  the  pretty  v 

cros5ing  the  Ncponse 

ife  rjraiich  diverges  t 

the  Clue  HiUs. 

This  branch  was  the 
drowfrranite-laclenmrs, 
^q...m.nnles,andareol 


;.'"■"'  the  (Cheviot  HiJJ, 
to",  "aohusett,Mt.  ^rat^ 

I    "">t  he  might  go  to  the  1 

Wollastou  Heights 
ouitded  in  1870)  built 
r^''  ««"'nianding  bro 
Q'"-'cy  homestead,  near 
;;  ''7'-  Quincy  is  thel 
" '''  *own,  much  of  whc 
"'I  Quincy  families      ij 

f;»S  and  700  acres  of. 
■'<^«'«^  Temple,  an  antii 

^^'^"'•'^rf-  Ahandsoml 
""orates  m  soldiers  , 
^''^''^'^'^ms  Academy  hii 

,,,,^',^;Ptam  Preston  a] 

■"''^' fiera£f7?*^'«  "' 
N-in^t on      P*^' ^''featin. 

r«"''     VasIpT^^°^t« 


mim 


er  a| 

sia,  ll 


QUINCY. 


Route  3.      37 


3.   Boston  to  Newport  and  New  York. 

Bv  the  01(1  Colony  Railroad  and  Fall  River  Line  steamboats  ft-om  Fall  River,  in 
10  - 12  lirs.    The  station  in  Boston  is  at  the  corner  of  Kneeland  and  South  Sts. 

The  train  soon  crosses  the  Fort-Point  Channel,  and  runs  through  S.  Bos- 
ton and  the  pretty  villages  of  the  Dorchester  District  (see  Route  2).  After 
cros!«iiig  the  Ncponset  Kiver,  Atlantic  station  is  reached;  whence  the  Gran- 
ite I?ranch  diverges  to  the  S.  W.  to  E.  Milton  and  W.  Quincy  (3i  M.),  in 
the  Blue  Hills. 

This  hrnnch  was  the  first  railroad  in  America  (built  in  1826),  and  over  it  hordes 
drew  t;ranite-laden  cars  from  the  quarries  to  the  river.  The  Blue  HHIh  cover  20 
Fqiiaw  miles,  and  are  older  than  the  Alps  or  Pyrenees.  Charles  of  England  named 
them  the  Cheviot  Hills.  In  Ik  hrs.  one  can  go  from  Boston  Common  to  the  top  of 
tlio  dome-like  ch''  f  Blue  Hiir(railway  to  Readville;  highway,  IJ  M. ;  path,  g  M.), 
(i,i')  ff.  high,ar  iewing  125  town  and  villages,  Boston.  Camb'-idge,  Fyorchoster, 
Xiihiint,  Cape  Aii.i,  Boston  Harbor,  the  ocean,  Hingham,  Scituate,  iViarshfield,  the 
Plvnioiith  hills,  Duxbury,  Bridgewater,  Fall  River,  Woonsocket  Hill  (R.  I.),  Prince- 
toil,  Warhusett,  Mt.  Watatic,  Grand  Monadnock,  Temple  Mt.  (N.  II.),  etc. 

Squnntuin  (2  M.  N.  E.  of  Atlantic)  is  a  bold  bluff  overlooking  the  harbor,  and 
crowned  hy  several  boarding-houses  and  villas.  At  Moon  Island  the  great  Boston 
fcwQV  (finished  in  1884)  empties  into  the  harbor,  ^quantum  was  the  home  of 
riiirkatahut,  Sachem  of  Massachusetts,  and  was  named  for  Bquantum,  the  firm 
jfriond  of  the  Pilgrims,  who,  -^hen  dying,  besought  Gov.  Bradford  to  pray  for  him 
'  that  he  might  go  to  the  Englishmen's  God  in  heaven." 

WoUaston   Heights  ( Wollaston  Hotel)    is  a  beautiful   new  village 
[(founded  in  1870)  built  on  the  lofty  slopes  of  one  of  the  easterly  Blue 
iHills,  commanding  broad  water-views,     g  M.    N.   E.  is  the  venerable 
JQuincy  homestead,  near  which  is  the  National  Sailors'  Home,  fronting  on 
tin;  l)ay.    Quincy  is  the  chief  station  in  a  large  and  picturesque  agricul- 
tural town,  much  of  whose  land  is  in  the  e.states  of  the  illustrious  Adams 
pd  Qnincy  families.     It  has  12,(100  inhabitants,  7  churches,  a  paper,  70 
Ifarms,  anil  700  acres  of  salt  marsh.     Opposite  the  granite  town-hall  is  the 
ll(?rt»is  Temple,  an  antique  church  near  which  the  t.vo  Presidents  Adams 
lire  buried.    A  handsome  granite  shaft  in  the  Wollaston  cemetery  com- 
neinorates  11.3  soldiers  of  Quincy  who  died  in  the  war  for  the  Union. 
fhe  Adams  Academy  is  in  this  village,  and  the  beautiful  Crane  Library. 

.Tolin  Adams,  born  in  Quincy,  1735,  was  a  firm  opponent  of  the  Stamp  Act,  de- 
En  In- of  Captain  Preston  and  his  soldiers  in  the  so-called  "Boston  Massacre" 
rial,  mill  Congressman,  1774-77.  in  1776,  as  leader  of  the  committee  on  the 
tivlaiaticm  of  Independence,  he  fought  the  Declaration  through  Congress  in  a 
liii'i'  days'  debate.  In  1778,  1779,  and  1782,  he  visited  Paris  on  a  special  mis- 
Ion,  uiid  in  1782  was  chosen  ambassador  to  Holland.  In  1785-88  he  was  minister 
England.  He  was  the  first  Vice-President,  and  in  1796  was  elected  President 
t'  the  Federalists,  defeating  Jeft'CTSon,  the  Republican  candidate,  and  succeeding 
lasliingtiin.  From  1801  to  1820  he  lived  on  his  estate  in  Quincy,  and  died  on 
K'sainidayas  Jefferson,  — July  4,  1820,  the  50tli  anniversary  of  the  Declaration 

linU'luMidenee. 
|Joliu  Quincy  Adams,  son  of  John  Adams,  born  Quincy,  1767.  He  remained 
Eiiroi)e  most  of  the  time  between  1778  and  1785,  then  graduated  at  Har- 
Iril,  and  became  a  lawyer  and  publicist.  He  was  successively  minister  to  Hol- 
HEngland,  and  Prussia,  1794 -1801.  AUnited  States  senator  1803-8  ;  in  1809 
I  became  minister  to  Russia,  and  later  was  appointed  minister  to  England.  Secre- 
)■  of  State,  1817  -  25,  in  the  latter  year  he  was  elected  President  of  the  United  States 


m 


J 


38      Jioute  3. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


rthe  6thX  From  1'  U  to  1848  he  was  in  Congress,  and  died  suddenly  in  tlie 
Capitol  (1848),  his  last  words  being,  "  This  is  the  last  of  earth  ;  I  am  cfnitint." 
Under  his  inHueuce  (as  Secretary  of  State  or  President)  great  national  worlis  w  «(• 
carried  on  •  Florida  was  added  to  the  Union  ;  and  tlie  South  American  repuhlii  s 
were  recognized.  An  ojnionent  of  the  extension  of  slavery,  and  a  powerful  inlvo- 
cate  of  the  right  of  petition,  his  powers  continued  until  tlie  last,  and  won  for  him 
the  title  of  "  tlie  Old  Man  KhKpient." 

Charles  Francis  Adams,  his  son,  was  horn  in  Boston  in  1807,  and  long  lived  in 
Europe.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  present  Uui>;:'ii.'an  party,  was  MHiie- 
time  a  Congressman,  and  in  18(31  received  the  herediti.-^  office  of  minister  tn 
England.  He  held  this  position  until  1868,  —  an  arduous  uuty,  since,  during  tliis 
time,  the  (unoflicial  but  efficient)  English  sympathy  witu  the  Rebel  States  re- 
quired sleepless  vigilance  on  his  part.     In  "872  he  w;     one  of  the  commissioncrj 


to  Geneva  (ft    the  settlement  of  the  "  Ala      'a  "  * 
of  the  work  with  great  sliill. 

John  Hancock,  bom  at  Quincy  1737,  bet      •    :  -v^ 
early  opposed  the  aggressions  of  Parliament,  •     ". 
were  excepted  from  the  general   pardon  v  i 

Americans.     Sometime  President  of  the  Prov-nciai 


le),  and  conducted  his  ]iurt 

Hhy  Boston  merchant,  and 
and  Samuel  Adams  alone 

.;.  jral  Gage  offered  to  tlie 
t  'ress,  in  1775  he  wiu 
President  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  was  the  first  .  ^  dgn  the  Declaration 
of  Independence.  Later  lie  became  an  officer  in  the  militia,  ami  was  governor  o( 
Massachusetts  1780  -  85,  and  1787  -  9\}. 

This  district  was  first  settled  by  Weston's  company  (i622),  and  Wollaston's 
(1625),  at  a  place  called  Morry  Moant«  where  their  conduct  was  so  opposed  to 
the  principles  of  the  Pilgrims  that  Miles  Standish  marched  from  Plymouth  aj,'ainiit 
these  jovial  Episcopalians,  and  at'  '  their  chiefs  captive  to  England.  In  1030 
the  Plymouth  forces  made  another  uunaging  attack  on  Mei-Ty  Mount.  Thomas 
Morton,  of  this  colony,  who  was  twice  banished  to  England,  and  once  imprisoned 
for  one  year  by  the  Plymouth  government,  wrote  the  "  New  English  Canaan,"  in 
which  he  gives  the  following  account  of  the  aboflgines  :  "  The  Indians  may  1« 
rather  accompted  as  living  richly,  wanting  nothing  that  is  needful ;  and  to  be 
commended  for  leading  a  contented  life,  the  younger  being  ruled  by  the  elder,  and 
the  elder  ruled  by  tlie  Powahs,  and  the  Powahs  are  ruled  by  the  Devill,  and  tlien 
you  may  imagine  what  good  rule  is  like  to  be  amongst  them."  This  curiously 
agrees  with  Cotton  Mather's  theory  at  "the  Indians  are  under  the  special  pro 
tection  of  the  DeviU." 

At  Braintree,  in  an  ancient  xarming-town  of  4,000  inhabitants,  witbl 
granite-quarries  and  shoe-factories,  and  the  stately  Tliayer  Academy,  a 
railway  diverges  to  Cohasset  and  Marshfield;  and  at  S.  Braintree  a  rail- 
way diverges  to  Abington  and  Plymouth.  Stations  Bandolph  (IIoimri\ 
House)  and  Stouyhton,  in  prosperous  shoe-making  towns,  among  the  hills. 
At  N.  Easton  is  the  great  Ames  shovel-factory  (see  page  53 1).  EastoDJ 
station  is  2  M.  N.  E.  of  Easton.  Raynham  is  a  lowland  farming-towii,| 
famous  ill  the  Indian  wars. 

Taunton  ( City  Hotel,  $  3  a  day,  on  City  Square)  was  founded  by  Misl 
Elizabeth  Pool,  a  pious  Puritan  lady,  of  Taunton,  in  Somersetshire.  Thil 
settlement  was  on  the  territory  of  Cohannet,  n  d  King  Philip  was  friendl,^ 
to  the  Tauntonians  until  midsummer  of  1676,  when  he  attacked  the  \>hv\ 
and  was  driven  ofE  and  followed  sharply  until  he  was  killed.  In  18U 
there  were  but  50  houses  here ;  but  the  water-power  of  the  river  soon  indue 
the  location  of  factories,  until  it  oeoame  a  large  manufacturing  city,  wit 
20,000  inhabitants.  The  Mason  Machine  Works  and  Taunton  Loconiotiv 
Works  employ  800  men.  The  Tack  Companies  make  700  varieties,  fromi 
heavy  boat-nail  down  to  microscopic  tacks  weighing  4,000  to  the  ounce. 


Stations,  WeirJuncti 
I^^'t',   on   the  oppo.sit.. 

nia.vs  of  granite  with  ruci 
nhM^^dintheAntiquii 
ars  refer  to  the  Norsem 
speaks  of  "the  Phoemoi 
rocks  in  Narragansett  Ba 
ff  n  is  said  that  ne£ 
8  brazen  belt  and  breastp 

ILongfellow's  fine  poem  '' 
FaIlBiver(Ar«         ;^ 

ptic  and  growing  citv 

k|ower  on  the  margin  of  n 

oncis  on  the  highlands 

*^"  J'alf  a  mile.     Along 

•'^toons  in  a  marching  r, 

"'^S'-anitic  banks  on  eith 
>'^rks,  and  15,000  person 
'manufacture  is  cotton  cl, 
''^t  ^vork  than  in  any  oth, 
"1  "y  steam-power.     Lai 
tv  of  the  city,  and  many 
;«  «;•  three  churches,  a: 
''««ty,,s  compactly  buil 
^!' Hope  looms  into 
"7;-^  churches,  the  Ci, 
Hallagroupofparal 
'"'"Bay.     Fall  River 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


R(Mite  3.       39 


1871  18,000,000  bricks  were  made  here.  Tlie  Taunton  Copper  Co.  covers 
l'»  acres  with  their  buildings,  and  works  up  3,000,000  or  4,000,000  pounda 
of  coiiper  yearly.  Tliere  are  also  11  foundries,  and  manufactories  of 
Miews,  stove-linings,  and  copper,  large  cotton-mills,  and  a  famous  manu- 
laetory  of  Britannia  ware.  With  all  this,  the  city  is  clean  and  oi'- 
(liily,  luiil  clusters  around  the  central  s(iuare  called  Taunton  Green. 
Tlu'ie  are  19  churches,  of  wliich  St.  Mary's  (Catholij)  on  Broadway,  St. 
Tliomas  (Episcopal),  and  the  First  Unitarian,  on  Church  Green,  are 
line  stone  structures.  The  latter  is  a  large,  rambling,  Saxon-towered 
cliurc;h,  which  looks  like  some  secluded  parish-ciiurch  of  Merrio  England 
wliich  was  built  before  the  Contpiest.  The  City  Hall  fronts  on  Church 
Green,  and  the  Public  Library  is  next  to  the  nide  stone  church  (Congrega- 
lioiial)  on  Brcidway.  The  extensive  buildings  of  the  State  Lunatic  Asy- 
lum are  near  Taunton  Green,  surrounded  by   pleasant  grounds. 


lies,  '.r™ 
I  evince  • 


Stations,  Weir  Junction,  Weir,  N.  Dighton,  Dighton.     Near  the  latter 
I  place,  on  the  opposite  shore,  is  the  famous  Dighton  Rock,  —  a  long 
niaN'^of  granite  with  rude  sculptures  and  inscriptions  upon  it  (copied  and 
publislied  in  the  Antiqicitates  America7ice,  Copenhagen),  which  some  schol- 
jars  refer  to  the  Norsemen  in  the  11th  century,  while  President  Stiles 
Ifipeaks  of  "the  Phoenicians,  who  charged  the  Dightoh  Rock,  and  other 
[rocks  in  Narragansett  Bay,  witli  Punic  inscriptions  which  remain  to  this 
Iday."    It  is  said  that  near  this  place  a  skeleton  was  found  (in  1834)  with 
|&  brazen  belt  and  breastplate,  which  is  probably  the  same  which  inspired 
Longfellow's  fine  poem,  "The  Skeleton  in  Armor."  Station  Somerset,  then 
Fall  River  (Narragansett  Hotel,  $2  a  day ;  Wilbur  Home),  an  ener- 

getic and  growing  city,  which  enjoys  a  rare  combination  of  great  water- 
power  on  the  margin  of  navigable  waters.  The  river  rises  in  the  Watuppa 
Ponds  on  the  highlands  2  M.  E.  of  the  city,  and  falls  136  ft.  in  less 
khan  half  a  mile.  Along  this  incline  immense  factories  are  drawn  up  like 
platoons  in  a  marching  regiment,  built  across  the  stream  and  resting  on 
i\\i  granitic  banks  on  either  side.  Over  $  30,000,000  are  invested  in  these 
Mjrks,  and  15,000  persons  are  employed  in  them.  The  great  article  of 
aanufacture  is  cotton  cloth,  and  more  spindles  are  here  engaged  upon 
lliat  worli  than  in  any  other  city  in  America.  Most  of  the  mills  are  now 
km  l)y  steam-power.  Large  quarries  of  granite  are  worked  in  the  vicin- 
ly  of  the  city,  and  many  of  its  edifices,  including  some  of  the  factories, 
l\vo  or  three  churches,  and  the  City  Hall,  are  built  of  that  material. 
riie  city  is  compactly  built,  and  fronts  on  Mount  Hope  Bay,  across  which 
pount  Hope  looms  into  view.  On  South  and  North  Main  Sts.  are  the 
[riucipal  churches,  the  City  Hall,  Post  Office,  and  hotels,  and  frgm  the 
lity  Hall  a  group  of  parallel  factories  stretches  westward  and  downward 
I  the  Bay.     Fall  River  was  formerly  divided  by  the  Rhode  Island  line. 


1 


I  1 


iri! 


40      R.UUS.  BOSTON  TO  KEW  VOKK. 

.  .      ..rv  scared  to  M..»achusem.  Fall  Blver,  "Th, 

The  U.  S.  C"-""™  Uou.  »^^  '"*,.„„„  „„ura,..  are  ,.o.ab».  1  he- 
tag,  and  ,ho  l*'-7'' ";t  Tooo  l'-™-"  '^-»''''"''  """"  '"  ;  ,  , 
U  a  ,.lca,a,>t  park  o.   «   c    •         .  8S  »r ;  W.^ Vi"' olU!  1^' 

/Mill!  ftm"  '""°,J'',ii'  Tl.crlOD.OS;  •■'"  " '^""fiT' 0.  0.  BaUrold  to  S,. 

KK'ua^^.i.--  ,^^  „„,^  ,,,„  ,„„  through  ii™. 

Two  divisions  of  the  Old  (  olony  ^^  ^j^ 

ton,  cro»,  to  Khode  ^'"'■'' ^"^^^J^  the  early  evening,  .top  .. 
The  palatial  steamers,  leas  mt 


nil""""*'- 
I.  >     O  t-imoA  tlililV  •    V 


Steainl)oats  rui.  t„  ».,^;^.^         ((.onnectini;  "'Vw""The  n.r^infiocnt  sW 


lie  ""'-'""       'till 
every  evemn«  on  tufl 


^  Weharboro  N    v^^^^^^^^^  two  Y«'*«,  1  1 

7tini  a  noble  Hoi «!»""''•  T„  A„iericaii  I'oast.     Hc  \':,",'f,,r  his  royal  nuistoi.   J 
1  of  France,  to  exi.lpre  t  '^  ^,  '^,;,,a  preparins  l■»'V9^^^\;'  "ntil  in  l(5:i«  tlu'S'; 

IK^»Kmpii«i^'"»\}ZTcJmii«.  »lth»'''Sh,''j;V''"p,.esiaentDwlslit'.1 
S  the  teity  f  rS  itfoStly  "S  scttlcnjeyts  to.^^^^^^^^^^^  H.ilip'i 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Umite  if. 


41 


py*-  •  1 V  ■111 

tnce,  iim\™ 

It  warnoTs 

aiid  a\V  '^' 
luce,  Ue  NN''^ 


fldidiisly  l)cheai1pd.  The  chief  Tisiiaquin  and  hisnipn  tlso  Rurren(k'rp<l  to  Church 
iiinlcr  .suleiiin  i)ltnlgcs  oi  i)anl()ii  iiiid  ainiitisty,  but  the  iiiurdcr  of  this  putriotio 
leiidir  was  reserved  for  the  peojilc,  of  I'lyiiioiitli. 

Ill  17:.';>-;!1  Dean  Herkcley  gave  a  high  literary  tone  to  the  colony,  and  organized 
a  ]iliilosiiiihic  Hociety  and  scientillc  disciiHsions.     The   harbor  id"  Newjiort  was 
fculilictl  in  17^-'-    'I'liii  I'oyal  census  of  I7:i0  reported  4,040  inii!il)itants  in  tiie  town. 
In  17ti'.t-70  Newport  stood  seconil  oidy  to  Boston  in  tlie  extent  of  its  eoniinerce, 
liciii;;  fiir  ahead  of  New  Yorlv.     Its  popidatioii  in  1774  was  Il'.ihio,  and  in  1H7()  it 
•v;is  P.'.MS.     In  Dec,  1770,  the  town  was  captured  liy  a  Uritisli  expedition  from 
New  Viirii,  and  was  held  luitil  Nov.,  177!i.     i^ord  Percy  conunandcd  here  until 
111'  WHS  summoned  to   England  to  assume  the    l)ul<e(loni  of  Northiinilierland. 
Till'  Hessian  Waldeck  regiment  (1,500  men)  fonned  part  of  tlu'  garrisDU,  and 
Ailiiiind  Howe's  Heet  wintered  here,  1777-78,  and  retunuid  here  after  its  battle 
witii   D'Fvstaing's  fleet  off  Point  Judith.     Later  in  tlie  year  D'Kstaing  made  a 
diiriii;,'  demonstration,  which  caused  the  British  to  burn  six  frig.itcs  before  the 
town.    Sullivan  and  Green  advanced  down  tlie  island  in  Aug.,  177.S,  but  were 
f.iriril  to  retire,  after  an  indecisive  action.     In  Nov.,   1779,  the  Anglo-llesslua 
army  evucuated  the  place,    having  destroyed   the  wharves,   tortillcations,   &o. 
Ill  1771'  D'Kstaing  worsted  AduiiiMl  Arbiithnot  in  a  jietty  action  olf  Gardiner's 
Island,  and  then  returned  to  Newjiort.     In  July,  1780,  a  largi;  tlect,  comiuanded 
liv  till'  Chevalier  de  Ternay,  "  Kniglit  of  St.  John  (d"  Jerusalem,  Governor  of  the 
Islands    of    France    and'    Hourbon,"  &c.,   apiieared     in   the    harbor,    bringing 
the  t'oiiiit  de   Rorhambeau    and  0,000    French    soldiers  (the   regiments    liour- 
liiinnais,  Agenois,  Royal  Auveigne,  do  Saintoiigc,   Royal  Dcux-l'onts,  Touraine, 
Siiissdiiais,  &('.).     Among  his  ottlcers  were  Aubert  Dubayet,  who  afterwards  was 
pen.  t  iniiiianding  Mayence  and  in   La  Vendee,  and  in  1700  was  Minister  of  War  ; 
Ciiunt   d'Autichamp,   a:terwards    an    rmiijre  who  .served   in  all  Conde's  cain- 
]iai,i,'iis ;  Viscount  Reauharnais,  afterwards  President  of  the  French  Assembly  and 
iMinistcr  of  War,  who  was  guiUotined  in  17t)4.     His  .sou  Eugene  became  Viceroy 
of  Italy,  and  his  widow,  Josephine,  became  Empress  of  France  ;  Berthier,  af- 
teiwai'ils  Marshal  of  France  and  Prince  of  Neufchatel  and  Wagram,  created  by 
Louis  XVlli.  a  Peer  of  France,  and  assassinated  at  Bamberg  in  1815 ;   Viscount 
de  lietliisy,   afterwards  lieut.-gen.    in    the   army  of  Conde ;    Christian,   Count 
of  Forbach,  and  William,  his  suc^cessor,  fought  in  the  Royal  Deux  Fonts  regi- 
ment ;  Count  Axel  Fereen,  later  Grand  Marshal  of  Sweden  ;  Viscount  de   Fleury, 
later  .Mar  dial  of  France  ;  the  Duke  de  Lauzun,  who  commanded  the  Army  of  the 
Rhine  and  of  La  Rochelle,  defeated  the  royalist  La  Vendee,  and  was  guillotined 
in  17iH  ;  Viscount  de  Noailles  ;  Marquis  de  Chastellux  ;  Viscount  Laval,  and  his 
on,  afterwards  the  Duke  de  Laval;  Viscount  de  Miralieau,  colonel  of  the  regi- 
iicnt  La  Touraine,  brother  of  the  great  Mirabeau  ;  Count  du  Muy  ;  Chevalier  de 
lauduitPlessis  ;  Marquis  de  Viomenil ;  Viscount  de  Fleury  ;  Count  de  Dumas  ; 
Jiievalier  Dupertail ;  Duke  de  Damas  ;  Viscount  Desandrouins  ;  Arthur  Ci:)unt  de 
iilliin,  who  defeated  the  Prussians  at  Argonue  and  Verdun,  and  was  guillotined  iu 
"'.•4 ;  Jlarquis  de  Dubouchet ;  Barou  Turreau  ;  Barou  Viomenil ;  Victor  de  Broglie  ; 
-ouiit  de  Custine,  a  veteran  of  the  Great  Frederick's  Seven  Year's  War,  afterwards 
:i)vernor  of  Toulon,  commander  of  the  Army  of  the  North,  and  of  the  Lower 
liine,  and  guillotined  in  1793. 

Ill  1781  the  Chevalier  de  Tilly  broke  up  Arnold's  raiding  fleet  in  the  Chesapeake, 
ind  Ijioiight  the  "Romulus,"  44,  and  six  other  prizes  into  Newport.  Through- 
out the  war,  Newport  was  rudely  handled  and  gradually  demolished,  until  Brissot 
[e  Wiirville,  visiting  the  place  iu  1788,  said  that  it  resembled  Liege  after  the  great 
e;;e.  "The. reign  of  solitude  is  only  interrupted  by  groups  of  idle  men  standing 
ith  folded  arms  at  the  corners  of  the  streets  ;  houses  falling  to  ruin  ;  miserable 
ops  which  present  nothing  but  a  few  coarse  stuffs,  or  baskets  of  apples,  and 
her  things  of  little  value  ;  grass  growing  in  the  public  square  in  front  of  the 
'lut  of  justice  ;  rags  stufl'ed  iu  the  windows,  or  hung  upon  hideous  women  and 
11,  unquiet  children."  At  the  (dose  of  the  Revolution,  tlie  Freiudi  government 
lade  strenuous  eft'orts  to  have  Rhode  Island  ceiled  to  the  domain  of  France. 
esideiit  Adams  made  a  naval  station  here,  fortified  with  six  batteries.  Dr. 
iiiuiel  Hopkins,  the  founder  of  the  Ilopkinsiau  school  of  theology  ("System  of 
leology"),  and  hero  of  Mrs.  Stowe's  novel,  "The  Minister's  Wooing,"  preached 
Newport,  1770  - 1803.  Dr.  Stiles,  afterwards  President  of  Yale  College,  preached 
[re  for  many  years.  The  population,  which  in  1782  was  reduced  to  5,530,  rose 
wly  until  the  war  of  1812  stopped  its  growth,  and  since  then  the  progress  of 


r 

i 


'I     I' 


I 


m 


I 

1 

1 

t 

"'•i 

<:< 

i 

- ' 
'[^i 

I 

""■ 

i 

I 

/ 

? 

.  ■  i  ■ 

i 

*. 

A 

y  V 


11 


nOSTON  TO  NEW  VOttK. 

K.-P.H  „»  .»e..  .r.ir&.s.""5  rsri...  .u..  .x ..,». 

Newport,  'HI.  Queen  o(  A—  -*  ™S  ''l- .,^^^  ^,  ,,„  ,„„,, 

from  »Mch  the  State  is  ''■;:»"''•  "y;™' the  v,l>arve,,  ha»  many  nam. 
l"«tt  Uay.   Its  oWer  vortmn,  Ij  ".g  t^^'  ,„„.,„„„d  residents,  many « 
!t    et"boriere,l  witl>  the  ''7"  °    "'^-rNewpo-t  almost  snrro,,,.  I 
Xch  are  mansions  of  the  oW  t-me.^'         „  y,  „  g,eat  numi«.f 
The  old  to«,  and  stretd>es  'I^-  *;*!  .„l  boating  at  Newpo,  « 
hanlme  villas  and  cottugen    J>  ^f  ™^  ,„i„,  and  pleasant,  ha 
«„e,  the  drives  over  th.  '  Is  »  <>'     ^^  ,^         «»  climate,  due,  acconU^ 

eWet  cl>a™ofthepla-ls.t8l.amy  andjq  J  ^^^  «»'":;','' 

■  to  most  opinions,  to  a  divergence  mt  ,^^„  „f  Newport  to  t 

roHStream.    »'«"  B«'''''5' *''"'",      r  .trdamp  «ea-air  and  ecpiall. 

^f  Italy  whlc  another  writer  »1**"' ^'^'I'^f  treqnent  occnrrcc. 

In^I'as  resembling  those  of  England     Fog^^",  'j,„,n  the  Sou* 

butTshort  duration.    There  are  "'^J^""^  j„,,„t  «Mch  gather.  1» 
a:d  le  west  Indies,  while  *;  "^yr^Sssadors  from  Europe,  A 
vearlY  is  quite  attractive.     Severn  o  summers  here.    1  I 

™f;::rbXl  :  Jd  «5  —  -    ,.  square.  wUh.;] 
The  central  pomt  m  0"J*"?°"  j,  „„  this  Square,-  a  Pl""  ^  *1 
and  fountain,   ^he  ^^^^  H°»»J  ^md  as  ahospital  from  1770  ^"     | 
old  building  erected  m  174^,  wnic  ^        ^^as  read,  Jxiiy  ^^^  ^' 1 

tm  its  st'eps  the  DecIaraUon  oj  »^,^,  „,  ^.eorge  Was^on; 
and  in  its  Senate  Chamhe    is  a  t      P^^^     ^^^^  ^^^^  "l^T  ,1    4 
Stuart     The  City  Hall,  Uie  l-erry  ^  ^^  ^^^^^  g^^are.    ^^J 


i-cavi- 

niwrow 

lauy  "* 
rrovimls 

povt  ate 
,  but  tk 
iccordlnj 
jrs  of  tte 
rt  to  tliat 

•currcnce, 

[thers  liert' 
[rope,  v^^^l 
Veto.    -P" 

move  inH 

fis  and  ctf 
[a  tUe  ^^'^ 


n 


a 


'v 


!     ' 


.Hi 


M 
ien. 

oUes  I 


i| 


B( 

paraded  through  the  s 
built  in  the  early  part  oi 
Dean  Jierkeley  (1729  to 
this  clnircli,  and  left  a  df 
yard.     On  Farewell  St.  i 
of  the  earliest  colonist.s 
Touro  St.  i.s  a  beautiful 
the  Synagogue,  the  first 
tliDiigh  kept  ill    order 
Library  is  south  of  the 
fioni]7/)0.    An  elegant  t 
jiaiiitiiigs,  together  with 
land  gave  8^t  volumes  to 
liiuinber  ;  but  when  the  ev 
[hi  lis  with  them,  they  spai 
Ifiivorite  resort,  and  was  th 

0  son  of  Isaac  Touro,  tl 
lSt)4  be  lived  in  New  0 

111'  left  to  various  charities 
hiiiisi'lf  was  a  Jew, 
uiHiient."     On  this  Pi 
f  Bound  Tower,  otherwise 
■toiio  tf^wer  supported  on 
pans  have  been  fought  ove 
tivil,  the  radical  theories  < 
jiiilt  by  the  Norsemen  in 
iloiiial  governor  (over  per 
[th  century.     Verrazzani 
lii'i  (1521),  but  makes  no  n 

1  is  eertaiu  that  the  earl^ 
Mtiials  as  are  here  seen, 

fact  that  Gov,  Benedi 
|ji  as  *'niy  stone-built 

:'y  "  are  laid  in  this  vie: 

\rnior,"  has  told  its  st( 
|n.iica,  passed  into  the  re 

statue  of  Commodore 
51). 
[lieVemon  House  (con 

Iquarters  in  1780.     Al 

;iu  1733,  and  next  to  i 
an  elite  corps,  forme 

|d  is  on  the  church  on 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Route  S.       43 


parailed  through  the  streets.  Trinity  Church  (on  Church  St.)  was 
built  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  and  was  often  preached  in  by 
Dian  Jierkeley  (1729  to  1731).  He  presented  an  organ  (still  in  use)  to 
tills  cliurch,  and  left  a  dearer  token,  one  of  his  children,  intheoldchurch- 
vanl.  On  Farewell  St.  is  an  ancient  cemetery,  where  are  buried  many 
of  the  earliest  colonists  and  their  governors.  The  Jewish  cemetery  on 
Touro  St.  is  a  beautiful  gartlen-spot  kept  in  perfect  order.  Near  it  is 
tlie  Synagogue,  the  first  in  the  Union  (built  in  1762),  and  not  now  xised, 
tlioiigh  kept  in  order  by  permanent  endowments.  The  '^Bedwood 
Library  is  south  of  the  ".emetery,  in  a  handsome  Doric  building,  dating 
fmni  17o0.  An  elegant  though  small  library  is  kept  here,  and  some  good 
liaiutings,  together  with  some  fine  pieces  of  statuary.  The  King  of  Eng- 
i  land  gave  &i  volumes  to  tliis  library,  and  Dean  Berkeley  gave  also  a  large 
hiniulior  ;  hut  when  the  evacuating  British  army  carried  even  the  church- 
jl^jis  with  them,  they  spared  not  the  Redwood  Library.  Touro  Park  is  a 
liavorite  resort,  and  was  the  gift  of  Judah  Touro,  bom  at  Newport  in  1775, 
|il:e  son  of  Isaac  Touro,  the  pastor  of  the  Jewish  Synagogue.  From  1802 
[o  \boi  he  lived  in  New  Orleans,  where  he  amassed  a  large  fortune  which 
lift  to  various  charities,  mostly  those  of  the  Cliristian  Church,  though 
nr  liiiiiself  was  a  Jew.  "He  gave  $10,000  towards  the  Bunker  Hill 
juuiuent."  On  this  Park,  surrounded  by  an  iron  fence,  stands  the 
[Bound  Tower,  otherwise  called  the  Old  Stone  Mill,  an  ivy-clad,  circular 
itoiio  flower  supported  on  round  arches.  More  battles  of  the  antiqua- 
Dans  have  been  fought  over  this  ancient  tower  than  could  well  be  num- 
treil,  the  radical  theories  of  its  origin  being,  on  the  one  side,  that  it  was 
uilt  by  the  Norsemen  in  the  11th  century,  and  on  the  other  that  a 
loiiial  governor  (over  perhaps  500  people),  built  it  for  a  windmill  in  the 
fth  century.  Verrazzani  spent  15  days  in  the  harbor  and  exploring  the 
ill  i  (1524),  but  makes  no  mention  of  this  tower  ;  while,  on  the  other  hand, 
I  is  certain  that  the  early  colonists  never  built  in  such  architecture  or 
fiturials  as  are  here  seen.  The  only  thing  in  favor  of  the  mill  theory  is 
fact  that  Gov.  Benedict  Arnold  (died  in  1678)  bequeath. es  it  in  his 
I  as  ''niy  stone-built  windmill."  The  opening  scenes  of  Cooper's 
y  "  are  laid  in  this  vicinity  ;  and  Longfellow's  poem,  "  The  Skeleton 
lArmor,"  has  told  its  story.  But  "  its  history  has  already,  in  Young 
iHiiia,  passed  into  the  region  of  mj'th."  Near  the  round  tower  stands 
tatue  of  Commodore  M.  C.  Perry,  who  opeued  Japan  to  the  world 
I. 
[iiti  Venion  House  (comer  Mary  and  Clarke  Sts. )  was  Rochambeau's 
i'lnarters  in  1780.  Also  on  Clarke  St.  is  the  Central  Baptist  Church, 
Y  ill  17-'}3,  and  next  to  it  is  the  armory  of  the  Newport  Artillery  Com- 
:in  elite  corps,  formed  in  1741.  The  first  Methodist  steeple  in  the 
PJ  is  on  the  church  on  Marlboro  St.     The  Penrose  House,  on  Church 


•11 


.,   i.   ; 


1    i: 


n 


mi- 


•i  ( 


>    •^- 


a       RmtcS. 


BOSTON  TO  NFAV  lORK. 


II 


St.,  ,1  famous  ^M  r'.',,,  i.tl  Miansion,  •where  Gen.  Wasliingto.i  was  once 
a  gupst,  is  no\i  u  ;'..!eri".eiit  house,  and  the  Channhig  Mansion  (built  172(i| 
is  near  Thames  St.  The  First  Baptist  Church,  on  Spring  St.,  dates  from 
1G38.  In  the  oifice  ol  the  Mercury,  a  weekly  paper  started  in  17JS,  is 
Ben.  Franklin's  printing-press,  imported  iu  1720.  Tlie  iVeJW  if,  a  bright 
daily  newspaper. 

12  M.  N.  E.  of  Newport  is  the  Stone  Bridge  which  imites  rjiode 
Inland  with  tlie  mainland  at  Tiverton.  About  7  xM.  out  is  the  Glen,  a 
roUi".!;!'':  sjjot,  tree-shaded  and  quiet,  where  an  old  mill  stands  near  a 
small  pond.  This  is  a  favorite  drive  for  the  Newport  visitors,  formiiif:  an 
easy  afternoon's  ride.  A  small  hotel  is  situated  1-2  M.  from  the  Glen, 
and  a  church  in  the  vicinity  was  frequently  pri^ached  in  by  Dr.  Cliaiuiing, 
"the  Apostle  of  Unitarianism." 

6-7  M.  fiuju  Newport,  or  a  road  running  to  the  W.  of  the  Stone 
Bridge  highway,  is  Lawton's  Valley,  .''  beauMful  rural  resort,  rich  ia 
verdure  and  in  trees  which  are  kei)t  green  by  a  bright  stream  Wm'x&i 
seaward.  The  Por.d  and  Old  Mill  are  the  principal  objects  in  tlie  scoiien.-. 
Over  the  valley  is  Butt's  Hill,  where  Sir  Robert  Pigott  attacked  tlieAnitrj 
icans  imder  Sullivan  and  Green  on  their  retreat  from  the  siege.  \%r?A 
impidsively  attacked  the  halting  army,  and  was  beaten  back  by  thenij 
until  nightfall,  when  the  Americans  continued  their  retreat  to  tlie  uiaia-l 
land,  saving  both  their  artillery  and  their  stores.  The  British  los^  wal 
260,  while  the  New  England  militia  lost  206  men.  3^  M.  from  NeiJ 
port,  on  this  road,  is  the  pretcy  little  church  of  the  Holy  Cros^ 
and  near  it  is  the  farmhouse  used  by  the  British  Gen.  Prrsoott 
headquarters.  On  the  niglit  of  July  10,  1777,  Lieut. -Col.  Barton 
a  small  party  crossed  Narraganset  Bay  in  a  boat,  and  took  Prosco 
from  his  bed,  canying  him  into  captivity.  He  was 
Gen.  Le '. 

The  grand  drive  is  on  *  Bellevue  Ave.,  a  clean,   brofid  ro.-i  1,  IM 
with  villas,  and  running  two  miles  to  the  S.    Here,  at  the  laMoiia 
hour,  passes  a  procession  of  elegant  equipages  only  equalled  iu  CVnli 
Park,  Hyde  Park,  or  the  Bois  de  Boulogne.     Many  of  the  hoim'.s  m 
this  avenue  are  of  palatial  splendor,  and  they  form  a  handsome  i)aiioi 
of  architecture.     Bailey's  Beach  is  at  the  end  of  Bellevue  Ave.; 
among  the  rocky  cliffs  on  the  shore  near  by  is  the  Spouting  Cave,  a* 
cavern  running  back  from  the  sea,  into  which  gn^at  waves  crowd  ufefl 
storm  from  the  S.  E.      Unable  to  go  farther,  they  break  with  a 
boom,  and  -l.^,sh  upward  through  an  opening  in  the  roof,  sometimes  ti 
height  o;'  riO- 50  ft.     From  the   clilfs  in  the  vicinity  (n.'ar  the 
House  Landing)  a  noble  ':"a-view  is  gaijied,  stretching  a.^  far  as 
Island,  30  miles  S.  W.      The  picturesque  Gooseberry  Island  is  ii^ 
in  the  f.'reb'roaud,      "A  finer  sea-view  —  lit  up,   as  it  is,  moreoi 


exchanged  fii 


by  the  rvti  truiy  f-- 

Hie  waters  — t!..)   ov 

"V'lt  ;uigie.s  with  Be 

Steps  (Jeadiiig  down  t 

'J'''t' *  First  Beach 

white  sm,\,  Jiard  aiul 

w'tli  batii-Jiouses      TJi 

^'  ''.^''t  rather  than  h 

""  tiie  .jo,9st.     Jt  is  a 

«]•  tJ'c  white  /lag  in  ^^, 

"•;«i,r  Cottages  are 
S^ohuest  Beach,  whos, 

".'""-  •■""'  tJ^e  heavin.. 
;7'^ '"■'"•"  The  hour: 
/'wgacory  i.s  at  tW  1 

'""''^^■'^  ft- long,  40-' 

-^"I'^'-valoreJIo; 
[^'  «f  ^vatcT  remaui  iu  t 
i^'^^^T  "'-sses   of  vvat.r 

f^L'ap  of  coui 
^?^''"1  that  the  Devil 
T-^^^  ^^n  be  seen  by 
:    ^''."-P'n^atory,? 
'"''''  '^  ^  verdant  valle 
''>"u  near  it 

°'7''^-'''  are  tne  W 
^^"'^,!'-'-'oy  loved  to 


Lover'.s 


'■    a 
one 


Ri'l], 


■Kaiigii 

sit, 


J'-''eii'!;Y),)ij)o.so,l  "  n   •  , 

°     '"'  t'"^  I'l-oi-hec-yl 

A  i''«  'our  I'lr 
■^^,(t'i  shall  ,| 

r"?e  Berkeley  ^      '"'' "1 

[n;,ho„.s,,)  ni^',''"'ter,  i„   ] 
F'''W''.  .■  i,  ,  f    '^■'"«  t-'ie  t 


« *  .^'  r 


BOSTON  TO  N'^V    YORK. 


Route  3.       45 


nee 

['20) 
rora 

riglit 

lliode 
LeTi,a 
,\car  a 
iiig  an 
:  Gkn, 
vvuiing, 

i  StOB» 

rid  in  I 
tlowin? 
scoutn, 
he  Amti- 
.    Vv;!&\ 
\)y  tkn] 
the  uiaii'l 
I  losswal 
[•ovn  ^n 
oly  Croa 
•rescoU 
Javlou 
»k  Prc-sc(« 

iroai,  M 

in  Ct'Ji^ 

]ie  pauora 
Ave.; 
3ave, 


1)V  the  rvtv  truly  fvirj  ■  li^■;*.  spectacle  of  ships  "gliding  under  sail  over 
the  waters  —  tl..;  oyo  can  larely  witness,"  Narragausett  Ave.  runs  at 
ri^'ht  angles  with  Belle vue  Ave.,  and  terminates  on  the  E.  at  the  Forty 
Steps  (Icailing  down  the  rockp).  -  It  is  lined  with  fine  houses. 

The  *  First  Beach  (about  ^  M.  from  tlie  Ocean  House)  is  a  strip  of 
white  sand,  hard  and  smootli,  extending  for  1  M.  in  length  and  lined 
witli  hatli-houses.     Tiie  slope  of  the  shore  is  very  gradual,  and  the  surf 
is  light  rather  than  heav;".  so  that  this   is  one  of  the  safest  beaches 
on  the  jonst.     It  is  a  lively  and  brilliant  scene  here  during  the  hours 
of  the  white  tlag  in  warm  days,  and  the  beach  is  fringed  with  carriages. 
The  ClilV  Cottages  are  in  this   vicinity.     1  M.    E.    is  the   Second,  or 
Sichuest  Beacli,  whose  "hard  black  beach  is  the  niosl   perfect  race- 
oursL',  ;ui(l  the  heaving  of  the  sea  sympathizes  with  the  rider,  and  in- 
I  spires  hiiu."    The  hours  of  low  tide  are  the  favorite  times  to  ride  here. 
1*  Purgatory  is  at  the  W.  eiul  of  Sachuest  Beach.     It  is  a  wonderful 
cbsiii,  ItJO  ft.  long,  40-50  ft.  deep,  and  8-14  ft.  wide  at  the  top,  torn 
lout  by  upheaval  or  eaten  by  the  waves,  in  the  graywacke  rock.     Several 
If 'lit  of  water  remain  iu  the  chasm  at  low  tide,  and  in  stormy  high  tides 
|hj.ivy  masses  of  water   boom   through  it.     The  familiar  story  of  the 
Lover's  Leap  of  co'n's<»  attaches  to  this  place,  l)ut  is  antedated  by  the 
legiiiil  that  the  Devil  once  threv/^  into  it  a  sinful  Indian  squaw,  and  his 
liool'-marks  can  be  seen  by  all  unbelievers.     Other  stories,  of  later  date, 
|tt;K':i  to  the  Purgatory,  but  the  origin  of  its  name  does  not  transpire. 
pailise  is  a  verdant  valley  adorned  with  cottages,  opening  off  Sachuest 
peach,  and  near  it  is  :\  niass  of  rocks  and  iii)heaved  boulders  called  Para- 
ge Lost.    The  Tiiird  Beach  is  a  long,  quiet,  and  sequestered  line  of  sand, 
pove  whieii  are  tne  Haixging  Eocks,  where,  in  a  sheltered  natural  alcove, 
|e:in  Berkeley  loved  to  sit,  and  look  out  over  the  wide  sea,  and  write  down 
'  meditations. 

Mi'ie  111!  composed  "  Alciphron  ;  or  the  Minute  Philosopher,"  a  series  of  Platonic 
pyiies  di't'cudin^'  the  Clu'istian  system.  Here  probably  he  wrote  t!ie  noble 
licemliug  with  tne  jiropheey  :  — 


uH 


i-oNs-a  M 

ivith  alia 
indimei  t^ 
lar  the 
Ifav  a^ 
\\\i\  is  ^ 
lis,  iin°'''^l 


"  Westward  the  course  of  empire  takes  its  way, 
Tlie  four  (irst  acts  already  past, 
A  fifth  shall  oiid  the  drama  with  tlie  day. 
Time's  noblest  utfspring  is  the  last." 

peorge  Berkeley,  Dean  of  Derry,  a  famous  philosopher  and  idealist,  conceived 
'lu  lor  couvertiuy  the  Ainerit'iiu  Indians  by  a  university,  and  came  to  New- 

,  uuiler  royiil  charter,  in  1729.  He  built  the  mansion  "  Whitehall"  (now 
kniihouse),  3  M.  from  the  town,  but  soon  found  that  his  scheme  was  im- 
piiMbli;,  and  returned  to  lingland  iu  1731,  giving  liis  Newport  estate  and  a  fine 
|i',jtii  Y;de  and  Harvard  Colleges.     From  1733  until  his  death  (iu  17u3)  he  was 

"ii  "f  t'loyuo. 
[Hiiiii4')ii  Allston  was  fond  of  njaming  on  these  beaches,  and  Dr.  Channing 

it-ill u:,,'d  (of  first  Lieaeh),   "  No  spot  on  earth  has  helped  to  form  me  so 
|!iit.s  that  beach." 

iclmest  Point  is  on  the  S.  E.  of  the  island,  and  is  much  visited  by 

Jriucu. 


il 


^^■^  *' 


■i'  \, 


„    ,   ,  BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 

46       Route  3.  ^^^  gj^tig^  earth- 

•  mil  n  M.  from  the  city,  ^^^    ^     .        pi^asaut  ex- 

\  ^ar'nXv^*'*  Newport  .-^,f  -'ZrnoU  '»  a,* 

works  and  noDi«  jjoneynian  s  im,  ^^ar  ^  p^^niance 

cursion  for  a  clear  da,  ^         ^^^^^^^  ,,,tate  (see    J^  «^,J^,„,i  Hill. 

far-viewing  pomt^  ^^^^-^.on)  was  at  the  foot  of  M^^^^^  ^^^^^^^ 

of  Oldport,"  l> '  T.JV^  .  Bateman's  Point  are  .o"^"^^      ^^  jj,,i,,  p,, 
The  i'^^«*^^'^^\',ftnd  a  favorite  drive  is   ^^^^JJ'ity  again,  tk 
4i  M.  from  t^^/^lig  o^^an  and  Bellevue  Aves.  to  the  city 

Fort  Adams,  ^^^'J^^  ,^,^^  lO  M.  ^^^^es  St.  and  Wd 

distance  being  little  nor  f^om  the  city  (by  ina  ^^^^  ^^^ 

port  Adams,  d.  -^^        ^^^^^g,,,  ^^ave  two   Fortre^«         ^^^^ 

lington  ^--)-J,fJcoast  defences  of  ^^^^^'^^Zoi  covered  .ays, 

Fort  Richmond)  of  thee  ^^^  ^^^^     j^,  ?'       thc  ''fort  days," 

,on,reqvuring  a  ga^"^^^^^^^^^^^^^  Vtvs ts  bt  music,  at« 

casemates,  '^f'l  °^Xn  ^he  garrison  band  plays    ts   De 

(twice  weeklv),  wh  n  t^ie  g  ^^^^.^^^^  p,,,  the       P 

ar^it  numbers  of  visitors,  au  Rodman  guns.  , 

great  lui  armed  partly  wiui  xv  ^^^  ^^^i 

Pnt/lish  kniglii'  ana  u-i'i  ,  .    yij^ted  oy  s«^  I 

torpedo  division  ot  *» «J;/„, i„rtrncted  '"  *% "'f^e "o-  «< 
Jyouug  officers  of  the  na^y^^^  .^  ^^^^^_^_j  ,„^  *":;*,*  yUv«  » 

ji„.Ms  beyond  Ooat  W.n  ^^„  j,^  ""f  "rren,a...s.l 

I,„i,  tl.e  A.-;-      -^.^  ,„,  i„  the  B»y.  ana  H--  «- ^  ,,«„ 

old  fort  upon  It.    Fort  "^  j^astcr's  i/ai-ior  Mow  ,. 

^e  l.ne  of  ^astang  ""  ^'-  /^°  ^j,i„gt„„,  the  fonndei  of 
Stiition,  on  land  kit  by  „,  „.«..»«• 

„i„e  years  its  8»r°°';,,.  *.  ,v  „„  «>.  *•  to  MK.^^  kndi.,  -  ; 

England,    ^11^'^  J    ,,,,   arc 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Routed.       47 


■ters  o{ ' 
ool  i"  v'a^ 
rvice.    •''•'I 
home  of  ll 

■ewiviuso!^ 
ue  Rock? 

L.  1.,  a"M 


out  in  liills  and  vales  and  rising  grounds,  with  plenty  of  excellent  springs 
ami  line  rivuluts,  and  many  delij^htful  landscapes  of  rock,  anil  promontories,  and 
ailjarcnt  kimls." 

Malboni!,  the  celebrated  portrait-pamter,  was  born  at  Newport  in  1777,  and  Capt. 
I  Decatur,  of  the  navy,  was  born  here  in  1751,  whose  son  was  Stephen  Decatur, 
l"the  ISa'yiii-d  of  the  seas." 

After  leaving  Fall  River,  and  toiiching  at  Newport,  the  steamer  moves 
Ion  stoiulily  througli  the  uight,  passing  Point  Judith,  Block  Island,  and 
Fislicr's  Island,  after  which  she  enters  the  tranquil  waters  of  Long  Island 
Souiul.  At  a  very  early  hour  the  narrowing  W.  end  of  the  Sound  is 
^ntereil,  and  the  shores  of  W2stchester  County  are  passed  on  the  N. 
riirofrg's  Point,  on  the  r.,  bears  Fort  Schuyler  (318  guns),  out  on  the 
Soniul,  which  is  mated  by  a  strong  fortress  on  Willet's  Point  (opposite). 
Uter  passing  several  villages;  Flushing  Bay  opens  to  the  1.,  wi:h  the 
teaatiful  village  of  Flushhig  at  its  head.  Richly  cultivated  islands  and 
hores  follow,  up  to  Randall's  Island,  with  the  House  of  Refuge,  and 
Hani's  Island,  with  the  Emigrant-Refuge  and  Hospital,  and  the  Potter's 
Still,  where  3,000  of  the  poor  of  New  York  are  buried  yearly.  The 
earner  now  enters  Hell  Gate,  a  wild  and  turbulent  succession  of  strong 
rrents  and  whirlpools,  caused  by  the  action  of  immense  bodies  of  water, 
Itlie  changes  of  the  tide,  being  poured  through  this  narrow  and  sinuous 
fait,  which  aboimds  in  rocky  islets  and  sunken  ledges.  The  passage  of 
Is  point  was  formerly  difficult  and  dangerous,  and  two  or  three  British 
gates  were  wrecked  here  during  our  wars.  But  immense  ledges  have 
kn  removed  by  submarine  blasting,  and  now  but  little  danger  remains. 
jtoria  and  Ravenswood  are  beautifiU  villages  soon  passed  on  the  Long- 
jiinl  shore,  after  which  Blaokwell's  Island  comes  into  view,  with  its 
lines  of  charitable  and  correctional  establishments 


atae 


was  Aw 


dia,  auda" 

wlvenitslj'J 

,sleui  lovti; 
auableintlitl 


from 
'  pleasi 


riie  octagonal  building,  with  two  long  wings,  is  the  Lunatic 

lum.     One  wing  is  reserved  for    each  sex,  while  the  more  noisy 

pac3  arc  kept  in  a  separate  building  on  the  E.     The  Work-Houses 

next,  where  willing  hands  which  can  find  no  Avork,  and  vagrants, 

Ivill  11(4.  do  honest  labor,  are  furnished  with  appropriate  work.     The 

jisive  Aims-Houses,  Vvdth  the  handsome  house  of  the  Superintendent, 

next,  being  divided  into  male  and  female  departments.     Then  the 

sive  Penitentiary  and  Charity-Hospital  are  passed,  and,  on  the  lower 

fthe  island,  the  ornate  building  of  the  Sraall-Pox  Hospital.     These 

Jures  are  all  of  granite,  quarried  here  by  the  convicts,  and  probably 

[is  no  cluster  of  such  institutions,  in  the  same  space,  in  the  world, 

combine  so  much  of  safety,  comfort,  and  practi'^al  influence  for 

|tion  and  restraint.    Deep  ship-chaunels  run  on  tM^h  side  of  the 


48       Route  It. 


BOSTON  TO  S.  DUXBURY. 


■- 1 


island,  and  on  the  Manhattan  shore,  oppcsito  its  centre,  is  the  great 
German    Festival-Garden,    called   Jones'  Wood.      Hunter's    Point  ami 
Gi'eciipoiiit  are  now  i>assed  on  the  left,  and  a  long  line,  on  both  sides  of 
the  East  River,  of  fovindries  and  factories.     Then  comes  Willianisl)urg 
with  its  shipyards.     On  the  1.,  and  beyond  it,  fronting  on  Walhilont 
Bay,  is  the   Brooklyn  Navy-\'ard,   the   princii)al   naval-station  '  i  the 
Union,  where   several    U.    S.    frigates   may  usually  be   seen.     Crowrli.ii 
wharves  now  stretch   into   the   stream   on  each  side,  with  forests  of 
masts,  while  fleet  and  powerful  tug-boats  dart  to  and  fro  in  the  rivtr,  aiij 
the  crowded  and  ever  busy  ferry-boats  cross  and  recross  it.     Tlie  fipans 
of  the  great  Ea     Viiver  Bridge  are  seen  near  Fulton  Ferry. 
Where   Brooklyn  bends  off  to  the  S.  W,,  the  steamer  turns  to  t!ie 
W.,  and  passes  Governor's   Islxnd  on   the  1.     This   island  belongs  lo 
the  government,  and  its  centre  is  viccupied  by  Fort  Columbus,  a  low-lyiuj 
but  powerful  star-fort,    mounting   120  guns.     A   water-battery  on  t!i« 
S.  W.    commands  the  channel   toward   Brooklyn,  and  a  tall,  ^i:iiii{ir- 
cular  fort  with  three  tiers  of  guns,  called  Castle  William,  looks  towanij 
the  Battery.      The  steamer  now  rounds  the   Battery,   the  tree-sliadtil 
lower  extremity  of  Manhattan  Island.     Tliis  was  once  a  favorite  pari, 
i<ut  is  now  neglected.     Tlie  curious  round  building  at  the  watcr't;  &].■* 
was  built  in  1807  by  the  government,  as  a  fortress,  under  the  name  of| 
Castle  Clinton.     At  a  later  day  great  fairs  and  concerts  were  held  hcfj 
and  it  is  noAv  used  as  an  emigrant  depot.     On  the  1.,  Ellis.  Bedloes,  dj 
Staten  Islands  are  seen,  and  Jersey  City  and  Bergen.     Passing  up  ti 
North  River  the  boat  soon  en^^rs  its  dock  at  the  foot   of  Murray  St| 
(see  New  York). 

4.  Boston  io  Gohasset  and  S.  Duxbury. 

Via  Old  Colony  Railroad,39  M.  ;  2  -  2^  lirs. 

Boston  to  Braintree,  see  Route  3.     Beyond  E.  Braintree  is  Weymoilll 
(  Weymouth  Hotel),  in  a  rich  bay-shore  shoe-manufacturing  town,  nitaj 
churches,  5  villages,  2  lakes,  and  picturesque  shores.     It  has  a  neat  s 
diers'  monument.     Here,  in  1623,  occurred  the  terrible  attack  of  .Mil 
Standish  on  the  assembled  Indian  chiefs,  whose  justifiableness  has  iiotj 
been  proven  clearly.     The  scene  is  well  described  in  the  7th  part^ 
"  The  Courtship  of  Miles  Standish,"  by  Longfellow.     After  this  iiffa| 
the  Episcopalian  colonists  left,  and  in  1624  a  company  moved  iu  I 
Weymouth,  in  Dorsetshire,  Eng.,  who  gave  its  name  to  the  town. 

Stations  N'.  Weymouth,  E.  Weymouth,  W.  Ilingliam,  Hinnhml 
Route  2),  Nantasket,  and  Cohasset.  The  latter  is  a  small  town' 
a  quaint  old  church  on  its  green.  The  rocky  slioreii  and  resouE(i| 
inlets  along  tne  ocean  front  are  very  picturesque,  and  are  i 
with  fine  villas,  including  those  of  Barrett,  Uobson,  Crane,  Thorne,  lii^ 
face,  and  other  actors. 


No  district  hi  America 
Coha-sset  find  Scituate 
li.ive  laid  bare  but  Imv 
vessel  "St.  JoJin  "  was  \ 
sea-l.;.(Iiii,^r  ,,t  Cohasset  i 
parent  tJiaii  any  I  had  cv 
•lie  peilecdy  ,/,.«„  ai„l'  i 
liniily  to  the  roi'kn  that  \ 
I'lxmy  of  the  bath."— T 
""'se  rocky  proniontorie 

IVllelOIIJhlll    J|,3  f,,iyjj      ..^y 

fiirien„J,,,s.se  vaJiant." 

At  X.  Cohasset   are 

jtlu'  Pleasant  BeacJj  Hm 

\M-i'  is  the  exten,siv( 

reef  far  out  from   the 

piiiit  Iiere,  l.ut  this  was 

^"''  '^-^  keepers  were  Jo 

■'.?'")  is  88  ft.  high,  o 

'^•'"""s  -y.  iicituate    / 

"  "'arine  village  looking 

learee  a  nnX^t  away,     ci 

'i^'^^  is  gained  of  the  sea 

^•'"■''yi.sPeggottyBeacl 
0"  Coleman  Heights,  , 

"«mer-hoteI150ft.  abov, 
igasnperbviewof  oceaJ 
f^'ituato  u-as  founded  in  1 J 
''"■"•■'' Its  name),     it  j"    4 

—  ""if-Brooii  V>^,ey,  ne.-J 

\^r.rrom^c'«.FeewstaJ 

;2.o0-3aday),  onthedl 
tumarocks,  5  3f.  lon^.,  anl 

\    Hiere  are  many  bcaf 
ifion  stages  run  4  M  E   J 

pf-    The  ancient  home 
hf  '"  ^8'8,  and  has  « 

^^^'i  out  of  the  Webster  fJ 
IH  '^ailt  by  the  Pii.,,-„; 

l^reweareintheoidCoj 
™!V",™T**^thel.  fro™ 

f     ^'"'^'^st'ibility  carried 


up '" 
lurray  ^ 


BOSTON  TO  S.  DUXBURY. 


Jtoute  4.       49 


own.  «to 

a  iiwt 

lias  not y( 
7  til  1«^ 

ved  i" 
own. 

ill  town 
1   resouw 
are  ad 

Thornc, 


No  district  in  America  yields  such  quantities  o(  Irish  moss  as  do  tho  shores  of 
Colmsset  iind  Scituate.  On  tliese  same  "hard  sienitic  roclis,  wliicli  the  wavea 
li;ive  l;iiil  bare  bnt  have  not  been  abli!  to  crmublc,"  in  Oct.,  18U»,  tlie  eniif^rant 
vt's.sel  "!^t.  Jolin"  was  wrecked,  and  many  scores  of  passengers  were  lost.  "Tho 
sca-liatliing  at  Coliassct  Hocks  was  perfect.  The  water  was  purerand  morctrans- 
iiairiit  tii;iii  any  I  had  ever  seen.  Tlie  smooth  and  fantastically  worn  rocks,  and 
ihc  liirfectly  I'lean  and  trcss-likc  roc',<-weeds  falling,'  over  you,  and  attached  so 
linnly  to  tlii-  rocks  that  yon  cnuld  pull  yourself  up  by  tlicm,  greatly  enhanced  tlie 
hLvmy  of  the  bath."  —  Thoukau.  Capt.  John  Smitli,  when  passing  i)y  one  of 
llii>se  nii'ky  promontories,  in  1014,  was  attacked  by  the  Indians  with  arrows, 
\vlii'roii|ion  he  says,  "  We  found  the  people  iu  those  parts  verie  kinde  ;  but  in  their 
fiii'ii'  no  lcs.se  valiant." 

At  N.  Cohasset  are  the  Black   Rock   and   Rockville  Houses,  wliilo 

the  Pleasant  Beacli  House  i.s  south  of  these,  and  on  a  pohit  near  Minot's 

Li'ilj^e  is  tlie   extensive   Glades   House.     Minot's  Ledge  is  a  dangerou.s 

ireff  far  out  from   the  shore.     In  1S19,  a  lighthouse  on  iron  piles  was 

[built  here,  but  this  was  swept  away  in  the  great  storm  of  April,  1851, 

lUtl  its  keepers  were  lost.     The  present  liglithouse  (8  M.  from  Bosfton 

,iglit)  is  88  ft.  high,  of  whii;h  the  lower  40  ft.  are  of  solid  masonry. 

tations  X  Scituate,  Etjypt,   Scituate   ^South   Sliore   House),  a  quiet 

U  marine  village  looking  out  on  tiie  ocean  through  a  wide  harbor-mouth 

icane  a  mile  away.     Cliff  St.  leads  up  on  an  eminence  whence       fino 

lew  is  gained  of  the  sea,  and  the  singular  and  desolate  bluffs  in  the  S. 

ear  by  is  Peggotty  Beach,  witli  good  bathing,  but  no  hotel. 

On  Coleman  Heights,  near  S.  Scituate  station,  is  tlie  Cottage  House,  a 

mmer-liotel  150  ft.  above  the  sea,  on  a  plateau  of  150  acres,  coniniand- 

ig  a  superb  view  of  ocean,  river,  forest,  and  valley  scenery. 

Srituato  was  founded  in  1648  by  Kentish  men,  on  the  Indian  domain  of  Satuit 
liciii'c  its  name).     It  has  4  churclies,  3  hamlets,  and  broad  salt-marshes.    The 

in  (if  ■'  The  Old  Oaken  Bucket  "  was  written  in,  and  is  descriptive  of  a  locality 

(ior'-ing-Brook  V''liey,  near  Coleman  Heights. 

1 II.  from  Sea-Vieto  station  is  the  new  *  Ilottl  ITumarock  (200  guests; 

2.50-3  a  (lay),  on  the  delightful  peninsula  called  by  the  Indians  The 

[umarocks,  5  M.  long,  and  1,000  ft.  wide,  between  North  River  and  the 

There  are  many  beautiful  drives  in  this  region.     From  Mavshfield 

tioii  stages  run  4  M.  E.  to  Brant  Rock  t  Churchill's  Hotel ;  Brnnt-Jiock 

louse;  Washburn  ;  Bay  View,  etc.),  a  small  and  unconventional  sea-side 

iort.    Tlie  ancient  home  of  Daniel  Webster,  2  M.  from  the  station,  was 

iriied  in  1878,  and  has  been  replaced  by  an  Elizabethan  villa,  which 

•sod  out  of  the  Webster  family  in  1884.    To  the  S.  is  the  ancient  Winslow 

[use,  built  by  the  Pilgrim  Gov.  Winslow  in  the  17th  century. 

litre  we  are  in  the  Old  Colony,  fragrant  with  the  history  of  the  Pilgrims. 

road  turning  to  the  1.  from  the  main  read  just  N.  of  the  Webster  farm,  and 

[r.ir.g  toward  the  sea,  leads  in  a  few  minutes  to  an  ancient  burying-ground 

in  ocean-viewing  lull.    The  lirst  graves  rcuched  are  those  of  the  Webster  family: 

L'l.and  his  sons,  — Major  Edward,  died  iu  the  Mexican  War,  and  Col.  Fletcher 

itiiHlith  Mass.  Infantry),  killed  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  1SG2. 

[aniel  Webster,  horn  at  Salisbury,  N.  H.,  Jan.   18,   1782,  was  in  the  class  of 

at  Dartmouth  Colk-ge,  and  afterAvards  became  a  lawyer.     His  matchless  elo- 

iioe  and  ^■ast  ability  carried  him  rapidly  fonvaixl,  and  ho  became  a  Congress- 

3  D 


[ 


n 


'[  i'l! 


If, 


t      ■     '■       ".     I    '  : 


111 


V)       1  ' 


J1 


'ii^: 


f.' 


ii 


50      lioute  4.  BOSTON  TO  S.  DUXBUliY. 

man  (1813 -17,  and  1823-27),  a  Senator  (1827-39,  and  1845 -50),  ami  Serritarr 
oltstato  (1840-43,  and  IKSO-.O^.)  "The  fiunous  Duittiiouth  Collt'Ki'  <iisi',  larn,] 
by  appeal  to  Wa.sliington  in  1817,  plac.-ed  him  in  the  front  rank  ol  i\n'.  Amiriun 
bar.  Among  tlie  great  eases  argued  l)y  litiii  bel'Dro  the  U.  S.  Huiucihh  (.i,i;rt 
were  those  of  Giohons  and  Ogden  (steamlmat  monopoly  case),  tli;ilii|'  ^w^lr^ 
and  .Saunders  (State  insolvent  laws),  tli(^  Ctiarles  Itiver  Bridge  case,  ihi'  iVlaliaiu 

Banl<  case,  tlie  Girard  Will  case,  ai;d  tlit'  Uiiude  Island  (Jliarter  case \),\. 

22,  1820,  he  delivered  liis  e(lei»rated  discourse  at  I'lymoutii  on  the  iiiiiiiversirv 
of  the  landing  of  tins  Pii.^rims.  others  of  tliis  class  of  ellbrts  wem  lh;il(intl,e 
laying  of  tlie  curiier-stoue  of  the  liunlier  Hill  Monument  (June  17,  isij), an'l 
at  its  completion  (.lune  17,  1843),  and  tiie  eulogy  on  Adams  and  Jellersdii,  Jiiln 
1820.  He  again  entered  Congress  in  Dec,  1823;  made  his  famous  s|ii'iMh',;[ 
the  Greek  Revolution  ;  and,  as  chairman  of  the  judi(;iary  conunittee,  rciKirttilai.i 
carried  through  tlie  House  a  complete  revision  of  the  criminal  coili;  (iftiicL 
8.     In  the   ll»th  Congress   he  made   a  masterly  speech  on  the  propuscij  diii). 

matic  Congress  at  Panama His  great  speech  in  reply  to  Ilayiii',  (iclivemj 

in  the  Senate  Jan.  20  and  27,  1830,  on  Foote's  resolution,  has  hci n  dicliriil, 
next  to  the  (Jonstitutiou  itself,  the  most  <;orrect  and  comi)lete  exjiositinn  (.|  tte 
true  pow(!r3  and  functions  of  the  Federal  Government."  As  yecietary  dl  sui< 
under  Tyler  and  Fillmore,  he  settlctl  tlie  Northeastern  Boundary  (iiicstion  (.\sli- 
burton  Treaty).  "Mr.  Webster's  person  was  imposing,  of  comnianiliiif,' licyht, 
and  wcll-]iroportioiied,  the  head  of  great  size,  the  eye  deej>-seated,  lar^'c,  aiidiui- 
trous,  liis  voice  deep  and  sonorous,  his  action  ajipropriate  and  impressive."  llisH* 
quence  on  great  otniasions  has  been  called  "  the  liglitningof  passion  ruiiiiiii},'al"ii: 
the  iron  links  of  argument."  He  was  very  fond  of  rural  life,  of  farmiii^,',  iimlii 
fishing  and  hunting.  (Jn  the  21tli  of  Oct.,  ]8.')2,  at  his  home  in  Marslilield,  died 
Daniel  Webster,  the  foremost  man  in  New  Englainl's  history. 

Near  the  Welister  Monument  is  an  iron-railed  lot,  containing  tlio  tomlisoi 
"Til-:  llouhle.  Josiah  Winshnv,  Gov.  of  New  Plymoutli.  Dyed  Dereiiili(,r ye  ii^ 
1080,  ictatis,  02."     "Penelope,  ye  widilow  of  (i'ov.  Winslow,"  and  otlitrs. 

Edward  Winslow  came  in  tlie  "  Maytlower,"  and  was  governor  of  I'lyimmtli  a 
1033,  '30,  and  '44.  He  was  a  warm  friend  of  tlie  Sachem  Massasoil.  In  Id.;, 
while  Plymouth's  tigent,  Archbishop  Laud  imprisoned  him  17  weeks  in  the  FlM 
Prison  for  heretical  acts,  lie  died  in  1055,  wliile  in  partial  superintcuiiiiin'ifi 
fleet  scut  by  Cromwell  against  the  Spaniards.  From  FIdward's  brother  was  ie 
scended  John  A.  Winslow,  rear-admiral  U.  S.  navy,  who  fought  in  tlie  .Mfi- 
ican  War,  and  in  the  Western  river  siiuadrons,  1801-03.  June  I'.i,  lMi4. ivij-i 
manding  the  "  Kearsage,"  he  was  attacked  off  Cherbourg  by  the  Confciltiatt'  n\ 
steamer,  the  "  Alabama."  The  vessels  were  of  about  tlie  same  streiij,'tli,  Imt « 
skilfully  was  the  "  Kearsage  "  jirotected  and  manoeuvred  that  her  oppuiieut  "ill 
sunk  w.'ain  sight  of  the  crowded  French  coast. 

Josiah  Winslow,  son  of  Ivlward,  was  born  at  Marshfleld  in  1029,  comnmnded 
coloiual  armies  through  King  Philip's  War,  and  was  the  first  native-born  !;uvei 
(l(i73-  lOSO).     His  grandson,  John  Winslow,  born  at  Marsldield,  1702,  a  Imiveai 
able  oflicer,  "was  the  principal  actor  in  the  tragedy  of  the  expulsion  of  tliei! 
less  Acadians  from  Nova  Scotia  in  1755  ;  and  it  is  a  singular  fact  tliat,  2u  vti 
after,  nearly  every  person  of  Winslow 's  lineage  was,  for  political  reasmis,  by 
force  of  events,  trausplauted  to  the  very  soil  from  which  the  Acadians  wtre 
pelled." 

Stations,  Wvbster  Place  (2  M.  from  Webster  TTousp.  at  Cut  Ilivf^ 
Duxbury  {Freeman  IJuuse,  60  guests;  IIolUs  House;  S7-1U  a  wwil 
and  S.  Duxbury,  in  a  picturesque  old  Pilgrim  town. 

Duxbury  was  allotted  to  John  Alden  (youngest  of  the  Pilgrims,  T\l!iise  d 
grandson  commanded  the  7th  Muss.  Continei'tal  Regt.,  and  was  killcil  in  lut!il 
Cherry  Valley),  and  to  Miles  Standish.    The  Bi  idford.s  also  settled  hen',  iiml  .'.iT 
Bradford,  tlie  author,  and  Gamaliel  Bradford,  colonel  of  the  14th  Mass.  l\y^t  il.r 
the  war  for  independence,  were  born  here.     Duxbury  was  so  named  lioin  itjj 
ing  *hc  home  of  the  military  chief  (dux)  of  the  colony.     Standish  livid  on  0 
tain's  Hill,  a  bold  promontory  near  S.  Duxbury,  on  which  has  lately  lieeiuredl 
a  hiind.sonie  circular  stone  tower,  110  ft.  high,  surmounted  by  a  statue  cfs* 
dish.    The  *view  thence  is  one  of  the  grandest  on  the  coast,  and  iiicluttej 
picturesfjue  village  and  harbor  of  Duxbury,  with  its  beaches,  a  wide  swcimff 
sea.  Plymouth  town  and  harbor,  with  the  Guniet  and  Clark's  Island,  the  Kin,? 


^y  Old  Polony  1?.  K.^ 

IWond  .S.  iJraintroe' 

^■Abington(f,Wt7er// 

(Bradford  II„u.sc)  and  i 

Duxbury);  Ahai^jton  {C^ 

"ater;  JV.  Uanson,  witi, 
I'ai'y  staffc  to  Pembroko 
H.'lifa.x  viII,;^ro,  ,'{  M.  s  ■ 

.'f  Silver  lake,  and  with  I 
•MKl.lleborough,  14;  Kings 

Sb,t     n,''""^^*'>»'''" 

;S5srs:ii^^'-»t 

""■Vmaintllin     tat'\M 
'•'''eliisI..i,^l'«^„?^;r,>uCh,J 

^™lien-  0   ;";!i"''''."*«''''''i^'l 
'  ^Ji'Lh  wade  it  the  costll 


flllVSt, 


in  K>r;.(| 

IVOUl  itij 

lived  Oil  I 
\ieen  e« 

iiicludesj 
i  the  W 


hail  the  iiiiitx'oiiLeof  a  (loveand 
Hid  uititiiph  id  '  Avolavit.'"  —  iMAiiiEB. 


PLYMOUTH.  liuuteS.       51 

mill  Uie  1>|>1<1  (liitliiieH  of  Maiioiiict  Hill  nml  tin'  nine  Hills.  Milen 
Stmii"*'',  11  veteniii  of  the  Fliindera  c'lifnpiU^iis,  came  over  with  the  l'ilj,'riins,  and 
wan  iii:i'li'  •-'"•'  l'*"^''  *'•  their  uiiiiii.'S  (coiiHirttinj,'  of  12  men),  iillhou^'h  he  did  not 
bfliiiii;  ti' til'''''  '■•""''''.  Hi)  was  ii  sliort  iii.iii,  very  brave,  hut  iiuiietuous  and 
cliiileHi',  aini  hiM  ii^iiiK'  Hooii  liciMiiie  ii  tenor  to  all  hostile  IiidiaiiM.  lie  is  the 
liiiMiila  1"  I'ltifid  pouni  in  nine  i)arts,  by  Loiiyl'elluw,  culled  "The  Courtship  of 
Miii'.-i  St.iiiilisii." 

Kiiliili  raitridK't'.  the  llrst  imstor  of  Diixbury, 
tiie  loftiiie.is  of  au  eayle. 

The  Slantlish  House  is  a  seaside  msort  near  S.  Duxhiiry,  with  still- 
water  liathing,  lisliing,  etc.  Tiie  scenery  in  the  vjeinity  is  lieantifnl  and 
(liver.sitied,  with  antique  houses.  At  Diixlmry  is  tiio  end  of  tlie  Frenelt 
Ailaiitii:  teh'gniiih.  Tlie  railroad  runs  8.  W,  Ii  M.  from  S.  Duxbury,  to 
Kin'jstuii,  on  the  riyinouth  Drunch  11,  11. 

5.    Boston  to  Plymouth. 

Py  Old  f'olony  1?.  R.,  37  i  M.,  in  1-]  hrs.     To  S.  Braintree,  see  paffe  37. 

Ik'yoiii!  S.  Uraintrce,  the  stations  are  S.  Weymouth  (Cmhiny  f/oitse); 
N.  Abington  (C'«/t'er //ow.se),  whence  a  brandi  line  run-.  E.  to  Rockland 
(Bradford  House)  and  Hanover  (stages  thence  to  E.  Pembroke  and  W. 
Duxbury);  Mnitjton  (Centennial  House),  i  M.  from  station;  S.  Abington 
(Uvbait  1/uiim),  whence  a  braucli  runs  S.W.  to  E.  Ihidgewater  and  Uridge- 
water;  N.  TTansnn,  with  daily  stage  to  Hanson,  3  M.  E. ;  S.  Ilamon,  with 
daily  stage  to  Pembroke,  5  ^f.  N.  E. ;  Halifax,  with  semi-daily  stage  to 
Hiilifax  villr.ge,  JJ  M.  S  W.;  Plijnipton,  near  the  summer  picnic-grounds 
of  Silver  Lake,  and  with  daily  stage  to  Plympton,  '.)]  M.,  Carver,  ^2S,  and 
Miil(lleborough,14;  Kingston  (P<//Ma;e<l //ousc),  whence  railroad  to  Duxbury. 

riyniouth.  —  Samoset  House,  150  guests,  near  station,  $2-2.50  a  day,  S8-14 
awuek;  Central  and  Plynioiith-Kock  Houses,  $5-  7  a  week. 

hiizabt'th,  Queen  of  England,  in  15J8-62,  put  into  operation  the  Acts  of  Su- 
i  iiri'iiiacy  and  Uniformity,  and  the  Articles  of  Religion,  sternly  forbidding  all  forms 
I  of  leligiiuis  worship  within  her  realm,  save  those  i>resci:bed  by  the  Chunih  of 
jEii,,'l:iii(l,  of  which  she  was  the  head.  Almost  simultaneoasly  a  sect  sprang  up, 
lihiiiiiiii;  that  the  Anglican  Church  still  retained  many  of  the  errors  of  Roman 
Icitliolioisiii ;  while,  in  oi)p03ition  to  the  Queen's  primacy  and  ecclesiastical  laws, 
[tiny  iiiaiutained  that  the  church  was  spiritual,  governed  by  the  laws  of  Christ 
K'ivtii  in  the  New  Testament,  and  separate  from  temiioral  affairs  and  independent 
lol'  eartlily  sovereigns.  Hence  they  were  called  Separatists  (sometimes  Brown- 
lisls).  They  were  imprisoned  and  martyred  by  the  government,  and  in  1598  many 
jtl'il  ti)  Holland.  Churclies  existed  at  Southwark  and  elsewliore,  but  the  true 
|liirtliplaieof  the  Pilgrim  Church  (if  not  at  Jerusalem)  was  at  the  deserted  "Manor 
ci'tliL'  Bishops  "  (of  York)  at  Scrooby.  Bancroft,  the  new  primate,  redoubled  the 
ll'trjiH'utioiis,  in  1G02,  and  in  1C08  the  church  at  Scrooby  ran  the  blockade  of  the 
tii,'lisli  iiiast,  and  went  to  Amsterdam.  In  1(509  the  Pilgrims  moved  to  Leyden, 
Bill  ill  l('.J')  sailed  from  Delfthaven,  via  Southampton,  for  America.  On  Sept. 
Mill'  ".MayHiiwer,"  prcviou.sly  driven  back  l)y  ndverse  circumstances,  left  Ply- 
iwiitli  ill  i:ii;^l.ind,  intending  to  reach  land  and  settle  near  the  Hudson  River.  By 
|ri';iilRTy  or  otherwise  they  struck  the  continent  far  north  of  this  point,  and  on 
|lie  ;ilst  Dec,  1C20,  the  Pilgrims  landed  at  New  Plymouth.  Capt.  Smith  was 
leverely  attacked  here  by  tlie  Indians  in  1014,  and  Standiah's  rude  forays  on 
Cape  Cod  had  enraged  the  ab  rigincs,  but  the  Wampanoag  tribe,  which  in  1616 
piiljpicil  :io,noo  souls,  had  be>  ii  reduced  by  a  great  war,  followed  by  a  pestilence, 
)a  leiimaut  of  300.  By  the  latter  pai-t  of  March,  44  Pilgrims  had  died,  and  then 
p  Sachem  Massasoit  made  an  alliance  witli  the  dwindling  colony.  In  1622  a 
pssive  structure  was  erected  for  a  church,  with  a  battlemented  roof  and  ord- 
ance,  which  made  it  the  castle  of  the  village.     In  1621  and  1623  other  companiea 


I  ' 


I      i 


qi 


3 


I' 


1' 


i» 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


fe 


(./ 


:a 


l/u 


1.0 


I.I 


!i  Iffi  III  2.0 


IL25  i  1.4 


1.6 


V] 


'» 


.%/^-^ 


'^' 


/ 


'/ 


^# 


Hiotographic 

Sdaices 
Corporation 


v 


^ 


^^ 


:\ 


\ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  873-4503 


tf 


l/u 


h2      Route  5. 


BOSTON  TO  PLYMOUTH. 


: 


of  Pilgrims  crossed  the  sea,  after  which  the  colony  throve  and  occupied  the  neigh- 
boring lands.  In  March,  1621,  Sumoset  and  Tisquantum  came  in  and  tohl  tlicrn 
of  the  land  (the  latter  having  been  stolen  by  Hunt,  in  1614,  from  the  coast,  anrj 
sold  at  Malaga  as  a  slave).  In  1624,  the  first  cattle  ever  in  New  Engliiml  were 
landed  here,  and  in  the  same  year  Plymouth  was  found  to  consist  of  'M  Imiiscs 
surrounded  by  a  high  palisade  with  fortified  gates.  Canonicus,  cliief  of  tlic  Xarra' 
gansetts,  sent  a  slioaf  of  airows  bound  with  a  rattlesnake's  slvin,  tn  (inv. 
Bradford,  as  a  token  of  hostility.  The  sVcin  was  filled  with  jjowdcr  and  slint,  aini 
sent  back  to  Canonicus,  who  iniderstood  this  grim  answer,  and  as  long  as  lie  lived 
restrained  his  tribe  from  attacking  the  colony.  As  one  of  the  United  (.'niimics, 
Plymouth  bore  her  part  in  the  Indian  wars,  until  it  finally  joined  the  colnny  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  in  1692. 

"Metfiinkslseeitnow,  that  one,  solitary,  adventurous  vessel,  the  '  Jrayllower,' 
of  a  forlorn  hope,  freighted  with  the  prospects  of  a  future  state,  and  bound  across 
the  unknown  sea.  I  behold  it  pursuing,  with  a  thousand  misgivings,  tlie  wwm- 
tain,  the  tedious  voyage.  Suns  rise  and  set,  and  weeks  and  months  ]iass,  ainI 
winter  surprises  them  on  the  deep,  but  brings  them  not  the  sight  of  the  wislicd- 
for  shore.  I  see  them  now  scantily  supplied  with  provisions,  crowded  alnmst  tu 
suffocation  in  their  ill-stored  prison,  delayed  by  calms,  pursuing  a  circuitous  nmte: 
and  now  driven  in  fury  before  the  raging  tempest  on  the  high  and  giddy  waves 
....  The  awful  voice  of  the  storm  howls  through  the  rigging.  Tlie  laliorin; 
masts  seem  straining  from  their  base  ;  the  dismal  sound  of  the  pumps  is  luani; 
the  ship  leaps,  as  it  were,  madly,  from  billow  to  billow ;  the  ocean  breaks  and 
settles  with  engulfing  floods  over  the  floating  deck,  and  beats  with  deadening, 
shivering  weight  against  the  staggered  vessel.  I  see  them,  escajied  from  tli(s« 
perils,  pursuing  their  all  but  desperate  undertaking,  and  landed  at  last,  after  a  fivt 
months'  passage,  on  the  ice-dad  rocks  of  Plyinouth,  weak  and  weary  fima  Hk 
voyage,  poorly  armed,  .  .  .  without  shelter,  without  means,  surrounded  byljos- 

tile  tribes Tell  me,  man  of  military  science,  in  how  many  montlis  wm 

they  all  swept  away  by  the  30  savage  tribes  of  New  England?  Tell  nie,  i^  ilitician, 
how  long  did  this  shadow  of  a  colony,  on  which  your  conventions  and  treaties liaJ 
not  smiled,  languish  on  the  distant  coast?  ....  Is  it  possible,  that,  from  a  1* 
ginning  so  feeble,  so  frail,  so  worthy  not  so  much  of  admiration  as  of  ])ity,  tlien 
has  gone  forth  a  progress  so  steady,  a  growth  so  wonderful,  an  expansion »! 
ample,  a  reality  so  important,  a  promise,  yet  to  be  fulfilled,  so  glorious?"— Em 
WARD  Everett. 

See  also  Mrs.  Hemans'  inimitable  hymn,  beginning. 


"  The  breaking  waves  dashed  high 
On  a  stem  and  rock-buund  coast, 

When  a  band  of  exiles  moored  their  bark 
By  the  wild  New  England  shore." 

*  Forefathers'  Sock,  "the  corner-stone  of  the  Republic,"  upon  vhidj 
the  Pilgrims  first  landed  from  their  shallop,  is  a  gray  sienitic  gniiil 
boulder,  near  Wafer  St.  and  the  harbor.  Over  it  stands  a  granite  caiiop] 
in  whose  attic  are  the  bones  of  Pilgrims  wlio  died  in  l(i'2()  -  21. 

•Pilgrim  Hall,  a  fire-proof  granite  building  on  Court   St.,  coiitai 
Charles  Lucy's  great  painting  of  the  Embarkation  of  the  Pilgrims,  a li 
copy  of  Weir's  painting  of  the  same,  Sargent's  Landing  of  the  I'llgriij 
and  ancient  portraits  of  John  Aklen,  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  the  "Wiii.-l 
etc.;   also,  Alden's  Bible,  Standish's  sword,  Brew.ster's  chair,  rciej; 
White's  candlestick,  Carver's  chair,  Winslow's  commission  from  C« 
well,  Lorea  Standish's  embroidery,  and  many  otiier  relics  of  tlic 
flower,  besides  1,200  volumes  of  ancient  books.    Every  tourist  should t 
Pilgrim  Hall,  which  is  open  daily. 

Among  the  old  houses  are  the  Carver  house,  part  of  which  d.ntes  I 
1667,  the  Stephens  house,  about  1677;  the  Doten  house,  before  1069. 


Tom  Green  ia  at 
Gothic  Unitarian  CJ 
The  remarkably  how 
^>y-    Oj)po.site  tJiis  c 
r.  of  the  Unitaj-ian  C 
"^m-  or  the  Pilgrims 
•^fo"es  cover  the  green 
•™'^nts,  as  those  to 
m,  the 


e's 
Goi 


embattled  chx 

sheltered  flat  roof      e 

f^^-^h,  and  sentinels,  o 

BurjingHiJlisfin    ;^ 

Captain's  HiJI,  Cape  Qc 

ff'-n^Vew  England,  r 
the  foot  of  Middle  St   . 

■•een  space  called  Col 
company  (inc]«din< 
^"  ^'-^  the  handsome 
^^^  ^''<^  High  School  Ta 
'''--^■-- the  Union' \ 
as^asoit  appeared  in  Afa 

^"^itiUhe  handful^ 
''''"'-"^7  Sea,   one  of  1 

.™o«th  Forest  ('.the  Ad 
;^^-;%e,andis^''' 

'^  '"'ty  promontory 
"omet  Ponds.     / ^f^ 

;7K  and  70  me,  1; 

^(>th,  1620      T>  ^ 

■net  on  Ti     ^^°"^  »'! 
"«'»  on  the  latter  of  whic 

Hand  her il??.^''*''*'-^' 

^"■-^'•dsa,.dP""^J«bythei' 
^V  'Wii  lead  fn  .^"'■^'"''8  "'i'li 

rtWO  yearltr  „  .  .  ■•*  '»  an 
H  '•oSr^' "'J''  Include  " 
^  ^'ona.      ^°°^>  boots  aa! 


BOSTON  TO  PLYMOUTH. 


Route  5.       63 


\ein 
awl 

AS('?, 

am- 

;,  ami 
lived 

luy  of 

lower,' 

across 
uiu-H- 

SS,  iUid 

wislieiV 

,s  route; 
y  waves, 
'lalior'm: 
s  lu'ari; ! 
caUs  iitid  I 
Lv.uU'uii'?. 
•om  tliest 
fterafivM 
fvoiu  tlitl 

"(i  Viyii"H 

veuliesliiil 

from  a  Vl 

I  i.itv,  tl«n| 

i.iiusioii  »l 


ipon  vliiq 
line  gv-iw 
lite  ca"i'?l 


Lt     coiiti 
lie  Vilgri 

ir,  Vcvf? 
from  ^'^ 
of  tlie  3IJ 
,t  slit'U^*^ 

Ih  (dates' 
re  1009' 


Town  Green  is  at  the  end  of  Main  Street.     On  the  site  of  the  present 
Gothic  Unitarian  Church  older  churches  were  built  in  the  first  days. 
The  remarkably  homely  Church  of  the  Pilgrimage  (Cong.)  stands  near 
1)V.    Opposite  this  church   is  the  Town   Hall,  built    in  1749.     To  the 
r.  of  the  Unitarian  Church  is  tlie  path  to   the  *  Burying  Hill,  where 
many  of  the  Pilgrims  were  interred.     Ancient  and  moss-covered  tomb- 
stones cover  the  green  slopos,  with  here  and  there  more  pretentious  mon- 
uments, as  those   to  Gov.  Bradford,  Elder  Cuslnnan,  and  others.     In 
1622,  the  embattled  church  was  built  on  this  hill,  with  six  cannon  on  its 
sheltered  flat  roof.      Every  man  brought  his  gun  and  ammunition  to 
church,  and  sentinels,  on  a  tower,  watched  incesoantly.     The  *  view  frora 
Burying  Hill  is  fine,  embracing  the  liarbors  of  Plymouth  and  Duxbury, 
Captain's  Hill,  Cape  Cod,  Manomet   Hills,  &c.      Leyden  St.,  the  first 
istreet  in  New  England,  runs  E.  from  Town  Square  to  the  water.     Near 
he  foot  of  Middle  St.  and  W.  of  the  canopy-covered  rock,  is  a  small 
reen  space  called  Cole's  Hill,  where  were  buried  50  of  the  Mayflower 
;oiiipany   (including    Gov.    Carver),   in   1620-21.     Near    the    Pilgrim 
all  are  the  handsome  County  buildings  ;   and   on    Training  Green, 
ear  the  High  School,  is  a  monument  to  the  town's  soldiers  who  died  in 
lie  War  for  the  Union.     Behind  the  High  School  is  Watson's  Hill,  where 
assasoit  appeared  in  March,  1621,  with  60  warriors,  and  concluded  a 
ia[iue  with  the  handful  of  Pilgrims  which  was  sacredly  kept  for  50  years. 
|illington  Sea,   one  of  the  two  hundred  ponds  which  are  in  the  vast 
mouth  Forest  ("the  Adirondacks  of  Massachusetts"),  is  about  2  M. 
m  the  village,  and  is  4^  M.  around.     About  3  M.  S.  of  Plymouth  is 
e  Clifford  House,  a  favorite  summer  resort.     S.    E.  of  Plymouth  is 
le  lofty  promontory  of  Manomet,  near  which  is  the  village  (hotel)  of 
.nomet  Ponds.     A  strip  of  sand  3  M.  long  forms  a  natural  breakwater 
'ore  the  town,  on  which,  in  Dec,  1779,  the  war-ship  "Gen.  Arnold" 
wrecked,  and  70  men  froze    to  death  on  her  decks.     In  the  N.  part 
the  harbor  is  Clark's  Island,  where  the  Pilgrims  remained  Dec.   9th 
10th,  1620.     Beyond  are  the  jjrominent  points  of  Saquish  and  the 
net,  on  the  latter  of  which  stand  a  lighthouse  and  Fort  Andrew. 

|n  a  high  hill  near  the  Samopet  House  stands  the  *  National  Monutncnt  to  the 
Vfatliers,  81  ft.  high,  of  jjrauite  and  marble  The  central  statue,  representing 
Ih.ia  3lJ  ft.  high,  the  large.^t  granite  statue  in  the  world.  Her  right  hand  is 
TfUHl,  nnd  her  left  holds  a  Bible,  On  pedestals  about  the  base  will  be  four  .sit- 
|st;itups  ri'pre.'ieuting  the  cardinal  princiiiles  of  the  Pilgrim  coniinonwcalth,— 
klity,  Law,  Education,  and  Freedom  Kach  of  these  is  to  be  20  ft.  hi<;h,  with 
pes  in  nichod  panels  by  their  thrones,  each  of  which  will  be  9  ft.  high,  llis- 
1  record.s  and  baa-reliefs  will  adorn  the  sides  of  the  pedestal,  and  an  internal 
itay  will  lead  to  the  feet  of  Faith.  The  statues  of  Morality  and  Education  are 
|in  place    also,  two  of  the  large  marble  baa-reliefs. 

iTmouth  has  7,500  Inhabitants,  2  newspapers,  2  banks,  2  savings-banks,  a  public 

p,  and  9  churches.    It  is  an  important  port  of  entry.     Its  manufactures  reach 

0,000  yearly,  and  include  cotton  duck,  woollens,  cordage,  nails,  tacks,  rivets, 

jtDd  copper  goods,  boots  and  shoes.     The  public  water-supply  comes  from 

'  Pond. 


Wik 


\fr. 


n'  ' 


^'tr    I 


53  a.       R<mte  6.       BOSTON   TO   CAPE   COD. 


,l: 


if 


!i 


Plymouth  is  popular  as  a  summer-resort,  being  kept  cool  by  a  branch  of 
the  great  Arctic  ocean-current.  The  Samoset  and  Cliftbrd  Houses,  have 
large  livery-stables  which  afford  facilities  for  riding  to  the  many  interest- 
ing places  in  the  vicinity.  Mayflowers  (trailing  arbutus)  are  found  in 
abundance  in  the  great  forests  near  by,  where  also  is  a  great  variety  of 
game,  —  partridges,  quails,  black  ducks,  rabbits,  foxes,  and  deer,  with 
trout  in  the  brooks,  black  bass  and  pickerel  in  the  lakes,  and  many  larjier 
fish  in  tlie  outer  bay.  Manomet  Bluffs  {Brastow  House,  50  guests,  $8- 
12  a  week)  are  7  M.  from  Plymouth,  and  have  been  formed  into  a  sum. 
nier-resort,  with  cottages  and  avenues.  The  facilities  for  hunting,  tit^hillJ:, 
and  bathing  are  good,  and  there  are  broad  sea-views.  -Near  Manomet 
Point  (S.  Plymouth)  is  the  Manomet  House,  a  favorite  summer  resort. 

A.  M.  Watson  and  E.  W.  Watson  have  summer  hoarding-houses  on  j 
Clark's  Island. 

♦The  Clifi'ord  is  a  handsome  first-class  hotel  at  the  head  of  Plymoutlij 
Beach,  with  well-kept  grounds  and  choice  scenic  surroundings.  It  liail 
Bteam-heat,  gas,  running  water,  Hvery-stable,  boats,  etc.,  and  affords  jjoodj 
facilities  for  visiting  the  adjacent  historic  region,  rich  ux  diversified  sceuer/,[ 

6.  Boston  to  Cape  Cod. 

By  the  Cape-Cod  Division  of  the  Old  Colony  R.  R.  in  5  -  6  lirs.  (to  rrovina 
town  :  fare,  $  3).     Two  trains  run  eacli  way  daily. 

Stations.  —  Boston  to  Savin  Hill,  3  M.  ;  Harrison  Square,  3| ;  Nepoiiset,  i| 
Atlantic.  5^  ;  WoUastou  Heights,  CJ  ;  Quiney,  8  ;  Quincy  Adams,  8i  :  Braintn 
10  ;  S.  Braintree.  11^  :  Holbrook,  15  ;  E.  Stoughton.  16|  ;  Brockton,  20 ;  Ciil 
pello.  21J^ ;  Matfield,  23| ;  E.  and  W.  Bridgewater,  25 ;  Bridgewater,  27 ;  Titioi 
and  N.  Middleboro',  30j  ;  Middleboro',  344  :  Rock,  39  ;  S.  Middleboro",  42;TrJ 
niont,  45  ;  S.  Warehani,  47  ;   W-.r-ihani,  49  ;   Agawain,  51  ;  Cohasset  Namii 
54  (branch  to  Wood's  Holl)  ;  Monument,  55  ;  N.  Sandwich,  58  ;  W.  Saiulwiil 
59  ;  Sandwich,  62  :  W.  Barnstable,  69  ;  Barnstable,  73  ;  Yarmouth,  75  (l)raii(li 
Hyannis,  79)  ;  S.  Yarmouth,  80  ;  S.  Dennis,  81  ;  N.  Harwich,  83  ;  IlaiwichJ 
Brewster,  89  ;  E.  Brewster,  92  ;  Orleans,  94  ;  Easthani,  97  ;  N.  Easthani,  103;| 
Weimeet,  106  ;  Wellfleet,  109  ;  S.  Truro,  111  ;  Truro,  114  ;  N.  Truro,  120;  Pi{ 
mcetown. 


""'^'^™Hin  the 
"'''er  estate  nZ  ^.^' 

"'"■""  vie,  oter;'""' 


r''^''",  .1  lUn 


m  p/ 


■>  etc. 


long, 


The 


The  train  leaves  the  Old-Colony  station,  at  the  corner  of  Kneelam 
South  Sts.,  and  runs  S.  across  Fort  Point  Channel  and  by  S.  Bod 
Thence  it  runs  down  through  the  villages  of  the  D'^rchester  District,'] 
frequent  views  of  the  bay  on  the  1.     Tlie  beautiful  cluster  of  villasf 
Savin  Hill,  the  high-placed  Meeting-House  Hill,  and  comnierciiil  Xef 
set,  where  it  crosses  the  Neponset  River,  are  passed.     Beyond  Alia 
and  the  modern  hill-village  of  Wollaston  Heights  the  line  runs  by  am 
Quincy.     John  Hancock  was  born  in  a  house  now  standing,  S.  of  Qui] 
and  the  old  John-Adams  mansion  is  near  by,  at  the  foot  of  Payne 
Adams  Street  is  N.  W.  of  the  station,  towards  Wollaston  Heiglits, 
is  one  of  the  stateliest  avenues  in  New  England,  curving  gracefully  ar 
the  hill  and  passing  a  line  of  dignified  old  mansions,  with  venerable^ 
bright  gardens,  and  well-kept  terraces.    The  first  house  on  the  r. 


on  Un""'' '' ^^ 


'^'•0  tow 


^■''e  Aim 
"  hns] 


'Stations       T> 


'"''  small 
yilkge 

'"  ^^r,  ahn  .'^'   etc 

,?»' -wit*::  ■■"'...., 


^OSTO.V  TO  CAPE  COD  ^ 

no^*^  occupied  by  Charles  Fr.n  •         ''""'  "  ^^^e  ancienf  A  , 

of''er  estate  pertainin!  to  r^''  °'  '''^*  '■^^-     On       1     '?'^  '"'^"■^'°", 

quarries  on  J/A  Ararai  t  f*'  ■'''''^^  ^euds  from  Ad.r  <.t      ''^'  *''«  other 

T"e  estate  and  hret^j^  o"- ^''■^''  --'-n  s"  n'  •  ^  '''  ''^^^^^ 
'""•    Hough's  Neck  (GiJZ^T'^  ^^d'^-^'s,  j/    ""  ^"t-'-esting  view. 

h  b,.,/r  Kn  vf;     "l'^.^^  ^^--•«-     On   he^^f  :;^   "-  Sailors'  Sn  .t 

h"'-S"ore  Ranloll  S^^Z  f  ^^  ^^''^^^  over    ^t""  ^---la  Is  thf 

r«"'  S-  B.aintree.  "^'^  ^''^"^  ^^-aintree ;  and     f  p  "  ^'''^'''    The 

1  r'-  «r.st  station  beyond  S  P    •  *         '"""'^  ^'•'^"«'» 

pniifactuiinf'  viJio„  ^raintree  is  fTM      , 

leseenerr  ,n  fh^  ,,•  .     "^"'aknig,  with  a  n-inpr       ,    "^P^''*'^eof7  ]oo 


'      i'. 


'*Se  With  cre-ll.-,^'^"*''  (ff'/lroJ  ,,         J*'™- ami 
rmian  domain  of  V;    /  /  °"® 

R  H;rr  •  ^'^--t  -s  ;::-*  ^.  Mi,. 

I'linl74«        ,       ''*  ^''^^ted  a  trin  hi,  "  '"  "^^^  Somerset 

I        ^'''"''^•^^^-"^'-tsftheS^^^^^^^^^^^  ^-   MatS 

''^  '"  America)  for  the 


mn  PA.PE  COD. 
BOSTON?  TO  CXr^ 


.,      nouiee.  B^^^^''    '  .e  .teat  nutobers  onvo. 

^'SJS  Government.  __^^  ^  g.  Bri<if'^-*S^%Sio.u.;uuuuf. 

^■^  .,..„„.!  run 


and  DTci-  ^"  ^^^  ^^^j  ^^^,^  v.er«  -.  ^^.^^  ^..^^^^^ 

Secession  ^^t.  ,     r-  BrW!?ewf^*'^',Mvious  nuuuUac- 

national  Governmei  "E^r^^ttrnvSn  ^«''^1  uS  fani«  *'-  "VlJ 

tories  ;  and  S.  A   .^^  „,,^,ulacto       ,^  v,a;^B.  »  P- 1  io48,  o..  the  1      j^^^^^i.^,,  „ 


,  „ri,l»cxvatevtlie  Cape  v  g^„ra\  ta  ^^„^^,,^, 

j,avev.  at.  f  *^'?^„od»,  "'""fZ^P'^s  ;  and  o"  *«  ,^;,,,,,  J 
of  Career,  :^^'l'll^,  v^iWerness  o(  By  ^^^^ ^^,,,,^et  m  "1 

^^^  "t"  UacrPona  ana  BmrV^^;^/,,,  colony  K^^r/teroC  t-)'^ 
Great  Q^^^^f  ;",„,««  «nd^^aUl^er,^,^     .tern 


,  pasain! 
^•llancc of  10%  "1  ,irs"of  MWdlcbot 

Landing),  Pf^j^^{vomMiU«J}.g  Cove,  on  >^^^^^  is  a  s        .^^ 

Buzzards  J3ay>  v.-«,  f  Kcnrfricfc  J^^*^''',    „.., 

fnlets  is  iii^«-  ,  ^„ ^  'Warelvam  (^^"         Buzzards  Baj 

-1  Tremont  ana  '       ,,,„  f3 .  inlets  oi  ^j        ^^f.park  i 

The  iar.viev^'"S  ^  "  ^ 


»\iH  ^ 


)f  iron 
iiig  the 
ior  Uie 


uiiiuufac- 
■ov  i>VVl« 

lioiAs,  aini 
jellioii,  c!  I 

lite.  'Ili» 
cluuchcs. 
and  nwH 

is  fhe  to^ 
ests,  lieyK 

the  ^-t^ 


of  tuetwl] 

from  ^^'^ 
fjewpovt, 

g  stilt  ion!  I 

ater  in  » 
g  received 


BOSTO.V  TO  CAPE  COD  „    , 


are  near  bv.    Steamp.  '^""'  '^'''^' ^-        55 

Soon  after,  the  StS'h?  ^'°'  '°  ^««d'«  Ho  I  (sl'"*"^'"  »<>«««.    At 

-'^''-  follow  rstatrl""^'^^-^^^^^^^^^^^^  '"'«^^-- 

an.l  .S  .,/w,A      -  Thfn         '  ^^onument,  ^   ^«„^,     ,  "^^  ^''e  crossed, 

,  It  is  nearly  all  sanrl  ^m\       ^'  '^"^  ^as  an  avemJu        '  *"'^  t^«nce 

-HhinkstharSoctt^:^'?^'-^^^^^  °' '  ^•" 

and  built  Cape  Cod  of  tL     '*'"  ^'^^  ^««t«"  HarLT    "''^T^   «"«^- 
jreacl.es  as  far  as  Truro    .*''  ?/""*«  ^^-^"^ents.    7  ^b  1  ''^''' '^^^^^ 

h"-^ko'i  flesh  of  tter.       ^'''''^  '"  ^«  stitched  in  .ir       ''"'^  ^«  t^is 
Imnds)  -liscovered  VrL'^^f^  «f  Cape  Cod  a,!  1  '""""^^'^'^y  bare." 

I'W  the  broad  track  nfc?"'^'^'  ^'^"ful  to  flv  f^;„^^l"»  ''etun,  wherp  o„.  °  "^^^ 


,  tbe  Cape  g  i-Juhp.  ^nd  ren^ained  faithfuUo'tE"^  [epudiatSi 

(19  Bay.  '^f  (C'ejt^m^  //o,,,,^)  is  .  town     r  «        '"^  *^  t^»«  colonists. 

^^,.pa.fci  '  churches,  and  33,000  acres Tf    "^f,^'^^^  "^habitants    with  . 

p.„.eetiny  ^^-^  glass  (600  ^orCnT   4r  1 /""'     ''  --"^res 

,  mdepcn  l^^^^^ccble  station  stage        'trf.^"'''''^'^'^^^^^ 

'rtsmen,"6-7M   ^,=f  ^®^"^°to  Cotuit  Port    o^f    ,         *^' 

T  .         "•  "'"""'  <"■  ""  S.  3h„„  Of '  Jcti™ VI 


'  < 


I 


BOSTON  TO  CAPE  COD. 


CLwit  Home,  near  '!>«  !';'^^  '  °\U  *e  county  buiMmgs. 

^i™  treated  pitilessly  ^^  }^\'^l  and  but  few  ^e™"\t  hnH -548  inViabitiints. 
ToTned  the  1st  Mass  R^P-^^'^S'liSO?.    Marshpee  u^^^nv  ^^^^^^^^  ,/o.,v). 

COM*' JIiVlU  is  on  tbe  S.  siiore    and  1.^^^.  M..mV«eV.V-"^n  miL  towuU 


,!ii'; 


S.  yamouf/i  station  i.  2  M.  f'^"^"  j"^  j..  ^nd  W.  Dennis.    I «] 

pennis  (Nick.rson  House)  <i«'^>'  ^^ff^^^^o //^nHc/.  P<-a Sea-  H 
Ha^ci  (Centra?,  i-'"-^'-^*^;:^''^';,!"  )  Brewster  {Oc.an  nA 
H^S.  i  8  M.  to  .^^-^-^^C  J  r  L^r.^  and  singular  bo.  J 
•   1 1  M  from  its  station,  near  Lav^       ^      -  .  ^^^„  a„d  OrieW 

■;„!,;    here.  Many .ai.or^ ^^'-X^^^^Sm the Pnph,. » .4 

'under  the  >ead  ot  Tl'^'^f  i^^^^^^,  twenty  ft.  »q--.  ""'.  "* 
or  of  Plymouth.    A  fort.fl«d  c'"™-  a  ,„r  the  numstiv.  I 

Tpt  o/every  *-»^^:';;^;r:  ,'Ce  ,on,  heW  extensive  «»,.! 

At  Millennium  firove  m  tti".'""'     thel.roa.1,  sandy  plams  o   ^  j 

J^     The  linenow  passes,  on  the  £.,  the  ^  ^^^^  ^^_^^^  ^^^,^^^,     i,.ri 

lotions,  ivr.  -?«"^':*^'"'  f  "ordpe  Cod  Bay,  and  is  sh*' j 
Hotel)  WelWeet  Bay  opel.s  °»^^^  inhabitants,  a  flshn* H 
Unto     islands.      Tl«  town  has  2,1.5  m  .^  ^^^^^^^,  ,,„„J 

icles,  and  a  f  .^'--^rct  a^'ls  freshUer  ponds  ^ 
hills  and  pine-plams,  aino^.  ^^  ^^^  n.,  with  1,-09  ij 

climate  is  remarkably  "^^^^^'^.^^^^  ponds.  It  is  a  sandy  ctej 
tants,  3  churches,  3  viH^g^^'  '^"\"^"^!J,  .  Somerset "  was  y^A 
':!  'oi  whose  beaches  t^^^^^;:^.^' ^^  Welldeet,  in  1718  ^ 
1778,  and  480  men  made  Py^^;"^;       ^^^,  .^recked,  and  130  hue* 

■were  drowned,     inuo  >va 


iwe 


BOSTON  TO  CAPE  COD. 


Route  6.       57 


fiL'M,  .13  it  has  perhaps  the  most  fatal  coast  in  New  England.  Scores  of 
vessels  have  been  (lashed  in  pieces  on  its  shore,  and  hundreds  of  lives 
have  hw.\\  lost.  There  is  scarcely  a  family  in  Truro,  or  indeed  on  the 
whole  Cape  E.  of  Barnstable,  but  has  lost  some  member  by  the  disasters 
of  the  se;;.  Truro  lost  57  men  and  7  vessels,  and  Dennis  lost  28  men  in 
one  thiy  of  1841.  The  lofty  Fresnel  burners  of  the  famous  Highland 
Light  shed  a  vivid  rudiaiice  over  leagues  of  rude  CDast  and  deep  sea.  N. 
Truro  liaa  farm  boardlng-iiouses,  noble  ocean  scenery,  and  perfect  quiet. 

Tlion'jiti  walked  from  Orleans  to  Provinoetown  (several  days)  on  the  ocean  side 
nf  tliis  "  siui'1-bai  in  the  midst  of  the  sea,"  and  siiys  :  — 

"The  iicaifst  beach  to  us  on  the  east  was  on  the  coast  of  Galioja,  in  Spain, 
wlu'se  eapit'l  is  iSantiago,  though  by  old  poets' reckoning  it  sliouid  have  been 
Atlantis  nr  the  IIesj)eri(les  ;  but  heaven  is  found  to  be  farther  west  now.  At  first 
wc  were  al)n!ast  of  tliat  part  of  i'ortugal  entre  Douro  e  Mino,  an<l  then  Gali(!ia 
anil  the  port  of  Pontevcdro  opened  to  us  as  we  walked  along  ;  but  we  did  not  en- 
ter, the  breakers  ran  so  higli.  The  bold  headland  of  Cape  Finistern-,  a  little  noi'th 
of  east,  Jutted  toward  us  nt^xt,  with  its  vain  brag,  for  we  flung  liack,  —  '  Here  is 
C'lpe  Coil,  Cai)e  [jand's  Beginning.*  A  little  iiidetitatiim  toward  the  north—  for 
the  liiml  loomed  to  our  imaginations  like  a  common  mirage  —  we  knew  was  the 
Bay  of  Biscay,  and  we  sang : 

'  There  we  lav  till  next  day, 

In  the  Bay  of  Biscay,  O  I '" 

".\  little  south  of  past  was  Palos,  wliere  Columi>;.'8  weighed  anchor,  and  farther 
yet  the  i.illars  which  Hercules  set  up." 

"  Truro  is  "a  village  where  its  able-bodied  men  are  nil  ploughing  the  ocean 
tngether  as  a  common  field.  In  N.  Truro  the  women  and  girls  may  sit  at  their 
dnnrs  mill  see  where  tiicir  husbands  and  brothers  are  harvesting  their  mackerel 
11-20  M.  oir,  on  the  sea,  with  hundreds  of  white  harvest-wagons." 

"^he  2nil  Mass.  Continental  Regiment  marched  from  this  l;].  end  of  the  Cape, 
1  and  Die  eight  E.  towns  sent  2  000  soldiers  against  the  Ilebellion. 

In  .Nov.,  1020,  Standish  and   10  men,  "with  musket,   sword,  and  corslet," 

limle  I  at  Long  Point,  Provincetown,  cha.sed  tlu;  unresisting  Indians  into  Truro, 

|i:ih.;e  I  many  graves,  and  carried  off  everything  portable.     They  were  attacked  in 

Iki.nliaiii,  by  Indians,  but  tlie  arrows  fell  harmlessly  from  their  corslets,  while 

|the  imisket-shot  told  on  the  half-clad  red  men. 

Provincetown  ( GrJ^orrf /ToMse ;  Central;  Pilgrim;  Atlantic;  each  $8- 
|10  a  week),  is  a  curious  marine  village,  Avith  4,000  inhabitant.s,  a  large 
fleet,  5  churches,  a  paper,  public  library,  soldiers'  monument,  and  2  banks. 
Ihc  street  is  3  M.  long,  running  aro\md  the  harbor.  Fine  water-views  are 
^njoyed  from  Town  Hill.     Daily  steamer  to  Boston,  oO  M.  (See  page  36  6.) 

The  Harbor  is  a  noble  one,  broad  and  clear,  and  h  the  favorite  refuge 

the  fishing  fleets.  The  energies  of  the  tOAvnsmsn  are  devoted  to  the 
Iskries  —  of  mackerel,  cod,  and  sperm-whales,  in  wi.ose  pursuit  they 
parcli  the  wildest  and  most  distant  banks  and  bays  of  tlie  N.  Atlantic. 

ke  village  lies  along  the  beach  between  the  sea  and  the  desert,  —  an  in- 
labited  beach,  where  fishermen  cure  and  store  their  fish,  without  any 
lack  country,  save  ocean-breasting  knolls  of  wliite  sand. 

ItIiIs  is  the  last  town  in  that  strange  region  where  the  people  "  are  said  to  be 
lore  purely  tlie  descendants  of  the  Puritans  than  the  Inhabitants  of  any  other 
Irt  of  the  State."  From  these  shores  come  the  most  daring  and  skilful  of 
prieau  seamen.  "  Wherever  over  the  world  you  see  the  stars  and  stripes  float- 
I'.vou  may  have  good  hope  that  beneath  them  so.no  one  will  be  foun.l  who  can 
fl  vou  the 'soundings  of  Banistat)le,  or  Wellfleet,  or  Chatham  Harbor."    "  Cape 


■'  I 


'   i 
i 


':    t 


\f 


^A^ 


i 


V 


i- 


58       noule  7.      BOSTON  TO  MARTHA'S  VINP:YAUI) 


!  V 


ii;!: 


iiiii 
illii' 
M 


Cod  iH  the  hare  and  ht'iidcd  nnn  of  Massnclmsctts  ;  tlic  Hhoiildcr  in  at  lliizznnls 
IJuy  ;  Uh-  i'IIkiw,  or  t'razy-ltoiu',  at  Cape  Miilelxirre  ;  tin:  wrist  lit  Tniro,  aiid  tlip 
Bnndy  (ist  nt  I'roviiicetowii,  Ix-hiiid  which  tlio  JSfate  Htninls  on  her  k""ii|,  wiih 
lior  l)iirk  to  tiic  (ireu.i  MtH.,  iiiul  lior  {vm:  i>lantcd  on  the  floor  of  the  (Acan,  like 
an  athlete,  — jtrotiM'tinf,^  lur  Hay,  hoxing  with  N.  K.  stornis,  antl,  ever  aiic|  im,,!, 
lieavin;^  up  lier  Athinti<i  adversary  from  the  laj)  of  eartli,  ready  to  thrust  idr' 
v/ind  her  otlier  list,  whieli  i<eepH  f;uard  the  while  upon  lier  breast  ut  t'ape  Aim." 

Th(!  era  of  const itutioiial  novermiieut  (hiwiied  ujion  tlic  worhl,  when,  (Hi  Nov. 
11,  Ki'JO,  tlie  storin-toHsed  MayfUiwer  anchored  in  I'roviiicetown  Ilarhor,  Ihiv, 
"on  tlie  bleak  shores  of  a  barren  wilderness,  in  the  midst  oi  (htsolatioii,  wiili 
the  blast  of  winter  howling  around  them,  and  surrounded  with  diiiij(  is  in 
tlieir  most  awful  and  api)alling  forms,  the  l'ilj,'riniH  of  Ijeyden  laid  the  fotimlitidiiH 
of  American  liberty."  While  the  Mayflower  lay  in  this  harbor,  that  ccli  luati  1 
compact  was  <lra\vn  up  and  signed,  which  lonj?  fjoverned  Plymouth  ami  iur  i|i 
jicndencics,  and  of  which  J.  Q.  Adams  says  :  "This  is,  jierhaps,  the  only  iiistaiiv 
m  human  history  oi'  that  positiv'3  o'iginal  social  compact  which  spiMnlative 
l)hilosoi)liers  have  imagined  as  the  orly  legitimate  sonree  of  government."  Tiiis 
solemn  eonij)act  (given  beh)w)was  signed  liy  41  men  (of  whom  21  died  in  the  mxt 
four  months),  17  of  whom  had  their  wives  with  them,  the  remaining  43  [nma 
being  young  i)eople  and  children. 

"  In  the  name  of  Ood,  Ameti.    We,  whoso  names  arc  underwritten,  the  Inyal 
subjects  of  our  dread  sovereign  lord,  King  .lames,  by  the  grace  of  God,  of  (iii;it 
Britain,  France,  and  Ireland,  King,  <lefender  of  the  faith,  &c.,  having  umliitikdi, 
for  the  glory  o    God,  and  advancement  of  the  Christian  faith,  and  lionor  of  mir 
king  and  country,  a  voj'agc  to  i)lant  the  first  colony  in  the  northern  parts  oi  Vir- 
ginia, do,  by  these  presents,  solemnly  and   mutually,  in  tlie  jtresence  of  (ioilanl 
of  one  another,  covenant  and  combine  our.selvc.j  together  into  a  civil  body  imliiic, 
for  our  better  ordering  and  preservation,  and  furtherance  of  the  ends  alurcsail; 
and  by  virtue  hereof  to  enact,  constitute,  and  frame  such  just  and  equal  laws, 
ordinances,  acts,  constitutions,  and  offices,  from  time  to  time,  as  shall  be  tlinuniit  I 
most  meet  and  exi)edient  for  the  general  good  of  the  colony ;  unto  which  wt  | 
promise  all  due  submission  and  obedience.     In  witness  whereof  we  have  hcreiin- 
der  inscribed  our  names,  at  Cape  Cod,  the  11th  of  November,  in  the  year  of  the  I 
reign  of  our  soverign  lord,  King  James,  of  England,  France,  and  Ireland,  tin  I 
18th,  and  (^  Scotland  the  54th,  Anno  Domini,  1G20." 

7.  Boston  to  Martha's  Vineyard  and  Nantacket. 

Via  Old  Colony  R.  R.  and  Steamers.    To  Martha's  Vineyard,  78  M.,  3 J  hrs. 
New  York  to  Martha's  Vineyard.     To  Fall  River  by  steand)oat,  and  tii(ii(;e*«J 
Wood's  Holl  by  rail,  whence  the  steamer  runs  to  the  Vineyard  ('225  M.  in  all). 

To  Buzzard's  Bay,  see  Route  6.    Crossing  Monument  River,  the 
runs  on  to  Monumtnl  Beach  (Stearns  House);  Pocasset,  near  the 
viewing  Focasset  Heights  (Pocasset-II tights  House ;  Bay  View),  wlieii 
dwell  many  summer-cottagers  from  Boston  (steam-yacht  to  Onset  Bava 
N.  Falmouth,  near  Cataumut  Harbor,  and  the  game-hai;nted  Coonemossj 
Pond;    W.  Falmouth;   and  Falmouth  (Hotel  Falmouth),  the  chief  Ti| 
lage  in  a  town  of  2,400  inhabitants,  with  9  churches,  academy,  bank,! 
ponds,  and  140  farms.     Falmouth  was  incorporated  in  168(i,  on  the  Iiidi^ 
domain  of  Succanesset;   and  in   1814  was  bombarded   by  the  Brili 
frigate  Nimrod.    3  M.  E.  is  the  Mtnauhant  House.    Falmouth  Heigll 
(*  Tower's  Hotel)  is  a  summer-resort,  1  M.  S.  E.  of  Falmouth,  froiitij 
on  Vineyard  Sound,  with  high  bluffs,  and  including  1  M.  ot  beach,  2  sn 
lakes,  several  groves,  and  numerous  sumraer-cottages.     On  the  E., 
yond  Waquoit  village,  is  the  Indian  reservation  of  Mashpee.     Woo 
Holl  is  near  Nobska  Hill  and  the  Elizabeth  Islands  (page  92).    It 


Mfe  harbor,  where 
t'le  .Sound  {Q  AJari 
visited  iu  summer. 


•Hcn-riew  rroi,,,„,  „ 
«■'■'■',.    (lotHs  on        ! 

i.cMHi,r«„<sattl, 

r«i  i.sirt (.vo  ^fu-r; 


'Sr-rink. 
C 


iniiu'. 


h 
niv 


i"i'  fii.s  s  iiv  nt  (•■(.   1    ' 

Si,  9"''S  I 
^'"'e-'/Wja  s';tF^"?;'^ 

'o»'(nM    >     *;^'«»fthem 

"'"'"•,.",  ,;!f«'""p' attack 

Ui".im.,s    f^tt"     '°^^'''y' 
-     ■  "'ehe  men  woi 

Jiing ; 


verts  ivnmin'pTi'l  "''"^"^  «" 


Jfiere 

("lOIll 


"inn  (,/f     (7  ",.."'".""'»  pa 
f'Wians   "av      "i'''«'ted  t 

h"'*  ""a.  niV,.',"''';'''  'destroy, 

^■"^^  ^^esleyan  Grove  o 
7'^"disIaido,ttiL, 

,,:;.;^|'^^^^nacle  tent  160 
01 'the  ground,  ar 


^2). 


MARTHAS  VINEYARD. 


Route  7.     OU 


lafe  harbor,  where  the  railroad  connects  with  the  steamboat,  which  crosses 
the  .Soiiiul  to  Martha's  Vineyard  iu  7  M.  The  Wtbtter  IJoiue  is  much 
visited  iu  summer. 

Martha's  Vineyard. 

•Pen-View  Ilnnso,  gns-llRhtcd,  otfani-heiiteil,  with  elevator,  Mlllnrd-room ,   &c., 
2(Vi  Kiiccts.    ♦lli}?liltiiitl  lIouM',  iii()  «lu■^tl«,  #12-1")  a  week.     Ill  Cotfjiiro  City  nnt 
K>vrriil  lidtt'lx  on  tlii^   Knr(>|ie!in  plan  :    Wesley  Uuuhu,  i'uwucv,  Cuutrul,  IbIuuU, 
Si.'urfU''*,  Orover,  Oiikwood,  Cottugo-CUy,  etc. 
lieHtaiirantsat  tlio  I'uviiioii,  Wesley,  and  Pawnee  Houses,  &e. 
ricasurtj- Boats*  at  tlie  Hen- View  llouao. 

ScifliatltN  lit  tlie  liathing-liouses,  on  Cirruit  Avenue  bcyoud  Ocean  Park  (80c.). 
WiiiMiiw's  .vkatiiig-riiik.     Episcopal  Cluircli,  on  Lake  Ave. 

Ill  .M:iy,  Ui()2,  Capt.  Gosiiold  coasted  tlio  island  on  tiic  H.,  nn<l  landed  on  a  bar- 
ren islet  (Xo  Man's  F.and)  to  tlm  S.  W.  wliicli  lie  nniiicd  Martha's  Vineyard,  llo 
tlicii  1  imled  on  this  island  (then  called  Nope),  and  fmind,  in  H.  K.  Chilnmrk,  deer 
and  nil  kind  of  t;aiiie,  spriiijrs  and  a  lake  of  jnire  fresh  water,  fonr  kinds  of  bcr- 
rif.s  ill  proiiision,  ami  trees  loatlcil  witii  fruitful  vines.  Probably  then,  or  (liir« 
in;;  liis  slay  at  Cuttyhunk  (over  three  weeks)  the  name  was  transferred  from  No 
Miiu's  band  to  its  jiresent  pos.^jssor.  The  name  is  thou^'ht  to  have  been  given  in 
liiiniir  (if  some  frienfl  of  the  (Jaiitain's,  or  el.sc  for  the  lady  of  some  one  of  his 
iwbo'.is.  (A  newsjiajier  correspondent  states  that  the  oldest  inlmbitai'.t,  who 
nHiK'd  these  isles,  yavo  them  to  his  dau,^hl(;rs  ere  he  died.  Rlu,  a  took  llhodo 
laliml,  i;ii/abeth  took  the  i.,land  since  named  for  her,  Maillia  took  and  named 
Miillin's  Vineyard,  and  as  for  the  remainini,'  island,  Nan-took-it,  The  legend  is 
inti'icitin^;,  but  cannot  be  traced  back  farther  than  the  year  1870.)  From  this 
island  and  the  neiyhborinsi  main,  Gosnold  and  Pring  (IGOu)  ^ot  largo  cargoes  of 
sassafras,  then  esteemed  a  sovereign  specilic  in  Europe.  In  1014,  Capt.  Hunt 
stnle  L'7  Indians  at  Eastliam,  on  Capo  Cod,  and  sold  them  as  slaves  at  Malaga,  for 
81(0  lach.  One  of  them,  Epenow,  was  carried  to  Enf;land,  where  the  sly  fel- 
low tiiM  of  vast  gold-mines  on  this  island.  A  ship  was  sent  over,  at  great  ex- 
pcnsi',  with  Epenow  to  show  the  iilace,  but  as  soon  as  ho  saw  the  shore,  he  leaped 
over,  swam  to  laud,  and  was  not  seen  again  until  Capt.  Uermer  landed  liere  in 
liil'i.  In  a  dashing  attack  conducted  by  Epenow,  the  Captain  and  many  of  his 
men  were  Icilled  and  wounded.  In  l(j47,  Thomas  Mayhow,  Governor  of  the  Islands 
liy;,'niiit  irom  the  Earl  of  Stirling,  settled  at  Edgartown.  The  lordship  of  the 
isli's  leiiiained  in  the  Mayhew  family  from  1041  to  1710,  during  which  time  the 
kindness  of  these  men  won  the  hearts  of  the  natives.  The  Mayhews  were  all 
I  niissionnrics,  and,  learning  tlie  Indian  language,  preaelicd  with  such  success  that 
I'liiistiun  villages  arose  all  over  the  island.  During  King  Philip's  War,  the  con- 
verts ipiiiained  true,  and  guarded  the  shores.  About  1000,  some  Quakers  landed 
Iherc  calling  the  Puritan  pastors  "jmcsts  of  Baal,"  but  the  Indians  soon  drove 
Itliom  nlf.  Gookin  visited  the  island  in  1074,  and  found  six  towns  of  Christian 
llndiaiis,  "a  very  fruitful  Vineyard  unto  the  Lord  of  Hosts."  For  a  century  the 
nilinns  slowly  dwindled,  and  the  coasting  vessels  began  to  frequent  Holmes'  Hole 
liiivcaiiy  increasing  numbers.  In  1778,  Lord  Gray  (who  defeated  Wayne  at  Paoli) 
Iwilli  a  British  force,  destroyed  a  large  numVier  of  vessels  in  the  Hole.  In  18:i5,  !» 
Iti'iiis  were  pitched  at  the  present  Camp-GI rounds,  and  the  first  camp-meeting  on 
Itlie  island  was  held. 

Tlie  Wesleyan  Grove,  or  Camp-Meeting  Ground,  is  near  the  Sea  View 
louse  and  is  laid  out  in  gracefully  curved  streets,  grass-paved  and  crowded 
»'ith  small  but  vigorous  trees.  Near  Trinity  Park,  a  wide  lawn,  is  the 
Teat  tabernacle  tent  160  by  120  ft.  which  can  shelter  5,000  persons. 
Ills  is  the  centre  of  intense  excitement  during  the  meetings  in  late 
^ugiist,  when  from  20,000  to  25,000  people  are  gathered  here,  and  emi- 
ent  Methodist  preachers  address  them.  Lake  Anthony  borders  the  N. 
[nd  W.  of  -  the  ground,  and  beyond  it,  on  the  high  bluffs  toward  East 


■( 


f  t 


m^ 


'!' 


l:^    il 


GO       Route  7. 


MARTHA'S   VINKYARD. 


I 


8t 

I! 


u 


,1 1^ ; 

•li 


Chop  Light,  the  "  Higlilmnlj* "  hnvo  been  luid  (uit.    Cottage  City  was  laid 

out  in  18(18,  on  bluffs  ;J0  ft.  bi^^h  fronting;  on  Vineyard  Sound,  nnd  lunv 

contains  niony  bun(h-uds  of  liaiidsome  .suiiinicr-cnttoffep,  HurniiUKU'd  l>v  oiik- 

groves  and  connected  by  avenues.     A  narrow-gaugo  railmod  and  the  >'ia. 

Vitir  Boulevard  follow  the  sliore  S.  K.  to  Kdgartown  (0  M.)  and  Kat.unn. 

Edgartown  (Seftsih)  was  foundcid  In  1047  by  (Jov.  Ma\  luw, 

and  is  the  eajdtal  of  Dukes  County.  The  harbor  is  sheltered  by  Chap. 
paquiddick  Island  (.'>  M.  long  and  2  M.  wide).  The  town  has  ],:w\  in- 
habitants,  a  fleet,  i)ank,  paper,  library,  and  -i  churches.  It  has  become 
de«*adcnt  since  the  decline  of  the  whalo-fishery. 

Katama  is  4  M.  S.  of  Kdgartown,  and  is  a  summer-resort  on  the  lake- 
like  Katama  Hay  (5  M.  long),  with  numerous  cottages  and  the  liainlxmi.' 
hotel  called  *  Mattakeset  Ln<Uje.  Katama  has  good  facilities  for  boatiii;;, 
bathing,  and  driving;  also  for  fishing  nnd  bird-shooting. 

By  walking  to  the  East  Chop  Light,  a  view  is  gained  of  Holmes'  II„I,., 

or  Vineyard  Haven  {Mamlon  House),  one  of  the  most  famous  harlmisoii 

the  coast,  where,  in  seasons  of  storm,  hundreds  of  vessels  take  sIk  Iter 

under  the  lofty  bluffs.     Through  Vineyard  Sound  passes  the  vast  ami 

unceasing  procession  of  commerce  from  New  York  and  Souihorii  Xhv 

England  to  Boston  and  the  East.     The  island  is  21  M.  long,  and  has  4,.'ii)) 

inhabitants. 

20-25  M.  S.  W.  of  Oiik  DlulTs  is  Gayhead,  nenr  which  is  the  Devil's  Den, a  I 
wild  spot  where  the  old  Indiim  tradilions  say  tlmt  the  giant  Mosluiii  lived,  wlm  | 
caught  whales  and  roasted  tlieni  on  trees  vvlii(!li  lie  tore  up  by  tlic  roots.    IIh 
nietainorphosed  his  cliildrcn  into  (isii,  and,  on  las  wife's  lanientini,',  he  thivwherl 
to  Seconnct,  where  slio  dwelt  and   levied  contributions  on  all  who  jiasKcil  thej 
rocka,  until  she  hersell"  bccauie  a  rock.     Then  Moshup  disaiipeared  from  liiiiiini 
sight  and  knowled,','e.     Gay  Ileatl  is  "  the  most  rcniari<able  natural  euriiisityi:i 
New  England."    Tlie  aea-view  from  the  lighthouse  is  grand.      "Never  simVll 
stood  on  Table  Rock  have  I  seen  a  sight  so  grand  as  this."  —General  'IWid- 
About  this  jn-oniontory  several  score  of  half-breed  Indians  live  a  strange  tuiscttlriij 
life.     The  renuiriiable  clin's  l)y  the  shore  have  been  closely  studied  by  Trof.  Ilitili-r 
cock  and  Sir  Charles  Lyell,  the  latter  descril)ing  them  as  "the  lofty  cliirs  of  CayJ 
head,  more  than  200  ft.  high,  where  the  higlily  inclined  tertiary  strata  aregji}!™ 
colored,  bonio  consisting  of  light  red  (days,  others  of  white,  yellow,  and  gicnl 
and  some  of  black  lignite."    Here  the  steamship  Citi/  of  Columbus  was  wrecked,  io| 
lb84,  and  100  lives  were  lost. 


i::^''U:>t  M,;; 


,„    ,!.'"*  Wei 


«'iijis 


.•.'•■o  sun) 
till 

^"e  town  (.too 


on  the 


m  3,700. 


roofs  (whi 


•(iies.n,./':: '.''■'*  «""ie 


varu,  anu  coiineeieu  wiiii  ii  oy  a  """■'■  iniLJi.  i-i    ^   ^''  ^HgOt 
After  leaving  the  Vineyard  astern,  the  islands  of  Muskeget  aiiM  ,|,,  ^'^^Y  and  a 


Nantucket 

is  28-30  M.  from  Martha's  Vineyard,  and  connected  with  it  by  a  dail; 

steamer. 

Tuckernuck  are  seen  in  the  S.,  and  tiie  low  shores  of  Nantucket.    Tl 

town  of  Nantucket  has  a  tine  appearance  from  the  sea. 

The  hotels  are  the  Ocean  IIou«e,  Springfield,  Shelburne,  Bay  View,  Venul 
Ainericnn,  &c.,  and  many  quiet  boarding-hou.sc'.  Narrow-gauge  railroad  to  Sur] 
side  (*  Surfside  Hotel),  a  new  cotfige-colony  on  the  S.  shore  ;  and  to  SiascDtise 
*The  Nantucket  is  a  large  new  hotel  on  Brant  Point,  at  the  mouth  of  the  hiiibor| 

The  Indian  tradition  is  that  the  Great  Sjiirit  was  once  snu.king,  when  he  ]»^ 
filled  his  j)ipe  with  snnd.     When  the  niixod  ivniains  were  emptied  (Tom  the  i 
into  the  sea,  they  fonned  the   Island  of  Na^iturket,.     Its  nanjc  is  saiil  to  l» 


MMva.sthe/j'"""*''^'' 
f'  ''°^vn  and    .  "^  '^^°° 


erd 


ads  of 
?  the  harb, 

oojj  /;e 

'  "^'"ig  an  i..<-  ^'' 

f    -'[^  by  veteran  sJcin 


AND  NANTUC'KhT. 


Jiouter.       g| 


till' /si  111,1.4  i.iL        '^'"  ""II  I'lisc  "    fi.  1,,'. . '' ' '•f''''iM'(  t()  r>i.H  iV    V'''*' "''s- 
/'"mtcdrifv'f,  '"'''•  ^'•'^|'<''J  liis  t)..nnin  I  '  ""-^  f^t-'lJig  tlion 

If'";-  "i'H  .•.•tai;;;:i  ,^7ji^i^  <'"y"''rr,  m  wj^'ei,.,,  .;■,'?;'  ''••'  t..w;rvS  ^  ,^/ 

[''•fro,„  t,,e  OcoTn  Ho.r'"'"' ""''  "'  »■*«..  tn,bL„ra    "?""  "'"=*' 
lillin  1682     Tn  T  °'  ""  <-'<""ra  St    i,  „  IT,       '""' '"'  '«"■• 

^™s  »n  i„f„™,.,,  pro,U  '-.ray '"r ""'-'"""»»  ot° 
["'  I'ah  or  other  spoils  of  i^H  ^•^^'^^'-sands,  where  the  ,],n, 

hases  oa  a  high  fc  '  ?,.    ,  "' "  ""'"Posed  of  a  cluf.er'!'         " 
I  61  Dank  frontiug  „,^  Surf  h„         ">"""' 

I  "Wl-bathing  here  ia 


'P' 


I        > 


11 


i-  1 


I 

.r  I 


i: 


62       Route  8. 


HYDE  PAKK. 


«,  the  shore  descends  rapidly.  IM, 
safe  onlv  >.hen  the  bathers  ^^^^/^Pj;;;;,  ,evful  Fresnel  light  i.  elevated 
N  of  Si;.^onset  is  Sankoty  Head  >vhe^e  a  p  ^^^^^  , 

onl  fa'  viewing  bluff  90  ft.  ^^?l'\2v.uA  abounding  in  fish  (smal  mn 
ul  SesaoachaPond,  ^^  P"-' ^'^^aTbu Ut  on  this  pond  and  reman.e   for 
on  the  shore).    In  1676  a  vUlage  was  bm       _  ^  ^^^^_     ^^^^^  ^^  ,,,  ,,^ 
140  years;  but  its  .ast  house  ^      '^'^^  ,f  ,,i.h,  breezy,  sea-v>o.  g 

over  which  rambles  may  -     •     ^  ;«»^  ,,^  ^hich  "  the  travellor 

Jains,  where  butfew  fe,     .  <  '  ^^  J-  ^  ^^^p,,,  ,,  eome  from  England, 
Uu  call  downs,  pra.nep  ;     '^  ' 

the  West,  or  Buenos         ^s- 

8.  Boston  to  ^--^r^i^rJettun. 

.,..t.»».  -  Boston  to  Roxbur,  2  M  .  J;  »«      E.  I'ox^^^^^^ 

i\2  •  Fairhaven,  t^4%  .   «ew  x  Milfonl.  J^^/  •  ^^ ,  ,^  ^g^    Westpoit,  « 

^^SSn^^S^'i^'  NOW  VorU,  ..:•  ^^^__  ,„„  ,„,  J 

r,.  t«n  leaves  tl,e  ^^^'endK Uev„,t"  \^^^^^^^    ,^^„  ^  ^  „,  ,,  J 

.  .    „o,ar  the  Comnimi),  ami  traverses  ti.  ^j    ;,,„.;,  station  .1  'M 

I'Ulard  House,  .>sed  al^°  f    ™™\„  u,si„oss  in  ""f  »■.  J'l 
™av,v  of  xvliose  cilimrs  aie  en  a  «  ^  ^n^.ts,  6  clmrclKS  "IJ 

r  incorporated  in  ^^'^^^'"^ l:^^.  is  H  M.S.,  and -s  »j 
.library,  ''"'■' '>"""\""-7sHte  troops  during  tl,e  war  to  1 

^llL  Hills  are  full  of  -f-;' ^'-"^.^j-ae  Parle,  down  tj.'  j 
The  hamW  of  .«W»  »  ^  \  ^„,„  the  hills.     M  BeadvtUe  tl« 


CANTON. 


Jioute  8.  62  a. 


ent  route  meets  its  Dedham  P.      u 

Dedham  {Nwfolh  uJuMf\  \\.  England 

Co-mty,  is  reached  by  two  h! '^T*  ^"'^  antiquated  capital  of  IV    .  „ 
,  diverging  at  Forest  HiJis  L  '"''•''" ^^"''^  ^'-"^  the"^  ^  ;',fr'°"^ 
other  leaving  at  Readvill.        ,      """^"^  ''^  ^^'  "trough  W   1  ,     ''  °"" 

p'-;--u  ior:Lr  ;::;::^7-  f  ^  ^^^  ^"::::i'h^ 

Iti,«  .f     .  ^'    '^^"^Isome  Memorial  Wo  11        ,   ^'^'  « so^^liers' monu- 

T  e    treets  are  pleasant  and  well^dlf     '  T^  "  ^'''•^'"^'^  court-I^ouse 
Jliave  honie^' here.    The  eirr.  fr.         ^'^'^^^J,  and  many  Bosto,,  m 

pivercurvesinclose  to  f},.    -V  "^*^^^  ^^tJ^  arbor- vitai     Ti.     ":  ^""Sr 

^.  .-3  a  „a„a,„™:  ottf  ;;  xro^.^-  *  ''-''^'  '^^ 

f>e  ancient  cemetery      Tf   1.     ^^"'^^  °^  stone,  on  CJuirch  «!f     ,    ,    ^ 

I  tlie  Eastern  Diocesfl      t^i,    /^  "^  ^'^  ^^exander  Gw«vu«i  j   t,- , 

]  J'*„l  views  of  u,e  wjhT  f  "I?  "'"«'"  ™«  finely  „vtt|,e  r 
lonse  srroundq ,-«  +1,  y^age.     L,  the  corner  nf  +1  ^'^'^^s 

Hi";;  ,^;L'"^•'"'"^i°~"^''■ 
r   '  **  "aiidsonie  station  and  *i.„    •        ''*^'^*    «  lias  a  larirp  c^tK  i- 
I*  of  the  N.  V.  &  N  p '  Tb        P"='"resque  Oakdale  oTf  ,  ''" 

^  n,„  from  ttti',;,tVT'""  ""'">'•■»•  "■•  ^ 


i  1. 


;S      :.. 


If    ,""'  oecessiou  War     ¥i„i     "  ^""  soli  ers  to  th«  d      V  "avana  (1740) 
f «"-  ''-a.lviiie  the  ,„ai„  ,"■  '™f"  °'' " '"^-^St,re;." 

'»".  '■»»cy„„o„.„,,  „ot;f    ['f  """f'  >"'"  ...anufactSof 

I'*  ™«-  xt  ha;  5 Z'Z:\:^''  :'""'"=^'-'  -<'  OP- 
I'ff 7  ,  Apostle  Eliot.  To  H,n  v.  Christian  Indians 
H-  'igh,  overlooking  Bo  ton  1.;'  ''  *^'^  Picturesque  ^J" 

I  "''  ^''^  co^-ers  200  acres.     Not 


i  I! 


1! 


„    „g         BOSTON  TO  NEW  VOUK. 
fi9  7)      Route  a.        ^^"^ 
^^  ^'  ^     jjear  the  station 

.       1    V.  lives  Thomas  B.  AldricU,  the  poe  •  ^.^  ^^ 

Wgh.nearv„nchal>rau.  .  Aharon,  wMchha«l,50«i. 

BailroaA.  hlgMaml  to%™  of  0""°"    ,      jjd  much  fee- 

tre(Cocasse«  Ho«s«)-     oruainental  cemetery    ^fj'^    the  public  ll 

At  jmanBu       X     ,,       -^ghaiu  (2li  a^;-    .  ,     *  the  people  i 

ford  (31  M.)  ami  S.  ^ '^"^  ^  .     ^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^.^,,,    Mo^t  ^  »      J   ^,^,. 

engaged  m  lan      ^'        ,j      j^jver.  .,,  _  „wh  contJ 


Providence  (♦Narrng 

elegant  new  house,  $2. 


^    ,  Central 

second  city,  in  wealth 

capital  of  Rhode  Island.' 
of.VarragansettBaj', 
by  promenades. 
£•  of  tlic  river 


a  cc 
TJie  vie' 
p.  otthc  river,  is  very  p 
Ijoyed  by  Providence,  but 

|turnecl  to  manufactures,  ai 
^l  ^''«  kept  going 
silver-ware.  Perry 

K''-e.    36  banks  take 

t  soon  warned  a  way  fen 

y-f  visifed  it'  n*  78s"^"' 

P  «•  R.  station,  fronting 
^"^'  near  which  is  a  co 
'  dead  soldiers.     T 


bv  the  W"""'  '"  !.  iivinc    At  present,  1  "f^'T^.    „„ 

S,p  came,  not  ""^-^Z^^^^  ""^  ««**'?c  'C  6   '"»■' 
"«'  ""'trhe«    TUe\>unneU  Man-fact-^Co.  .-as^^^^ 


ssetQf     '  —  "^ainthoro 
'^'^^  St- runs  the  Arcade 
the  European  -galJe, 

o  a  glass-roofed  pron 
"    -|oftheCustoLl, 
'  "re  St.  JosBi,),  anrt  ci, 
'»"«!.  the  R^er  Wilfi 


PHOVIDEXCE. 


^ouie  8.        63 


Providence  CJ.arrng.nsettH  '        * 

elegant  new  house,  $2  50   !t      .®' *'"'""«'•  ^road  and  rv. 

«,  *J.50-4  a  day;  *Hofpi  n  ^''^ance  Sts.  an 

tv  p™„.„ades     Ti,.    "         "'"=''  'ira  Ar  in  tl„"  •?  ""  ""^  'wd 

\m  by  ProvMe„JZ,f  ."""«•     "«  »,,«  t„jT;°    '"""  "'"  '>««l.ts 

.™e,l,„„,„„fX;'  LT""  "^'«»  the  e„e^  ,7,°""  '"''^'"^  ""■ 

li>e">h  are  k,„    !!•         "°"  '"■«»  Jowelrv  S™     ,        """""^  '«'"' 

V'  l»re.    36 df f?  ^^''-''^  P^'^-Kille     a nd  t  ,r""""'''  ""'»•  "« 


ti 


Ml 


lich 
dnds,  b«J 

L009,  »*.  R.  R.  station,  fr;„«:7°'T'  """ '»  '^!^Cd.  '■"  «"""»=re"S 

,d  8  di«r«ling,  near  whioli  i.  °"  ^^^Mge  PWa    i.      , 

,)  »,K.  ..f  Of  her  dead  «Mi  ;     T\  *  '"°°™»t    eJte^  'h?:;,  "f''-"- 

•ilariml'#"'f-ft.  bronze  stat„„  '  ^■'  »"d  of  R   r     „  "^esterly 

U-.K  ■■«  Navy ,  above  Itc,  [^P'^enting  the  Infantry  Cat?""?'"^  '"» 

"Of  the  r  '^''°*'*«'  ^  fine  grani  !        m     '"'"  ""«  ^^reet  to 

alon.  a!:r    ''''"  ''^^"«"«V' col^HilL        '"^  ('>"iltl828),  on 


Ion-  a  ;,"'"»"'     eaHeries,"  eonf,i„i„„  ^  """"  '828),  „„ 

^  »«  It  Vot,^"  !?  ?°"- .-O  Pest  Offl"'^,.f  *=.  "-'™ 


;«»-^  thiXr  W.Lf7  ''^■"-  Catho'^r^reT'''' 

^  *'"*  (^-Piscopal),  a 


:l-l 


64       R<^S.  BOSTON  TO  NEW  YOBK. 

•fi,  n  A&exAy  recessed  chancel,  an 
„,a38ive  edifice  of  rugged  brovn  «tone,  Jith  a  ^^  PJ  ^^  ^^^^^,,,  ,,  ,, 

gansett  Bay.  . ,  ^^^  j,  •  ^,  ^re  two  long  l)nsiness  streets  and  a 

On  the  E.  side  of  Providence  R^^^r  are  .^  ^^^  ^^^^.  p^^^,. 

lufe  •  ?  Wts  covered  .itU  -jden     •    On  N  ^^^^  ^^^^ 
dlt,  is  the  quaint  old  church  o^  tl^«  *^^         \^^^^  building  used  lor  the 
on  tie  comer  of  S.  Court  S*. -^th«    -a        ^^  ^^^^.^        ,-   ,e  g... 
cn^  fa  Wnuse     Fine  views  of  the     seven  ^^  ^^^^^^.^^  j„n 

^r  StSt.  ahove  the  Btate^Hou.     0^^^^^^^  « 
Benefit  Sts.  is  the  *Atheii«um,  *  ^^^  ^..^ts  are  preserved  here,  and 
toSgalibraryof42,000volumes    J  ^^^^^      ^  gtuarfs  Waslungton, 
sodne  paintings,  among  which  ^^;;j°P^i,arles  IL,  long  tbougWto 

Y,e  bv  Van  Dyk,  ^ow  held  to  be  ''y       f;         ^  j,  young  lady,  (Ins  mecel 
G  Percival,  and  Phillips  Brooks ;     portray*       J  ^^^^^     ^^^^  ,,,  ^^^ 
w  bv  -Sir  /os^tKa  /Jeynoirfs,  one  of  hi«  n  .^^^^^ 

water-colors  on  a  sheet  of  i^^^y  "        ^     i^ture  represents  Emioniij 
water  coiui  subscribers,     ine  pi^  *-  p     •  ^^^^^t  of  tJ 

AtheniBuminl853,  by  iw  ^  Future.    The  fresiatu     j 

Pice  and  Irene,  the  Past,  P'^^^^'^*'  ^i  have  seen  a  picture,  pamted 

C^Academy  said  of  it  to  f ^^one,  ^^^-^  -  -^  'l  ^TiS 
a  young  man  by  the  name  of  ^^^^^^^^^^^^m  is  the  line  of  buiU«J 
excel"  On  the  heights  !^«^^ '^f^^^ersity  Halls.  &c.),  pertaH 
mi  College,  Hope,  Manning,  aad  ^^^^^^J  ^^  .^out  60,000  volunj 

a  museum  of  Nat^n'alHistory  ^^.^^  ^^^  ^^  ^^^,.  J 

rntersity,  are  the  extensi™;— ■  X^,,  ^,,  „n,ate  bmUW 


,rf' 


PROVIDENCE. 


Jtmite  8      65 


(which  is  the  boundary  of  Massachusetts).  N.  of  the  Butler  Hospital  is 
Swan  lv»int  Cemetery,  a  beautiful  rural  necropolis  on  undulating  ground 
near  the  river.  The  Home  for  Aged  Women  is  in  the  S.  E.  part  of  the 
citv.  Near  the  E.  end  of  Tower  St.,  on  t.ie  banks  of  the  river,  is  the 
Whiit-Cheer  Rock,  on  which  Roger  Williams  first  landed, 

Tlie  Butler  Exchange^  near  the  station,  is  an  imposing  6-story  commer- 
cial building.  The  Court  House  (corner  Benefit  and  College  Sts.)  was 
finished  in  1877,  in  Gothic  architecture.  In  a  similar  style  is  the  High 
School,  on  Summer  St.  (built  in  1878).  The  granite  City  Hall  fronts  on 
Exdiange  Place,  near  the  station,  and  cost  over  $  1,000,000.  The  Library 
of  Brown  University  is  in  a  handsome  Venetian-Gothic  building;  Sayles 
Memorial  Hall  (built  in  1880)  is  Romanesque,  of  granite;  and  Slater  Hall 
(built  in  1879)  is  a  modem  dormitory.  The  armory  of  the  First  Light 
Infantry  is  a  very  large  building  on  South  Main  St. ;  and  the  fortress-like 
armory  of  the  Marine  Corps  of  Artillery  is  on  Benefit  St.  The  Cathedral 
of  SS.  Peter  and  Paul,  on  High  St.,  is  a  noble  Gothic  struc  ure,  of  rough- 
faced  red  Longmeadow  stone,  with  white-marble  clustered  columns,  up- 
I  holding  an  oaken  roof.     The  Friends'  meeting-house  is  on  N.  Main  St. 

Roger  Williams   lies  buried  in  the  North  Burying-Ground;  and  in  the 

[Park  is  a  noble  bronze  statue  of  him,  on  a  granite  pedestal  27  ft.  high, 

Iwith  a  bronze  figure  of  History  writing  his  name  on  the  base.     On  Stamp- 

lers  Hill  is  the  site  of  the  King's  Garrison  fort,  erected  in  1656,  which  did 

Inot  save  the  town  from  destruction  by  the  Indians  twenty  years  later. 

lie  Whipple  house,  on  Abbott  St.,  dates  from  before  1670;  the  Old  City 

Building,  in  Market  Sq.,  from  1773;  the  Old  State  House,  from  1762  (it 

kontains  a  portrait  of  Washington,  by  Gilbert  Stuart).    The  Public  library, 

In  Snow  St.,  has  40,000  volumes.    The  city  gasometer  is  crowni,d  by  the 

prgest  dome  in  America  (140  ft.  in  diameter). 

I  Eoger-Williams  Park  was  given  to  the  city  by  Betsy  Williams,  great- 
«at-granddaughter  of  Roger  Williams,  in  1871;  and  includes  100  acres 
;  beautifully  diversified  land,  with  the  venerable  gambrel-roofed  house 
I  the  donor  (built  in  1775),  the  What-Cheer  Cottage  (for  refreshments), 
rstal  Lake,  and  other  attractions. 

■Broad  St.,  a  favorite  drive,  leads  to  the  Park,  and  to  Pawtuxet  (4J  M.), 
ping  the  popular  Parle  Garden  and  theatre.  Near  Cranston  are  the 
p  Prison,  and  the  Pettaconsett  Pumping-Station. 

Iieatres,  etc.  Low's  Grand  Opera  House,  VTestminstor  St.,  Rents  1,800 ;  Music 
l,27G  Wystminater  St.,  seats  2,200 ;  Providence  Opera  Ilcuse,  Dorrance  St.,  seats 
J)\  Theatre  Comiquo,  83  Weybosset  St.;  Park  Garden;  Sans-Souci  Garden. 
icerts  by  the  Arion  Club  (IGO  voice.s),  Cecilia  Society  (100  voices).  Liederkranz 
foice.-),  and  Mendelssohn  Choral  Union  (200  Toices).  Art-Club  House,  a  noble 
loluDial  building  on  Thomas  St. 

\se-JiuU  Grounds,  Messer  St.  (Olneyville  horae-cars).    Bicycle  Chib,  Custom- 
Mt.    Board  of  Trade,  Market  Sq.     Caledonian  Society,  142  Westminster 
Y^nnis  Club,  Brook  and  Manning  Sts.     Y.  M.  C.  A  ,276  Westminster  St. 
Vse-Cars  to  Olneyville,  S.  Providence,  I'awtuckel  (10  cts.),  Ceutrul  Fulls 


1 

i 

■,utto«,to.wa«e  „.„,.,.„,rtt  Bay. 


Nanagansett  Bay.  ^^^^^^^  ^       , 


dependence;  ^^^^"'"Uous  clam-bake  pav^-^^^^  „,„,,a  for  a 

^^^^"  T  ^  ^cenery.    Ofi-«hore  are  the  1  om  .,^  ^,.^q^  ,„i 

and  diversified  «^f "J^^^,„,  ^hom  the  EngU'^l  ^^^^f^^  ^^.^^  p.^,,. 

brave  Navragan.ctach«  ^,^^^^^  ^^,  ^ho.e  ,  ^_  ^^d  dose  beside 

bearing  a  ^^^^^^f^^^,  and  --^  ^^^^^^^^^  Vavthcv  do.,, 

it  i.  the  g'^Jf  ^^^;;';;,  ^„d  cottages).    Across  the  bay  ^^^  ^^^  ^^ 

\s  Ca^np  White  f}^^^^^"^'  ^j  ,vhich,  on  To  ^  "^'^  ^^^^     J 

quiet  and  lovely  v^Uage.  ^^  *  ^^  ^^^^.^  "'^fon^he  W.  is  Gaspee 

I  Revolutionary  battey.^jg^^^^^,.  ^^^^^e),  and  ^^^^'^     .,^     ,,,uiJ 

Point,  off  which  the  Buu  ^^  ^^^  ^  cap^.e  ,       ^^  ^^^^^  1 

passing  on  tl«  VV  •  *^  p„„t,  a  rocky  an  _^  J 

House  (100  g-^t*)'  „  "  ' -Mence  and  Newport,  ■"»*  ''°J  „,„,  J 

t„,y  n-idway  between  1  ro    *  ^.„  „„    ,ant  arbo    .^^  ^^^^_  I 

dining-hi".  famous  for  "  ^„^,k).    i  jsi  i 

L,ims-."eys,0bsen-«O;^;-,';i,l,  „  „„Wo  v,ater.™«  ,  »^>_^,_    J 
^-„.„,.,  Warwick-Heck  """     ^  „„^a.  ('■ee  paS«  OJ^  J 

^  r  "^-^rr «-">-«  *r Sncrc:  - 

the  bay  is  i'' ««'"''  Hear  Prudence  ^'e  ^^  ^   ^e  Hie  I 


;i!r 


'    .                "i                   ' 

11 

iU    ;       ■' 

■>.    11 

■>  J      ■  '  1 

^B  ^  ■■ 

■  "^  ,  ■      ,1 

lil 

;           1 

ill 

ill  Hh'  1 ; 

■  ''    ■ 

■    11 

li'l 

■  i'"  I 

1 '' 

3.  '    1 

8  '1 

d^ 

1    |S_^ 

PROVIDENCE. 


1.  State  House.  ¥z 

2.  City  Hall.  F3 

3.  Custom  House  EF3 

4.  State  Prison.  E2 

5.  Ri'form  School.  CllFs 

6.  A'.  /.  Hospital.  E6 

7.  Arcade.  Ej 

8.  Athenxmn.  F3 

9.  flro^vn  University.    F3 

10,  Prxter  Asylum.  G2 

11,  Friends^  School.  G2 


12.  ir hat  Cheer  Rock.  H4 

13.  Boston  and  N.  t'. 

Station.  Ej 

14.  Bristol  S'ation.  H5 


o 


o 


\ 


Jamestown,  which  na| 
covuriug  500  acres, 
ycnn  old),  and  mani 
Lij;lit,  the  olde'»t  iu  Al 
British  fort.     On  tho| 
resquo  ruin  nearly  a 
luijaceiit  rounded  niidl 
and  here  are  the  co«tl 
other  I'liihidelpiiia  pati 
iihude  I.slaiul,  and  pa.sj 
(see  page  40). 

Hotels.  — *Ocean-rd 
Piiijzn,  \  M.  long,  electrl 
iK,H-liatlis,  livery  stable,  C(| 
a  week  ;  Spring  House,  hi 
yonrich  Hnune  (fte-lOl 
hianil  House;  J^atray^ 
Uninti,  kc. 

Strainbnats  love  Prl 
Island  at  3  p.  M      The  boutf 
by  the  inoniini;  Old-Colon) 
a(8A.  M.,  Nuw  London  at  ! 
r2.3<i  p.  M     She  returns  at 
lit  0  30.    Another  steamer  1 

DistaiiccH.  —  To  Ucaco 
5;  Dickuus  Point,  5 ;  the  Cll 

niock  Island  (see  page 

Riinsctt  Baj',  midway  bet 

in^',  ozonized  air,  grand 

primitive  tranquillity  ha 

can  summer-resorts.     T 

'' Bermuda  of  the  North. 

oil  the  more  northerly  h 

waters  are  sea-trout,  bli 

Everett  Hale  characterize 

Tourists  visit  the  old 

[stations,  the  lighthouses, 

Ithe  high  iduffs  and  cliff 

|coversaii  area  of  1,000  a 

The  views  from  Baac« 

|Hill,  llohegan   Bluffs,  ] 

wndeur.     The  island  i 

jlnves.    Persons  in  seat 

[limate,  and  not  desirous 

I'eat  is  largely  used  he 

Nil  820,000  a  year. 

[land,  of  native  Block-Is 

piled  farms,  tha  rolling 


BLOCK   ISLAND. 


R')ute  S.      65  5 


Jnmestown,  which  name  it  still  retains.  On  its  N.  part  is  Conanicut  Parit, 
covtriiig  500  acres,  with  avenues,  sea  views,  the  Captain-Kidd  liouse  ('JOO 
ypars  old),  and  many  summer-cottuges.  At  its  S.  end  is  lieaver-Tatl 
M^'lit,  tlie  oldest  in  America  (dating  frum  1UG7),  near  the  ruins  of  an  old 
British  fort.  On  tlie  K.,  near  Newport,  stands  Furt  Dumpling,  a  pictu- 
ri'siiuc  ruin  nearly  a  century  old.  lieautifui  views  arc  afforded  from  the 
adjacent  rounded  and  rocky  hills,  over  the  sea  and  across  to  Newport; 
ami  here  are  the  costly  villas  of  Wm.  T.  Richards,  Chas.  Wharton,  and 
otlier  riiiladelphia  patricians.  The  steamer  runs  between  Conanicut  and 
KhiKle  Island,  and  passes  under  Fort  Adams  into  the  harbor  of  Newport 
(see  page  40). 

Block  Island. 

Hotels.— •Ocean- Hew  Hotel,  600  guests,  S3.50-4  a  day,  $12-85  a  week. 
Piiizzi.4,  \  M.  long,  electric  bells,  SchumaDQ  Orcbestru,  theatre,  spring-water,  hot 
sfii-lmtlis,  livery  Htiible,  connected  cottageH ;  The  Manisses,  200  guests,  $  12-20 
a  week  ;  Spring  House,  largo  and  comfortable,  with  a  valuable  chalybeate  spring; 
yunrich  House  (•*6-l0  u  week);  Highland  House;  United  States;  Block- 
Iflanil  House;  Natnigansett ;  Central;  I'equot ;  Belle  View;  Neptune; 
I'n'inn,  &o. 

Steamboats  loive  Providence  at  9  every  summer  morning,  reaching  Block 
Island  at  3  p.  M  The  bout  touches  at  Newport  at  10.45,  where  it  may  be  caught 
ly  the  iiioriiing  Old-Colony  train  from  Boston.  The  Block  Island  leaves  Norwich 
nc8  A.M.,  New  London  at  0.30,  and  \Vut<-h  Hill  at  11.  and  reaches  Block  Island  at 
I'i.S'i  V.  M  She  returns  at  2.30,  arriving  at  Wiitch  Hill  at  4  P.M.,  aud  New  Loudoa 
III  5  'Til    Another  steamer  leaves  Newport  about  noon,  daily. 

l)i!«tanccs.  — To  Beacon  Hill.  2.^  M.;  i'ilot  Hill,  1^  ;  Saltl^ke.lJ;  Black  Rock, 
5;  Dickeus  Point,  6 ;  the  Cliff.-i,  2J  ;  Old  Harbor  Point,  1 ;  Sachem's  Pond,  4.J. 

Block  Island  (see  page  71)  lies  15  M.  out  at  sea,  off  the  njouth  of  Narra- 
cansett  Bay,  midway  between  Point  Judith  and  Montauk  Point.  Its  brac- 
in;;,  ozonized  air,  grand  ocean-vitiws,  singular  and  attractive  scenery,  and 
primitive  tranquillity  have  sufficed  to  make  here  one  of  the  chief  Ameri- 
can summer-resorts.  The  thermometer  rarely  rises  above  75"  in  this 
'■  Bermuda  of  the  North."  There  is  good  bathing,  in  water  less  cold  than 
oil  the  more  northerly  beaches.  Among  the  lish  found  in  the  adjacent 
waters  are  sea-trout,  bluefish,  black-bass,  cod,  and  sword-fish.  Edward 
[  Everett  Hale  characterized  the  place  as  our  future  Isle  of  Wight. 

Tourists  visit  the  old  burying-ground,  the  peat-bogs,  the  life-snving 
htations,  the  lighthouses,  the  windmills,  the  government  breakwater,  and 
[the  high  bluffs  and  cliffs  which  rebuff  the  waves.  The  Great  Salt  Pond 
Icovers  an  area  of  1,000  acres. 

The  views  from  Beacon  Hill  (an  almost  complete  circle  of  sea).  Pilot 
iHill,  Mohegan  Bluffs,  Bush  Hill,  and  "many  other  points,  are  full  of 
randeur.  The  island  is  traversed  by  several  roads,  giving  attractive 
prives.  Persons  in  search  of  rest,  and  a  peculiarly  equable  and  tonic 
jliniate,  and  not  desirous  of  excitement,  find  this  locality  beneficial. 
l*«it  is  largely  used  here  for  fuel.  The  sea-weed  thrown  on  the  island  is 
rnrth  $20,000  a  year.  90  per  cent  of  the  inhabitants  were  born  on  the 
|l»nd,  of  native  Block-Islanders.  They  are  all  Baptists.  The  little  stono- 
lalled  farms,  thi  rolling  hills,  and  the  lily-strewn  ponds  give  interest  to  the 


ii 


>if 


.' . 


ti' 


%     ' 


\-  %\ 


il 


WMIKEN.  -  BUISTOL 


QQ      Jioute  8.  ^^^p^^  g„d  a  Ur«t 

.ta.ln.-ri..W.    8.v«.l     j^„^  „.„.  .«  a>«  .-■>;,:^,j;:„, ,,    Many  vi,. 

incr  home;  and  «*"J^'"     ^^y  season. 

Veteran  ArtUW^-^Tt  M".-tre»>.  ^ ' S     ^  ^«™"^  ™'  "" 
taken  from  the  Frenel  ^^^y^„„  (IJW). 

toRa,  ««1  """*    "  .  .  ,  ra  small  hotel).    Tto- 

Wa  ren  to  Fall  ».»«.  „j  ^,„en,  i»  ».»''f  .tlpen'"-*  »'»'"' 

The  next  station,  4  M^  »•  . ,  t„,it  on  a  htg   V  ^^^  ,„.„„„ 

*„?»  i.  a  r>rf  ™rT'"«  «*•  r%Ttth«.  Michael's  (EfiO 

to  a  deep,  safe  !«"''"„  L  l,arbor ;  Mam  »«■.  "'"    „!„!,  St.,  «'i*  *, 

^:,„,  _  Water  St.,  "e^«   ,  ^„,„„ial  ""/-r'' :„t  ehutch,  m  "->.«■• 

Chnreh,  awl  two  o.  tl  «e  „„d  a  «'»  ";°"B.  street  may  he  " 

common,  the  poor  countyn      ^^.^  »"*  r,C„U),  °'  "l''"H 

Ui»va.arch.eetn.e^,J.,K,,,  Philip'. -t     (A™ 

:;rM"ol^lope"(PairreV).   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^         e^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
*^*"°.      Wtcr  enduiiiib        ,  J  that  all  ^'»'.  ,„  +hrout;hout  ^f",,.,,-,     Af 


-.  -Vfo  ..nam,...  ■••■WtSrart^  ''^'JS^oSSft^N^V 
pan"»f-  „i,l,We  den.an'le'l  *™f,,  uavelli..!!  ^''^lonieB  in  ;«»..,, "J 

hS-Hv^i-^-!^*^^^^^^^^ 

f^rmpil  apo>^^"  .    1  with  unfxaiuv'f '     vidht    ami  tue  ';»..:_  tau'C*^      1 
^^'^^^''SSA^^  ^"fSsSn^^'^y""'^^^^^      and  refined  sn,.r.A 


f".'Tiino,  Ififlfl 


.  .     -....,     innn,    fho    ] 

^'^''  ■''"'<-'<'irhux,ifsovi\u 
PUTv  ..voiiin^r  (except  i 


*''»>'S  l<-av('8  flio 


irlur- 

'■•^I,  leaching  J -rovi.  I,, 
leave  New  i  oik  at  6. W 


F 


*(^f^^ 


^^eul^A,  \ 


•ArKAmpn 


THK   PUOVIDKNCE   LINE.        Jtoute  8.      66  a 


The  Providence  Line. 

Ill  .TiitiP,  IRflS,  tho  Providonro  Lino  of  Rtonnihontn  wns  re><>4tahli!(hcd. 
Till'  Miisi*>ichii»tit,H}Vt\n:  WkhU  hhtml  loaves  Kox-l'iiiiit Whnrf,  I'lovi'U'iH'o, 
pvfiT  cvoiiiiijj  (fxcopt  Suiiduy)  ut  7.45,  rt-acliiiii;  I'iiT  2((  (foot  of  W^M-rm 
St.).  Now  York,  at  7  A.  M.  The  stoamhoat  oxpross-train,  with  INilimnn 
narl'T-oars,  leaves  tlio  I'rovitlfiico  station,  I'ark  .Sr|iiare,  Uoston,  at  0  •JO 
r.  M  ,  reachin){  I'rovidenco  in  an  hour  (42  M.).  IJeturniiiK,  the  Htuunifm 
leavu  Nuw  York  ut  5.^U  P.M.;  and  iiustuii  i.s  reached  ut  7.15  A.  M. 


I  vest  V* 


11 


i 


I 


*      . 

Hi:,»; 

(• 

Jfl 

'M^ 


I 


1 


,  the  ind-trie,  of  Bbode  «!■"*  '^J^  „„  city  -< 
ProroineM  among  *«  >"«       „„d  warehouse  «  '*»7n.  Horsforiof 

Chemical  WoAs,  «'-    *V,,  „,  K^^/J:  'fo^tly  *=  R- 

In  honor  of  tins  v  location  took  ti  e  «     -ard  Lmver- 

,.„A,  and  the  -ff^l^X^,,,,  chair  of  *™"'7  ™„"      „f  ,he  t.  S. 

:  ,.ear.  Prof.  «»"'"*.,'Tre  V'™"^  '^■•'""''        "t  °     that  Comm>..lou  .n 
T    lai'i  he  Visited  »"«  * '^  ,  fi,,>  rcoort  ot  tnav  v>u' 

sity.    I"  IS^*^  ''^.    .^„   and  he  prepared  the  rtpo  tant  study  of 

Scientific  Commission   an  ^^^^^^  ^^^^,^,    ,  \t'o\Z  I'viug  person. 

The  pvoduction.  »«  ""  ™  „,„k  phosphatic  '.repa,  ation»,  ^^^^ 

rii^^Srindrr^s:;-----  - 

retains  its  "^«^^^fVno  other  baking-po^vders.  Auction.     It  i' 

same  can  be  said  of  no  oUi^^^^^^  .^  ^,^^,,,,  TLL  of  aU  schools.   1« 

Horsford's  Acid  1    ojU  ^^^.^^^  ^^  p^,y,,eianB  ot  ^^^^^ ,  ^  ^,^ 

universally recommend-^^^^^^^         .^  --""""\dd  prTparation,  audi. 
,ale  tUroughout^^^^^^^^  ^^,,,.     ^^  .^^  J^^.^,^,,,  ,.. 

the  principal  i^^rivi-v  p.-spepsia  or  inci  e^         '  rvous  sv^t^nn. 

vousness,  and  «^;^^;/   ^^„,tions  are  H^''^^^'^'  ^',  vder,  used  by  paiKt- 

Among  the  of^%f  .^'^".Chlorine,  a  fine  -'^J'^^. ^;;  .^ct  has  been  ,«• 

cider,  and  Hors^rd  s  A^ rt  V^^^^^;^^,e  called  V\mi 

,^akers  for  ^^ll'^S  ^^^^  \  .parlding  <=-^^*;;"f l^'and  Pure  fruit  juice. 

creased  by  the  -;^^^^;;;"Jd  Vhosphate,  distilled  w^^^  Cou>pa«y 

for  it  is  an  ally  oi  h 
government. 


'1, 1 


WARWICK. —  WICKFORD.  Route  S.'   G" 


Providence  to  New  Haven  and  New  York. 

After  leaving  Providence,  the  Shore  Line  route  to  New  York  (Route  8., 
continued)  runs  S.,  passing  the  stations  ElmviUe,  Hill's  Grove,  Apponaug, 
and  Grecmoich  (Updike  House).  Greenwich  is  a  neat 

village  on  Cowesit  Bay,  and  is  the  seat  of  a  large  Methodist  Seminary. 
In  1(111,  a  trading-post  and  inn  were  erected  here  on  the  great  Southern 
road,  or  "  Pequot  Path."  Its  site  is  now  occupied  by  the  Updike  House, 
i.ito  which  many  of  its  timbers  are  built.  At  this  post  the  Mass.  and 
riyiiiouth  forces  met  before  the  Nanagansett  Fort  Fight  (1675),  and 
liilher  they  retreated  with  their  wounded. 

Old  "Warwick  is  a  few  inilea  distant,  across  Cowesit  Bay.  Samuel  Gorton, 
a  layman  who  intruded  into  tlie  arena  of  theological  polemics,  was  banished 
from  Plymouth  in  1637,  from  Newport  in  1G41,  from  i'rovidenoe  in  1642,  from 
Cranston  later  in  the  same  year,  and  then  settled  on  Shawomet.  In  1043,  40 
snlditTs  from  Boston  came  here,  and  took  Gorton  and  10  colonists  to  Boston, 
where  they  were  tried  and  sentenced  as  "  damnable  heretics,"  and  banished 
fnim  America.  The  Earl  of  Warwick  sent  liim  back  to  Shawomet  (which  ho 
named  Warwick),  and  under  that  nobleman's  protec^tion  he  spent  the  remainder 
of  his  life  in  launching  anathematic  treatises  at  Mass-Tchusetts  and  R.  I.,  among 
which  were  " Simplicitie's  Defence  against  Seven-Headed  Policy,"  "Antidote 
against  Pharasaic  Teachers,"  &c.  In  1652,  the  clerk  of  this  unfortunate  settle- 
ment was  disfranchised  on  seven  charges :  first,  for  callin;^  the  officers  of  the 
town  roj,'ues  and  thieves  ;  second,  for  calling  all  the  town  rogues  and  thieves: 
thirtl,  for  threatening  to  kill  all  the  mares  in  town.  In  1676,  the  place  was  at- 
tai'lced  and  burnt. 

Nallianiel  Greene  was  bom  at  Warwick,  in  1742.    He  led  the  R.  I.  brigade  to 
Cambridge  in  1775,  commanded  the  left  wing,  and  took  the  guns  at  Trenton, 
saved  the  army  at  the  Battle  of  the  Brandywinc,  and  led  a  brigade  at  German- 
town,  Monmouth,  and  Newport.     In  1780,  he  connnanded  the  shattered  Army  of 
tilt?  South  in  its  celebrated  retreat  across  South  and  North  Carolina  into  Virginia, 
and  fou<:!ht  the  drawn  battle  at  Guilford  C.  H.     In  April,  1781,  he  was  badly  de- 
fcited  by  Lord  Rawdon,  at  Hoblcirk's  Hill,  and  was  repulsed  from  Fort  96^  but 
i:i  Se])tcniber  he  won  tlie  sanguinary  and  decisive  battle  of  Eiitaw  Springs,  which 
rained  the  British  hopes  in  the  South.     Congress  presented  him  with  a  medal,  a 
Bvitish  standard,  and  two  captured  cannon,  and  tlie  State  of  Georgia  gave  him  a 
till!'  plantation  near  Savannah,  where  he  resided  until  his  death. 
Gens.  Greene  and  Casey,  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  were  born  near  here. 
Oakland  Beach  (hotel  Jor  100  guests ;  famous  for  clam-biikes)  is  a  modem 
ifummer-re.sort  on  Ilorse  Neck,  Greenwich  Bay,  reached  by  railroad  from  Warwick, 
r  rrom  Providence  (open  cars,  J  hour ;  40  cts.  both  ways).     The  R.  I.  militia  en- 
mp  here  one  wet^k  each  summer.    The  Buttonvvonds,  W.  of  Oakland,  has 
fine  beach,  1  M.  long,  boating,  bathing,  fishing,  fifty  cottages,  and  a  large  hotel. 
otowoinut  Neck,  acrcss  the  bay,  is  a  delightful  region  of  farms  and  summer- 
is.    The  Warwick-Ntck  House.  (100  guests)  is  1  M.  from  Rocky  Point. 
The  Cedars  (John  Allen's  summer  boarding-house)  is  on  Quidnesset  Neck, 
fliorefroni  Hope  Island 

A  branch  railway  runs  3  M.  K.  from  Wiclford  Jimction  to  Wickfortl  {Cold 
yiiuj  House),  a.  quaint  old  Tillatre,  whence  .«teiiniers  run  to  Newport  (12  M.), 
[lime^diilv.     Here  is  a  curious  square  Epi.-copal  Church,  built  in  1707;  the  old 
jiiJ^BJlfk  nouse,  built  for  a  defence,  in  1(J41  ;  the  Devils  Rocks,  imprinted  by  Satanic 
'  ',,,^B*'i  a>'d  tlie  Rolling  Rock,  where  Cauouicus  and  Roger  Williams  signed  their  com- 
oTWflBrt.   Wicklbrd  is  ou  Cowe.sct  Hay. 

^i'rom  Kingston  station  Fenii  daily  Ftages  run  2  M.  E.  to  the  hill  village  of  Kine- 
^niKiiitjsfon  House),  the  shire-town  of  Washington  County.  The  Narragau- 
'  Pi'T  'lUnlrond  runs  from  Kingston  station  U  .M.  S  E  ,  by  Rocky  Brook, 
"'  Dale,  and  Wakefield  stations,  to  the  fasaiouable  seaside-resort  of  Narra- 
«<eit  Pier. 


life 


If 


»■!;, 


'U 


if 


.; 


It     \\     I 


a«  caaght  «"">  *    -^»  p,,,  ,  a  »ass  o^  roc^'^^^^^,,  K„a  are  n- 
tbanSowport.    B='f"      J,      h.   M'anKocK  3^^,^,    The 

the  long  Wn«  °'  ^       „  ,1  White  Uk"'  "'"'        ,    Mela.    Ever>-  visitor : 
;,„oa»  mansion  of  *«  ^P  ^g^^        ^^  ,j,,_  ^  ^  tt«  P  ^^^  ^^_  ^^^^.„  , 
*°"\*  8J„:  r^'Iacre  plateau,  near  Sav,^,  10.1,  V 


JTanomachln  was  the  I 
nob^  .ea-8ide  road,  and  { 
J«<lifli,  named  for  Tnr'i 
"Jmns  in  1659.  !„  177^^ 
became  prisoners.  p,,i '  i 
,  I'ho  legend  runs,  fhtlt 

Jvon.n  towards  the  Nan 
■It  tlie  wheel,  w.'.h.i.ft.i  '..' 


'n  towards  the  Nan 

lisoer 
"    Sli 


I'ter  Judith,  cal 
Id  n"*    '• 

-u-u,„tened  cape  far 
[lie  fcirless  -•••'--•     ■ 

flllil    n, :.- 


GUI 


ac 


^■^•^can;ron'wasSrt,?h^r 


'"''>  a'e  the  ruins  of  the 
''""«'  also  a  rock-nli. 


rem 
I  arrow 


^  town  of  S.  Kingstc 

—  in  the  great  j 
Kaigston)    are  the 
fde  necessary,  who  can 
^^■<^%eof  the— 


N-  W.  of  Kin 

f  the  Ii 

™-"'«;  also  a  rock-chaml 

y^  Iiave  been  found 

On  a  hill  in  +h«  „„....  . 


1^'.  of 


ns:of 


Oliver  J^'  7-    ed  as  a  w»'!**"\^"  e  at w'nose  heaa,  o.^---    ^^  ^f  y^^'"';  'rt 


01 

anc 
I. 


L'mton^    it  i«  f..    "'Y  couii 
ileof  t  p  " '^  ^'o'»  Ma.s.sa 

Pn.m,  J  1  .■"""""''•rat  -in  n»  I 
tnroiigh  an  enfiladed . 


NARRAGANSETT  FORT. 


^anomachln  was  th.  T  ..  ""  ^'^'"  ^'       ^^ 

noble  fea-side  roM  „„!  {""^'an  "achem  of  thJ«  «.  . 

became  prisonera      pt/'i'?'  *^-  S.  .Vy"!    S    ^^''  ''^"(^ht  this  S  L  "IV* 

WMmmMmM 

inis  town  c\f  '^  v-      ^  "■^"u, 

^'^l"=^re  M.     N  W  ^'"f  .*°^^  '«  the  largest  in  the  StafP 

if  fi,„  i..'  _      -    _  o  ua 


»  the  ,„„*^,,;'£  "/he  »™ 


I  i  -^ 


Mi' 

I  !' 


il't  "'i 


^ . 


*   ^  I 


!  «■ 


f  I 


I,  1 . 1 


■         I 


•ti 


YO       Route  8. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  VOBK. 


m.ri'*'S'TS,S. 


fyj       jt.^—  The  whole  loruc  »-■■-- 

ted  they  were  driven  out  with  ^^^TcZ^f^^^^f^^, 
unsupported  they  w  ^^^  ^^^^^  ',pind\an  garrison  was  <^e"fj^^g3  „«  the  olUer 
avvived,  a  do^J'^^S^on  ot-  the  whole  Indian  b^^.^  ^^^^  VS  the  Indians  nlh- 
aud.  whixe  the  atte  Jio       ^^^^.^  tlivou^h  tje  <^»=^^'^,\ais  who  nowluUl 

wounded.     ^^"  ^    "  .-e  cither  sliot  on  f "°..  .  ^j     Nearly  all  ^"'^\,,„ou«'h  a  loml- 

were  ^l^"*,  and  a  ton  ^^^^^^._  ^,^,es  ot  nules  ^^^^^_  ^,^ 

less  country  n\  nnw  tedious  march,  Ti>e  °     ,    .^j,^,,   an'l 

Uie  I'ort  HiSii''"'  „;,-,«  Kmsston  fetation,  ^-"^     .  ^.-^r,  is  Care  oiii, 

I,aO-12nun.  f;-^:XJok  place.  The  -^^J.^^^^  church 
the  swamp  wl^ei-e  th  battle  ^  ^^  ^^^^.^^^  ^^  ,  'T^  .e  Narrasausett 
with  large  woolleuuuK3    *  ^^^^^,y  remnant  ^^^^  ^  ^,,out 

-^  ^tt:  tZ^er    ^-!^-;,rtwi!^  cU>  Tf 
tribe.      Stations     »v  ^  ^^.^.^^^^^  ^f  the  x       i  g^,,,u>-Day 

catuck  River  to  ^atcU  HiU  Point. 


w 


in 


„,8  at  new  .  .  4,  ,  a  W  extremity  of  B-  '■.  »■ ''     »  , .,    ,„  tst«l 

tory,  from  ''•'"f  *^J^:;^rtrip  of  -A  ™"7^.  °  |  «k  IsU»J  »1 
H,p.tree  Bea.1 .  a^«  «  """  '^  ITtC  ut  Stomngton  cl-J 
the  top  of  the  Ml 'I  g  ^,,  „„,;  the  *""  ^.^^hes,  a-J'Tl 

S.  B.,  Fl*'>"  "'r^lTta  fine  views,  »«'="«"' ^'"'l^mer  re»rt.    I 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Route  S. 


71 


Noyes  Beach  {('hnpninn  House),  E.  of  Watch  Hill,  ha«  many  Bummer-cot- 
tapfs.  5  M.  to  the  E.  is  Quonocontniig,  with  shore  cott!igei»,  2  M  from  Watchaug 
Luke;  ami  4  M.  further  is  Cliiirlestown  Bt^Hch  {Ocean  House),  stretcliiiig 
from  Devil'H  ISeach  to  Green  Hill.  2-3  M.  from  Green  Hill  is  ICorlty  Point 
[Matunoc  Hotel)  and  Little-Comfort  lieuch,  nearly  to  Point  J  udith.    (Si-e  page  C'J  ) 

After  Westerly  comes  Stonington  (tlie  *  Wadawanuck  House  is  a  large 
Slimmer  hotel,  commanding  a  tine  water-view.  It  accommodates  140 
guests,  and  charges  $4.50  a  day;  large  reduction  for  board  by  the 
season.     There  are  one  or  two  smaller  houses  here). 

This  district  (Pawcatuck)  was  claimed  by  Mass.  as  hers  in  right  of  "joint  con- 
quest," after  the  defeat  of  tiie  Periuods,  but  was  settled  in  1G4'.)  Irom  Connecticut, 
la  IS'Jl  it  became  a  borough,  about  which  time  President  Dwight  wrote  that  "  Ston- 
initoii  and  all  its  vicinity  suffers  in  religion  from  the  nearness  of  II.  I."  Aug.  9, 
iSU,  tlie  borough  was  attaclied  by  the  Runiilies,  74  ;  tiie  Pactolus,  38  :  and 
stveml  other  British  vessels,  which  bombarded  it  for  three  days,  throwing  GO  tons 
(if  iron  into  it.  Four  attempts  to  land  were  repulsed  with  grapeshot,  with  heavy 
loss  and  the  Dispatch,  22,  was  seriously  injured  and  driven  otfby  a3-guu  battery 
oil  tlie  point.  The  town  wa?  deserted  by  its  people,  and  50  soldiers  were  scattered 
through  it  to  put  out  the  fires. 

Stonington  is  built  on  a  narrow,  rocky  point,  with  quiet  streets,  embel- 
lished liere  and  there  by  iron  relics  of  1814. 

Steamers  from  Stonington  to  Watch  Hill  6  times  daily  in  summer  (25c.). 


8  M.  beyond  Stonington,  after  passing  Afystic  (Hoxie  House)  and  i'V. 
\Mijstic  stations,  the  train  reaches  Noank,  olf  which  is  Mystic  Island 
l(.l/!/s?i'c-/sZanrf  House),  a  quiet  summer-resort,  with  good  boating,  bathing 
[wd  fishing,  and  fine  sea-views,  including  the  Conn,  shore  and 

Fisher's  Island  (several  summer  boarding-houses,  at  $8 -10  a  week), 

jteached  by  semi-daily  steamers  from  New  London,  10  M.,  which  was 

(ranted  to  Gov.  John  Winthrop  in  1068,  and  became  "  the  Governour's 

larnie  of  Fysher's  Island."     It  remained  in  the  Winthrop  family  until 

l8i)8,  when  Robert  R.  Fox,  a  retired  merchant  of  New  York,  bought    'le 

|land,  ff  r  a  stock  farm,  remodelling  the  Old  Winthrop  mansion,  near 

hit  Harbor,  for  a  manor-house.    There  are  30  -  40  summer-cottages  near 

p  shore,  favored  by  cool  breezes,  good  fishing,  and  singular  scenerj' 

I  sand  dunes,  emerald  meado'.rs,  and  fresh-water  ponds.      The  island 

[longs  to  New  York,  and  is  9  M.  long,  covering  8, COO  acres. 

Blook  Island,  named  for  Adrian  Block,  the  Dutch  discoverer,  was  called  by 
'Indians  Manisee8(the  isle  of  the  little  god).  The  natives  made  the  wampum 
Itlie  interior  tribes.  In  1G36,  they  captured  a  Boston  vessel  near  the  island,  and 
rl  the  crew,  shortly  after  which  a  Conn,  coaster  ran  down  on  her,  raking  the 
fswitli  musketry.  The  coaster  then  towed  her  to  sea,  and,  having  removed  her 
T.let  her  go,  In  a  fearful  storm.  Gov.  Endicott  campaigned  on  Block  Island, 
Nestroyed  2  villages.  The  island  sent  60  ft.  of  wampum  to  Boston  for  tribute, 
I™,  and  in  1661  an  English  settlement  was  made  here,  and  nearly  destroyed  by 
Tnrom  French  vessels  in  1690. 


iili 


BOSTON  TO  SEW  YORK. 


BOSTON   1^  ^^" 

wbelmea  "^      y-veatness  ,f  ";„\\,„n  women,  a"^;  "      f  the  luoinuij.,  ^  |,,i 

^"^d- ^  ^^''''''  "     t  .London)  is  rort  HiU.  .1- 
flee,  and  they  b^v  ^lalf-vv-ay  to  New  l^o^^^' ;^^„_      On  heaving  of 

4  M.  from  Pea-t  ^^^  Ld  ^^  ^^^^^^^^ors,  .V>  eousnl 
Sassacus,  sachen.  of  tie  Fc         ^^^^^  ^^q  .^  i,,s  best  ^^^^^^^.^^  ^,„ 

.f  \ttaclc  of  Mason,  the  en  .^  ^^^^^^t.     i^u  ^^^^.^  ^^,j 

:"ohad  remained  mff  ^^  ^,^  ^"'^,ttt^     u^ 
elnefs,   was     ^^^i^al  organization -as  U^^^^^^^^^^  ,,  the  .^ 

returned,  and  the  tnu  ^.^.^^^^^     le  view  from  Fort  HiUUM 

gave  for  slaves  to  the  i,  a  noble  vie  ^  ^^^,,^, 

E.  of  New  London)       ^^^^^^^^,es,  with  New 

States,  20  islands,  J     .         g^^^^,^.  ^.^^^^  ^^^^  ,o|l  U" 

Griswold,  audF^s^^^  ^        township,  a«^\^"' ^^^re  ona  reservaliou,";- 
Groton  is  a  ve^lVj^^^^  p.^.ots  were  l^^^S^^/^,,,  ^n  early  A">en 
river  valley)^     ^^  ^^fw  Narragansetts.     ^^^as  Dean  ,        ^^^^^^^  ^^.^      I 
sUU  heartily  ^^^"^f  ^'i^poverty  and  sorrow  m  a  tra  6  ^  ^^^.^.^  ^^  ,A 
dilomatist,  -^0  aied  Xtio^^^^  ^^'f  -tton  cloth  we..o 

n4  made  suceessful  ne.  ^^^^^  ^^^^^^^  yards  ot  c 
ton.     Between  1812  J^^^.^^^^s.  .  ^^e  «,outh  of  the  n«r 

at  home  by  women  w  h  ^^^^^^^ ,   off  the  ^^^.^^^  ^,, , 

'\lystic  Island,  aqmet  J^  ^^  ^  '""''Z)      A^"^'«  ^''^  "■ 

Jter  pa--g;^i^,;toV  (*  ^'-f,':  lithe  Thames. 
Thames  ll>ver  to  :NeW    ^^^-^      ;«  being  bmlt  au  .^^^^^,^,,,  deJi 

Winthrop  Point,  -^-^^,^,  "^^^^^^^^^^'Mft'deep. 

^-i^tri^eUor,  3  ^-X^Z  was  ^.d..s.ce.. 


^ew  London  - '^  \^^,;,  3  M.  long  -^^^^^^^^  ,,,,ed  succ^si 
facings.  E..ouahn^    ^^  re.^^  «^Sd  ll^^^JS^SttJ 

Mason,  lJ"^'"^^?olecUcut  Assembly 

X,  1058  the  Couue  ^^^^^ ..  ^^^^  ^„,e.. 

.one  authority  .ays that  1 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Jiijiite  8.       73 


Nveve 


\VOi 


that  there  hath  yet  no  place  in  any  of  the  colonies  been  named  in  honor  of  tlie 
city  of  London,  there  being  a  new  place,  witliin  this  jurisdiction  of  Connecticut 
settled  upon  that  fair  river  Moliegau  in  tlie  Pequot  country,  lieing  an  excellent 
harbor,  and  a  fit  and  convenient  pLicefor  future  trade,  it  being  also  the  only  place 
in  tlicse  parts  which  the  English  jiossessed  by  conquest,  an<l  tliat  upon  a  very 
just  war,  upon  tliat  great  and  warlilie  people,  tlie  Pequots,  we,  therefore,  that  we 
might  thereby  leave  to  posterity  that  we  memory  of  tliat  renowned  city  of  Lon- 
don, from  whence  we  had  our  transportation,  have  thought  lit,  in  honor  to  that 
fannms  city,  to  call  the  said  plantation.  New  London."  In  ltJS)8,  the  pirate  Capt. 
Ki(lil  cruised  along  these  shores,  and  buried  on  Gardiner's  Island  75  ounces  of 
gold,  GU3  ounces  of  silver,  and  a  large  lot  of  precious  stones,  which  were  recov- 
ered by  the  Earl  of  Bcllomont,  governor  at  Boston,  in  1(J1M>.  During  the  Revolu- 
tion, the  navy  of  Conn.,  consisting  of  26  vessels,  made  Now  London  Its  chief 
jKirt ;  and  here,  in  1776,  were  landed  the  governor,  oftlcers,  and  iilunder  from  New 
Providence  (of  the  Bahamas),  which  had  been  captured  by  an  American  fleet. 
Si'i>t.  5,  1781,  tlie  renegade  raider  Benedict  Arnold  api)eared  olf  the  town  with  a 
flw't  and  a  large  force  of  British  troops,  and  having  taken  B'ort  Trumbull  he 
pluiKkred  and  burnt  New  London.  At  the  same  time  a  strong  detachment  made 
an  attack  on  Fort  Griswold  (across  the  river),  which  was  defended  by  Col.  Led- 
yard  with  150  militia-men.  The  sharp  fire  of  the  Americans  repulsed  the  first  at- 
tiick,  but  a  bayonet-charge  ensued,  which  carried  the  enemy  into  the  fort.  The 
British  commander  was  killed  on  the  rampart,  and  the  Tory  Capt.  Bloomfleld 
(from  New  Jersey)  took  his  place.  As  he  shouted,  "  Who  commands  this  Fort?" 
Col.  Ledyard  gave  him  his  sword,  saying,  "  I  did  command,  sir ;  but  you  do 
now."  T'lO  infamous  renegade  ran  Ledyard  through  with  liis  own  sword,  where- 
upon a  general  massacre  ensued,  and  70  Americans  were  killed  and  30  wounded 
alter  the  surrender.     In  storming  the  Fort  the  British  lost  191  men. 

An  excursion  should  be  made  to  Groton  heights,  where  are  the  remains 
of  old  Fort  Griswold,  near  which  is  a  bii.siness-like  20-gun  battery,  in  ad- 
mirable order,  which  protects  the  channel.     Within  stone's-tlirow  of  the 
fading  ramparts  of  tlie  old  Fort  is  a  Monument  to  tlie  massacred  militia, 
|— a  noble  granite  shaft,  134  ft.  high,  and  2G  ft.  square  at  the  base,  on 
j  which  was  inscribed,  "  Zebulon  and  Naphthali  were  a  people  that  jeoparded 
tlieir  lives  till  death  in  the  high  places  of  the  Lord."    A  marble  tablet  at 
Ithe  base  contains  the  names  of  the  slain,  which  will  be  seen  to  run  in 
jfamilies;  out  of  84  names,  9  are  Averys,  6  Perkinses,  4  AUyns,  4  Lesters, 
Itc,    Tlie  ascent  of  the  inside  of  the  monument  should  be  made  (key,  10 
jc.  at  small  house  close  to  the  monument).     From  the  top  a  *  view  is 
gained  which  is  "charming  for  the  student  of  nature  and  yet  more  charm- 
^  for  the  student  of  the  romance  of  American  history."  —  Lossing.     To 
Pie  W.  is  New  London,  with  its  spires  and  terraced  streets,  its  shipping, 
[ort  Trumbull's  massive  walls,  and  up  the  river  the  widenings  of  the 
]liames  where  the  U.  S.  has  prepared  a  Navy  Yard.     On  the  E.  are  the 
ony  lulls  of  Groton,  with  Fort  Hill  4  M.  away  ;  and  on  the  S.  the  mouth. 
tlie  Thames  witli  its  lighthouses,  liotels,  and  summer-cottages.     The 
fig,  irrugular  line  of  Fisher's  Island  (9  M.  long),  belonging  to  New  York 
ot'cupied  by  three  farms,  is  in  the  S.  E.  over  which  tlie  ocean  is  seen, 
if  the  day  is  clear.  Block  Island  may  be  made  out  with  a  strong 
|S3.    Many  leagues  to  the  S.  E.  over  the  W.  end  of  Fisher's  Island, 
be  seen  the  white  cliffs  of  Montauk  Point. 
steam-ferry  (4  c.)  leaves  the  foot  of  State  St.  every  15  min.  for  Gro- 


..■r.  f 


'".  \ 


\  ■! 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


lie 


Stone  City  Hall  anci  r  ^^^^  eoiul  ii  ^^  .^  i,^,,..! 

copal  Church,  a  large   D  ^^^^^  '\'^"Z\me  was  perfonu. 

sl^elSeabury^^  X^^nsecr^^  .e  pveae|. 

bishops  (in  1^^^^\T^^  Scottish  Episcopal  Church  ^.^^^^,,,,   .  , 

l^y  3  bishops  of  f^^^^°  ^^,,.     on  F«^^^^=^W^  ^u  ancient  cenutcry 
J  New  London  ^or/^^J^„_  church,  near  ^^^^^^J^Vschool-house  on  U>e 

passive  and  e^tens^^?  ^^.^^^  ^„j,y  ^«^^'f  ^^^  ^u  rch  on  Unnti-^tou 

"vhich  overlooks  the  haibor.  ^^^^^^^,,  On  rcn        ^^^^^^  ^^  ^^ 

lill  and  the  spacious  ^   -^  Cedar  Grove  Cem^te         ^^^^.^^  ^^^^^^ 

'^!'are  fine  ^-^'^f  ^.^.^Vthe  city,    ^^rt J^^tut  too  near  iU 

,^,  main  ^^--^-^^^.Ts  with  a  heavy  -^]--^'^'^'^^X  the  city  con^mand 

po>verful  granvte  fortre  ^^.^^  ^^^^t,  of  ^^^^^  ,f  the  Thames 

W  to  l^eep  xt  ^"^7;^^^^^^^^^^       views,  i"*=^-^"^|.^^V,,tly  granite  wiu.r  of 
beautiful  water  and  lan.l.c  1.  ^^^^^^^.^^     ^lie  '^^^^ JJ        ^^.d  t\ie  har- 

the  Sound,  and  the  adjacent  lu^J  .^^  ^^,,  countr)  ,  ^^^^^^ 

^e  N  L-  N-  ^-  ^-  ''  r  Kew\ondon  is  ^Cfare" toe  viUaM.u  t  e 

tue  iN-  "  I    ^  ice.    ^^^^,  .11  etrpets.  There.  ai«'    -ii  M  from  tm 

bor  is  always  iveerom^^^^^^^^^  Siarsummcr-colonj^  1|  j^^^^\  ,,„,,, 
antique  vnan^'ons,  an    v^^^^^^^     ^*Xh  scenery.    O^prey  jeac  ,  ^_^^^^^ 

g^^n  Sote!  amil  admirable  W^^^^^^    ^^^^^^ ra")^''^^^^  . 

Ks  cSm-bakes,  is  near  ^he  hgW  ^.^.^^^^  ,,^p  ,s  at  ^.^^^  ^^  ^^^ 

i^Vr^rpicturesque  -^^;^  J.^^rt  Trun.bull,  ^^  .^  ,,,  *  /.,. 
The  Harbor  ^J^^^  jf  „,  J,th  of  the  Thames,  neai  w  ^,,,,,.oaate 

tages,  in  3  - 1  M-  ^^     .Cive  aristocratic  resort,  ^''  ^  drives,  and 

hL;,  a  -tly  -d -clu-      ^,,  t  r  ru^  iCe'W  -  t^e  el. 
about  500  r'^'lZZ  S«-"^^-    Steamboa  «  nm       ^  ^^^^,.  I 

After  leavtag  New  Won  _^^  ^,^^  '^"''f  ,,i'     ,„d  boa«»! 

(j^utic  Hotel,)  -If -^^Z;^,  ,„„e,  are  f°»*  «*f  Connea..t. 

under  their  sachem,  Niwgr 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YOKK. 


Rmite  8.       75 


q{  cot' 

:ives, »'" 
tUe  city 


touonioh)  conquered  the  Long  Island  Indians.       The  colonies  declared 

war  against  Ninigret  twice,  on  absurd  pretexts,  but  ho  escaped  without 

Lu'liting,  though  his  territories  were  ravaged,  and  in  King  Philip's  War 

ke  kept  his   people  from  attacking  the  English.     Lyme  (*  Pierrepont 

ll<use,  a.  new  summer-hotel)  is  a  venerable  old  hamlet,  buried  in  foliage, 

aliout  1  M.  inland  from  the  station.     The  main  street  is  1^  M.  long,  lined 

with  old  trees  and  historic  mansions,  with  two  churches  and  an  aca<lemy  ; 

and  Jjlark  Hall,  tlie  mansion  of  the  patrician  Griswolds,  is  3  M.  distant. 

N.  of  Old  Lyme  is  a  picturesque  hill-coiuitry,  in  which  is  Boger's  Lake, 

2  M.  long,  with  ancient  homesteads  on  the  adjacent  heights.     Lyme  was 

tirst  settled  in  1664;  and  Chief  Justice  Waite  was  born  here,  in  1816. 

Beyond  Lyme  the  train  crosses  the  Connecticut  River  on  a  long  bridge, 

ami  stops  at  Saybrook,  whence  trains  on  the  Conn.  Valley  R.  R.  run  S. 

I  to  Saybrook  Point  and  the  shore. 

On  Saybrook  Poi;.  a  fort  was  built  by  Plymouth  in  1G35,  and  well  armed, 
8tM>iil(tf  tlic  cannon  remaining  here  in  1^00.  In  1030  Col.  Fcnwiclc  came  here  to 
niletlie  ]il:mtation,  which  was  named  in  honor  of  Lord  Say  and  Selc,  and  Lord 
Bruiik.  Ill  1037  tlio  Pecjuots  ambushed  and  destroyed  a  detachment  near  the 
^fjrt,  and  attempted  to  carry  the  works  by  assault,  but  were  received  with  such 
lis'liarsos  of  grapeshot  that  they  gave  it  uji,  and,  capturing  several  vessels 
[itwve  the  Point,  put  their  crews  to  deatli  with  horrible  tortures.  Lady  Fenwick 
icd in  10-18,  and  her  husband  sold  the  territory  to  Conn.,  returned  to  England, 
imlivas  one  of  the  regicide  jud;?es.  The  fort  cirectually  prevented  Dutch  vessels 
'™  ascending  to  reinforce  Hartford,  and  in  1075  forced  Andres's  fleet  to  lie  out- 
line of  the  river.  SpringUeld  vessels  refused  to  pay  the  toll  demanded  at  the 
'ort,  and  appealed  to  Mass.,  Avhicii  put  a  toll  on  all  Conn,  vessels  entering  Boston 
larbor,  and  soon  enforced  a  colonial  reciprocity.  In  1701  Yale  College  was 
larterod  and  located  at  Saybrook,  and  remained  tliere  1707-17,  where  it  held  its 
;tl5  ro'.nniencements.  It  then  occupied  a  one-story  building  80  ft.  long  on  the 
ininsula  near  the  Fort.  The  celebrated  Saybrook  Platform  was  drawn  ui*  here 
1708,  heiMuse  "  the  churches  must  have  a  public  profession  of  faith  agreeable 
which  the  instruction  of  the  college  shall  be  conducted."  On  Good  Friday, 
|14, 100  liritish  sailors,  in  the  boats  of  the  "  La  Iloguc,"  74,  took  the  Fort  and 
tended  the  river  20  M.  destroying  27  vessels.  The  commander  of  this  raid  was 
tVilliani  E.  Parry,  afterwards  famous  for  bis  Arctic  voyages.  "The  stcoi), 
itaiy  hill  near  the  river,"  on  which  still  stood  the  remains  of  the  Fort,  was  cut 
fsy  by  the  railroad  in  1871  -  2,  to  make  embankments  with.  It  is  fortunate  that 
•Veropolis  and  the  temples  of  Baalbec  are  not  in  America. 


on  Yi^Wl 
alii  '■■'1 


Illc  iU^^I 
boatwS 

^ei'tu'i^^^ 

raUi^ettS: 

Iclc  of  >" 


In  the  cemetery  at  Saybrook  Point  is  the  transplanted  monument  of 
ly  Fenwick,  and  l?r-2  M.  beyond  is  the  quiet,  elm-shaded,  and  wealthy 
[ige  of  Old  Saybrook. 

[he  railroad  now  runs  across  a  wide  cove,  and  stops  at  *  Fenwick  Hall, 
flegant  hotel,  accommodating  .300  guests  ($  3  a  day;  $  15-25  a  week). 
jtony  strand  leads  to  Lynde's  Point  on  the  E.  at  the  mouth  of  the 
f.  vdtli  its  lighthouse.  On  the  W.,  near  Cornfield  Point,  is  a  small 
p;r-ljeacli.  Several  fine  cottages  arc  near  Fenwick  Hall,  from  which 
-o:!g  Island  shore  is  seen.  In  seasons  of  long  adverse  winds,  a  fleet 
-200  sail  sometimes  collects  in  the  mouth  of  the  river. 

fmers  nnmin^  between  Hartford  and  the  river  villages  and  New  Tork,  New 

p,  and  Ha%  Harbor  toueh  at  Saybrook  Point. 

I  Connecticut  Valley  R.  R.  runs  from  Saybrook  Point  to  Hartford  (Route  14> 


r 


'  i 


1 


1' 


: 


;s-  I 


TI 


K      Route  0-  " "  ■ 

After  S.vbr.H,k,  the  Shore  l.."«  «■«;;„„.,,,  ,,.,e,  r.n«M.N.VV. 

lo  {,u  •'        ''       „x;„„iiv  here,  iT^'i     ''  '^       "  ,       ^  Killinfwortu,    ^*"i ') 

They  were  leA  ' *"  „    ^     „  id,,„,  wore  ""«"  "      ,„^t  the  rali 

ami  m  17S1  3'"="  „„„  „it.      Du™6  the  ex  ^^  .^^ 

reqi>ot»  in  iW    ;he^  ,,;„  „„  t„e  »hore,  r  .t    ■»  '  ^y„  , 

ftis  rrfnt,  anclhaun  ^^^^^  „„d  the  pot. 

an  oak-tree,  where  It  !.ta>ea 

^t:t"tue..t.e.^i.e.--E-r-2S^S^ 
tolerlciS  .rfl"V>'''?,  "  U  I,,  isra.  ,„  „„  torn  «t  Guilford  .nj 

M,        -a  fl  Tirettv  one,  buiU  arouna  ai  far-viewing  I 

Station,  o      rj„„d.Fiew  //owse,  on  ^'5"  °         .     ,     „e  ov^lerl 

Point  Home;  ii>t«««  „„p  bav  famed  for  its  la^b^    .       1 

;  \n  a  acep  and  picturesque  bav ,  here,  and  I 

S,l  i„„    Btanfora.  a  ,.vt«  >'  ;*'"";  ^^^    ,  g,ad  to  get  an  .J 
.Ar-Sviac  to  <'«  l'-"^'*::;  f„;  d  l™  Bre„ttora    »  ^J 
tue  dreaded  M»'-f  |:    "  "t" >e  shore  hereabout.  .»  l'"=-» 
Ironside  tonght  tlie  Danes. 


) 


*•  ^-  /i.  Station.        C6  1     7 

\  'I  '^-^■en  Hotel.  i:A     l'  ^"'/^' CAurcA.    c., 

*•  0,a  state  Ucuse.  ct     .1   f^/'^^^J^'^nl.      v,  *? 
I  •  <       IZ.    A/,. /^^, ,,  ^   ' 


•i    V 


nier  hotels,  —  the 
Indian  Nctk  are  til 
l,otli  about  2  M.  fi| 
slioicd  and  island-s 
Point  House  (160- J 
by  is  tlie  favorite  Do| 

In  1G65,  tlie  coloiii 
onli'r  and  the  comi 
opposed  this  union, 
body,  lieaded  by  thei 
Newark,  N,  J.,  and] 
years. 

Station,  E.  IIaven,\ 
and  tlie  seat  of  iron-v 
The  train  now  passes 
through  Fairhaven,  a 


Hotels.    *  New  Have 

Cv.lk'-e,  4! 4 -4. 50  a  day; 
nlil  house  fronting  the  Gij 
Ilmise.  I 

tHiTiases.  The  regi 
I'itv,  u\-  Un- 1  wo  passenj^er 
Horse-Car  #  (nead-qu 
I  lluveii,  to  W.  Chapel 
li'nk,  laiil  hi  suiiiiiier  to 
Ncwhalivillc,  Wliitneyvif 
Fmiii  ('lia]iel  St.  to  the  U 

lieading-liooins. 
Buililiii-,  L'hapel  8t.     Als 
llii^  I'allutliuiii  Builduig. 

.XinnseinentH.     Popi 

I  an- frequently  held  in  Cai 

lllivnimiv  Hall,  and  Loomi 

Railroads.    At  this  ] 

|i!i-   II  I'l.  R.  (see  precedin 

|t  (Air  Line  route,  Bostoi 

1 11.  K.  (gnmd  route  fro 

ii;'i  Xoitliaiuptnn  (Canal] 

■«•  York  and  New  Havi 

[iiid  mutes  from  Boston  (: 

Steamboats.    Steanu 

fci-'l  making  the  voyage  in 

pizi'iis'  l-ine  runs  boats  1 

|tii:irs  ilaily)  to  the  beael 

I  Stages  run  from  New 

pp  River,  &c.     Daily  a1 

I'  Millurd  and  Mt.  c'ai'n 

iWdoilhurv.     To  Cent 

Irwifnrd,  N.  Guilfonl,  N. 

1  ^  M.  ;  to  Waterliury  an 

\<  Thuis.  8  A.  M.  ;  to  { 


mmimiasm 


tBSISSas—^^Si^SB 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Route  8.       77 


mer  hotels,  — the  Montana,  Sea  View,  Totocket,  Pine  Orchard,  &c.  On 
Indian  Nt.i.k  are  the  Indian  Neck  and  Mon to wese  (200  guests)  Houses, 
liotli  al>out  2  M.  from  Branford  station.  At  the  head  of  "  the  rocky- 
slioii;il  and  island-sprinkled  bay  of  Branford "  is  the  large  *  Branford 
I'dint  House  (lGO-200  guests),  distant  8  M.  from  New  Haven,  and  near 
by  is  tlie  favorite  Double  Beach  House  (100  guests,  $3-3.50  a  day). 

In  1065,  the  colonies  of  Hartford  and  New  Haven  were  united  by  royal 
ordr  and  the  common  consent.  The  people  of  Branford  had  steadily 
opiiosed  this  union,  and  when  it  was  consunnnated,  they  moved  in  a  solid 
body,  headed  by  their  pastor,  and  bearing  all  their  houseliold  goods,  to 
Newark,  N.  J.,  and  the  site  of  Branford  was  silent  and  deserted  for 
ytars. 

Station,  E.  Haven,  an  ancient  resort  of  the  Indians  (for  oysters,  &c.), 
anil  llie  seat  of  iron-works  in  1655,  now  has  large  copper-smelting  works. 
The  train  now  passes  Saltonstall  Lake,  crosses  the  Quinnipiac  River,  runs 
through  Fairhaven,  and  enters 

New  Haven. 

Hotels.  *  New  Haven  House,  comer  College  and  Chapel  Sts. ,  opposite  the 
('f.lk'^T,  «!4-4.50  a  day;  *Tontine  Hotel,  corner  Church  and  Court  Sts.,  a  quiet 
olil  house  fronting  the  Green,  $3  a  day  ;  Tremont  House  ;  '  Elliott 

House. 

Carria$!;es.    The  regular  tarilT  is  50  c.  for  one  passenger  for  one  course  in  the 

litv.  111-  idi-  two  passengers  35  c.  each. 
Horse-Car  4  (iiead-quarters  at  the  foot  of  the  Green)  run  to  Fairhaven  and 

1    Haven,  to  W.  Chapel  St.,  to  Westville  and  W.   Rock,  to  Centreville,  to  E. 

li'K-k,  iiiid  in  summer  to  W.  Haven  and  Savin  Rock.    The  longer  routes  are  to 

Niwhaliville,  Wliitneyville,  and  Cedar  Hill,  and  other  pleasant  rural  suburbs. 

Fmiii  Cliaiiel  St.  to  the  Union  Depot. 
lieadhig-liooms.    In  the  hotels,  and  at  the  Young  Men's  Institute,  Phoenix 

Buililjiit;,  (jiiapel  St.    Also  at  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  rooms,  over 

till'  I'alladiuni  Building. 
Amnseinentfl.     Popular  lectiire?,  theatriral  entfrtalnmcnts,  concerts,    &c. 

Ian  frequently  held  in  Carll  Opera  Houi*e  (accommodating  2,6<X)  persons).     Also  in 

|ilitni(niv  Hall,  and  Loomis's  Temple  of  Mugic,  Orange  and  Centre  Sts. 
Railroads.    At  this  point  converge  tlie  New  Haven,  New  London,  and  Ston- 

|i!i-   II  U.  1{.  (see  preceding  pages)  ;  the  New  Haven,  Middletown,  and  Willinian- 

|t'  (Air  Line  route,  Boston  to  New  York) ;  the  New  Haven,  Hartford,  and  Spring- 
A  il.  U.  (grand  route  from  Boston  to  New  York,  via  Si)riugfJeld) ;  the  New  Haven 

fA  Xoitliaiupton  (Canal)  R.  R.  ;  the  New  Haven  and  Derby  R.  R.  ;  and  the 
w  York  and  New  Haven  R.  R.,  which  is  the  last  division  of  all  three  of  the 
mi  routes  from  Boston  (see  succeeding  pages). 

^teatnboat8«    Steamers  leave  for  New  York  twice  daily  (morning  and  even- 
i-'i making  tlie  voyage  in  5  hours.     Fare  -SI,  dinner  and  state-rooms  extra.     The 
p.tiziiis'  lane  runs  boats  to  New  Y'ork  every  morning.   Steamers  run  (in  summer, 
Itiiiii's  daily)  to  the  beaches  at  the  mouth  of  the  harbor. 

I  Stages  run  from  New  Haven  to  Hartford  via  Durham,  to  North  Branford  and 
DeipRixer,  &c.  Daily  at  2  P.  M.  for  Westville,  Woodbridge,  and  Seymour,  also 
I'  Miliiird  and  Mt.  Carmel  At  8  A.  M.  daily  to  Seymour,  Oxford,  Southbury, 
|:i\V<ioillun'y.  To  Centreville  semi-daily  ;  to  Easlhaven  4  times  daily;  to  N. 
Jiiiifnid,  X.  Guilfonl,  N.  Madison,  Killiugwortli,  and  Wintliroj),  'J'ues.  and  Fri., 
U.M.  ;  toWaterlmry  and  Naugatuidc,  Tues.,  Thurs.,  and  Sat,  10  A.  M. ;  to  Guil- 
HTliurs.  8  A.  M.  ;  to  S.  Britain,  Wed.,  7  A.  M.  ;  to  Woodbridge  and  Ansonia. 


78      Route  8. 


NEW  HAVEN. 


rful  Tiarish  pastor  of  Loii<lon, 

nrt  rof  Mac'dalen  College)  a  PO^'^^l^i  1^*1637  ^-as  forced  to  leave 

John  TJavenport  (of  Maoua  .^^^^  ^^"'"^  uV  f  veav's  soiourn  at  Bos  on,  l,e 

ioiiied  the  Puritan  wins  ot  ^  ^     ^  °    ^^^ter  nearly  «;  >/^l;J;t'  site  of  New  Haven , 

ggland,  with.many  of  ^'^^  Qed  at  Quinnipiac  the  present  s       _^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^ 

set'sail  with  his  Peop  J;^;"":^  '^^^  «'l>^l''"%^';S.Um4  enclosmg  a  large  cen- 

in  April,  1638.     IH^  w-as     u>  ,,  ^  ^^^^es  for  |^"      "^f  then  a  small  space  on 

land  "  and  they  l^^^^nfthoMi  their  houses  only  o;^^"^'^^^;^"  The  colony  was  pv- 

Sal  square  (the  Green),  ^\^^l^l^^^  church,  and  ^,'^,\'^^^,.^niembers,  after  a  curious 

the  present  George  ^t-^,  ij-e^;^^  prominent  churriniu  ^^^.^^^^^  , 

erned  for  many  ye'^^«^^\,f  nivenport  from  the  text      ^isao  ^^,^^ 

and  in^rrf^^ive  s^emim  by^^lj-- .  1^  pillar-;    Onejf  t^Uians  as  "  so  big  study 

^•^^^'"^ndleariSl  Davenport,  who  was  revered  by  ^^  ^^^^ 

pure  ,and  lean  ^^^^^.^^^  ^^  m  o  .lan^f^^.^ed  on  the 


'''^^l^learned  Davenport,  who  was  .icv...^     .  ,f  land  for  13  coat,, 

tamousau         At  sunrise,  July  Jin,  It"'.         ggis.     iney  *-"",,  „„iimi  by  tlie 


so 


¥»,  ffl,88'^-  „       „  ,,,,  „,t  of  Yak  College,  is  tal "I 

Ns«  Haven,  "The  City  of  El'-;  *"  ;,*,", ^ts  iu  from  Lon8  U. J 

lines,  saws,  Baumgarte,    *"™      °      goo  ,ne.i  to  vast  l>arf- 

™ml.«s,  ^vWle  Savge;.^f,tV'  lie  pri.,=ipal  streets,  "-  «» 1  *  I 
Chapel,  State,  ami  Chi'^l'  "  ,j,^„,.  „e  several  .        I 

Jecti,«  near  the  cav- -"^^^       „„  „,„,,ery  (on  Grove  St.. 

churches  here,  and  a  very  ^ 

bead  of  High). 


»,5 


,j'ii 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK, 


Route  8. 


Long  ^^^' 
large' 


lovsets 
(iiu^y- 


ai\e  v»  PI 


Uvave 


vo  i'oi^"^'^'^ 


St. 


Among  those  buried  here  are  Jehudi  Ashmun,  agent,  fortifier,  and  defender  of 
Liberia;  Arthur  Tappan,  the  philantliropist ;  Han^  Crosswell,  D.  D.,  dashing 
politii^U  editor,  1802-14,  and  rector  of  Trinity  Churcli,  New  Haven,  1815-58  ;  N. 
W.  Taylor,  D.  D.,  a  disciple  of  Edwards  and  professor  of  didactic  theology  in 
Yale,  is2;}-58;  Lyman  Beecher,  D.  D.,  "the  most  widely  known  and  influential 
jireaclior  in  the  country,  between  1815  and  1S51 "  ;  Timothy  Dwight,  D.  D.,  grand- 
sun  of  Jonathan  Edwards,  a  distinguished  theolo,:,'ian  and  poet,  and  President  of 
Yale.  17'.)J-1S17,  who  rode  horseback  through  New  Englaml  and  N.  Y.  and  pub- 
lished an  account  of  it  in  4  volumes,  also  a  system  of  tlieolo;.;y  in  5  volumes  ;  Den- 
ismi  Olmsted,  LL.  D.,  professor  oC  natural  philosophy  and  astronomy  at  Y'ale, 
lvJJ-')'.\  .and  a  profound  astronomer  ;    C  A.  Goodrich,   D.  D.,  theologian  and 
lexico^'rapher,  professor  of  rhetoric  at  Y'ale,  1817-311;  Noah  Webster,   LL.  D., 
author  and  publicist,  whose  "  Elementary  Hpelling-Book  "  had  a  sale  of  f)0,0()0,000 
copies,  and  who  prepared  (1807 -23)  and  published  a  Diiitiouary  of  the  English 
laiyuii^'e  which  has   since  been  the.  standard  ;  Ben,jamin  Silliman,  jorofessor  of 
(liemistry  at  Yale,  1802-55,  one  of  the  foremost  scientists  of  his  time  ;  Jedediah 
Mnrse,  D.  D.,  "the  father  of  American  geography";  S.  F.  B.  Mor.se  (born  1791, 
(lied  1872),  who,  in  1844,  put  in  operation  the  first  electric  telegraph  in  the  U.  S., 
wiio  was  covered  with  hcmors  by  European  sovereigns  and  societies,  and  in  1857, 
was  presented  with  400,0i)0  francs  by  a  continental  assembly  at  Paris  ;  Elbridge 
Girry,  Vice-President  of  the  U.  S.,  1812-16  ;  R.  S.  Skinner,  Gov.  of  Conn.,  1844- 
6,  and  U.  S.  Senator,  1847-51  ;  David  Daggett,  sometime  Chief  Justice,  and  U.  S. 
Senator,  1813-19  ;  S.  W.  S.  Dutton,  D.  D.,  and  Gov.  Henry  Button  ;  Prof  Mur- 
(imk  and  Sidney  E.  Morse  ;  James  Hillhouse,  U.  S.  Senator,  1794-1810,  and  James 
A.  Hillhoase,  the  poet  of  Sachem's  Wood  ;  Andrew  H.  Foote,  Rear-admiral  U.  S. 
Navy,  born   in  New  Haven,  1800,  died   186.'}.     He  fought  the  West   India  and 
Sumatra  jiiratcs,  and  in  1856  attacked  the  4  Barrier-Forts  at  Canton,  China,  with 
the "  Portsmouth "  and  "Levant."    After  a  boml>irdnient,  at  the  head  of  280 
1  men,  he  landed  and  stormed  the  forts  in  successicm,  though  they  were  hea^'y 
fiaiiite  works,  mounting  176  cannon,  and  defended  liy  5,000  men.     In  1862  (Feb.  - 
Ainil)  in  a  short,  sharp  cami>aign  at  the  head  of  the  iron-clad  stpiadron  on  the 
[Teime.ssee  and  Mississippi  Rivers,  he  assisted  in  the  reduction  of  Forts  Henry, 
iDonelsoii,  and  Island  No.  10.    He  was  a  very  religious  man,  and  was  accustomed 
[to  preach  to  his  sailora  every  Sunday. 

Jonathan  Knight,  professor  of  surgery  at  Yale,  183S-64;  James  L.  Kingsley, 
Iproessor  of  Hebrew,  Greek,  and  Latin,  at  Yale,  1805-51 ;  Da-'id  Humphreys, 
Ithe  aid-tie-camp  and  friend  of  Washington,  and  minister  to  Portugal  and  Spain, 
IlIM- 18112  ;  Theoiihilus  Eaton,  Gov.  of  the  New  Haven  colony,  1638-57  ;  Roger 
Tilierman,  from  1774  to  1793  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  a  signer 
btthe  Declaration  of  Independence,  who  "never  said  a  loolish  thing  in  his  life" 
IJeffersoii) ;  Theodore  Winthrop,  the  knightly  soldier  (author  of  "Cecil  Dreeme," 
I'Canoe  and  Saddle,"  &c.),  who  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Great  Bethel,  June  10, 
IHil ;  Ezra  Stiles,  long  President  of  Yale  ;  and  Eli  Whitney,  the  inventor  of  the 
|otton-gin. 

Among  the  broad  streets  lined  with  noble  elms  which  extend  on  the  N. 
lid  W.  of  the  Green,  the  most  beautiful  is  Hillhouse  Ave.,  a  broad, 
ark-like  drive,  flanked  by  fine  mansions,  at  the  head  of  which  is  the  man- 
ion  and  domain,  "  Sachem's  Wood,"  belonging  to  the  Hillhouses.  In 
[e  W.  part  of  tlie  city  is  the  Orphan  Asylum,  Alms  House,  and  County 
lison,  But  the  chief  interest  of  New  Haven  centres  in  and  about  the 
pblic  Green.      Here,  on  Cluirch  St.  is  the  City  Hall,  one  of  the  most 

?ant  municipal  buildings  in  New  England,  and  the  Tliird  Cong.  Church. 

iCliapol  St.  is  the  stately  granite  building  of  the  Am.  Lite  &  Trust 
The    Public    Green  itself  is.  a  great    lawn,   studded  witli  fine 

P,  and  often  used   for  parades.     The   North,    Centre,  and  Trinity 

phes  stand  in  line  near  the  middle  of  the  Green  (the  first  two  are 
and  the  last  is  Episcopal),  and  preserve  a  curiously  ancient  appear- 


woil 


,aV 


)  .1 


<:!! 


m 


go       Route  8. 


YALE  COLLEGE. 


Back  of  «.e  Centre  C.."rch  V'■-XX^ltn:u^  .to  ^l 
Tweira temtar  of  a  FO"'-"' "S'stlte  Council,  V.o  n.,!  t. 

::;rrarr*e'.onn..of 

Yale  college.  ,  „,  .„,™v.t 

,    ,,.  ,_  1700  ten  clersyn>cnvla..n«l  to  "'yt  !,„„,,  f  J\t  S'4™' 'i 


frforatlo...  ,..I>«'«  ,^-'"  '    e„titleJ  to  s'?,,"' l'.,„  cUe  witl,  the  m™l«\;,  ,, 


dat  more  than  tirty 


a^Jcoot.    Anddenve,,  I«;.";„"°,?^dtJo  ot.U*  ».oS„\°rrne«o.>c«c  .f  <« 


time,  till!  second  t«u  yi>  i„clndcs  S«»l| 

civilization."  ,    ■,,:„„.  frmitinE  on  College  ht.  inci  i 

c„,(.,e,bn,i^miw  *.;,,  ^^^   ,^„,  w'-y."°;  ^  '    ,'  „J 

-"ttXV  an^tn?  a  .vend,  pri.e  captn^l  by  a  Conn.     , 
'T,l!„  named  Connccticnt  Hall;       .  „„,  „."J"',l.i 

i.  ,821 1  and  .V..W.  ^^^W^^^^  ■;„!»,  and  arc  each  4  ^tone^J 
mostly  for  domutone,  and     c^       ^^^^^^  ^^  ^^  T' f  ,1   n    4 

College  St..  aocomn-odatms  89  ■  ^^^^,^„„,  "'"d  K*) 

"4r  ra"t:t  Va.  an*  ..fee  .  occnpted  1> 


1  fuvwll 
\m  "»  '.'4 

1  i'md  il«| 

eUc  of  *i 
IveUows?' 

Jour  la^^'  "'^ 


Itovles 


tfl 


YALE  COLLEGE. 


BBagaii 


Routes.       81 


lull  woiiej 


:hflpf 


are  '^y 


1  stone 

IS  Uiif" 
liU  in 


Chapel,  a  cruciform  sandstone  building  (seating  1,150  persons),  with  an 
ornamental  rounded  apse  and  two  small  towers. 

Back  of  the  ancient  halls  are  three  small  buildings,  of  which  that  nearest 
Diufeo  Hall  was  built  for  the  Trunibull  paintings,  and  is  now  occupied  by 
the  President's  and  Treasurer's  offices.  Tlie  next  is  the  Cabinet,  containing 
the  students'  reading-room,  &c.;  and  the  third  is  tha  Laboratory,  built 
in  1782  and  interesting  as  the  scene  of  the  labors  of  the  elder  Silliman. 
Just  beyond,  near  Chajiel  St.,  is  a  bronze  statue  (by  Lranit  Thompson,  in 
1874)  cf  Abraham  Pierson,  a  noble  old  Puritan  scholar,  the  first  Rector 
of  Yale  College. 

Tlie  *  Art  School  is  near  the  Pierson  statue,  at  the  comer  of  Chapel 
an.l  High  Sts.,  and  is  a  handsome  H-shaped  building  of  sandstone,  which 
CO  it  S  200,000,  and  was  completed  in  186(5.  There  are  30  students,  who 
occupy  studios  on  the  lower  floor,  while  the  upper  floor  is  devoted  to 
paintings,  statuary,  and  casts.  The  Library  is  N.  of  the  Art  School, 
fronting  on  High  St.,  and  is  a  Gothic  building  of  Portland  sandstone, 
containing  also  the  libraries  of  the  Linonian  Society  and  the  Brothers  in 
Unity.  The  college  owns  162,000  volumes,  including  20,000  in  the  pro- 
fessional schools.  Alumni  Hall  is  a  red-sandstone  building  in  semi- 
Gotliic  architecture,  with  two  turrets,  at  the  corner  of  High  and  Elm 
Sts.  Lecture-rooms  are  in  the  upper  story  ;  and  the  lower  hall  is  dec- 
orated with  portraits  of  benefactors  and  eminent  graduates  of  the  college. 
Huntington'' s  portrait  of  George  Peabody,  and  Sinibert's  Bishop  Berkeley 
are  interesting.  The  annual  examinations  and  the  Commencement  meet- 
1  ings  of  the  alumni  take  place  here.  The  college-grounds  cover  9  acres, 
inear  the  centre  of  the  city,  and  its  property  is  valued  at  upwards  of 
1  $5,000,000. 

In  the  Art  School  the  first  gallery  contains  70  -  80  paintings  loaned  by 
friends,  some  of  which  are  by  the  first  American  masters.  These  are  often 
withdrawn,  and  new  ones  are  added.     There  are  landscapes  by  Gifford,  Weir, 

Mncssii,  etc.  ;   and  large  c(i})ies  of  the  Madonna  «li  Foligno,  the  Trausfigura- 

itimi,  and  the  Last  Coiuinunion   of   St.  Jerome  ;   *  Autumnal  Scene,  Gifford ; 

lAimnoiioosnc  Valley,    Weir;   Taking  the  Veil,    Weir ;   and  a  large  nunilier  of 

irtiaits,  sketches,   &c.  by  Col.  Trumhull.     In  the  second  room  are  many  casts 

maiiti(iue  scii'.j-tures  ;  130,  cast  of  Jupiter,  after  Phidias;  1.'31,  Ilioneus,  after 

raitiies :  1^2,  Ruth,  Lomhardi ;  133,  Jei)hthah,  ^(((/iir;  135,  Edwin  Booth;  136, 

(1.  Tnunbull,  Ball  Hufjlics;  137-8,  busts  by  Powers;  130,  statuette  of  Apollo  ; 

head  of  Apollo  :  2,  ^Esculapius  ;  3,  the  River-God  of  the  Cephissus  ;  4,  Theseus, 

P/iiV/i(t.s;  5,  Victory,  o/^er  Phidias;  6,  Kanephora ;  7-28,  Panathenaic  pro- 

sion,  from  the  outeririeze  of  the  cella  of  the  Parthenon  ;  2!t-33  Combat  of  the 

|teks  iuid  Amazons,  from  the  frieze  of  the  Mausoleum  at  Caria.     In  tlie  corridor 

works  of  the  same  class  :    1,  east  from  Eleusis  ;  3,  4,  11,  Metopes  of  tlie 

iiMOum  ;  12,  13,  Combat  with   Centaurs.     In  the  third  room  is  the    famous 

arves collection  of  early  Italian  pictures  (fine  catalogue  and  "Manual  of  the 

tally  of  early  Christian  Art,"  for  sale  by  ineja.'itor).     Tlie  pictures  from  1  to  10 

Byzantine  Italian,  of  the  eleventh  and  twelfta  centuries  :  1,  an  altar-piece,  the 

4*  P 


4?ti 


F 


I  ■ 


i  I 


n 


\\ 


\ ) 


n 


r,'i 


'':! 


"l\  I 


w 


pi 

n 


.!, .   ;.' 


1  #' 


8,       i......  BOSTON  TO  NEW  YOUK.  ^  ^  ^   ^^^ 

George  killing  tl'f.  "'^''^    Mirioulous  Ai)l)earan(!e  oj  »»•  ^^^^    ,,,,  pi,a  ;  VI,  ulUu- 

Vrece  in  7  sections  ^f^  /^^^^  ^»'il'»^-^^"'''''VaU/  '20,  Vision  of  SUonu- 
14  Crucitixion,  and  >ia.™i  Anniiuciation,  '-"'^^^  K\' ,  '  „a  the  Arcluuif^el 
^"°%^^^'to'r«.W-^-'^^'  -k  n,'sS  Aa'^SSrLncia.O,.a.»'S 
r-l^-^  tle^Mnl/oinaandClnld,  &;^  i/"^ 5m  tbe  Baptist.  Oy.-/  ^^^^^ 
51  SS   Doniinic  and  Agnes  OmM/*«^^.  -j^^^.,^^  H^^ints    CVtj,ar«^     ^8    bt   1^^^^^^^  ^ 

deceiving  tl.e  f  !f '"/£:t,f  S^aUo ;  SI.  ^f »  i^i"^i,J(i,Io  ;  34.  Vision  of 
ofS.Gi..vanmOiulbut  .t        ^.^,^.^^„.  33   V^l  S    ni'tio"  of  the  V.rgn.    . b 
Adoration  of  "'«„*  ,  !,■  u..t-in   Aretino;  -55,  1''^  f''*'"''Y,_ /wgs   Venezuuw  ;  ■'>\ 
Constantine,  and  Fa  1  ot  Satan,  ^'«      i^eyosition  Irom  *!>«  ^y^J(         and  Cl.ilJ, 
^rcosn.0  and  ^^^^^^.S),  OerUiU  da  Fabna^,  J^.  ^^^f  Padua,  l^ra 
The  *  Triumph  ot  Lov^  ^ou  \-     yyhwa^  ot  Assisi-  /^'         ^     pariic((/c ;  «, 

>4w?cficoi?ai*ic,st'/c,  41,  111  3|„i.„,(.oio;  43,  44,  btents  u  Martm  and  the 

ffincy  of  S.  •V/.^"\-^'T.mman;ent  at  Horenee,  Pf"«  !^,  "V48 'The  Temptation  of 
nuwood,  Uccdh;  43.  l^"!"r'o'  e  in  f'^nance,  f^^'s'^'^Pn  nation  of  the  Vni^i". 
Bewb«UoDcn  ;  '^Vi    ;doSnonA»eMagi,and50  C^    ^^f^^^     Florentn.es 

f 'tntliony.  Sosf  ^ -■  ^ 'vttS  e  o    Siena  I'l^f '"» ,S?aom  .t  a  Bishop  ;  ,53,  St. 

before  G^^'^l^^^l '^^;m^mm^  ;  54,  Hernnt    ex  ^^'^    ,^  ^hild,  J»/a'(''V/!',;,'^''    ■- 
Antlumy  toinenttu   oj  ^ffui/q/ua;  •^J^  ^^'>'!,i     Madonna,  nintiifm'c;)"?;  A" 

Cosmo  dei  Medici.  /'«'^'°'^'^\'i,e   Death  of  Lueretua    Fa.ajt,     "^       ^^^^.^^    , 
sSfiano  del  Fiomho ;  10«- „^^^^^e  Crucifixion,  Paolo  \^\°'l^^l^^^oxe,  AijosUm 

Caraca;ll^..''"''fi     :i    ^.^j,  0   -^^•^'^'"-, ^     '    ^i- Thorns    wifcnon'ii;    1^^'  P.'„,ti,e 

SSeio^'SSv'.;'A'* ;  "»•  7'- 7;;::  „,  a^a  endowed  1„  « 1 

■^,  Sheffield  Sototiac  school »-  -  «,  ^^^  ,„  it  during  1-    ; 
,y  Mr.  J.  K.  SUcmeld,  "^ /;- f  7  ^  „.tly  buUdinJs,  at  the  h» 
and  a  still  larger  sum  at  h,3  deatlu  ^_^^  ^^^  ^,,,^^„„.    Tl.um 

College  St.,  wUh  "  P™  -°^i„\  t  W.  »ing  to  *emUtry  and  jl 
,„i,di„g  «/;™^*X;trSeum  ot  PraeUcal  Se.ences.  N.  Si  ^ 
lurgy;  'ind  the  L.  w  5  ,e<.,„rc-room,  to.  ^  jj 

'^"^riiv'S  Sch::UcUregatlonal)  was  louuded  >n  18.2, 


YALE  COLLEGE. 


Route  S.  82  a. 


and  "(A 


6  professors,  several  lecturers,  and  about  100  students.  The  E.  and  W. 
Divinity  Halls  are  on  Elm  St.,  opposite  Durfee  Hall,  and  are  of  brick, 
five  stories  higli,  with  class-rooms  on  the  lower  tloors.  The  pretty  little 
Marqnand  Chapel  is  attached  to  E.  Divinity  Hall.  The  Lowell-Mason 
iTHjsiciil  library  is  attached  to  this  institution.  Courses  of  lectures  are 
delivered  bei'ore  the  students  every  year,  on  the  Lynian-Beeciier  founda- 
tion. The  lecturers  include  some  of  the  foremost  divines  of  America, 
and  among  their  number  are  Henry  Ward  Beeclier,  Jolm  Hall,  W.  RJ. 
Taylor,  and  Phillips  Brooks.  The  Law  School  was  founded  in  1824,  and 
lia.s6  ]>rofessors,]0 lecturers,  and  69  students.  It  occupies  the  third  floor 
of  tlio  new  Court  House.  Tiie  Medical  School  was  founded  in  1810,  and 
has  8  professors  and  32  students.  Its  lecture-halls,  museum,  and  dissect- 
ing-room are  on  York  St.,  near  Chapel  St. 

The  Peahody  Museum  of  Natural  History  is  opposite  Alumni  Hall, 
at  the  corner  of  Elm  and  Higli  Sts.,  and  was  richly  endowed  by  George 
Peabody.  But  one  wing  has  been  completed  of  wiiat  is  to  be  an  immense 
and  imposing  Gothic  building.  The  college  collections  include  one  of  the 
best  niineralogical  cabinets  in  the  world,  begun  by  Silliman,  and  contain- 
ing tiie  Perkins,  Gibbs,  llazamousky,  and  Count  de  Bournon  collections. 
The  proceeds  of  the  annual  Yale  exploration  in  tlie  West,  American 
archaeology  and  ethnology,  zoology,  and  other  rich  cabinets  of  curiosi- 
ties are  arranged  here.  The  Museum  building  is  constructed  of  brick  and 
stone,  in  the  most  substantial  manner,  and  its  halls  are  adorned  with 
stained-glass  windows. 

The  Gymnasium  is  on  Library  St.,  opposite  the  new  Sloane  Physical 
Laboratory  (opened  in  1883,  and  well  equipped).  The  boat-house  of  the 
Yale  Navy  is  on  Mill  River.  The  Scroll -and-Key  Society  has  a  beauti- 
ful building  of  black  and  white  stone,  at  the  corner  of  College  and  Wall 
Sts.;  the  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon  has  a  mysterious-looking  structure  on 
York  St.,  near  Library  St.;  the  Psi  Upsilon  is  on  High  St.,  near  College 
M.;  and  the  SkuU-and-Bones  Society  has  a  windowless  editice,  like  a 
fflaiisoleum. 
Yale  College  now  contains  110  instructors,  and  about  1,100  students,  of 
lom  the  academic  department  has  31  instructors  and  about  700  students, 
le  Annual  Commencement  (last  Wednesday  in  June)  is  .  great  day  in 
Jew  Haven,  the  exarcises  being  conducted  mainly  in  the  Centre  Church 
lad  Alumni  HalL 


[Amoni,'  the  graduates  of  Yale  were  S.  P.  B.  Morse,  Eli  Whitney,  Wm.  Chau- 
FBrt,  James  I).  Uiiiiii,  Benjamin  Silliman  ;  John  C.  Calhoun,  James  Kent,  Wm. 
lEvavts,  Jeremiah  Ma.son,  T.  S.  Grimke,  Morrison  R.  Waite,  Edwards  Pierre- 
pit ;  Jonathan  Edwards,  Nathaniel  Emmons,  Timothy  Dwiglit,  Saumel  Hop- 
[iis,  X  W.  Taylor,  T.  D.  Woolsey,  Leonard  Bacon  ;  James  Hadley,  J.  D.  Whit- 


I  82  b.    R'^^^'^  ^- 


■IR' 


,141 


« 


ENVIRONS  OF  NEW  HAVES. 


the  coiner  01  V.  j^^^j^    g,.  j/a/J/s  u         chancl  «'"' ^Hve 

tots,  ih  t'  ci,-,,.ii4v  has  its  rooms  m  envivoiis  ot 

^°^°%rr 'S^-;*.io„  .  now  -^ -,:;:  :^  JLa*  a.e„™, 

lined  «Hh  ""-,/;„,  „,e.tly  te«.  e^.n.ng  ^tV  YoA  to  more 

,ars  every  20  mm.  ,^^^  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^  ,i,,,    of   East 
cotton-gm.      11^«  ,.o50  000,amlisalar.e 

Ro^^^-  .       •n«.«At  at  New  Haven  cost  !$  ^ov.,u     ,  ^^^ 

The  new  Union  Depot  at  i^^  ^^ected  on  made  land  ^^o";^'^      j 

East  Bock  and  the  reg        ^^^^  ^^^  iuipo.mg  mouume 


EuvironB  ol  sew  Haven. 

Cove  Houses  are  ^j^^  ^„  ^  long,  smooth,  curv    g 


-reen.     Savin  Rock 
Fst  the  waves,  and  stanci 


^    I 


i.-iiCfiL-'.^s^i?" 


ENVIRONS  OF   NEW   HAVEN.       Route  8.       83 


lie  pa^^'l 


Ba\e 

the  W 


iaml.  (The  suhurb  of  Fairhaven,  on  this  side,  is  famous  for  its  large  and 
dilicious  oysters.)  Fort  Wooster,  \\  M.  from  the  city,  was  built  in 
bll,  and  is  now  in  ruins  ;  a  noble  view  is  gained  from  the  hill  on  which 
it  stands.  About  200  yards  N.  of  this  Fort  was  tlie  cemetery  of  the 
Qniiinipiac  Tndi-ins.  l.j-'2  M.  from  this  point  is  Fort  Ilale,  wliich  was 
groatly  strengthened  during  the  war  of  ISGl  -05,  but  is  now  dismantled. 
The  East  and  West  Rocks  are  bold  and  lofty  masses  of  trap-rock,  on 
tlie  plain  near  the  city,  which  geologists  think  were  driven  up  through 
otlnr  strata  by  some  great  throe  of  the  central  forces.  They  form  th'i 
soutlieni  limit  of  the  great  system  of  mountains  which  extends  from 
Hereford,  in  Canada,  forming  the  valley  of  the  Connecticut  River,  which 
many  believe  once  Howed  between  these  cliffs  to  the  Sound.  East  Rook 
(carriage-road  to  the  top,  horse-cars  to  the  base  from  the  Green)  is 
]!j-2  M.  from  the  centre  of  the  city,  by  way  of  State  St.  A  small  stone 
hotel  is  on  its  summit.  An  extensive  *  view  is  afforded  hence,  embracing 
tlie  liroad  valleys  and  bright  waters  of  Mill  and  Quinnipiac  Rivers,  the  rural 
districts  of  North  Haven  and  Hamden,  ihe  high  hills  toward  Mount  Car- 
mel,  tlie  frowning  cliffs  of  West  Rock,  the  city  of  New  Haven,  its  har- 
bor, and  a  long  sweep  of  Long  Island  Sound. 

*We3t  Rock  (horse-cars  from  Chapel  St.)  is  2-2^  M.  N.  W.  of  the 
Green,  and  rises  sharply  from  the  plain  to  an  elevation  of  over  400  ft. 
Tlio  ascent  (difficult  for  ladies)  is  over  a  rugged  and  rocky  path  beyond 
the  (juarries.  The  view  from  the  summit  is  nearly  the  same  as  that  from 
the  East  Rock,  except  that  a  great  portion  of  the  Quinnipiac  valley  is 
hidden,  the  northern  mountains  are  differently  grouped,  and  the  western 
towns  are  unfolded  to  the  view,  A  hard  Avalk  of  15-20  min.  to  the  N. 
over  the  rugged  plateau  leads  to  the  Judge's  Cave,  a  small  cleft  in  a 
froup  of  boulders,  where  the  regicides-  Goffe  and  Whalley  were  hidden 
for  some  time  in  1661,  A  citizen  who  lived  about  1  M,  off  brought  them 
food,  until  one  night  a  catamount  looked  in  on  them  and  "blazed  his  eyes 
in  such  a  frightful  manner  as  greatly  to  terrify  them,"  W inter (jreen 
Ml  is  near  the  upper  base  of  the  rock,  and  above  it  is  a  dam  of  rock 
iffil  earth  3,500  ft,  long,  which  forms  a  lake  of  75  acres  for  the  water  sup- 
ply of  the  city.  Near  West  Rock  is  Mallhy  Park,  covering  800  acres, 
ith  3  M.  of  driveways,  and  the  city  water- v/orks.  At  the  foot  of  the 
ek  is  Westville,  near  which  is  "Edgewood,"  the  rural  home  of  Donald 
Mitchell  (Ik  Marvel),  the  author  of  "Dream  Life,"  "Reveries  of  a 
iachelor,"  and  other  charming  books. 

Savin  Rock,  4  M.  S.  W.  of  New  Haven  (horse-cars  from  the  Green 

•hourly)   is   the  favorite  resort  of   the  citizens.     The  road  passes 

itougli  West  Haven,  a  quiet  old  village,  with  a  tall  church  on  an  elm- 

*led  green.     Savin  Rock  is  a  bluff  promontory  pushing  a  rocky  front 

inst  the  waves,  and  stands  at  the  end  of  a  long,  sandy  beach  which  has 


Ur 


m 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YOBK. 


Se  "C  oar.  -f^l^^^Z^^^^^  w"^*  °'  --"''-'"■" 
wl,er»  300,000  gros»  ot  match  4  ^.^^^ 

„e  made  yearly,  &c.  „ilroa.lstation  near  tl  e  b.  J^ 

Haven  tl,e  Shore  >>  ^.^^^  ^,_^  ^^^  „,  the  Sp™o  j,  ,,,„ 

New  Haven  K.  B.,  0  j_j„^  „„te,    The  "rsi  ^ 

$ 2.00),  a  V^f^'^^  \  M.  loug.  ^  ,    ^  ^,,,  ,i,trict  was  settled 

with  an  enclosed  gitcn  ,  ^^^^  ^  ^  '^J'  ,l"uu      Tt>e  ofcuv^nou 

and  "a"»rl' '\,ccuiuaccor^^^^^^  is  the  \;"':iKXt   ve  arc  the 

»»».  ^r" "i     u  111  hy  ?!«"«;■."'■"'   C   1177.  200 


,  ;;.ui™  i-nt  i..'h.s  i'":;,";. ,  >  "»""'  •  ■'''^* 'IL ;,'  S  »»»■»*"' 


St.  Peter.  (Bpi-H>,r,t  S  the  .ra„,,uU  We,.owau^      «o  ,.,  ^ 
on  the  green  »'">  '"™"  ,„.„d  ou  the  hill  beyond.     A  la  g  __^^^ 

^hite  ehurehe,  l»V"'"''>  f  .""i^ge.    Charles  Inland  ,»    " ''^^f^luh. 
s,raw-good.  i»  "«'Ve  "  na«-  <>'  "«  '''""'r  ^  nTKolatonicKho., , 

Soon  alter  leaM' o  village  with  neitnti  .^     i 

pastor  was  Adam  B       _^       ^^^^.^^  j,„er  than  snow  ^^^ J 

snrrr  *deh  he  -^--;;r  t"v"*nt  on* 

Xreh  near  the  station^  ,?:J,n  Ep-™^""'"'^'" '"  ^^ 
(Columhla)  college,  »nd^  i:Sr^„reh^to«nded  1723).  ' 


f''o^•«   of  Ibrest-trdfes. 


BUIDGEPOKT. 


,Y/(-  oys£;  n  aT^ffi'st'"^-./"^  -^  P-oo  ol"?,  ^77 '  .^P^'-'^e  station 

n -t  i>i;;^;;:;^s  ^  ^.  ^i;:;"  j-  '•!•-'"  t{.'"i'::;;:;t::'i;!  n-  --pf-i  soon  nftor 

pn-.ition  of  so  acres  a   /',!/'  '.'"'"'•••■'I  wi-wan  o  u  .i^  '"  ^'"'^  <li'v.tion.     T  ,p  in 

"J-  »ii»  sent  hiXuii^  ,''■  '■'"'  "  "talc. "    h  nm    „„  V?"!''''  »■"<'  sJatal  in 
Gr)(l,!-eport  has   40  onn    •  i    ,  •  ^'''^^" 

;»'»  for  it,  Kieat  f.-.c.oric,  a,„„'°    ?•  ,         "  ''"""'^  '""''''"'K'-    It  ish 
;  '"'er  &  Wi,»„„  a,20o',;:  '  >%;  :'■  »-  "-  -"■i,«.„„,^t„e  w„,  ,  ^ 
and  me  J.  B.  Secor  Tn  .  iu    c  ""^'^  •^'•-  Machxine  (1  3nn  k      ,  ? 

;0(t  ;rn*''^''"''^  Cartridge  ctn  500  .""''?'""  Sp^ng  and  Axle 
..00  hands),  Bridgeport  Organ  Co   Lo'h^Tf^^'  ^  ^"'-^^^  companies 

"I''"}  line  monuments      l  i\t   i  "-^'x-eiery  ({,0  acres)  wlipro  +i 

»   t  of  „  ,„,,  ^  ^^^  ^^..^J\^Z\T  Z:^}  *'"=  """•<""  settle. 

f  "'■■■■•^  a  l,„e  of  „eat  cLurehe,     a   ^',  *'•  '"  P'"'-''"'''  *»  Main 

'»>)oml.     Oil  tlie  S.  of  tlie  pitv  ,1,  far-vieiviiig  Oij-llill  Ftill 

K  "Well  l,a.  a  t,„t,i,„.   In     *  '•*°"'"  °"  M"'"  S'-)  i^  «S  a  SW. 

h"'«nt  ad„,.„»l    wit,    r'*'''°™"''«'»=™Me  trees  aToU      ° 

ho"owst„e  cu,.:i"  ft":;:;:; :  "':f""''™'  -^a- '  r; 

I  S  Woad  vie,v.  over  ,|,e  So  ,„d  ,  ^ " ,°?''    "  ''"'"' '"''  ™"''y  1  M 

;  1;:;:':":  °'  '"^  °"  '■"'  -  ^«'  vi! , " ''°"-  "-"■'^^ 

"*■"'• -——.-., .tMaee.  cap. 


\r  , 


\\ 


I    -      ^' 


M^ 

^m 


\  fc 


li:t'' 


JJO  Vi«>"^«  ^• 


FAIHFIELD. 


«"        -  ,  ,0,0      Fairflfld  l8  ji\8t  1.0^ 

Ti  ;\,  t.>w<T.'(l  umiisiou  of  ^'    ,  •  ,.,,t,anrouiiilHwlii<l»''   .  .^  as  H\>(«wiuai>  ir 


ciirr'T  un  n. ..•••■ 

1„  1844  Rarnum  t ^»^  '^ ^f^,  in  IHH'i     '"  ,  f fj  Bume  «t.auro  us  hiiu^tlt, 


*° U   ilroaclH*    The  N'i«l?ftt"<'^."'_,„  i..,i   N.iuisatiick   R>^Tm   /Um.te  IT). 

1.1. »      «<t\1 


?IoSarici;^'£  rut  from  BriageportoUt.^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^ 

Z  next  station  U  near  tvanc^^        ^^  ^^^^^^  ,„  --^.1!^^^' 

nllle,  each  ^i;)-;^^^;;,::ti;ut;U^  .ad  careful  '-l^-^Xtr:.: 
v-ilh  a  beautiful  «tre«tlmtdw        ^^^^^  Congregational  LlmcUc  ^^ 

on  the  Green  a-  t  »^^  ^P/Y^^.^^  ^e.troycd  by  the  Urdish  A.  1>. 

July7.l770.TryonwjthW«He9^^       and  burned  200 
Haven,   anded  here,  «;lf^,i,y  beginning.  - 


Yi-nshoa  warm  wncn  ur       .       \je, 
Uose  i»j  .  .    jeniarks  . 


"•i^Vrthy  tall  Bp.res.a..u  ..    -        ^^^^^^^^^  .  ^ 


Another  poet  01  v..a.^.. 

Green  is  B"™*  "'    n   are  Samp  Mortar  Bo*  (a JF«    1  (,,,J 

SOU,.,    some  ™>-  ^;„  Vre'u.  ^ian.  I-^^^^vhere  1..  " 
on  whose  tor  w  a  top  n  ^^.^^  ^^^^  srtUi^^     „  t,,is  jo,^ 

f  1,1  nm  where  Presi.lent  D'»  o        „  Grceniiehl  HiH.      "" 

*»«...«  station  and  vmage  IS  2  M.f. 


"'I  "I'Ntiiiate  attac 


I' 


BOHION  TO  NEW  YOKK. 


Route  8. 


«i«l  »e.r  the  station  I.  ,  ' ''       '*'' 

Station,   S.   Norwalk   ri/-  ;     ,  J'^^oiptiau 

'""■Kthe„20&,„ilk.,.    j„|,.    ,    ,'",''■'?.  ""^  torn,  ws  incomor, /Z 
'"'«  "-  Village,  „.ee„„,"    i  ,  '    "  '  To™'»  Ile.,,,a„s  „l„„„, t  "1 ,'] 

h ,  orecw  by  M,,   |^;„  ["^  '°""««'<."l  with  which  i,  a  mcrt'tv 

hinavaultheneath.  r't,  e      W;  VTr"'  "', '"'  """'-""'   t 
1;  "ch.    Near  t|,e  Nomton  statioT,  r.     ,       ""  "' "'"'  '"'"».  Riven  by 
^-mege„t,e„,a„.    This  in  ti  l",  „    Cfil  '"","  "»"-V'  fo.ndj 
I    ""■'  "">i"t<!nance  of  soljior,'  ol^  I         ,  "'"""i-^"""  for  the  edu. 
I'I'Tter,  a  home  for  tabled  lo  1^      .«  '    "  "  """'■  "-^  >  change  iu 
r  "  "'"'"'d  .0  the  home  "  d  tan  be"n''7°''"*"'rr™  h 


'  i 


>"  * 


f,  .1, 


,:•    * 


'■'I 


g8      HiMte  8, 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


ili:--: 


w 


3   M     beyond    Horoton,  the  '^^^^^^t^^!^^ 

tovor  upon  it,  and  tonng  the^    1 2»  y^^^^^^_^     jj^_^^^  «"V     "v  r     3 
the  villas  and  parks  ot  N.w  »orK  b  „j,„  ^jg  over  l.,N 

b  Jtailt,  broad  avenv.es  are  tad  o„t  and  h  P^^^^  __,  ^^y,,  rf 
i„l  aMtants.  St.  Andrews  (E^^'->  ^  ™f  ^l.e  Univ.  Cl.urcl,,  ne»^ 
'-'-•  """r.r  JtrX:  .rJatbollcs  are  raising  a  large  c„u. 
a  hantisome  stone  t)Uuaiiio> 


on  t!ie  road  from  the 

stuiie,  150  ft.  front  a: 

f'le  village  (^M.  fro, 

M'itI)  a  fountain.     Aj- 

many  fine  villas,  anio 

New-Yorkers  come  h( 

;"'?/V«<(li_2M.  f 

from  wJicse  beach  a 

House  mO-15  a  weeii 

Col    Abraham  Davenp 

tiire,  then  m  session  ;  am 

•'•'Un"i"t.anarIjournme 
'••ilm".,- the  fears  of  the 

«ii  aj  journnient.     The  L 
'^  not,  tliere  is  no  cause  fr 

Si' tL  tf  "'^'''  *^''^ 

"We  tlie  thoine  of  a  fine 

^ew  Canaan,  a  quiet  co 
Stution.s,  Cos  Cob  (viU 

arid  (irecnicich. 
I  ^i^W,  and  in  ItJoO  was  ar 
h  session  at  Hartford  as 

age,  a  de.sperate  battle  la 

euveen  the  Dutch  and 
■^\N.  of  the  station, 

'""•cl.,  built  of  gray  rubl 
i)'n-egularfro...,a],ih 
r*.    Ti.is  tine  edifice  i, 
f^  t'"^  Sound,   resemi 
If  Danube.     Near  this  i.s 
N  grove  on  the  ridge, 
\Y Lenox  House  iUO  f, 
Nwniter-hotelonPutnar 

I  ,  ■  -^"t'laiu  l'«st  2  can 
t  a  ^,*'"^*henextdav 
r^a-'ford.  and  captured  1 

I E- of  the  Greenwich  sta 


-aae 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Route  S.       89 


tieav 


on  the  road  from  the  station.  A  fine  new  Town  Hall,  of  brick  and  Ohio 
stoiifi,  ISO  ft.  front  and  with  a  tower  100  ft,  high,  rises  iu  the  centre  of 
t'ii'  village  (h  M.  from  tlie  station).  Near  it  is  a  small,  triangular  park 
M'itli  a  fountain.  A  pleasant  drive  is  that  on  the  New  Haven  road,  passing 
111, my  fine  villas,  among  which  is  Quintard's  stone  chateau.  1000-1500 
New-Yorkers  come  here  during  the  summer,  many  of  whom  stop  at  Ship- 
pm  Piiint  {\^-2  M.  from  the  station),  wnere  is  the  large  Ocean  House, 
from  whose  ])each  a  pi'etty  still-water  view  is  afforded.  The  Hamilton 
House  ($10-15  a  week)        is  a  favorite  summer-resort  on  Noroton  Hill. 

Col.  Abraham  Davenport,  "a  man  of  stem  integrity  and  generoug  benevo- 
kiKc,"  was  bom  at  Stamford  in  1715,  and  was  for  25  years  in  the  State  legisla- 
ture. On  the  memorable  Dark  Day,  May  19th,  1780.  great  fear  fell  on  the  legisla- 
ture, then  in  session  ;  and  iu  anticipation  of  the  approacli  of  the  Day  of  universal 
.l,iil:iin!ut,  an  adjournment  was  moved.  The  brave  old  man  arose,  and  thus  spoke, 
(liming  the  tears  of  the  legislators,  and  continuing  the  session  :  "  I  am  against 
iiu  ailjournment.  The  Day  of  Judgment  is  either  approacliing,  or  it  is  not.  If  it 
is  not,  tliere  is  no  cause  for  an  ad.journment.  If  it  in,  I  choose  to  be  found  doing 
liiy  duty.  I  wish,  therefore,  that  candles  may  be  brought."  This  scene  has  been 
iiiiile  the  tlKime  of  a  line  poem  by  Whittier.  Col.  Davenport's  sous,  James  and 
liilin,  were  ,  Jicers  in  «.he  Revolution,  and  afterwards  members  of  Congress  (1796- 99 ; 
17iy-1817).    His  great-grandson  was  living  in  Stamford  in  1884. 

Steamers  leave  Stamford  for  New  York  daily.  A  Railroad  runs  from  this  point 
to  New  Canaan,  a  quiet  country  town  8  M.  to  the  N. 

Stations,  Cos  Cob  (village  N.  of  the  railroad,  on  the  Mianus  Eiver), 
ami  Grccnnich.  Greenwich  was  settled  in 

WW,  and  in  ItJyO  was  appoiiited  by  the  Anglo-Dutch  frontier  commission 
I  in  session  at  Hartford  as  the  W.  limit  of  Conn.     Somewhere  in  this  early 
age,  a  desperate  battle  lasting  all  day  was  fought  on  Strickland's  Plain, 
[between  the  Dutch  and  Indians.      The  village  stands  on  rolling  hills, 
l|  -M.  N.  of  the  station.      15  min.  walk  to  the  E.  is  a  stately  Cong. 
ICliurch,  built  of  gray  rubble,  with  deep  transepts,  a  wide  and  picturesque- 
ly irregular  fro.  .,  a  high  pointed  roof,  and  a  fine  stone  spire  in  open- 
I'^'ik,    This  fine  edifice  is  on  a  high  hill,  and  may  be  seen  for  leagues 
loii;,'  the  Sound,   resembUng  some  pilgrimage    church    on    the    Seine 
[ir  Danube.     Near  this  is  the  exquisite  Christ  Church  (Epis.)in  a  shel- 
ved grove  on  the  ridge,  built  of  gray  stone  trimmed  with  Caen  stone. 
\ii* Lenox  House  (150  guests;  $4  a  day)  is  a  fir8t<'lass  summer-resort 
"111 winter-hotel  on  Putnam  Hill,  i  M.  from  ilie  station. 

I A  few  rods  beyond  (tp  the  E.),  on  the  r.  of  the  road,  is  an  old  cemetery,  where 

|wl  the  church  iu  1779,  near  which  Gen.  rntnum,  with  6;)  militia-nien,  fought 

IJ'lvauviiig  force  of  dragoons  until  the  last  moment  possible.     Then,  since  to 

|Jnvu  by  the  curving  road  (the  present  road  is  modern  and  more  direct)  would 

!>wliiiii  to  a  clo.se  tire  from  many  of  the  enemy,  he  galloped  his  horse  down 

''tqii  built  in  the  steep  hillside  for  the  church-goer.s.     The  British  cavalry 

Jta  volley  after  hint  ( )ne  shot  piercing  his  hat),  but  dared  not  follow,  althougii 

)  or  three  dragoons  of  Lafayette's  escort  to  the  place  (in  1824)  perfoi'uied  the 

fsitely.    Putnam  l'<st  2  cannon  here,  but  his  nu;n  mostly  escaped  to  the  adja- 

lswaiii[).s,  and  the  next  day  Old  Put  attacked  Tryon's  rear-guard  with  a  force 

"liitaiiiford,  and  captured  38  men. 


[r^rcte  c\i^^^'W'  E.  of  the  Greenwich  station  is  Iihiian  Harbor,  on  a  point  near  which 


'I 


'"if 


■  •' 


:^' . 


if- 


'\  *• 


%     % 


'i!       .; 


■'%  \ 


NEW  BEDFORD. 


y 


QO     lloute  9.  .     „   I 

Vi      leirant  *  IniHan-TInrhor 

J  M.  iron.  ^  ^^j^x^^^rix^^^^ 

Wenm  g'f^^*  :'  *^ttslS)g,  and  80  acres  of  nch  lawn 
tra,  boating;,  /'^^f  '"f  ^'"    *"  .,  ^  -n^^-am  River,  and 

views  from  the  hotel.  .     crosses  the  liyram  , 

Toon  after  leaving  Greenwich  tie  ^J*  .^^^  ^^^^j.^y  Head     in 

Soon  aixti  .^  ^^^,^  to  stretcn  .     Westchester 

^^^^"7?;t   B^I;.  Rivev."    Stations    ^^^^.^^^^^^^^^ 

"'""?   X  YorCDe  Soto  House),  a  ^^^^^f^ronecU,  "the  place 
County,  Newjtoii  \  ^  ^^  the  station),  Mav  ^^^^^^^ 

(With  a  tine  beach  2  MS      ^^^^^^^^^^,,,    ^--^^^^^^tv^ewasset- 


aius  to  England,  auu  ^^^^^^^^  ,,  , 

Harlem  Biver,  and  st»P'  f 
NewVork,seeI!,oute61. 

9.  Boston  to  Hew  Bedford. 

This  being  the  f^"'^^^  "'^"'^  °  In  the  Revolution  the  pla         1 

named  fti  comrliment  to  them^  ^.^.^^^  ^^^,^^             gad  0        1 

it  (in  the  autumn  ot  17 /b),  | 


IrilSi 


BOSTOJf  TO  NEW  BEDFOKD         ;,    . 

^^'"*        Routed.      91 
stores.    In  colonial  fi  * 

fov„la«o„ar^  War  b  mV^  :,:,;;~''  ,7™  >-'  out  after  wh,fe     t1,» 
M»T,  .„cre  were  3i„  J  a^"       /™"  '  |,»  1-t  pene.raM     ;^',^;'  f 

"«nfIoah  "  destroved  «  i         ^'"^««'«n  ^V^ar  the  Confederaf  ''''^'^' 

I  -;.er,  :tc..uf  .£:t:'::^;rr"=.  --^-tr-er'i-.fjr 

r-  -  "^:r;.ri-f;tS  1  «■.»  ^--  H^-,  near  .-. 
,  " » "o^opolitan  air ahvay,  bw' °   ""'""«  '"  *>>»  water's   d^T     If 

Ilea' :f';'^  "  P'^"'-'.  ""O  cCfst  :7"f  "*  •f'-^  "Pi- 
ll '",•  !,  ""  """'"'«  aristocracy  when™  T  i  1  °*  '"'*  '''^'"'y  old 
Nu„3  "a  cityof  palace,,..  'n^.^'^Z  l^''^''  Stuart  Wortley 
r  ^rclutectural  boulders"  J 7  '^  ""'^  "''S  ""  on  the  m„,l„l  „f 
h  the  coast.     The  Ci  y  Zx  7Tl  "  ""'  •'«'"'™'  «*"S  rt 

fefor°"'tr  ""'""'ttosa:   Cte^ia,"  8^"^  ^"*-«'  ""* 
kl     ^e  r?f  ""^  ^"■I  Srace,  esTeeialW    h      '  "'""™'>es  are 

r'l  ^  Bay,  and  is  bordered  by  a  ll,  I  '"''  '''"■*  '"tends  into 

r"l«»«e  by  the  city  to  give  L„'  7  ',;'"""'"'  ""^-  ™>>rt™cted  at 


ii- 


I     I 


sir  I? 


92       Uoule  'J. 


ELlZABEril   loLA^^DS. 


^    ^„„  nf  the  militia,  fearing  not, 
But  Major  Fearing  ol  me 

^^ni  an  inferior  soil,  wnu  n  i        nnvtnioutli  siioie  nim 

1    one  year  (1843)  six  s«"?^'-  '>»  ^^i1  .^a  for  30c.  a  barrel.  ^^^^^^  g. 

1^  Vo()  barrels  of  these  fish,  ^\»  !         „t  on  the  O.  f^;, ^^r 'U;, „  varcl.     Upon  Iravmg 


lives 
tl.e  oVl*^™"^^  "N.m  ^vith  a  comvany  s; 


mmBmmm 

within  a  few  weews  uii- 1  merry  elnb  oi  ^;'^^,   ,,.,,,. „,.iiv'  about  lO"  '"^"^i 

The  islan.l  is  now  occuino     >y  *^^f  p^nikese  IsUukI  J^""  «;'"-,, „  (hi  April,  IM!^ 

Vineyard  ^^"""'Ji'.f .'  < '^hat  scenes  cati^JJ^^^,,      ^^  there  )^'f  \«^^  'ti.o  .av* 

^"  ^^"tJS  of  the  niighty  waves     ot^^^^^ 

pxnansive  view  v^i  _  v  novaru  bouuu  .        ,^:„„  over  a  snoai  oi  ^^  ,  ■ 


>'Hovm:svK  TO  worcjstkr. 


■^'t'^iitc  JO.      y;j 


v-w .a,.„il^'f^--  to  Worcester. 

rri        .,  ■  "•' 4*^M.,  Fare$i.20 

Ine  railroad  follows +!,«  1- 

Uo»s,  Pa>vt„ck„t,  Valley  Ms  »,      '7."'  "'"  '^'»«'«'°ne  nlf;  %;:"• 

tlie  iirst  settler  of  Bosfm.        ^      ,  '  *°  ^^'^"^Ji  Willia,,,   T^in  ,    I 

,:;';«  .-n.     Within  a  rajt  ^f       ;"';::!?''"«»•  "  ""•"n.g  .         a  . 
"",000  inliabitants.     I„  f],„  +  '*•  """i  the  centre  of  tha  + 

isumoags,  JO  tons  cottoii-wam    1  (inn  .  "'"' ""■'""'"ires,  100  000 

«.ms  cloths  are  maJe  here     T  1  J       ,  .  ""  "'  '""l'-     '■"■«  celebraM 

I*l.»<ls.    The  town  has  Lc^a  f  :"'  «'"»  I--  M.OOO  spinj*:  ,t 

l»."o„s  who,  a„,,i       J      gr  at  feM-""'""""'"  ""'  """or,  of  he' 

|pj>.cmight,ive."   T,,eHl;    tSr^rr  T  ''"^  '■-' ' « 

i«//(/«s( )  and  MiUrilh  ir)         }^^^  ^Massachusetts      Blonv  * 
t"»'7'c  t,,"h..-      '•',""' -^'ilf""!  (!J"J  M)'Sr,  ';!  '/"o"  (Warren 


.'  :  I  ■ 


•    4 


^\ 


tU'. 


u^: 


,!'■ 


94      Route  !!• 


PROVIDENCE  TO  HABTFOKD. 


,     M.nce  to  Haxtford  and  NewDtogt. 
11.  Providence  \o  t^  ,, 

•  UK      To  Ilavtfovd,  90  ^; '  '      ' 

"""'^  T  W    "Provi  once  «.e  t««  pa..-  *»  **-  ^,,„   ,, 

After  leaving  r'"^     .        nniilnicli,  Antuon>,  „  viUafos  in  tk 

S„nn,.it,  a>.d  G'^'""'      „     „,d  several  of  "'"»  "      c,,,„e  the  tmi. 
exten.i»e  l«^vn  "    «^°"*,\L,     Shortly  after  l»'!^J'o„,eo,  Sterltog, 

-"°"  rU:  rc  "ttU  and  P»»;«r  ^  rinL  district  .. 
enters  the  State  oi  ^^^^^  station  is  in  ^  ^^tti^i 

Q„iumtoug,  *»''   ™  ""  Iron,  the  peat  q™"  ^f^/;.  CouncctW.- 
;^y  Massachnsetta  r  °P;-tUecolonlalerathe  ••  toP^^^^^^         ,.  ,^     ,„,, 

I"-°''r'V  d'tte  Notich  a,>d  Worcester  B^^-  «  J,,  Baltic,  W*>. 
At  PlamfieW  tue  i^  „.„-Kurv,  Jewett  City,  i-"  '  p^vis  on  ot 
pa-^*»^'^^"=:;;.^t:rtsSthcKe«T.o;>;lo.^^^^^^^^^  ,„„. 


nBeld  the  '^"■"'"- T„„  Jewett  City,  '-''™"  ,' ";:  p  vision  «l 
passing  the  f^^^^X^:^  *»  ^'^  ^"'rto  "  ""  ■'''»' » 
the  Vermont  Central  j.  ^j  tne  s.xu  located  onl 

re«:tlotr';i..affo^ed-J^^^^^ 

Udin  "»»;'-"^-J,ta;tlc,  .hich  is  !'-«•"*  :,.S  towu^ 

event  has  been  dnly  attcste  ^    i„.now  passes  Aiidove  ,  i 

:Ichianeplo  ot 30  stanzas  Jta^j^^^^^^ 

,vhich  is  Bolton  K°'*v"nou  a  branch  track  f  M' ™=>'  ,„,  J 

cut),  a"i  Vemon     A  J  ^,^         "?   "Huch  make,  «J 

,,„«p„rons  --f*™'^,i  Vernon  is  Ma"*7,'5;tns  of  bool.,. 
HocUanuon  Itoe..         »        cK),000  pairs  of  '°*^'  '^^^^,  nations.    ^^ 

thence  a  ^-^^^renty  V°*«'-    ^"''  .^T;^  fa  d  X-  H 
sllk-xvorksof  th  .Che.«>  ^riness  m  H7t>.  a»  ,,,^1 

«''n'':^!:rtm"  X:  yeany  Pvod«.»-  rb^^a,.; 

''°''       L  tons  of  maniUa  paper,  "■"!  S""      ,  ,t„et  lined  mt*  J 
'""'"'.flTE  Hartford,  with  a  -"^^-f^^l  p„a„nk  to<UanV 


•x'ma 


AND  WATERBURY. 


Route  11.       95 


IndiaiiSi 


chief,  Totanimo,  could  bring  200  bowmen  into  the  field.  The  train  now 
crosses  the  broad  Connecticut  River  and  enters  the  city  of  Hartford  (see 
Route  21).  Connections  are  made  here  with  the  New  Haven,  Hartford, 
anil  Siiringfield  R.  R.  (Route  21,  for  New  York  or  Boston)  ;  also  with  the 
Conn.  Western  (Route  20)  and  the  Conn.  Valley  (Ro\ite  14)  Railroads. 
From  Hartford  the  line  runs  by  Newington  to  New  Britain  {Strickland 
ILv'.sf),  a  wealthy  and  working  town.    Tlie  water-supply 

is  from  a  large  reservoir  some  200  ft.  above  the  village.  In  the  centre  of 
the  town  is  a  spacious  square,  adorned  with  trees  and  fountains,  and  near 
its  end  is  the  elegant  and  imposing  S.  Cong.  Church.  In  the  same  vicinity 
is  tlie  State  Normal  School.  The  products  of  the  industry  of  Now 
Britain  are  varied  and  extensive.  The  Russal  and  Erwii'  Co.  employs  500 
iiiL'n  in  5  acres  of  works,  and  sends  out  millions  of  dollars'  worth  of  locks, 
wliicli  are  \ised  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  Hardware,  luce,  hose,  merino 
goods,  gold  Jewelry,  and  knives  are  made  here  in  large  quantities. 

Elihii  Burritt,  the  "learned  blacksmith,"  was  born  at  New  Britain  in  1811.  At 
the  a:,'e  of  16,  he  was  api)rentieed  to  a  blacksmith,  and  followed  that  trade  for 
many  years.  Dcsiriuj?  to  read  the  Bible  in  its  original  lauf^iiages,  he  mastered  the 
Gruck  and  Hebrew  by  evening  studies,  and  acquired  such  a  philological  taste, 
that  he  afterwards  became  familiar  with  all  the  principal  ancient  and  modern 
langu•l.^'es.  Ho  became  an  earnest  advocate  of  universal  peace,  temperance,  and 
the  abi)litiou  oF  slavery,  and  published  a  paper  and  several  books  in  defence  of 
tlicse  movements.  After  making  several  visits  to  Eurojje,  he  became  U.  8.  Con- 
sul at  Birmingham. 

At  Plainville,  the  next  station,  the  New  Haven  and  Northampton  R.  R. 
I  (Route  15)  crosses  this  route.  Many  carriages  are  made  in  this  village. 
At  Forestville,  Bristol,  and  Terryville  stations  are  many  large  clock-fac- 
tories, where  every  variety  of  clocks  are  made.  After  passing  several 
[flag  stations,  the  train  stops  at  Waterbury  (Earle  House;  Scovill), 
la  prosperous  city  of  22,0t)0  inhabitants,  on  a  narrow  plateau  at  the 
Ijunction  of  the  Mad  and  Naugatuck  Kivtrs.  The  principal  streets  di- 
Iverge  from  Centre  Square,  a  small  but  well-kept  greeu,  on  which  front 
IwoCong.  churches,  the  new  and  ehgant  building  of  the  City  Hall,  and 
pt.  Jolui's  Episcopal  Church.  The  latter  is  called  the  finest  church  in 
lie  State,  and  is  built  of  granite  and  Ohio  stone  in  the  pointed  Gothic 
Ityle.  The  shar^Wy  pointed  ceiling  is  highly  ornamented,  and  the  spire 
m  ft.  high)  uplifts  a  massive  stone  cross.  Tiie  Silas  Bronson  Library, 
p  gift  of  a  New  York  gentlemen,  contains  13,000  volumes  and  is  free  to 
pe  citizens.  St.  Margaret's  School  (Episcopal  diocesan)  is  on  the  hill 
hr  the  square. 

|The  manufacturing  interests  of  the  city  employ  a  capital  of  nearly 

i,00O,OOO.     $  2,000,000  are  invested  in  the  brass-works,  besides  which 

|ere  are  5  button-factories,  2  clock-factories,  and  works  which  turn  out 

at  quantities  of  wire,  steel  traps,  hooks  and  eyes,  hoop-skirts,      d  kero- 

k  fixtures.  The  American  Pin  Co.,  the  Benedict  and  Buruham  xixig.  Co., 


ii; 


. 


■  i . 


'i  ii« 


96      Moute  12, 


NORWICH. 


rf 


I^W' '' 


1'1 

f  i 


and  the  Waterbury  Brass  Co.,  have  their  works  here.  Silver-plated  ware 
is  made,  also  the  best  quality  of  steel  rolls.  6  M.  N.  E.  (tri-weekly  stage) 
is  the  ancient  hill-town  of  Wolcott,  Alcott's  "  New  Connecticut." 

Tliere  is  a  pleasant  drive,  much  of  the  way  on  tlie  quiet  and  embowered  rlvor-roiKj, 
to  tlie  Riverside  Cemetery  (lA  M.),  a  small  but  pictureoiiue  rural  grouud  among  tlio 
forest-covered  hills  S.  of  the  Naugatuck  River. 

At  Waterbury  the  line  crosses  the  Naugatuck  R.  R.  (see  page  111),  and  runs  S,  W. 
and  W.  to  Iliiwleyville,  on  the  Ilousatouic  R.  R.  (see  page  114);  Danbury  (see  v'ufe'e 
lltj);  Brewster's  (on  the  Uarlem  11  H.  and  N.  Y.  City  and  Nortliern  R.  R.);  Ilope- 
well  Junction  (on  tiie  Newburgh,  Dutchess,  and  Conn.  R.  R.);  Fishklll,  Matti?;uv;i!i, 
and  Fishkill-ou-lludsou.  At  the  iutler  point  pu;jheugers  arc  ferried  across  the  llial- 
BOD  U.  Newburgh. 

12.   New  London  to  Vermont. 

Via  the  New  London  Northern  Division  of  the  Central  Vermoat  Railroad,  New 
Loudou  to  Uruttleboro',  121  M.     Fare,  v  3.(30. 

The  train  leaves  the  Shore  Line  Station  at  New  London.  Beautiful 
views  of  the  broad  and  expansive  Thames  on  the  E. ;  so  a  seat  should  be 
secured  on  the  r.  side  ot  the  car.  Near  Mohegan  is  the  old  Mohegan  reser- 
vation, wlicre  82'1  Indians  of  that  tribe  were  numbered  in  1774.  Aftur 
passing  Waterford,  Moutville,  Massapeag,  Mohegan,  and  Tlianiasville, 
the  train  crosses  the  Yantic  lliver,  and  enters  Norwich  (  Wauretjan  Ilmise, 
$  2.50  -  ^  3.00,  corner  Main  and  Union  Sts. ;  Union-Sqmtre  ;  Meti-op»litan; 
American  House ;  Chelsea,  House).  Norwich  is  a  city  of  22,000  inhab., 
with  its  streets  terraced  on  a  steep  acclivity  facing  to  the  S.  over  llie 
lake-like  Thames,  of  which  a  local  writer  claims  that  "not  Uichnioiid 
Hill  itself,  or  Greenwich  observatory,  looks  on  a  Thames  more  fiiir." 
The  situation  of  the  city  is  indeed  beautiful,  being  on  high  ground  be- 
tween the  Yantic  and  Shetucket  Rivers,  which  here  unite  to  form  the 
Thames.  The  business  part  of  Norwich  is  in  a  semicircle  of  which  IMain 
St.,  from  Franklin  Square  to  Central  Wharf  Bridge,  is  the  chord,  and 
beyond  this  the  residence-streets  rise  in  terraced  lines.  The  banks,  stores, 
and  hotels  are  mostly  in  the  district  between  Main  St.  and  the  rivers. 
The  city  and  county  buildings  are  neat  and  substantial,  and  thcie  are 
two  or  three  fine  churches. 

Washington  St.  and  Broadway  are  noble  avenues  lined  with  large 
and  secluded  ohl  mansions.  The  former  street  runs  near  the  Yantic, 
passing  the  ivy-clad  Christ  Cliurch  (Epis.),  and  ends  at  Williams  Park,  or 
the  Parade,  near  which  is  the  mansion  of  the  Revolutionary  General  Wil- 
liams, and  the  imposing  building  of  the  Free  A  cculemy.  The  latter  is  n 
mixed  school,  of  high  grade  and  of  a  wide  reputation.  Turning  to  tlie 
from  the  Parade,  Williams  St.  (opposite  the  Academy)  leads  to  a  pretty 
rural  cemetery  on  the  hills  over  the  river.  In  this  vichiity  were  tlie , 
Yantic  Falls,  wliose  praises  have  been  sounded  by  Mrs.  Sigourney  anJ 
others,  both  in  prose  and  verse.  A  deep  cutting  in  the  hard  rock,  ami 
curiously  piled  and  water- worn  boulders,  are  all  that  remain  of  "tlie 


hvilmg  cJiff«,  t,„ 
tlic  rr,aring,  fo,i„^j 
•^'•i^ts  wandered  ai 
"'f"  «n  artiiiciai 

toalargechus.^ero 
ber  poods,  corks,  i 
l'«;"-"'-,  envel02,es,  ., 
tnb.itary  viJla^.^s 

•■'s  "  S'']>uicljj-ai  -ro 
nMnliy  rcservcf  b 

l^  '"u-ied  ],ere,  fron. 

yn\  down  to  Ma. 

f'le  presence  of  26    3 

;;  Jlie  ancient  mo„;,n 
°^^'"^''^«.     (Its  found 

'"■''til"  thZn.     '"'  "'■•^  lail 
«'''V'Mv.    op''°''.''"'i'-tovj 

r''''asa/n    /'''f''*^''«^if| 
|f"%ntof  t    .  V    '*tJie,,e], 

h'«  ^<\n3  S\^,Sl 


NEW  LUN DUN  TO  VEJiMONT,       Jtouie  U. 


97 


Y  antic, 

I  Pavl^,  Of 

eraHVil- 

littev  is  a 

to  0>i!  '■ 

a  vve*^y 
tlie 


weve 

rock,  an'^ 
of  "t^'« 


Ijcftling  clitfH,  tlio  compressed  channel,  the  confused  mass  of  granite,  and 
tliu  roaring,  foaming  livor,"  by  wliic'-  a  former  generation's  "lone  enthu- 
siasts wandered  ami  dreamed."  The  river  lias  been  <lamnied  and  diverted 
into  an  artilicial  channel,  through  which  it  aft'ords  a  heavy  water-power 
to  a  large  cluster  of  factories  below.  Fine  wood-carving  machinery,  rub- 
ber goods,  coiks,  iron  ])ipes,  fdes,  blankets  and  cari)ets,  tlax  and  twine, 
pajtor,  envelopes,  and  cotton  goods  are  manufactured  in  Norwich  and  its 
tributary  villages.  On  Sacheiu  St.,  near  the  site  of  the  Falls,  is  a  little 
cemotery  in  a  cluster  of  pine-trees.  This  spot  was  chosen  centuries  ago 
as  a  sepulcliral  ground  for  the  "blood  royal  of  Mohegan,"  and  has  been 
carcl'idly  reserved  by  the  tribe  ever  since.  Many  of  the  Grand  Sachems 
are  l)uried  here,  from  those  earlier  chiefs  of  whom  earthly  history  has  no 
record  down  to  Mazeen,  the  last  of  the  line,  who  was  buried  in  1826  in 
the  presence  of  25  -  30  of  the  feeble  remnant  of  the  tribe.  In  the  centre 
of  tlie  ancient  monuments  stands  a  massive  obelisk  erected  to  the  memory 
of  Uncas.     (Its  foundation-stone  was  laid  by  President  Jackson.) 

Uncas  was  a  chief  of  the  Pequot  tribe,  who  revolted  in  1034  against  tlie  Sachem 
Sassiicus,  and  joined  the  Mohegana.  He  was  clioseii  Saelieia  of  the  latter  tribe, 
ami  by  sagacious  alliances  with  the  English  colonists,  lie  steadily  increased  the 
liowcrof  his  people,  wlio  hai)  })reviously  held  a  subordinate  position  among  the 
al)ori;,'iiial  elans.  He  le<1  iiis  warriors  by  the  side  of  the  colonial  train-bauds  in 
the  campaign  of  10:J7,  which  annihilated  his  lao.st  dreaded  foe,  the  Poipiot  tribe  ; 
ami  in  1043,  he  fought  the  powerful  Narragansotts  until  the  Auglo-Moliegan 
f'lrtes,  under  his  direction,  had  defeated  and  humbled  that  tribe.  He  repelled  an 
invasi'iii  of  the  Western  Indians,  aided  by  a  strong  Mohawk  contingent,  in  1048, 
anil  kei)t  up  an  incessant  war  ujion  his  Indian  neighbors  until  he  became  "the 
mi«t  powerful  and  i)rosperoiis  prince  in  New  ?]iiglaiid."  In  1040  he  ceded  to  tiie 
lolDiiy  of  Conn,  all  his  land  except  a  tract  on  the  W.  shore  of  the  Thames  em- 
liniiiig  three  or  lour  townships,  and  sold  (for  £70)  the  present  site  of  Norwich, 
wliiili  was  occupieil  in  1000  by  a  nomadic  church  from  8aybrook.  He  freipiently 
visited  the  colonial  capitals,  Boston  and  Hartford,  and  ever  remained  friendly  to 
the  settlers,  holding  his  people  to  peace.ul  ways  while  every  other  tribe  of  New 
Kiigkmd  (except  the  Christian  Indians)  joined  King  Philip's  league  against  the 
t"hmi(!.s.  After  reigning  as  Sachem  of  the  Mohegans  for  nearly  50  years,  he  died 
hi  Ui83,  a  cousisto'it  Pagan  to  the  last.  He  was  crafty,  cruel,  and  rapacious  in 
I  his  policy  ;  but  as  the  head  of  a  savage  people,  he  was  sagacious  and  far-sighted, 
umI  as  a  military  leader  he  was  skilful  and  fearless.  It  is  dithcdt  to  tell  what 
h'^mld  have  been  the  course  of  New  England  historj',  or  what  liinl  and  over- 
hheliuintr  disasters  might  have  blotted  out  those  feeble  colonies  along  the  coast, 
Ibl  not  the  two  great  southern  tribes  been  ruined  by  the  attacks  (somo:iine3 
laMi'd  by  a  few  dozen  Englisli  musketeers)  of  the  Mohegans  under  their  Sachem, 
IViiias.  Beyond  th*  village  of  Greenville  is  Sacliem's  Plain  (l.j-2  M.  from 
|X"rwieh.  Horse-cars  most  of  the  way).  Here  was  fought  a  battle  between  Mi- 
uit'iiKiiuoh  and  000  Narragansetts,  and  Uncas  with  500  Mohegans. 
Miantonomoh  was  the  nephew  of  (Janonicns,  and  in  1030  succeeded  to  the  gov- 
ffniiient  of  the  Narragansetts.  He  was  ever  a  Urm  friend  to  the  colonists,  grant- 
i.,'them  a  large  portion  of  the  present  State  of  Rhode  Islaiul,  and  leaving  his 
liiirrels  with  Uncas  to  their  arbitration.  l\\  1042  he  went  to  Boston  to  meet 
Wain  men  who  had  accused  him  of  planning  hostilities  against  the  colonies. 
|«  awiiitcd  his  accusers  in  Wx'i  presence  of  the  Governor  and  council  of  Massa- 
Fs«tts,  but  no  charges  were  preferred  against  him,  and  he  left  Boston  after  re- 
pin;^  high  lienors  from  Gov.  Wintlirop,  who  admired  his  character.  In  the 
m'wvg  year,  stung  to  madness  by  insults  otl'ered  by  Uncas,  he  led  900  Narra- 
i^ett  warriors  in  an  attack  on  Mohegan.  Uncas  and  500  men  met  him  on 
pern's  Plain,  and  in  accordance  with  a  plan  preconcerted  by  the  Mohegan 


98       Route  12 


1,EW  LONDON  TO  VERMONT. 


cnB.  ^l  -}^:^;J'  lie  royal  >:^vn:^-;;^\r:u.ntU  -  t  -   :attK.mM  ^  ,^_ 


1    l.tt     litUHrt     lii>'»    

«'--H  =  fe -« s-^^a^^^'^i- -- "" ""' ": 

iimiawl  till  a  >•>  V       ^^y  Ijani.     lu  a  ,„  thp  covenumnt, 

make  a  fouiidatiou  succeHSor  in  JJ  «  P^;;,,,,,  ,viil. 

erected.  ^^^  of  Miantonomdh.  ancl  i^       ^^^,^^  King  1'^    '1  «  »^  -   „  ,,.,,, 

„rC''-;."-  »-^*«"  r       „e.  U,e  station,  No^icl.  To«.„  V» 
tlic  War  Office  oi  j^^.^.  s,tate  save  i  „ortliom  ca»l 

and  War  Office  ave  still  stauai  „,  ^_^^^  i 

lage  is  the  family  vault  ^         ^^^  ^Tr'^if  iT^'^^'e^SrGove.jJ 

The  most  prominent  of  the  Tnj^^^^  ^  ^.r^Sral  of  ?he  CoutineuUl  M 
'^rS^'^l^i^^'^'^'  -"•  connn.ssan-genera 


hern  cawi 
arose,  *«| 


NKVV  LONDOy  TO  VERMONT.       Jlmte  12. 


99 


Jo<^ep1i,  j^randson  of  "  BrotlierJonaUi-iii,"  5  years  M.  C,  and  2  ypiM  Gnv.  of  Conn. : 
Lyiiiiii  Tninihill  (l)orn  neir  FiCh.UKui  in  ISl.t),  t\w  oiiiinont,  Jiiri.st  and  U.  S.  fSon.v 
tiir  I'lDin  IlliMDi.s,  lH.)r>-7J  ;  and  Ool.  Jolm  Trniubnll  (sonic  tiini'  or  tlio  1st  Conn., 
mill  iiftc.w.'U'd.i  iiido  to  Wasliin^tonX  wlio  stndiod  piiintin,.^  under  WV.st,  in  Lon- 
(1  HI,  and  rxociitod  nnny  l:ir,'ii  liistoricnl  pictures,  depicting'  seenci  oi'  the  llovoln- 
tjiiii.iry  era.  Four  of  liis  work.s  are  in  the  rotuiKla  of  tlie  N.itionil  Caititol,  ,'uid  .i 
pioil  •■oll"ftion  of  Ifts  paintings  is  in  tlie  Atlieuiemn  at  Hartford.  Tins  Art  Gal- 
lery of  Yale  Colle,,'e  has  a  hir^c  nunilnir  of  his  minor  works,  57  in  all. 

Tlie  line  now  lofxvos  IJije  Yautic  Valloy,  runs  alnncf  the  Imnler  of  tin 

Slietiieket,  and,  pa.ssing  S.  Wiiidliani,  stops  at  VVilliinanlic  (see  Route  11). 

At.  this  i)oint  the  New  York 

and  Now  England  trackn  cross  the  New  London  Northern  Railroad. 

Iluiuiing  N.  from  Willimantic,  the  line  follows  the  Williniantic  River, 

tlirou,s,di  the  county  of  Tolland.     Stations,  S.  Coventry,  Eagleville  (with 

larj,'e  sheeting  manufactories),  and  Mansiield,  with  four  companies  engaged 

in  making  sewing-silk,  a  protitablo  industry  which  was  inaugurated  here 

in  the  last  century.     Stations,  Merrow,  S.  Willington,  and  Tolland,  about 

4  M.  W.  of  which  is  a  sequestered  village  conttiining  tlie  modest  county 

buildmgs.     StafiEbrd  is  celebrated  for  it.s  mineral  si)rings,  the  principal 

one  being  among  the  best  of  chalybeate  springs.    It  contains  considerable 

iron  in  solution,  with  carbonic  acid  and  natron,  and  is  a  pleasant  water  to 

the  taste.     It  is  held  to  be  very  efficacious  in  all  cutaneous  affections. 

The  other  spring,  which  is  chargetl  with  liydrogen  gas  and  sulphur,  has 

become  choked  up,  and  has  long  been  disused.     The  Indians  were  in  the 

habit  of  using  these  waters  with  beneficial  effect,  and  the  whites  began  to 

visit  the  sju'lngs  about  110  years  ago. 

The  Stafford  Springs  House  is  a  large  and  inexpensive  hotel  near  the 

chalybeate  spring,  on  the  1.  of  the  track. 

The  train  now  runs  N.  for  10  M.  across  the  sparsely  populated  town  of 

StalFord,  and  at  State  Line  it  enters  the  State  of  Massachusetts.     The 

town  of  Monson  is  next  crossed  (11  M.).     Much  manufacturing  is  done 

liere  aloHg  a  branch  of  the  Chicopee  River,  and  a  fine  granite  (piarry  is  to 

be  .seen  near  the  central  station,  from  which  great  quantities  of  stone  have 

k'eu  sent  to  Albany  for  the  new  State  House.     The  extensive  buildings 

of  the  State  Primary  School  are  in  this  town,  on  a  farm  of  260  acres,  and 

tliere  are  over  400  pujiils.     Tlie  scenery  here  is  picturesque,  and  culmi- 

Mtes  in  the  bold  heiglits  of  Peaked  and  Moon  Mts.     The  village   (Mon- 

^iiii  House)  is  pleasantly  situated  on  high  ground,  and  has  a  bank,  au 

acaileniy  (150  pupils),  3  churches,  a  hat-factory,  and  several  -wooUeu- 

;iills.    The  town  has  3,400  inhabitants. 

At  Palmer  the  line  crosses  the  Chicopee  River  and  the  Boston  &  Al- 

|l)any  R.  R.     Stages  run  S.  E.  to  Parksville,  5  M.  ;  Brimfield,  9  ; 

Brinifield,  12;  Fiskdale,  14^;  Sturbridge,  IG^  ;  and  So>;:hbridge,  20. 

'nmJieM  is  a  hilly  farming  town  with  1,201  inhabitants  and  a  soldiers' 

lonument  (Brimfield  House;  see  page  130).     Stages  run  to  Wales  (Wales 

l"tel),  4i  M.  S..  near  the  far-viewing  Mt.  Hitchcock,  a  grazing  town,  with 

)  inhabitants.    Holland  (Holland  Hotel)  is  a  fanning  town,  4]  M.  S. 


1 00    JioiUe  12. 


AMllEUST. 


•..;  r- 


l.i"    ii' 

II 


Stationn,  Three  Plvrrit  ;  nirrpft^n  Juvrfion,  whoro  tho  Atliol  R  n.  In  rro«««>1 ; 
R.nl  lU^\v,luirti»\vii  { II  Ir/icr  Honor),  n  hill-town  dt-voN-d  to  ftntilnjr.  wIfJi  U.*!!') 
lnlmtiit,ititH,Hn(l  .3  cimrche^  IIith  Dr.  J.  O  Holland  wux  liorn.  Tho  (Jlupp  Mi^nmii  il 
Lihniry  Ua  han<lKoiii(i  hnlldln!t :  iiml  thero  In  ii  nionnnient  to  i;»  foldittr^  who  dinl 
In  tlio  Rovoluflon,  niid  3t  uho  di<-d  In  the  ScrpsHJon  Wnr  Hi-lchcrtown  hn>>  m-vit  I 
bold  ciiiinunceK  iind  hiindsonM'  pond^  Tlir  hctt lenient  touli  pliico  iu  1731,  ani 
was  nunied  Cold  Sjirinrf,  nftor  n  lurno  fountain. 

After  runnirij  ncros.a  IJiIchortown  (13  M.)  the  train  passes  5.  Amlunt 
and  stops  at 

Amherst  {Amlu^rst  House,  ^IM  a  day,  \   M.  from   tho  Btution),  .i 
pretty   village   sitnutod    in   i\  romantic   dislrict,   and   iliHtiiiguishcd  for 
Its  collo'"^.     Its  society  is  of  that  cultured  and  refhiPd  order  whioli  is 
usually  lound  in  American  academic  towns,  and  its  (esthetic  taste  is  seen 
in  tho  fine  architecture  of  its  cliurohu.s  (notably  Grace  Church  and  the 
1st  Congregational).     The  buildings  of  Amhorst  College  (I'ounded  i:i 
1821)  are  located  on  a  hill  on  the  edge  of  the  village  to  the  S.     On  the 
street  W.  of  the  buildings  are  the  JMosident's  House,  the  Library,  and 
College  Ilall.     The  curious  octagonal  structure  with  a  bright  blue  donic, 
whicli  stands  in  advance  of  the  line  of  college  hails,  is  devoted  to  the  dis- 
play of  rare  collections.     Part  of  it  is  occupied  by  tlie  Lawrence  Ob.serv- 
atory,  and  on  the  \\\)\)qv  story  are  the  great  *  cabinets  of  minerals  and 
meteorites  prepared  and  collected  by  Prof.  C.  U.  Shepard,  a  disciple  of 
Silliman,  who  has  been  for  the  last  45  years  one  of  the  leading  physicists 
of  America.     These  collections  "are  only  surpassed  by  those  of  the  J5iiN 
ish  Museum  and  the  Imperial  Cabinet  at  Vienna."    They  rejiresent  an 
immense  value,  some  single  pieces  having  cost  thousands  of  dollars.    Tiie 
largest  niby  in  tlie  world  is  shown  here,  being  2  ft.  high  by  1  ft.  in  dinni- 
eter.     It  was  found  in  N.  Carolina.     A  sapi)hire,  in  the  cabinet,  weighs 
30  lbs.,  and  many  other  rare  and  costly  specimens  are  here  preservL'J. 
On  the  lower  floor  is  Wood's  C.ibinet  of  geology  and  palaiontology,  eni- 
bracing  over  20,000  specimens.    The  Nineveh  Gallery  opens  out  of  Wood's 
Cabinet,  and  contains  many  Oriental  and  Indian  relics,  together  witli  a 
collection  of  rare  coins  and  medals.     Along  the  walls  of  this  room  are 
arranged  a  succession  of  large  *  Assyrian  sculptures  from  the  palace  of 
Sardanapalus,  at  Nineveh.     E.  of  lIus  building  is  the  line  of  the  older  col- 
lege-halls, N.  College,  the  old  Chapel,  and  S.  College.     These  are  iu  the 
early  Novanglian  architecture,  and  closely  resemble  the  older  halls  of 
Harvard.     At  the  S.  end  of  this  line  is  the  Appleton  Cabinet,  whose  up- 
per story,  surrounded  by  barbarous  frescos,  contains  several  collections 
embracing  5,900  species  of  animals  and  8,000  species  of  shells,  prepared 
by  Prof.  Adams,  of  Andierst,  the  conchologist.     An  Herbarium  (in  the 
old  chapel)  contains  4-5,000  ^  mds  of  plants  ;  and  tho  Gilbert  MiiSLniin 
of  Indian  Relics  is  on  tho    , round-floor  of  Appleton.      The  new  Pratt 
Gymnasium  is  N.  of  the  campus.     The  library  has  received  a  lartje  fire- 
proof annex.    Most  of  the  Shepard  collections  (above  mentioned)  were 
destroyed  by  fire  in  1882. 


On  the  lower  i 
»."W  specimens 
'^  ''y  'ar  the  h,y, 
"'^''W  which  /ir, 

f  f''<'  pattering, 
'";;"'i<^  ages,  are 

Valley. 
,  ^'-  "''   '''«  verdant 

;;'^;f';'t^  Memorial  a, 

-!:::;:::/*  i-' 

on  fi       ^^^^^'  and  CO, 
"-'  outsi.Ie.     The  , 

;" ynd  with/,,  t, 
:  ."'^' ^'''«>/^.n- and  pas( 
';'""     F'-omtheE. 

I   ""llStoil  1/.,I|     „ 

Hill  tU.on'''^''^^ 
,,,.:,/;. '^  College  Towe, 

r  />uifee   PJant-Hous, 
{.""^'■^■t'd.     The  "A 
'^■anj  coijjgi^,,,^ 


NKW  LON'DOX  TO  VKltMON'T.       /.'oittf  11     lOl 


I  (in  tlie 
1  Musevua 

Jew  r«'i 


On  the  lower  floor  is  a  li;ill  110  ft.  loiij?  liy  4.'>  ft.  wide,  whcniii  ar.'  ]:'\>t 
9,000  specimens  of  aiicifiit  trunks  in  .stoiin.  This  woikU'iI'iiI  *oi)lliitio» 
is  I)y  far  the  largo.st  in  the  world,  and  well  illustnitcH  the  seieiKic  of  ich- 
noiojiy  which  first  arose  at  Amherst.  Tlie  tracks  of  hirds,  beasts,  and 
1.  litili'S,  which  have  been  dead  pciliaps  a  myriad  of  yeans,  and  the  marks 
o'  the  pattering  of  ruin-sforms  whicli  fell  throii).;li  the  silent  air  of  pre- 
Iiiitoric  ages,  are  hero  preserved  on  the  sandstone  of  the  Connecticut 
Viilley. 

IMwnrd  Tlitfhcnrlc,  D.  D..  the  founflrr  of  ifhnolo;.'if'nl  snirnop,  was  horn  a. 
IiiTiilflil,  Mass,,  in  I"'.''!.  Ife  was  (■(niiiccti'il  with  Anilicrst,  College,  cither  iiH 
]iiiiiiss()r  or  iircsifii  nt,  from  is^'i  to  IHtlT),  and  i)lainu'(l  tin<l  cxi-cuti'il  the  ncold^ical 
s;irvi'V  <if  M:iss..  "the  lirst survey  of  un  entire  State  iiiwh'r  tlie  uutliority  of  piv- 
iriiiiu'iit  in  the  world."  Hi-  piililislicd  jn-'J')  vohimes,  inr)stly  on  neolo^ical  siili- 
jivls,  ol'  which  till'  "  Kl"iiientary  (.ienl();,'y "  and  the  "  Ileli^tion  o:  (.leoioij'y  " 
I'ls^cil  thi'oiif^h  many  editions  in  America  and  Kn;4lanil.  "The  Iclniolo^^y  of 
Niw  Kiij^'hmd,"  published  tiy  the  8Uite  in  1SJ8,  illustrated  uud  explained  the 
liraiii'ii  of  8<-ienee  which  he  fouudeil. 

AiiihiTst  College  is  under  the  nuspiecs  of  tlie  Congre^rationnl  Church,  and  Isasi 
about 'IJO  students,  with  libraries  of  6n,(M)0  volunu-s.  Moi'uin;^  sla;/es  run  frnui 
Aiiilictst  to  Hadley  aud  iSortliampton  ;  afternoon  slajjes  to  feliule.-.bury,  near  the 
Miiuil  .Mineral  Springs, 

E.  of   the  verdant  lawn  and  overlooking  the  valley  is  lluj  new  and 

tle;;ant  *  Memorial  Chapel,  whose  exterior  is  a  beautiful  model  of  Gothic 

aivhitecture.     It  is  cruciform  in  shai)e  with  finely  linished  rose-windows 

in  the  transept,  and  colonettes  of  polished  Scotch  granite  at  various  i)oiiit.s 

on  the  outside.     The  graceful  spire  is  built  (as  well  as  tiie  Chapel  walls) 

of  stone,  and  within  tlic  tower  is  a  marble  tal)let,  containing  tlio  names 

of  the  nlutnni  and  past  students  of  Amherst  who  fell  in  the  War  for  the 

I'liiou.     From  the  E.  side  of  the  chapel  is  obtained  a  pleasing  view  of  the 

rich  valley  E.  of  Andierst.     The  Barret  Gymnasium  is  near  the  E.  College, 

ainl  tlie  N.  side  of  the  prospective  quadrangle  is  occupied  by  two  line 

s'liiie  buildings;  the  Walker  Hall,  a  tasteful  and  oi'iuitu  stnjcturo  sur- 

iiioniited  by  a  spired  observatory,  and  fronted  by  an  clo^^ant  portico, 

I'lnned  by  five  Gothic  arches  supportcl  on  coupled  c(dunnis  ;  and  the 

\Villistou  Hall,  a  substantial  brick  building.    Before  leaving  the  College 

Hill,  the  College  Tower  sliould  ba  ascended  for  the  sake  of  the  *  view, 

v.liich  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  in  New  England,  extending  over  parts 

U'the  rich  Com!',  valley  and  over  the  rugged  and  picturesque  towns  of 

l"*tern  Hampshire.    The  Art  Gallery  is  in  Williston  Hall,  and  has  a 

Irkh  collection  of  casts,  illustrative  of  every  school  and  ])eri(!d  of  sctdp- 

rire.    On  the  opposite  side  of  Amherst,  and  aboia  1  .M.  trtmi  tiic  Green, 

Y^^'ii.  Massachusetts  A tjricultund  t'ulhijc.     Its  hanusonu  buildings  a^-e 

^t'aiie  edge  of  a  rich  plain,  from  which  fine  views  are  obtained  of  the 

Jiountains  on  the  W.  and  S.     On  the  experimental  farm  of  400  acres  is 

'W  Durfee    Plant-House,  where    many  rare    and  valuable   plants    are 

Iftscrved.     The  "Aggies  "  (as  the  students  here  are  called  by  the  other 

V'^'  England  colbgiana)  are  drill  jd  to  a  high  state  of  discipline  (infantry 


.      \ 


n  "I 


■i:fc 


'•^,  11 


^^^    ""  .,  of  ™ch  .  nature  i»  tte 

S  U  attded  by  a  -/"XtTe 'f  a  T''-'«^"  '™"  ""°  '""" 
':f.:p.  ,.Uere  P- *  ""* .t1.X,  M'-  ^""^'^/Sf  ^  d  /.n-,,.. 
are  broad  and  beautiful.    "•  '^  „  ^„.;,ei»(,  •'"•  ""!''  ""''   ,..,„  ,;„, 

"Beyond  Amherst  a,e  'Je  «t^™'„f  ,ery  pietures^ue  scene,,  ^ 
The  latter  U  »""»f '"  ^'J  with  the  Hunting  Hd  ,  «"  *'^'"  ^„„  ^ 
...w  passes  .!-'«*  M™SI'  ^vhere  the  Vt.  and  Ma«.  B-  K^;l^__^  „^^„ 

„,d  Miller's  Kivev  are      »   »^.        ^^^^.^^^  ^.,„„^„  "■"■  *  f'  eSul  as,,- 
UuriugKingPlnhP»J;"J„  i„g  ,„„,,-,es  were  ambu*«         ^^^^.^ 

*>•'  "■'  "^M.::'  C  T-t,  with  his  ;%;;;f;™ ,,  „  Lthis  ese.,„, » 

■"T ,  t^l  Xce    ts  people  evacuated  .  ,  »"  >  P"'^;' '  ,„„,„  „„acUs  »,.. 
cached  tie  place.  .tP^^  '<=»«»?'»*  '"  "i ' rhv  desolate  un.li  HI  , 

Connecticut  liiver  are  Ashuelot  Rf  lf°'^J',,\  ^,,11  in  >''^' 

?."'"  IVSt  'f.    ..  Mine  «'■■  ■;,,?■  'Cu'it  Indl."  ''".'^ /„T     li»'*-i 

mniulated  town,  settled  uua  o,„.i,,.,tield  terminates.  I 

Hr«;^r„rE-n.nivertt.,™a^™.-"^^^^ 

through  the  town  of  Vunon  (  Connecticut,  and  of  the  i  1 

:^"sU„torS:::;rt«naofVer„tout,and  scores  Of  .ts 


ERATTLEBORO'. 


Route  12.     103 


The  next  station  is  Brattleboro', 


a\)Ovi 
vivov 


.nil 


tta 


;avly 


tiers  were  killed  by  the  hostile  Indians. 
120  M.  from  New  London. 

Hotels.  —  *  Brooks  IIoksp,  tlie  liest  in  Veniumr,  aocnmniodating  175-200 
gii.'sts,  S3-3.50  a  day.     Jirattltljoro'  Jloiise ;  American  I loxifte. 

Ill  17'Jt  the  Le,;isliitun!  of  Mass.  had  a  fort  built  nc  ir  the  river  and  about  1  M. 
S.  of  tlie  present  vill.i;;e.  Tliis  f  irt,  cilled  Fort  Dummer,  was  garrisoned  by 
tnio[ts  of  the  (;oloiiy  and  friendly  Indiiiiis,  and  served  as  a  shield  for  the  river- 
t.Aviis.  Tli()ii,:^li  oi"t(Mi  attac^Ued,  it  was  never  lost.  The  first  settlement  in  the 
(State  \v;!S  loiated  here  under  the  protection  of  the  fort,  and  but  two  or  three 
fiiMMJl  villages  were  established  in  the  S.  part  tnitil  the  conquest  of  Canada,  after 
wliiili,  froni  1700  to  1708,  138  townships  were  granted  in  Vermont.  In  1753,  the 
viUii^'e  near  Fort  Dunnuer  was  named  Urattleborongh,  in  honor  of  Col.  Brattle,  a 
(listiiiguislied  13ostonian,  who  was  one  of  its  proprietors. 

Brattleboro'  is  a  large  village, well  and  compactly  built,  at  the  junction 
of  Whetstone  Brook  (which  affords  a  considerable  water-power)  with  the 
Connecticut.     The  location  of  the  village  is  beautiful,  being  on  an  uneven 
plateau  above  the  great  river,  and  surrounded  by  lofty  hills.     Main  St., 
tlie  principal  thoroughfare,  is  ntar  and  parallel  to  the  river,  and  100  ft. 
ahove  it.     The  Brook,  witli  its  numerous  factories,  is  near  the  station,  in 
tlic  S.  of  the  village.     A  be.uitiful  view  of  Brattleboro'  and  its  mountain- 
iiiiiliitheatre  is  enjoyed  from  Cemetery  Hill,  an  eminence  just  S.  of  the 
town.    The  opposite  side  of  the  river  is  filled  by  the  dark  and  frowning 
masses  of  Mine  and  Wantas;  i([uet  Mts.     At  the  N.  end  of  the  village  is  a 
pretty  park,  on  the  edge  of  the  i)lateau,  whence  a  charming  view  of  the 
mountains  is  gained,  while  the  placid  river  is  seen  gliding  between  its 
broad  and  fertile  intervales.     Below  the  park,  in  the  valley,  is  the  Ver- 
mont Asylum  for  the  Insan< ,  a  well-conducted  institution,  connected  with 
whicli  is  a  farm  of  GOO  acrc>   which  is  carried  on  by  the  inmates  of  the 
Asylum.     From  various  po.  its  (back  of  St.  Michael's  Church,  &c.)  on  the 
riverward  side  of  the  platea  i,  pretty  views  of  the  river  and  Wantastiquet 
.Mt.  are  obtained.     The  Est  y  (Jottcujc-Organ  Works  are  the  largest  in  the 
woild,  occupying  9  shops,  v.  ith  a  capacity  of  20,000  organs  a  year. 

Tlie  :ii(inun!eni  to  James  Fi^  :,  Jr.,  is  in  the  cemetery,  and  is  much  visited.  It 
wasexciMited  by  Mead,  v.\  a  co  L  of  ij)!  25,000,  and  bears  emblematic  female  statues 
rqiri'senling  Navigation,  the  1    ama,  Uailroads,  and  Connnerce. 

Diiiiiel  Webster  was  a  frequ.  it  visitor  to  Brattleboro",  and  at  present  it  is  the 
1  Iwiiu'  of  Ilolbrook,  the  War-Ci  vernor  of  Vermont,  and  Oeii.  J.  W.  Phelps,  a  vet- 
i  wan  uf  the  Mexican  and  iSece^ion  Wars,  who  first  enlisted  and  (.lisciplined  ne- 

\m\.     Among  those  born  here  were  Will)ur  Flak. 
I'C  refused  a  bishoiiric,  and  was  President  of  Mid- 
11.  M.  Hunt,   the  architect;  W.  M.   Hunt,  the 
Larkin  G.  Mead,  the  sculptor,  -.vho,  while  yet  a 
ter  night  on  a  sn^'W-Hgure  at  the  head  of  Main  St.  ; 
Year's)  the  citizens  were  startled  to  see  there  a 
|stiitiu'  ill'  the  "  Recording  An-ol"  modelled  in  purest  snow. 

In  W.Bi'.dtleboro'  (Glen  Ibiise,  Vermont  House)  is  the  Glenwood  Seminary,  in 

I'fi'inaiitic  site  (stages  three  times  daily). 

A  liiidge  crosses  tlie  I'iver  here,  and  a  road  runs  into  hilly  Hinsdale,  N.  of  which 

*'lie  iijrturesque  town  of  Chesterfield  (N.  H.),  from  whose  level  uplands  nuu'h 

'jnaiul  hay  is  obtained  by  unwearied  labor.     Spolford     Lake,  in  Chesterfield 

M.    from  Bi..t,tleboro'),  is  a  beautiful  sheet  of  water  8  M.  around,  said  by 

h*y\h  to  possess  natural  charms  equal  to  those  of  the  Italian  lakes. 


UiiiiN  in  the  armies  of  the  I' 
tl;i;  Methodist  divifte,  who  tw 

iJlilowii  University,  1830-3!» 
l':iiiitrr  of  aciire  pictures  ;  an 
iiii'iv  1.1(1,  worked  one  long  wi' 

IM  on  tlie  next  nun-ning  iNc 


i.  ^    fc 


^t 


_-  u5Wi^->  -.-^ssr- -".--—  ■ 


ii"^ 


1:1 


U 


\\ 


'H 


pi  I 


104.      Route  13. 


NOUWICH  TO  NASHUA. 


■r.  T>  «in9N  W  to  Londonderry, 36  M, 

W»  >»'»"■' \""riw"»s.»  l»  0™''™'?  *^'-'  Jamais 
i,or/(/  Houi>c).    o  vvindham  and  tnesier,  »"« 

13    Norwicli  to  Nashua. 

v,w  York  and  New  England  Railroad,  and 
•  u  „„,i  Worcester  Division,  New  \orK  au 
WS»S:"S  &l'riU..oaa^  B.-..  ^»^^-.  '^„,„,,„„  feood  hotel,.  . 

•n^alM   from  tl\e  station,  nuii.1 1  Grosvenordak, 

inhabitants  and  /  «^^"  '  ^  nianiifactories.      "  „  r. 

^        1  f  V  on  Tndian  irruption  so  aiaiui  pj„foj.a  Centre  bas  laigM 

crosses  at  Oafc</a/e.  .Urnnn-li  T^.  Boyhton,  a  I>i^""^\l| 

The  .min  run,  on  1.^1.  r^'u  ^^^2  nl,abUan«,au..  5ol«.r*| 

.med  farming  '"J"' ''-*,',';„„•  ,„  Fl.chln,v,  (U  M  •    «-'"««  "•     1 
.„d  rilcl.l)'"-S  «•  l^-  '"  ":;  j,a,-,„,,  and  high  h>U3. 


PEPPERELL. 


Route  13.     105 


turc?Hi 


Beyond  the  Wausliaccum  Ponds  (1. )  and  Clinton  Ponds  the  train  crosses 
t! -iOld  Colonj-  R.  R.  (N.  Div.)  at  Clinton  {Clinton  ILmse),  a  prosperous 
village  of  8,000  inhabitants,  with  2  papers,  5  churches,  a  library,  a  bank, 
ami  a  Memorial  Hall  which  cost  $90,000.  It  has  manufactories  of  fine 
Brussels  and  Wilton  carpets,  quilts,  wire-netting,  ginghams,  plaids, 
conilis,  and  cotton  goods.  S.  Lancaster  station  is  near  the  State  Indus- 
trial School  for  Girls  ;  and  Lancaster  (*  Lancaster  House)  is  a  beautiful 
old  village  on  the  highlands  near  Ballard  Hill,  with  broatl  and  eim-liiied 
streets,  2  churclies,  a  bank,  a  public  library  (8,000  vols.),  and  a  Memo- 
rial Hall  to  commemorate  its  dead  soldiers. 

This  town  was  settled  in  1G53,  and  in  1070  was  attacked  hy  KiTicr  Philip  ami 
1,500  Indians,  who  hes;  „'ed  and  burnt  the  p-istor's  house,  killin,'  ?2  and  capt'ir- 
iiifi'iO  jieople.  Several  other  attacks  followed,  and  hi  1704  the  town  was  swept 
by  500  French  and  Indians. 

Beyond  Still  River  is  KarvaxA  (Harvard  Hotel),  a  picturesque  high- 
land farming  village  (stages  to  village,  2  M. ),  much  visited  in  summer, 
and  near  the  far-viewing  Prospect  Hill,  and  the  island-studded,  fish- 
abounding,  Bare-Hill  Pond.  To  the  N.  are  the  deep  and  sequestered 
Hell  and  Rol>bins  Ponds.  A  Shaker  community  is  in  the  N.  E.  part  of 
the  town.  Ayer  Junction  (see  Route  25).  The  next  station  is  Groton 
(Centre,  a  pretty  village  in  a  country  of  hills  and  lakes. 

It  was  attacke<l  in  1070,  by  the  Sachem  Monoco  at  the  head  of  400  Indians, 
and  40  houses  and  the  church  were  burnt,  though  the  people  repulsed  all  attjicks 
troin  their  refu<^e  in  4  garrison-houses.  This  same  sachem  boasted  to  the  be- 
Bie^'ed  that  he  was  marching  on  Concord  and  Boston,  to  destrity  those  towns. 
Wjtiiiiia  year  he  was  indeed  in  Bo.ston,  but  as  a  captive,  led  tlirou^di  the  streets 
«iUi  a  roi)e  around  his  neck,  and  afterwards  hung  on  the  Conunon.  Hon.  G.  S. 
BniUvell,  Gov.  of  Mass.,  1851-3,  and  Secretary  of  the  U.  S.  Treasury,  18(59-  7:i, 
was  for  many  years  a  merchant  in  this  town.  Groton  is  the  seat  of  Lawrence 
.\cadeiny. 

Station,  Pepperell  (Prescoit  Hoxise  /  the  village  is  across  the  Nashua 
I  River,  W.  of  the  station),  a  town  named  after  Sir  Wm.  Pepperell,  the 
[first  New  England  baronet,  by  its  first  pastor,  who  was  a  chaplain  in  his 
jLouisburg  expedition.      S.  W,  of  the  village  is  the  curious   hill  called 

'The  Throne,"  while  to  the  N.  are  the  picturesque  Hills  of  Missitisset. 
iTliis  is  a  quiet  village  with  an  old  church,  whose  bell,  according  to  an  old 
l^tw  England  custom,  tolls  out  the  number  of  the  letters  in  the  name, 
pill  of  years  in  the  age,  of  each  villager  when  he  or  she  dies. 

^lV]iperell  has   2,500  inhabitants,  4  churches,  180  farms,  an  imposing  town- 
11.  ami    large    paper-mills.      Daily  stiiges    run  7   M.   N.    W.   to    Brookline, 
H.    Tile  old  Prescott  mansion  is  on  a  broad  domain  '2^  M.  from  the  vil- 
f?e.   This  was  founded  by  Col.  Wm.  Prcscott,  who  led  the  MicMlcsex  minute- 
ly to  Cambridge,  and  commandci'  the  Americans  at  the  battle  of  IJunker  Hill, 
pne  the  Pepperell  Co.  lost  10  men.     He  left  the  redoubt  within  push  of  bay- 
T«t  of  tlie  British,  warding  oft"  their  thrusts  by  his  fla  ;hing  award.     His  son, 
%  \V)ii.,  succeeded  to  the  estate,  and  from  him  it  was  inherited  by  his  son, 
Jib  Hiclcling  Prcscott,  who  here  wrote  a  great  part  of  his  noble  historical  works. 
•  sou  iiuw  owns  the  estate. 

|Soou  after  leaving  Pepperell  the  line  enters  the  State  of  New  Hamp 
6* 


i,  I 


\ 

''i:. 

.  • 

. 

''!■ 

ti  .! 
I 

]f' 

5 

i' 

S'l: 


i 


MIDDLETOWN. 
106    Route  U. 

^      f  fl.«  villa-e  of  that  name  (stages 
sM..    Station,  HoUis,  3  M    S  E    0    the^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^  ,,. 

to  all  '-->  tt  d^;       ^^-hua  (see  Route  2G). 
,.et.a.nente.tUeuty  ^   ^.^^^^^^ 

14.  Saybrook  to  Harttora  ^        ^^^^^^^^^      ^^, 

TO  t.e  C,  0.  Hajt^a^-  ^  -    --  ^^e  S^tUe  ea.  a«.  ..« 

ForSaybroolcPoiutseeKouteS     After ^^^^^^.^^^  ^^^^  ^^:r^-l 

the  Shore  Line  B.  R-  (^^^f «  ^  ',foi,  \vith  the  river  close  atha.d.     fk 

through  the  old  limits  of  Say^^^.^j^'^;  .^eon  great  quantities  ot  ^^■ 

If  this  town  is  enriched  by  pilmg  ^'^^"'^^  ^,      ^^-rting  sum  per  thou- 

''\       V  h  aVecaught  oif  its  shores,  and  so  d  fo   a  tutl    g  ^^^^^ 

fish,  which  aie  caub>'  g    Chester,  L-iitsit-i    v 

sand.     Stations,  Essex,  Deep   B    er    ^  ^^^^^^^^^  Goodspeed  s  (^> 

r.^-«c»t  some  >>«»»- :^en^c"Hadaan,  an<l  E.  Ha,! 
"  Irce  ami  warlike  "Wongung  I.. to^^^^^^  ^„^t,_  „„,  the  laml"- 

,  Thov  parted  with  tliei.  birtln igl.t  wr  j        -tance  have  1".» 

tttU lypip'e  from  Hartforf.    Q-m- ^  ^  on.itoahlo,    Sta.io., 

«,  ™,  out  from  W^er  bt. ,    h     e    ^_^^^  .^  ^._^^^^  -'""  V.'oT »1 
Main  St.i  while  H'S'' ^'Jf^'^^^^^,  i^„.e  ami  Co.n  Uo.  e  oj  M   J 

sex^u.;        ^,      ^ufacturesmcUiUcpu  i- ,  companies'"! 

in  the  city.    ^^'*^ ,    ,  .    .,  sewinS-machmes,  and  seseiai       ^^        ^o| 

.rpar^  rales  and  chisels,  sewai,  convenient  haiini  \    ■ 

^'^^^'^^'-  of  Wesleyan  University  fronts  on  High  bt^.  ^  I 

The  campus  of  Wesieya  Charles  PicA^ens  called  the 

its  double  lines  of  ^^^^^l^.^  ^  ver.ity  appe^^^ 
rr.uJ:Stttr.ova„g,ia,...e,the..et,... 


tms 


SAYBEOOK  TO  HAUTFORn 

e«»,  of  Portland  »     ,.  ^"""'^-     '0^ 

35,0<K)  vol™:f 'T„d SX     Rj*  Hal.  oo„.ai„,  the  li,,,,,  „,    ,      , 

'-•«  long  been  extinct  are  ar  an^d  I'^^'T'  ""^'"^-'^  ^'^ose  .spe^e 
^'"«  ^vork   of  architecture      1^  n  '     ^^"  ^^"^^"^1  ChapeHr^ 

IWe.  .^^^^  usea  for  dail^^^I,; 

cost  ,^  ,  00  eacli.  ^^°r«r.  ^vith  luemorial  windows  wJiich 

Book  Coneen,;  182,  •',;'"  '^'"erant  minister    l?o     U"  "'' ^««t."&c.  (  s52:in-. 

<>'«  l^ay-]I^''/4T,,";;.  *^^      '^"  "^«  °JJ  ^J^apol  is  delightful        .       ■ 
I  ries  If  V.vfi     ?  ^'^  "Parian  JiiUs  the  riSr  i    i        "°"""1'  embracing 

«  m    T:^  ""  Tf  T"  '-"i-"  />™n  C  o?r  1''°  "T  ^"" 

iu  me  b.,  thelndustri.il  <^,.i,^  1        ,  ^"®  Insane  Asvlnm 

u  cf  S„„.^eag,  „„,l  „,.„„,,,,  .      -        '^«.  of  J  attateick,  tJ,o  aboriginal 

'o„u],eI,iIlove,.Mi,.,,„,„,;:if~=''  '"'■'■f  (in  irsS),  asserted  t  at 

I'nAinerfT  "    m       •.,  "■' j">  one  or  the  f  npff  „.,  i    ■  ,  "'^'' 

I      "'"-'>•'"'  "I'l  not  far  from  it  i,  tl,.  r   "'=''*■'•  "*"">•  "n  cacli  side  of 

I?   >      '"""■■'"■''''"l  valley.,,     ij"^       ,  '"!  T"'  '"""^  '"'  '""»  over 
I'M,  ivho  stormed  Moiilere,/         ,  '  "™J  Ocu.  J.  k    p   „„ 

h««nVashingtonCi;;   S^nJ';f'''*'""""'^''«''  "'  ^„e,fa  yS^ 

r^-us.     It  stands  on  spacious  ^roLdsw"  •  7   '  •'^^^""""«^^-tions  fo^ 


*        ii'l    *t-i'  1 


! '    '  ff . 


108    Route  15. 


MIDDLETOWN. 


'3  c 


m 


On  Main  St.  near  the  McDonough  House  is  the  Berkeley  Divinity 
School,  an  Ejiiscopal  institution  under  tlie  presidency  of  Bisliop  Williams. 
It  was  founded  in  ISfjO,  has  pjraduated  193  men,  and  has  six  jivo- 

iessors  and  25  students.  The  Chapel  of  St.  Luke  is  a  small  hut  bi-aiitifui 
Gothic  structure,  built  of  stone  and  adorned  with  rich  stained  windows. 
The  students  attend  service  in  gowns,  and  their  sinpint:  is  line.  Near  liy 
and  on  Main  St.  is  the  elegant  Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  (Episcopal)  Imilt 
of  Portland  stone,  with  a  graceful  tiinl)er  roof.  The  N.  and  S.  C'oii^MCfra- 
tional  churches  are  fine  l)uildings,  and  Main  St.  has  three  banks,  built  in 
the  style  of  bank-architecture  peculiar  to  New  England,  —  Avith  one  \\\a\\, 
solid  story,  of  stone  or  brick.  The  quaint  little  Parthenon  which  is  used 
for  a  Court  House  is  on  the  same  street. 

Near  the  N.  end  of  Main  St.  (with  its  lar^e  Roman  Catholic  church)  is  the  pier  of 
the  rortland  ferry.  The  (luarries  of  red  sandstone  <at  Porthuul  ire  of  coiitiin'iital 
fame,  and  are  situated  near  the  pier  at  the  other  end  of  the  ferry,  whence  iilsn  is 
gained  a  fine  view  of  Middletown  and  the  graceful  Air  Line  Kiiih-oad  hrid^o.  Tlje 
first  quarry  ai)i)roaclied  is  the  deepest,  and  from  the  sharp  etlj^e  of  the  hill  one  can 
look  down  into  a  vast  chasm  from  whic>i  lias  been  taken  the  material  tor  limi- 
dreds  of  tine  buildings,  and  for  fronts  of  i>  "  ,  blocks  in  nearly  every  Atlantic  city. 
The  second  quarry  is  the  largest  and  oldest ;  and  beyond  this  is  a  third.  Tlitse 
works  employ  800  men,  great  numbers  of  draught-animals,  and  40  vessels.  The 
stone  is  easy  to  work,  of  a  durable  character,  and  of  a  rich  shade  ol'  brown. 

The  New  Haven,  Middletown,  and  Willimantie  R.  R.,  runs  from  the  former 
city  to  Middletown,  and  here  crosses  the  Connecticut  River  on  a  fine  iron  hri(l;;e. 

A  branch  track  l(!aves  the  New  Haven  and  Springfield  Railroad  at  Berlin,  and 
runs  10  M.  S.  E.  to  Middletown. 

The  steamers  between  Hartford  and  New  York  stop  at  this  jioint,  generally  late 
in  tlie  nfti'inoun,  and  then  proceed  down  the  river,  from  whose  mouth  Middle- 
town  is  34  M.  distant. 

After  leaving  Middletown  the  Cotm.  Valley  Railroad  runs  N.  about  15 
M.  passing  through  the  towns  of  Cromwell,  Rocky  Hill,  and  Wethersficld, 
and  enters  the  city  of  Hartford.  Beyond  Hartford  the  Conn.  Contra! 
R.  R.  runs  through  the  town  E.  of  the  Conn.  River,  to  Springfield,  in  IJ 
hours.  This  is  now  the  Springfield  Division,  N.  Y.  &  N.  E.  li.  R.  (See 
page  139  h.) 

15.  New  Haven  to  Northampton. 

Via  N.  H.  and  N.  R.  R.,  in  84  M. 

This  lino  is  often  called  the  Canal  R.  R.,  since  it  follows  the  line  of  the 
rarmington  Canal  for  a  considerable  distance.  It  runs  through  a  quiet  aj,'ric'ul-| 
tural  country,  and  terminates  near  the  W.  centre  of  Massachusetts,  on  the  liiiel 
of  the  (projected)  Mass.  Central  R.  R.  Shortly  after  its  completion  in  1S4!)  it\v;ii| 
leased  by  the  New  York  and  New  Haven  R.  R.  for  20  yeara,  and  ou  the  expirationp 
of  that  time  it  reverted  to  the  original  proprietors. 

The  line  passes  West  Rock  soon  after  leaving  New  Haven,  and  enter! 
the  valley  of  Mill  River,  which  it  follows  for  nearly  20  M.  The  town  ofl 
Hamden,  which  is  soon  entered,  is  in  a  valley  between  the  W.  Hock  Va\ 
and  the  E.  Rock  Mts.,  two  ranges  which  run  N.  nearly  parallel  until  tliej 
unite  in  Southington,  and  then  advance  into  Massachusetts.  Mt.  Carnif 
(near  the  station  of  the  same  name)  is  a  lofty  spur  from  the  E.  Ro 


J 

^'^n?e,  and  h  a 
""  ''«rtfle  iand., 
"'"Ci/e.shire,  a  n 
•^''"at<vj  the  £nj 

]"''■    WantsviS 

'"""'■'•'y  noted  fo 

on  iron-works,     s 

:•  '^"'J  the  Blue  Hi 

S'^""."d     R«iiroac 

,""■  ]''^'"<^  ^^  seen 

.     /'  "ch  n^eado. 

■Street  2  Af  7,.^ 

tl,e  T„  °"^  COl 

'r^'!'  from  them  b 
''f'-ei„]640_     T^t  ^ 

^^;^^''  '•'•"'  good. "     ' 

fSS5'S;f"«ahra 
f^'«^.good)th'"^«».  C, 

'"«me.s.s  Vifr  "*"^«  M'-'ri.s 

"'^"■^""lies?",'^^^'  t'yj 

n""'''t'"iVothprV"""'>er* 
khe."  "■"""«"»<> 


^W  HAVE.V  TO  NORTHAMPTON     ^,  ,    ,, 

Kan<^e,  and  is  composed  of..  '  ^'^'     ^^^ 

0"  fertile  lands.     iTe  1,-^T'°"«-     ^'-^mden  is  a  quiet  . 

"f  Cheshire,  a  pictnln      '^'''  ^^''^^'  «"d  Hitchcock'  ""^'^  *°^"' 

^•^'^^-  p^-tsvirrs  3tr;h'"r'  ''^""-  -'^^  >-  Xtd?^^^^  ^^^ 

'■onnc.Wy  noted  for  ex  ens"^^^^^^^^^        '"^^^  -  -  *"-"  by  the  Jatt       '^^"^ 
on  iron-works.     Station    P,         ,?''  "^^""factories   bu    .  "*'""' 

;■  «-;•'  the  BI.,e  Hiiro?tif  T"!^,--*'^  "-  ^-^"Xn^nafr 
'^".^'""d     Railroad      crosspV"ti.  "  P""'*  the  Net  York        ?     *^^ 

J'-i"«.-is  seen  abo't  TV  '  ^^^^"^^  -"te.     Statin  ;"''"  ^'^^'^ 
''      ''  nch  meadows  of  tt.P'"''"^  ^"  *  ^'^''^"tif-d  s^^ul.T       '"^'°^- 
■^t'-^'et  2M.  Ion.,  coml  ^''^^"""gton  River     a   ^"^tion  near  the 

^'- 'I'-'xi.s oth^sr * " ""^-"'^-  This fi ; at ;":' '^"^ ^^^^'^^ 

"-ir  cemeteries  and  Tt'^''^ '^^^^'  '^'^^  in  geat  nunf^  ''"^^  ^^ 
^onght  from  them  by  il'r^*^«  ^-e  been ":,";" ^!,--  /^-^  of 
J-ere  in  1640     T^^nf  .r    ^'''"^^  ^''^n*  Boston  andT  >  '  ^^"^  ^^s 

country,  and  for  the  citie    'f  v        ^"  ''"''   "^'^y  the  mn  f'  ''"'^^ 
^^^'"eth  him  good."         ""  "^  ^""^  ^oa;  and  the  Lrd  dT^ft  whil 

'SB^&^'SS^  ™  ^.^ew  Hartford  (14  M  )  bv.. 

'''^e;i  In  eitnn, .•,""'"»*»»  R^  is"  i.,^'"^  ^^'^^'^dow.    it  SJ^t.^e  stations 

,%«nJ  Parmi„gt„„  i,  Avo„  °"  '■'""«"''"  ««.  H,e  branch 

f""e  »!„„ ;  ,^ 7  ■-  '»*  o,  Macaco       VuZ"'^'-  ""'"'■  "- 

V""  hulhm  «JTi     """'■«»<>*  and  fled  b„t  tb   !     '^  ^'"S  Philip's 

|»"»oi".lai„  andfl        :;  "■"'  "'wplyto  the  S  p  .,  '   "''"*  I'M 


%\ 


-• 


t  ■ 


■p 
4 1 


,    «     KEW  HAVEN  TO  NOnTUAMITOK. 

V-  «.  i,or«li  stones  went  cU-ii"  tprs  Massachuseixs, ."» 

lage.     On  the  v>  ^^^^^^^^^^   ^^^,      nnes  k      o  ^^^^, 

fteld\magc,  .ndc,o.»UeMW     ^,_    N   E- to  Ho b*.   ^^,„,,„ 

Kivcr.     A  '"™*„X  ™:  ,„a.low  of  Wgl.  h-"-    f  f  'Xile  PonH-»y . 
SoutLampton  .s  """;'..„    Tom  looms  upon  the  r.,  ^^^_^^^.^, 

m.  xs  tatthc.  away         ^^_^  .^  ^^^         ,  'Luel  WiUiston,  who  has  also 
^^'""  ^'        lovved  with  S 250,000  by  Hon.  Samue  ^^^  g^^^^.,^,^,,, 

'"'Tl2foortoAmherstCollege,laj^-^^^  He  b.gan 

given  $  i^J,"""  ,     Pavson  Chnrcli  in  i^'  ^    |^  ^e 

Iri  has  3  tta«V*        tons  ri-ome  «ith  Ms  "*''  »*■  '"" 
:::;:::'— ry..nd  e^cted  a  f^^y-  ,„,,„.,..*. 

Twv  Tolu  station,  •} ''I- ^^-  1  ,^f  the  Connecticut,  ^Mi^" 

X.  trains  vnns  N.  hy  the  ^^  Xn^^  «„rthampto«  a.>  J^* 

/fo,/^«.*  0,vass.«orW,    o^  ^„  ,^    ,,„.  IJ-  »£',!;;, J 

William  C«*'®"    His  verses  were  V^^'^l  f  u  u  ^  ^^^^^^g  j ,  vi     j 

ingpoets  of  A|-«;:Snn  poem  of  '' T^^anf  opsis  ^^'^^^^^^.s     ,       e,  m  ^V  JJ 
and  the  grawUy  «  '^°»\^^\i,e  tinf  from  ^f.i^^;\,^  York  Evening  Post.  1 


BR.DOEPORTTO  WI.VST.O.        ^«,, ,,     j„ 


4  M.  from  Brid"'eiin.-+  +i,     ^    . 

possession  of  Derhv      n      i.  '  ""*'  "''i»ufactiirp«  J^n.         ^  """■»  "S 

«,ita.i,owcr      7f  ,.„;„,*     •  ''°"'  "'6  vil|„„e  ,„,i  ,«•    ,        ^^  8™' 
'-*,!cte,  of  "m°1*     "•'*''■  '">'"  «■■«  "'«  rl  •:?  f"  '""«"'» 


'        i 


I' 


0. 


1,1 


Kl 


I*  i- 


':!|i 


,    ,.        BMDOEPOBT  TO  WINSTED. 

.eat  of  t.e  Oo»,yea.  0>o.  ,-  «u«  C. ,  ^^^^  ^^  ,  , 

1^:^::^^^^^^^     

.  I?    n  run?  hence  »■  ^^-'.y.geat  of  LiU-untiu       » 

rciinsylvania,  ''lt»«'"-"  ,  ,.,,,„„  conn.     At  the  ' '<  ^    ,      ^  tract  on  tlic  S.  • '  i- 


'BB^m^i^m^B^^ 

Gnl  500,000  a.TCS  <tli«    /.?;,,„  Looilim.  f""''''''-  ."f,  ,  S 1, 200,000,  «lii«"  »"" 
£!.oycajla.U.B  tl,e;vanN.^^^  J- ,.„,,,,„,,c^«^^^ 


SSSeS ---'  -  "■:  :*:  :    „  „„..,  p,atea„,  1,100  n.  *v. 


„SSeS"nvc.»  a,  U.o  .a..  -    '       "  „,  ,,,00  ft.  o^.v. 

the  sea,  awl  comWs  .nanly  of  t  ^__^^^,^  ^„,,  '"'^.1  0  ^^^^^^^ 

cross  each  oth«  at  ™'  Jf„';^„,«,  and  font  on  a  Pj;  '«,«;'  '.^rta' 
„ear  the  intersection  of  these  a  jj^„eath  the  wonls      f  lo 

dorne^lhyasohUers'  '"--;    „eh^ -.vl.o  .'■e..  '"  '"Vr'i::Ue  * 
i,  a  list  of  nearly  60  <-";  .,^";'„„  the  S.  W.,  i'  B^-'f  ^^^^^  J 
Union.    2-3  M.  f^n   "^™*  'j,,  „„  state,  the  haunt  o    n,a,  ,^   J 
taining  900  acres  *« '»  S-t  f  ^,.^^,  T"  ™"lo  t  .el4 

and  scarcely  yet  .nv*a  h^  *e_^^  ^^^^^^     Near  North  St.     o^.>^^^^  J 

i  "  TmU       V.hieh  a  fascinating  •;-;:,X™  J,  d  stretch  a«,  j 
Prospect  H>"'   ™",  ...    „,,i„i,  snrronnd  the  plateau  an  ,„„J 

wilderness  of  h.fih  hdls  winch  ^,^.,_       ,„t„en  its  -""""^    ,J 

H,.  w.    Bantam  Lake  is  seen,  m  mansions  ol  b"   J 

!w  a  mile  distant,  and  *>«  |-  J>™-,  „,  Horji.  St    witii     ■   H 
are  on  the  plain  atove  it.     ««■"       „^,,  mansion,  which  has  he  n 

btr:rStt::'nr^--vo,cott.eew.nds„.j 


i. 


BnrDGKPoiiT  TO  wmrm 


*.-™i,„r„  Oliver W,,    „  """'        ''"'"""'■     "^ 

serried  in  1720      -n        .  ''"^  f^o'onv  of  p^,r,«    ■     ,^  •^j'uiia 

li'T"  isio    9«^'"ifjr  "'^  "lore  bra  ns  fhnn    '^'^'''"' «"''  Hush  ell      r.J''"'^  I'roiluced 

"^f  'vhich  tl.».  f..  •       ^^^S^^^^,  was  born  in  ikon     c         '       <^ssawa- 
^««<1  here-    r.;  *^'e  hne  of  Mad  Ri„         x      ^'   "arrow  vil- 


i^.:i 


v 


W 


114     lioxiUlf. 

17.   Bridgeport  to  the  Berkshire  HilK 

VU  .1..  """'•'"*  «  «■  "■  """■',      ,.„,„„  8)  the  line  enters  tl,c  v„l ,  y 

-"""?'":";  s:  '^.  /  c-"^-^''""-:  t'o  *  tC  ^  iu.  i. 


j,^,,.t«l!«' ■"»""»"•    ,.    ^_,„,    tue    Uou. 


^"\^t&  t^^:%T^r  j^sr^z^^^'  - 

stops  at  Kew  Hiwi;^^»  \     ^^u^.l-iu/and),   ^    o'^"^  -    ^ 

guests;    summer    onlv  ,     ^ 


viiwe    neui   tue 

e„     hct„rie»  for  maW„g  «'°7' .*;*;,!" o   tl>e  tobacco  trartcu-t" 
lie  which  is  furthermore  one  ot  th.  cetun.  ;„  the  s  »<«^ 

tZ.    „-"«-  "';r::^vi,rtlhomeof^i.e  sea,  - 

-;tmrr= :- 1  p-rcsx-tr  4 

such  Indians  as  Massa  »  t  ne^cr  ^^^^  ^  ^  „,  „     i«  J 

ir  tfa  iv;;f  ^^  --rrixKoi; 

fittingness  of  the  name  is  clear. 


^'ia  nanbury  and  Nor 


:i:;! 


S.  NOIIWALK  TO  DANHUUY.        Route  18.     115 


T: 


go,  of 


the 


forest^  anl 


Tlie  next  two  stiitiona  aro  in  Cornwall,  wliloh  town  was  sold 
in  1738  for  8  1,600  (4(5  sciuaio  M. ),  ami  sctllt'tl  in  the  same  yoar.  It  is  in 
a  (loiihlc  sense  the  ron^'host  township  in  the  county.  S.  Cornwall  is  sit- 
uated in  n  deep  valley,  and  hei-e  a  Fonugn  Mission  School  was  founded  in 
1810.  In  1820  there  were  19  Iiidi.ms  and  0  l^acilic-IslandiTs  studying  at 
the  school,  and  here,  in  I.SIS,  died  Ohooldah,  the  gifted  Hawaiian. 

l);iily  Htnj;o8  run  fmm  Coniwiill  nii(l;ie  to  Litehllcld  and  Sim'  ti,  n  d  from  W. 
Cuniwull  to  (ioslicn  ami  tin-  vIUmiji's  of  Coriiwall. 

(Iiishcii  is  ;i  lot'ly  town,  in  wlii'  li  arc  5  iiontls,  and  Ivy  Mt.  (the  JilKlicst  in  tho 
St;itt').  It  is  (listiii^'uislicd  tor  tlie  rirh  Ku^di^li  dairy  clici'se  (a  staiilc  of  Litrh- 
IliM  County)  wliicli  it  iiroduces  Here,  in  LSOO,  wua  born  Daniel  S.  Dickinson,  an 
eiiiiiiunt  jurist,  and  senator  from  Xew  York. 

Tlie  train  now  runs  along  the  narrow  valley  of  the  17  .tonic  with  the 
riil;:e  of  Sharon  on  the  W.  .lust  beyond  that  ridge,  and  extending  thence 
to  ihi'  N.  Y.  line,  i  •  a  rich  ami  fertile,  valley. 

Station,  Falls  Village  (Dudley  House  ;  and  a  snug  country  inn  in  the 
gk'ii  over  the  river).  The  (Hreat  Falls  of  the  Housatonic  are  near  the 
villa<;t',  and  form  a  line  sight,  the  river  plunging  over  rocky  ledges  for  CO 
it,,  with  a  trenien<lous  roaring.  A  near  scnitiny  of  the  Falls  is  unad- 
vi.salile,  as  its  vicinity  is  crowded  with  squalid  Irish  shanties,  while  the 
R,  R.  repair-shops  are  situated  above  thciii  on  the  site  of  the  Ames 
foundries,  which  produced  some  of  the  heaviest  iron  fortiess-cannon  dur- 
ing the  War  of  1861  -65.  When  President  Dwight  wrote  so  enthusiasti- 
cnlly  of  these  Falls  (about  1800)  they  were  surrounded  by  the  fitting 
adjinicts  of  a  great  primeval  forest.  2-3  M.  N.  W.  of  the  village  is 
Mi.  Prospect,  whose  cleared  sumndt  is  gained  l)y  a  rude  wood-road,  and 
affords  a  view  of  the  broad  valley  of  the  Housatonic.  At  the  foot  of 
Prospect  is  a  remarkable  group  of  rocks,  the  darkest,  deepest  nook  of 
which  is  called  the  Wolfs  Den.  W.  of  the  village  is  the  far-viewing 
Gallows  Hill,  where,  according  to  the  tradition,  tlie  corpse  of  a  negro  was 
once  found  hanging  from  a  tree,  and  no  one  ever  knew  how  he  came  there, 
or  wlio  lie  was, 

Daily  stages   to  Salisbury  and    fiime  Rock.     Station,  Canaan  (two 
country  hotels),  a  small  village  situated     u  the  upper  edge  of  the  valley 

nf  the  Blackberry  River,  with  the  great,  .  idgy  mass  of  Canaan  Mt.  on 

the  S. 

The  Conn.  Western  R.  R.  crosses  the  present  luute  nt  Canaan,  and  nms  W. 
through  the  rare  scenery  of  Siallsbury  (see  Route  20).  At  the  next  station 
(.\slilcy  Falls),  the  line  enters  the.  County  of  Berkshire  and  State  of  Massachu- 
setts. For  the  remaining  35  M.  of  this  niilroad  line  see  the  "  Berkshire  Hills" 
1  (Route  -13). 

18.  S.  Norwalk  to  Danbury. 

Via  Danbury  and  Norwalk  R.  R.  in  24  M.    Fare,  90c.     Stations,  Nor- 
|"''''i",  H'innepauk,  S.  Wil'on,   IVilton,  Cannon's,  Georyeton-n,  Bianchvlut. 


'*J<g'JBg!'.'W^W«'-Bl.iJL-q^  ^IW.W 


116     Rorde  18.      S.   NORWALK  TO  DANBURY. 


'li 


%\ 


Bidgafield,  on  a  short  branch,  is  a  lovelj'  rural  village,  and  is  situated  on 
a  lofty  ridtje  crowned  with  ancient  trees,  and  overlooking  the  Sound. 

During  Tryon's  raid  into  the  State  (May,  1777),  the  militia  withstood  the  Hes- 
sians behind  a  barricade  in  Ridgeficld.  It  cost  Tryon  170  men  to  take  the  frail 
defence,  but  Gen.  Wooster,  the  American  leader,  was  mortally  wounded.  S.  G. 
Goodrich  was  born  here  in  1793.  He  wrote  1'70  books,  most  of  which  were  undrr 
the  name  of  "Peter  Parley."  His  works  attained  tlie  enormous  sale  of  fjvor 
7,000,000  volumes.  His  brother.  Rev.  C.  A.  Goodrich,  and  his  son,  F.  B.  Good- 
rich ("  Dick  Tinto  "),  have  also  won  fame  as  authors. 

Station,  Reading,  where  Putnam's  rude  eloquence  quelled  the  revolt  of 
the  Conn,  line  (1779).  Joel  Barlow,  born  here  in  1755,  some  time  minister 
to  France,  was  author  of  a  fine,  but  forgotten  einc,  the  "Columbiad." 
In  1783  -  86,  he  was  one  of  the  authors  of  the  "  Anaichiad,"  in  connec- 
tion with  David  Humphreys,  Jonathan  Trumbull,  and  Timothy  Dwight, 
concerning  which  transatlantic  critics  wrote  the  pasquinade  beginning, 


"  Dnvid  nnd  Jonathan.  Joel  and  Timothy, 
Over  thu  ocean  set  up  the  hyniu  of  the  — " 


Cro.ssing  Bethel  (junction  of  the  Shepaug 
ters  Danbury  (Wooster  House,  Tamer  House). 


R.  R.),  the  train  en- 


Danbtirywas  "ankle-deep  in  pork-fat"  in  May,  1777,  when  Tryon's  Hessians 
had  destroyed  the  army  supplies  collected  here.  It  is  said  that,  as  the  raiders 
were  advaricinj;  up  a  hill  near  by,  a  reckless  farmer  rode  to  its  crest  and  shouted. 
"Halt,  the  wlail-;  universe,  break  off  by  kingdoms  1"  Alanued  at  such  a  fdiini- 
dablc  force  the  /T^ssiaus  halted,  threw  out  artillery  to  the  front,  and  deployed  a 
li.ie  oi  kirmishers.  In  1764  Robert  Sandeman  came  to  Danbury  (where  he  died 
in  1771),  and  founded  a  sect  on  the  dogma  that  "faith  is  a  bare  belief  in  a  bare 
truth. "  In  1870  tliere  were  20  members  of  this  church  in  the  U.  S.,  and  they  were 
divided  into  2  sects. 

Tne  first  American  hat -factory  was:,  started  here  in  1780,  when  Zadoc 
Benedict,  with  3  men,  made  3  hats  a  day.  Now  there  are  10  companies 
in  the  business,  with  $  500,0v  3  capital,  4  of  which  make  216,000  hats  a 
year. 

Tlie  boron^h 
iias  about  12,000  inhabitants,  9  churches,  4  banks,  a  public  library,  the 
county  buildings,  and  a  great  school,  of  which  Danbury  is  justly  proud. 
Main  St.  is  1^  M.  long,  and  from  Deer  Hill  a  neat  view  of  the  town  is 
gained.  Lalce  Kenosha  (2  M. )  is  a  favorite  resort,  and  is  a  pretty  lake, 
with  good  boating  and  fishing.  Powerful  water-works  supply  the 
borough. 

Near  Danbury  is  a  pretty  cemetery  of  100  acres,  containing  a  nonu- 
ment  40  ft.  high,  erected  by  the  Masons  of  Conn,  to  Gen.  Wooster.  He 
founded  the  first  lodge  in  the  State  (Hiram,  of  New  Haven),  and  was  shot 
at  the  Ridgefield  fight.  A  mon'.iment  is  raised  to  67  soldiers  (in  tiiC  Se- 
cession War)  of  Danbury,  who  are  buried  elsewhere. 


"  They  sleep  their  last  sleep. 
They  have  fought  their  last  battle, 


Xo  sound  shall  awake  them 
To  glory  again." 


19. 

,  Br  the  New  Y 

«Dci\ewLondofl 

-After  cross Jn 
f''esfe,-  lu-ae  \ 

^^'"^^-     It  then 

tersecfing  the  O. 

franklin  (Cet 

"'•'''y  endowed  I 
coiifauis  over  200 

the  W  ^^"'l^>m 

'^  ft.  i.s  crosse 
""^  ilnr?    /.. 

•  """  Jronsunie 

t,„     ,      .'^"s.   ^vor.stel 

,"""^-'ui,et;  ?""••' 

;7  ^  "^''^'"»  (a  viHa., 

■  "'"■Ij)    Sl.rL     -^^'"W-Ood    J 

I  ^tiHa  iiiini.1 


BOSTON   TO  NE^y    , 

^vv    iORK.        Route  19.     I17 

Ader  crossing  ll,o  s.  B„s,„„  fl„„  ,,     ,.  " 

ililKv      ft  then  oror,ses  briirlit  W...        ?      ^'     '*^'  ^"<^  ^''«^^'«  of  \h,>  v\ 

A  battle  with  the  In.linna  *    ,  "^'^^  ^'«ts,  boots  &c 

.M»  ..rtiool  of  tl,i,„„*''i^»"''l  '•;«.]n..n».  «.£  ,"S  •.  :?TJT "i'"'  "  -o™  St 

the  WooiisocKet  n;,--  •'  Franklin;    Proo„,o^7.,./    ,       ,. 

W,.r  P   r/  """"  '«  '"t<-'''--ecte,l.^/„,,r  •^««^'''^«,  where 

J"--  J-  R.  ..s  crossed,  and  whence     ''      f"""''  ^'''^''^  *'•«  Prov  & 
Z'^^'-.  and  Ironstone,  in  (j,e  n  ''^'^-^  ^"^^'^'^'s  ''»"  to  Slater.viMe      r// 

oi 'alve.  a,id  highlands,  with  5  chn    f  '  *''"'  "  ^«"f"- ^'  old)  a  hn  ^ 

From  P   Ti  *-iiirclies.  a  ivmr,..  n  '    "■"/.  a  lana 

1.  .in'  "'"'"'«"  ■■"""on  tl,e  Web.  "r&To,', 1,1 '■'■'?■'  ".i"'  ''«''-=l'""l. 

« "ell  farinin'^  f„w.,..       .     ^^"'^'^>'  t'»e  seat  of  the  V;,.i,ni     a      .    ^    ^- 

•■^'t'^''  crossing  (liao■on■lJlv^t:  .  "^"'''  ^""■^*^'  ''•'  ^^  ''"^     "  ^'^^^■'""'-^•-  «f  <^ot- 
huimiJiM-i   M     i     .     °        v' "'"  Jiii'i?e  town  of  'ri 

N^'"'^S3SSga5iiS=3 

i-iob^»oct,  the  C'oaaec- 


^   ■,  f   - 


'   •■!• 
t  ■ 


;   t.'  M  J'' 


.xif.m.ij.'is 


SBsam 


118      Route  10.       BOSTON   TO   NEW  YORK. 


:  V 

:  1 

•   1* 

•  i 

I:   A  I 


;:i 


tieiit  A'alley  in  miniature."  Woodstock  Lsike  is  a  beautiful  sheet  of  water.  NViir 
l).v  i-i  Henry  G.  Bowen's famous  e.state  of  Roselancl  Park;  and  many  pretty  sum- 
uur  villas  are  in  tliis  region.     The  local  polo  club  ha.s  a  high  renown. 

S.  W.  of  Woodstock  (passing  Crystal  Lake  on  the  way)  is  Abhfurd,  a  sec-liulcd 
rural  town.  Hero  was  horn  Thomas  Knowlton,  who  fought  in  tli«  six  caniii!!i;,'iis 
ending  in  the  conquest  of  Canada,  and  then  in  the  Havana  cxiiedition.  lie  led 
the  Ashford  minutc-nicn  to  tlie  lines  at  Cambridge,  and  fought  witli  tlieiii  at 
Bu:iker  Hill.  While  coinnianding  a  light  infantry  reg.  he  was  killed  at  its  head  in 
the  battle  of  Harl<.'ni  Hiights  (177(j). 

His  grand-ntsphew  was  the  knightly  Lyon.  Nathaniel  Lyon  was  born  at  Asli- 
ford  in  1810.  He  was  engaged  in  tlio  Fhirida  War,  the  Mexican  War  (woundc  il  ut 
the  Belen  Gate  of  Mexico  City),  and  the  Kansas  Free-State  War.  In  May,  18(11, 
while  cohuuanding  at  tSt.  Louis  Arsenal,  with  a  liandail  of  Regulars  and  scvcrii 
regiments  of  loyal  Missourians,  he  cajiturcd  u  large  r(d>el  camp  and  army  near  tl.v 
city.  13y  rapid  movements  and  hard  l)lows,  he  saved  Missouri  to  the  Uidon,  Imt 
was  at  last  confronted  at  Wilson's  Creel;  liy  a  force  4  times  as  large  as  hi.s  uwu, 
composed  of  disloyal  Missouriana,  Arkansians,  and  Texans.  Disdaining  to  tltc, 
lie  led  his  little  army  again  and  again  to  the  attack,  until  he  was  shot  dead  wliil' 
lieadiUii  the  foremost  tiles  of  a  char;;ing  reginient.  He  let  his  fortune  (•■<  30, (iii.) 
to  the  government,  to  aid  in  putting  down  the  rebellion,  and  after  a  sdicimi 
triumjihal  transit  across  the  country  his  body  was  laid  to  rest  in  the  village 
churcliyard  at  East.oi'd. 

The  peojde  of  Ashford  were  nltra-orthodox  in  the  old  days.  One  day  while 
they  were  whipping  a  nonchurch  goer  on  the  public  Green,  a  stranger  rode  up 
and"  cried,  "Men  of  Ashford,  you  serve  God  as  if  the  Devil  was  in  you.  Uo  ymi 
think  you  can  whip  the  grace  of  God  into  a  man?  Christ  will  have  none  bia 
volunteers."  Then  he  spurred  away,  leaving  the  little  Inquisition  of  AslifoiJ 
astounded,  conlused,  and  ashamc.l. 

In  1773,  Eliphalet  Nott,  D.  D.,  the  distinguished  educator,  and  President  of 
Union  College  (IHOi-OO)  for  02  years,  was  born  at  Ashford.  Galusha  A.  Grow 
was  born  at  Ashford  in  1823.         • 

Stations,  Daysville  and  DanieLsonville,  ])usy  villages  engaged  largely  in 
the  cotton  manufacture  (the  former  turning  out  2-10  miles  of  fancy  cassi- 
meres  and  540,000  yards  of  cotton  cloth  yearly).  Tliese  stations  are  in 
the  large  town  of  Killingly,  which  occujiies  part  of  the  Indian  districts  of 
Attawangau  and  Miinietixit. 

This  region  is  rich  in  Inilian  traditions,  the  most  ciu'ious  of  Avhich  is  nttadicd 
to  Mashapaug  Lake,  ^  M.  N.  of  Daysville.  Far  back  in  the  ante-colonial  days,  the 
Indians  were  accustomed  to  ludd  revels  on  a  liill  on  tiie  site  of  this  lal-f.  liut, 
<mce,  after  a  luerry-malcing  four  days  long,  the  Great  iSpirit  became  olliinlnl 
their  riotous  orgies,  and,  as  he  struck  out  i.he  foundations  of  the  hill,  it  saiik:ii| 
deep  waters,  carrying  down  all  the  assembhige  of  the  teasters.  Of  all  the  tfi'' 
one  woman  alone  was  saved  on  an  island  which  still  stands  in  th;'  Iil;i'.  ' 
still,  clear  days,  a  great  submerged  forest  may  be  seen  under  the  deepest  v.aUisj 
A  village  of  the  Narragansetts  on(;e  gave  the  Nipnuicks  (who  inhabited  tliis  il'*j 
trict)  a  grand  sea-shore  feast  of  (dams  and  tish.  The  next  year  tliey  were  i^^■t' 
into  this  hill-country  to  eat  venison  in  the  wigwams  of  the  Niimiucks.  Oiii 
fiuarrel  arose  during  the  feast,  and  the  guests  from  the  sea-shore  were  maasai'iu 
The  Narragansett  trilie  took  action  on  the  matter,  and  marched  a  stn 'a;:  tur 
into  the  Nipnmck  country,  only  to  receive  a  severe  defeat  at  the  lords  uf  tl 
Quincbatig. 

5  M.  W.  of  Daysville  is  Pomfret,  which  was  settled  by  Roxbiiry  (Ma* 
people  on  the  rich  lands  of  Masliamo(inet,  ui  the  year  l(iS7.  'in  roiidivt  is  tl 
Wolf  Den,  where  the  intrejiid  I'utnam  descended  in  tlie  darkness,  alone,  and  kiM 
a  great  wolf  which  had  been  the  terror  of  the  bnvn. 

S.  of  Pomfret  and  4.  M.  W.  of  Danielsonville  is  the  pretty  village  of  Brod 
l.Mi(l'utnam   House).     This  is  the  county-seat  of  Windham  Co.,  and  l.as  a 
liaed  and  t'ultivated  society,  \vhile  its  broad  streets  are  lined  witli  statily"! 
and  line  mansions.     The  Unitarian  Church,  on  the  Green,  is  the  only  i  liiaviij 
that  sect  in  the  btale,  and  the  building  is  more  than  a  century  old. 


^  ^-  of  tiie  Villa. 


^'lli'mt  2"}.  *^^-iee 


Stations,  Waure^ 
eef 


'•^'•e  the  //n 

"'"'eft  ru,        '   ""' 


J'assei 
tiie  ,Ve 


Aft  " 


or 


thi 


Soing  on 


"■'"■^^^  ^^^e  n.ov 


'e  eveiil 
^JOanJ 

i'"  '«,„  r  c  ™"^ 


^"d  \Ve,t 


o»  of 


m. 


.11. 


UUl, 


•^  'u  the  tr  I,;.-    •'"■•-•''^ers 


[ctn 


v'"' 


'«i"Kii;i:'' 


by 


^^^^^^^ 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK 

ii^iliigiii 
l^PiiiMlii 

'Staff «1     nir.     Al,    •  O     "'G 

;™f  '^  a  P««y  .at  !;,     f  .^-  °f  *«  station,.    Q„„„,a„;p„„,  ^^  „ 
tkelorm  of  a  pillar  „f  fl^e  at  mTl,  •  ^"'''••■'S''""^''"'  flsl,i„„.|ir,i,t  °"1  '^  *^.'- 

I»«  tl.ro„glf  a  ,"  ,      "''T'"'  "'  •''=««  City  a^      '"■°  ''"■»°  ^"^•"■*-' 
''"  ^-ew  Lent:  S,  rfi'""  "^  '"'*     At  Cw^^llf "  ""  '""» 

'*■'  'ate  ,„  t.,e  ev";    :.'^™'  -"  «-"  the  .tea^oat  tl.^ al""/" 

Alter  "Oilier  nn  V       ,  ""dir  at  J\o;v 

"■««  *e  ir.  r'   ';•  "'-"W,  „a«„ge.  „„„„,    , 

""!  i"  the  morn  r f «        '1™'  ™*'"»  "'  Lo,^  W      ■'T'""'''' """  ''''^"P 

I*  ".»..ext  pier  r*s  2%    ''''  '""'  "'  P'er  M  No  rt,!";''™'  •■"'" 
"'"  '"""nal  static,,     f.,'  '°"y  'o  Jersey  Oit,-    '  f""'  '">'er,  and 

I'   ".    v'i;,''*"*  *^«»te  between  Bosfn        .  '^'''  ^'''  ^-' "    -a 

r<^'i^iaO  hours?  ^''^^^"towu.  and  xNew  luvi'^i.^SV'^'-^^S'' «'- '^^to, ,. 


ifcK^y 


i^tii. 


HABTFOBD  TO  SALISBURY. 


;iu 


A   vlltanv  Station.    Ui3iaii«.c 
TralM  leave  the  Boston  »nd  Albany  stations,  Dp.*- 

a  far-vicwmt^  l\'il. '" ^^  ^" ,n,is  scliool  is  m  lii.i^»„^,fj  ....^ers  tlivee  years. 

Baptist  dc"""V"Sn  a  1^5     The  OA.ursc  «' ,f^^^giXS.dvUle.     Upyer  J^^J  ,^  ^i,,^ 

•^vYdS-W-Ste.- railroad. 

V„  t,,  Connecticut  western  B.  B-  ^^^^^^^,, 

(see  Koute  15).     At  tins  pomt  ^^^^.^^^^  ^^  Zlt^'M 

'^'-'^ntt^f  Sot  J;tee,  ."*■  ^^~;Sh-.  ^«- 1 
:;,,.Ul.HU»o«ntaln- 

■„w  rud  the  moneys  paui  «"  i„vivdiu"-plii^'2=^   ^'"'^  lliHiui 

-"%^,:ite^;aMt::t.o^:-«-,a„d.... 


— *u6eiiS^,^i!j:j 


^^^^r%^..^. 


«ALlSi!t7iiY. 


"pst  prominent  elevation  in  h       •      "^  ^""'"^ ''^-     ^21 

j">icl^,„wi,h  theH„„      °"'  ""=  """'yof  tlie^l,  lu""""'  «fter  heavy 
«»iiroad  (Route  ^'™»'''7'<='  "--"sat  C,„ t,,*  ^^^"^  «--  to  J 

of  Salisburv    tl,.  '^""iville,  Ore  Hill  an^  '  V'»"™<',  Tmn  Lakes 

-'■'"^.  i"  grasses  «L^''""*«"is  flowL-  w^^^"*  succession  orhn?'°^  nioiintain! 


jii 
1, 


;'f  .  a  fords  aJto'.fthPr^i^'^^  "«»«%  St  p!S"''  ^^'"^  l^ekutif«r«;^  "'^  *^-  «'-e 
"'"•■JithisneiVrhbnw  .  '^  "'"^''t  ben.iHft.T  "'"spect  Hjjj  ,,,,?'}•"'•  «nd  worthy  of 
^'"-.V.  are  /-rom  r!.  /'"^'^  <iboiuids  "    /t^'^"'  view  of  any  of  fh/  '^  ^^'^  PaUs  Vil. 

g'ain.  and  tJiPn  f    .1       "'"^"^  ^^ads  for  2  ]\f  ^ 

^°^^'^d  to  the  ham  e  °of  T       '"'^"''  *^«  ^oad  down    h.      "'^''"'^  ^^"«>'- 

^: "'«  Mountain  Pond  '    p  "''  ^^^^  ^^^k  on  Mt  fi'!    ''  5*^-  °^  Sharon. 

'^''S  the  edge  of  a  ,  ^^"  ^' ''  *  ^^^  oi"  easv  ^f  ^*'     ^'°'"  ^^^^'^bury 

^  ^«^J  leads  tl  ITT:  '"'^•^  ^^th  reso  uS   K  ?  '  '^'''  ''  *^«  -ay 

r^"*  '"•-t  be  n  ad?  t  !    'T  ''  *^«  ^ase  o    Sd  P   T'^'''  -^-^es' 

?r'"^  -b-X  onTifr'-     '^"^  View  tl  S'  "'^"««  '^-  -- 
J'^'  ^-  on  the  c   ,r  "^  ^-  "le  OI,Jon<r    r     ,         '^  summit  is  vervr 

l^'  f'anaan  Mt     R  '''^^^^^'^«'''"^s«  of  hig^    ^-j^  f  l''!'"'^  ^"^^  CatsIuII  Alts  [' 

K  '^'  "  ^oad  over  thP  r      ^  '  °"'  ''-^'^  '-'^'turn  to  S.M  "'*''*  °^ 

t -^^'^  '^'^'ling  down  f         r^"  "^  "^«  ^^^^  or  C  a  O    ?  I"'^'  '^"  ^^^e- 

r'-    There  are  '^l      '      '  ''"tre  of  the  iron!     •  ^     "^  ^'""'^^  «f  the 


^:T 


fvi'l 


■'! 


i 


lA 


*r.ii 


■*v.  * 


\-i 


S 


."   1 ' 


122    AMie  «>■ 


SALISBURY. 


122    Ji'X't'  ^-  „i„er8  ot  Salisbury 

„f  N  W.  Conn.    In  Aprd,  1861.  ™«  „^mon-ta«s. 

the  streams  of  N.  w,  „ment,  to  be  'n""'"       ^^„  „„a  lies 

'"''"•f  theToUey  family,  I-""' '=y*°^°:rdvtae,  long  P«siaei.t  o 
sion  of  the  ""     '       jj„„„y   the  Umtaiiai    a        ,  ,^_,  ^,_,, 

Wrthlilaee  of  Horace  n      j  ^^    jj„i,„y_  the  N. 

.j„„,ylvama  U";""'''^'  ^"„t  the  same  lake  are  seen  i^^ 

•*""'""''•  r  «:e  s;:te  z ;it^  for  the  If  «*;;:;  i\tf::;iion, ,... 

,„,,  „.„n,mo,.=.U.  »bout^«^\  ^„,„,  In,Uanm    A^  1-    |„„„ 

Copl:l«on  on  tbe  iWom  H^K  Jl"s  _^  ^^^  __^^^^  „^,,,,  ,,,„ 

traetions  in  its  beauty  ,  Bash         ,  ^_^,.^^^^y_  „gg„i  fall 

„ost  remavhaWe  for  gra  v---    1.  ^^^^^,,^^^  «  to  b       S^    _ 

cascades,  ««'*  ^'td  ilant  mosses,  l-'-',' "^  ;.TorU  to  *| 
softness  by  vanoM..>  ana  a  ^^  ^  ^^^„„,  t,om  i^c-* 

^jix^.  t:,h::;-  ->=:.-- ^^i  J 

tale  the  >n>t  P''*'"  *i'y,e  L„,-er,  Twin,  and  Uppe    ^JJ 

^*S  if:  stnefoT;.'  stereographs,^     Vrs^m*"  "--J 
resentea  in  .1  »  i-,onk)   *' which,  it  >ou  luvc  i 

1.  side  ot  the  water  ^r.  Iwalc),  I 


SALISBURY. 


''eauty,  will  be  worth  all  .K  '  ^'''"'' ^'^^     ^^^ 

rock,,.    Heavy  rff'    "'°"8''  ">«  path  is  8„o„  ?'!f-  ""'•  """"l""'  the™ 

" «""«=.  r:,;:  t :;  ™  j-^  a^e  nee.:™  i:  r  i::*f ,.  *ao.,  „, 

"'0  "ilain  roa.I  leads  f„ 7^!  ^''  "."™™l  '''"e  »cco,„nI,„,«7r  .      f  "''■ 

From  San:,;,:;'"  "'^'  '"r  »--'■         '  °'  "^  ™'"«.  "-t 

j;-  Twin  laies  a™ afaerr™ '7"  "'"  ^'^'^^ZZr'''''"'' 

1.  throuc^h  thp  f}.,-  I  "^-  shore  of  W-mhin.  ^^'^  ''^'"e  seen 

•ml  entered      ,,  ,       '  "«  ""'""oe,  tore  aivav  tT,.    ,".        °  "'  and   the 
-»«et.p  '  °    "'""a'-the  cave,  whe"  «,    Lf  ™  "■"'"  *«  hole 

"■™I-     The  curio,,,  f„  '""  '^■'  ami  its  course  tr.   ,  '"  ''avem 

'■■  on»  place  a  to  !  K?  •  "'•'"""''•'  ""y  «"'"gm Te  frf  ■'„"'"■">•  ''°"- 
^-  0,  stala:tS:[orr™' facing  "- «"  -■  nXr^^"  ""»• 
""'•els  are  fou„d  ,  ''"'"'  from  the  roof.     ^  '  "^''^  """'■ 

"■''«as  "e,l~r,  "','"'"'="'■"«=  lakes.     Mr  r!.  i""*"  a"<l  station   of 
*-  ^  'or  th: seT'L  tf'"!-     '^"'  *'^-h„'^^f :;,r  ^»  °f  "«  la^e 

«-.a„deve„-rr«-^^^^^^^^^^^ 

Salisbury  ^a  '   ""       ^^tchfield 

^13  portn?. ;/',''    ».t''^^t  Alpine  ]"X^^^^^^^   T'».s  was  the  far  lest  th    '"^  '^"•'1'"* 


^:-.!.   f/ 


J  I 


t'Ml'- 


i  ; 


1  ,, 


lll^ 


•    < 

-:     ^l 

m 

m 

1  »■ 

124    R.UUU.         BOSTON  TO  »W  VOKK. 

2t  Boston  to  Hew  York.        ^^^^,^„^„„„„„ 

the  lurgc  cities  ot  ^\"i',f;'^f^,V  a  P^^^^  distam^o.     E^^^'^^yg  in  the  inonunK.  «>ne 
n^t  «f  thn  Connecticut  tor  a  t'^  ipav  na  Boston  at  j  i»  ,.,.  p  ^j    one 

gS'JjIicir    tt  inomins.  „,  South  .,.1 

The  t.a™  leave,  the  terminal  depot  -  BostoM  ^^^^,  ,^„^,,     «     ,. 
Kneetanrt  Streets),       aiul  V>»»»7f /J^^  i,  given  of  the  eompact  an, 
m'Tu  arv-oaehed  on  the  r.,  »nd  a  ""'J  ;™     \^  hou« dotne.    Beyon.l 
!,re:LlentpartsotB„»ton^c.v«,.dhthe^^^ 

Iv,.  oMv  and  apparently  at  the  enti  oi  Cambridge  lifts  Utr 

Z  tX^  ^^^  "'  °""'rr  '^,e  1    ;  ™t.  the  town  of  Bro* 
.  ^        tl„.  nearer  western  shores.     1  li«  """  .  ^,.i5J,(„,i  Cattle 

r  i2^o+r>r.      The  sheds,  >aru&,         i  a<i  far  back  as  iso/,  xn'^ 

needs  of  Boston,      i"'^  f,,,,  «nnves  of  veavs.     A^  lar  uc,^. 

Lmess  has  been  ''f-f'^j/^r     the  station  is  seen  the  tow«  on    H. 
yearly  sales  were  S2.|00     "^    ^^  ^^^^^^,.^„_  "^rtaf  ^^v    (— ., 
^:S'  't:r\:  next  entered  a «*..y™h«than^.t,    ( 
^»';^00,000,.ithapjMt»of.O^«^^^^^^^^^^^ 

rnrs"rt"^-'^/u^^^^^^^ 

ohSed)     This  village  has  a  pt-Wtc  IthwJ  i„  Waltham  it  ^ 

l;ttSt:L«iea,S— at>^t;rSm 

now  passes  Newtonville  (H  M-  ^-       .       ,  ^^d  Auburndale  (the 

the  Laselle  Female  ^e"  marj^^^^^^^   a  branch  track  runs  S    to  the 
Newton.     ^^-^^  ^^^^f  ^^fy  J,'     Stations,  Grantville  ^\^^l\,,, 
factories  at  Newton  Upper  J^^^-        .icture.que  -^Y^  and      eiimo^ 
residence  village),  a^jVJTf  "fr  '  c4Zey  (sununer-board),   and 

w»tict  (  W''l«»  "'"^}     „;■„     A  branch-line  runs  «•  ™ 's^atatv 
J^l  V  "S  S  WanW  «"'  -Ve«?Xt"    1  M%%aee !'-  I 

'    K-i  t^t  g  «;t!:f ;rpii;n  Si»=  oU^  -., 


were  as  follow 


^"''etymanHowe,  ofs 


r«  young  Henry  Wales. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK 

ruKK.  Route  HI      \'2'\ 

In  1G51  the  Christian  trih*    f  xr  ^-      i^J 

'THLe  ill  ifi(i:j  fsiM'nm  Jr.  ^'""'  '■■»»;,'u.'.L'e  bv  .-linf  ."''^^  "^''^'' the  river 
An.'!o-Aineri>...ui.,.  and  died  nit  r,  h '"''  '"*''  "'"  ""'"•'"r  m";  „  f  '"'""y-  *''« 
of  n..sto„  ,.s  cvrie,!  to  that  city  by  XnJ'       ■ "  "'^'''^'  '^^'  ^^'^ter  sunJ 

cunp-meefing  irround    m,«    «  '""""«'   a^'d  ,s  „oa,    the  ,rr,..,t   vr,  h     ■ 
f  \T       .       "  si'>'"ijii,   .He    Sinirl/iv- t,„i,,,  I  Ai'tat  iUt'tliodm*- 

'■':  "".•.<i.°» :..;:", ,:/°';,:""  '™p-«. '•:.„'„:.  ^  :^;x 

A  ra,i„„.  „,„,  1^  '«'■  11.11  .»  (1,0  Slate  Normal  School 

I  With  ffi^o? ^^fo^t^'lCFlf,  ""-^--^^ 


r- yo„„,  Henry  WaJ    r"'''^"*^'"" 


i:^ 


126    Route  Zl. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  \OUK. 


r?ool  .fc.nbri.l^e  '''''Ij,,^       'translator  of  l)anlcH     ^n  ernj    g^^^^^j^.^,,,.. 
Bu     •  The  inn  HtiU  stands.  ^M.J^^^^           ^^^^/l^.'^^^h!  ce  »J.^         'v  o;.nM..>nv 
ca  >tain  v..s  U>U.l  a         ,  «^^  ^  ^..^eU. „  ^,,„,,,i,a:n  to  Fitcbburg.     S    ■ 


farmini^  town  oi  "  "'-j-^i^;,,,,  village  ot  '-^^'^  '''.'"T^oi;  <•  unifcnnnly  retuse.i  ua^.  ■ 
site  of  the  Christian  niuuvn  ^^^j,  (IWA)-  1(<  D  ^,„„^ent  route  connects  v H 

t  ron.  S.  Framii-gLam  the  »»"^"!;°  „,,,,,    station,  ABWa.>d(Cc  ■ 
tt 'often  approaches  and  »- ^Xir^estW  (Wesftor.  H<^^ 

Th-ere  are  three  spnngs.aHdffeaA  .^  ^^^^,^,^^„,  ,,,„rt,  and 

+1,^  oh\ei  ingredients.     ii"S  wa 

Indians.     Shrewsbury  ^«^    ^^^^^^j,,.  Keg.  at  the  ^^^."^.^  of 
Artemas  Ward,  ^najor  o^      8t       ^^  ^  ^1'^       ine  of 

n7'')8^   and  commander  ot  tue  m    .>  ^^^^,^^^^  the  tir>,t  u 

mail  stages  hetwee..  Bo^ton  ™d  ^^  ^^^^  ^,^^^^^  '",7 '  bnrf-  " 

MmCury  vmage, '  «•  ^t  ^ r"^  ta,uu,  u-'-'--' :  r,:!'; 

^r^'^l.t^o-S-  *:::    ..»  H„.e,s  are  the  U>a.d  H,„.,e 


AVOUCKSTER. 


Route  il      127 


fTotel  Eyrie.  Dummy  cars  aiul  omnibuses  run  hither  several  times  daily 
from  Worcester;  and  small  steamboats  run  hourly  to  tlie  Eyrie,  King's 
I'oiiit  (small  hotel),  the  Narrows,  Qtiinsigamond  Park,  and  Iloldeu'a  Grove. 

Worcester. 

Hotels.  —  Tinv-Stato  House,  !?3  ,10,  corner  of  ^Inin  nnrl  Kxchancre  Sts. ;  Wnooln 
IIoii.<(',  .«3.50,  KIni  St.;  Waldo  House,  Waldo  St.;  Kxchan),'e  Hotel;  Wavcrley ; 
Elniwood,  on  Webster  Pqunro  ;  United  States. 

Ilorsn-cars  on  Main  St.,  from  Webster  Square  to  Adams  Square,  on  Lincoln 
St. ;  luid  0(1  Fnnt  St.  to  the  Union  llnilroad  Station. 

I  fad  A,  00  cts.  encli  nas.^enger  within  the  mile  eirelo.  Jlcrtlics  run  regularly  on 
Main,  Front,  and  IMoa.«ant  Sts.,  &e. 

Stiises  to  Quinsifjaniond,  .'^.  Worcester,  Onkham,  Shrew<!bury  (5  M.),  and  Marl- 
boro", Leicester  (G  M.),  and  Sp«'nccr,  Paxton  (8  M.),  Ooldbroolt,  and  Barre. 

JkiiiIr«>a(lH,  to  Providence  (Route  10),  Norwich,  Nashua  (Uoute  13),  Albany 
(K()ute'22),  Barre,  Gardner,  Fitchburg,  Bostf)u,  and  Lake  Quinsigaiuond. 

Worcester,  the  second  city  in  wealth  and  population  in  the  Common- 
wealtli,  and  the  capital  of  Worcester  County,  is  situated  among  a  group 
of  hills  on  the  Blackstone  River.  Its  manufacturing  interests  have  risen 
rapidly  to  a  commanding  position,  being  favored  by  the  central  location 
of  the  city,  and  the  large  railroad  system  converging  there.  The  popida- 
tion  is  over  G5,000.  There  are  4G  churches,  and  5  societies  of  Irisli,  3  of 
Germans,  2  of  French-Canadians,  and  others  of  English  and  Swedes. 

Worcester  claims  the  name  of  an  academic  city,  in  virtue  of  its  numer- 
ou.s  tine  schools.     Its  Classical  and  English  llirih  School  employs  4  mas- 
ters and  5  assistants,  and  has  a  noble  building,  which  is  surmounted  by  a 
gmciiiul  tower  terminating  in  a  spire.     This  tower  is  a  copy  of  one  of 
the  best  European  campaniles,  but  is  unfortunately  too  slender  in  com- 
parisou  with  the  heavy  mass  of  the  building.     Near  Main  St.  on  the  S. 
is  the  celebrated  Oreac?  Seminary     (now     closed),    in  picturesque  stone 
buildings  located  on  a  hill  and  surrounded  by  ti'ees.     The  castle-like 
structure,  with  embattled  towers,  on  a  commanding  hill  S.  E.  of  the  city 
was  built  for  a  Medical  School,  but  is  now  used  as  an  academy  under  the 
care  of  the  Baptist  Church.     The  Roman  Catholic  College  of  the  Holy 
Cross  occupies  an  extensive  range  of  imposing  buildings  on  Packachoag 
Hill,  2  M.  S.  of  the  city,  and  is  well  attended  by  the  youth  of  that  church 
from  all  parts  of  New  England.     A  State  Xorvial  School  occupies  a  hill 
E.  of  Lincoln  Square,  and  across  the  valley  to  the  W.  are  the  buildings 
of  the  Free  Institute  of  Industrial  Science,  with  lectures,  laboratories, 
niacIiine-slio;»s,  and  ;ill  appliances  for  learning  young  men  to  be  practical 
architects,  carpenters,  engineers,  chemists,  civil  engineers,   &c.     "  The 
ultimate  end  of  this  institution  is  the  elevation  of  the  mechanic  by  giv- 
ing him  thorough  and  complete  scientific  knowledge  on  which  he  may 
liase  his  future  work."    The  school  is  richly  endowed,  and  is  free  to 
young  -.aen  o"  this  county  (others  pay  $  100  a  year).    Boynton  Hall  (named 
i'l  honor  of  the  founder  of  the  school)  is  a  graceful  and  ornate  stono  build- 
'■'?.    1^  M.   N.  of  Worcester  is  the  Highland  Military  School,  widely 
kiiowii  for  the  stiingent  thoroughness  of  its  discipline. 


*     i 


I' 


r 


.V  ^   nOi* 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


& 


/. 


t* 


1.0 


Is 


Jf  lii    112.2 
£   1^    12.0 


18 


l.25|,.4|,.6 

.< 6" 

► 

Photographic 

Sdences 

Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

WHSTIR.N.Y.  MSSO 

(716)  872-4503 


IL 


\\ 


../J' 


o 


\ 


M-.  -  — 


|! 


128      Route  21. 


WORCESTER. 


f'Hi 


The  State  Lunatic  Asylum,  on  Millstone  Hill,  overlooking  Lake  Qnin- 

sigamond,  cost  $  1,350,000,  and  is  an  imposing  pile  o-r  granite  buildings, 

en  echelon,  with  a  high  tower.    It  accommodates  700  patients.    The'  State 

Asylum  for  the  Clironic  Insane  holds  400  more.     Hope  Cemetery  and 

Rural  Cemetery  are  attractive  burial-grounds.     The  Plymouth  Church 

(Pearl  St.)  and  St.  Paul's  Catholic  Church  are  stately  granite  buildings. 

There  is  a  chime  of  ten  Troy  bella  in  Plymouth-Church  tower.  All-Saints  (Epis.), 
on  Irving  St.,  is  the  handsomest  church  in  the  city,  a  perfect  gem  in  browustone! 
(Jeorge  Bancroft  was  born  in  a  house  now  standing  on  Salisbury  St,  The  Citu 
Hospital,  on  a  hill  to  the  \Y.  of  the  city,  is  an  imposing  brick  building. 

Main  St.  is  about  2  M.  long,  and  contains  the  principal  buirtness  houses 
and  hotels.  It  is  a  wide,  pleasant  street,  well  lined  with  trees,  and  adorned 
with  some  fine  commercial  buildings.  Near  its  lower  end  the  Jesuit  Col- 
lege is  seen  across  a  broad  valley.  The  Common  contains  the  Old  South 
Church,  the  City  Hall,  and  the  Soldiers'  and  Bigelow  Monuments,  while  four 
other  churches  are  seen  on  its  sides.  Passing  N.  on  Main  St.  many  fine 
business  blocks  are  seen,  with  St.  Paul's  Catholic  Church,  Trinity  M.  E. 
Church,  the  towers  of  the  Hij/h  School,  and  numerous  tall  spires  on  the 
hills  to  the  1.  On  the  r.  is  Mechanics'  Hall,  a  fine  audience-chamber 
seating  2,500,  with  a  brown-stone  front  in  rich  Corinthian  architecture. 
On  side-streets  diverging  to  the  1.  in  this  vicinity  are  the  Post-Office, 
♦Episcopal  Church,  the  Agric.  Hall,  Elm  Park,  and  the  Free  Library  (Elm 
St.).  The  latter  contains  60,000  volumes,  being  especially  rich  in  mechan- 
ics and  medical  works,  while  its  reading-room  (open  from  9  A.  M.  until 
0  P.  M.)  has  243  different  magazines  and  papers,  in  4  languages.  On 
Foster  St.  are  the  rooms  of  the  Natural  History  Society  with  valuable 
cabinets  (open  Wednesday  afternoons),  and  the  library  (8,000  vols.)  and 
collections  of  the  Society  of  Antiquity.  On  Main  St.  beyond  Mechanics' 
Hall  and  the  Bay  State  House,  is  the  old  Exchange  Hotel,  a  famous  inn 
of  the  colonial  days,  where  Washington  and  Lafayette  have  stopped. 
Just  beyond  is  Lincoln  Square,  where,  on  a  high  terrace,  are  seen  tlie 
First  Unitarian  Church,  the  granite  Court.  House  with  its  classic  front, 
and  the  neat  building  of  the  *  American  Antiquarian  Society. 

In  the  latter  structure  is  preserved  a  valuable  library  of  80,000  volumes,  with 
ancient  portraits  of  Samuel,  Increase,  and  Cotton  Mather  and  other  Puritan 
divines  ;  Governors  Winthrop,  Endicott,  and  other  founders  of  the  State.  Many 
busts  adorn  the  walls,  and  there  are  large  casts  of  Michael  Angelo's  Moses,  and 
Christ  (bouglit  in  Rome  by  Hon.  Stephen  Salisbury).  In  glass  eases  about  the 
hall  are  several  literary  curiosities,  ancient  blac]< -letter  MSS  on  vellum  (15th 
century) ;  an  elegant  Persian  MS.  richly  illuminated  (date,  1480) ;  8  Britisli  tax- 
stamps  of  1703  ;  MS.  sermons  of  microscopio  fineness  written  by  old  Puritan 
pastors;  Latin  books  printed  at  Rome  and  Venice  in  1475-0;  Cranmer's  Bible 
(1538)  ;  Ptolemy's  Geography  ;  missals  on  vellum  ;  and  a  superb  *  Koran  in  Arabic, 
brilliantly  illuminated.  Two  eases  of  Indian  relics  are  near  the  entrance  to  tlie 
hall.  This  collection  is  open,  9-12,  and  2-5  o'clock  daily,  except  Saturday  and 
Sunday.  From  the  hill  behind  the  building,  the  Free  Industrial  School  and  the 
Normal  School  may  be  seen. 

On  the  Common,  near  the  Old  South  Church,  is  a  pretty  English  Gothic 


monument,  bi 

Timothy  Bige] 

tJ'e  N.  E.  corn 

Randolph  Roge 

^y  a  statue  of  ^ 

nplifted  Jiand. 

Mimch)  repress 

%,  ami  marine 

.  TJie  Vnion  Rj 

^'•51?  and  256  ft  , 

contains  a  re.stam 

'^''^  the  trains  , 

;;^"ee&  Worcester 

^•''''Uwns'Jrd''";,^ 
corner  of  Wn-"  ^^f^ 

«n  "Serf  &«"*.  and 
^''"rch„fth«'^"'»'»«o 

t'™'Jfea.st  an,j  "'*°»^ 

•^meriea."  T^Pf^"'  itch 
,  '"■« taken  anH,-^"'"sei 

I  "'e%e    v7^'^«»r  Wh 

h'^startledthl  °'^^^'n 
^^K's*i!q»'etviU 
j''^^« ''^  for  us  n!;^^  bit 
ly   Seven  L"''^°Pe  of 

T' "ring  it  "^^S  't  organ, 
|r'''«''eWes'?l„«»r«atio 

r''^='  Pamde^T-"^". from  tj 
i:'^vearsaVtn  f^^'''"««c 


WORCESTER. 


Route  21.     129 


monument,  huilt  of  granite  and  Tuscan  marble,  over  the  remains  of 
Timothy  Bigelow,  Colonel  of  the  15th  Mass.  Continental  Regiment.  At 
the  N.  E.  corner  is  the  *  Soldiers'  Monument,  which  was  designed  by 
Randolph  Rogers,  and  consists  of  a  tall  Corinthian  column,  surmounted 
by  a  statue  of  Victory,  standing  on  a  globe,  with  a  drawn  sword  in  lier 
uplifted  hand.  Around  the  column  are  colossal  bronze  statues  (cast  at 
Municli)  representing  soldiers  of  the  American  infantry,  cavalry,  artil- 
lery, and  marine  service. 

The  Union  Bailroad  Station  is  an  imposing  granite  building,  514  ft. 
long  and  256  ft.  wide,  wiUi  a  graceful  stone  clock-tower  200  ft.  high.  It 
contains  a  restaurant,  waiting-rooms,  news-stand,  etc.  From  this  station 
start  tlie  trains  of  the  Boston  &  Albany,  Norwich  &  Worcester,  Provi- 
dence &  Worcester,  Worcester  k  Nashua,  and  Boston,  Barre  &  Gardner 
Railroads. 

In  1G69  a  legislative  committee  located  a  settlement  for  30  families  at  Worces- 
ter (SaAon,  yVegera,  Ceaster,  War-Castle),  as  a  half-way  halting-place  between  the 
valley-towns  and  the  coast.    The  citadel  of  this  colony  was  near  the  present 
corner  of  Main  and  Columbia  Streets.    The  Indians  soon  forced  the  evacuation 
of  the  settlement,  and  it  lay  desolate  from  1702  to  1713,  when  it  was  reoceupied, 
and  stern  defensive  laws  were  passed.     A  fortress-lilce  church  was  built  (on  the 
Connnou),  and  each  man  was  ordeird  to  carry  to  Sunday  services  his  niusltet  and 
6  rounds  of  ammunition.     In  1720  some  Scotch  Presbyterian  immigrants  built  a 
church  of  their  own,  which  was  assaulted  and  torn  down  by  the  Puritan  colonists 
as  a  cradle  of  heresy.     In  1755  numerous  exiled  Acadians  were  sent  here,  and  soon 
after  the  "  Massachusetts  Spy  "  newspaper  (still  published  there)  began  to  fan  the 
dames  of  revolution.     April  19,  1775,  a  breathless   messenger   bore  into  town, 
tlie  news  of  the  battle  of  Lexington.     His  white  horse,  flecked  with  blood  and 
foam,  fell  dead  on  Main  St.,  but  he  rode  westward  on  another,  while  the  minute- 
men  moved  on  Boston  by  thousands.     In  July,  1776,  the  Sons  of  Freedom  had  a 
grand  feast,  and  among  their  toasts  were,  "  May  the  freedom  and  independence 
of  America  endure  till  the  sun  grows  dim  with  age.  and  this  earth  returns  to 
oliaos."  "  Perpetual  itching  without  the  benefit  of  scratching,  to  the  enemies  of 
America."  The  town  sent  27  officers  and  409  men  to  the  army.    In  1786,  Worcester 
was  taken,  and  its  courts  closed  by  800  of  Shays'  insurgents,  wearing  the  emble- 
matic pine-branch.     Father  Fitton,  on  a  missionary  tour  in  1834,  found  four 
L  itholic  families  in  Worcester :  that  denonn'nation  now  has   six  churches  in  the 
lity,  including  Notre  Dame  des  Canarliens.    The  population  in  1830  was  4,082.    In 
Hil.at  the  very  hour  when  the  6th  Mass.  was  fighting  in  the  streets  of  Baltimore, 
the  Bigelow  Monument  was  dedicated  here.     Said  Judge  Thomas  at  the  dedica- 
I  lion,  "  The  cry  to-day  in  the  streets  of  this  beautiful  city  is  that  which  86  years 

I  a?o  startled  the  quiet  village,  '  To  arms  ! '   So  be  it,  to  arms  ! It  will  cost 

liisa  long,  severe,  and  bitter  struggle,  but  this  rebellion  must  be  crushed  out. 

I  liiere  is  for  us  no  hope  of  freedom,  of  peace,  of  safety  even,  till  this  work  is  fully 

11 'lie.   Seven  years  of  war  were  spent  in  the  purchase  of  our  freedom  ;  seven  more 

l"f  toil  in  giving  it  organic  life.     If  seven  years  of  toil  and  blood  are  spent  in 

Iseeuring  it,   in  our  national   redemption,  they  will  be  wisely,  divinely  spent. 

I*th  the  blessing  of  God  and  all  coming  generations  of  men."    Within  live  months 

|M«  men  marched  from  the  Park  to  the  Potomac.    The  15th  Mass.  (Worcester  Co.) 

vH  paraded  here  before  leaving,  and  received  their  colors  from  the  ladies.     "  I 

l*'i>  deputed  by  the  ladies  of  Worcester  to  present  to  you  this  banner.     Eighty- 

l'"ir  years  ago  to-day  there  was  mustering  in  these  streets  the  first  regiment  ever 

p«'d  in  Worcester  Co.  for  actual  warfare,  the  15th  Reg.  of  the  Mass.  Line.    What 

[ll'rlfought  fields  at  Monmouth  and  Trenton,  what  sufferings  at  Valley  Forge, 

"It  glory  and  victory  at  Saratoga  and  Yorktown,  have  made  that  name  famous  1 

What  they  won  for  us,  it  is  yours  to  preserve  for  us."  —  Judge  Hoar. 


k 


si' 


I  GoU^i'' 


130    Route  2 L 


BROOKFiELD. 


After  leaving  Worcester  the  line  soon  pnsses  Growl  Hill  (on  the  r.)  and 
reaches  Rochdale  (Union  Hotel),  4  M.  S.  of  Leicester,  a  beautiful  ham- 
let on  Strawberry  Hill,  in  a  farming  town  of  2,770  inhabitants,  wiUi  8 
churches,  a  memorial  hall,  academy,  ami  library.  Charltnn  is  3  M  .N.  of 
Charlton  Centre  (Bdlevne  Home),  a  lofty  and  far- viewing  village,  near 
the  romantic  Bay  Path  and  under  Muggett  Hill,  whence  19  villages  and 
parts  of  4  States  are  seen.  Spencer  is  2  M.  S.  of  Spencer  Centre 
{i^pencer  Hotel),  a  large  and  pretty  village  with  a  library,  paper,  large 
town-hall,  and  4  churches.  Here  was  born  Elias  Howe,  Jr.,  who  invented 
tlie  sewing-machine. 

From  E.  Broukjleld  (E.  Brookfield  House;  Lake-View)  a  branch  runs 
to  N,  Brookjitld  (Batcheller  House),  a  large  shocmaking  village  in  a  rich 
farming  town.     Daily  stages  7  M.  N.  to  Oakham  (Coldbrook  Hou.se). 

Brookfield  (Brookfield  House)  is  a  weil-to-do  shoemaking  village. 

This  town  was  settled  on  the  Indian  lands  of  Quaboag,  by  Ipswich  inon,  in 
1(5G0.  In  lli<'5  a  l,arfj;e  force  of  Nipmn'.!l<s  advanced  on  the  phice.  Envoys  were 
sent  out  to  treat  with  the  Indians,  but  six  of  tliem  were  killed,  and  the  village 
(the  j>resent  W.  Brookfield)  was  attacked.  The  inhabitants  had  gathered  in  a 
garrison-house,  which,  after  the  rest  of  the  village  had  been  plundered  ami  burnt, 
was  attacked  by  the  enemy.  For  three  long  days  the  house  was  defended  with 
desperate  bravery,  though  shot  and  flaming  arrows  were  showered  against  it. 
Then  a  cart  full  of  blazing  flax  and  straw  was  pushed  against  it,  and  the  drlenre 
would  have  been  ended,  but  for  a  sudden  shower  which  extinguished  the  risin,:,' 
flames.  After  this  shower,  which  they  held  to  be  miraculous,  a  brave  partisan 
ofhcer  with  a  troop  of  light  horse  galloped  in  from  Lancaster,  after  a  fnrci'I 
march  of  30  M.,  and  scattered  the  besiegers.  In  1676,  the  evacuation  of  tl.e 
town  was  ordered,  as  a  military  necessity,  by  the  Legislature,  and  it  rcinaineJ 
desolate  I'or  12  years.  The  Quaboag  Pond  Is  a  large  pond  S.  o''  the  village,  wiiose 
waters  flow  by  the  Sashaway  River  through  the  Podunk  Meadows,  to  the  Cliico- 
pee. 

W.  Brookfield  (  Wichahoag  House)  produces  apples  and  boots.  Lucy 
Stone  and  Austin  Phelps  were  born  here.  Semi-daily  stage,  6  31.  N.  to 
Nt:w  Brainlree  (New-Braintree  House).  Stations,  Warren  ( Warm 
Hotel),  a  pretty  manufacturing  village,  among  rounded  hills;  \V.  Warren 
(W.  Warrer'  House),  with  a  large  cotton-factory;    \V.  Brimfield. 

Ir  the  Brimfield  churchyard  (5-6  M.  to  the  S.  E.)  is  buried  Gen.  William 
Eaton,  some  time  an  officer  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  and  then  Consul  to  Tunis.  In 
1805  he  planned  the  restoration  of  Hamet,  the  rightful  Bashaw  of  Tripoli,  Mi<i 
marched  from  Cairo,  Egypt,  with  400  Moslems  and  100  Christians,  across  tlie  ^ 
desert.  With  reckless  bravery  he  stormed  the  ramparts  of  the  Tripolitan  cityff 
Derne,  garrisoned  by  a  force  larger  than  his  own.  The  United  States  having  enn-  j 
eluded  a  peace  with  the  reigning  Bashaw,  Eaton  was  forced  to  abandon  biij 
conquest,  and  he  returned  to  America,  where  he  died  (at  Brimfield)  in  1811. 

At  Palmer  (Nassowauno  House)  the  Ware-River  and  New-Londonj 
Northern  Railroads  meet  the  present  route.  To  the  S.  is  seen  the  State! 
Primary  School,  in  Monson.  Station,  Wilbraham  (Allis  House),  2  M.J 
from  Wilbraham  Centre,  the  seat  of  the  great  Wesleyan  Academy.  Ttol 
town  is  famous  for  its  beautiful  scenery;  and  it  has  1,628  inhabitants,! 
t)  cliurches,  and  woollen  and  paper  mills.  From  Indian-Ovchard  slatwoj 
horse-cars  run  N.  W.  to  the  village  of  the  same  name. 


S  2.50 -§, 3.50  „ 
"■;.-'  "'arwick 
lvea(J,„g..rc 

,.  railroads  . 

T"'  at  the  ]nrl 

coinj.ac.t  began  tt 
'vee  can,  withlui 

ofcipri,..'    ^"'."non. 


SPRINGFIELD. 


Route  21.       131 


i\- 
i8 
of 
ear 

Ltro 

arge 
sntud 

runs 


(.•s  were 

vec\  ill  ii 
i(\  \mviit, 

led  wit^' 
raiui^t  it. 
B  doVeiiie 

tlie  i''>^i"S 
2  partisan 

on  of  ti.e 
ri'mii'.iie^i 
,„e,  wiiose 

Llie  Cliiw- 


M.:N.to 

len.  V.;ilii^^™ 
|>  Tviiiis-  1" 
lTvipoli,=«i 

liitaii  eity ;  _ 
IsliaviiiK^'" 

[n  l«l^-       I 


Hotels.  —  *  Ilaynes*  Hotel,  a  large  first  class  house  at  the  centre  of  the  city 

(S  2.50-  §  3.50  a  day) ;  *  Mcissasoit  House,  alongside  of  the  station  (§  3  50  -  §1 4  a  day) ; 
lliitdl  Warwick,  just  N.  of  station  (??  2-lc!2  50  a  day);  Cooley's  Hotel  ($2  a  day). 

Heading-rooms.  -  City  Library,  Stat«  St.  (with  museum) ;  Y.  M.  C.  A.,"Main 
St.    Amusements  at  ths  Opera  House,  Main  St. ;  Roller  Skating-rink,  Bridite  St. 

Railroads.  —The  Boston  and  Albany,  to  Ronton  98  M.,  to  Albany  104  M.  ;  the 
New  York,  New  Haven,  and  Hartford,  to  Hartford  26  M.,  New  Haven  G2  M.,  New 
York  136  M. ;  the  Conn  River,  to  Greenfield  36  M.,  and  to  the  North  ;  the  Atliol 
Branch,  to  Athol  in  48.\  M. ;  N.  Y.  &  N.  E.  R.  R.,  to  Hartford  .31  H.  The.se  linea 
mei't  at  the  large  rentral  station.  Hor(>e>cars  run  on  Mnin  St.,  and  to  the 
Armory  and  U'ater-Shops.     Also,  to  Brightwood  and  Mill  lliver  (South  Knd). 

Springfield  Viin  settled  by  a  company  under  William  Pynchon,  in  1636,  whose 
com;iact  be^an  as  follows :   "Article  I.  Wee  intend,  by  God'.H  grace,  as  soon  aa 
wee  can,  with  all  convenient  speede.  to  procure  some  godly  and  faithfull  minister, 
with  wliome  wee  propose  to  joyne  in  church  covenant  to  wallt  in  all  the  ways  of 
Christ.    Article  If.  Wee  intend  that  our  town  shall  be  composed  of  fourty  family's, 
nr  if  wee  think  meete  after  to  change  our  purpoic  ;  yet  not  to  exceed  the  number 
of  fifty  family's,  rich  and  poore."    The  town  would  have  been  abandoned  at  one 
time  but  for  the  orders  of  the  Legislature,  forbidding  the  evacuation  of  Mjvss. 
settlements,  whereupon  the  people  erected  a  strong  pali.sade.      Great  suffering 
WIS  experienced  during  the  first  winter,  for  the  freezing  of  the  ri'^jr  prevented 
vossels  ascending  with  supplies.     Several  persons  started  for  Boston,  and  were 
frozen  on  the  way.     Pyui^hon,  the  magistr  ite  of  Springfield,  wrote  an  anti-Calvin- 
istio  theological  book  in  1650,  which  was  comlemnetl  by  the  Legislature  and  burnt 
on  Boston  Common.     He  was  deposed  from  his  ottice,  was  forced,  amid  a  stomn 
of  clcri(;al  wrath,  to  retract,  and  soon  returned  to  England  to  escape  persecution. 
In  liJ75,  while  the  train-bands  of  Sprin:'neld  were  guaiding  Hadley,  the  Indians 
hill  a  plot  to  destroy  the  place.     Their  phn  was  exposed  by  a  friendly  Indian 
at  Windsor,  whence  a  rider  was  despatched,  who  reached  Springfield  at  dead  of 
niglit,  and  aroused  the  people.    .Just  as  they  hail  gained  the  shelter  of  three  gar- 
ri.sun-houses,  600  Indians  entered  the  streets  and  burnt  every  other  house  in  town. 
They  su(H'essfully  disputed  the  passage  of  the  river  against  Major  Treat's  com- 
mand, and  only  retired  at  the  approach  of  M:yor  Pynchon  and  200  men  from  Had- 
ley, lonviu;.;  behind  them  a  sad  scene  of  ruin  and  destruction.     During  the  Revo- 
lution works  for  repairing  muskets  were  established  here,  and  also  a  caimon- 
louiuhy,  at  which  were  cfist  the  guns  of  several  of  the  batteries  which  were  en- 
gaged in  the  battles  near  Saratoga.    Jan.  25, 1787,  1,2!)0  of  Shays'  rebels  attacked 
the  Arsenal,  which  was  defended  by  1,100  militia  men.     A  few  cannon-shot  dis- 
persed the  assailants.     During  the  present  century  Springfield  has  grown  rapidly, 
by  reason  of  the  establishment  here  of  the  U.  S.  Armory  and  numerous  other 
manufactures,  and  by  the  convergence,  at  this  point,  of  important  railway  systems. 

Springfield  i.s  a  handsome  city  of  over  35,000  inhabitants,  situated  on 
the  E.  bank  of  the  Connecticut  River.  Its  principal  thoroughfare  is  Main 
St.,  a  wide  and  level  street,  3  M.  long,  adorned  with  many  fine  commer- 
cial buildings.  The  principal  object  of  interest  in  the  city  is  the 
'  Waited  States  Armory,  which  is  established  on  a  park  of  72  acres  on 
Armory  Hill  (K.  of  the  station,  and  best  reached  byway  of  State  St.) 
The  buildings  surround  a  great  quadrangle  called  Armory  ,Square,aiK!  400 
ineu  are  constantly  engaged  making  and  repairing  Springfield  rifles  and 
carbines,  and  experimental  arms.  Tlie  work  is  paid  for  by  the  piece,  and 
ttie  day  of  labor  is  8  hrs.  During  tlie  War  of  the  Rebellion  the  works 
h^ere  run  night  and  day  for  four  years,  and  at  one  time  over  3,000  men 
pwe  employed.  Nearly  800,000  guns  were  made  daring  that  time,  at  an 
wiKMise  of  $12,000,000.  The  Arsenal  is  a  large  building  on  the  W.  of 
I'tie  quadrangle,  in  which  175,000  stand  of  arms  are  stored,  rivalling  in 
'if  symmetrical  arrangement  the  similar  collection  in  the  Tower  of 
ll^'iidoii. 


1.1  fi  I 


t/..  - 


II  !l 


U  J 


132    Route  21. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Ml 
■      I 

1 


"  This  If  the  Arienal.    From  floor  to  ceillnfr. 
Like  a  huge  orKan,  rise  the  biirniihed  armi  t 
But  fVoiri  their  silent  pipe*  no  anthem  pealing 
Startler  the  villages  with  strange  alarms. 

Ah!  what  a  sound  will  rise  —  how  wild  and  dreary— 
When  the  denth-nnpel  tonches  those  switl  keysf 

What  lond  Inmcnt  nnd  disinni  Miserere 
Will  mingle  with  their  awful  symi<honiea  I" 

LOWOFKLtOW. 

From  the  tower  of  the  Arsenal  is  gained  a  fine  view  of  the  city  and  its 
environs.  Passes  for  a  survey  of  the  shops,  &c.,  may  be  obtained  at  the 
Armory  office.    1  M.  S.  E.  are  the  Water-Shops. 

State  St.  and  the  vicinity  of  Winchester  Paris,  Maple  St.,  and  Crescent 
Hill  furnish  pleasant  drives  among  elegant  villas,  and  afford  extensive 
views  of  the  charming  valley.  On  Maple  St.  is  the  main  entrance  to  the 
beautiful  Sprimjfield  Cemetery^  covering 40 acres;  and  by  Holland's  "Bay 
Path,"  the  present  Bay  St.,  is  reached  the  new  Oak-Grove  Cemetery  of 
90  acres,  finely  laid  out.  On  Court  Square  is  a  heroic  bronze  statue  of 
Miles  Morgan,  one  of  the  early  Puritan  settlers  of  Springfield. 

On  State  St.,  between  Main  St.  and  the  Armory  grounds,  are  several  fine 
buildings.    The  *  Church    f  the  Unity  (on  the  r.)  is  one  of  the  noblest 
ecclesiastical  structures  in  the  State,  and,  with  its  cloistered  portico,  broad 
windows,  and  lofty  deta^^hed  tower  and  sjjire,  it  forms  a  strikingly  beauti- 
ful object.    Its  architecture  is  Gothic,  and  its  material  is  brown  stone. 
Just  above  the  church  is  the  unique  and  graceful  building  of  the  High 
School,  and  opposite  the  church  is  the  *City  Library,  with  its  handsome 
building.   A  library  of  50,000  volumes  is  contained  in  a  richly  ornamented 
and  well-arranged  hall,  wh'le  on  the  floor  below  is  a  JIuseum  (open 
Wednesday  and  Saturday,  2-D  P.  M.)  cor.taining  900  stuffed  birds,  120 
stuffed  quadrupeds,  and  several  thousand  specimens  of  fossils,  lish,  reptiles. 
and  minerals.    There  are  also  cabinets  of  Indian  antiquities,  and  many  j 
interesting  historical  relics.  Just  above  the  Library  is  the  Roman  Catholic  j 
Cathedral  of  St.  Uichael.     Court  Square  is  near  the  'lentre  of  the  city,! 
and  has  on  one  side  the  City  Hall,  cont^aining  a  hall  which  can  contaiiij 
3,000  persons.    S.  of  Court  Square  is  the  *  Court  House  of  Hampde 
County,  a  massive  new  structure  of  granite,  costing  $200,000.    It  has 
tall  tower,  balconies,  and  other  features  drawn  from  Italian  inimicipaj 
palaces.    The  1st  Congregational  Church  (society  founded  1037)  fioiitl 
on  this  square.     In  1  M  from  the  City  Ilall,  passing  N.  W.  on  the  bu*| 
and  attractive  ^lain  St.,  one  reaches  Round  Hill  and  the  Memorial  Churcl| 
built  of  granite  in  Gothic  architecture.     Hampden  Park,  near  by,  on  ti| 
banks  of  the  river,  has  fine  race-tracks,  and  is  used  for  fairs. 

♦Christ  Church  (Epis.)  is  a  beautiful  .'^tone  building  in  Norman-GotlJ 
architecture,  on  Chestnut  St.,  W.  of  the  City  Library.    The  city  contaij 
30  churches,  4  daily  and  8  weekly  papers,  9  banks  and  4  savings-bank 
and  9  M  isonic  societies.    Itb  valuation  in  1883  v/as  $  35,000,879,  and  dj 


■]J 


f 


I 


.1 . 

1 
1 

1 

t 

1/ 

1  . 

■  5 

f' 

'.'    ' 

h  f 

'f   ■ 

•            i                  i 

U' 


--,  -t  — 


^.'-."■v^-n 


OMO  I 


LWVH     1SV3 


// 


-j«r> 


|9«*J 


.S?^ 


5g55Er« 


f^n 


Ai 


c 


-// 


■A^ 


^ 


/ 


/V" 


>/: 


-^-T»-6 


V)? 


,/f^\ 


f2 


••!.     ^' 


■.■'■;.   /» 


^1 


^r 


i 


K.    J^'—^   *.,- 


~^y 


i(I 

„          ^H^pu  y  -it 

93               'A:uomuy  sjjoj 

iV 

„             Hi'^oS  95 

£V  'JUVS14J  3yf  A0/fVJAf9i[ 

^a 

/(A^pM9J  JDl^  UOIZ    iz 

♦"a                        -IVfl^^OJJ  ^flj 

^a 

■ujPA'j  npios  ^B 

frg          'uoifvfs  pvoAjiv^ 

s:i 

•JJVIJ  ^VQ-A^fAVtfJ  -ES 

£3                            7<7<77/J5-  »/J^/// 

•mnitCs  y  qtuitQ  puvfviQ 

Sq 

■ltVJIA3luy    zz 

ia 

■S^fVfS  ]>»fiu/i  -15 

S9              'iviiasxy  g^vis 

sa 

•/O/j  oc 

Sa 

sa 

'li^UV  '61 

'utftdfuayf  y  yuomspvjf 

•SIKiLOH 

Sa            '^'^ivwa 

s:.i 

v^/-<v:)  '81 

-juvxHsuj  yvQ-AafAvifj 

^3 

-.y^i't/  ill 

Cq                   -Stiipipig 

Sa 

\Si<oj)2vxtnaj  -91 

S3Hiunsuj  ;n.-iip3imoj 

<a 

•^./.?;^</  V5>  Si 

Sa                       7/"//  -O/J 

9U 

■p-i3il'l-)HSP°<-'D  '^i 

Sa              '^-^^c?  /^^c/ 

•SHHOHIIHO 

♦•Q                   vy«£j//  j';i;;5' 

01 


rr^J>V', 


/" 


^^^! 


J 


W 


— ' , 


•QHOdXHYH 


g'l 


arei 


sun 
ro3 
Toil 
firiJ 
the] 

chesl 

In) 

wiiof 
troop 
flrnii 
the; 


)ul 


thr 
preae 


['     r 


Ul 


f1 


Ing  the  same  ) 
from  the  valler 

Sprln^'flolil  hni 
AriioiiK  tlio  ,,iin 
frnpl,ne,i  in  nial 
Ku-si  in  Kov.Tnn,, 
lor.v,  wliosf  buHdi 
'"'ploy  JOO  men. 
'••Mill's  nrnny  fi,,^ 
iiaiJroad  and  the  ) 

Joucrs  I'«,,er  Co 

Station,  Longii 

!''■•'?  niea.lows  by 

«"•""  "••ar  ti.e  int, 

Tlie  State  of  C 

vilJe, 

S'"ce  1828  this  in 

of  importeu  wool  e 

Vt'DL'tian  c.irpHts  f; 

Mmnmnity  of  tJio  ' 

Salem  jiien,  i„  ]6S] 

Station,  Warehoi, 

"le*  Iron  Truss  Bri 
^''Shnd,  and  set  ui 

^^'■"^.'l  47  ft.  above! 

gi'anite  piers.     The  | 

station,  Windsor 
""'  -^  0"  the  water-poi 

;°«J«toenab]eve3se3 
^"""fs  were  formel 

™/f""'nffton  liiveJ 

^tation,  Windsor  (I 

I'rnian,).;    .^J"  Gov.   V 
]"'«  Sfol^;!!'  ess  Puritan 

I      ""'^-    fni644aroj 


\>\ 


WINDSOR. 


Jt.utegl.       133 


]ng  the  same  year  Its  merchants  had  $20,000,000  worth  of  wholesale  trade 
from  the  vnllcy-towiis. 

Sprinuflolil  has  S  8,000,000  Invented  In  miinnfncturlns;,  employ Inj?  7,000  handn. 
Aiii()M(,'  tlio  principal  works  me  tliosie  of  Mnitli  ami  UV.Mson,  wht-re  6()0  w  r  j 
eniployoU  in  niakiii);  pistols.  This  company  lius  muUe  150,0(10  revolvers  l.^r  the 
Ru-siin  covtinnient.  At  Itrijrhtwooil  ( N  of  the  city)  Is  the  U'asou  Car  Mmufav-- 
tory,  whoye  buildings  required  2,0<iO,000  bricks  in  their  construction.  These  works 
employ  400  men,  und  turn  out  lUO  passenp-r  and  yOO-l,(MH)  freight  cars  yearly, 
iicsidt's  many  thousand  car-wheels.  They  have  made  uu)st  of  the  cars  for  the  Pa(  lilo 
Kiiilroad  and  the  New  Jersey  Central,  and  also  a  bup«'rb  car  for  the  Kgyptian  Khe- 
dive. Among  the  other  Industries  are  the  Ames  M'f'g  Co.  (silver  and  hnrnzes),  the 
Powers  I'aper  Co.,  the  Morgan  Kiivelope  Co.,  largo  paper-<ollar  works,  the  Milton 
iiriullcy  Co  '8  games,  whips,  cigars,  cloths,  tools,  buttons,  jewelry,  bricks,  kc. 
Tlircc-fourtbs  of  the  flue  paper  umde  iu  the  Uuited  States  is  turned  out  bere  uud 
Kt  llolyoke. 

Station,  Longnieadow  (the  Indian  Massacsic),  settled  in  104i  on  the 
lo'.i;,'  meadows  by  the  Connecticut.  It  is  a  pretty  village  on  a  gentle 
8\vt'll  near  the  intervales,  and  produces  hay,  grain,  tobacco,  and  freestone. 

The  State  of  Conn,  is  now  entered,  and  the  tniin  stops  at  Thompson- 
ville,  the  scat  of  tlie  largest  carput-works  in  the  coimtry. 

Since  1828  this  industry  has  been  growing,  until  now  it  uses  up  900  tons 
of  hnporteu  wool  each  year,  and  turns  out  1,800,000  yards  of  ingrain  and 
Venetian  carpets,  from  141  looms.  3-4  M.  E.  of  this  village  is  the  large 
coniinuiiity  of  the  Enfield  Shakers.  The  village  of  Enfield  (settled  by 
Salem  men,  in  1681)  is  a  short  di.stance  S.  of  Thompsonville. 

Station,  Warehouse  Poi  ' ,  where  the  line  crosses  the  Conn.  River  by 
the  *  Iron  Truss  Bridge,  a  i  ible  piece  of  engineering,  built  in  Manchester, 
EagliinJ,  and  set  up  here  i  ■  '  iJ.  The  road-bad  of  18  ft.  wide  is  sus- 
tained 47  ft.  above  the  v  by  wrought-iron  trusses,  held  up  by  17 
granite  piers.     The  bridge  is  1       ')  ft.  long  and  cost  $  205,000. 

At  Ilazardville,  a  few  mllea  N.  E.,  are  the  powder-works  of  Col.  Hazard.  These 
are  the  1  ir^'eat  in  En-jland  or  Amoiica,  and  the  former  country  bought  3  l,2J0,00i) 
worth  of  ila.-^ard's  powder  during  the  Crime  in  War,  while  vast  amounts  were 
made  for  the  United  States  during  the  Secession  War. 

Station,  Windsor  Locks  (Charter  Oak  House),  with  iron  and  paper 
mills  on  tlie  water-power  afforded  by  a  canal  built  before  the  era  of  rail- 
roads to  enable  vessels  to  pass  the  Enfield  Falls  and  gain  the  Upper  Conn. 
Tourists  were  formerly  thus  carried  from  Springfield  to  New  Haven. 
Branch  K.  R.  5  M.  to  SaJJicld,  a  lovely  old  rural  handet.  The  line  crosses 
the  Farmington  River  by  a  fine  seven-arched  bridge  of  red  sandstone. 

Station,  Windsor  (Alford  House),  stittled  in  1033 -G  by  men  of  Dor- 
I  Chester,  on  the  rich  intervales  of  Mattaneag. 

Ill  addition  to  harassments  from  the  ten  Indian  tribes  with  their  2,000  bowmen 
flio  iive;l  aljout  Mattaneag,  the  little  colony  was  early  uttueked  by  70  Holland 
jtroops,  S3at  by  Gov.  Van  Twiller.  The  Dutch  expedition  retired  before  the 
jDrm  and  fearless  Puritans,  and  the  Indians  soon  sold  out.  Rev.  John  Warham, 
ll'ie  pastor-chief,  who  led  tliis  nomadic  Dorcestrian  Church  in  its  14  days'  march 
Ithrms-h  the  wilderness,  was  the  first  of  the  New  England  clergy  who  used  notes  in 
ll'reajhiug.    in  1044  a  road  was  built  to  Northampton,  freight  by  sea  to  or  from 


!    • 


1.1    1 1 


..     li!- 


134    Routed  I. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YOUK. 


-"  -  »i„«*ti»w  Grant  came  fiuiu 

.>       -VK  Der  cent  ad  ixtlwtw.     »*«"  "-^    .j-jip  family  livod 
Boston  co«thi«  at  thl»  ^  «ue  JJ  per  «"  ^ent  to  W  ^J*"^'ttle cf  Lake  (Anr^e 

Ol'-^  .^^Hn'  u^  U.  1745.     An.;   jer  n  J>- ;;JNN^^,     o,,,  .,.vch  o    t 


«on  Oliver.  Kovemor«m.o„».  ^^^^  nftervvar|lH  t..»|    --- ■     ■^;; 

iver  KUsworlb    U.  «•  «7f'  ;„  uier  native  ..f  W";^«";;'  um  «  'f  tlu'SN-st. 
II   H    was  lM.n>  »'«•««>"  ^!>'!r  of  MasH.  and  Conn.  5.''"";  T,  ^  i„  tn',vuHl.iiH  lii 


11", 
•m 


^^.       ;a  n  lone  broad  Green  near  the  siaiu)  ^^.^^^,^^ 

riv  r   "I  oH  Ccg.  Ch-vrcU  and  the  «;™  ^„„  ^„„  „„cM„.«, 

Hartford. 

,    ,,,,i_„  near  the  stntmn,  .v- 

steamer*.  -  Uaiiy^  ^j,^^^,^^^„^  ,^,  the  lower 
wTSJVro  (20  M.) ;  to  Bloo.ufiad  _^ 

Btato  and  Asylum  bts.  i^.y  ^^^  ^  persona,  and  Sl.OO 


Il.irtfnnl,  ''Tli 


*  I  .'I 


BOSTON  Tu  NEW  YORK. 


Hvute  ii.     l;ift 


kiiit.  ""V.M 

had    uuiti'Wn 

the  liH"^"    H 

MohawUs.     ., 
..  Blue  L*''' 


whii'h  the  penalty  of  death  was  viiiiled  for  the  criiiioii  of  iilulntry,  iiii<;)iuHtlty, 
witrliinift,  bla.^iilicniy,  murder,  m:iii-;jteallii^{,  rebellion,  miilting  |>areat-i,  im., 
witli  i:iva>{0  laws  at{ainst  .Siihlmlh-brt'aliiiiK  mul  tlio  uko  of  tolmcro.  In  i7((5,  a 
iit'imi>  •■'  (I'li'V  w;»«  OHtablliluMl  liore,  but  it  was  spccilily  broken  up  by  an  Irnt.iMon 
of  .01  iriiu'd  iMori  from  Winil!i;un  fonnty.  In  170')-IS')0  tlio  town  be-aiiic  an 
iiniii'itiirit  iioiiit  on  lho;:rrit,  Alliiitio  Bta.{o-roa(l,  mid  ItJ  lines  of  Hta.tes  cciitrcd 
iuTi'.  i><'  Warville  wroti  licre,  "  In  Conn.  N;itnr»'  and  Art  bavcdisiijayedall  tiieir 
trciU'iriH  ;  it  is  re.dly  the  I'ar.idisn  oi'tiie  U.  H.  "  ;  and  iiniohK  oilier  pnidiiets  of 
till)  itiib!,  Ii"  s;ic.iks  entliusiastieally  of  "the  f.iir  Conn,  girls."  In  Dcconibf^r, 
isl.'i,  the  lanioiis  llartlord  ('(inveiitHni,  eoniposeil  ul'  •.'(!  (iele^.itt's  fidiii  the  NtateH 
of  New  liiD^land,  met  here,  to  deliberate  on  tlie  eoiiise  nf  the  K'""'i''d  gov- 
crniii "it  in  the  war  with  Kii^^land,  to  whieh  war  many  of  tlin  people  in  this 
dcc'inii  were  (ipi)osod.  In  17'.'!)  Ilavtlurd  had  a  valuation  of  fJ7.")l,,''):!;i,  and  In 
i«lS  its  populition  wa.s  (1,500,  at  whieh  lime  a  writer  pi-edi<t8  "that  it  will  con- 
ti'uie  to  extend  itn  size,  its  interesta,  and  its  eouseiiueaee." 

ILiitl'oid,  "Thj  Qiieen  City  of  Now  Enfjlniul,"  is  the  cai)itnl  of  the 
Statu  of  Coiiu.,  and  is  lincly  situutcd  on  low  liiilu  at  tho  junction  of  the 
l';irk  and  Conn.  Uivers,  It  i.s  noted  for  its  iKMievolent  and  edacatioruil 
instiliitcs,  it.s  p.xtcnsivn  nianufiicturns,  and  it.H  powerful  insurance  com- 
panies.   Tlie  population  is  about  50,000. 

*  Bushnell  Park  was  named  in  honor  of  tlie  late  Rev.  Dr.  Horace 
BusliiR'll,  and  is  the  most  beautiful  of  its  size  (45  acres)  in  the  country, 
it  lies  between  the  railroads  and  Main  St.,  S.  of  the  depot,  and  is  in  the 
Centre  of  tlie  city.  Park  River  encircles  it  from  S.  W.  by  N.  to  S.  E.  A 
Iiieusaiit  drive  encircles  the  W.  part,  which  contains  the  new  State  Capi- 
tol, the  colossal  l)roii/.e  statue  of  the  Epi.scopal  Bishop  Brownell  (founder 
of  Trinity  College,  and  Bishop  of  Coi.n.,  1819 -G5),  and  a  fine  statue  of 
(ien,  Israel  Putnam  (by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward).  The  E.  part  contains  the  foun- 
tain, and  a  statue  of  Dr.  Horace  Wells,  of  Hartford,  erected  by  the  city 
to  liis  nieniory  as  the  discoverer  of  ana'sthesia.  The  Park  abounds  in 
gracefnl  elms,  and  is  kept  in  a  high  state  of  cultivation.  It  is  a  popular 
resort  on  pleasant  ai'ternoons. 

The  Congregational  Theological  Institute  (founded  1834,  and  has 
graduated  400  men)  occupies  a  handsome  new  buildiii;^. 

Of  the  ."i?  churches  of  the  city,  several  are  adorned  with  ivy  of  great 
luxuriance.  The  1st  Presbyterian  is  a  neat  Rcmianesriue  building  of  Conn. 
1  i-Tanite  and  Ohio  stone,  and  the  following  are  built  of  red-stone,  in  Gothic 
I  forms:  Christ,  St.  John's,  Trinity,  Incarna'aon,  the  1st  M.  E.,  the  South 
jRaptist  (with  a  fine  portico  supported  by  Caen  stone  columns),  the  Pearl 
St.  Cong,  (with  a  spire  212  ft.  high).  The  three  Cong,  churches  on  Main 
jSt.,  the  1st  Church  (organized  in  16.33),  the  South  Church  (organized  in 
'),  and  tlie  4th  Church  have  fine  buildings.  The  *  Park  Cong.  Church 
lis  of  .sandstone,  in  the  early  English  Gothic  style,  with  stone  columns  along 
Ithe  aisles,  and  a  timber  roof.  The  Catholics  have  2  large  stone  churches 
|(St.  Peter's  and  the  Cathedral  of  St.  Patrick)  and  also  a  handsome  cat  ho- 

iral,  of  recent  erection.    The  *  Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd  (Ejii^co- 


I- 


it 


I'-ji  ■  .■   8  ■ 


I 


^u  - 


m   ■  i 


mr* 


i 


n 


4  1  ;    i  ■' 


136    Route  21. 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


pal),  built  by  Mrs.  Colt  as  a  memorial  of  her  husband  and  children,  is  a 
gem  of  Gothic  architecture,  built  of  Portland  stone  trimmed  with  Oliio 
white  stone,  with  a  spire  150  ft.  high,  containing  a  sweet  chime  of  bells. 
The  W.  front  has  a  grand  memorial  window,  in  the  centre  St.  Joseph 
carrying  tlie  child  Jesus,  above  which  is  an  angel  with  3  children ;  on  the 
I.  the  angel  of  the  resurrc,  'ion,  on  the  r.  a  singing  angei.  The  clerestory 
windows  are  low  and  brilliant,  while  the  chancel  windows  represent  Christ 
and  the  12  Apostles.  The  chancel  is  separated  from  the  organ  (on  the 
r.)  and  the  baptistery  (on  the  1.)  by  coiumns  of  Scotch  granite.  The 
*  baptismal  font  is  sustained  by  a  group  of  marble  cherubs. 


On  Asylum  St.  (also  near  the  R.  R.  station,  with  its  Italian  campaniles) 
is  the  mansion  long  occupied  by  Mrs.  Sigourney,  the  poetess.  1  M.  from 
the  Park,  on  a  hi]l  adorned  with  many  trees,  is  the  picturesque  and  at- 
tractive home  ot  xUi  S.  L,  Clemens  (Mark  Twain),  the  genial  humorist. 
Back  of  the  Cong.  Church,  opposite  the  Athenaeum,  is  the  ancient 
.graveyard  (entrance  to  the  r.  of  the  church).  Here  are  many  graves  of 
the  17th  and  18th  century,  with  a  massive  sandstone  monument  to  the 
memory  of  the  first  settlers.  Two  tables  (on  the  r. )  cover  the  remains  of 
Tliomas  Hooker,  "  the  renowned  minister  of  Hartford  and  pillar  of  Conn,, 
the  Light  of  the  Western  Churches  "  (Mather)  ;  and  of  Samuel  Stone,  a 
divine  who  died  here  in  1663,  and  whose  epitaph  begins, 

"  New  Englnnds  glory  nnd  her  radinnt  crowne 
Wns  he,  who  now  oh  Boftcst  bed  ot'downe, 
Till  ptlorious  resurrection  morn  appcare. 
Doth  safely,  sweetly  sleepe  in  Jesus  here." 

The  Deaf  and  Dumb  Institute  was  founded  by  Dr.  Callaudet  in  1817, 
and  is  the  oldest  in  America.  The  building  (130  by  50  ft. )  was  erected 
in  1820,  and  stands  on  an  embowered  hill  near  the  R.  R.  station,  ou 
Asylum  St.  It  has  200  -  250  inmates.  The  Retreat  for  the  Insane  (es- 
tablished 1824)  is  a  stately  building  of  sandstone  covered  with  gray 
cement,  in  the  S.  W.  part  of  thp  city.  From  its  great  elevation,  its 
vicinity  commands  fine  valley-views.  It  has  received  over  4,000  patients, 
and  has.  discharged  2,000  as  cured.  The  CUy  Hospital  is  near  the  Retreat, 
and  is  a  large,  plain,  and  commodious  building  of  sandstone.  In  the 
opposite  section  of  the  city  (Upper  Main  St.)  is  the  State  Arsenal,  ti<i 
Widows'  Home,  and  the  extensive  North  Cemetery. 

The  old  State  House  Square  is  in  the  heart  of  the  city.  Here  siamls 
the  State  House,  an  antiquated  structure  of  brick,  which  dates  from  I'i'i 
In  its  Senate  chamber  the  Hartford  Convention  assembled  in  1815.  Tlie 
building  is  now  used  as  the  City  Hall ;  and  the  National  Government  has 
erected  a  spacious  new  Post-Olhce  on  the  square,  near  by. 


In  Oct.  168 

Hartford  wit) 

the  liber-       o 

extinifui      .1, 

He  hid  ii  111  a 

town  in  great  i 

\n  inoreasing  \ 

place  is  now  n 

Mark  Twain 

made  from  this 

boot-jack,  dim 

build  a  plauk-r 


BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 


Route  21.     137 


in  Oct.  1687,  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  the  royal  governor  of  New  England,  entered 
Hartford  with  his  troops,  and  demanded  tlie  royal  charter,  the  only  safeguard  of 
the  liber'  of  Conn.  During  a  stormy  evening-meeting  the  lights  were  suddenly 
extin'j;ui  il,  and  a  bold  colonial  gentleman  seized  the  charter  and  fled  fortli. 
He  hid  il  111  a  hollow  in  an  oak-tree,  and  there  it  stayed  until  Andros  had  left  the 
town  in  great  anger.  The  charter  was  ever  after  preserved,  and  the  tree  was  held 
in  increasing  veneration  until  1S56,  when  it  was  blown  down  in  a  storm.  Its 
place  is  now  marked  with  a  marble  slab. 

Mark  Twain  asserts  that  in  a  late  visit  to  Hartford  he  saw  articles  as  follows 
made  from  this  tree  :  "  a  walking-stick,  dog-collar,  needle-case,  three-legged  stool, 
boot-jack,  dinner-table,  ten-pin  alley,  tooth-pick,  and  enough  Charter  Oak  to 
build  a  plank-road  from  Hartford  to  Great  Salt  Lake  City." 


Opposite  State  House  Square  is  the  superb  granite  *  building  of  the 
Conn.  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  massively  coustructed  at  a  cost  of 
$  7  "•  800,000.  A  short  ilistance  below  this  building  is  the  fine  granite 
block  belonging  to  the  Hartford  Fire  Ins.  Co.  On  Main  St.,  alongside  of 
the  Athenaiuni,  is  the  lofty  *  granite  palace  of  the  Charter  Oak  Insurance 
Co.,  which  cost  alwve  $700,000.  The  beautiful  halls  and  offices  within 
should  be  viaited,  and  by  ascending  iu  the  elevator  to  the  observatory  on  the 
roof  (a  courtesy  granted  by  the  company  ;  small  ftje  to  the  conductor  of 
the  elevator),  a  flue  view  is  obtained  of  the  city  and  its  environs.  The 
elegantly  finished  sandstone  office  of  the  Etna  Ins.  Co.  is  nestled  alongside 
of  the  Cliarter  Oak  building.  There  are  21  insurance  companies  iu  the 
city  (9  Fire  and  11  Life),  having  an  aggregate  capital  amounting  to  scores 
of  millions. 

Wadsworth  Atlienseam. 

While  Arnold  was  plotting  at  West  Point  (1780),  Washington  and  Rochambeaa 
were  making  plans  and  enjoying  hospitable  cheer  at  the  mansion  (in  Hartford)  of 
Col.  Wadsworth,  Cominissary-G(!neral  of  the  Army.  Wadsworth's  son  gave  the 
lan'l,  after  removing  the  mansion,  for  a  public  library,  and  the  present  building 
(of  Glastunbury  gneiss,  in  castellated  architecture)  was  built  from  the  pro!>eeds 
of  a  popular  subscription  of  $  52,000.  On  the  lower  floor  of  the  Athenseum  is 
tlie  Statuary  Hall  (fee  40  c.X  containing  casts  of  Ganymede,  WaaliinL^on,  Pan,  tlie 
Shepherd  Boy,  the  Truant,  Genevieve,  Calypso,  and  an  allegorical  ttgure  of  Com- 
merce, all  by  Bartholomew  (who  died  at  Naples,  1858).  Casts,  by  the  same  de- 
signer, of  Ruoh  and  Naomi,  Hagar  and  Ishmael,  the  Morning  Star,  Belisarius  at 
the  Pinoian  Gate.  There  are  also  casts  of  Schwanthaler's  "  Bavaria,"  and  small 
busts  (Uerinan)  of  Schon,  Murillo,  Correggio,  Velasquez,  Domenichino,  Raphael, 
Angelo,  Leonardo  da  Vinci,  Ghirlandnja,  Fieaole,  Mozart,  Goethe,  Andrea  del 
Sarto,  Bellini,  Van  Dyk,  Rubens,  Fr  moia,  Masaceio,  Perugino,  Claude  Lorraine, 
Poussin,  Van  Eyk,  Hemling,  Diirer,  Holbein,  and  Titian.  17  of  Rogers's  sta  uettes 
occupy  one  long  shelf. 

Busts  (in  marble)  of  President  Fillmore,  and  *  Diana,  by  Bartholomew  ;  Wads- 
worth,  Horace  Bushnell,  and  C.  H.  Olmstead,  by  Ives. 

Statues,  Stella,  and  *  Sappho,  Bartholomew,  and  an  elaborate  work,  *Eve 
Repentant,  his  masterpiece.  She  is  sitting  with  head  bowed  and  hands  clasped 
jn  contrition,  while  her  long,  luxuriant  hair  hangs  down  her  back,  and  a  serpent 
IS  seen  curling  about  her  on  the  ground.  The  statue  is  upon  an  octagonal  pedes- 
wl  of  marble,  with  the  following  well-designed  bas-reliefs  :  Ist  Panel,  Creation  of 
^m%xi;  2,  the  Temptation  ;  3,  the  Fall ;  4,  Hiding  from  God  ;  6.  the  ExpulBion 
from  Eden ;  6,  Lamentation  ;  7,  Tilling  the  Ground  ;  8,  the  First-Born. 


\} 


X-  \ 


|;i*f 


y»      i 


Il  <> 


»VMPMiy  w>iiwr»^»-«WtlWBli 


u\ 


138    Route  21.         BOSTON  TO  NEW  YORK. 

On  the  upper  floor  ia  the  Picture  Gallery.  West  Wall.  93,  Quebec,  by  Church; 
94,  View  on  the  Susquehanna,  Church;  28,  Ecee  Homo;  119,  St.  Jerome;  2, 
Venice;  21,  George  Washington,  copy  from  Stuart,  by  Ellsworth;  58,  Ftust  at 
Levi's  House,  after  Paul  Veronesi:;  134,  Landscape,  Lanman;  120,  St.  Josepli  and 
Jesus,  after  llapliael ;  32,  Marie  Antoinette. 

South  Wall.  92,  Hartford  Puritans  in  the  Wildemes.9,  Church ;  Burning  Sliip 
at  Sea,  Jeivett ;  4,  Battle  (17th  century) ;  Samson  in  Bonds  ;  1,  *  Deatli  of  ^\'aI•|•en 
at  Bunlier  Hill,  Trumbull  (the  celebrated  historical  jiictures  by  this  artist  liave 
explanatory  charts  appended);  5,  Mrs.  Sigoiirney,  Trrivibull ;  62,  Huniljuldt- 
121,  Wellington  ;  80,  Oliver  Wolcott,  Sinart;  2,  Battle  of  Trenton,  Trumbull;  S7, 
W.  EUery  Channing  ;  113,  Brutus  ;  91,  Christ  in  the  Temi)le,  Terry;  49,  Sea  View 
in  Fog  ;  50,  Night-scene  at  Naples  (the  last  two  are  bright  "restored"  picfuics, 
said  to  be  by  Vernet) ;  10,  Battle  of  Princeton,  Trumbull;  11,  *  Death  of  Jloiit- 
gomery  at  Quebec,  Trumbull;  30,  Elevation  of  the  Cross,  after  Rubens;  12,  Holy 
Family,  Trumbull;  SO,  Joel  Hawes,  D.  D.  ;  90,  Horace  Bushnell,  D.  D. 

East  Wall.  Destruction  of  Jerusalem,  a  large  picture,  22x14  ft.,  in  poor  light, 
but  full  of  study  (plans  on  the  tables  near),  by  Whichelo;  27,  Ruth  and  Boaz ;  I'j, 
Landscape,  Ishavi;  13,  Death  of  Jane  MoCrea,  Vanderlyn. 

North  Wall.  128,  John  in  the  Wilderness,  Cole;  127,  White  Mountains,  rofc; 
123,  Marine  View,  Come;  129,  Cascade  hi  the  Catskills,  Cole;  124,  Tlie  Lady  of 
the  Lake,  Trumbull;  130,  Lake  Winneiiesaukee,  Cole;  131,  View  on  Talcott  Mt., 
Cole;  34,  *  View  of  Mt.  Etna,  at  sunri.se, from  Taormina,  Cole;  15,  Ameritus  Ves- 
puccius;  16,  Columbus  ;  *  Benjamin  West,  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence;  39,  Declaration 
of  Independence  (small  artist's  copy),  Trumbull ;  89,  Landscape  near  New  Haven ; 
106,  Milton's  Descent  of  Satan ;  portraits  of  various  celebrities  of  the  State  of 
Conn. 

In  the  N.  wing  of  the  Athenaeum  is  the  Young  Men's  Institute,  with  a  circulat- 
ing library  of  25,000  volumes,  and  a  reading-room  (an  introduction  by  a  ii.cmber 
of  the  Institute  entitles  one  to  four  weeks'  use). 

The  Conn.  Historical  Society  has  its  rooms  in  the  S.  Wing  (open  daily; 
no  fees).     Besides  a  large  library,  m;niy  curiosities  are  kept  here,  among  Avliiiii 
are.  King  Philip's  club ;   Putnam's  battle-sword ;  bows,  arrows,  pikes,  swords, 
&c.,  of  six  wars  ;  old  German  missals  ;  dress-suits  at  French  Court  of  Coininissary 
Wadsworth  and  Commodore   McDonough  ;  *  Turkish  scimeter  with  coral  uiid 
ivory  hilt  and  silver  scabbard,  and  inscriptions  in  Arabic  and  Persian  ;  gold  [len 
"  worn  out  in  the  service  of  Washington  Irving"  ;  a  link  (3  ft.  long)  of  the  eliain 
stretched  across  the  Hudson  in  1776 ;  a  foot-stove  of  1740 ;  Elder  Brewster's 
chest ;  Standish's  dinner-pot ;  Putnam's  tavern-sign  ;  British  shells  thrown  into 
Stonington  ;  a  mortar  captured  in  Mexico  ;  relics  of  Nathan  Hale  and  dd.  I.ni- 
yard  ;  Robbins  Bible  (1478) ;   Fannington  church  drum  ;  mail-bag  (A.  D.  \"i) 
used  between  Hartl'ord  and  New  Haven,  6x9  inches;  the  lirst  telegraidiic  nits- 
sage  sent  in  America  (from  Washington  to  Baltimore),  "  What  wonders  liatli  GtJ 
wrought "  ;  13  Russian  medals  ;  Continental  money  ;  a  pistol  from  Colt ;  Cdnfiii- ) 
erate  money  ;  a  number  of  the  "  Boston  News  Letter  "  for  April  17, 1704  (the  lir;t  1 
number  of  the  first  newspaper  in  America :  it  lasted  72  years)  ;  numerous  )*.'• 
traits,  MSS.,  and  pieces  of  Charter  Oak;  Arnold's  watch;  the  chair  in  wWil 
Lee  signed  the  capitulation  of  Appomattox  ;  several  battle-Hags  well  used ;  tlie 
swords  of  Putnam ;  of  McDonough  (victor  in  the  battle  of  the  fleets  on  l-iiit  j 
Champlain);  of  Capt.  Ward,  of  the  U.  S.  Navy  (born  Hartford,  1806,  killed  in  t!:t 
attack  on  Matthias  Point,  Va.,  June  27,  1861);  of  Commander  Rogers  (killed  in  j 
the  naval  assault  on  Fort  Sumter) ,  of  Col.  Russell  (of  the  10th  Conn.,  kilkil  s'l 
Roanoke,  1862) ;  of  Gen.  Sedgwick  (killed  at  Spottsylvania,  May  9,  ISlH);  andnfj 
Geu.  Nathaniel  Lyon  (connnander  of  the  U.  S.  Army  in  Missouri,  killed  at  lliij 
battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  Aug.  10,  1861).    Adjoining  this  room  is  the  liall  eoiitaia-j 
ing  a  large  reference  library,  endowed  with  $  100,000  by  David  Watkinson,  "fim 
died  in  1857.    It  now  contains  26,000  volumes. 

The  principal  manufactories  of  Hartford  are  the  Colt  Rifle  and  Pistfd  Fadnirl 
which  has  $1,000,000  capital,  and  emi)l()ys  800  hands.  Since  Col.  Colt's  deathij 
has  been  run  by  a  company,  of  which  Gen.  Franklin  is  President.  Its  inniieni 
buildings  are  in  the  S.  E.  part  of  xhe  city,  near  the  river,  from  whose  iuundatioM 
they  are  guarded  by  a  dike  (50  ft.  b.-oad  at  the  top,  and  8,700  ft.  long),  wliicli  (A 
880,000.  The  Church  of  the  Good  t'lieitherd  is  nearby.  The  Sharps'  Kilie-Msr 
uf ictory  (now  at  Bridgeport)  was  .lere  for  many  years,  making  arms  for t| 
United  States,  GreatT  Britain,  Gerraary,  China,  Japan,  Mexico,  Peru,  and  uiif 


HAllTFOKD. 


Jiuule21.     139 


'hnrdi ; 
me ;  2, 
i"eiist  at 
evil  and 

.ng  Ship 
[  NVarren 
Ast  liave 
iiiilioWt ; 
,huU ;  S7, 
Sea  View 

pit'tuves, 

of  Mt>«t- 
;  12,  Uuly 

poor  lig^it, 
L  Boaz ;  V5, 

tains,  fok; 
lie  Laily  of 
[alcott  Mt., 

nerii-'«*^^^' 
l)ec\avation 

New  Haven ; 

tbe  State  ot 

h  a  circuit- 
Ijy  a  u.em^« 

„  (open  daily  ■■ 
among  wlnai 
jiUes,  swori». 
kf  Connuissiin 
nth  cova\"iw 

fjf  the  chain 
der  Bvewstet' 
is  tl.roNVU"'W 

;  1704  (the  !ii=' 
chair  in  f  ^J 
>  fleets  onl- 

'-W'atUins""'*  I 

li  ristoi  raet;4 
oi  Colt  *  'i^'''*;  J 

Peru,  au*i 


n 


Aiiioiig  the  other  companies  now  in  operation  are  the  Kellogg  &  Bulkeley  Litho- 
graphing Co.,  the  Pratt  &  Whitney  Machine  Co.,  the  \Va.->lil)iini  Car-Wlicel  fiic- 
toiy,  tlie  Weed  Bewing-Machine  Co.,  Plienix  Inm  Foundry,  I'linij>ton  Envtiojie 
Co..  IJitterson'.s  marble-works,  etc.  Hartlbrd  i.s  also  an  important  market  for 
wool  and  tobacco. 

The  great  subscription-hook  publishing-houses  of  Hartford  print  many  thou- 
saml.s  of  books  yearly.     The  chief  of  these  are  the  American   rublishing  Co, 

Tlie  city  has  17  banks,  9  Masonic  lodges,  3  lodges  of  Odd  Fellow.s,  3  of 
Kniu'lits  of  Pythias,  1  Grand-Army  Post,  21  temperance  societies,  and  7 
elite  military  companies,  one  of  which,  the  Putnam  Phalanx,  i.s  widely 
famed.  Its  members  dress  in  antique  uniforms,  and  the  corps  (125  men) 
is  said  to  represent  §11,000,000,  The  city  has  more  wealth  in  propor- 
tion to  its  population  than  any  other  American  city,  and  its  society  is  of 
a  high  and  cultivated  order. 

By  following  Main  St.  to  the  S.  beyond  St,  Peter's  Church,  Armsmear 
is  soon  reached  (on  the  1. ).  This  is  the  residence  of  the  Colt  family,  with 
spacious  grounds  adorned  with  groves,  lakes,  marble  statuary,  green- 
houses, and  a  deer-park.  Near  the  mansion  is  a  beautiful  *  copy  (in 
bronze)  of  the  Amazon  and  Tiger,  at  the  Museum  in  Berlin,  About  3  M. 
Ijyond  is  ancient  Wethersfield,  seti^ed  by  men  of  Watertown,  Mass.,  in 
1335.  At  13-36,  the  first  Conn,  legislature  convened  here  declared  wir 
against  the  Pequots.  Tlie  old  Webb  mansion,  near  the  Cong,  Church, 
was  \Va.shington's  head-quarter.s,  and  here  frequent  and  pi'otracted  councils 
of  the  French  aiid  American  officers  prepared  the  plans  which  ended  at 
Yorktown,  The  town  has  long  been  noted  for  its  great  crops  of  onions. 
Sinc3  1823,  the  State  Prison  has  been  established  here. 

About  3  M,  S,  W,  of  the  city  is  Cedar  Hill  Cemetery,  on  a  bare  and 
lofty  hill  commanding  views  of  the  Queen  City  and  the  valley  of  the 
Couu.  Tlie  *  Beach  Memorial  is  a  beaiitiful  work  of  Italian  art,  A  high 
kse,  surrounded  by  elegant  bas-reliefs,  supports  a  vase,  which  is  sheltered 
I  ly  a  tabernacle  in  red,  yellow,  and  white  marbles,  sujjported  by  columns 
jof  Scotch  granite.  The  Clark  Monument  is  surmounted  by  a  coiossal 
Uronze  Angel  of  the  Resurrection  (cast  in  Munich).  The  Ptussell  Monu- 
msnt  is  crowned  by  a  life-size  and  life-like  seated  statue.  The  monj^pfifnt 
[to  Col,  Samuel  Colt  (who  invented  the  revolving  pistol)  consists  of  a  lofty 
|Ej\'ptian  column  of  Scotch  granite,  surmounted  by  a  bronze  angel,  while 
Ion  the  pedestal  is  the  family  coat-of-arms  (a  colt  rampant,  with  a  brolccn 
jspear  in  liis  mouth).  The  Ailyn  Memorial  Chapel  is  a  stately  structure  of 
rWsterly  granite. 

The  *  State  Capitol  stands  on  the  hill  S.  of  Bushnell  Park,  and  is  visible 

Prom  the  railroad  t-tation  and  from  the  track.     It  occupies  the  former  site 

M  Trinity  College,  which  was  purchased  by  the  city  in  1872  (subject  to  5 

pars' occupation)  for  8000,000,  and  pre.'^ented  to  the  State.     The  build- 

H^''^^  desijjued  by  Upjohn,  and  cost  about  $  2,500,000.     It  is  of  white 


i 

■  i 

I 

■     1 

'  m 

11 

I'' 


!| 


:^rM  ! 


^'..■f^- 


11 


■f 


/ '   _ 


ill! 


139  a.    Route  n. 


HARTFORD. 


marble,  in  secular  Gothic  architecture,  300  ft.  long,  with  its  fronts  broken 
by  frequent  angles,  columns,  arches,  galleries,  and  abundant  coinmeniora- 
tive  sculpture.  Resting  on  the  brow  of  the  hill  it  commands  a  superb 
view,  and  again  in  turn  is  thus  visible  from  almost  all  points  of  the  city. 
The  Hall  of  Representatives  is  in  the  centre  of  the  S.  front,  and  is  liglited 
on  three  sides.  The  arcades  are  upheld  by  polished  granite  columns  ;  and 
the  tympani  are  filled  with  sculptures  whose  subjects  were  chosen  from 
the  history  of  Conn.  Tiie  dome  is  250  ft.  high,  curving  from  a  dodecago- 
nal  base  at  whose  angles  are  statues  representing  the  12  original  States, 
with  a  statue  of  Connecticut,  holding  her  Charter,  on  the  top. 

Trinity  College  was  founded  in  1824  as  Washington  College,  and  re- 
ceived its  present  name  in  1845.  Its  new  site  is  on  Rocky  Hill,  about  U 
M.  from  the  Hartford  station,  by  avenues  leading  through  a  delightful 
part  of  the  city  ;  and  commands  a  superb  view  over  the  Connecticut  and 
Park-River  Valleys,  with  many  handets  on  the  peaceful  plains  and  bold 
mountain-ranges  beyond.  The  buildings  (now  being  slowly  erected)  are 
of  brownstone,  in  early  French  Gothic  architecture,  designed  by  William 
Burges  of  London.  They  are  to  form  three  great  quadrangles,  harmonious 
in  design,  and  will  be  the  best  edifices  in  America  for  educational  pur- 
poses. The  length  of  the  front  is  1,300  ft.,  the  lengthwise  buildings  being 
used  as  dormitories  and  lecture-rooms,  the  N.  transverse  block  the  Thea- 
tre and  Observatory,  the  S.  block  the  professors'  residences,  and  the  trans- 
verse blocks  N.  and  S.  of  the  *'  Great  Quad  "  the  Library  and  Museum, 
Chapel  and  Dining-Hall.  The  grounds  cover  80  acres,  and  are  being  laid 
out  by  F.  Law  Olmsted,  with  the  statue  of  Bishop  Brownell  on  the  broad 
ten-ace  in  front  of  the  buildings.  Trinity  has  about  100  students.  Its 
old  Seabury,  Brownell,  and  Jarvis  Halls  were  all  demolished  to  {;ive 
place  to  the  new  Capitol. 

The  Asylum-Hill  Cong.  Church  has  a  spire  225  ft.  high.  St.  Patrick's 
Cathedral  has  been  rebuilt,  and  is  on  Church  St.,  the  Bishop's  residence 
and  convent  being  on  Farmington  Ave.  Cheney  Bros.,  the  silk  manufac- 
turei-s,  have  a  new  and  imposing  brownstone  building  on  Main  St. 


Talcott  Itft 

of  >vads»vortii  i' 

n  glorious  *vieM 

''Iiss.  and  N.  Y. 

Conn,  u  seen  sv 

sr-irea  of  nmneiv 

the  vessels  in  th 

tinrtjy  visible." 

(,'ranfl  snenery  of 

prol,.ibly  witii  fe« 

From  this  jmint  i- 

fi"'d  nn.i  its  interv 

''e^^■theAIts.  01 

'i;i  nvorite  one  w 

Otlmr  e.TCursion.« 

to.Ola.sfenbury,  an( 

rmn,,p,.s  during  t 

Bnt.sJ,  and  HessiJ 

Jolin  Fitch,  invenf 

'•our-    Fulton's  Itl 
0"  the  Hurlson  in  i^ 

finyotner  town  in  A 


SpringfleM  DfTlsio, 
Ha'tioid  and  Springfi 


iken 
,ova- 
perb 
city, 
rhted 
;  and 
from 
?ca;^o- 
states, 

md  re- 

lOVlt  \\ 

lightt'ul 

;v\t  and 

ud  bold 

ted)  are 

WiUiara 

nvoiiious 

mal  p^^T- 

ngs  being 

the  Tlie;v 

tbe  trans- 
Museum, 
being  iaid 
the  broad 
ents.    Its 
d  to  give 

Patrii^.Vs 
residence 
maiiufac- 

it. 


HARTFORD  TO  SPRINGFIELD.     Route  21.     139  6. 

Talcott  Mt.  is  about  9  M.  W.  The  estate  "Monte  Video  "  of  the  old  farallj 
of  W'adsworth  is  on  its  snmmit,  and  the  pretty  Gothic  villa  is  near  a  "deep,  colcf, 
irystalline  lake."  on  the  brow  of  the  mt.  Prom  a  neighlioring  tower,  " you  have 
a  glorious  *  view  of  the  surrounding  country,  and  into  the  adjoining  States  of 
M 133.  and  N.  Y.  ;  the  whole  surrounded  by  an  inipurpled  outline  of  mts.  The 
Conn.  i3  seen  .'iweeping  onwarrl  like  a  king,  through  its  fair  domain,  amid  the 
sT.irea  of  numerous  towns  and  villages,  while,  by  tlie  lid  of  a  glass,  th«  sails  of 
tiie  vessels  in  the  pert  of  Hartford,  and  the  movements  in  the  streets,  are  dis- 
tinrtly  visible."  (Mrs.  Sioournev.)  "The  peculiarities  of  the  beautiful  and 
grand  scenery  of  Monte  Video  make  it  quite  without  a  parallel  in  America,  and 
prolinbly  with  few  in  the  world,"    (Prof.  Hilliman.) 

liochu'llill  (7  M.  S.)  presents  a  remarkable  juncition  of  trap-rook  and  sandstone. 
From  this  point  is  enjoyed  a  rich  view  over  the  river  valley,  embracing  Wethcrs- 
tlcld  and  its  intervales,  (Jlasten bury  and  the  Lyme  Mts.,  N.  Hartford,  and,  40  M.  to 
tlie  N.,  the  Mts.  of  Tom  and  Holyoke.  The  ride  to  Rocky  Hill,  by  the  river-road, 
is  a  favorite  one  with  the  Hartford  citizens. 

Otlier  excursions  are  to  Tumble-Down  Brook  (8  M.  W.),  fj  E.  and  W.  Hartford, 
to  Glastonbury,  and  over  Newington  Mt.  S.  Windsor  (6  M.  N.)  was  a  depot  for 
prisniiers  during  the  Revolution,  and  its  numerous  lines  oi  elms  were  planted  by 
Biitisli  and  Hessian  captives,  under  the  direction  of  Lafayette.  II  re  was  born 
John  Fitch,  inventor  and  builder  of  the  first  steamlwat  in  America.  He  ran  a 
steamer-line  on  the  Delaware  River  ftom  1786  to  1790,  the  l>oat  making  8  M.  an 
hour.  Fulton's  steamers,  the  " Clermont "  and  the  "Car  of  Neptune,"  were  put 
on  the  Hudson  in  1807.  50  years  ago  more  gin  was  made  in  E.  Windsor  than  in 
any  otner  town  in  America. 

Hartford  to  Springfield. 

Springfield  Division  of  the  N.  Y.  &  N.  E   R.  R.    The  running  time  between 
Hartford  and  Springfield  is  about  1.^  hrs.    The  distance  is  31  M. 

The  line  crosses  the  Connecticut  River  on  the  bridge  of  the  New  York 
and  New  Enghmd  Railro.id,  and  soon  reaches  J'J.  Hartford,  a  pros- 
perous rural  village  near  the  Hockanum  River.  Its  long  and  elm-lined 
street  is  famous  for  antique  dignity  and  beauty.  Several  factories  are 
located  in  this  vicinity.  The  train  runs  N. ,  near  the  broad  and  fertile  in- 
tervales of  he  Connecticut,  prolific  in  rye  and  grain,  wliere  the  ferocious 
Podunk  Indians  anciently  dwelt.  The  line  soon  diverges  from  the  river. 
and  crosses  long  and  level  plains,  with  but  little  of  interest  visible.  Al- 
ter crossing  the  Podunk  River,  the  hills  of  Vernon  and  Ellington  appear 
on  the  r.,  and  the  hamlet  of  S.  Windsor  is  soon  reached. 

Station,  East-  Windsor  Hill,  where  the  Conn.  Theological  Institution 
was  long  located.  Near  this  place  is  the  Scantic  River.  Beyond  Osbom 
station  is  Broad  Brook,  the  seat  of  the  Broad-Brook  Manufacturing  Co., 
which  prnducas  cassimeres  and  other  woollen  goods.  A  short  distance 
W.  is  Warehouse  Point,  opposite  Windsor  Locks  and  near  the  gi-eat 
liriilcre  of  the  N.  Y.,  N.  H.  &  H.  R.  R.  This  locality  formerly  possessed 
tliH  largest  gin-distilleries  in  the  United  States.  The  riverward  inter- 
vales now  produce  valuable  crops  of  tobacco.  The  train  now  enters  En- 
fifW,  which  belonged  to  Massachusetts  until  1762,  and  was  settled  in 
•"'SI  by  immigrants  from  Salem  in  that  Province.     Beyond  Melrose  the 


I 


i    f 


Rmte  U. 


MERIDEN. 


':■  Y: 


,i„,  reaches  m.armtU,  which  te  '»"««  ;'  ^  ^  i,  S  Shaker  Station. 
'Zeic  S«.tic  Kiver  i»  cros»..A,  "'^^- ^^^n  gliding.  Two  taiUe, 
"here  the  Shaker,  have  bmlt  a  hj       ome  _^^  ^^  y,^  ^    ,  .11 

I  Shakers  n,aintai,navge  ami  a,  n,,  ally      P         „,,v„„y,  and  =how,„g 

lri*in«  their  weird  ":;:^;    :J:,^,.,„  ,„  >'ew  England. 
„„  ,,,„,t  systematic  ami  P™"',      "T,,.,,,,  line,  and  reaches  ^.  i»»J- 
*T        „e  now  crosses  tH  M»»  "  ^'       ^     g^,,,  ,ner^van^3  it  pp= 
„L„»,  near  valnaWe^-™    »     J'^^,^^  g.^ngfleld  on  the  ra,l,  of 

?,  E  0    the  station)  was  for  '"■^"'^'^^^^  Mobile  and  Quel>ec.    Tl. 
t.pedler»  who  traversed  the  "» ''''.^^^^'to^.t  1775,  and  is  st  1  earnrf 

nxanufactv.-e  of  ^  ":^;^«  J[^^^  ^,,„  Uere,  ^vbo,  at  Gen- St-  Cla^^ 
on.    The  heroic  Majo   Hart  js  ^^  ^^^^  ^^^,  g  infju      ( 

Hartford  and  New  Haven.    Near  the  i  ^^^  ^^.^^^^^  ^.y^nd.    ij 

si?ifS£=sJr>--s"T-=; I'd 

Lere.    Here  a\80  are  uia  iiaven.  Belcher  built  a  w'  ^,1 

wasauativeofMeriilea-  ■ 


r1<s. 
lion, 

,  stiU 
)Nviug 

passes 
•ails  of 


BOSTON   TO   ALBANY,  &c.      Rmte22.      141 

After  Yalesville  comoe  Walling^ord  {Ingraham  House).  Davenport 
preached  a  sermon  at  the  founding  of  this  town  (in  1600)  from  the 
text,  "My  beloved  hath  a  vineyard  in  a  very  fruitful  hill."  On  that 
fruitful  bill  the  village  is  built,  with  a  neat  town  hall,  a  costly  Episcopal 
church,  and  a  fine  modern  school-house,  besides  several  neat  villas. 
Manufactures  of  German-silver  ware,  Albata  plate,  &c.,  are  carried  on  on 
the  plain.  The  Hanging  Hills  form  a  lofty  and  picturesque  scene  to  the 
W.  of  the  village. 


14 


!'■ 


NevriTig- 
[.  on  U^e 
,n  vWage 
jriputetic 

jec.    T^'« 
\U  cavviei 
Av'9  defeat 
[anUy  (t^^"! 
3f  his  men 
Covriigatei 

ray  \)ctweeTi 
ck)  are  sev- 
,yonc\.  T^« 
js  passed  M 

'view  extend- 

d. 

Iv  id  527  X*''^ 

i^  ^^       'rP  Uffi 


The  I'ne  follows  the  Quinnipiac  Valley  to  N.  Haven.  Tliere  is  here  a 
Gothic  cliurch  (Episcopal)  facing  the  Green,  near  which  is  the  house  where 
Dr.  Trumbull  the  historian  lived  for  50  years,  and  wrote  4,000  sennons 
and  several  books.  North  Haven  makes  several  million  bricks  yearly. 
The  train  soon  passes  East  Rock  (on  the  r.),  crosses  Mill  River,  and  enters 
New  Haven. 

New  Haven  to  New  York,  see  Route  8. 

22.  Boston  to  Albany,  Saratoga,  and  the  West 

Via  the  Boston  and  Albany  Railroad,  Renssehier  and  Saratoga  R.  R. ,  and  New 
York  Central  R.  R.    Boston  to  Albany,  202  M.    Fare,  $  4.60.    Boston  to  Saratoga, 

m  M. 

Tliis  is  the  favorite  route  running  W.  from  Boston,  and  will  long  hold  this  posi- 
tion, since  the  principal  inland  cities  of  Massachusetts  are  on  its  line.  When  its 
constnu'tiou  was  first  talked  of,  the  "  Boston  Courier  "  derided  tlie  sclieme,  saying 
that  it  ciMild  be  built  only  at  an  "  expense  little  less  than  the  market  value  of  the 
wiiole  territory  of  Massachusetts,  and  which,  if  practicable,  every  person  of  cora- 
mon-sense  knows  would  be  as  useless  as  a  railroad  from  ISoston  to  the  moon." 
Yrt  the  work  went  on,  the  road  was  completed  to  Worcester  in  1835,  to  Spring- 
tipid  in  1839,  and  to  Albany  in  1842.  The  admirable  appointments  and  organiza- 
tion of  tliis  route,  and  its  immunity  from  accidents,  have  given  it  a  wide  reputa- 
i  lion  and  an  extensive  patronge. 

The  station  in  Boston  is  on  the  corner  of  Knceland  and  South  Sts. 
After  emerging  from  the  city,  the  line  crosses  the  Providence  F  vilroad 
(Route  8)  on  the  Back  Bay  lands,  and  passes  the  junction  of  the  Woon- 
I socket  Railroad  (2  M.  out),     A  fine  panoramic  view  is  gained  by  a  back- 
jwanl  glance  from  the  windows  on  the  r.  of  the  car,  embracing  the  ancient 
lacailemic  city  of  Cambridge,  with  the  heights  of  Somerville  and  Charlea- 
|town,  wliile  much  of  Boston  is  visible  to  the  rear. 
For  the  itinerary  between  Boston  and  Springfield,  see  Route  21. 
The  line  crosses  the  Connecticut  River  on  a  long  bridge  just  after  leav- 
ing Springfield,  and  follows  the  valley  of  the  Agawam  River  past  W. 


r 


('" 


Hi 


i.J 


lli 


142    Rnute23.         THE  BERKSHIRE  HILLS. 

Springfield  Station  (a  manufacturing  village;  Agawam  Hotel)  to  "West- 
field  (Willmarth  House).  The  Indian  domain  of  Woro- 
noco  was  settled  by  the  English  in  1660,  and  called  Streamfield,  from 
the  abundance  of  its  waters,  but  later,  the  Legislature  named  it  WestfieM 
as  the  most  Avesterly  of  the  settlements.  Late  in  King  Philip's  War,  the 
colonial  council  ordered  that  this,  and  all  thw  other  valley  towns,  should 
be  evacuated,  and  that  their  inhabitants  should  concentrate  at  Springfield 
and  Hadley.  An  angry  refusal  was  returned,  and  the  towns  negotiated 
for  union  with  Conn,  until  the  obnoxious  edict  was  repealed.  Westfield 
built  a  fort  and  stood  her  ground.  At  present  it  is  a  busy  village,  where 
32  firms  make  2,500,000  whip.s  a  year,  and  8-12,000,000  cigars  are  an- 
nually made.  The  iitate  Norvml  School  located  here  has  IGO-  200  stu- 
dents, and  is  of  high  reputation.  Several  churches  front  on  the  Green, 
wliich  is  adorned  by  a  monument  by  which  "  Westfield  honors  the 
memory  of  her  sons  who  have  fallen  in  defence  of  Liberty,  Union,  and 
Independence,  1861  to  1866."  The  pedestal  beurs  the  arms  of  the  State 
and  of  the  UniOii,  and  a  list  of  the  slain,  and  is  surmounted  by  a  bronze 
soldier,  of  heroic  size.  The  village  is  .situated  in  a  beautifiil  valley  by  the 
Westfield  River,  ^  M.  S.  of  the  station.  Tlie  New  Haven  and  North- 
ampton Railroad  crosses  the  line  at  this  point. 

The  line  now  runs  up  the  valley  of  the  Westfield  River,  passing 
Pochassic  Hill  and  Mt.  Tekoa  on  the  r.,  and  stops  at  Russell  (Russell 
House),  in  a  mountainous  town.  Station,  Huntington  and  Chester,  after 
which  the  line  passes  into  Berkshire  Coimty  (see  Route  23).  Beyond  the 
borders  of  Berkshire  and  of  Massachusetts  the  line  enters  New  York  State, 
aud  connects  at  Chatham  with  the  Hudson  and  Boston  R.  R.  and  the 
Harlem  R.  R.  From  Chatham,  it  runs  N.  W.,  through  Kinderhook  and 
Schodack,  to  Greenbush,  and  thence  crossing  the  Hudson  on  a  noble  bridge, 
eaters  the  city  of  Albany. 

Connections  are  here  made  with  the  New  York  Central  R.  R.  for  the  West,  and 
with  other  routes  for  New  Yorl\,  Saratf>ga  Springs,  &c.  Also  witli  tlie  Hudson 
River  boats.  From  Albany  to  Utica,  95  M.  ;  to  Rome,  109  M.  ;  to  Syracuse,  147 
M.  ;  to  Rochester,  '250  M.  ;  to  Buffalo,  297  M. ;  to  Niagara  Falls,  305  M.  ;  to  De- 
troit, 53{J  M.  ;  to  Chicago,  820  M.  These  distances  are  calculated  on  the  N.  Y. 
Central  R.  R.,  and  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern  R.  R.  (via  Toledo  and 
ClcvelaudX  which  it  meets  at  Buffalo.  By  the  same  route  and  the  shortest  lines 
beyond,  the  whole  distance  from  Boston  to  Niagara  Falls  is  507  M. ;  to  Chicago, 
1,022  M. ;  to  St.  Louis,  1,302  M. ;  to  Omaha,  1,5 15  M. :  to  ^an  Francisco,  3,429  M. 

23.  The  Berkshire  Hills. 

This  district  will  be  considered  in  connection  with  its  railway  system,  whose 
various  lines  will  be  treated  of  independently  of  their  connections  beyond  tlie 
county  limits. 

Tlie  Berkshire  Hills  form  a  beautiful  and  picturesque  district  of  mountains  and 
lakes,  abounding  in  churms  for  the  lover  of  nature.  Thousands  of  city  pcniilf 
flock  hither  every  summer,  and  rest  and  relax  amid  scenes  so  peaceful  and  at''^^ 
live.    The  best  time  for  a  visit  here  is  in  October,  "when the  holiday  1"'""  "" 


their  \rr.>athod 
"<•■  ner  of  thii 

Nut  f()Ji„jved  « 

;;  "It  a  ,)„V},tv 

SKIM,  and  over'l 

"  ''Voiii  Salisb 

stre  ,.,,.,  .,  ,.„„■; 

""*  '■''<e-distri(;t 
^"'.'thor  writer 
!M„  ift„  rivers  a 
•r-3/ork  „aive,y 
l'-,  ^  •'«  not  k, 

„,\''e  route  from 

"That  section 

^^erkshire  is  a  wc 

art.    After  leavim 

'J'leritance  of  alJu 

'''e  narrow  valleys 

•7ynd  woodland 
"^^''^  engine  then, 
"'•^  strikes  yo«.^ 

;:v^-^^bed,^ 

^^f ''  ^t  dodges  J 

7f '"  «treams,'t, 

,  "^  >«»fra.ssageis 
I  over  you."         *'' ^^ 

I  ol!'^'"."«  entered 
'^  »'.   AllT'^P'«ced  J 

iiu  o    7*«)nassev< 


THE  BERKSHmE  HILLS.  n.Ue  ,S. 


143 


their  u-rt^athetl  and  crowr^ert  i,„„^    ,  •      i*. 

What  a  mighty  cl.or.is  of  ",^ioS  S  ".?""  *'»«  '"ts^ancK  thlr  *^°  "^""bo^vs 

^'r.yIo..k\S;'^  ,&'!>/"« ''^^^^  mt.  and  lake 

P'-,  I  -lo  not  i.owlK;^v  trn?''^ ''"•'' '^""^'•cSS  Godfrey 

Imonf,  Pan  rigj.tly Z  .In  hSH'?  "Pl'cllation  mav  bo  k.  f  f'^*''"""*  of  An.er- 
lii -tful  re^don."  '^  "^  "^^  ^'»"*"1  «'e  Berkshire  .!f  Euiope  ?  '/^^"ow  tha  Tf 
,^,Ihe  route  from  Boston  ♦«  n    ^    ,  ^"rope,  it  must  be  a  vei-v  d«. 

Distance  to  Pitts  Held   n,  u  '^^"^''^^  Berkshire  is  hv  f  i,«  n    . 
/f  he  route  frSm  Newj-o/k  ■/«^;'' P'^O-  ^  *^' ^^*«»  "^n^I  Albany  R  r 

to  P.tt.s/ieia  1C«  M.     Ka      SfStl'l^'-V  the  Housatonic-  R  R     n    / 

"Tlut  section  of  the  Western  pT   T'"''^  "'  ''  ^'  ^-"  A^^''^ 
Berksh^  is  a  work  of  i.^t    f^l  '^\  f^-s  the  wiM  hills'of 
rt    After  ieavmg  the  wi.le  meadows  o^  tL  r     ""l'"^"^  'vchievement  of 

H  Sfr  t;ri=  Sr^  "^"-^ 

"  We  h.av«  ...„_..  ^    .   .  'g"ty  walls  frown 


„     ""  ^«»aclleaeld  '  y'^y  a  Hotel),  Hi  w    HJ:  .Ittf  *'»'"lce 

.  f^«m  Tekoa  Mt  to  W.  h  •  Middlefield 

y    auej.    Station,  a-„^rfa/e,  In  a 


•ii 


fej' 


:  <  ■ 


:3. 


iMh 


■"i^wo'— '■■¥»f'* 


H4     Iii)ute23. 


THE  BERKSHIRE  HILLS. 


m 


"ji 
1 1 


!!i 


lurge  tc'cn  (so  named  in  honor  of  its  first  pastor)  wliidi  is  •'  more  i)le!isiii3 

tc  /er  of  fine  nionntain  scenery,  exhilarating  hree/es,  and  crvshil 

fouutauis,  than  to  the  fanner  in  quest  of  fortune."     Tlie  mts.  liere  rccMlfl 

from  thf;  lino  of  the  track,  and  the  tall  hills  of  Peru  are  seen  on  the  E. 

(r. ).     Station,  /'a/^ow  (Eugle  Hotel),  originally  named  Dale-town,  wliich 

has  large  paper-factories.     From  Dalton   a  highway  leads  to  \Vin<Isor 

(Cleveland  House)  7  M.  N.  E.,  the   Indian  "  Onschaukamaxig,"  a  kiflily 

situated  village  in  a  town  rich  in  Sa.vony  and  Merino  sheep,  and  "  ndtcl 

for  the  longevity  of  its  inhabitants."    Ahout  3  M.  from  Dalton,  on  the 

Windsor  road,  are  the  Wahconah  Falls,  where  a  mt.  stream  falls  in  3  leajis 

over  an  80-ft.  clitf  of  gray  marble.     f»  M.  beyonil  Dalton  the  train  ]iasst's 

Silver  Lake,  and  stops  at  the  costly  and  handsome  station  in  Fittsfield. 

Hotels.  American  IIouBe,  on  North  St.,  120  guests,  at  $10-15  a  wo<>k  ;  Hur- 
Imiik  House,  opputtite  the  station,  $9-  12  a  week.  JSpriugsiidv, lor  suuiiuer-buiiKicrs, 
$  lU  - 14  a  week.     Good  reHtuui-ant  in  tlie  station. 

Pittsfield  is  a  beautiful  town  of  15,0U0  inhabitants,  and  is  the  centiv  nml 
capital  of  Berkshire  County.  It  was  settled  about  the  middle  of  tlic  last 
century  (1762)  on  the  Indian  domain  of  Pontoosuc,  and  in  1701  it  re- 
ceived its  pre.sent  name,  in  honor  of  William  Pitt,  the  English  statesman 
and  friend  of  America, 

In  1844  the  Berkshire  Jubilee  was  held  here,  calling  in  thousands  of  the  snris  of 
the  county  from  all  parts  of  the  Union  ;  and  on  Sept.  24,  1872,  the  largest  imilti- 
tnde  ever  seen  in  Berkshire  gatliered  here  at  the  dedication  of  the  Soldiers' 
Monument.  At  siuirise  the  church-bells  rang,  and  37  guns  were  tired,  and  tlie 
procession  included  8  hands  of  music,  detachments  from  9  veteran  regiments,  tlie 
2d  Mass.  Militia  reg.,  and  2  Commanderies  of  Knights  Templar.  G.  W.  Curtis 
was  the  orator  of  the  day.  "The  soldiers'  monuments  of  the  late  war,  hajipily 
arising  in  every  town  and  in  every  village,  with  the  beautiful  rites  of  Dcroration 
Day,  hallowing  the  memory  of  heroes,  are  like  the  spring  of  liherty,  flowing 
everywhere  in  the  land."  The  monument  consists  of  a  massive  pedestal  on  which 
is  a  bronze  statue  of  a  lithe  young  soldier  in  fatigue  uniform,  standing  at  rest, 
with  his  left  hand  holding  a  nag-staif,  and  the  right  hand  high  up  in  the  folds  of 
the  flag.  This  "Color-Bearer  "  was  designed  by  Launt  Thompson,  and  cast  from 
the  metal  of  5  cannon  given  by  Congress  for  the  i)iiriio8e.  The  pedestal  contains 
the  names  of  5  officers  and  90  men  who  died  in  the  flekl,  out  of  1,250  who  enlisted 
at  Pittsfield. 

"  A  voice  from  lips  whereon  the  coal  from  Freedom's  §hrlnc  hath  been. 
Thrilled,  as  hut  yesterday,  the  hearts  of  Bcrksliire's  Mountain  men  ; 
The  echoes  of  that  solemn  voice  arc  sadly  lingering  still 
In  all  our  sunny  valleys,  on  every  wind-swept  hill. 

And  sandy  Barnstable  rose  np,  wet  with  the  salt  sea  spray  j 

And  Bristol  sent  her  answerins  shout  down  Nnrrapnnsctt  Bay ; 

Alonpt  the  broad  Connecticut  old  Hampden  felt  the  thrill, 

And  the  cheer  of  Hampshire  s  woodmen  swept  down  from  Holyoke  Hill. 

Ko  slave-hunt  in  our  borders  —  no  pirate  on  our  strand  I 
So  fetters  in  the  Bay  State  —  no  slave  upon  our  land  I " 

■Whittier. 

The  monument  stands  in  the  Park,  a  green  in  the  midst  of  the  city, 
which  is  called  the  heart  of  Berkshire. 

Here,  in  the  centre  of  an  elliptical  line  of  trees,  stood  the  Old  Elm,  I 
with  its  90  ft.  of  smooth  shaft,  and  concentric  rings  representing  340  years  j 
of  growth.     After  being  twice  thunder-smitten,  the  Old  Elm  became  unj 


yi  \\ 


7 


•y  still 

wliii'li 
iuAsor 
loftily 
i<  iiotC'l 
,  oil  tlic 

1  passes 

sfteia. 

Iboaidrr!", 

cntvi!  and 
,f  tlie  last 
701  it  re- 
statesman 


the.  sons  o| 
y^rest  in""v 
B  Soldiers' 

;vea,au.ltl;e 

war,  liavv.ily 
,f  v)rporation 

ertv,  fto^^i"? 

diut;«  ;^i 

the  fi'Ws  0' 
n.\  cast  from 
istal  coiitams 

y,\xn  culiste<i 


pen, 
bn; 


stoftliecity. 


THE   UERKSHIRE  HILLS.         Rmte  iS.     145 

safe,  ani  was  taken  down  in  1864,  amid  the  mourning  of  tho  county.  On 
one  side  of  tho  Park  is  the  Congregational  Church  (of  stono),  where  Dr. 
Joliii  Todd  (a  powerful  and  prolific  writer)  preached,  1842-70.  Next  to 
it  is  St.  Stcplieii's  Episcopal  Church.  At  the  end  of  the  Park  Is  the 
rli'j^.uit  \vhito  niarlde  *  Court  House,  which,  together  with  the  Jail  (iu 
another  street),  cost  $  40(>,000.  Near  the  Court  House,  and  fronting  the 
Park,  is  the  building  of  tlie  Berkshire  Athenteuni,  containing  a  fine  library 
anil  collections  of  local  curiosities.  On  the  comer  of  North  and  West  Sts., 
near  tlie  Park,  is  the  noble  building  of  tho  Berkshire  Life  Insurance  Co. 
On  the  main  .street  are  some  fine  business  buildings,  and  beyond  the 
American  House  is  the  small  but  handsome  Cathedral  of  St. 

.losiiili.     The  French  residents  have,  also,  a  Catliolic  Church  for  their 
hunilred  families,  and  there  is  also  a  German  Lutheran  Church.     Beyond 
St.  Joseph's  is  the  Maplewood  Institute  (for  young  ladies),  "  whose  grace- 
ful chapel,  gymnasium,   and   half   ivy-covered   dwellings  gleam   white 
through  groves  and  avenues  of  famed  attractiveness ."    During  the  vacation; 
this  building  is  used  as  a  summer  board ing-house  ($10-15  a  week).    On 
Ijst  St.  is  the  noble  old  Appleton  mansion,  once  the  home  of  Longfellow's 
wife,  uiul  the  place  of  "The  Old  Clock  on  the  Stairs."    Longfellow  spent 
many  summers  here.     At  Pittsfield  Lord  Coleridge  said:  "England  has 
luithing  more  pleasingly  picturesque  than  Berkshire."    The  Baptists  liave 
a  handsome  church  on  North  St.;  and  the  Methodist  Church  is  attractive. 
There  are  many  beautiful  villas  on  Wendell  Avenue,  Jubilee  Hill,  &c. 
Tlie  town  is  situated  on  a  plateau  1,000-1,200  ft.  above  the  sea,  and 
siirrouiuled  by  lofty  hills,  the  Tuconics  on  the  W.  and  the  Hoosaos  on  the 
E.   Beautiful  villas  abound  in  the  suburban  streets,  and  extensive  manu- 
factures of  cotton  and  woollen  cloths,  knit  goods,  and  boots,  furnish  employ- 
ment for  the  foreign  population.     The  town  is  supplied  with  water  from 
Lake  Ashley,  a  little  romantic  loch  which  lies  upon  the  summit  of  Wash- 
injrtoii  Mt.  (1,800  ft.  high),  7  M.  to  the  S.  E.     Pittsfield  has  large  manu- 
fiic(iires,  beautiful  alluvial  environs,  9  churches,  3  papers,  and  4  banks. 

Lake  Onota  (G8:3  acres)  is  about  2  M.  AV.  of  Pittsfield.  From  the  hill 
whore  Ashley's  Fort  stood,  a  fine  view  is  enjoj'ed,  but  the  best  prospect  is 

mm  a  long  point  running  from  the  N.  shore,  to  which  locality  belongs  the 
IfceiKl  of  '•  The  White  Deer  of  Onota." 

Pontoosuc  Lake,  "the  haunt  of  the  winter  deer"  (575  acres),  is  2i  M. 
I^'of  Pittsfield,  on  the  road  to  Williamstown  (22  M.). 

Berry  Pond  is  to  tlie  N.  W.  in  Hancock.  "  Berry  Pond  does  not  derive  its 
jiiiiie  tioiii  the  straw t)errie3,  blackberries,  and  raspberries,  wliic.li  by  their  abun- 
pnceiu  the  vicinity  would  justify  tlie  appellation,  but  from  an  obscure,  stout- 
llicarted  man  who  once  dwelt  upon  its  border,  and  wrung  subsistence  for  a  large 
Ifaiiii!  of  girls  out  of  the  margin  of  its  rocky  chalice.  Nothing  can  exceed  the 
Ikmiy  of  this  pond.  Its  margin  is  sometimes  a  beach  of  silvery  sand,  strewn 
I'lth  blooks  of  snowy  quartz  and  delicate,  fibrous  mica  ;  again  grassy  and  green  to 
Itlie  water's  edge;  and  yet  again  fringed  with  long  eyelashes  of  birch  and  hazel- 
I'tws,  tliat  dreamily  gaze  at  their  reflection  in  the  mirror."    (Taconic.) 

South  l>Tonntatn  is  S.  of  Pittsfl".ld.     From  its  3.  summit  Greylock 

7 


I     I! 


!'• 


i-; 


V 


J  '  "' 


I 


■)       rt 


111  II 

!!  ii 


Ii 


linute  2X 


THE  lU'UKSllIKE  HILLS. 


Is  seen  in  the  N.,  Mount  Oceola  and  Perry's  Peak  tn  the  W.,  the  Lenox  Mt.  In  the 
B.,  and  the  Mtd.  of  Washington  in  tlie  K.  'Dig  city  is  cIohc  at  hand  in  tlu;  N  \\\\\\ 
Lake  Onota  at  its  Hide.  Ncaror  is  Melville  Lake,  or  Lilly  Howl,  near  Lilly 
Ope,  HO  named  from  an  old  Meg  Merrilies  of  a  lierniiteHS  named  Lilly,  who  oine 
lived  in  tlu  valley. 

Fn  the  nits.  N.  W.  of  Pittsfleld,  and  distant  fcveral  miles,  nro  Fonie  renmniji' 
rioints.  Below  Mt.  Ilonweo  irt  llie  I'romi.sed  Land,  a  name  given  witli  t;rim  .New 
Kii^land  humor  to  a  tnut  of  limd  lor  wiiirh  j^runts  were  long  jiromised  iinj 
longer delaye<l.  On  its  W.  summit  is  a  pretty  lakelet  wlience  Lulu  Ojie  (or  vnlli  y) 
may  Ih;  descended  to  Lula  (Jaseade,  "  a  foain-whito  ct)lunm  which  finds  its  base  in  ,t 
circuliir  pool  of  l)lai:k  and  glossy  surfai'e,  overliung  by  a  gray  old  boulder,  (hkI  \>y 
masses  of  tangle<l  foliage."  H.  of  tlie  I'romised  Land  is  the  Ojie  of  Prrmisc,  tlm 
i.earest  (though  ardu.tus)  path  to  IJerry  I'cnd.  Then  comes  Arbutus  Hill  .M.d 
ope,  wliiuh  are  covered  with  arbutus  in  May,  and  beyond  them  is  Old  Tower  11,11, 

8.  of  the  Lebanon  road  (which  runs  through  Lilly  Ope)  is  Doll  Mt,  wlirro  tlie 
Shakers  formerly  worshipped,  anil  which  tiiey  called  Mt.  Zion.  Silver  Lake  is  in 
t^ie  K.  environs,  and  Sylvan  Lake  is  2-3  M.  E.  of  the  city.  The  larger  lakes  hcrr- 
abouts  are  prolilli;  in  pickerel,  but  the  trout  have  been  nearly  exterminateil. 

U.  Wendell  Holmes  U>ug  resided  at  a  villa  2  M.  from  the  city,  on  a  Hmall  f.im 
remaining  from  24,ooo  acres  purchased  by  his  grandfather  in  17li5.  Nrnr  Mm 
lived  Herman  Melville,  the  rover,  and  atithor  of  sea-novels.  "  White  Jm  kct, " 
*'  Moby  Dick,"  and  other  works  were  written  here,  where  he  resided  ISyO-Oi". 

Daily  Htaees  run  from  Pirfi'fleid  N.  W  10  M  to  /fnnrnrk,  a  lonelv  Baptint  viiliiffo 
among  the  mountains  ;  also,  N.  2.^  R..  to  /'mifnnsvr.  nt  the  foot  of  Pontoosuc  bake; 
<>  M.  to  Lnnexboro  (I-anenboro  llouce) ;  13  .M.  to  yew  Anhfortf,  under  Sa<lillcli;ti'l{ 
Mt. ;  17  M.  to  S.  WilliamHUmyn  (Sabin  Uou«!),  under  (ireylock;  and  22  M  to 
Williamstown  (see  page  15(5).    Stages  from  Hinsdale  to  Whidsor,  l'eru,(7unnnii));ton. 

Near  the  st<ition  of  Richmond  are  tlie  remarkable  geological  phenomena  of 
Richmond  Valley,  consisting  of  seven  j'aiallel  lines  of  boulders,  Htreteliiiig  nvyo^i 
the  valley  fiom  Perry's  Peak  to  Lenox  Mt.  in  a  b.  E.  direction.  This  feature  was 
carefully  studied  by  Sir  Charles  Lyell  (in  two  visits),  and  is  mapped  and  desfribeJ 
In  his  "  Antiquity  of  Man."     Perry's  Peak  is  famed  for  its  superii  over-view. 

To  New  Lebanon  Springs  is  a  favorite  excursion  from  PittsfieUl.  By 
tlie  highway  the  distance  is  12-15  M.  ;  the  railroad  route  is  circuitous, 
be  nig  by  the  Albany  line  to  Chatham,  and  thence  up  the  Harlem  Ex- 
tension R.  R. 

HoteL — Columbia  Hall,  a  fashionable  and  elegant  summer-house. 

Tlie  thermal  springs  at  New  Lebanon  have  won  an  excellent  reputation 

for  their  efficacy  in  diseases  of  the  skin  and  liver.     The  flow  of  the  wa*eN 

is  very  large,  and  its  temperature  is  about  73°.     There  are  many  fine 

drives  and  walks  in  this  vicinity,  the  favorite  of  which  is  to  the  Shaker 

Village,  about  2  M.  distant. 

The  Shakers  originated  from  a  French  sect  which  came  to  England  in  1700.  ami 
Ann  Lee,  of  Manchester,  the  daughter  of  a  blactksmith  and  the  wife  of  a  lihi'l; 
smith,  joined  them  in  1758.  In  1770,  after  emerging  from  a  madhouse  where  ."^iie 
was  confined  for  reviling  matrimony,  she  annoimced,  "  I  am  Ann,  the  Word,"  a'"' 
socm  after  came  to  America,  and  was  made  the  "Spiritual  Head  "  of  the  sect.  I" 
1780  she  produced  a  revival  at  New  Lebanon,  and  converted  many  1o  Shnkfrism, 
soon  after  which  the  sect  established  its  head-quarters  there,  and  in  1795  iuiei'leJ 
the  couimonwefilth  covenant.  She  claimed  the  power  of  working  niiracles,  mni 
held  that  Cljrist's  coming  was  not  the  fultilment  of  "  the  desire  of  all  nations,  lut 
that  the  second  Divine  advent  must  naturally  be  manifested  in  that  pnrtii  ular 
object,  to  wit,  woman,  which  is  eminently  the  desire  of  all  nations."  Motliir 
Ann  made  New  Lebanon  "the  capital  of  the  Shaker  world,  the  rural  Viitican 
which  claims  a  more  despotic  sway  over  the  mind  of  man  than  ever  the  Kom"" 
.  Pontiff  assumed."  On  her  death  a  peculiar  hierarchy  assumed  the  goveninieiit 
The  First  Elder,  the  successor  of  Mother  Ann,  appoints  the  second  elder,  and  tw 


'»  '"'  e/„„,./ 
!^'"'''  (nuniy. 

U.ke  other, 
/;'"'i.^ette.  *:^„, 

ihfV  itivn  1..      ' 

ne..;)/"? ' «  '"' 
r' '"'«'«  wait 

,  ^'  «'^  the  railn 
;''""'0-,  with  the 

!:2  ""^'^  mfora 

f'^^S  the  Ji„e  o/ti 

f--g  South  3a 
^^^-    %afi«ecai 

T"  ^''e  St  "*'"'' ^'^ 


THK  UEHKmiRE  HILLS         z> 

"lese  four.  ».«ii...i  *.     .. ._ 


fi''''"'lin-  An  ',.1  ,,         '  "'  **'"'"'<'*  of  ins,,/! 'f ;       "'*       ''"'v  Lhw« 


h...M.',ri„  . '■''''''''■''  as  work«,  f  ,'"""'''  '»  the  ••  If/.  .  V' ''"« '"'o  <'Ii|..r  in 


''thewondeSv   *°  ^^"°^'"    (BtECHRn.)    Fred  n     p  '  ^"'  ^'^P^^'^"/ 
siJurable  leductlnl  f?^^i'  accommodates     140 


I  ■■'"•»  III  Lenox, 


r'J%-rooni\  „  "^^'"-^  ^'^^  oiJ  Court  House  ^wV  V  '''  «tuated  on  a 

■    ^b  room)  and  numerous  vm        ■'^ouse  (which  now  has  1  i;t. 


'!; 


t-fi     1 


1,^ 


»i ».'': 


I    / 


n  ill 


THE  BEUKSHIKE   HILLS. 


148      Jiouie  23. 

.„a  Bee.. .... ->;.f-t^rit~  t  !^s:  i^  -  ^^5 

'p,e,;.  of  sewerage,  ,md  a  »?J^'   ^^ca.h.     There  are  100  su,„u« 

churches  ar-e  Cong.,  *•«''••'''  ■  ',  ^  ^u.fiHe.l  cl«b.h<,u«e. 

cottages  here.    The  Lenox  ""^  "*    ^,^,  r„,„  ,„is  pohu  is  seen  the  r,A 

£,,l.a/e»,ii»2-aM-'',;'">  '°:      llahkeenac),  „„.,  ,Ue  wide  11™* 

S.ocUbridge  Valley  *^  ""'J^*  fuke  a.rd  Kattle^nake  5It.  o,,  the  ^.  l- 

,o„ie  valley  on  the  S.,  "'  '  ^""^^  Occla  Mt..,  on  the  N.  is  Sou.h  M  ..     j 

'^^r!,^rth:u:.:rlr '''"-' ^-^'"'-''™''"^'"^""'"' 

_  eaeU  being  ii  M-  1'"^'"  '^  °  '^^',  „  g.  „f  the  village,  «ilh  l.™« 
„,  Laurel  Lake  is  gained  from  the  h.st 

Fumaee  near  it  on  the  1.  ,^„„x  Mt.  and  H.cna.nJ 

Perry's  Peak  is  6-1  M.  '',■?'"'";,  P",!,„, he  frontier  ef  N-cw1..rli.'' 

Va^ev?  This  lone  summit,  «U,ehs,^Kl--;^  Ca.skills,  and  the  G,«. 

•    V,  f  7     R  M  bevond  the  Peulv.  .v,    ti  u    are  extensive  glass- 

;r.V=4" -^^     :  ...  the  r,nnac,,  »».«"- 'SI  .'  'JS 

,r        «  TTm,<ie  '  Norton  Ilouse)  is  *i  »^ 
1  r,  \T  bv  railroad  and  stage.  ^  ^^^e  Virginian  Lees, 

'tretsUd m  1760  -J™ Xtr Lry.     Paper-n^<»^; 

rwch  ti%.000  --^  -Vr^e^S  0"  the  S.,  .;■.  H^^ 
,  .     i.    ,      The  nuarnes  are  ciobe  uv^  v,,n-,nlving  marble  loi  i"  i 

Washington.    ^^'^ '1"    ,  ^  „iver.    They  are  now  supply  »=,  i 

tween  the  railroad  and  the  11  ei  j^.^^.     Le^.  H-i    . 

pilgrims  rest- 


'\\w. 
iiimtr 

i;  S.  l^- 
ich,  ^'^'^ 

tty  vi^''^' 
\\  \xW>- 

f,  York,  i> 
the  (>v«>' 


The  nwsit 


lox^y 


oai. 


Ivast  pvopoT- 
Capitol  s- 

lias  2"«1 


STOCKBKIDGE. 


/2oM<e  ^J.      149 


lud  an 


nc\on< 


?\\* 


Stockbridge  {Stochhridge  House,  70-80 guests,  $2.50aday,  $15-17.50 
a  week),  6  M.  from  Lee  by  K.  K.,  and  4  M.  by  I  he  highway,  is  one  of 
the  fairest  of  what  Gov.  Anilr«^w  called  '•  the  dehcious  surprises  of  Uerk- 
sliire."  It  is  "  famed  for  its  meadow-ehns,  fur  the  incturesque  beaut}' 
adjacent,  for  the  quiet  beauty  of  a  village  which  sleeps  along  a  level  plain 
just  under  the  rim  of  the  liills."  (Beecjier.)  The  hotel  fronts  on  the 
main  street;  to  its  1.  is  a  marble  fountain  from  Italy;  and  before  it  is  the 
new  memorial  St.  Paul's  Episcopal  Church,  the  gift  of  Mr.  Charles  E. 
Butler,  in  1884,  with  its  sweet  and  deep-toned  bell.  Near  by  stands  a 
brown-stone  shaft,  inscribed  "  To  her  sons,  beloved  and  honored,  who 
(lied  for  their  country  in  the  great  war  of  the  Rebellion,  Stockbridge,  in 
grateful  remembrance,  has  raised  this  monument."  To  the  W.  is  the 
house  (built  1737)  where  Edwards  wrote  "The  Freedom  of  the  Will." 

It  is  now  a  summer  boarding-house,  known  as  Edwards  ILiU.  In  and  near  the 
Gain,  \  M.  W.  of  the  hotel,  are  the  old  Cong.  Church;  tlie  Jonathan-Elwards 
uvMunnunt,  of  polished  Scotch  granite;  the  Bell-Tower,  a  picturejiqiie  stone  cam- 
panile containing  a  cliime  of  ten  bells,  given  to  the  town  by  David  Dudley  Field ; 
and  tlie  ancient  Indi.m  cemetery,  with  its  ru^gi-d  memorial  uionunient.  Aaron 
Burr  once  lived  ia  a  house  still  ^*tanding,  towards  the  station.  Opposite  Edwards 
ll.iU  is  the  venerable  Sedgwick  mausioii.  J  M.  N.  of  the  church  is  a  park  of  12 
acres,  iriven  to  the  town  by  Cyrus  Vi.  Field.  Noble  villas  crowa  the  adjacent  hills, 
and  surround  Stockbridge  Bowl. 

On  the  main  st.,  E.  of  the  hotel,  is  the  Jackson  Library,  a  neat  little 
stone  building  containing  8,000  volumes,  a  cabinet  of  minerals,  certain 
relics  of  Edwards,  and  a  marble  tablet,  on  which  are  insoril)ed  the  names 
of  134  officers  and  men  who  went  from  Stockbridge  to  the  Secession  War. 
On  the  street  diverging  from  the  Library  is  a  small  Catholic  Church  of 
marble.  Beyond  the  Library  is  the  old  Academy  with  a  long  semicircle 
of  elms  in  front,  a  copy,  in  living  trees,  of  the  stone  porticos  before  St. 
Vv.{iix\  Church  in  Rome.  Back  of  the  Academy  is  Laurel  Hill,  with  a 
tiirf  rostrum  in  a  glen  siirromided  by  trees  and  voc:ks.  Here  in  late 
August  of  each  year  meets  the  Laurel  Hill  Association,  devoted  to  pre- 
serving, protecting,  and  uicreasing  the  beauty  of  the  village  and  its  en- 
virons, On  the  heights  above  the  village  are  the  mansions  of  David  Dud- 
y  Field  (for  40  years  a  prominent  N.  Y.  lawyer  and  jurist),  H.  M. 
ii^^ll,  D.  D.  (author,  and  for  many  years  editor  of  the  "  Evangelist  "  ),  Ivi- 
« (the  publisher),  Prof.  Joy  (of  Columbia  College),  and  the  old  Mission 
ouse,  built  by  "tlie  Great  and  General  Court  of  His  Majesty's  Province 
Massaeliusetts  Bay  "  early  in  tlie  last  century.  The  view  from  tlu^se 
'tights,  especially  about  sunset,  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  in  nature 
t''Vas  pronounced  by  Dr.  McCosh  equal  to  any  in  Scotland),  embracing 
le  rich  valley  of  the  Housatonic  to  the  E.  and  W.,  with  the  valley  of 
oiikapot  River  stretching  away  in  the  S.  to  Mommient  Mt.,  Bear  Mt. 
ill;;  close  on  the  1.  and  the  tufted  Evergreen  Hill  dividing  the  valley. 

^^  great  iteople  crossed  deep  waters  from  a  far-distant  continent  in  the  N.  AV. 
'  luureheU  by  many  jiilgriinages  to  tlie  sea-shore  and  the  valley  of  the  iludsou. 


'i 


I 


%.-M 


THE  BERKSHIRE  HILLS. 


150     Routers.         *"-        -  .mattered  theni  and  ven 

Here  ^^  ^^^^^^^^  ^^^"^^^^ 

bekanews  ("  P^oPJ^  ^f^ESge.    This  tribe  ^v^s  evt^r  tnena  >^  l^^^^^f  ^\'7, 

ll,»ri<.h  was  named  »totKmi';>b'=  ^j^^gacluiit^so^  „^  nf  the  Old,  into  thfir 

dS """»«'  '""  ?';ru"e  New  Testament,  a..rt  I»rt  ot  «,«  u    . 

Se  ?ei  1840  moved  to  f  Jf  ^eS  can»ot  tell  Massachusetts  Ii.Ji^''^ 

„m,  700  »«'■"»'»•  "'"£to  concentrating  "'«';''!"=.«  •J„'^f  SassacUuscm,  ImJ 


Ji 


IB 


l?1 


ili:! 


CvriiJ 

au- 


K"Kg«"r  ' '^';£^^  „t  «,<■  .nsnrgent  eonteO-l- 

tlie  jurist ;  J-  S.  H'^y^.^l^Hope  Leslie."  &c.    Also  «  e  "^^ygi,^^,,^,  was  k 

^=ts;i:"Kr^:3£|ste2.rK^ 

^ords  and  by  his  intense  (",^8)   lea^ufe    J 

Freedom  of  ^he  vvu,       monuments.    Ihese,  » 

admirable  roads.    Ihis  is  a  u 


TPIE  BERKSHIHE  HILLS. 


.,    ,  ""•         Route  2 J      Til 

with  the  village  and  spire  of  CrH    -n 
The  best  way  istogo  ^fp  by  t Wo:  '^^  "^  trees  on  the  S 

-  the  1.  and  passing  around  its  li     nd\e  !      ''  '''  ^'"'"'^  ^^^^'^eenac 
through  Curtisville      'i  nn-„        ,,  ".       '  ^^^^vi\  on  a  road  W  nf  +1     r   , 

lime  ta™  caned  Lat/C^^  7  1"°  ""'"'  '-'""'^^^  "      "u^ul 

bat  rcnjembered  the  manv.so,„„Ii  "  ^'^^  """l  a  half  (1850    ^1 , 

1-  liv»i,  and  says  but  St    "  "  ?  ^^"^  ''"r.  *°«s  he  wal  "„; ^i 

nth  sunshine  as  with  wine-  aid  V,  ^  '  ""=""'  "'«'  »  ^^^t  basin  flnl, 
"■land  Bald  Mts  .  and  the  b  l  ""«'"  ■"■  ">''  ^-^"on^  on  M  "f^ 
wh.-.„„setwhich„a.a, Xe":^"^^^^^  <•»»  o'  TaeoJe^itMhe' 
t»  a Jl.Ue  marble  world. "  ""''  "*'"'=''=>•  »«*  m.part  themselve. 

Monument  Mt  is  3  -  4  \f  f 
roaa  is  followed  to  ihe  to'p  of  the  rlf 'tf ''"^°'-     '^^^^  «''«''^t  Barrington 

/r"-'--sZdiS-^-^^ 

^  *^-'  ^  t^ie  day  is  clear.  ^  "'®  CatskiUs  may  be  seen 

Conducts  voii  im  »v.  J"  "'^  "'^^h  n  nnfT, 

Steep  is  tl.e  wo^re^%rT  '"'«'«S,. 
Y'th  many  trees  ,inrt„-'  ^^H^y  "nrt  wild 
And  many  a  hauX^  K'^'^C^"  "f  flint?    ' 
Sheer  to  the  vale  ^  i„u?.?„  '^l"'"  the  east 
I'ujre  pillars  thH?  i'  n,id     ";?  ''"'•«  «>d  cliffs 

fef  e»{.'}«r-bei"e  'ca&  I'T"  "J''*^^^^^ 
"itn  the  thick  moss  ofnil^*     •"  "^'"^  aark 

f  .\v;„.,i     ''"«  "eur  the  Main  St    ami  f.L  ■'''  ^'^""^^  ''V  oroisinL  H,.    •'**''"y  ^^^ 

""trever  it  goes.    The 


'   j! 


:f  t'-l' 


fi. 


t 
,« 


m  I ! 


r   id 


I'  I 


I'lv 


THE  BERKSHIKE  HILLS. 


152     Route  23.  -^"^  Abrupt  and  i«nlau.J 

S-^a  «cU.    T„e  "-vto-j'^-  ;-;,,,,  „  Paris,,  tor  t  -* 

■"t  •  mrrHot!r  %..  •■  i»  one  0' *- ^.-->;;*  ^  ,„„„,,  , 


abounding  with  lakes         ^^^  nearly  2.0b0  ft.  w        ^.  ^  ^^  ^^  jr\%  vie"  fro™! 
^f  "ItJf  few   SiaSants^^^^i^,'  Sit     cock  thus  ^es.'n^-^  -,,i\:;  you  J 


THE  BERKSHIRE   HILLS. 


Route  es.    153 


^ 


,,-('uesls 
frout  of 

never  eiv 

e  to  Momi- 
In  tlie  vv 

,iniok\)ate 
-■Mlts.  atidSl*' 


Kml 


ont. 


>v\c^vft•'^"^' 


Abuii 


In  Egremont  occurred  the  last  engagement  In  Shays'  rebellion,  when  the  insur- 
gents, after  plundering  iStockbridge,  were  attacked  here  by  the  Great  Barrington 
milili.i,  and  40-r)0  were  killed  and  wounded. 

Bash- Blsh  Falls  (see  Salisbury,  Conn.)  are  about  10  M.  ft-omtheMt.  Everett 
Jlonse,  by  a  road  running  down  through  Mt.  Washington,  and  around  Cedar  Mt. 
The  views  of  Mt.  Everett,  Elk,  Lauder,  and  Cedar  Mts.  are  hne. 

6  M.  S.  of  Great  Barrington  is  Sheffield  (Miller     Hotel,  small),  "  full 

of  rural  simplicity  and  beauty,  richly  decorated  with  lovely  valley  and 

majestic  mountain  scenery."     It  is  a  quiet  village,  with  a  broad,  .shady 

street,  in  a  rich  intervale  of  the  Housatonic,  and  is  chiefly  noted  for  its 

marl  tie,  of  which  Girard  College  (Philadelphia),  with  its  Luge  coluams, 

was  built.      Picturesque  roads  run  S.  into  Salisbury,  aud  N.  W.  into 

Egivniont. 

Bishop  Janes,  of  the  Methodist  Church  ;  D.  D.  Barnard,  8  years  M.  C.  and 
Miiiist'i-  to  Prussia,  1849-53;  F.  A.  P.  Barnard,  President  of  Columbia  College 
sinre  lSu4  ;  H.  U.  and  T.  Sedgwick,  lawyers,  the  latter  of  whom  was  derided  for 
iiitro  lacing  a  bill  in  the  Legislature,  projecting  a  railroad  from  Bos  >  lo  Albany 
(lSi;7);  Cliester  Dewey,  D.  I).,  clergyman  and  botanist;  OrviUe  De\  /,  D.  D.,  the 
Unitarian  divine  ;  and  Judge  Daniel  Dewey,  —  were  natives  of  Sheffield. 

Northern  Berkshire 

is  approached  from  Pittsfield  by  the  Pittsfield  and  N.  Adams  Branch  R. 
R.  There  is  also  a  romantic  road  leading  through  the  western  valleys  and 
remote  from  the  R.  R. ,  passing  Pontoosuc  Lake,  and  then  through  the 
glens  between  the  Saddle-Back  Range  and  that  line  of  mts.  which  stretch 
from  Old  Tower  Hill  to  the  tall  peak  of  Berlin  Mt.  This  road  passes 
througli  the  villages  of  Lanesboro,  New  Ashford,  and  S.  Williamstown. 
Tiie  railroad  crosses  Lanesboro  (station,  Berkshire,  near  Pontoosuc  Lake), 
a  town  which  has  beds  of  snow-white  granular  quartz,  used  here  in  the 
manufacture  of  superior  cylinder-glass.  Varlogated  marble  also  abounds 
ikre,  witli  iron  and  limestone.  Savage  Mt.  and  Constitution  Hill  are  pic- 
uresque  and  far-viewing  heights.  H.  W.  Shaw  was  born  here  in  1813, 
ind  has  since  1863  attained  a  high  reputation  as  a  humorist,  under  the 
ame  of  "Josh  Billings."  The  line  here  enters  the  valley  of  the  Hoosac 
iver,  which  it  f  'lows  to  N.  Adams.  Cheshire  is  the  next  town,  in  a 
rtile  alluvial  vabey  surrounded  by  lofty  hills.  This  town  is  famous  for 
sdah'ies,  and  in  1802  its  people  sent  as  a  New  Year's  gift  to  President 
icfferson  a  mammoth  cheese  weighing  1,450  pounds.  Before  reaching 
leshire  Harbor  the  great  Saddle-Back  Range  begins,  on  the  W.,  about  2 
rom  the  track.  A  road  leads  from  Cheshire  Harbor  E.  into  Savoy, 
I'iMiiir.  town,  with  one  small  village  called  Savoy  Hollow  (Green  Mt. 
P'tse),  7  M.  from  Adams  (8(31  inhal.itants). 
Adams  (the  birthplace  of  Susan  B.  Anthony)  is  next  reached.  From 
Adains  a  new  and  picturesque  carriage-road  runs  to  the  top  of  the  ma- 
ic  Grevluck  Mt.  which  towers  over  the  valley.  This  is  the  highest  mt. 
ass,  and  tommaiuU  a  *view  '"immense,  and  of  amazi  g  grandeur." 


••-t 


'i-\ 


.'   II 


I 


,  l^'t 


^  iin  ii 


I 
ill 


'  Si 
.iii  i! 

I 


II 


154    JtoutemJ.  THE  BERKSHIRE  HILLS. 

llie  road  runs  W.  aiul  then  N.,  crossing  a  spur  of  the  mt.,  from  which 
pretty  views  of  the  valley  of  tlie  Hoosac  and  its  villages  are  gained.  De- 
scen«ling  now  over  a  very  rough  road,  the  Notch  (sometimes  called  the 
Bellows  Pipe,  from  the  gusts  which  draw  through  it)  is  entered.  The 
mt.  just  crossed  is  called  Alt.  Hawks.  At  Walden's  house  the  Notch 
road  is  left,  and  Mt.  Williams  is  rounded  on  its  N.  side,  then  the  clearing 
between  Mts.  Williams  and  Prospect  is  passed  ;  the  long  W.  slope  of  a 
ridge  is  ascended,  and  alter  a  southerly  walk  the  summit  is  attained.  A 
straighter  and  simpler,  though  less  picturesque,  way  is  right  up  the  S, 
slope  from  S.  Adams. 

The  summit  of  Greylock  is  jxirtially  cleared,  and  overlooks  the  valley  of  tlie 
Hoosac  on  tlie  N.  witli  its  villages,  aiul  the  peaks  of  tlie  Green  Mts.  beyond.  X. 
oi  E.  and  S.  of  E.,  nearly  GO  M.  away,  are  Mts.  Mouadnock  and  Wachusett :  due 
S.  \i.,  nearly  40  M.  distant,  are  Mts.  'lorn  and  Holyoke.  Southward  aretlic  inaiiy 
peaks  of  the  Berkshire  Hills,  bounded  by  Mt.  Everett,  with  Pittslield  and  its 
lakes,  and  other  villages  and  towns.  S.  W.  are  the  Catakills,  and  it  is  thouglit  that 
the  Mts.  in  the  N.  W.  are  those  which  environ  Lake  George.  Saddle  Mt.  and 
Saddle  Ball  are  close  to  Greylock,  and  respectively  N.  and  S.  The  paths  to  the 
sminnit  of  Greykxrk  are  difflcult  and  easily  lost,  and  the  excursion  will  reqnirea 
lony  day. 

N.  Adams  (*  Wilson  House,  expensive  and  first-class,  with  100  rooms, 
built  by  Wilson,  the  sewing-machine  inventor;  Bailuu  House)  is  a  pros- 
perous manufacturing  village,  on  the  Hoosac  River.  It  has  20  cotton  and 
woollen  mills,  and  various  other  industries,  employing  2,200  hands,  and 
turning  out  $4-5,000,000  worth  of  goods  a  year.  Some  neat  villas  and  a 
line  high-school  house  have  been  built,  also  a  soldiers'  monunic.it  and 
several  churches  (population,  12,000).  Adams,  on  the  S.,  has  G,000  in- 
habitants, and  large  mills  for  making  paper  and  cotton  and  woollen  goods. 

About  1  M.from  the  village  (to  the  E.)  is  the  Natural  Bridge,  on  Hudson's 
Brook,  where  the  waters  have  worn  a  i)assage  through  the  solid  rock  30  rods  long 
and  15  ft.  wide,  leaving  an  arch  of  stained  marble  above  it  at  a  height  of  liO-CO 
ft.  This  cavernous  passage  was  a  favorite  resort  of  Hawthorne,  who  spent  the 
summer  of  1S38  at  N.  Adams,  and  often  bathed  in  the  waters  of  the  brook.  "Tlie 
cave  makes  a  fresh  imi)ression  upon  me  every  time  I  visit  it,  —  so  deep,  so  irre^'iibr, 
60  gloomy,  so  stern  ;  part  of  its  walls  .the  pure  white  of  the  marble,  others  coveitii 
witli  a  gray  decomposition  and  with  spots  of  moss,  and  with  brake  growing' wliere 
there  is  a  handful  of  earth,  I  stand  and  look  into  its  depths  at  various  jioiiits, 
and  hear  the  roar  of  the  streiun  re-echoing  up.  It  is  like  a  heart  that  has  l*fii| 
rent  asunder  by  a  torrent  of  passion,  which  has  raged  and  foamed,  and  left  iiij 
inctlaceable  traces  ;  though  now  there  is  but  a  little  rill  of  feeling  at  the  bottom,' I 

The  I'ayrmJc  in  Notch  Brook  is  about  li  M.from  the  hotel,  and  has  a  fall  of;i'jft.j 
It  is  situated  in  a  pretty  glen. 

From  tlie  hill  E.   of  the  village  are  "  various  excellent  views  of  '"'•j 
scenery,  far  and  near,"  with  "  Greylock,  appearing,  with  its  two  suniniiti 
and  a  long  ridge  between,  like  a  huge  monster  crouchhig  down  sluniberj 
ing,  with  its  head  slightly  elevated."     Other  fine  prospects  are  gai" 
from  the  various  hills  which  surround  the  village. 

Main  St.  contains  several  good  commercial  buildings,  and  at  its  end  i 
a  grouj)  of  handsome  churches.     Numerous  Chinamen  are  engaged  in  ilj 


shoe-sliops  0 

flocks  of  nit 

stages  run  fi 

Heartweilvil] 

^eu-  Ashfora 

tliis  region  a,- 

Jiavi.ig  been  <h 

^'•''e  W.  end 

*he  tiuuinel  is 

3'""«  under  pro 

^' ''  i-i  M.  Jonc 

"'"^'  ^V.  and  S. ' 

route,  nearer  by 

°f  ^'^iv  gracJe. 

J"""^'',  in  Engla^ 

°"    «"b'  to  the  ^ 

;"''M'>ypovver.,h 

,  •    ^'"«  "'onnta. 
;'"•''•«  gi-eat  tronbl 

J*  ages  often  loa; 

f  *°  '^'e  E.  end  oi 
^^^^'iims,  the  ^v 
1  ''^.  «•  ^^-  and  til 
:^'f."^^^erniontto 
'  ^^^"'^y  visible   ani 

^''^'^"'  tile  hnihuL 

'*«neeven     r  *°  ^^a^ 
J^'">edo,;j'^"'.e  blue  0 

J""^'fin,e,  t£  "'e  rivoj 
?'^""'ot  n  ""^^  "'ere  ; 


HOO^^AC  TUNNKL. 


lioutc^S.     155 


rliieb 
De- 

\  tbe 

The 
lsotc\i 
leaving 
(6  of  a 
ed.    A- 

the  S. 

ey  of  ^^* 
'diM.  ^' 
.selt  •,  (\ii« 
;  tUc  many 
c\  aui\  i^^ 

Le  Ml.  ^f 
il\is  to  tV.c 

100  vooui?, 
)  13  a  pvos- 
I  cotton  and 

iviWasauila 
numc.it  and 
'us  G,000  in- 
,oUen  goo'i'' 
on  H«<ls™'9 

hcfUt  ^"         ,1,. 

vuof"!,s: 

,  vie^vs  of  A 
UtNVo«^^"n 
tdoNVU  ^^"T 
lets  are  fi'^^^^ 

Id  at  it.  ^^[ 

1  engaged  "'^1 


shoe-shops  of  this  town.  The  soil  of  Adams  is  rich  and  productive,  and 
flocks  of  merino  sheep  are  pastured  on  tlie  mountain-slopes.  Daily 
stages  run  from  N.  Adams  N.  E.  5  M.  to  Stamford,  Vt.,  and  11  M.  to 
Heartwellville  ;  also  S.  from  Williamstown  to  S.  Williamstown,  4  M.  ; 
New  Ashford,  8  M.  ;  and  Lanesboro,  J5  M.  The  mountain-towns  in 
this  region  are  full  of  picturesque  scenery,  but  are  mournfully  decadent, 
having  been  drained  by  Western  emigration. 

T!ie  W.  end  of  the  *Hoosac  Tunnel  is  1^  M.  S.  E.  of  N.  Adams,  and 
the  tnnnnel  is  now  traversed  by  trains.  This  stupendous  work  was  20 
yi'iii's  under  process  of  excavation,  and  cost  the  State  about  $  16,000,000. 
It  is  \'l  M.  long,  and  cuts  through  the  Hoosac  Mt.,  whose  vast  bulk  run- 
ning N.  and  S.  closed  the  way  until  the  tunnel  (in  1874)  opened  a  new 
route,  nearer  by  9  M.  than  any  other  between  Boston  and  the  West,  and 
of  easy  grade.  The  Nerthe  Tunnel  in  S.  P'rance,  and  the  Woodhead 
Tunnel,  in  England,  are  each  nearly  3  RI.  long  ;  an<l  the  lloosac  is  sec- 
ond only  to  the  Mt.-Cenis  Tunnel  (7i  M.  long).  The  cuttings  from  the 
cuds  (by  povver-drills  and  nitro-glycerine)  were  met  by  borings  on  grade 
from  the  bottom  of  a  great  shaft  sunk  between  the  peaks  of  the  Hoosac 
Mt.  The  mountain  is  mostly  of  mica  slate,  except  near  the  W.  end, 
where  great  trouble  was  given  by  a  soft  and  treacherous  i)uddiiig-stone 
throngh  which  a  tube  of  !)rick  900  ft.  long  was  built. 

Stages  often  leave  N.  Adams  for  the  passage  of  the  great  Hoosac 
Mt,  to  the  E.  end  of  the  tunnel  (8  M.).  After  a  long,  slow  ascent  by  zig- 
zag grailients,  the  W.  crest  of-  Hoosa'',  is  gained,  with  a  view  of  Grej'lock 
in  the  S.  \V.  and  the  broad  sweep  of  the  Taconic  Hills  from  the  parent 
range  in  Vermont  to  the  blue  and  cloudlike  southern  peaks.  S.  Adams 
is  plainly  visible,  and  the  valley  of  the  Hoosac  stretching  W.,  and  the 
broad,  central  valley  of  Berkshire  running  S.  Descending  the  slope  to  the 
plateau,  the  buildings  over  the  Central  Shaft  are  seen.  The  lofty  and 
JTinterworn  plateau  is  soon  crossed  and  the  E.  summit  is  climbed. 

A  noble  view  is  obtained  from  this  point,  above  the  romantic  porse  of  tlie 
IDeerfield  River  to  Wachusett  Mt.,   "and  bcvond  it  the  blue  and  indistinctive 
I  scene  extended  to  the  E.  and  N.  for  atlenst'oOM.     Beyond  the  hills  it  looked 
jalmost  as  if  the  blue  ocean  niiglit  be  seen.    Monadnock  was  visible,  iii^e  a  sap- 
Iphire  cloud  a:^ainst  the  sky.     The  scenery  on  tlie  E.  side  of  the  Groen  Mts.  is  in- 
Iciminrably  more  striking  than  on  the  W.  where  the  long  swells  and  ridges  luivc  a 
lutiievs  (if  effect.     But  on  the  eastern  i):irt,  peaks  1  -2,000  ft.  high  rush  u]>  on 
|eithei'  Icr.ik  of  the  river  in  ranges,  thrusting  out  their  shoulders  side  by  side. 
8^!iK'thiies  the  precipice  rises  v.'ilh  abruptness  from  the  immediate  side  o!"  the 
'i'er;  souu'tinies  there  is  a  valley  on  either  side;  cultivated  long  and  with  all 
pe sinouthuess  and  antique  rurallty  of  a  farm  near  cities,  this  gentle  i)ictiire  is 
pri;i4y  set  off  by  the  wild  mt.  frame  around  it.     I  have  never  driven  through 
I'l'^  romauiic  scenery,  where  there  was  such  variety  and  boldness  of  mt.  shapes 
',^'iis ;  iind  though  it  was  a  sunny  day,  the  nits,  iliversified  the  view  with  sun- 
toe  and  shadow,  and  glory  and  gloom."    (Hawthorne.) 

from  Ifoosrtc  Tunnel  station  (Rice's  Hotel),  E.  of  the  mt.,  daily  stages 
[""  10  M  N.  up  the  wild  and  lonely  Deertield  valley,  to  Beadsboro 
^((rfitld-ValUy  House),  in  Vt. 


i' 


'^ 


:  .■  <J 


! 

r* 


:-|: 


if   ! 


sn 


I'fe"     ■'■•■.- 


156     Routers.        THE   BERKSHIRE   HILLS.* 


i\ 


t 


;■.   1    ; 


i    I 


i 


About  1  M.  W.  of  N.  Adams,  and  beyond  the  small  fnctoiy  villag.;  of 
Braytonvillc,  the  road  to  Williamstown  crosses  tlio  railroad  and  the  Tloosac 
River.  Near  this  crossing  a  small  elm  is  seen  in  a  meadow  about  20  rods 
from  the  track.  Thirt  elm  stands  on  the  site  of  old  Fcrrt  Massachusetts, 
"the  Thermopylae  of  New  England."    (Evkrett.) 

This  was  built  in  1744  as  one  of  a  cordon  of  forts  to  protect  the  frontiers.  Fort 
Dumnier  KiJiirdcil  tlic  N.  route  lUnvn  tlic  I'onn.  valley,  and  this  fort  was  to  lildck 
ii|)  the  W.  route  tlirough  tlie  Hudson,  Hoosac,  and  Deertield  valleys.  In  17^0 
Col.  Williams  and  many  men  niarclied  hence  to  Albany  to  join  the  Army  tor  in- 
vading Canada,  but  meanwhile  the  enemy  had  made  a  flank  march,  and  the  Chtv- 
alier  de  Vaudreuil  attacked  the  fort  at  the  head  of  000  French  and  Indians.  Ser- 
geant Hawks  and  22  men  held  the  jdace  for  48  hours  against  this  overwlitlmini; 
force,  and  only  surrendeied  when  every  grain  of  powder  was  exhausted.  Tin' 
Franco-Indian  force  lost  47  men  before  the  fort. 

li  M.  from  its  railroad  station  is  W'Uiamstown  (Mansion  lf(msi\2(}0 
guests;  Kdiofjf]  House,  75  guests),  a  beautiful  village  situated  in  a  fertile 
valley  which  is  grandly  mountain-walled.  The  reason  of  Williamstown's 
being  is  Williams  College,  a  flourishing  institution,  with  20  instructors  and 
275  students.  ^Morgan  Hall,  the  largest  dormitory,  was  built  in  1881 
Clark  Hall  is  a  fine  new  Norman-arched  building,  of  granite.  Tlie  Cliapd 
contains  the  Garliekl  memorial  window,  by  Tiflaiiy  and  Lafarge,  and  a 
noble  window  commemorating  Prof.  Albert  Hopkins.  Jackson  Hall  has 
the  natural-history  collections  and  Indian  relics;  Lawrence  Hall  ((jctajro- 
ral),  the  library  (30,000  volumes),  portraits  of  college  professors  and  pa- 
trons, and  Nineveh  sculptures;  Goodrich  Hall  (a  fine  stone  structure),  the 
chemical  ro  ms.  Kellogg  Hall,  S.,  E.,  and  W.  Colleges,  the  ancient  vine- 
covered  observatory,  the  President's  antique  mansion,  alongside  the  Cong,  i 
Church ,'  should  be  noticed ;  also  the  monument  to  Williams-College  alumni  j 
who  died  in  the  civil  war. 

Col.  Ephraim  Williams,  the  foimder  of  Williams  College,  was  bom  at  N'ewton, 
Mass.,  in  1715.     He  was  lieut. -colonel  of  the  8th  Massachusetts  Reg.  at  tlie  si'^f, 
of  Louisbourg,  in  1715,  and  commjinded  the  trans-Connecticut  forts  from  UJSi' 
1755.     In  1755,  with  his  regiment,  he  joined  Gen.  Johnson's  army,  and  while  ai 
Albany  he  made  a  will  leaving  his  estate  for  tlie  erection  of  a  school  in  a  town  to 
be  located  W.   of  Fort  Mass.  to  be  called  Williamstown.     Shortly  al'ttr.  v'" 
marching  with  1,200  men  to  engage  Dicskau  near  Lake  George,  his  coinniir. 
was  ambushed  and  overpowered,  and  Col.  Williams  was  killed.     The  schinlv 
established  in  17yO,  in  a  brick  builtling  (the  iiresent  W.  College),  ami  was  t-l 
tered  as  Williams  College  in  1703.     Its  president-;  have  been  Di'.  E.  Fitch  (K:3 
1815),  Ur.  Z.  S.  Moore  (1815 -21),  Dr.  E.  D.  Grillin  (1821-3G),  Dr.  Mark  liopkii.^ 
(1830-72),  Dr.  Paul  A.  Cliadbourne,  and  t'lanklin  Carter. 


«'^'e  bathing 
alxnit  70P  a 
''":^--^  'lofei  a 

■'  '>'>ine  ail 
^^'-  ^^"/'/uns  ,, 
^  GreyiocJc,  th 

^^••'"•'<S  from  K 
f"<oft/,eGre, 

'yfyisast 

'  ""^  ^•■'^•onic  ra, 
I'  ^''«  liorlin,  i 


yallv 


"  *'"-'»-s  of  (;, 

,*•»"■"•  sir' 


Wiilia. 


mstoipa 


er  c'll 


Also   ]Vpm    TT„  I 

'?,  3r,j  If  .V  ^'stanF 
'  ^"^  Quebec,  .^1 

Near  W.  College  is  Mission  Park,  with  a  marble  shaft  surmoiuited  b;™!)  tlie  station    ^^^  ^\ 
globe,  which  indicates  the  pltice  where  S.amnel  J.  Mills,  "the  Fatlier i^a train  --  '  ^   ^^^ 
Foreign  Missions  in  America,"  and  his  companions,  consecrated  tlieiiistlvi 
to  the  mission-cause  (1807).     Mills  originated  the  A.  B.  C.  F.  M.,aiKitl 
American  Bible  Society,  and  died  at  sea  (after  exploring  Liberia  for  a 
for  a  colony  of  freedmen)  at  the  early  age  of  Sf). 

About  2  M.  N.  of  the  village  is  the  famous  Sand  Spring,  with  exti 


0.  !' '°'  'IJnner  (resl 

'".itioii  Chi  r 


U'ers. 


1 1         ./  "  tiim 


i,,  '^j  ana  s;-»nil 


ago.  o! 
;\oosac 
iO  rods 
husdls, 


rs.    fort 

to  A>V'>^''^ 

In  1740 

my  f"»;  '"• 
t\»e  '•.:^»«''- 


ians. 


Set- 


■vwlielmms 
in  a  {cvtile 


{av^c,  aiu\ » 
sou  U^^^^  ^^" 

sors  and  pa- 
ancient  viw- 

Ir.  ■Mark  l^l 


NEW   YOllK   TO   QUEBEC.        R>ute  21      157 

give  bathingf-houscfl.  The  abundant  waters  maintain  a  temperature  of 
alxiiit  70<^,  and  are  l)Pneli«.iul  in  iiitaneous  diseases.  *Greylock  Hall  is  a 
l;iri,M^  hotel  at  this  point,  (onimandinf:;  pleasant  valley  views. 

Willianistown  has  4  churehes,  and  its  main  street  is  IJ  M.  Ion;:;  and 
IG  kmIs  wide,  witli  trees,  lawns,  and  gravel  walks.  The  view  from  the 
c(ilk-e  is  grand,  and  includes  tiie  massive  Berlin  Mt.  (2,814  ft.)  on  the 
W.,  Dome  and  Kast  Mis.  on  the  N.,  Llarksburg  xMt.  on  tiie  N.  W.,  and 
Mt.  IliiiiUins  and  I'lospeet  Mt.  on  tlie  S.  E. 

Greylock,  the  highest  Mass.  mt.,  overlooks  the  valley  from  a  he'ght  of 
3,50o  It.  (see  page  lo^O-  Its  N.  peak,  Mt.  Williams,  is  reached  by  Slope 
Hawks,  from  Fort  Mass.  Slope  Norton  runs  up  to  Mt.  Prospect,  the  W  . 
peak  of  the  Greylock  range,  whose  chief  summit  is  Siimnids  Peak.  N.  of 
the  valley  is  a  stately  range,  crowned  by  the  Dome  (in  Vt.).  On  the  W. 
is  the  Taconie  range,  separating  Mass.  from  N.  Y.,  with  rougii  roads  eross- 
iiij,'  the  Berlin,  Petersburg,  Kidder,  and  Jonnson  Passes.  Jft.  Ilopkhht 
(•2,HK)  ft.  high),  between  the  Kidder  and  Perliii  Passes,  is  often  ascended 
for  its  views  of  Greylock  and  the  Green  Mts.,  and  the  lloosac  and  Hndsoii 
valleys  (ascend  to  the  S.  1  M.  from  Berlin  road,  5  iM.  from  Willianistown). 
The  wildest  scenery  of  Massachusetts  is  in  and  around  the  IIop|)er,  a 
fiorge  surrounded  by  a  vast  amphitheatre  of  mts.  (Bald,  Prospect,  (jirey- 
luek,  &e.),  striped  with  cascades.  It  is  entered  by  a  wood-road  from  the 
highway,  4  M.  S.  The  Oblong  Pioad,  the  Torrey- Woods  Road  the  Green- 
Uiver  Pioad,  the  road  to  Pownal  Pond,  arc  among  the  pleasant  drives  of 
the  town.  10  M.  from  the  village  is  the  Snow  Glen.  In  Flora's  Glen 
Brvant  composed  "Thanatf  psis,"  when  an  18-year-old  student.    , 

S.  Williamstowu  (Sabiu  I/uuse),  5  .M.  S.,  midway  between  Greylock 

,and  IJeilin  Mt.,  is  a  beautiful  rural  hamlet,  the  seat  of  the  famous  Grey- 

jkk  Institute  (boys'  school;  founded  1842). 

The  Troy  and  Boston  R.  R.  runs  to  Troy,  in  New  York,  44  M.  from  "beautiful 
iWiUiamstowu  on  her  classic  licights." 

24.  New  York  to  Quebec 

Also  Now  Haven,  Hartford,  and  Springfield  to  Montreal,  Quebec,  and  the 
"■anconia  Mts.  Distances,  New  York  to  Quebec,  526  M.  ;  to  Lake  Memplirenia- 
,%',  3(15  M.  ;  New  Haven  to  Quebec,  4i3  M.  ;  Hartford  to  Quebec,  417  M.  ; 
Ipringlield  to  Quebec,  391  M  ;  Springlield  to  Lake  Meniphreniagoy,  229  M. 


Ivatedtliem-; 


\ring, 


The  line  between  New  York  and  Springfield  is  described  in  Route  21. 
[n  the  station  at  Springfield  the  traveller  leaves  the  Naw  Y'ork  and  Bos- 
a  train,  and  gets  into  the  cars  of  the  Conn.  River  R.  E.    Time  is  usually 
owed  tor  dinner  (restaurant  in  station  ;  Massasoit  House,  close  by). 
Station,  Ckicopee  {Cabot  House),  at  the  confluence  of  the  Chicopee 
1  Conn.  Rivers,  with  12,000  inhabitants  and  a  handsome  town-hall, 
Miiwl  by  a  turreted  clock-tower  150  ft.  high.     Here  are  the  Dwight 
■with  ext^'s and  other  cotton-mills,  with  140,000  spindles  and  1,600  operatives, 
len-mills,  and  smaller  factories  of  various  kinds.     The  Ames  Manu- 
itiiiing  Co.  employs  4 -500  men  in  making  machinery,  brass  cannon, 
swords,   and   bronze   statuary.      The  equestrian   statue   of   Wash- 


'm 


'-?'■ 

u 


\ 


•id 


I       'I 


■MM 


mmmmjim 


111'.; 


1 


•Mi 


II  !l 


11 


158    RimteSl         NEW   YORK  TO  QUEBEC. 

ington,  at  Boston,  many  soldiers'  monuments,  and  the  superb  l.ronze 
doors  of  the  Senate  at  Wasliington  were  cast  here.  The  doors  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  were  cast  at  Munich,  and  those  of  the  Senate 
•were  to  have  been  made  there,  but  the  over-prudent  Bavarians  demaiided 
prepayment  from  the  U.  S.  Government  (it  was  the  darkest  year  of  the 
Secession  War).  With  a  jiroper  spirit  this  was  refused,  and  the  work 
was  given  to  tlie  Cliicopee  Foundry,  though  but  little  was  hoped  from  it. 
To  the  surprise  of  all,  the  doors  were  finished  admirably,  and  challenge 
comparison  with  the  best  of  Munich  work.  During  the  Rebellion,  this 
foundry  was  worked  night  and  day,  and  supplied  the  Republic  with  vast 
amounts  of  shot  and  shell,  and  over  1,000  camion. 

At  Chicopee  Falls,  2  M.  E.,  are  cotton-mills  employing  1,000  hands, 
besides  large  factories  which  make  farmers'  tools. 

Station,  WUlimansett,  about  2  M.  above  which  is  the  manufacturing 
village  of  S.-IIadley  Falls  (small  hotel),  opposite  Holyoke  and  endowtil 
with  a  great  water-power.     Much  of  the  intervale  land  here  and  in 
the  adjacent  town  of  Hadley  is  used  for  the  cultivation  of  tobacco,  a 
profitable    crop.      After    leaving    Willimansett,    the    line    crosses  the 
broad  Connecticut  and  stops  at  Holyoke  {*  Windsor  Hotel;    Scimoset 
House).    This  is  a  rapidly  growing  manufacturing  city  of  ^0,000  inhab- 
itants, at  Iladley  Falls,  wliicli  fiiriii»|j  the  greatest  water-power  in  New 
England.    Timothy  Dwiglit  speaks  of  "the  fantastic  beauty,  and  sublime 
majesty  of  lliese  Falls.     Within  li  M.  the  river  falls  00  ft.,  and  opposiie 
the  city  a  dam  has  been  built  30  ft.  high  and  over  l.ODO  ft.  long,  throwin:,' 
the  water  into  a  canal  system  3  M.  in  aggregate  length,  which  can  furnish 
power  enough  to  drive  l,000,00i)  spindles.    The  original  dam  of  1847  was 
burst  away  before  the  water  had  lilled  it,  and  the  present  one  (18^!))  lun- 
tains  C,0()0,000  ft.  of  lumber,  spiked  to  the  ledges  on  the  bottom  of  tlie 
river,  and  plated  with  boiler-iron.     The  leading  product  of  Ilolyoia-  is 
paper,  made  by  3,500  men  in  26  factories  (178  tons  of  paper  are  mail? 
daily).    Holyoke  is  the  chief  paper-making  city  of  the  world.    Tliireiiri; 
2,800  operatives  in  the  cotton-mills,  800  make  thread,  450  make  kavtrj 
and  cassimeres,  500  work  on  .nachinery,  and  others  make  alpacas,  wire, 
cutlery,  rubber,  screws,  silks,  &c. 

Holyoke  is  surrounded  on  three  sides  by  the  river,  and  has  broad  and  I 

pleasant  streets,  with  13  churches,  4  national  and  3  savings  banks,  ii  daiH 

paper,  and  a  public   library.     The    handsome    new   *City    Hall  cwlj 

$340,000,  and  is  of  rough-split  granite,  with  a  tower  215  ft.  \ug\h  fH'l 

taining  a  memorial  room  with  a  richly  stained  w  indow.     The  larj^o  imiefl 

hall  seats  1,300,  and  has  elaborate  stained  windows.    The  Soldiers'  Mouii-j 

nient  is  a  statue  of  the  Goddess  of  Liberty  holding  a  laurel  wreath. 

Mt.  St.  Vincent  (formerly  Inglesidp),  the  Sisters  of  Charity  orplianazp,  A 
beautifully  situated  Mid  attracts  many  visitors.  Mt.  Nonotuck  (Eyrie  Houfti 
is  a  notable  view-point  (see  page  160). 


TJh'  railrof 

fnU  has  been 

to  prevent  th 

After  Jeavi,; 

ranpoofj/^;.  / 

'''^'e  train  now 

'lerst  and  Alt 

Hrh  valley,  ^j 

^"e  iin,.  crosses 

''^^*>.  ^v'len  a  ru 

cro.s,i„g  the   ri( 

Northampton. 

;-^  4h;;hC; 

.^''^^^^"^Pton 
■oiinecticut."     ^„  " 

'"siiciii  tr  is  fi,    I 
rf«"'nsWh"?^'^epa 


roT\7.e 

senate 
\aiu\c<l 
of  the 
e  work 
from  it. 

ion,  t\ii^ 
nW\  vast 

lO  hands, 

afactuvins 

ve  aii>^  i" 
tobacco,  a 


ivosses 


the 


vvev  ii^  ^*^* 
land  sublime 

and  oi.V<'5i>« 
ijr,  tiivowiu;; 
,"  an  furni^l' 

e  (18V.I)  <•""• 
otto\u  o{  tlie 
{  lli)lvol«i* 


alpaca* 


wiv, 


NEW  YOllK  TO  QUEIJEC.         /{juteZl     loO 

The  railroad  passes  out  in  full  view  of  the  great  dam,  whose  fine  water- 
fall has  heen  removed  by  the  necessity  of  liuildiiig  out  an  inclined  plane, 
to  prevent  the  eating  out  of  the  ledges  by  the  heavy  perpendiciilar  fall. 

After  leaving  Holyoke  the  line  runs  N.  between  the  river  and  the  long 
rango  of  ML  Tom  (on  the  1.),  while  Mt.  Ilobjnke  is  seen  ahead  on  the  r. 
The  train  now  passes  througli  the  gap  between  these  two  mts.,  and  Am- 
herst and  Mt.  Warner  are  visible  on  the  r.  front,  leagues  uway  over  the 
rich  valley,  while  Easthanipton  and  Ponieroy's  Mt.  are  seen  on  the  1. 
The  line  crosses  the  river  to  Ox  Bow  Island,  which  was  a  peninsula  until 
ISiO,  when  a  rush  of  tii^i  swollen  river  ci*  through  its  isthmus.  After 
crossing  the  rich  intervales  bordering  on  the  river,  the  train  enters 
Northampton. 

Nonotuek  was  bought  of  its  I.idian  owners,  in  1653,  for  100 1'athf  nis  of  wampum, 
lflc(tats,  &e„  and  was  named  NoHlianipton,  since  many  of  its  settlers  came  from 
that  i:ii!,'lish  town.  Solomon  StoOilard  was  for  56  years  pastor  here,  and  was  a 
man  of  f,'rave  and  majestic  appeurarce.  He  rode  once  thron},'h  an  amt)ush  in  ttio 
fircht,  and  wlicn  tlie  French  solJie'«  were  about  to  shoot  him,  the  awe-struclv  In- 
dians stnpi)ed  them,  saying,  "That  is  the  Ent,'lishmeu'3  God."  Tlie  villaf^e  was 
surroiuiiled  l)y  a  palisade  and  wall,  which,  however,  was  stormed  in  three  places 
by  Kin;;  Pliilii)'3  Indians  (167(!).  Tlneo  veteran  companies  were  delendinj,'  the 
Iiiace,  and  after  a  desperate  conflict  in  the  streets  the  assailants  were  driven  out. 
The  i'liiir''li  was  built  in  165.5,  at  a  cost  of  £  14,  and  was  2()  ft.  by  18.  Tlie  present 
ctonpiiiinTh  is  the  fifth  on  that  site.  The  Christians  were  called  to  meeting  by 
the  blasts  of  a  trumpet : 


"Ench  innn  equipped  on  Sunday  morn. 
With  psalm-book,  shot,  oud  powder-horn, 


And  looked  in  form,  as  nil  rniiH*  pmnt. 
Like  th  anuicut  true  church  militant." 


McFlNOAL. 


Ihas  broad  »nM 

LuU^^  •'  ^'^A 
Uy   Hall  cu^tl 

ft.  bii;^.>,  ^'*' 
rue  larsio  i«"^1 

oblicvs'  MO.H 
[wreath. 


^Ky"'^' 


Hon" 


In  tlif  old  cemetery  are  buried  4  Senators  of  tlie  United  States,  —  Ashmun,  I^Iills, 

I  Bates,  and  Strong,  the  latter  of  whom  was  for  11  years  Gov.  of  Mass.,  and.  oi)pos- 

in,'tlie  War  of  1812,  limited  the  exertions  of  the  State  to  her  own  defence.     Here 

alsojs  buried  David  Brainerd,  a  heroic  and  jmwerful  missionnry  to  the  Indians, 

author nf  "  Mirabilia  Dei  ajiud  Indicos,"  and  son-in-law  of  Jonathan  Edwards. 

U'lwards  was  pn.storhere,  17"27-50,  and  "was  dismissed  for  insisting  on  a  higher 

land  purer  standard  of  admission  to  the  communion  tJible."    The  Dwights,  Aliens, 

[andTapi)ans  were  Northampton  families  prolific  in  able  men,  and  W.  D.  Wliit- 

|Hey,  the  leading  American  philologist  (one  of  the  finest  Sanscrit  scholars  in  the 

|Wurld)  was  born  here  in  1827. 

Northampton  (Mansion  House)  "  is    the  frontis])icce 

[if  the  book  of  beauty  which  Nature  opens  wide  in  the  valley  oft  lu) 
ponnecticut."  An  English  tourist  (Stuart,  in  1833)  calls  it  "the 
Host  beautiful  village  in  America."  Its  broad  and  shaded  streets  and 
[andsome  villas  are  placed  in  a  rich  tract  of  broad  intervale  and  about  1 

•  from  the  river.  There  are  a  number  of  stores  and  public  buildings  on 
[ifi  broad  street  near  the  spacious  and  comfortable  Mansion  House,  and 

'this  vicinity  is  the  brown.stone  building  occupied  by  the  Trustees  of  the 
l»ith  Charities. 

["liver  Smith,  of  Hatfield,  died  in  IS'15,  leaving  i?  .370,000  for  charitable  objects. 
P'fyiiutlis  and  maidens  and  widows  of  the  eight  adjacent  towns  receive,  under 
rmi  conditions,  loans,  dowries,  and  small  pensions  from  this  fund.  By  skill- 
>iiianagement  on  the  part  of  the  Trustees  (who  are  chosen  by  electors  from  the 
pt  towns),  the  funds  had  increased  by  1866  to  $854,000,  and  by  the  terms  of 


Ruule  24' 


MOUNT   HOLYOKE. 


I.  >r 


itf 


ill 

'H    !i 

li  i^' 

ii 
ll 


Mr.  SmithN  will,  a  part  of  thin  in  to  bi*  doToted  to  tbo  establlatiment  of  an  agrirul 
tural  fiihuul  in  tiiiH  town  in  tliu  yuar  l!)06. 

^tinith  Collece  ix  at  Nortiiumpton,  and  waM  endowed  in  1871  by  Misx  Sophjn 
Smitli,  tor  the  higlicr  eductitioii  ot  wouiod.  Its  |iro|)c>ty  is  viiltied  at  liT/iiiiMj. 
T>ie  iii.'iiii  biiiliiiii)^  is  Hurrouniled  by  tlie  iiotiHcs  ut'  tlie  >tudciits,  Miixic  llail,  tim 
Uyuiim>iuiii,  &i'.  Tliu  ilillyer  Art  (iiiUery  coiititius  iniiiiy  iiitiiiKtiiix  |>iiiiiCiti^'Haii<l 
cuHts,  unit  a  number  of  ntuilio.s  The  liiinilHoine  Htculir-Oiitliic  buildings  tiic  ii<l' 
niirably  placed,  on  a  iiill,  beliiml  a  fringe  of  eIniH.  'i'lieru  are  2(K)  tttudentit  unj  lo 
iu^<truc■to^H      Two  large  pubiii!  lilmiritrt  are  near  by. 

On  tlie  beautiful  and  tar-viewing  Hound  Hill,  W.  of  tlio  city,  among  noble  ^rovH 
and  lawnfl,  xtaiid  tiie  buildings  long  occupied  by  tlie  celebrated  clasHical  scliuol, 
tlie  Ma88ucliu setts  Eton,  founded  in  182'}  l)y  Oeorge  Uancroft,  tlie  liifttotiiin,  anil 
J.  O.  Coggswell,  tlie  antiior.  Tli9  views  tlienru  are  very  extensive  and  pltirin.' 
On  tlie  ttauio  liill  is  the  Clarke  In.sfitution/or  Muten  (endowed  witli  S  auO.iHiDi, 
wliicli  teaclies  tlie  system  of  arti(  ulutiou  iu  place  of  tlie  ^ign  alphabet.  It  acruni' 
niodates  80-90  persons.  1  M.  8.  \V.  of  the  city  is  the  *  ^tate  Lunatic  Asuhm, 
with  imposing  buildings  which  accommodate  35U  patients.  These  buildinjjs  ure 
512  ft.  long,  and  liave  4  acres  of  floors. 

Northampton  became  a  city  iu  1883.  It  has  about  13,(K)0  inhabitants,  an  1 1 
valuation  of  *  8,000,000.  Its  manufactures  amount  to  J8 3,000,000  a  year,  luipiov- 
tng  1,G00  persons. 

Florence  is  21  M.  W.  of  the  city,  and  Is  the  seat  of  several  fictories,  the  chief 
of  which  is  the  Nonotuck  Siik  Co  ,  employing  500  liands. 

Guslien  (Ilifjhland  House  ;  Lyman's)  is  a  summer-l'requeuted  hill-town, CM. 
by  daily  stage  from  Williamsburg. 

Mt.  Nonotuck,  tlic  K.  peak  of  the  Mt.  Tom  range,  is  ascended  from  Mt  -Tnin 
station  by  a  road  and  path,  and  has  the  Eyrie  House  (25  cts.  entrance)  ou  its  fir- 
viewing  summit.  A  steam-ferry  crosses  the  Connecticut  from  Mt.  Tom  to  Mt 
Ilolyoke. 

*Mt.  Holyoke,  "the  pfem  of  Mass.  mts.,"  is  2  M.  S.  E   of  Xorili- 
ampton.    A  carriage-road  winds  up  from  the  furry  to  the  mountain  rail- 
way, up  whicli  passengers  are  drawn  in  small  cars  by  a  stationary  enciii* 
(SI  up  and  down  ;  50  cts.  to  walli).    Upon  the  summit  a  pmall  In'tol  w 
built  in  1821,  whose  site  is  now  9ccupied  by  the  Prospect  Hoiise.    3  -4.0') 
persons  ascend  tlie  mt.  every  season.     The  carriage  road  is  \  M.  Ion;,',  an^ 
the  railway,  in  its  600  ft.  of  incline,  rises  305  ft.  perpendicular.    r»it»rfi 
the  building  of  the  railway  in  1854  and  its  remodelling  in  18GG,  \i''M 
persons  ascended  on  it.    The  summit  is  1,120  ft.  above  the  sea,  and  SHIU 
above  the  river,  and  is  part  of  a  greenstone  ridge  running  from  West  I 
at  New  Haven  to  Belchertown.     The  invincible  trnp-rock  of  tiie  nuiiil 
resisted  the  glaciers  during  their  long  grinding  attacks,  but  the  great  m 
which,  according  to  Indian  tradition,  filled  the  basin  to  the  N..  at  I^ 
broke  awa}'  between  Nonotuck  and  Ilolyoke,  and  became  a  river 
em  IMass.  is  under 
coarse,  new  red  san 
systems 

From  this  peak  is  "the  richest  *  *view  in  New  England,  if  not  i" 
IT.  S." 


,  ^n  the  8. 

""'I'M/tic..,  r^f 

{!'"  '-vine  Mu 

!"'  -^'U'lr  /.„af 
,V""".v  <m  \u  " 

"  •^"/'"•'•st  witu 
^'  ""'''ir  til,.  „i 

'  ,;•/  "■^«-''  nl'ov 

I, '"'■'",'■•• '^'""1 


r;' "'"">' '"i^^ 

■'V'"""'i'd  in  is', 

'■•■lies. 


""■  HI, 


^;^'   «aeco,npii„, 

?''"■ '^'"J  the  i„ 

[„.^';-'""l  IS  calJed 
•'"^1  Ea.st  8J 
^"  t'ie  nieaci 

t  "'  ''■'"»  fhe  Wo. 
''-'"".encedinjH 


Urn,  ,j 

P  f"'OOJl|.c 


rlaid  with  gneiss,  but  the  Conn,  valley  has  a  '"'''' W^%iin;,f'';!iJ;Jl''.'-     In 
ndstone  lO^lG  M.  wide,  of  the  Permian  and  TriiU=B'J'i*,*^^'' /'ir  j's  S?^  * 


'«"  tliiC-  '"^^  "fter  til 


in  America. 


It  has  often  been  called,  by  distinguished  visitors,  the  finest  viMi,t_  the  En^'r-^'f '  *'''e  t 


I  most 


gave  wl 


^"^'-able  and 


BgrtcuV 

lliiH,  iu« 

td  iiud  I'' 
,blc  proves 

\c  /I. <!;'"'"• 

,rk'S,  t\'«  ^^'^ 

.ancc)ouit*^^ 
,t.  Tom  to  Ml 

B  of  ^'"T''^:; 

mountain  i-a''-, 
ilionai)  *"- 

ioMse.    'J        .\ 

{vom^V^-^^'1 
ut  the  p-eat  i 

.(an  and  '^^^^ 


i\K\V  YOKK  TO  QUKBEC.  Jimtle 'ly      \C.\ 

Oil  tho  8.  are  Been  numerous  vlllaRos  In  the  vnlley,  SprliiKfleM,  tJi«  pr:i"''rnl 
siiiiimitii'^  of  the  broad  river,  tlio  distiut  spires  of  llartfortl  (lo  M.),  the  Itiim  atui 
till'  I, Vint!  MtH.,  iuhI  K:iHt  iiml  Wi-st  ItocUs  iit  Ncsv  Hnvcii  (70  M.).  IS.  W.,  ImvuihI 
Mt.  i  '111,  art<  niiiiipsfs  of  tiie  valli-y  oC  Westll.ld  ltivi«r,  ami  oil  llic  W.  I'diii- 
piiy's  Mt.  and  tiie  liit,'li  hills  of  llanipsliire  and  »  antral  Hfrksliin?  are  hcimi.  N. 
W  aiv  s.oili)  acri'M  of  Kanlendike  nuMilnws,  witi'  Norlliainptini  directly  over  tlicni, 
ail  1  iiliiive  tlie  vill  i,'0.  ■♦'-  M.  away,  is  Ureylock.  "  in  dim  and  misty  grandeur." 
I'litli"!' t'l  tho  r.  tlic  hills  (it"  Franklin  Cminty  are  seen,  dmninat'd  i)y  Mts  Toby 
Hill  f^'U'ir  Loaf,  while  in  the  tar  N.  the  \dne  peaks  of  tlie  (ireeii  Mis.  overlnok  nil. 
The  mvit  l.icustrine  b.isiii  of  the  t'oim.,  'JO  M.  by  1.'),  is  nearer,  in  tlie  N.,  with  lair 
Hulli'von  its  "idaided  meadows,"  in  a  bend  of  the  river,  and  H.itlield  Just  neross 
tlii<  iiwr  ,ind  intervales,  under  the  shadow  of  Mt.  Warner  (to  the  r.).  0  M.  \.  K. 
IS  .ViiiliiTst  with  its  eolle','iM,  ami  beyond,  "far  in  the  N.  Iv,  rises  in  insulated 
-.  iii'liiir  the  (doud-eappeil  Monadnoek  "  (."d)  M  ).  In  the  10.  Mt.  Waidmsett  (:!.'>  M. 
aw.iy)  rises  nbovo  the  erowd  of  hills  which  till  tho  E.  mid  S.  E.  liS  towns  uro 
spcii  I'll  111)  this  lofty  peak,  with  parts  of  4  States. 

ihi'ie  are  good  views  from  other  peaks  of  tht^  Ilidyoke  R  iii'^'e  (which  is  0  M. 
Imu'),  and  at  its  W.  onJ  aro  h)ftyeliirs  of  columnar  liasalt  wliicli  have  l)een  named 
the  Titair.s  I'iers. 

The  lainous  Mount  Ilolyoke  Srmliiary  is  nt  S.  Iladley,  wliieh  is  reaehcd 
liy  ilaily  studies  in  4  M.  from  S.  iladley  I'alls,  (ipjiusite  Ilolyoke.  It  is  a  eolle^'i- 
,it(' sclinol  for  ;.;irls,  with  a  4-years'  eiuiise  and  series  of  lectures;  and  has  jire- 
IKiiiil  iiiaiiy  mi.ssionary-w<imeii  fiir  their  lalxos  in  heatliemhun.  The  Hemiiiaiy 
was  t'liiiiided  in  IS.'JK,  by  Mary  Lyon  ;  and  has  1)0  instniettirs  and  about  2(iO  stii- 
ili'iit.s.  ''he  main  buildin;;  is  smroiinded  by  trees,  and  commands  a  beantifiil 
view  (if  the  K"'n''  betwj-en  Mts.  Tom  and  II<ilyoke,  and  the  N<nthainpton  inter- 
v:ili's.  The  liltrary  is  in  a  new  lire-jiroof  bnildiii",'.  The  Seminary  is  aLso  ai>- 
[H-iailicd  iroin  Nortliami)ton,  by  way  of  Smith's  P'erry. 

Old  Hadleyis2i  M.  N.  E.  of  Nortliainpton,  over  tho  river,  ami  lies  on 
the  E.  of  a  rich  and  level  intervale,  coiitaiuiiig  2  -  y,0(jO  acres,  which  is  an- 
muilly  overrtowed  by  tlie  river.  The  Connecticut  here  makes  a  curve  of 
5  M.  to  accomplish  1  M.  of  ilirec.t  course,  and  the  neck  of  the  peninsula  is 
trossiid  by  tlie  street  of  IJadley.  West  Street  w;is  laid  out  before  tho 
settlement  as  1  M,  long  and  20  rods  wide,  but  by  tho  eiu'roaclinients  of 
tlie  river  and  the  inhabitants,  it  has  been  reduced  to  a  length  of  300  rods 
ami  a  width  of  about  1(5  rods.  Tiiis  wide,  park-like  *  street  is  adorned 
iwitli  about  900  ancient  elm-trees,  4  lines  of  whicii  stretch  from  river  to 
river,  and  is  called  "  the  handsomest  street  by  nature  in  New  England." 
[Mi'ltlle  and  East  Sts.  are  also  wide  and  shaded  avenues,  running  N, 
lands.  On  the  meadows  near  this  cliarmiiig  rural  village  great  quantities 
jof  brooin-corn  are  raised,  wliicli,  with  much  of  the  same  m.aterial  im- 
Ip'riiil  t'ldin  the  West,  is  made  into  brooms  and  brushes.     Tills  industry 

*ai  ceininenced  in  171)0.     Tlie  liotel  is  the  Kliawoud  IInuso. 

InKi'jO,  tierce  theolo^^ieal  discussions  were  carried  oji  at  Hartford,  and  many  of 

iwealtliiiT  families  left  tlie  iilace  in  sean-li  <if  jieaee  and  good-will,  and  settled 

itlie  liiiliaii  domain  oT  Norwottock,  wliiidi  they  named  in  honor  of  Hadleigh,  in 

luii'ilk,  Kii;.^land.      In  lOlH  (iotte   ami  Whalley,  two  generals  of  tlie  Army  of 

pliamout,  and  judges  of  the  court  which  put  King  Charles  I.  to  death,  eamo  here 

V  lived  I'lir  15  years  concealed  ill  the  pastor's  lioiise.    They  had   been  forced  to 

t  fur  their  lives  after  the  Restoration,  and  after  li^^  years  of  hiding  aliout  New 

livuu  th(.y  came  to  Uadley.     Their  prujeneo  here  was  only  known  of  by  three 

I>*ii3.    On  Sept.  1,  1673,  while  the  people  were  assembled  in  tlie  church,  in 

piiiigaml  prayer,  tlie  town  was  attacked  by  swarms  of  Indians.     After  a  sharp 

ikt,  the  English  gave  way,  when  Gen.  GoflTe,  "an  ancient  man  with  hoary  locks, 

1  a  most  venerable  and  dignified  aspect,"  appeared  suddenly,  commanded  and 


il 


M' 


tuM 


102     Route  24.  NEW  YORK  TO  QUEBEC. 


i\    ip 


ill  1 


led  a  fresh  attack  by  the  people,  and  scattered  the  dismayed  Indians  in  all  dirpc- 
tions.     He  then  disappeared  to  his  hiding-place,  and  the  astonished  villagers,  for 
many  years,  attributtMJ  their  deliver;ince  U>  the  visit  of  a  militant  angel.    Gen. 
Wlialley  Uied  here  in  Itjli).     Tlie  rorejjoing  is  the  chief  iocii  legend. 

In  iijiG  70)  luiliaiis  attaciied  tlie  lowiijuht  after  the  Fulls  Fight,  but  after  a 
lon,'.;;iiul  'DJiter  stra:^'yle  tlu\v  were  ruiiellcd  with  severe  losses. 

F.  I).  Huntington,  Episcopiii  Bislioj)  of  Central  Ni'w  York,  was  a  native  of  tliis 
village.  Joseph  Hooker,  "  Fighting  Joe,"  was  born  at  lladley  in  1815.  Hi:  wms 
distinguished  at  the  battles  of  Monterey  and  Cliapultepec,  in  the  Mexican  V.:ir, 
and  bore  high  coiinuands  during  tlie  .Secession  War.  At  Antietani,  hecomiiiuiidti 
the  r.  of  tlie  army,  and  afterward.^,  at  the  head  of  the  Army  of  the  Potoniuc.  lie 
was  defeated  in  a  hnig  and  terrible  battle  at  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  losing  Ki.ooi) 
men.  In  1S0;5  -  4  he  did  brilliant  service  in  the  battles  resultant  on  tlic  reocca- 
pation  of  Georgia  and  Alabama  by  the  National  armies. 

EasthnmploiL  (see  page  110)  is  4  M.  S.  W.  of  Northampton.  Amherst  (see  imLc 
100)  is  Ti  M.  N.  G.  (daily  stages)  by  a  road  which  crosses  the  river  on  a  brlil-c 
1,080  ft.  long,  and  pjuses  through  Old  Uadley. 

Hatfield  (IlUJirld  Ilmse)  is  a  beautiful  and  historic  village  li  M.  N, 

of  Harlley,  and  '2J  M.  E.  of  Hatfield  station  (stages  from  trains).     It  lias 

about  1,200  iiilialntants,  and  is  famous  for  its  fat  cattle  and  toliacco- 

crops.     The  village  is  on  the  rich  Connecticut  intervales,  with  Horse  .Mt. 

on  the  W. ;  and  is  connected  with  A''.  lladley  (under  Mt.  Warner)  In'  a 

ferr\'.     Ilatlicld  is  on  the  W.  side  of  the  river,  and  Ilaclley  on  the  K. 

In  107'>  fhiflielil  w;is  attacked  by  800  Indians,  but  the  veteran  comiuiiios  <■{ 
Moseley  and  ri!<(?  fougiit  desjieiately  amid  the  burning  houses,  find  lidil  ciir  til! 
relief  came.  In  l(i7f>,  CO)  Indians  made  a  bidd  and  disastrous  attack;  ami  in 
1677  the  palisade  was  stormed  and  2G  jtersons  were  killed  and  captured. 

After  leaving  Northampton,  the  Conn.  River  Railroad  passes  near  the 
Gi'eat  Bend  of  the  Conn,  in  sight  of  Old  lladley  (to  the  r. ),  then  diverges 
from  the  river,  which  is  not  seen  again  for  30  M.  Station ,  IlatJlehL  1"?- 
yond  which  the  track  runs  near  the  base-line  of  the  State  Trigonoiuptripil 
Survey  (39,009.73  ft.  long),  which  is  laid  along  the  plains  of  Hattield  ami 
Whately  (on  the  1.).  Stations,  N.  Hatfield  and  Whatcly  (Wliatelv 
House),  whose  village  is  seen  in  the  W.  Beyond  the  village  is  the  far- 
viewing  Mt.  Esther,  and  the  picturesque  Whately  Glen,  with  its  cascades, 

The  train  passes  Sugar  Loaf  Mt.  and  stops  at  S.  Deerfield  (small  hotel). 
A  road  leads  from  the  village  to  the  Mountain  House,  on  the  sunmiit  of 
the  conical  S.  peak  of  f^ugar  Loaf  ML,  which  rises  sheer  from  the 
meadows  and  near  the  river.  From  this  point  is  visible  the  broad,  rich 
valley,  with  its  villages  of  Amherst,  Hadley,  Hatfield,  Northampton,  and 
.several  others,  with  Holyoke  seen  beyond  the  Titanic  gateway  between 
Nonotuck  and  Mt.  Holyoke.  Close  at  hand  on  the  E.  is  SundLilaml, 
under  the  shadow  of  Mt.  Toby.  • 

The  rich  and  peaceful  valley  seen  from  Sugar  Loaf  was  the  scene  of  the  bl')ndii'5t  j 
tragedies  of  King  riiilip's  and  the  later  Indian  wars.    King  Pliilip  dlrccteil  the 
movements  of  the  western  Indians  from  his  head-ipiarters  on  this  peak,  --sn  runs 
tradition.     Table  Rock  is  a  licctling  cliff  on  the  E.  side,  beneath  which  is  a  sfa' 
cut  in  the  rock,  called  King  Philip's  Chair  (see  Bristol,  R.  I.).     A  sharp  skinnislij 
took  place  just  S.  of  the  Alt.,  in  August,  1075,  when  '2il  Indians  and  10  euloiiists| 
were  killed.  , 

In  the  N.  part  of  S.  Deerfield  village  is  a  monument  on  the  Bloody  Brook  M'M-\ 
field.     Sept.  18,  1075.  Capt.  Lathrop  and  84  men  were  convoying  a  train  of  gniiD| 


NEW  YORK  TO  QUEBEC. 


Routed.     103 


A  diTPC- 
^evs,  for 
.    Gen. 

t  after  a 

■p  of  tV.3 

III:  NViis 

ipaii  Vw'.r, 

iciin.i"'.  li-' 
ic  vcuei-.i- 

I  (see  vn';c 
1  a  Vjr'.iltii; 

ij  toliaoco- 
Horse  Mt. 
ivncv)  by  a 
the  E. 

>omva>''''*'  '",1 

tai'U;  "»'^  '" 

•ed. 

■63  near  the 

hen  diverges 

Ilatjiehl  ^'^■ 

gononiotricil 

Hatfield  aM 
?y   (Wbately 
re  is  tlie  far- 
its  cascades, 
smallbotel). 
e  swiiiidt  of 
Lev  from  ^^^ 
L  broad,  neh 

Ibanir^""''''' 
eway  ^^^'''''' 
SuudevlW^^- 

|ottt..^1'V"uKl 
la  train  "'  *-' 


wagons  fh)m  ruined  Deerfield  to  Hadley,  and  as  they  passed  over  a  small  brook, 
tliey  stopped  to  rest  and  piek  the  wild  grapes  which  liung  in  clusters  over  its 
watiT.-i.  While  thus  disbuuleil,  they  were  suddenly  attacked  by  700  Indian 
warriors.  Lathrop  ordered  his  men  to  take  refuge  behind  the  trees  and  fire  from 
thftir  sliclter,  but  they  were  si)eodily  enveloped  by  the  enemy,  and  but  7  n)en  es- 
fa;H'  1  the  general  massacre,  which  included  the  teamsteri  and  reapers  and  76 
soiillor.s.  Capt.  Mo.seley,  "an  old  .Jamaica  buccaneer,"  nurched  rapidly  to  the 
S')unil  of  the  volleys,  and  ch:irge:l  and  reidiarged  in  solid  company  front  through 
tlie  lipatheu  swarms.  Ma.jor  Treat  ami  l')i)  Molieganand  re.iuot  Indians  (allies  of 
the  i;!i?,'lish)  also  marched  up  from  Hadley,  and  90  of  the  hostile  warriors  were 
killed  iiu  the  field. 

A  nule  monument  was  soon  erected  here,  and  in  183.'>  the  people  of  5  towns  as- 
senibli'd  and  dedicated  a  line  marble  monument,  with  an  address  by  Edward 

EvtMVtt. 

"  In  t!ie  coiuitry,  districts  that  nestle  in  the  dells  seem  to  have  been  there  for 
ten  centuries  at  least ;  and  it  gives  one  a  shock  to  light  on  such  a  place  as  Bloody 
lir(i(il<,  and  to  be  told  that  only  200  years  ago  Capt.  Lathrop  was  slain  here  ^y 
Ri'l  lnili:nis,  wi  h  80  youth,  'the  flower  of  Essex  County,"  as  the  old  Puritan 
liistories  say."    (Siu  Chaules  Uilke.) 

About  5  M.  N.  pa.s.sing  (on  the  r.)  the  monument,  and  then  the  long 
ridge  of  DeerfieM  Mt.,  the  line  approaches  the  Deerfield  River,  and  stops 
at  Old  Deerfield.  This  place  was  settled  by 

men  of  Dedham  in  1670,  on  the  Indian  domain  of  Pocomtnck,  and  was 
named  from  the  abundance  of  deer  found  in  its  forests. 

Sept.  1,  1075,  the  village  was  attacked  and  burnt,  and  then  abandoned.  It  was 
n  tt'r  harvesting  its  deserted  fields  that  such  disaster  befell  <at  Bloody  Brook,  "a 
liioice  company  of  young  men,  the  very  flower  of  Essex  County,  none  of  whome 
wore  asiiamed  to  speak  with  tlie  enemy  in  tlie  gate."  In  IfiP;!  a  fresh  attack  was 
im<le,  but  it  was  repulsed  by  the  people,  headed  by  their  pastor.  Rev.  John  Wil- 
liims.  Feb.  '29,  1704,  wliile  tlie  watch  was  sleeping,  and  tiie  snow  had  drifted 
over  tlie  palisades,  2  hours  bel'ore  daylight,  tlie  pl.ice  was  attacked  by  Major  de 
R'Miville,  with  340  Frencli  and  Indians.  Tlie  wall>  were  easily  ])assed,  and  a  ter- 
ril'.j  si'eiie  of  slaughter,  ]iillage,  an.l  conflagration  ensued,  whicli  lasted  for  three 
linur.s.  Hut  one  house  esc^aped,  and  its  looplioles  were  guarded  by  7  bold  colo- 
i.ists,  wliose  wives  were  casting  bullets  for  their  guns.  47  Knglish  were  killed, 
aii'l  112  taken  prisoners.  A  few  escaped,  and  alarmed  the  lower  towns,  and  Hat- 
tii'ld  sent  a  force  in  imrsuit,  which  overtook  and  was  defeated  by  De  Rouville  on 
tiie  same  day.  Mrs.  Williams  was  murdered  in  the  Leydeu  Gorge,  and  other 
weakly  cajitivcs  soon  shared  her  fate.  On  the  first  Sunday  of  their  march  north. 
Rev.  John  Williams  preached  from  the  text,  "  My  virgins  and  my  young  men 
are  gone  into  captivity."  Arrived  in  Canada,  the  prisoners  were  forced  to  attend 
Ruir.iu  C;ttlioli(;  services,  and  Mr.  Williams  was  offered  his  freedom,  a  pension, 
a:il  liis  cli ill! ren,  if  he  would  join  that  church.  He  sternly  refused,  but  28  of  his 
i^enjiie  cliose  to  remain  in  Canada,  and  joined  the  Roman  Church,  "  whence  kindred 
Umdnow  rattles  bail  French  in  Canada  or  sputters  Indian  in  the  N.  and  N.  W." 
Tiie  captives  were  kindly  treated  by  the  French,  and  tJO  of  them  were  redeemed 
linllOo.     The  pastor's  lift'  •,  daughter,  Eunice  (7  years  old),  who  was  kept  by  the 

IiiJians.  afterwards  married  an  Indian  and  became  a  Catholic,  and  often  in  after 

J'lrs  mule  visits  to  Deerfield  with  her  tribe.  Not  one  iota  of  regard  for  the  cus- 
[toiisof  civilized  life,  or  for  the  tenets  of  the  Puritan  Church,  remained  in  her 
lleirt.  Pe  HMiivill''  attacked  Dcerfieiil  auain  in  1709,  but  was  handsomely  re- 
li"il-''':l.    In  1801  ■  5  the  town  sent  out  320  soMiers. 

h;iily  stn-es  run  2  M.  S.  V.  to  Sunderlaml,  a  quiet  riverside  liandet  near 
Itwfniit (if  ]vif.  Toby,  to  wliose  summit  a  mail  has  been  made,  with  a  tower 
ICj^ft.  liiiih)  ami  hos)ii'ce  lui  to)).  The  view  thence  is  one  of  the  noblest  in  New 
piigland.  "  It  is  hard  to  tell  which  mt.  view  is  finest,  from  llolyoke,  Tom.  Sugar 
|ti)ii,  or  I'oby.  If  you  add  tlie  wonJertul  view  from  the  Springfield  Armory  tower, 
I'lJ  tliiit  from  Talcott  Mt.,  you  have  an  array  of  mt.  views  unsurpas.sed  between 
I'li  Atlantic  Ocean  and  the  Koeky  Mts."  Daily  stages  also  run  W.  (J  M.  to  Con- 
l^vay  U'>'iit'(t//   Ilou.se),  a   prosperous  farming-town;   and  Ashfield  (AalijicUl 

"'''Oe),  the  mouutaiu-iioiue  ul  Geo.  Wiu,  Curtis  und  Clrna.  Eliot  Norton. 


.  ^ 


I-,* 


-} 


M 


M'-i, 


i:' 


:;-!■' 


i 


164     Route  u. 


BELLOWS   FALLS. 


liiivif 


I 


ill' 
i 


V..: 


U 


*  I, 


Deerfleld  has  3,500  Inhabitnnts,  a  soldiers'  monument,  4  libraries,  and  6  churches 
Tobacco,  hay,  and  (jrain  grow  on  the  rich  meadows ;  and  cutlery  and  brooms  are 
made.  Among  it«  natives  wt-re  Kioluinl  Iliidreth,  tlie  historian  ;  Edward  Ilitclicoik 
tiio  geologist ;  Bi.<<liop  John  Williams  ;  (itn.  Hiii'iis  Saxton  ;  and  George  Fuller,  the 
ar.ist.  U  W  ('hampncy,  the  relebrated  artist,  lias  his  home  at  Deerfield ;  and 
Elbridge  Kingsley  lives  at  ILtltield. 

Memni'ial  Hall  is  the  old  Deerlield  Acad^niy,  built  in  the  last  century. remodelled 
and  occupied  by  a  fine  museum  of  Revolutionary  and  colonial  relics,  Indian  weapons 
and  other  curiosities,  spinning-wlieels,  ancient  furniture  and  utensils,  the  great 
door  chopped  into  by  an  Indian  tomahawk  in  1704,  and  a  cannon  brought  Leie 
(probably)  by  Gov.  Heh^her,  in  \~i?,h. 

Old  Deerfleld  is  the  pleasautest  part  of  the  town.  Here  are  the  summer  boardiug- 
houses  of  Mrs.  John  Stebbius  and  iMis.  Christopher  Stebbius. 

Ju.st  beyond  Deerfield  the  railroad  crosses  the  Dtei-Jidd  River. 

Station,  Greenfield  (see  Route  25).  From  this  place  the  line  runs  X, 
E.  to  Bernardstov,,  a  small  village  under  the  shadow  of  West  Mt.  This 
cold  and  lofty  town  was  granted  in  1736  to  the  veterans  of  the  Falls 
Fight.  A  few  min.  after  passing  Bernardston  the  train  comes  in  siglit  of 
the  Conn.  River,  and  reaches  the  station-house  at  S.  Vernon,  the  termiuus 
of  the  Conn.  River  Line. 

Tlie  train  now  passes  on  the  rails  of  the  Central  Vermont  R.  R.  Sta- 
tions, S.  Vernon,  Vernon,  and  Brattleboro,  see  Route  12.  Beyond 
Brattleboro  are  the  stations,  Dummerston,  Putney,  E.  Putney,  and  Wed- 
minster,  which  pertain  to  small  hill-villages.  In  Putney  are  long  strata 
of  roofing-slate ;  and  the  rare  mineral  called  fluor  spar  (of  a  rich  eineralJ 
green)  is  found  in  the  E.  of  tlie  town.  In  1755  a  strong  timber  fort  was 
built  on  the  Great  Meadows  in  Putney,  which  protected  the  settlenieEt 
until  the  conquest  of  Canada  rendered  it  unnecessary.  All  the  inliaLitants 
lived  in  the  fort  in  small  houses. 

At  Westminster  opcurred  a  sharp  skirmish  in  the  course  of  "  the  contest  Iw- 
tween  Puritan  and  Patroon  "  (as  the  stru^^'gle  of  Vermont  against  the  royal  edict  | 
which  gave  her  to  New  York  has  been  termed).     The  royal  New  York  Jinl^'eswi're 
to  hold  court  here,  but  the  citizens  captured  the  Court-House,  March  13, 1715, 
and  were  only  dislodged  by  an  attack   at  midnight. 

The  oldest  chundi  in  Vermont  is  in  this  village  (1  M.  S.  of  the  station).  It  was] 
built  in  1770,  and  has  been  secularized.  Across  the  river  from  Westminster  is  ti*  | 
old  frontier  town  of  Walpole  (see  Route  26). 


Station,  Bellows  Falls  (*  Island  House).  This  was  a  favorite  Imliaul 
resort  because  of  the  great  numbers  of  salmon  and  shad  near  the  rnpiJ 
8  rods  S.  of  the  old  bridge,  on  the  W.  bank,  Schoolcraft  found  liKliMl 
hieroglyphs  on  the  rocks,  which  he  thinks  are  the  records  of  some  ancitntj 
battle.  The  village  was  named  for  Col.  Bellows,  the  founder  of  Wulpwej 
and  great-grandfather  of  Dr.  H.  W.  Bellows.  The  river  falls  42  lt.l 
within  ^  M.  near  the  village,  and  forms  white  and  impetuous  rapi'i-*! 
dashing  between  and  among  tlie  rocks  which  strew  the  river-bed. 
low  water  the  current  is  coniprc'5sel  into  a  channel  of  Ki  ft.  in  wiatll 
between  two  la.-ge  rocks.     A  canal  \  M.  long  has  been  built  around tl| 


f^i's,  and  01 

%^osite  the 

^'^e^»^  of  thQ  ■ 

f'lit  President 

and  .Uidajeb,, 

'lonor  of  a  hvi 

^oot  of  this  en 


>'iAl.iU-a,l  N.  U 

V  '•  "'"'  the  Oer 
^'■■'^''■•s  to  Alstead 

'^^'^  train  crc 
'^"^'  ""IS  throu. 
'■'^^•iges  and  3  ii 

'A,stoH-,M.as.sc 
'"  i(iO,  and  was  ., 

'"efort  Was  fm....  i 

^"•^"•or,  ana 
'■|'ii-i;ils 


low  ■ 

J^'ar]e.stown  viJIa' 
7^^^  '«veiiness  is 


„       .  "'^■'•.  Which 

f^j^-^t^nesdailv 

*'  '■or  tr   y'   :"'  '' 
'  '''   "^"«Jiy  ha.s 


NL:W  YOUK  TO  QUEBEC.  HotUe  U.     1(55 


lUTche'. 
oins  are 
tclu'ock, 
iller,  the 
ild;  and 

the  gruiit 
jght  li«e 

boardiug- 


e  runs  ^• 

Mt.  T^is 
■  the  Fal\3 
in  sig^it  of 
le  tevminus 

R.B.    Sb- 
2,     Beyond 

.  long  strata 
rich  einenU 
l3er  fort  was 
L  settlement 
veiulvaUtants 

Li,e  contest  ^■ 
tie  voval  edict 

March  V.5,t'''' 
.stiuiuhter  IS  I   I 


avorite  Ind^f 
the  var^li 
fouiul  lu^^i^' 

of  \V''^H«^'^' 

ev  falls  ^^!: 

etuous 

rivev-be^\ 

l(>ft.  i"^^7 
.built  ^vvo«"J^ 


bar 


lur 


T.;\pVUl 


falls,  and  on  the  water-power  thus  afforded,  several  factories  are  located. 
Opposite  the  falls  is  ML  Kilburn,  a  wooded  eminence  which  gives  a  pretty 
view  of  the  river  and  village.  The  oh^  name  of  this  hill  was  Fall  Mt., 
but  President  Hitchcock  and  a  large  delegation  of  students  from  Amherst 
and  ^liddlebury  Colleges  met  here  in  1856,  and  named  it  Mt.  Kilburn,  in 
honor  of  a  brave  frontiersman .  The  Fall  Mt.  House  is  situated  at  tho 
foot  of  tliis  eminence. 

Pleasant  excursions  are  made  by  the  summer  visitors  here,  to  Warren's  Pond, 
in  Alstcail,  N.  II.  ;  to  tlie  Abciiaquis  Mineral  Springs ;  and  to  Westminster. 

I'liim  Di'llows  Falls  tlie  Cliesliire  II.  II.  runs  S.  E.  to  Fitchburg  and  Boston  (114 
M.\  ami  the  Central  Vt.  H.  U.  poas  to  Ilurlington  (143  M.  See  page  181).  Daily 
st;i;;e.s  to  Alstead  (3  M  ),  Marlow  (13  M.),  Acworth,  Leiiipster,  Gnifton,  &c. 

The  train  crosses  the  Conn.  River  into  the  State  of  New  Hampshire, 

and  runs  through  the  long  river-town  of  Charlestown^  with  3  pleasant 

vil!a2;es  and  3  inns. 

This  town  was  settled  under  the  authority  and  by  the  people  of  Mas.sachusetts, 
in  1710,  and  was  named  Number  Four.  A  garrisoned  fort  was  located  here,  and 
between  17-16  and  irCO  the  enemy  committed  many  depredations  in  tlie  vicinity. 
The  fort  was  formally  besieged  in  August,  1746,  and  after  a  successful  defence,  the 
tanison  and  colonists  abandoned  the  place.  In  17'17,  Capt.  Stevens  reoccupied  it 
ivi;h  :]0  men,  under  orders  from  the  Mass.  government.  He  was  soon  attacked  by 
Hebeline,  a  skili'ul  partisan,  with  400  French  and  Indians,  who  besieged  the  Fort  for 
three  iliys,  exhausting  every  a])pliauce  of  craft  and  tactics.  Debeline  threatened 
t)  massacre  the  garrison  unless  they  surrendered,  but  they  sent  back  a  defiant 
Mswcr,  and  a  long  and  desperate  attack  followed.  Tiie  heroic  handful  of  i)ro- 
viiieiiils  nmltiplied  themselves  and  repelled  the  attacks  on  every  side,  until  tho 
enemy  witlulrew  and  retreated  to  Canada.  Capt.  Stevens  was  highly  honored  by 
the  in'ople,  and  Commodore  Sir  Charles  Knowles,  whoso  sliip  then  lay  at  Bo-ston, 
sent  him  an  elegant  sword.  Whe"  the  tract  was  resettled,  it  was  called  Charles- 
to-.vn,  in  lionor  of  Sir  Charles.  During  the  later  French  wars  this  was  the  priu- 
ciinlstiititn  on  the  military  road  between  the  New  England  coast  and  Ticouderoga 
and  Montreal.    The  remains  of  the  Fort  were  plainly  perceptible  in  1810. 

C'harlestown  village  is  situated  between  two  broad,  rich  meadows,  and 

has  some  neat  buildings,  on  a  long,  wiile,  well-shaded  street.     "Its  se- 

1  eluded  loveliness  is  calculated  to  awaken  the  admiration  of  the  traveller." 

l.leross  tlie  river  is  the  town  of  Springfield  {Springfield  House),  on  the 

lilaek  Kiver,  which  falls  110  ft.  in  GOO  ft.,  with  one  sheer  fall  of  50  ft. 

[ssia^'es  4  tinges  daily  (8  M.). 

Station,  t'lareninnt  Junction,  soon  after  leaving  wliich  the  line  crosses 
|%«r  Uiver  by  a  bridge  GOO  ft.  lojig  and  105  ft.  above  the  water.     The 
Itich  intervales  of  the  Conn,  are  now  crossed,  with  Ascutney  Mt.  on  the 
and  the  train  passes  over  the  river  on  a  bridge  whose  predecessor  was 
arried  away  by  ice  in  1806.     Station,  IFrnt^^'or  (Windsor  House),  a  pretty 
"age  on  highlands  over  tlie  river  and  near  tlie  foot  of  Ascutney.     It  is 
'flourishing  town,  with  some  maiiufacturts  and  a  large  country  trade. 

weekly  piiper.s,  a  ti:ic  Government  building 


ciurc.us,  a 


b.iuk, 


las  4 

isel  for  U.  S.  Courts  ;ind  I'dst  Oliiee,  and  the  Vermont   State   Prison 

|*uicli    usually   has   70  -  90  prisoners).      At   Windsor,  during  a  fearful 


n 


fe: 


;v 


■i; 


i' 


:__^^jjg^jiijggiijgig^ 


106     Route '^4-  NEW  YORK  TO  QUEBEC. 


n',l' 


I!    '■ 


:!!P 


thunder-storm,  and  with  the  appalling  news  of  the  fall  of  Fort  Ticotidc- 
rogaringingin  their  ears,  the  deiMities  of  the  Vermont  towns  adopted  llm 
constitution  of  the  State,  July  2,  1777. 

Ascutney  Mt.  lies  S.  \V.  of  the  village.  A  road  has  been  constructed  to  tl.e 
Biiiiiiiut  (5  M.),  and  a  siiiiill  house  lias  been  1)nilt  tlicive  for  a  shelter.  Horses  ami 
guides  from  tiie  Windsor  House.  A  line  view  is  obtained  fi'oni  this  isojideil 
jiealv,  which  is  3,320  It.  above  the  sea.  In  the  W.  and  N.  W.  are  yhrewsbuiy  and 
Killington  Peal;s,  near  Rutland,  wliile  the  (ireen  Mt.  chain  runs  off  to  the  N.  in 
a  long  line  of  rounded  summits.  The  hill  towns  of  /Windsor  Co.  are  scon  in  the 
N  ,  and  tin;  Conn.  River  and  valley  dose  at  hand  in  the  E.  stretch  away  to  tlie 
N.  and  S.  tliroiigh  a  jileasant  farming  country.  Croydon,  Sunajiee,  and  Kcar.sai;:e 
Mts.  are  seen  in  the  E.,  the  latter  being  dimly  outlined  on  the  horizon.  Tlie  lii- 
flian  name  Ascutney  mear 3  "Three  Lrothcrs,"  and  is  sujijiosed  to  refer  t<i  ilnec 
singular  valleys  which  rvn  down  the  W.  slope  of  the  Mt.  There  are  maiks  ol 
volcanic  action  here,  and  the  early  settlers  often  saw  a  lurid  light  hanging  over 
the  sunuuit  on  winter  nights.  Daily  stages  run  to  Cornish  and  Hainfield,  N.  H. ; 
also  to  W.  Windsor,  Reading  (12  U.),  and  Proctorsville  (22  M.). 

Salmon  P.  Chase  was  born  at  (,'ornish  in  1S03.  His  uncle,  Dudley  Chasp,  was 
U  8.  Senator,  1813-17,  and  1825-31  ;  and  his  uncle,  l»iiilunder  Cliu.se,  was  I'rot  • 
Epls.  Bishop  of  Oliic ,  l->ly  -  31.  and  of  Illinois  in  183J-52.  (Tiie.ie  three,  togetlur 
with  their  brothers,  IJaruch  and  lleber  Cuase,  were  born  at  Cornish,  and  gradiiati  I 
from  Dirtmouth  College.)  He  ^ettled  in  Oliio  about  183)  in  the  practice  of  law,  bi- 
came  a  leader  in  tiie  anti-slavery  movement,  and  was  U.  S.  Senator,  184!) -55,  and 
Governor  of  Ohio,  1855-59.  In  1331  he  became  Secretary  of  the  U  S.  Ticasurv, 
and  rendered  great  service  to  tlie  Union  by  his  skilful  flnancial  policy  duriiii;  tie 
Rebellion.  He  resigned  in  18i)4,  and  was  made  Chief  Justice  of  the  United  Status. 
Mr.  Chase  died  in  1873. 

Wui.  M.  Kvarts's  estate  of  Runnymede  is  near  Windsor. 

Stations  beyond  Windsor,  Ilartland,  N.  Ilarlland,  and  White  PJvtr 
Juncticn  (see  Route  29). 

Just  after  leaving  the  Junction,  the  train  crosses  White  River,  and 
passes  to  Norwich,  where  a  large  military  school  called  the  Norwich 
University  was  established  from  1834  to  1866,  when  its  buildings  were 
burnt  and  the  school  was  removed  to  Northfield.  The  village  ( Unm 
House)  is  about  1  M.  W.  of  the  station.  Stages  from  Norwich  station 
run  to  Hanover,  about  ^  M.  S.  E.,  across  the  Connecticut  River.  Han- 
over (Dartmouth  House)  is  the  seat  of  Dartmoutli  College,  which  raulii 
among  the  first  of  American  educational  institutions. 

This  college  was  founded  here  in  lV70  by  Rev.  Eleazer  Wheelock,  as  a  sclitwl  | 
for  missionaries  to  the  Indians,  and  for  Christian  Indians,  and  had  at  (irst  i^ 
students,  domiciled  in  huts  built  of  green  logs,  situated  m  the  midst  uf  a  vast 
wilderness.     44,000  acres  oi  land  were  granted  to  it  by  the  State,  which  also  niisw 
a  building  ir)0  by  60  ft.  for  its  use,  while  money  was  sent  to  its  aid  by  Liigli»li 
patron.s.     The  pro.ject  of  educating  the  Indians  was  rendered  subordinaio  al'ten 
careful  trial,  several  Masters  of  Arts  having  returned  to  savage  life.     Tlic  Colk't'f 
(mnued  for  the  Earl  of  Dartmouth,  President  of  its  board  of  trustees)  Iwul  '■''' 
students  in  the  year  1700.    In  1S71  it  had  2/  instructors  and  382  students.    Bet^itea 
1771  and  1807  it  graduated  3,050  men.  3  of  whom  have  been  U.  8.  Cabinet  .'\liiiisttri: 
10  have  been  U.  S.  Senators,  and  Gl  Representatives  ;  2\  Jidges  of  the  U.  S.  aMj 
State  Supreme  Courts  ;  10  Governors  ;  4  Ambassadors  ;  25  P.  esidents  of  Coll'', 
104  Professors  ;  and  800  Clergymen.     The  degree  of  LL.  D.  has  been  couli'iif 
24  alumni,  and  that  of  D.  D.  o'li  100.     "Not  to  enlarge,  with  few  cxccjitioiis.  W 
(Dartmoutii's)  influence  in  religion  has  been  emidiatically  conservative,  aiul 
sympathies  in  a  national  point  of  view  eminently  patriotick.     She  has  boeii 
nursery  uf  sound  divines,  devoted  missionai'ies,  profound  jurists,  skilful  iiliysicinni 
brilliant  slatcsiacn,  accoiniilislied  scholai-y,  classical  and  learnea  writers,    s'"' 
are  the  worthies  she  has  given  to  the  Union,  and  on  these  rest  her  claiais  to 
nation's  gratitude.  '    (Ciiapmajs'.) 


seco;,d  ^if^^i 

JJy^i^:  D.  D 

l-t-;v/o;i  missin 

■*'teriii,ici,  I,-/- • 
^^^^•^^torei'S'ft^ 

''tauti/,,;  ..    ^    '^" 

«ii,se„„w,;'  ^'^  ^i"  of 


-—"US  ate 


^^EW  YOKK  TO  QUBBEC. 


It: . 


Tl-e  builcli„.s  front  n„  ""'  -^epenaeucT  '''^^^^^^'  «"^  the  College 

JOOO  volume  %nd  hi,  al'f'PT^  ^^^''*""  Hall  ^i^iin  ^h  ^''^  «• '«  t^^e 
I^artiuouth.  Clioip  w  ,  ^^'''''^'■.^^  '"cludin-r  M^^'i't-'*'"^  ^'^e  library  of 
'Rothes.  UKatZf!Tu^^^'''  fhea.lleire-nres'i.W    '^''.'^'  Portraits  of  Lord 

|""se."n ('f  n  uo;at    ' Ri '''l.^.;;^''  '^  "^tur^-hitorveoM^''/- "'''''•«'  ^0110^;); 

f«^/"is  quiet  aci^e'S^'i^^Park  cJ^-e^'^1  l^^S^^S^  '^'^ 
;;>  Jit.  Ascutney  in  thp  ♦«    ur^   '«  nne,  eujbi-aciii«-  t-ili  h;ii  \.      ,    sf-eiierv 

"»1»  at  PoMpamosue.  ^ZclTjJ     "^  '  !'  0">Pompa„oosuc  River  and 

I'M-  N.  W.,  and  tlie  oodJ™.  ■"*  """<"'  »«  «'  Copperas   HiM 

N^adifflcultprocesttdTciXtT  '■'■°"'  °*''  ^™"    V  « 
r  ;  Wr  are  convert  d  into^St,  '?  «'!'V^''""'-    """^^'y  M 

Distant  views  of  ivr^    m     ,  ^ 

U-/.ey:.^:ot:;i^^^^^      r-  -  *«  -» 

P*t.o„,  and  on  the  E.  is  the  laZ  ,  '  """S'  '»  »  M-  W,  of 

te'" """  * '""''  ""''*      '* '""  °'  ^^"'''  "■  «■'  ^ 

■^-  -'...,  w.e,.ee™,.heoppe.o;e.o™OoH„thi.,.„t  to 


^ 


■il 


rm 


mm  I 


M 


i    I! 


irft    Route  U.  NEW  VOBK  TO  QUEBEC. 

M  ,nd  smelted.    Station,  Fairk, 
Baltimore  (by  »ater  '"".^"^"it'o-  "funding  in  lake.,  one  of 
„«J  Or/or<i,tl>e  «<>"»"*«»'«  "^  a^  found  in  these  watem    Ju 
^hieh  is  nearly  3  M.  long.    r>cta«'^  „,  ^./ord  (stage    o  l. to 

across  the  river  from  Faulee  is  the  N .  H_  ^^^_,„,^  „  f„„  , , 

House),  »ith  a  beautifully  -a'^^,,  "^  mral  life.  m.  CuU  and  Jft 
summer-home  for  lovers  of  t™"^-;  '^^^..^  there  are  several  large  ,«*. 
Sunday  are  near  the  -^^f "' *;,  °" and  has  a  ehainof  6  lakes  on  .is  E. 

ver's  Mt.  are  worthy  of  notice  „„,p<,ro«8  manntactnring  >  ilhs« 

'^Station.  muiMd  (T-tt"  «°^f^ri„C  V,  where  one  Wrishl,  «. 
on  Waifs  Biver.    In  the  K  W  is  Wugn  ,  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^  „„, 

Limed  to  he  a  P™f '^rJ^trrrfcientifie  association,  an  aca,i». 
r::t1y  n«:;-  «-  a  .ving.han.  ,, 

Stations,  S.  ^«*'-"  ■"•*« f'^^^sCntitul  village  stands  ... 
of  Doc,  Farnhara,  and  Ba,  ley).  J^"'        „„„„  „  great  hend  of    « 

"j:2;r;H..»  o-ath-hot^s  ^c.  -  ^      ,,,  ,„,ders  0, .... 

Send  went  erS^Phnistmes  t  ui»°,KiS"Sfled  t?  V''f3«  " 

The  beautiful  scenery  along  the  Pas^™P  ,,„,«,,  ,vhe« 

Jtin   runs  H.   ^J^^Xl^.  B.  B.  touches  th.l- 
Boston,  Concor.1,  and  «»"    »;^  f"  g,,  B„„to  30). 


^^EW  YOItK  TO  QUEBEC. 


Route  *'■ 


■il     iGii 


fl.,t.: "  1 


lows  up  WelJs  River  tr>  r.  *      . 

wfi^^Ksi^^^a-^^^^     —  .... 

the  sea,  and  n^r  li^'^  ^'J^.^^  •^'i^tiny  auci  fi«„i„g     Tl.is  .      i  • 
Beyon,i  WeJls  River     h"V       '  ''"""'  ^  ^^^  ^^  *  M  ^^""'  '^  l'^««  ".  above 

;%ago.s  run  to  Pcacka^n'to^T  ,'^''*^^^^'*--"  town,  s    uLl    n  7  7T 
le  mouth  of  +J.„    1,  '  ^"*^^' ^^avin"- B^rnof   +i.  ',.  "^*^''  '"  177o. 

J"st  beyond  Birnpf  /f        ,  Passumpsic 

theCoun/Riv  r  ™V^^^"^^'    ^''  ^^s  butter)  be^in  the  ^r  .r-, 

the  statin)   a  1        Johnshcry  House,  on  the       i,       I^  ^''''^'-     ^^^^tion, 


tow  she,]  „,."?..""  »»"e- 


P'       K.  H.  here  crQss,^  th,  Al'Spsfc  F|!'*^- 


sr 


■r* 


15' 


TF 


>j 


1 

■I 

I     I 


I'  I 


r. 


m\ 


,  ,,  -WILLOUOUBY  LAKE. 

headquarters  o  the  .^^  ,^  ^^^.^od  J 

tUeGreatFaUsof  h    I  -acirn.g  wind,  a    "«  ^^^^  ^^^^,„.,,,i 

Station,  ir.  ^"'J-^'  (VKriases  may  be  tnken  *^'"'  ^,,  ,  ,,-,ew  of  thoUvo 
the  bold  Burke  M  .     <^-^-«  Theroadnflordsac<.n tmual     ew 

*  WiUoUgbby  Lake, «  ^-  ^;,^^.,i,  u.e  lake  is  sUuated.       I- 

lingular  n.ountan.s  bet.  c en  ^      ^^^^^  ^^^^^^^,,        ,,,er>  ,  bo  t  ^_^  ^^^^ 

ut  House  charge    $  o      ^  ^^^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^^  ,,,  ..o     r*.  nu  ^^^^^^ 

lisWing;  ^0  ^^^y^Ttd  between  two  immense  "^«""'"'"^;,  2  M.  V.de, 
continent,  being  situated  betw  .^  ^  ^^_  ^^,,^,^  "^' "ne  "f  100  fathon. 

,,ectfarbelow^tBwate  s  J  ^^^  ^^^^  ^"''""' ^    "eUondevfuUy 

having  run  out  NMtU.  „  the  quk^  waters,  gives 

varied  and  --aUon^^^^^^        ^  ,,,,,.«,  or  a  ^--\^^^^lZ<^,.,r  of  its  ."; 
A  carriage  road  ««"§'.     ^f  the  lake  and  the  gra  _^^^^ 

opportunity  to  -  ^-^  ^^    „,  ,,.  w.  shore  .  ^alU^d^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^ 
rounding  ^valls.    The  m         ^.^  ^^^^^  ^^^^,,,ter.    ^be  ^^^^^^^  ^„^ 

is  somewhat  more  thai   1,3  o^  Amianance,  m  dme  . 

maps.     As  Mr.  Eastman  ^^.^^  ^^  ^he  St.  iran  ^^^^^^ 

"ie  that  was  ^^^^^^^^^^^  of  granite,  2  M^  ^^^g  f  ,6^ong  slope ! 
once  lived  here.    A^astp      1^^^^^^^  Annancmce    >.bUe  ^^^^^^^     A 

down,  rutxs  along  tbe  side  ^^^  .^  2,638  ft.  above  ^^^^^^^^1 

Head  (in  <^«"*> '"V^X  oJ  M""*"''"''  ''''""'  f  tho"m»  «»  <'«  »] 
Mt..  runs  S.,  wi"'  "«  P^^J^     i,,„„,  ,l,o  verge  of  "»J'"        ^.J 

,„„  (near  Eu.land)  all  -  *•  •  ,^„  ""* '^  tr^    UU,ri»S  <^ 

Mt  Bar  is  seen  close  at  liana-  ^  northern  «"" '        „„,J 

tfie  »ou„t,ln,  «-ni7the  docon,poscd  l^-^^^^  :;»■  «! 

aiid  the  Pomt  of  Bocks 


f 


Louse ; 

Un'wn 

wu  arc 

•Icbrated 
{  t\\o  two 

tcamboat 


)\e  on 


tUe 


ho?c 


bases 


2  M.  "^^■""^''' 
(voadevlully 


ratevf 


cives 


;)Tiate, 


V  of  i^s  sur- 
Mt.  Hov,  a"i 
ore  inowitam 

t  600  it.  sket 
he  lougs^^^Vi 

the  Conn. 


Jhc  Silver- 


karae 


ro 


Cast 
ad.   'i'^»^ 


NEW  YORK  TO  QUEBEC.  Route  24.     171 

ami  mnscalonge  abound  in  the  cool  crystal  waters  of  the  lake.  Excursions 
are  made  from  the  hotel  to  Durke  Mt.  (10  M.  S.),  Barton  (11  M.  VV.).. 
IHunM  Foils  (12  M.),  and  Xewnrk  )  6  M.  S.  E.),  famed  for  its  production 
of  .sn^ar  from  va.st  forest.s  of  sugar-maples. 

Near  the  flag  station  at  S.  Barton  the  summit  is  passed,  and  the  water- 
shed of  the  St.  Lawrence  is  entered.  Jay  Peak  is  seen  in  Jie  N.  W.  Sta- 
tion, Burton  (Crystal  Lake  House),  a  manufacturing  village  in  a  town 
iianipil  for  its  first  proprietor,  Gen.  Barton.  Crystal  Lake  (by  which 
the  track  passes)  is  a  pretty  sheet  of  water  containing  about  2  square 
miles.  About  1^  M.  distant  on  the  E.  is  the  Flume,  where  a  brook  flows 
llirougli  a  natural  passage  in  the  granite  rock,  140  ft.  long,  10  ft.  wide, 
and  20  -  30  ft.  deep.     The  granite  walls  are  smooth  and  perpendicular. 

In  1810,  the  people  determined  to  deepen  Barton  River  by  turning  Long  Tond 
(the  source  of  the  Lamoille)  into  it.  They  had  barely  completed  a  channel  from 
Lonj,'  Pond  to  the  pond-reservoir  of  the  Barton  River,  wlieu  its  waters  burst 
tlirmij;li  with  tremendous  force,  and  swept  down  to  Lake  Memphremagog,  wrecli- 
ing  everything  in  their  path,  and  causing  immense  damage.  The  bed  of  Long 
t  Pond  is  now  dry,  and  is  called  Runaway  Pond. 

Barton  to  Willonghhy  Lake,  6  M.  Fine  trout-ponds  near  village.  Daily  stages  to 
Glover,  Albany,  aud  Craftsbury. 

Station,  Barton  Landlrnj  (Valley  House),  Avhich  was  much  resorted  to 
hv  smugglers  in  1812-1').  Stages  run  4  AL  W.  to  Irasburr/h  (Irasburgh 
House),  a  beautiful  rural  village. 

Beyond  Coventry,  the  train  reaches  Newport  (*  Memphremag6g  ffouse, 
$2.50  a  day,  $  10-17  a  week,  300  guests,  a  first-class  hotel  on  the  lake 
shore;  Bellevue  Howe  ;  many  families  take  summer-boarders).  This  is  a 
hancUome  village  of  2,500  inhabitants,  the  shire-town  of  Orleans  County. 

Lake  Memphremagog. 

The  village  of  Newport  is  at  the  up]ier  (S.)  end  of  this  lake,  anti  ;■?  365  M.  from 

1  New  Yoi'.;,  230  M.  from   Boston,  and  164  M.  from  Quebec.      It  is  built  upon 

1  Pickerel  Point,  and  from  the  edge  of  the  village  rises  Prospect  Hill,  whence 

fine  lake  views  are   gained,  and    the  Mts.   Owl's    Head,   Elephantis,   Orford, 

Jay  Pcalc,  and  Annanance  are   seen.     Other  excursions  from  Newport  are  to 

Clyde  River  Falls  (2  M.),  Mt.  Morrill  (2  M.),  Bear  Mt.  (7  M.),  and  Bolton  Springs 

[(in  Canada,  14  M.).    Steamers  leave  every  morning  irom  the  quay  near  the  great 

I  hotel,  for  Magog,  returning  in  the  evening. 

The  original  Indian  name  of  this  lake  was  Memphremagog.  or  Momiilowbowque 

|(nanie.i  possibly  used  by  different  tribes),  which  is  said  to  mean  Beautiful  Water. 

ISome  E;ce  in  it  a  resemblance  to  Loch  Lomond,  others  to  Lake  George,  while  still 

lothersrall  it  the  Geneva  of  Canada.     The  lake  is  30  M.  long  and  2-4  M.  wide, 

pnd  two-thirds  of  it  lies  in  Canada.    Tlie  waters  are  cold  and  clear,  abounding  in 

nt  and  muscalonge,  the  shores  are  romantically  uneven  and  rock-bound,  and 

ill,  wonded  mountains  rise  on  either  hand.    The  voyage  to  Magog,  at  the  N.  end 

|J  the  lake,  usually  takes  3  -  4  hours,  nearly  .50  M.  being  traversed.     By  leaving 

>iigog  on  the  afternoon  boat  (about  4.30  P.  M.),  a  fine  sunset  on  the  mouataina 

Tsy  be  seen. 


j  The  steamer  passes  out  by  Indian  Point,  on  the  E.,  and  a  distant  view 
^  Htanstead  village  is  soon  obtained,  between  the  evergreen-covered 
jilet^  krtov/n  as  the  Twin  Sister."  (on  the  E.).     Soon  after  Province  Island 


■    ■ 


'  \ 


% 

•i, 


11 


I  ; 


;j' 


r^' 


I 


NEW  YORK  TO  Qi:i:r.EO. 


'\\l\ 

:'^'\ 


i ..  ' 


!^n: 


172     /Jou^e^i  IN1^>-    —  TlieboundaryisTnan.nl 

otthetnwnot  'o  2;7o„,'»  Head  is  «ow  al     -c^c    ^^^^„, , 

a  cathedra.  «%-f '"J^":;,,  Ba.gern  r»t«ate.l  'low.   *«  ^.^,^,,^^ 

rivc-a  ftom  the  fact  *■"  «  \^„ui..g  an,l  <te"-<»"8  *„V  t  e  chuvch,  H.- ! 
L„UoMemphremagog       «r         .^^^^  ^^^  *".  l-'"';  °    *;    „  p„„,„K 

of  the  St.  nane.s  to>''»  ';      .,  „„i  a  riWev  t.naue  «>f  '  =        '       „„ 

tion  at  the  foot  of  OWi  ^^^^^ 

forests  and  fteWS'X  ancl  connuamls  a  Moa  i      village  and  part  oi  .  ^,^,1 

2  743  ft.  above  the  UM,^  ^^^^  g.  is  Ncwroi  ^^    ^^ftifp  Green  Mts , 

of  the  ^^^^^X^^^^^^tvtram^^  of  Bear  Mt  am^  ^^^  foot-|uUs  of  the  Gree^_^^^ 
valley,  with  t^«""'\^^I  valley.    I«  ^^^, ^\nd  far  bey..n.l  it  tl'e  c'ty  ot  *  ^^^^,^  ^  ; 
part  of  the  M.'X  rseen  in  the  N-  V^  ••  ,*"  e  diref^i""-  are  the  "o^  .^^  ^, 

*vhile  Brome  Lake  «  see  ^^^^^^  .^  ^lV%te  head  of  the.lake  on  th«^^  ^,,  ^even 
visible  ona  elear  day.        ^^  loomsJlt  t^  e  ne   MassaNvipP-    I"  ^^^  ^g.  over  \Sf- 
Elephantis  Mts.    V*"' i-es  of  Little  Mi^Oo  au  ^^,p„  ^^^  .*,    Mt«  rise  on  tie 

bW*^  viow  over  resenibl'^* 

rods  long.  .     noitnc^  f^Zcrwrf,  wuicu  , 

n'^i;:t  Satt^Vir/-  rfcar;  the  .*  «4 

t  of  thehote.  an.  ha,  0^^  N.     ^^^^  ^.^         ^^^^^'^l^^'/ehuW* 
long,  10  ft.  wide    at  the  e  s^i,„ev  (m  "l^)  "':^  V  „J 

that  a  celebrated  ^ng«        oiheer,>y  ."-W-™?  f  ;„  ,„i,i*^ 
closest  puramt  of  »^  %   „    the  ofReers  fo<md  >"^  "°;  ^  ^  (,Am4 

one  nfef*.  *-r„:' «W  laUe.    Some  ^^^^^Zt.^^  ««  H 
-f„,rdttteoftheislandtoe.careas„ 

Sdlen  under  heavy  foUage.  ,^„„„„„„ 


■sr 


rt 


NEW  YORK  TO  QUEBEC.  Route  J 4-     173 


Green  M  *. 
B.  are  sexou 

I  M  ^^'^  '1  30  1 


Alto  (flme  iMinoK  oCarnm  and  thighi. 
And  II  vcrtcliriil  t'uluiiiii  (ituiunt  bi/.i>  : 
How  tln"y  pot  tlieru,  lie  could  n't  di-vise. 
For  lie  M  only  Ihmmi  lined  to  eotiiiiioiipliire  ifnvtt. 
And  knew  iiuiight  of  "orpiinic  reiiiiiiiiH"  in  cuvct; 
On  niattei'M  like  tiiosu  hin  witit  were  dull, 
So  he  dmii{)ed  the  Hubjeet  iix  well  ns  the  ikull. 
•  'Tin  iieedleHS  to  Hiiy 

In  this  later  diiy, 
'T  wai  the  sniiiggler's  bones  in  tlie  cuve  that  liiy  : 
All  I  ve  to  iidd  is  -  the  lionei  in  u  itriw  e 
'Were  pliiced,  and  the  cavern  won  called  '  Skinner's  Cave.' " 

X.  of  this  point  is  Lony  Island,  with  jialisades  on  its  N.  W.  side,  and 
:iii  ininuMise  rockiiig-stone  called  Balance  Rock  on  the  S. shore.  Near  Mol- 
.■nil's  Ishind,  still  further  N.,  i.s  the  mansion  of  a  wealthy  Montreal  ^entlo 
iiiaii.  On  the  W.  shore,  1  M.  above  the  hotel,  are  cliHs  700  ft.  high,  and 
as  the  steamer  goes  N.  the  sharper  outlines  of  Owl's  Head  become  inoni- 
iiieiit.  ML  Elrphantis,  or  Sugar  Loal",  is  r.bove  Owl's  Head  on  tlie  Vv'. 
shore,  and  is  thought  to  resemble  an  elephant's  heatl  and  back.  Fiir  u}> 
on  the  W.  slope  of  Elephantis  is  a  beautiful  moiuitain  tani,  2  M.  long  by 
^  M.  wide,  and  abounding  in  trout.  The  steamer  touches  at '/c.-yy^'fiV/c 
(Camperdown  House),  a  pretty  village  on  the  E.  shore,  'where  many 
Canadians  pass  the  summer.  The  lake  is  now  crossed  (3  M.)  to  Kmnol- 
Ms  Landing  (16  M.  from  Newport),  at  the  mouth  of  Sergeant's  Bay. 
This  crossing  has  long  been  the  main  route  to  Montreal  from  tlie  Ea.^tern 
Townships  (Stanstead  County),  as  stages  run  from  Knowlton's  to  the  rail- 
road station  at  Waterloo  (20  M. ).  Tlie  steamer  crosses  the  mouth  of  the 
Bay,  passes  the  rocky  Gil)raltar  Point  on  the  1.,  and  leaves  the  more 
mountainous  part  of  the  lake,  heading  towards  Orford  Mt.,  wliicli  is  seen 
I  in  the  N.  A  comparatively  narrow  strait  is  passed,  and  then  the  lake 
hvidens  into  a  broad  expanse,  at  the  end  of  which  is  the  village  of  Magog 
llParks  House),  a  small  Canadian  settlement,  with  fine  trout-fisi)iiig  in  tho 
Irapids  of  Magog  River.  The  latter  stream  flows  through  Little  Magog 
[Lake,  and  empties  the  Memphremagog  waters  into  tho  St.  Frantis  River, 
I  noble  tributary  of  the  St.  Lawrence.  5  M.  from  Magog  (carriage- road 
fothe  summit)  is  Orford  Mt.,  the  highest  peak  in  the  Eastern  Townships. 
Its  view  embraces  Memphremagog  and  its  mts.  on  the  S.,  ShefTord  Mt. 
p  the  W.,  much  of  the  valley  of  the  St.  Francis  on  the  N.  E.,  and  thij 
paters  of  18  lakts.  A  vast  pine  forest  covers  much  of  the  comitry  to  the 
|.  and  W.,  and  Orford  Lake,  at  the  base  of  the  mt.,  has  a  weirdly  dark 
id  solitary  appearance.  Railroads  run  from  Magog  to  Sherbrooke  and 
Waterloo. 

The  Montreal  and  Boston  Air  Line. 

lA  new  and  pleasant  route  between  Boston  and  Montreal  has  been  formed  from 
|e Boston,  Lowell,  and  Nashua  R.  U.  and  the  U.  C.  &  M.  R.  R.  (see  pages  188  - 199) 
V'olLs  River;  the  Passumpsic  R.  R.,  thence  to  Newport  (pages  166-172);  and 
Nieby  the  Southeaatern  Railway  65  M.  N.  \V.  to  W.  Famham,  whence  it  passes 
|ioMoutie,il  by  St.  John's.    This  line  runs  through  trains,  with  ^arlor-cars. 


t'l 


'Ir^ 


;M;n:-i 


U 


NEW  YOUK  TO  QUKBEC. 


I  '■  .  .  I 


I'   '. 


174     n..ut.U.  "•—    ■-  .„„  Newport,  «"'!  ••'""' 

':e,.e  early  »'^!«'V'C  r      w^"  "^O  an.,  .»00. 

pioneers  Irom  N-  E,,,,  nd  ^^  ^^^^^_  ^ ''.,..;;-«  «',K!i;S 

villagem  HatU,y  to  vn  ^^^^^  ^^.^^^,„,  vith  many  ^^^^^^^ 

among  ^vluc^l  a  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^,^,  ,„  wau  ^^  ^^  ,^, 

Blackberry  Mt.  on  tne  Massawippi  Iviver  lo 

other  tine  scenery  ■.«  ^''.^Xmort  in.portant  Btat.or,  !''?' ^.^y,  „ 
Eastern  To™sl»p^.  -      ^t^  ^ompton    Connty  .mld„«s, 

and  Portland,     it  conta  ■ 

«dUHuatedonaeomma,ulu,grte.  | 

MB.er.re..^^St?rrS'oSi1.rMr^^-- 
BailwaytoQuel>ec(12im.;. 


WALTirAM. 


R.mtetS.       175 


k 


to  >*»i'>- 
nut  nil- 

ire  U»'''"' 

rsi'A  ;  va  • 
ixutiVu\  vU- 

>/ni()i'<"'"' 
er  from  t\\e 

du.\s  of  1^*^' 

fftn*\  "^^^^^'^' 
,\uviug  t^Aoir 

and  a  staff  o! 
'wovko>Un*'l 

ain\  ^^'     '  , 

:,^Opo\i3    0f^'^' 

Jtwecn  ^W»  J 


the  Grand 
,  Boute  W. 


Tp\B 


25.    B  ston  to  the  Hoosao  Tannel  and  Troy. 

via  Fifchh(ir«,  Vt,,  nnd  Matx.niKl  Troy  nnd  Orccnrti'ld  Rnllronds,  thronnh  fh« 
HoDHic  Tuniii'l  to  Nortli  A<liiins,  II.'}  M  ,  wIuti-  coiiiifrtioii  is  inadt!  with  tlu!  Tiny 
Aii'l  lliiston,  and  Hoston,  lloosai-  Tuiuk'I  iiml  W'twicni  Uuilroad»,  for  Troy,  Albany, 
guj  Surutoijii,  uiukiug  thu  Hhortust  routn  Iruui  Huston. 

Till!  train  loaves  tlio  Jiiio  cistellati-il  graiiito  station  of  the  FitchlnirR 
Riilroad  on  Ciiuseway  St.,  near  the  Warren  Bridge  to  Charles- 

town,  and  soon  crosses  tlie  tracks  of  the  Boston  ami  Maine,  Eastern,  and 
liostoii  anil  Lowell  Railroads,  on  their  lon^r  trestles  over  Charles  River. 
Charli'stiuvn  Ilej'^'hts  on  tlie  r.  and  the  Ioiil;  hills  of  popnhnis  Boston  on 
tlifi  1.  ari!  in  sight  for  a  few  minntes,  then  the  tr.iin  runs  past  the  statior.s, 
I'niiin  Sjtiare,  Snofrn'/le,  Cambriihjr.,  nfilimnf,  and  Wnvfirlfif,  Near 
the  litter  stiition  is  the  finest  prove  of  oaks  m  New  Enjjland  (see  Flagp's 
"Won.lsand  IJy-w.ays"). 

Waltham  {Central  House  ;  Prospect  House)  comes  next,  and  is  an  active 
town  of  about  12,000  inhabitants.  Here,  in  1814,  was  erected  the  first  larf^o 
cottoii-niill  in  America,  and  extensive  mills  are  still  in  operation  hero. 
T'  I  American  Watch  Company's  works  are  the  largest  in  the  world  en- 
i?ed  in  making  watches;  upwards  of  1,600,000  of  tiiese  timekeepers  have 
been  sold  in  America,  their  reputation  being  very  high.  Every  part  of 
tliesfi  popular  and  justly-celebrated  watches  is  made  by  machine-work, 
while  the  works  of  Swiss  watches  are  formed  V)y  hand.  The  extensive 
huiklings  of  this  company  are  on  the  banks  of  the  Charles  River. 

At  WiUluun,  tlio  track  of  the  Watertown  Branch  rejoins  the  main  line,  after 
[  passiii},'  several  petty  stations  l)ctwcen  Waltham  and  its  divergent  point  at  Brick- 
1  yaril.liiiiction.  H'atcrtoini  is  the  most  important  of  these  points,  while  Mount 
I  Au'iiru  iiiul  Fresh  I'ond  ar.salso  frenuently  visited  hy  this  route. 

N'.  1'.  Bunks  was  horn  at  Waltham  in  1S16.     His  parents  were  factory-hands, 
linilhe  lijiuself  was  for  some  time  a  "bobbin  boy."    ApplyiuK  himself  to  study, 
iniiiiiilisia,  law,  and  politics,  he  rose  rapidly,  ami  was  Member  of  Congress  in 
ll'>!-T2;uid  18U5-7,  Governor  of  Mass.  ISJS'-CU.     During  the  Secession  War  he 
hisa  .Miij-Clen.,  and  was  defeated  by  Stonewall  Jackson  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley, 
lifter  wiiicli  his  army  was  only  saved  by  its  superior  flcetness.     While  command- 
In^  in  Louisiana  he  took  Opelousas  and  Alexandria,  inflicting  severe  losses  on  the 
Vidiiy,  iind  then,  after  a  long  siege,  the  Mississippi  River  fortress  of  Port  Hudson 
Va' siiriiMKlered  to  his  army.     lu  18ti4  he  advanced  far  up  the  Red  River,  but 
fiter ;  evenil  sharp,  sudden  attacks  by  the  Confederate  General  Dick  Taylor,  he 
Vaa  forci'd  to  make  a  rapid  and  disastrous  retreat  with  his  unwieldy  expeditionary 
pp    111  the  Presidential  contest  of  1872,  he  joined  the  Liberal  party,  and  conse- 
pntly  failed  to  secure  a  re-election  to  Congrtiss  in  that  year. 

.\fterlt;iving  Waltham.  Prospect  Hill  is  seen  on  the  r.,  from  whose  snm- 

kit  l>0!'t.  high)  a  fine  view  is  ol»taiy.edof  Boston  and  its  we.stern  suburbs. 

line  .soon  passes  into  the  valley  of  Stony  Brook,  and  beyond  the 

^'i'^n  of  tliat  name,  .stops  at  Weston,  1  M.  N.  from  the  bright  upland 

flaw  of  V,''"ston.     TJvenIn  is  U  M.  S.  W.  of  the  village  in  the  centre  of 

■town  (tf  Lincoln,  near  which  are  two  large  ponds  well  stocketl  with 


\  ■ 


'  lUi 


,.!f 


I 


if- 

Hi : 


ij 


'■<ii' 


176    Route  25.     BOSTON  TO  THE  HOOSAC  TUNXEL. 

fish.  The  train  soon  gains  the  W.  border  of  the  forest-surrouuded  Walden 
Pond,  on  whose  banks  lived  Thoreau  (see  page  28). 

At  Concord  Junction  the  new  State  Prison  is  seen,  on  the  rij^ht.  and 
then  the  train  passes  the  stations,  S.  Actnn,  W.  Acton,  and  TJtIlrinn 
(the  Indian  Naslioba).  From  S.  Acton  a  branch  road  runs  to  Marlboro' 
(13  M. ),  crossing  the  Pompascitticutt  district  of  the  Indians,  anr!  stopjjiiig 
at  Maynard,  Rockbottom,  and  Hudson. 

Beyond  Littleton  is  Ayer  Junction  {Adams  House;  Americnn),  a 
flourishing  village  and  railroad  centre. 

The  Stony  Bi-ook  Railroad  runs  to  Lowell  (13  M.)  clo\vn  the  valley  of  tlie  Stony 
Brook,  passing  through  the  towns  of  Groton,  IVestford,  and  Chelmsford.  Wcsiford 
has  a  quiet  village  situated  on  far-viewing  heights. 

The  Peterhoro  and  Shirley  Brau(!h  runs  to  Greenville  or  Mason  Village  (N.  H.), 
passing  through  the  towns  of  Groton,  Townsend,  and  Mason.  Townseiid  Harbor 
is  a  village  on  the  Squanicook  River,  and  Centre  &  W.  Townsend  are  small  vilLiLics 
of  no  importance.  IVIason  Villa  ■  was  set  olf  under  the  name  of  Greeiivillo  in 
July,  1872,  amid  general  jubilations  and  ii  salute  of  40  guns.  It  is  a  nianuriirtni- 
ing  place,  situated  on  the  Souhegan  River,  which  has  here  a  fall  of  80  ft.  in  a 
distance  of  80  rods. 

The  Worcester  and  Nashua  Railroad  crosses  the  present  route  at  Ayer 
Junction. 

After  leaving  Ayer  Junction,  the  Fitchburg  Railroad  crosses  the  towns 
of  Shirley,  Luuen\)urg,  and  Leominster,  with  occasional  views  of  Wachusett 
to  the  1.  as  tlie  train  ajjproaches  Fitchburg.  Fitchburg  ( .1  merican  House) 
is  a  small  city  (incorporated  1872)  of  about  13,000  inhabit- 
ants. It  was  known  in  the  colonial  days  as  Turkey  Hills,  from  tlie  great 
number  of  wild  turkeys  found  here.  It  is  a  busy,  plain,  wide-awake  place, 
which  has  quadrupled  its  population  within  28  years  by  its  encourage- 
ment of  manufactures  and  by  ls  being  a  centre  of  railroads.  The  city  is 
built  along  the  Nashua  River,  wliich  affords  a  fine  water-power.  Many 
small  factories  are  ranged  along  this  stream,  which  is  the  life  of  Fitchburg 
600  men  are  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  machinery  and  agricultural 
tools;  300  men  are  in  the  chair-making  business  ;  3  paper-mills  with  250 
hands,  turn  out  ,f  1,000,000  worth  of  goods  yearly  ;  while  two  or  three  i 
cotton-mills  are  well  worked  and  busy. 

The  views  from  Rolhtnnc  Hill  (the  seat  of  large  quarries)  and  Pearl . 
are  of  interest.  In  memory  of  her  soldiers  who  fell  in  the  Seces.sion  War, , 
the  city  has  erected  a  fine  monument  from  designs  by  Milmore.  It  repre-j 
sents  the  Goddess  of  Liberty,  a  soldier,  and  a  sailor,  all  of  heroic  size,  ami  I 
cast  in  bronze  at  Chicopee,  in  this  State.  These  statues  stand  on  a  liigliif 
inscribed  pedestal. 

In  1793,  Fitchburg  maintained  a  semi-weekly  stage  to  Boston.  At  present  ill 
has  7  trains  a  day  running  over  50  M.  of  track  to  Boston,  by  the  Fitchbiuj;  I^'j 
road,  and  4  trains  daily  to  Boston  by  way  of  S.  Framingham  (58  M.).  The  Clieshifjl 
R.  R.  runs  hence  N.  W.  to  Keene  and  Bellows  Falls  ^ee  Route  26);  the  Vt.awl 
Mass.  rims  W.  to  Hoosac  Tunnel ;  and  the  Worcester  and  Fitchburg  R.  R.  vss&*y 
to  Worcester. 


;ii:: 


'  ^^\ 


Wcdden 

rW,  and 

fjtjh'lon 

ricftTi),   a 


ace  (N.  H-)' 
se'ud  llHrtwi 

Gveenvillo  m 
iiianul'ai'Un- 

of  80  ft.  ii>  =* 
)ute   at   Aver 


,es  the  ioNVUS 


e 


000  iiihaliit- 
from  the  great 
-awake  v^aM. 
its  encouva?- 
The  city  15 
power.    Many 
e  of  ritcWi"'^-, 

.mills  with  2oO 
two  ovtteel 

|)andPf«rff 
Secession  >^«' 
xore.    Itrepn 
'  heroic  ^i'-e.*'' 

Istand  ou  a  ln?M 


bn.    Mrrc.;^., 


.e26);t\^jV«il 


BOSTON  TO  THE   H003AC  TUNXEL.    Route  26.     177 

Beyona  Fitchburg  and  W.  Fitchbnrg  the  line  soon  reaches  Wa^husett, 
■whence  stages  run  6  M.  S.  to  ML  Wachusett  \see  page  412'.  Westminster 
is  3  M.  by  stage  from  Westminster  CVnire  (Westminster  House),  a  lofty 
hamlet  near  Meeting-House  Pond,  Avith  a  library  and  two  churches.  Mt. 
Wachusett  is  5  M.  S.  E.  ;  and  there  are  broad  views  from  Prospect  Hill. 
This  tov.u  has  1,712  inhabitants,  and  22.5  farms.  It  was  granted  to  the 
^'arragansett  veterans,  and  settled  in  1737,  under  guard  of  ten  forts. 

At  AMvrnlHiM  t\w  Chesliifp  R.  R,  divt-r^es  to  the  N.  W.  ;  anrl  a  short  branch 
nins  3  >r.  N.  K.  to  Ashburnhatn  {Central  Hotel),  a  ])re*ty  hi,i;hland  hamlet  near 
NaulieiL'  I'.nid  and  Brown  Hill,  with  -J  churches  and  several  faiitoriea.  5-6  M. 
N.  is  Bit.  Watatlc  (1,847  ft.  hijrli),  which  gives  an  iiiiiiiense  view,  including 
Vaduisett,  Moiiadiioclv,  the  White  Mts.,  and  liundreds  of  lakes  and  villages. 

Tlie  train  runs  S.  among  bold  hills  to  Gardner,  where  it  crosses  the 
Boston,  Earre  &  Gardner  R.  R.  ;  and  at  Baldioinsville  it  crosses  the 
Ware-River  R.  R.  Occasional  views  of  Mt.  Monadnock  are  gained  on 
the  N.  From  Royolstnn  stages  run  N.  W.  4  M.  to  Hoyalston  Centre 
Oloore's  Hotel),  a  pleasant  hill-village  in  a  farming  town  of  1,300  inhab- 
itants. The  line  now  follows  Miller's  River  S.  W.  through  the  hills  to  the 
liright  village  of  Athol,  where  it  meets  the  Springfield,  Athol  &  North- 
eastern R.  R.  (Route  76).  Station,  Oranje  (Putnam  House),  a  pro.sper- 
0U3  and  pretty  village  in  a  hill-girt  glen,  in  a  town  of  2,497  inhabitants, 
withy  churches  and  a  soldiers'  monument.  To  the  N.  E.,  over  the  hamlet 
of  N.  Orange,  are  the  bluff  TuUy  Mts.     Stages  run  to  Warwick. 

Station,  JVcHchU,  whence  daily  stages  run  4J  M.  S.  W.  to  IVeiukll  Centre,  on  a 
I  ridge  ilia  fariniufj  town  of  500  inhabitants  ;  also  i-"^  M.  S.  W.  to  Lock's  Village. 
HOT  which  are  the  3It.  Mineral  SpriiiKS  (suiinner  hotel),  hi;^hly  etticient  in 
Idiseiisi's  of  the  blood  and  nerves  ;  also  (j  >[.  N.  to  IFfo-i<;i(;A' (Warwick  House),  a 
|liiea.siint  old  hill-town  with  H  chundies,  a  library,  and  a  soldier.s'  monument  (to  27 
jdtad).  Over  it,  on  the  N.  W.,  is  Mt.  Grace  (1.62S  ft.  hiyh),  wliich  commands  a 
llrcadand  .sjilendid  view.  It  was  named  for  Grat:e  Rowlandson,  who  was  buried 
|htre,  while  the  Indians  were  leading  the  Lancaster  people  into  captivity,  in  1676. 

Btyond  Erving  (Erving  Houoe),  the  train  crosses  Miller's  River  thrice; 

Ifnd  intersects  the  New-London  N.  R.  R.    Lake  Pleasant  {Lake-Pleasant 

^Ime)  is  a  new  summer-resort,  patronized  by  Spiritualists,  with  steam- 

|i"at,  bath-houses,  militar}'  bands,  200  cottages,  &:c.    Beyond  Montaytw, 

fie  train  crosses  the  Conn,  and  Deerfield  Rivers,  amid  romantic  scenery. 

iGreenfield  {Mansion  House,  American  House)  is  a  beautiful  village 

|tuated  on  broad  intervales  near  Green  River,  and  not  far  from  the  union 

[the  Dcerfield  and  Connecticut  Rivers.     It  bears  a  pleasing  air  of  rural 

npHcity,  and  is  a  favorite  summer-resort  on  accoimt  of  its  attractive 

pvirons.    Fronting  the  public  Square  is  a  handsome  sandstone  church, 

|e  Town  Hall,  Post  Olfice,  and  Court  House.     The  soldiers'  monument 

ppies  tlie  centre  of  the  Scpiare. 

Hie  John  Russell  Ctitleri/  Co.  is  at  Turner's  Falls  (branch  It  R.).  Here  5  -  600 
p  are  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  table-cutlery,  whicli  Is  superior  to  that 
Tnt'tfieUi.  The  works  turn  out  annually  about  300,000  dozen  table-knives,  and 
W  dozen  of  r  liscellaneoua  cutlery,  using  up  500  tons  of  steel  ;  150  tons  of 
Vi^itifl  gvanadiUa  wood  ;  30  tons  of  rospwoorf ;  50  tons  of  ebony  (from  Mada- 

8*  "      L 


r- 


i 


'I 


.\ 


178    Route  ^n.    BOSTON  TO  THE  HOOSAC  TUNNEL. 


BOS 


i!  '' 


gascar)  ;  20  tons  of  elephant's  tusks  ;  25  tons  of  emery  (from  Smyrna) ;  200  tons 
of  grindstones  (Nova  Scotia) ;  lo  tons  of  brass  wire  :  2,000  tons  of  coal ;  26,000 
bushels  of  charcoal :  and  IJ  tons  of  wax.  The  admirable  and  ingenious  rncclum- 
ism  used  in  these  worlds  is  worthy  of  note.  There  are  also  laanufactiucs  of 
woollen  goods,  carpenters'  tools,  &e.,  in  the  town. 

The  Bear's  Den  is  a  dark  ravine  with  a  snnall  cave,  a  short  distance  S, 
E.  of  the  village,  and  at  the  S.  end  of  Rocky  Mt.  The  PoeVs  Scat  is  on 
Rocky  Mt.,  and  coniinands  a  pleasing  view,  embracing  the  villages  of 
Greenfield  and  Deerfield,  the  fair  intervales  of  the  two  rivers,  and  a  great 
circle  of  hills  surrounding  all.  Arthur's  Seat  is  a  lofty  hill  S.  W.  of  ti;e 
village,  commanding  a  view  of  the  villages  and  rich  intervales  of  DeeilielJ 
and  Greenfield. 

Deerjield  (see  Route  24)  is  about  3  M.  S.  of  Greenfield.  The  Coleraiiu 
and  Snelburne  Gorges  are  much  visited,  and  in  Lei/den  there  is  a  re- 
markable water- worn  cut  in  the  slate-rock,  10 -15  ft.  wide,  and  30-60 
ft.  deep,  known  as  the  Leyden  Gorge.  Pretty  cascades  are  found  near 
this  place,  and  formidable  hills  tower  over  it.  The  Coleraine  Gorge  is  a 
deep  and  romantic  dehle  cut  by  the  waters  of  the  Green  River.  Tlio 
road  to  the  S.,  over  the  level  meadows  of  the  Deerfield  River, 
and  through  the  ancient  village  of  Deerfield,  is  a  popular  and  pleasant  | 
drive. 

4-5  M.  N.  E.  of  Greenfield  are  Turner's  Falls.  At  daybreak,  on  a  May  morning 
of  1676,  Capt.  Turner  and  180  colonial  soldiers,  alter  a  long  forced  mnrcli  lij 
night,  attaclied  a  r^owerful  force  of  King  Philip's  insurgent  Indians,  who  were 
encamping  here  and  riothig  on  the  spoils  of  the  captured  English  towns,  Tunier 
surprised  the  enemy  sleeping  hi  their  wigwams,  and  in  the  ensuing  panic  140  of 
them  sprang  into  their  canoes,  and  were  carried  over  the  Falls  and  lost. 
were  shot  or  cut  to  j)ieces  on  the  shore,  and  then  Turner,  having  lost  but  onel 
man,  marched  oft'.  But  tlie  dispersed  Indians  rallied  in  swarms  and  luiny  on  tin 
line  of  retreat,  and  a  rumor  spread  through  the  ranks  of  the  colonials  tliat  Kiiij 
Philip  nnd  1,000  men  had  reinforced  the  enemy.  The  command  now  brol:c  upiij 
panic,  and  Cai)t.  Turner  and  38  men  were  killed,  besides  many  wounded  m 
stragglers  who  were  cut  off.  The  Rev.  Hojie  Atherton,  who  was  prcf-ent  in  fdj 
canonicals,  was  made  prisoner,  but  the  Indians  were  struck  with  such  awe  ai ' 
presence  that  they  speedily  let  him  go.  Capt.  Holyoke  led  the  reniuiiiit  ofi 
force  back  to  Hatfield.  Alter  this  ulow,  says  the  old  historian,  "the  cmnn  w( 
down  the  wind  apace."  Many  years  later  the  town  of  Bernardston  was  gnintf 
to  the  veterans  of  tlie  "Falls  Fight." 

In  1702,  a  dam  and  canal  (3M.  h)ng)  were  built  here,  to  aid  in  the  nnvifration 
the  river.     In  1860,  the  Turner's  Falls  Co.  bought  700  acres  near  the  lulls, 
out  a  city,  and  built  a  curved  dam  1,000  ft.  long.    The  fall  is  30  ft.,  and  a  walej 
power  equal  to  10,000  horse-i)ower  has  been  developed  by  two  canals.    Sever 
manufactories  have  alieady  been  started  here,  and  prophecies  are  heard  of  a  " 
ond  Lowell.     "  During  high  water  the  roar  of  Turner's  Falls  is  heard  from  six 
ten  miles."    Dr.  Hitchcock  calls  this  Fall  a  miniature  Niagara.     "  They  ar* 
far  the  most  interesting  waterfalls  in  this  State,  and  I  think  I  may  safely  say 
New  England." 

Dally  stages  run  N.  E.  from  Greenfield  3J  M.  to  Factory  Village,  opposite 
ner's   Fails  ;  and  OJ  M.  to  (Hll,  a  small  liigliland  hamlet  near  the  (Jduiieitil 
River.     Also  10  M.  X.  (tri-weeUly)  to  Leijikii,  in  a  land  of  mountains  aiidi."""n 
Also  daily  N.  W.  by  Cireenlield  Mt.  to  /i.  Skdburne  (0  M.)  and  Coleraine  (iO . 
Gainos  liotcl),  a  luity  sheep-raising  and  tlairy  town.    Stages  run  thence  W.  Oj 
M.  to  Iteath  and  lioKt,  and  N.  W.  12  .M.  to  Whittuigham,,  Vt. 

After  leaving  Greenfield   the   railroad   closely   follows   the   Deerffl 


River, 


runnin 


while  ihQ  De( 

t'le  i.    Rising 

tJie  peaceful  v 

^eeiiield,  abot 

travei'ses  the  x 

^r.  Hitchcock  ! 

fi'id  a  passage,  ; 

i^-'io  lias  strengt 

the  I'iver  is  cros> 

narrow  and  sinu( 

*•  to  Conway  [Q 

tottuon,400i„h 

won  reaches  She] 

%e  witli  over  1  2< 

""'i  soidiens-  nion 

^^^e;  and  the  surr 

I  ."Here  the  river   i 
"''out  ISO  ft  ovi,.    •  ' 

iSS'iyast^rfl 

r'oi'i.i-wrr-^? 

"  /he  dashing  Del 

;  o.se  villas,  is 

t./^«'^J)-     This 
t'  ,^-^-o»,  the  ceJeb 

'•  ^^-^  Hie  scene  o 

r  '""■"    h'l<!    nJ 

Vie-,  u„,,,.  ,f;'s  about 
•^"''  ''ay,  and  toll 


snufrj 

O  r 


^         '^^*"^l>iiiltlit.r, 
"""''^''•^^sesand 


1»  ,■ 


200  tons 
I ;  2b,OJ0 


stance  S. 
\eat  is  on 
illages  of 
id  a  gveat 
W.  of  tV.8 
if  DecrlieU 

e  Coleram 

ere  is  a  i^^' 

ami  30 -W 

,  {oviud  wai 

e  Gorge  is  a 


River, 
ftield 
and  plea^*"^ 


River, 


,rccd  luarcUliSI 
now  V>vol-.c  up"! 

»«""',"'!"' 

re  lier.vd  ol  a  T 


?ar 
ft 


may 


safely  s»5 


Im  tbeueo 
Kvs  the  D««'* 


BOSTON  TO  THE  HOOSAC  TUNNEL.   Route  io.     178  a. 

River,  running  far  S.  to  flank  Arthur's  seat,  "which  looms  up  on  the  r., 
while  the  Deerfield  Hills  and  Pocomtuck  Rock  are  across  the  valley,  to 
the  1.  Rising  on  higher  grades  noble  views  are  given  to  the  1.,  including 
tlie  peaceful  valley,  the  dark  mountain-walls,  and  the  white  handet  of 
Deertield,  about  1  M.  from  W.  Deertield.  The  track  soon  enters  and  long 
traverses  the  remarkable  Deerfield  Gorge,  a  picturesque  defile  whereof 
Dr.  Hitchcock  said  :  "  It  is  so  narrow  that  it  is  difficult,  even  on  foot,  to 
find  a  passage,  though  full  of  romantic  and  sublin;e  objects  to  the  man 
who  bus  strength  and  courage  to  pass  tli rough  it."  At  Lardioell's  Ferry 
the  river  is  crossed  on  a  costly  bridge,  and  the  old  route  of  the  railroad, 
narrow  and  sinuous,  is  seen.  Stages  run  3  M.  N.  to  Skclbnrne  ;  and  4  M. 
S.  to  Comoay  (CouAvay  House),  an  upland  hamlet  in  a  rugged  farming 
towu  of  1,400  inhabitants.  The  line  now  rur.s  N.  W.  np  the  Gorge,  and 
600U  reaches  Shelburne  Falls  (Shelburne- Falls  House),  a  prosperous  vil- 
lage with  over  1,200  inhabitants,  3  churches,  a  library,  bank,  high-school, 
ami  soldiers'  monument.  Locks,  cutlery,  gimlets,  and  bits  are  made 
here ;  and  the  surrounding  town  raises  sheep  and  maple-sugar. 

"Here  the  river,  in  a  distanf^e  of  a  few  hundred  yards,  makes  a  descent  of 
about  I'iO  ft.  over  a  in'odigious  bed  of  rock.    Tl'.e  river  roars  thronf,'h  a  channel 

,  wliicli  it  has  worn  in  the  stone,  leaping  in  two  nr  tluoe  distiiiL-t  fiills,  and  ruslies 
dowuward,  as  from  flight  to  flight  of  a  broken  niul  iiregular  staircase  ;  the  rocks 
seem  to  have  been  hewn  away,  as  when  mortals  make  a  road."  (Hawthorne.) 
Stages  run  daily  from  Shelburne  Falls  N.  to  Co^cmiite  (7  M.),  and  IVhittingham, 

Ivt.  (1!)  M.) ;  also  S.  to  AshJieM,  a  raountain  town  whiuli  iiroduces  sheen,  tobacco, 

land  wooden-ware.     The  next  towu  on  the  S.  is  Ooshoi  (Highland  House),  which 

\hi  a  m'juutain  1,700  ft.  high. 

The  train  passes  through  beautiful  scenery  beyojid  Shelburne  Falls, 
jvith  the  dashing  Deerfield  River  alongside,  winding  gracefully  through 
ie hills.    Bald  Mt.  is  passed  on  the  r.,  and  the  train  stops  at  Bnckland, 
hose  village  is  snugly  hidden  away  in  a  romantic  glen,  2    M.  S.  (Tay- 
lor's    Hotel).     This  sequestered  place  was  tlie  birthplace  (in  1797)  of 
ilary  Lyon,  the  celebrated  and  devout  teacher,  who  founded  the  Mount- 
olyoke  Seminary.     The  pretty  hamlet  of  E.  Charlemont  is  seen  on  the 
,  across  the  river,  2  M.  N    of  which  is  the  massive  Focomtack  Mt., 
ft.  high.     The  train  next  reaches  Centre  Charlemont  (Dali-ymple 
ouse),  a  bright  village  between  Bald  Mt.  on  the  N.  E.  and  Mt.  Peak  on 
eS.  V/.,  the  scene  of  the  story,  "An  Earnest  Tritler." 

This  town  has  about  1,000  inhabitants  and  3  chiuvhcs.  and  produces  sheep, 
>le- :u;.'ar.  hay,  and  tobacco.  It  was  a  str(iii,<.';ly  fortified  frontier-post  during 
Iteailifr  part  of  the  ISth  century,  and  was  attacked  by  tlie  savages.  5  M.  S. 
is  II'  HuAvlen,  in  a  rugged  and  iiictnresque  mountain-town  wliich  jjroduces 
I'le-sajur  and  wood.  This  was  the  birtiiplace  of  Jonas  King,  tlie  famous 
s:>iu!iiiry  to  .\tKens.  To  tlic  N.  E.  is  the  village  of  Heath,  with  -J  clnurhes,  sit- 
Woii  a  high  ridge,  and  commanding  a  broad  view  over  the  wilderness  of  hills. 
''I  Hurley  was  built  here  iu  1744,  to  protect  the  border-settlements. 

lie  Hue  crosses  and  recrosses  the  river,  among  savage  and  shaggy  hills, 
leeches  Zoar,  whence  daily  stages  run  N.  E.  up  the  Pelham-Brook 


\ 

■i 

■j 


1- '.. 


Ill 


:Mi  ^• 


i|i:;i^n|:fL 


; 


1 

"i 

■& 

.^s 

i;...  ■,          '     'it 

^    1 

Jhrf 


178  6.    Route  26.    HOOSAC  TUNNEL  TO  TROY. 


t  ,-f    If 


}.  :i 


<l*i: 


i 


:i  P 


Ml 


rt" 


valley  (near  the  ruins  of  the  ancient  Fort  Pelhani)  to  Rowe,  a  lofty  and 
picturesque  fanning  town  on  the  Vermont  frontier.  In  its  N.  partyj^- 
son's  Hill  attains  the  h.eight  of  2,109  ft.  Sweeping  around  througli  a 
wild  and  desolate  region,  the  line  soon  reaches  the  Hoosac«Tunnel  sta- 
tion, whence  the  old  stage-road  ascends  tlie  mountain.  The  costly  cut- 
stone  faqade  the  W.  end  of  the  tunnel  is  approached,  ajjd  the  train 
advances  into  .he  intense  darkness  under  the  Hoosac  Mt.  (see  i)age  155), 
Soon  after  emerging  on  the  W.  side  the  bright  town  of  N.  Adams  appears, 
overlooked  by  the  massive  peaks  of  the  Greylock  chain. 

N.  Adams  and  Williamstown,  see  pages  151-157.  Beyond  N. 
Adams  the  train  runs  down  the  Hoosac  Valley,  near  the  river,  with  bold 
mountains  on  either  side.  Blackinton  is  a  small  factory-village,  as  is 
also  Chadbou  leville,  which  stands  close  to  the  Williamstown  station 
(whence  the  college  is  Ij  M.  distant,  on  the  1.).  Greylock  Hall  is  next 
seen,  on  the  r.,  near  Dome  Mt.  ;  and  the  line  swings  to  the  N.  W.  aroiuid 
Clarksburg  Mt.,  with  the  massive  Berlin  Mt.  on  the  1.,  and  enters  the 
State  of  Vermont.  Puvmal  station  is  2^  M.  S.  of  Fownal  Centre 
(Union  Hotel).  The  line  now  liends  around  the  Petersburg!!  Mt.,  on  the 
1.,  and  runs  on  to  A'.  Pownal  (Eldreil's  Hotel),  in  an  old  mountiiiu-town 
wliich  was  early  settled  by  the  Dutch,  and  in  1762  by  the  aggressive  | 
New-Englanders.     Mt.  Anthony  is  seen  on  the  r.,  miles  away. 

At  Petersburyh  the  Harlem  Extension  11.  11.  crosses  the  present  route; 
and  the  train  then  runs  through  the  long  manufacturing  district  of  H»\ 
ick  and  Iloosick  Falls,  situated  on  llie  valual)le  water-power  of  llie  river. 
In  this  town,  near  the  Walloomsack  River,  the  Vernionters  defeated  liiej 
Hessian  army  in  1777  (see  page  186). 

At  Iloosick  Junction  a  branch  line  diverges  to  Bennington,  Vt.,  6J  M.  E.   Eagiel 
Bridge  (Dalton  House)  is  in  the  midst  of  i)leasant  scenery,  and  here  a  l)i:;:iclir 
railroad  iliverges  to  Rutland.     At  Johnsonville  anotlier  branch  diverges,  niiii.ii'S| 
15  M.  N.  across  Cambridge  and  Easton  to  Greenwich,  a  prosperous  factory-viilit 
on  the  Batten  Kill. 

Beyond  the  manufacturing  town  of  Schaghticoke  (3,125  inhabitants),  V.\e  Ic 


leaves  the  Hoosiok  Valley  and  crosses  the  water-shed  to  the  S.  W.  Noble  vit«l 
over  the  Hudson  Valley  are  obtained,  with  the  Kayaderosseras  Mts.  on  tlie  N  ^ j 
and  tlie  '  le  Helderbergs  on  the  .S.  W.  Itanslnghure  (Ainericitii  y/iiiw)i*f 
mnnufacturing  town  of  C,37'2  inhabitants,  where  oil-cloths,  bi  iislies,  iiiul  mil 
o':lier  iirticles  are  made.  Just  across  the  Hudson  is  U'aler/ord,  also  oceui'inl 
factories. 

The  train  ne.xt  runs  down  througli  a  populous  district,  traverses 
ragged  suburbs,  and  enters  the  city  of  Troy  (see  page  350). 

The  Boston,  JToosac-Tunnel,  and  Western  Railway  runs  from  N'of| 
Adams  over  substantially  the  same  route  as  the  Troy  and  Boston  Ym^ 
far  as  Eagle  Bridge,  making  connections  at  Petersburg  Junction  withi 
Lebanon-Springs  R.  R.;  at  Hoosac  Junction  with  the  line  from  Alh«j 
and  Troy  to  Bennington  and  Rutland;  and  at  E;ic:le  Bridge  with  the  roi 
from  Troj'  to  Castleton  and  Rutland.  From  Saratoga  Junction  a  bniij 
runs  to  Saratoga  Springs  direct,  by  way  of  Stillwaier  and  Saratoga  1 


^f  Mechanici 
Albany  to  Sa 
^est  Shore,  i 


26. 

^'le  (rain  le^ 
Boston  (0  Filch 
^''le.siiire  R.  jj_ 


^esfmi. 


nster,  S. 


Prm  Winchenc 

;,  "'  P^-^si"g  aci 
i^dnarcJ  i'aysoi,,  | 

f "  '^  '^^  sa.ne 
;">^<^  frame  wa.s  r 
^'•e  >vorkmen  cl.ii, 
P^''  of  Jaffrey  is  jj 

:;^';"?^-'S6ft.abov 
^1.50  a  day 
['""'Wouseandretu,' 

;;;»n'iNUf.)  ^J 

'!'■  J-afayette,   w] 
'y  is  on  the 


\Hi 


ri'ii 


«3).    Tro 


The 


^'■a'n  on  the 
r«;«"d  enters 
'fouse , 


Nest 

C/ies//ire\ 
y  '"  ^773  for.  ,iJ 

'.y^^  "Piand 


°n  Central 


and  a 


which 


Square 
*i"e  prosr 


iVty  aud 
^)avt  Jil- 
ivougli  a 
anel  sta- 
>stly  cut- 
the  tvain 
)agc  li>5V 

geyond  ^• 
viUi  Ijold 
[uage,  fts  U 
UVfft  sUition 
[liiW  is  next 

ffnal  Centte 

tlie  aggv^ssive  ] 

present  route, 

strict  of  i/'* 
erofli>eviv«.| 

s  deteateii  tUl 


H'S 


JUS  factov 


Mts.  «»' 


MONADNOCK  MT. 


J?vM<c  ^6".      179 


At  Mechanicsville  the  route  crosses  the  D.  and  H.  Canal  Co.  R.  R.  from 
Albany  to  Saratoga;  and  at  Rotterdam  Junction  it  meets  the  New  York, 
West  Shore,  and  Buffalo  K.  K.  for  the  West. 


26.   Boston  to  Burliiigton  and  Montreal. 

The  train  leaves  the  Fitchburg  station,  on  Causeway  Street,  Boston. 
Boston  to  Ficchburg,  see  Koute  25.  'I'he  cars  pass  on  to  the  rails  of  thft 
Clieshire  R.  R.  at  Fitchburg,  and  run  by  the  stations  of  \V.  Fitchbury, 
Wtst minster,  S.  and  N.  Akhburnham,  and  Winchendon  (see  page  413). 

Filchbury  to  Ptfeiboro. 

From  Winchendon  the  Moiiadnocl;  R.  R.  runs  N.  17  M.  to  Feterboro, 
N  H.,  passing  across  the  luke-studded  town  of  Riniltje,  the  birthplace  of 
Edward  I'ayson,  D.  D.,  and  Marshall  P.  Wilder,  'station,  Jaffrey,  in  the 
town  of  the  same  name,  wiiich  lias  an  ancient  church  (now  secularized) 
whose  frame  was  raised  on  the  day  of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill  (1775). 
The  workmen  chiimeJ  to  hiivc  heard  the  cannonading.  In  the  N.  W. 
1  part  of  Jaffrey  is  Monadnock  Mountain,  with  its  high  and  rugged  top 
jrisinfr  3, 186  ft.  above  the  sea.  (Stage  from  Troy  daily,  to  the  Mountain 
\UMse,  $  1.50  a  day ;  S '.)  a  week,  —  round-trip  tickets  from  Boston  to  Moun- 
Itain  House  and  return,  $4.50,  —  a  well-kept  hotel,  whence  steep  path  to  the 
[summit,  1  M.)  An  extensive  view  is  enjoyed  from  the  summit,  embracing 
IMts.  Lafayette,  Washmgton,  Moosilauke,  Kiarsarge.  Ossipee,  Belknap, 
IWatatic,  Wachusett,  the  Berkshire  Hills,  and  the  Green  Mts.  (see  page 
]413).   Troy  is  on  the  Cheshire  R.  R.    Peterboro  (see  page  413). 


[lot,  tvavi' 
50). 


vses 


i 


lvu"S 


from 


Ind  Boston 
function 


Nvitli^l 


lline  fvom 


Aft« 


Wnction  a  "'■ 
[ud  Saratoga 


The  train  on  the  main  line,  after  leaving  Winchendon,  passes  State 
[.ine, and  enters  New  Hampshire,  stopping  at  Fitzwilliam  {Monadnock- 
^t.  House;  Cheshire  House),  a  picturesque  hill-town  with  many  ponds, 
flmed  in  1773  fov  the  Earl  of  Fitzwilliam.  Its  pre«ent  industry  is  mainly 
htred  on  quai;rying  granite.  Stations,  Troy  (Monadnock  House),  a 
binly  settled  upland  town,  with  a  stage-line  in  pummer  to  Monadnock 
It.;  Marlboro  (Marlboro  House),  a  rugged  and  unproductive  town;  and 
U^'ie  {Cheshire  House  ;  Eayle ;  City).  Keene  is  a  pleasant  city  in  the 
|uvial  valley  of  the  Ashuelot  Kiv.'r,  with  7,000  inhabitants,  8  churches, 
jiKwspapers,  6  banks,  tliL  CheRhire-County  buildings,  a  high-school,  a 
|Wic  library,  and  a  museum.  The  broad  streets  are  shaded  with  trees, 
on  Central  Square  (adorned  by  a  soldiers'  monument)  are  numerous 
Ires,  which  are  prospered  by  a  large  country  trade.    The  manufactures 


I  i 


i 


^iil/'il 


41' 


S-t.  KXT3rt^^ 


■  i    ( 


1.  tl  I 


|::^il^ 


•If 


i!    I' 


i 


I    ' 


LAKE   SPOFFORD. 


180      Routers. 

.    d  at  «eavlyS3,000,000  a  yeavncluding  leather,  furu. 

''''^Tsil^^^  the  11.  R.  P-r  \7:.:a  e  alfout^  M.  N.  of  the  Squave 
jT5ft.hi.h.   ;n;^f-:;;;f;:  /^^^^^^^^^^        a  .alr-UUc  succession  of 
and  are  much  v.s.ted       1  -  bro       ,^  ^  ^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^^,^  ,,,,,, 
ledges  40  ft.  into  u  deep  ba.m  ^^^^^ 

.  r.H«  snot  "  ^Wch  wa«  settled  under   he  n  me  ot  ^  PP^^^^^  ,^^.  ^ 
..  Kcene  is  a  proud  \\«'«JP°r^')  about  1735.     1"  .J'^^Jre  cut  off  by  the  onnny 
i^t  (^pollection  ot  nia«y  waters    ;,  ^^j.^.  outside  w^'^P    „   ^^    ^o^n  was  iiiiiii«<l 

Surry  and  Giisuw,   w  /See  page  102.) 

J^^^''^'^-  .     i.t  R  R  runs  S.  W.  to  S.  Vernon.    (See  p  b 
Tbe  Ashuelot  B.  «-.  r"  /,t„n.ps  from  Boston 

'°  Th^  1.0   1  commands  '^"'"""^^-'Zlu^  to.   Park  HIU,  the  K.v  J 

U  cove    .nd  P.c„.e  J;    •    ';,^,  ,„„,,  x.2  M.  .ro«.   *«  * 

(a«<e,^eW  //o«),  .^a„  «    ^_^^  ^^^^ 

Brattleboro  is  7  M-  &•  '•^  •  v  -        ' 

„=W  and  N.  9  M.  throng 
Passing  out  of  Keene,  the  B-V;^^- -:;--::;.ard  the  O—i 
a  thinly  settled  country.  ^^J^:,^  J,,„ee  daily  stages  run 
River.    Then  comes  E.    ^'^"'  s   ^^^^  chief  village  m  a  ricu 

S  W.  to  Westmoreland  (S^/^^'^f;^;;;;  ,,u„n.cr-visitors.    It  ^va« 
';o;perous  farming  ^^^  ^^^^.n  forays.    From  West.. 
tied  in  1T41,  and  suffered  i^^^\'''\     ^^^  i,,,^^etof  Frr,-k  Udl 
and  Depot  dally  stages  run  2'.  M.  S.   o     e         ^^^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^  _^^ 
The  t  alu  now  runs  down  on  the  ^f'''        .  b«arclinS-l>H 

j::n  reaches  ^f^^^t^^l  -^  -^-^^'  ^  .c 
of  Crowell  &  Richardson,  ^^'\''J'    ^q  i.ambiiants,  abounduig  li. 

tobacco,  and  wool,  ana  ufc,  ^  ^^    ^ 

.  A  ■    1-4Q    52  by  John  Kilburn  and  Co^  Bf  '"^  ;^  ,,.^  M 


BOSTON  TO  BURLINGTON. 


Route  2(J      Ift] 

bv  400  Frenchmen  and  Ind' 

"P  the  Indfan  shot  whTch  md  .n\^'*'^""•^^h«^  ammuni^^^^^^^^^  '''"^  The  women 
liiishands'  ffujis.  Several  ifl  ^*'"''''  *•>«  ^ouse  and  mPl^5  ♦k^"°  *«  ^a».  Picked 
v"ll«v.s.  and  the  enemv  fln  if^*'  °"  "'^  heavy  o«fP?!i«       *'"*"»  ^^er  for  their 

yea.s.and  is  one  o?tirfor''"  l"^"*"^  of  All  .Sou?f.  J^?  '  ^^f ""«'«-  was  born  at 

Con.n,o„,  .„,  several  lZa^.^::t,  ^'«*  «-„  .,.,.  Ct,  Ta  ' 
«  »  favorite  resort.     Ravin! F7rjLTjl.  ^"^*'-  ""h  '"'om  S 

^"'^  including  the  Green  Mt^     a      .       ^  *"  commands  an  exteZi.. 
Kof  the  Connecticut.       "  ^""*"^'^'  ^^^^-^^  MonadiiockraudT 

/'''  J"'e  now  crosses  the  river  anrl  «f.       .  „ 

f-e  Route  29  crosses  the  pi^e  fT.  ^'""^«  ^*"«  (««« Page  164) 
beyond  Bellows  Falls  the  line  runs  1?  w-,,-^''"'''^"''^"*  '^  the  ^fat  o„  i 
*.""Ks  tl.e  ascent  of  the  E.  slo^of  Ih^^^"'""^^  ^''''  ^-"ey>  and  soon 
-'  ^^^r^^nsme,  Chester  Zlt^^^^^^^^  ^^ts.     Stations^.^- 

'»;;«  run  to  Windham,  10  M  s  ^     r'j'  /'^°^  *^«  ^^tt^'"  «tat,Tn 
,/•  S-  W. ;  Weston,  12  M  w     L  ^^"^""'^^''ry  (Green  Mt.  House) 
Station,  Gassetts,  from  which  a'         "^"^^'^^^  ^  ^-  W.  ^' 

Kfield(7M.),;vi]l?rt  B^^^^^^^^^^^       to  Baltimore  (3  M.)and  to 
hoe^rs^Ue  (Eagle  H^ttl),?  ^^^^^^^^  cie^^ 

K    There  are  fine  cascades  on  Black  R   ^  .  ""'^^  *^°  ^'^"^^^es  and  a 

/  the  village  is  a  valuable  Zt't       ""  ^"^^'^ Cavendish), and  1  M 
N  best  African  stone   rncH  7      r^'"'^"^  "^^^^le  which  is  eauai 

o.'ton  and  New  York.  '      '  ''  '"^^^^  "^^  ^o^  decorative  ^ITst 

t;".^^"  ^«  thouUtlaf;:: ;  r::^*^^-  P--  over  the  Hog- 

f^ne-l  by  the  break-down  of  th"      T    "'  ^°"'«P"meval  lake  Ion. 

ho  Plymouth.     The  trahT.  '^*'™  serpentine  rid^e      n    i" 

h-^  the  highest  p^ut^nrCr  'T'  ^^'^^^  ^^^S 
K:-le  which  includes  V^OO  ft  "f^r".  "'"^^  ''^«  *-"^  starts  on 

LJ,         '  " ''^^-'^"'■era'l  me.  4  nSB  ft  I    L         ''  "'"*  '«  near 

[.■"■Mat,o„;  each*  2.60  per  davT,/'  f° .""""»'  and  &rd„,a 
f  .«  W.ab,.a,u.,  With  a'L^"^^;: '"   f  "i"""'  """  P'^P' """ 

-  --.«verau,.re.e,,,a,;::;;rrrrc:? 


!i 


.<  i 


J 


I     I 


li; 


1 1 


i^ 


*:^,«  -^  .f  ■,_ii:'^'^**^  ^^^ 


t.  - 


BOSTON  TO  BUBIJNOTON. 


^  •    .fine  new  bniUUng  ot  rtme,  stimtuK. 

^^^'%?ttX  lie,,  are  seen  on  t  .e  H,  1  «  *^„,„„„„„t  ,„„, 

H„ar  *e  t«"  »r  [       „,t     opposite  «'"='»";"  g  el.mch.s,  5  l».,b, 
//owe  oi  Butlaixi  ^  weekly  l»pe».  =  j,    ,„,„,,,,. 

tag.    The  town  ''^.^   '2',  V""""™'  """"""m     '™  a^ V.  A'»'to..'. 

ZT^^iZ  of  :nl;^- =-.  a.e  — 

town.  .     „  „,„v  be  mcule  from  Butiam. 

Hn^e^ons P>ea»a"t  exen..on-;j>;^^^  ^        „,     ,,  t™.   jH 
4„n  springs  are  ato^      M^        ^„  „f  g,eat  effl-'^' J"^"'.,^  J 

BntlanaBtatior.-    1  >«>»    l""  belies  ot  e"^""  ''■„„f „;«  ot  .J 
gallon,  or  235  n.ebes,  4b  e  ^^^^_^^^^^  ^(  i„„  ,  and  tn  J 

Lhe,  of  nitrogen  g.J  8='^^^^^^^^ 

alkaliM."    '■'"f'^^trt   „r^,.nyyea'»"^«"■'''V 

"-  r  T  :r    sTtM.  vlCu,-  are  -y  P^^" W-l^  a  «eU, is. 

-r:^i;::rsr^--rs;:a^| 

rrt^&a«-",t:n:e""™-'>"- »'  '"I'd 

:„d  is  visited  by  '-°;-;''^lf:;.e;  and  a  iiigW  of  ^'-^^  '     ,' J 

PiUsM^.  Th""'"",;  °  tervales  on  ^^l^.^'^l-.A 
„,  tl,estatio,y>.arf  *  Station,  Brandon  *i«"^:^,  „,„  »,»] 
quarries  in  the  "^fnnnfaeturing  village  on  tl  e  !•«  ^,,J 

V«),  a  1>""5"T  ,    ?riKS  and  2  banks.    I«  *«  ™  J 

f,571  i"'«"''t;n  *:  tX't  eompanies,  P"^"-^,, [X:  *o 


Lvucturc. 
ne  Court 
nt  ^w^W- 

lie  n\;u^A'- 
vvs  ^vU\>oul 


:e 


on  ftegrf 


.and.    cum; 

,ntam\ugi"«n 

gas,  9.0S  c^i 
V  traces  of  o-a^J 


BOSTON  TO  BURLINGTON. 


Route  26.     183 


lint 

iVS 


oi  ^^^'"^ 


'J\\cve 


large 
[iheve 


art' 


quarries,  producing  common  and  fine  statuary  marble  and  lime.  Va.st 
(inaiititi(;s  of  bog  iron  ore  are  found,  which  is  easily  melted,  and  yields  45 
jier  cent  of  soft  gray  iron,  adapted  for  cannon,  car-wheels,  and  other  cast- 
ings rp(|niring  great  strength.  200  tons  of  manganese  are  sent  hence  to 
iiiarkct,  principally  to  Europe.  In  view  of  this  mineral  wealth,  ami  also 
of  the  rich  crops  on  the  intervales  and  the  abundant  timber  on  Ihe  hills, 
Sir  Charles  Lyell  said  of  Brandon,  "I  have  yet  to  see,  either  in  Europe 
or  America,  a  spot  containing  srch  a  variety  of  uniipie  and  valuable  sub- 
stances placed  by  nature  in  juxtaposition." 

Two  curious  caves  are  in  the  limestone  ledges  1^  M.  E.  of  the 
village. 

Steplioii  A.  Douglas  was  born  at  Brandon,  April  23,  1813.  He  jcanie  a  lawyer 
in  tiie  Stato  of  Illinois,  and  arose  rapidly  to  high  honors.  Ho  was  a  Congressman, 
H4:i-7,  and  from  1847  until  his  death  in  1801  he  was  a  U.  S.  Senator.  He  was 
iiunliJatf  (if  tlie  Democratic  i)arty  lor  the  Presidency  in  1800,  and  was  defeated, 
tliotij,'li  ifieiving  a  larj;e  popular  vote.      He  was  the  author  of  the  "  Poi)ular 

I  Nivcreignty  "  doctrine  (that  the  people  of  tiie  Territories  should  decide  as  to  the 
aJiuissiou  of  negro  slavery,  without  the  interference  of  Congress).     He  favored 

Itlif  poaccalile  annexation  of  Texas  and  Cuba,  was  actively  conservative  in  the 

Islavery  ((iiestion,  and  supported  the  Government  against  the  rebellion  of  the 

ISoiitlieni  State.". 

Sta|,'f's  run  from  Brandon  to  Siitlhnry,  8  M.  W.,  and  to  Lnlr.  Ihinmore,  0  M.  N. 
From  hciceMcr  Juncllnn.  a  brancli  railroad  runs  W.  across  the  farmiu'^  towns  of 
|II'/ii/iii(/,  Sliorehnni,  and  Orwdl  to  TlconderoKa  (17  M),  Crown  Point,  and 
Port  Hiiuy  (see  Route  53).     This  road  crosses  Lake  Champlain  on  a  lony  bridge 
^lear  Fort  Ticonderoga. 

Station,  Salisbiiri/,  3-4  M.  W.  of  which  is  the  beautiful   Lake   Dun- 
ore,  wliich  is  about  5  M.  long  and  is  environed  by  hills.    Its  clear  waters 
ire  00  ft.  deep,  and  abound  in  fish.      Moosalamoo  Peak  towers  on  its 
ore  to  a  height  of  nearly  2,000  ft.  and  overlooks  the  lake  and  the  sur- 
muling  country,  while  there  are  rich  lake-views  from  Rattlesnake  Point. 
'liner's  Cave  (on  Moosalamoo)  and  the  Lana  Cascade,  E.  of  the  lake, 
often  visited.     Lord  Dunraore  visited  this  lake  (about  the  year  1770) 
,  wading  into  its  crystal  waters,  poured  a  libation  of  wine  into  it,  saying, 
Ev.T  after,  this  body  of  water  shall  be  called  Lake  Dunmore,  in  honor 
tlie  Earl  of  Dunmore."     The  scenes  of  the  romance,   "The  Green 
witain  Boys,"  are  laid  in  this  vicinity.  On  the  W.  shore  is  the  *Lake- 
nmore  House,  which  accommodates  100  guests  ($8-  15  a  week), 
iddlebury  {Addison  House,  80  guests,  .$10.00-12.00  a  week)  is  a 
■>onie  village,  situated  near  a  considerable  fall  in  Otter  Creek.     It 
-ome  manufactures,  but  its  princi;  al  product  is  marble,  of  fine  quality. 
Portland  (Me.)  Post  Office  is  built  of  t'  's  marble.     Besides  4  churches 
a  bank,  the  village  contains  the  Addison  County  Court  House,  and  is 
seat  of  Middlebury  College.    Tliis  institution  was  incorporated  in 
'iiud  had,  in  1871,  7  instructors,  65  students,  and  a  library  of  11,000 
es.    It  has  three  large  stone  buildings  on  an  eminence  near  the 
'";  and  is  under  the  care  of  the  Congregational  Church. 


\\ 


ad'H 


ave 


I -Ml 


1^ 


1   ! 


•»:■  *• 


ai^o 


ill  \  'S' 


t       V 


r  I 


.'|m'„!1i 


I'. 


VERGENNEa 


184     Routed.  t,eofarichfamN 

Sr^^/S-V-^  .^,^  ;„,  ^„„  „.,^  (K«  Have.  H<^n,n-  K.^ 
a4.„+;nrm    CroofcOTWe  ana  i»«^'  ataces  run  to  brisioi  \b  ' 

Stations,  iii  marble  quarries,     bt^vge^  ^^j^j.^^. 

^    V        ^r  roen  Mts.  are  seen.     SUgos  ais  ^^^  ^^^^^^^..^  p„j 

(lacks  and  (^it-en  .v.,.,,„s  //ouse),  ,       ,^  ,  „  r^ti^an  Allen, 

Station,  Vergennes-Sm^^        ,^,^^^  ^.^^  ^^^,  ^^^^T'"  J  Vm  fvo."  th. 

r.    nV  has  dciM)  water,  and  is  na<^o'  ^  miproved  lor  w 

Creek  has  an  i  descent  of  37  tt.,  amv  ..       j^i,^  coiimmmls 

Vergenncs,  ^vluoh  ^'^^^^^^^^^^  is  rich  and  P^-^^^'f^'^^^^,  ,,  .vand- 

eur  and  sublimity  ^'^'^'^^J  ^     ^^^  ,,ere,  coverivg  28  acres  oi  ^ 

Beyond  V.vg="nes  .to  1">«*'';.^      ,,j  facing  to«„sJ.  ".  II 

has  two  pretty  lakes. 
Burlington,  see  pase  -I-"'- 


27.  EtttOand  to  Bennington. 


V,.  ..  B.an,n.ton  ^S^S  ^^^''^ 
i„,i..  ro..  from  5^-„^°°\'ii;„  rouw  is  to»8  V"*.'" 

?S'!,?Sr.inS.s.t.i^ro.'«''  0'«"«°»"'-  ,^,  Clarendon  SprmP 

'°';.iion, «,.«--,  «^f ;:rr  "he  to,,  of  »v»«..«/'' 

ley  by  a  mountain.     It^e 


e,  »  M  ; 

IV    ^^'" 
,d  accom- 

rood  i"iO. 

,han  A\k«. 
t  from  t\>^' 

-83.    OUcr 

ed  for  vJaW- 
,»dcoui"wndj 

t\aiAtic. 


no*' 


RUTLAND  TO   BENNINGTON.         Route  27.     185 

stations)  near  the  lofty  ridge  called  the  White  Ro(!k8,     Station,  Mt.  Ta- 

biyrand  Danby,  between  two  rugged  hill-towns,  so-named,  the  former  of 

whi(;h  has  less  than  500  inhabitants  on  23,376  acres  of  land,  much  of 

whi,;h  is  on  the  summits  of  the  Gr«ien  Mts. 

Stations,  N.  Dorset  (  U'us/iintjton  Jfotise),  K.  Dorxet  (Wilson  House). 

riie  line  runs  thmui^h  a  valley  between  the  (ircen  Mts.  on  the  K,  and  the 

marble  hills  of  the  Taconic  system  on  the  W.     Mt.  yEolus,  the  highest 

peak  of  the  latter  chain,  has  large  marble  quarries  on  its  E.  slope. 

Mailih;  was  llrst  quarried  here  in  ITS."),  and  now  tliore  arc  02  >;niigs  of  saws  nin- 
niii;;  licni  ami  in  Maiicliester,  sawinj;  750,000  ft.  yearly.  ()\fr  aoo  ([uarryinon  iiro 
iiniiloycil,  and  tlio  Dorset  marble  is  sent  to  every  part  of  llie  U.  H.  and  Canada. 
niKMiiiairy  pmduces  the  Italian  marble,  so  called  from  its  resemltlance  to  that  of 
Carrara.  The  snpply  is  inexhanstible,  and  the  stone  is  toiuid  in  itarallcl  strata 
1-6  ft.  tliick,  separated  by  thin  seams  of  f)tlu'r  rock.  Sometimes  '20  of  these 
strata  are  found,  one  above  the  otiier.  On  the  S.  of  Mt.  yEolus  (formerly  called  Dor- 
sot  Mt.)  is  a  remarkable  cave  containinj^  f>  chambers  and  several  lont;  i)assagC3  in 
the  riK'k.    Its  innermost  room  is  60  ft.  high,  and  has  many  stsilactites. 

The  line  now  follows  the  valley  of  the  Battenkill  to  Manchester 
[* Equinox  House,  open  June  to  Dec,  a  large  and  first-class  hotel. 

This  is  a  quiet  and  beautiful  village  at  the 
tee  of  Mount  Equinox,  and  is  much  visited  in  summer  on  account  of  its 
pure  air,  picturesque  environs,  and  tine  fishing.  The  village  sidewallis 
are  of  iiiurble  from  the  inexhaustible  (|narries  on  the  mts.,  and  the  prin- 
cipal buildings  are  Burr  Sen\inary  ami  the  Bennington  County  Court 
iHnuso.  ML  Mollis  is  5  M.  N.  and  Stmtton  Mt.  lies  to  the  S.  E.,  near 
liicli  is  Slratlon  Gap,  a  I'omantic  pass  which  has  been  reproduced  in  one 
if  Duraud's  best  paintings.  A  road  has  been  constructed  to  the  house  on 
e  summit  of  Mt.  Equinox,  which  is  3,700  ft.  above  the  sea.  From  this 
ak  a  view  is  gained,  which  includes  Greylock,  chief  of  the  Berk- 

ire  Hills,  on  the  S.,  and  the  remote  Catskills  on  the  S.  W.  On  the  S. 
f.  is  Saratoga,  with  parts  of  the  Hudson  Valley  running  N.  to  Lakes 
orge  and  Champlain,  long  reaches  of  which  are  visible.  Mt.  ^Eolus, 
illiugton  and  Shrewsbury  Peaks  loom  \\\t  in  the  N. ;  Asnitney  is  in 
e  N.  W.,  and  far  beyond  Stratton  Mt.  (S.  of  E.)  is  the  dim  blue 
|ne  of  MoiKidnock.  Skinner  Hollow  is  a  deep  amphitheatrical  gulf  on 
|«S.  of  lupiiiiox  Mt.,  whicli  lias  a  profound  cave.  Equinox  is  a  corruption 
tlie  Indian  name,  Ektvanok.    The  Battenkill  was  the  Indian  Oiiilawa. 

lie  flret  meeting  of  the  Vermont  Council  of  Safety  took  jdace  at  Manchester, 

'ylj,  1777,  and  ordered  the  assembly  of  the  militia  to  meet  Buryoyne,  wlio  was 

rdiiiif,'  on  Albany.     1,400  men  gathered  hero  under  Stark  and  Warner,  and 

fMV^d  until  the  Hessians  advanced  on  Bennington,  vrhen  they  marched  down 

txat  them.     (Among  the  best  New  England  liistorical  romances  are  "The 

11  Mountain  Boys  "and  "The  Rangers,"  by  Hon.  I).  P.   Tliomiison.     Their 

'I'^aiu  liiid  iu  ttiis  part  of  the  State  during  the  Revoliitiouary  era.) 

i:^e.s  run  E.  to  tlie  mountain-towns  of  Pent  and  ]yinhall. 


Lrendon  SpTU^Sj 


la! ion,  Arlinjton^  a  diversified  town  in  which  are  West  and 

IMts.,  several  small  caves,  and  a  blowing  spring.     The  State  seal  of 


u 


Ir 


-■iNfl'^i 


I    '     ! 


Itjiiiii  11  "■[ 


186    Route  27.        RUTLAND  TO  BENNINGTON. 

Vermont  ha<l  its  origin  here.    A  young  Englisli  lieutenant  was  courtinj 

an  Arlington  girl,  and  one  day,  while  there,  he  engraved  on  one  ot  (iov. 

Chittenden'u  horn-cups  a  picture  of  a  cow  and  pine-tree  and  harvested 

grain,  being  a  view  from  the  W.  window  of  the  Governor's  house,    'a 

Allen  saw  this  engraving,  and  adopted  the  device  lor  the  seal  of  t'lc 

State. 

7  M.  N.  of  Arlinjjton  1h  Sitmhjntc  Xntch,  a  rcmnrkiitile  i)aHSiip'  t.lirnu}.ii  the  solid 
rock,  TO  ft.  liij,'li,  HO')  ft.  lonj,',  iiikI  less  tluiii  I'-'  ft.  wide.  Thin  jmas  i.s  u.scd  bya 
liighwiiy.     Stages  run  from  Arliii|,'t()n  to  Saiulgate. 

Stations,  Shaflsbury,  S.  Shn/labury,  N.  Bennington,  and  Bennington 
(Putnam  House;  Stark  House),  a  pretty  village  in  a  glen  800  ft.  above 
the  sea.  It  has  4  churches,  the  county  buildingH,  a  bauk,  2  weekly  paprr^, 
and  tine  graded  schools.  The  town  has  6,500  inhabitants,  and  is  the  cliiif 
manufacturing  place  in  the  State,  making  knit  underclothing,  etc.  A  char- 
coal railroad  runs  one  train  daily  8  M.  N.  E.  to  Glastenhnnj,  a  riippcii 
Mountain  town.  Old  Benninytun  Centre,  of  Kcvolutiouary  fame,  is  a  quiet 
hamlet  1  M.  distant. 

Here  stood  tlie  (;!d  Catamount  Tavern  (biiniPd  in  1S71),  wlmso  si;,'ii  -.vas  a  stiiN 
wild-c  t  on  a  pole,  j;riniiiii^  IliMiely  towards  \i!\v  Vor!<.  Tlie  Vermoiit  ('cuiiiiilif 
Safety  used  to  meet  liere  and  make  plans  to  defend  tiie  State  a.^ain.st  the  ilniiiH 
of  New  York  and  tlie  armies  of  the  king.  Ethan  Allen's  house  adjoliieJ  the 
tavern. 

Mount  Anthony  is  2  M.  by  foot-path  from  Bennington  (4^  M.  by  roal 

From  the  tower  on  its  summit  a  beautiful  *  view  is  afforded,  including  j 

most  of  S.  W.  Vermont,  Mts.   Equinox  and  ^Eolus,  Greylock  in  Ptrk' 

shire,   the  broad  Walloomsack   Valley,   several   prominent  Adirondatlij 

peaks,  the  Kayaderosseras  Mts.,  the  Helderberg  range,  and  the  remot<| 

crests  of  the  Catskills.     Prospect  ML  is  often  visited. 

Stiiges  run  on  the  great  southern  highway  across  the  State  to  Brattlclwro. 

Henuington  was  settled  in  17G1  by  Mass.  people,  and  was  named  in  lionnrfj 
Bcnning  Wentworth,  Governor  of  N.  H.     For  00  years  it  wus  the  most  iitipiiljnr 
place  in  Vermont,  of  whieli  it  now  is  the  fifth  town.     Soon  after  its  settl(ii!fiil 
the  territory  now  occupied  by  Vernumt  was  transferred,  by  royal  cdiet,  tiom  tli( 
jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire  to  that  of  New  York.     The  title?  of  the  scttlff 
to  their  lands  were  rendered  null  and  void,  and  it  became  evident  that  tlioy  iii'i 
either  repurchase,  abandon,  or  defend  tliem  against  Now  York  and  tlie  kin:,'.  T!i 
sturdy  pioneers  determined  on  the  latter  course,  and  their  well-orf-'aniztil  re; 
ance  left  the  territory  in  a  sfcite  of  anarchy  until  the  outbreak  of  the  llevulutii 
The  headquarters  of  the  anti-New- York  jiarty  was  at  Bennington,  ami  \\(i<' 
1777,  was  established  a  dctiot  of  military  supiilies.     Fort  Ticonderoga  w:i.s  titi 
by  an  expedition  from  this  place  (177u),  ami  wlitu  Burgoyne's  royal  iiniiyw 
marching  on  Albany,  he  sent  Col.  Banme  with  the  Brunswick  Dra^'oeiis  aiiilj 
mctley  swarm  of  Canadians,  Tories,  and  Indians,  to  capture  Benniii^tuii.  J" 
force  (about  000  men)  met  J.iieut.-Col.  Gregg  and  200  Vernionters,  and    'ruvetw 
back  until  Gen.  Stark's  brigade  moved  up  from  Bennington  (5  M.  distant).  B"" 
now  halted  and  threw  up  entrenchments  on  a  commanding  hill,  and  Stiik 
camped  near  by.     After  two  days'  skirmishing.  Stark  was  joined  by  a  I'to'i'"" 
from  Berkshire,  which,  with  the  ;{  N.  II.  regiments  and  IIerri(!k's  l^''"fe'^''''V| 
him  a  force  of  1,800  men.    (3n  the  day  before  the  battle,  Parson  Allen,  '^f  '*| 
shire,  said  to  Stark,  "General,  the  people  have  been  too  often  called  out  to^ 
purpose.     If  you  don't  give  them  a  chance  to  fight  now,  they  '11  never  tum 
again."    "  You  would  n't  tum  out  now  while  it 's  dark  and  rainy,  would  y' 


MM  Stark     «• 
f '•"•''.  "if  tho 

'"7,  ti„.  .i,„,  ,, 
t/H-  rod.,,,,,f,,  ■' 

:.■;"'"-"■  su.;; 
^'' ":!t:;,- 


pff '■'>"«,  Centre  J 
^'H  and  W.  ji„f, 


I '"'•'«  St;(toN 


""i'>PiN  „;    '^'^''atta 


if 
^'miiil, 


oil 
ui'ar  tJi 


^"e  batti 


e  site  of  tiiel 


RUTLAND  TO  ALHANY. 


Hmte.tS.     187 


I  of 


aiaingtou 

.  ^^.  by  voaAl. ' 
\ocU  ui  P^* 
lud  t\ic  refflou 


■„,,toiv  I 


•  lyove 


Mid  Stark.  "Well,  no,  not  just  now,"  answered  tlio  Parson.  "  Well,"  nnswerod 
.st.irk,  "if  the  Lord  slioiilil  once  more  ^ive  ns  sntiMhino,  If  I  don't  ^ive  you  flKlit- 
in:,'  enoii;,'li,  I  "U  never  nsk  yon  to  turn  out  again."  On  tho  morning  or  Aug.  16, 
1777,  till' Aiiitriciin  militia  were  drawn  out,  and  three  detachments  were  .sent  to 
att.uk  tilt)  llos.sian  rj^lit,  and  ri^'ht  and  left  re.ir.  "See  there,  men  !  then'  aro 
tli(>  rod  ((ints.  Met'ore  night  they  are  ours,  or  Molly  Stark  will  he  a  widow," 
itii'il  tSti'irk,  as  he  led  his  men  to  the  attack.  The  Indians  lied  lietween  the  cmi- 
viT-'iti'.;  coliunns,  and  the  Tories  soon  gave  way,  Itut  the  (ieiin;in  soldiers  f<Might 
witli  tii'ir  swoi'ils  wlien  their  ammunition  had  given  out,  and  only  Hurrendered 
wiii'ii  riivelopeil  l»y  Hujieiior  numbers.  The  action  lasted  lor  two  hours,  "  like  ouo 
(iiMtiuiii'il  clap  of  thunder,"  and  scircely  had  the  victnrs  begun  to  rest  when  (-'ol. 
ItiiviMii!!  came  near  the  Held  with  a  larg<'  reiuforcennMit  for  Haume.  Fortunately 
Waiiiii's  Wrmont  regiment  had  just  arrived  on  the  Meld,  and  tho  valiant  Worner 
(will)  li;id  been  am  mg  the  foi'cmost  in  tlie  battle)  led  them  against  the  eiuMuy. 
Tiif  otliiT  citrpn  were  soon  hurried  to  their  support,  and  Hreyman  retreatp<l  at 
smiii't.  -IWl  of  the  enemy  were  killed  and  wounded,  70t»  were  made  prisoner  <, 
and  1  caimiui  were  taken.  The  Auu'ricans  lost  about  L'OO  ^or,  according  to  Htark's 
rt'iiort,  70  killed  and  wountlcd).  The  JUtli  of  August  has  oecu  observed  as  a  lioli- 
il.ivat  Hi'iiniiigton  ever  since  the  battle. 

I'rma  lleimiiigton  to  New  York,  tho  trains  run  in  9-12  hours,  by  Leban<m 
Spriii;.'s  (see  llouto  'iH),  Chatha.u  Four  Corners,  Croton  Falls,  and  White  Tlalns. 
Tiaiii.->  to  Albany  in  4^  -0  hours. 

28.  Railand  to  Albany. 

Via  tho  Rensselaer  and  Saratoga  R.  R.  in  101  M.     Fare,  $3.05. 

Station.s,  Centre  Rutland  (near  which  the  river  is  crossed  at  Oookiii's 
F.ills),  and  W.  Rutland,  with  its  great  inarbk!- works.  Stages  run  heiico 
to  Clarendon  Si)rings  (see  page  182)  in  4  M.  ;  fare,  75  c.  Station,  Castleton 
^{Bfmpscrn  Ilmse),  a  pretty'  village  on  a  plain  near  Castleton  River,  which 
jliasaState  Normal  School  and  five  churches.  Tliere  are  v,f.rMe  and  slate 
[quarnes  in  this  vicinity,  also  works  for  preparing  rvarbleized  slate,  an  ex- 

k'lit  imitation  of  marble.  100  men  aro  engaged  here  in  making  white 
jsoaiistone  slate-pencils,  300,000,000  of  wliich  are  made  yearly.  At  W. 
psileton,  1,000  billiard  beds  and  2,000  mantels  of  slate  are  made  yearly, 

Excur.si()n.s  may  be  made  from  Castleton  to  Lake  Bomoseen,  4  M.  N. 
This  Lake  is  8  M.  long  and  1  -  2.^  M.  wide,  and  is  lined  on  its  W. 

Iwrewith  marble-mills  and  slate-quarries. 

I  jM.  N.  of  Castleton  is  Huhhardton,  where,  near  the  Rapti.st  ehurch,  is  an  obe- 

F  near  a  ilagstatl",  wliich  marks  the  battle-field  of  July  7,  1777.     As  soon  as  the 

|ntish  kiciw  that  St.  Clair  had  evacuated  Ticonderoga,' Gen.  Frazer  was  sent  in 

rsiiit  i)f  liim  with  a  small  force  of  light  infantry.     The  American  rear-guard 

[MwiiipDsed  of  3  thin  regiments,  one  of  which  retreated  as  soon  as  the  action 

fiiiiia'iKed.     Frazer  attacked  the  regiments  of  Warner  and  Francis  with  700  men. 

jieminibcrs  were  about  equal,  and  the  fight  was  long  and  desperate.     At  last 

'  B^irnn  lliedesel  arrived  on  the  field  witli  his  lirunswickers,  anil  the  American 

^  iviMv,  broken.    They  lost  3-24  men,  including  CVd.  Francis,  who  fell  at  the 

P'l  iif  Ills  regiment,  while  the  British  loss  was  1S.1.     The  bones  of  the  slain 

plipil  on  the  battle-field  in  the  deserted  town  for  7  years,  when  they  were 

pd  near  the  site  of  the  monument. 


m 


Butland  and  Washington  Line. 

Poultney  {Poidtney  Hcnise  ;  Beaman's)  is  7  M.  S.  of  Castleton,  on  the 
fland  and  Washington  Railroad.     The  line  passes  through  a  region 


i       *'■ 


■  .•^"^.\''^'-'-*-~^'*^f^'*iJi''^ 


1     • 


BOSTON  TO   MONTREAL. 


188     Route  29. 

•*•  •n».i-o  where  Horace 

for  both  sexes.    Amoiv  i"  „nd  Lake  Bomoseen.     LaKe  oi- 

'  ^.towu  spring.  a.a  8  ■l;^^-^';,'^  ,  i„„,  ,„d  have  beco,.e  a  ,»r  ■ 
Ce  springs  .re  mah>ly  ■■"i;'*'''^:*  I,,,,,,,,,..  iOO  guests;,  .  .»0  a  >>* 
lar  resort.    The  Montvert  Hotel  »<'""„.  ^„;<,,  •„  the  v.c.n.ty. 
;"o  a  «eek.    The  V.«ey  Ho-  »  ^^^^^^  ™sa>oj.  „';»-«  5 

Beyond  P<.».tne,y 'he  glKorSi"  stoppios  «'  th.  ^«™- 
»eSVu"Ar •  *  .__  ,,,_^  .,„„„  i,  at  ny<le«l^  ^f^ 

Bevond  Castleton  the  ""' ■"""   "'"  s".,„,„,  Fairhaveu  (P."*  '  « 
hS,  ..'>■«'<>»'  °'  :-°''lTrr   ";hthelre;.srad,ate.  Vas.an,- 

Da  iv  stages  run  N.  to  the  farmu.g  to«ns  ^,^^  ,,,,^      „, 

m"     n  L  shore  of  Lake  C  -nj-- J^  \    L,,  „arts  for  Tloou  er., , 

SSt,:C;';oSehaU,see«o.e.3. 

^.Boston  to  Uwe^Co.o.a.aHo..e.. 


;:i:|; 


mont  Central  Railroads. 


"""      ~  IV,   mont  Central  RaiiroauB.    ^stance. 

Ld  then  runs  N.  W-  tUroug  ^,^^,,J 

— a.,e..es-npe.^^^^^^ 

?S  Coie^ralrorrnivUu.  schoo.  (fonnaea,  «»., 


■*;■  •( 


?|;' 


MIDDLESEX   FELLS. 


Route  29.      189 


lorace 
,.    T\ie 

atbeme 

ftt  Uw  tool 
fihorn,  and 

anie  a  popu- 
j2.oOaiUy, 

iiUy. 

,  the  border '0 
Vast  amounts 


.(W 


own* 

uxd  Benfon  ( 
Wne  vea^l«^ 


ov' 


.    to  MonW'^;' 


instructors  and  70  students,  a  library  of  20,000  volumes,  and  the  Goddard 
CImpel,  a  low  blue-stone  edifice,  with  memorial  stained  windows,  and  "  the 
oiil\'  true  Lombardic  tower  in  America."  The  Middlesex  Fells,  an  uiiin- 
lial)ited  tract  of  far-viewintf  stony  hills,  cliffs,  gorges,  ravines,  and  tarns, 
"of  wonderful  picturesqueness  and  wild  and  rugged  beauty,"  cover  the 
N.  part  of  Medford,  and  are  crossed  by  ancient  grassy  cartways  and  dim 
jiatlis.  Spot  Pond  (see  below)  is  its  centre,  over  which  rises  Bear  Hill, 
^\lll)^e  steep  N.  face  is  Clieese  Rock,  so  named  by  Gov.  Wintiirop. 
Tine  Hill  and  Taylor  Alt.  are  in  the  Western  Fell,  S.  E.  of  Winchester. 
Tlie  Maiden  Cascade  (lUO  ft.  high)  is  near  the  Lynde  mansion  (built 
in  11140).  The  Fells  may  be  entered  from  ^Melrose  or  Stoneham;  or  b^- 
Summer  St.,  from  Maiden;  or  by  Forest  St.,  from  Medford.  The  nesirest 
way  is  by  the  Hoslon  and  Maine  11.  U.  to  Stoneham  Centre,  whence  hor^e- 
cars  to  Marble  St.,  near  Cheese  Rock.  The  tract  covers  six  sq»iare  njiles, 
"The  White  Mts.  in  miMJature,"  and  may  become  a  State  park. 

Tlie  railroad  passes  along  Mystic  Pond,  near  which  lived  Nanepashemet, 
"the  Moon-God,"  an  early  sachem  of  the  Mass.  Indians.     He  was  killed 
in  battle,  about  IGl'J,  and  buried  in  his  fortress  here.    Winchester,  with 
its  pretty  villas,   is  in  a  town  of  5,000  inhabitants,  with  manufactures 
(chiefly  oC  leather)  reaching  over  $2,000,000  a  year.     A  branch  line  leads 
thence  to  Woburn  (Central  House),  a  town  of  12,000  inhabitants,  with 
annual  manufactures  of  .'j?  6,000,000  (leather,  shoes,  glue,  &.c.),  a  line  sol- 
diers' monument,  a  very  handsome  library,  and  7  churches.     From  J'J. 
Wohuru  a  branch  runs  1  M.  K.  to  Stoneham  {Central  House),  with  6,000 
inhabitants,  and  $2,500,000  worth  of  manufactures  (shoes  and  leather) 
annnally.    On  the  S.  is  the  rumaniic  Spot  Pond,  surrounded  by  hills,  and 
U3  ft.  above  the  sea,  studded  with  islands,  and  covering  283  acres.    It 
was  found  and  named  by  Gov.  Winthrop,  in  1632. 

Stations,  N.  Woburn,  Wilmington,  Billerica.     The  latter  station  is  in 
an  extensive  fanning  town.     Tewksbury,  2  M.  N.  of  the  station,  is  the 
^  seat  of  a  large  institution  for  the  State's  paupers.    Shortly  after  leaving 
1 N'.  Billerica  the  line  crosses  the  Concord  River  and  enters  Lowell. 

Lowell. 

Hotels. —The  Merrimafi,  American,  and  Washington  Houses  are  the  cliief 


Pawtucket  Falls  was  a  favorite  fishing-place  of  the  Indians  until  their 
Ifxtiuction,  and  was  often  visited  by  Eliot  and  Gookin.  In  1826  a  town 
fas  set  off  here,  and  named  Lowell,  in  honor  of  a  Newburyport  gentle- 
ton  who  introduced  the  cotton-manufacture  into  the  United  States. 
p  Pawtucket  Canal  extends  from  the  head  of  the  Falls  to  the  Concord 
►I'er  l»ilow  the  city,  and  furnishes  an  immense  water-power,  having  a 

^  of  33  ft.  To  obviate  the  trouble  caused  by  an  occasional  decrease  of 
I'i'ir  in  the  Merriniac  River,  a  large  dam  has  been  built  at  the  outh.'t 
''^ike  Winnepesaukee  (commenced  in  ISU)).     The   f\nvtucket   ('au..;I 


VL 


H 


'it 


% 


ir: 


'■'1i  T. 


V  I  ■ 


190     -R^^^  ^^' 


LOWELL. 


|*'4 


fS 


*  ijl 


Ind  the  Massachusetts  MiUs.     i  he  m  Merrimack  St. 

It t  AoweU  carpet  Hm-- -  ~  ^  .  .  .^.OOO-^ 

Tooir'rneT'  The/  use  -"'^^^ftS   38,000  ton^^.f^rffi,  10^^6,000  yard, 
133  000  gallons  of  oil,  1,800  tousmQ^  yards  of  cottoncio^.  j  ,^ose ;  and 

»1;n\      They  pvoduce  an""*VynrnPt\nE  120,000  8h!iwl3,  l^-'^'r^^'o^ manufactories  of 
:ftUen'^3!500,000ya.dsof  cari^U^  '.^.^^re,^^^^^^^^ 

ViZr-  the  fartory  system  ™,f '' ™",|„i  almost  entirely  by  Irrt, 

X.e  city  ha,  6^000  '^^^^^^^  „„a  4  of  Odd  Fellow.  ,,,„^ 

„„es  of  .hops,    on  tins  b«  t  -    .he  1^^^^         ^„  g.  .-^rTor.   *•    "' 
aWe-looking  ".W»coi>al  «""*  ^Mlesex  County  (^""^h  was  org™ 

toriesofLoweiny    g^«^<^^^  J 

a  magic  castlP  ou  the  snow  ,      .      „  at     and  turning  to  the  1.. 


BOSTON  TO  MONTREAL. 


M»  and  tie  canai  en(™„  -SWe  ».     191 

"'I  "ere  killed  dunW  »      '"  '""'"■«'«'  »<>  the  6lh  m!T    t-'"  ^"""8 

»f  victo,,,  b,  ,L",tL«  d  or  ""^  """■'"-«  ™r.  tCe  rf^ 
;::t;x~,  .0.,- :;— s-^ «-.  *  rrt,: 

-"" ''-"..g  Lowell  M,M-      ,  "■'"■=■"■'«  against 

,      ^"'^'^s  m  a  fall  of  JS6  ft    i»,f    •  '  **  ^  ^^^^  of  $528  nnn 

It  has  been  neshct^,!        ,  /<3"  ".,  but  since  the  era  of  .  -7      V    '0*^' 
ftook  Railroarl  o^      '.     '^  ''  "°t  used.      At    Y  %  ?        ''''^^''''  ^'Stm, 

^W..-.^  soon  Xr  wLh  -r"  ^'^'^^  ^^^^^f1  "^T  ^°- 
ilampshi-e     A  .i.o..  ,  "°'««s  the  State  Jin.        ,         ^^f'''  «* 

J.iene.tt8,alioni3H».h„.,,   ,  *" 

f"  King  PidiipTC      ,""."■""""  '™»  "-'""«1>  v.,s  ,et-,e,     ' 
''""Weeding  eonfliet,      C    .  ^  ""'''*''')'  <'<"'<>"J«I  thml't.Tl 

^>a,shua  IS  a  pleasant  city  (U  000  fn     v  -1  ''  ^'"'''*n^«  »  "ty. 

C /--  '.«ve  .en  -./;'teri^f:r- - 

K.Y-"'^'- !^™'r,:r«:?  ™ '"» ''-'- «'«.  fro™ 

pi  am  fall  nf  ^a  e,      r^,  "^?'  ^^  it.  av  de   qiul  is  ^-j.    i 

hluue    ver  2  00  oo^'':."^^"'^"^  Manufactu   ^g' Co  and"   tf"'  "^*'  ^ 

W-^ecl  paper     no  r'""'f-     "'  '^'^"  ^''^  «»g--l  i       '?"  "^^^^^^ 
hltN'To  '  -^-'^  "'en  niake  locks-  75  mniJ/  '^'""-  ^"^'"^^^ 

■     ^''^  Underl.ill  Edge  Tool  Co   us^s  joo  ,      "^f '^  ^^"ttlas  and 

'"'  ^^^  *«»«  of  iron  and  steel 


■  tii 


?!    iff 


f^ 


I  p- 


•  '  I 


i» 


BOSTON  TO  MONTREAL. 


102    FiOuie29  hvjo^^^^    --  _ 

a„»a«r,  the  V..e  mU  -- f  ^t,  tt'S'  -  Vsi::  ■». 
Nashua  Iro„  Wovks  -— /'%",,'S^,  the  goods  already  me„fo,K,l, 
4,000  tons  of  coal  each  ie"-  j        ;„  carpets. 

Nashua  produces  yearly  30  0     , ar         ^^^^^^  0050^.  «'» 

BSrN^^h'at  l='rB;'U%Pashua«oc.,ester. a,.a ^^o,.  .. 

Ifaskua  to  ^yum■  ,,^,,„„„. 

3  M.  from  the  station  (staest     .^^  .j^ade-trees.  ^arragansett  War,  and 

nlain   i  M.  square,  and  "17"  ^.     veterans  ot  ^^f^^^nder  in  tlie  Cow[W.X 

^"is  town  was  gran^«*l,,*°„f  S    ^.^i^erst,  the  cou.  nan  er  in  ,,,,;„„  ;„ 

was  rnmed  in  17G0  '"l'«"^;\^\ue  Continental  Anny,  '^W'7,.^^,\;iU,er,st  viUu.', 
Tf  Canada.     "  sent  1-20  n'e"  to  tuc  t'^V"^'''^f  the  minSrs  trade  in  ro>ai- 

1775  was  larger  tnan  n  1870.  ^^  ^y-^^.  He  l«""^f'i  „\^^^  ^'e nt  t,>  ^''^  ^'"'■^''  .'""l' 
Horace  Greeley  ^^'if  .^'{^tj/and  l^ith  year,  <^'}\f'TYflerycffcrsonian,  Lo^OM. 
rTev  VtM  hetween  his  lotn  an  .       ,^^j  _j^rg^  1  orur^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^   ^,,,.  „„„t 

Started  several  parers  («  e/^°'|!,^  '>i''''"'\r  if  ^nd  Soeated  the  aholitujn 
In  1841  lie  f""'}^^^  ,V.f  the  New  York  newspapers  an^^a^  protection  (hy  tav.t ) 
powerful  and  spinted  of  the  P^t  ,       classes    and  thtp  n.easuves  ol 

S  slavery,  «>e^eeva^-^th^^_  Oredey  geuer^y  supp..rt      ,,     ^ing  jv  u>o 


I'e  '^'^^I :  ;"  es     Mr.  Greeley  gf.Y«V«7-2  aithot>gl»    favoring   a   u 
.inistratipn.  ^ He  w.^  "om  ^      pemoenatu^^  Come  ^^^^^^_ 


Z  Sed^an  nianufactures. 

?LXiKucan  party/-- 

extended  "'""f  f^:,..i  tlie  Republicans  yn  "^^'iTJ  camUdate  lor  H'e  i  ■"'■■■  •;,•,,  i 
wlikli  seceded  tvom  tne  >v  i  „|„,„ated  as  c™"'"      y    (;„„veuli"n  •" '" 

Grant's  admi|dstr;.t.on.    ll?;„';f„„„t-,.  and  by  U,e  DM-o'J^J^a,  and  ..».,,  ata 

rrouttV'o^i'j;?%v^i«r^frhis'^^^^^^^^^ 

:--S.S?^cad;.s  or^«-Ss^n^;S^  t.e  M.r,e,^ - 


.cad.ayatMt^v.u|;»'fS.?£!^ 

^/;iL  Vi[ton  (Everett    House),  a    v^p^uies  other  dairy  pi ouucxs,  .j,^,„,i 

Station,  tK  I"""'  A  ,,riA  gallons  of  milK.  "*"\"„,      ^ninmer  resort  (.2^  '""^'   p^,,);! 

Mouadnock  Mt.,  auu  ^j 

Statics  (on  the  n,ah.lW,T^'""*-^'^ 


aense 
I,  iuu\ 


Wilt""' 

vn  is  i^'^'"'' 

de  in  l'';>'l>- 
York,  NV  >'■>;■ 

;,{   t\»e  "".'^^ 
the  ai.oUt>on 

measures  '! 
Liberal  \>a  t  ■ 

veuii-nalH 

nuauyoH^l' 


MANCHESTER. 


Haachester. 


Route  29.      193 


ic, 


Hotels.  —  Hotel  Windsor,  Manchester  St.,  S2.60;  Manchester  House,  Elm  St.; 
Cit>  ilotfl,  Elm  St. ;  Anioskeug  Hotel ;  Merriuiac  House. 

f  Ills  city  was  settled  early  in  the  last  century  by  conflicting  colonies  of  Scotch 
Pnv-lntorians  and  Ma.xsachusett8  Puritans.  For  7C years  from  its  settlement,  Derry- 
Ik'lil  i;is  it  w.is  then  called)  had  neitlier  a  minister  nor  a  lawyer,  nor  did  it  send  any 
of  its  joutli  to  college.     The  larRo  fisheries  at  the  Falls  attracted  the  settlers  here. 

In  is.31  there  were  less  tlian  100  residents  Here,  but  at  that  time  tlie  Amoskciig 
Miitiufacturing  Co.  bought  the  laud  E.  of  the  falls,  and  laid  the  foundations  of  a 
);ri<iU  city,  which  numbers  over  40,000  inhabitants,  with  a  valuation  of  about 
!j  10,00.)  ,000. 

Manchester  (40,000  inhabitiints)  is  the  most  populous  city  in  New  Ilanip- 
fliiic,  and  is  built  on  a  broad  ])lain  uoar  tlie  Merriiijac  River.  Elm  Street 
is  its  principal  thorouj^bfare,  and  is  100  ft.  wide  and  over  a  mile  long. 
Public  sqiiaiv^  wiih  ponds  enclosed  in  their  limits,  have  been  laid  out  in 
difforeiit  parts  of  tiie  city,  and  among  the  churciies  may  be  noticed  the 
I'liitaiiun,  on  lieccli  St.,  the  Catiiolic  and  the  Episcopal  on  Lowell  St., and 
the  Convent  and  Church  of  St.  Ann,  on  Morrimac  St.  The  City  Library 
contains  about  20,000  volumes,  and  there  are  2  dail}'  and  4  weekly  news- 
papers. The  com|)act  lines  of  tenement-houses,  near  the  factories,  were 
built  for  tlie  operatives.  Tlie  best  streets  are  out  of  sight  from  the  rail. 
road,  in  tlie  E.  and  N.  of  the  citv,  and  have  many  tine  residences  and 
jKiblic  houses.  A  grand  view  is  given  from  Shirley  ilill,  0  3L  out,  and  a 
summer-resort. 

The  water-power  of  Manchester  is  furnished  by  the  Blodgett  Canal,  built 

inlSlG  around  the  Amoskeag  Falls  on  the  Meriimac  River.     These  Falls 

!i?ve  a  descent  of  47  feet,  with  rapids  above,  and  in  high  water  they  afford, 

tvcii  now,  a  grand  sight.     The  Amoskeag,  Stark,  Aniory,  and  Langdon 

Mills,  and  the  Manchester  Print  Works  are  located  along  the  canal.     The 

.\moslu'ag  Co.  has  10  mills,  with  171,000  spindles,  employing  5,000  hands; 

and  38-40,000  bales  of  cotton  are  consumed  yearly  in  the  factories  of  the 

ciiy.    Manchester  has  18  c, lurches,  45  schools  (with  G,GOO  pupils),  4  banks 

I  a.id  4  savings-banks,  and  several  halls  (Smythe's  and  Music  Halls  are  the 

[best).    A  r.nc  opera-house  was  built  in  1880. 

The  Print  Works  employ  2,400  persons,  and  prof'.nce  nearly  2,000,000  yards  of 
|(kh  yeiily  ;  the  Stark  Mil's  employ  1,300  hands,  11,000,000  vards  yearly,  valued 
|at$ 2,000, 000  ;  the  Langdon  Mills,  500  hands,  5,000,000  yards  yearly  ;  tlieNaniaske 
IMilU,  55  2,000,000  yards  ;  the  Manchester  Locomotive  Works,  325  men,  1561ocomo- 
Itivts  yearly  ;  hosiery  mills,  1-10,000  dozen  \vmy  yearly  ;  aud*tlieie  are  manufac- 
|torles  uf  axes,  tiles,  paper,  eastings,  carriages,  etc. 

Lake  Massabesic  (*  Massabesic  Ilmcse,  100  guests,  $  2.50  a  day,  $  10.00 
weelt)  is  4  M.  E.  from  the  city,  on  the  Candia  road.  The  Portsmouth 
';>ilroad  has  a  station  near  the  hotel.  The  Lake  is  4  M.  long,  and  is 
fm- irregular  in  outline,  having  31  M.  of  shoie,  with  some  beaches  of 
'ti'e  sand,  while  lamierous  picturesque  islets  dot  its  surface.  The  Fairy 
„    £\s  Fc''''!'^">''o  and  a  curious  sulphur  cave  (Devil's  Den)  are  often  visited. 

9  M 


(.; 


l:'i 


^liU^I 


!     \\ 


II' 


m^ 


194     Route  SO. 


BOSTON  TO  MONTBEAL. 


x:   w   10  M    passing  the  stations, 

The  Manchester  and  K;Vc"'«  ^^,,,,^  ^^^yr^^'VoXtS^^'  ^-  ""^«  '••"!" 
•    "  ""*"'^''"-  V"^...'      ThK  Concord  and  1"1^»"'"h  v.  to  Lawreiue  ie 


'liie  ill. iiiv ..«--- 
Bclford,  <^""Stni^n«"towu. 

'20  M. 


;i  Mills,  R'^>™;;;{S^"i-t8inouth  R.  R.  ^ns  from 
The  Concord  ^^^{l''^^,,,  s.  E.  to  Lawreu.c  >n 


in<:lie3ter  w  i-- 

M.  .     V  g  the  train  passes  M.ivtin  s 

'"  Affpr  leaving  Manchester,  on  the  main  im  ,  ^^^^^  ^,^. 

.^"ailrUs  at  Hoo^settM.-J^^^^^^^^^^ 

fover  aching  the  station  tlieMmm^^^^  ^^^^^^^.^^  ^^,^^y,,,,  ^   ,,- 

Siis  village  is  the  seat  of  cotton  fa^^^^"^  considerable  .-ater-rowcr  from 
inglO,000,OOOhviclcsayear)  and  aenv  ^^^  ^^^^^^  .^  ^  ^^^^^  ^^W 
16  ft.  falls  in  the  river.    T     ^J  T'-  ^^,,,3  summit  a  good  v  ew  of 

Up  of  rocks  called  Pinnacle  ^^^- '  ^'"""^  ,^  .^^ar  pond  which  has  no 
t  ^uTy  is  gained.     At  its  hase  .  a     -^^  ^  ^^  Massachusetts . 
,       \^  t-      oniiq  town  ison  tne  rchuvci         o  His  son  aiul  sue- 

visible  outlet,     ihis  to^vi  pennacooks.     Hi"  ^o" 

Passaconowav,  the  great  S^^^^^^^^f  Jt^^  apostle  Eliot,  and  when  Ku.g 
!^4rWonnolancet,  was  converted  by^^^^^^         Pennacooks  to  enter  to 

Pliuip's  ardent  eloquence  had  l-^^^^^^f  .J;/ ,,,i,emdom,  and  wen    to 
iSnglish  Conjedera.01.^^^^^^^^^^^  ..omHooksett  to  ..- 

Canada  with  his   -"^^^  .    ^^  ,town  and  Pittslield  (see  ^-^^^J^^J^ 
cook  and  Concord,  and  to  Al^"  ^^  ^^^  U.nim^-,  through  the 

B,ain  line  passes  along  the  W. 

eienttownofBow,to  ^^^^^^^  ^^    3  ,0  a  day  ;  * PhcnU 

Hotels.  -  *  Eagle  Hotel,  oppo^^te  the  Sta^^^^^^^  ^^_^^^.  ^,. 

h"h    Main  St.,  ^^^  ^^^  gary  (13,000  «  v»s)  iin  St  ,  ^^., ,,. 

l.ibraries. -The  S'^^^jj^j^rical  Society  i-^%\  .  ciareniont.  5H  M- , 
umes),  School  St.  .  ^ .  H   ^  ^j  .  PorW«^l>.  W  >l-     ^^^.r,  135  M.  . 

lianroarts.  -  To  »;„ii„'borough  Bruliio,  .^-  ^f^^^,  i„t„„,  7.^  M.  W;^;  ^^J  g^^^o,, 
River  Junction,  w  -'^  >        nid.re.  lo  M.  IM.  r^- 1  "'  v        i,i„„e  overlooBing  o 

Slases  dailv  to  ^^"'^'"^^''''a' lofty  summer-resort  viU^ge^  ^^^^^,^,  i,j    ,. , 

great  regret  of  the  beiu     ^      ^f  war  with  J^^  .'-•^^^„,uies,  lived  in  stafjo^        I 

concord,  tho  capital  °' ^^^.t^-  *  "'  *.^  "'"k""  H 
.i.vof  14  000  inhabitants,  situati,aou  .^^  connocticut  Bu«.      1 

::i:!;akantfton,t,.-^»^^^^^^^^ 

»*^*'''''r  rn'^a^:"  *a.to*ec,  on  t„ese  and  th. 
avenues,     aw  « 


BOSTON  TJ  MONTllEAL. 


R(,iUe::u.    195 


.turns, 

(VL'UVf, 

s  from 
eiu'.c  in 

\\sl  ^w- 
it.  long. 
Is  (w^^^' 
,er  tvoiu 
d  T;v>igw\ 
L  viuw  o{ 
<\\  \ias  no 
;\n\seUsto 
1  aiu\  s^ic- 
^Y■llen  King 
)  enter  t\w 
;^(1  Aveiit  to 
sett  to  SuTi- 
,417).    'i'^'« 
,ugH  tUe  ^iv 


rary  (9,000  vol- 


W  and  V^«*^ 


irives  the  city  a  pleasant  embowered  appearance.  The  State  Capitol  is  ;i 
tine  structure,  fronting  across  a  small  park  on  Main  St.  It  is  built  of 
Concord  granite,  and  the  projecting  portico  is  sustained  by  eight  pairs  of 
coupled  columns.  The  State  Library  is  in  a  hall  opening  off  the  lirst 
lobby,  which  is  richly  decorated  with  the  colors  of  the  N.  11.  regiments  in 
the  Secession  War.  The  halls  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives are  neat  and  commoilious.  The  building  is  surmounted  by  a  lofty 
anil  graceful  dome,  from  which  a  pleasant  view  is  obtained. 

Tlie  City  Hall  and  Court  House  is  on  Main  St. ,  N.  of  the  Capitol,  and 
is  a  neat  brick  building,  surmounted  by  a  round  dome. 

Concord  has  •}  banks  and  4  savings-banks,  a  large  mercantile  trade,  and 
a  valuation  of  $14,500,000.  There  are  5  papers,  and  12  clmrclies.  liio 
water  supply  is  from  Peuacook  Lake,  3  ^M.  N.  W.  The  city  has  4  bridges 
across  the  Merriinac.  7  M.  of  horse-railway  run  to  W,  Concord  and 
Penacook.     U.  S.  Government  building  on  State  St. 

Tiie  State  Asylum  for  the  Insane  has  line  buildings  in  the  W.  part  of 

the  city.     It  was  founded  in  1842,  since  which  it  has  treated  over  3,500 

piitients.     Its  present  capacity  is  260  patients,  and  many  are  discharged 

yearly  as  cured.     The  State  Prison  is  on  Main  St. 

Benjamin  Thompson,  Count  Runiford,  born  at  Wobum,  Mass.,  1753,  was  long  a 
lesidcnt  of  Concord  (tlien  called  Iluniford).  At  the  time  of  the  Revolution 
(Ijcinj,'  then  a  sehool-teaeher  at  Rumford),  he  was  luijustly  suspected  of  disloyalty 
tothi'  Anieri(!an  cause,  and  was  atnioyed  until  he  took  refuge  in  the  British  lines. 
Ho  liecanie  an  under-secretary  in  Lord  Germaine's  ealduet  at  London,  and  after- 
wanls  raised  the  "  Kings  American  Dragoons "  in  New  York,  with  which  he 
.surprised  and  dispersed  Marion's  men  (178"2).  lie  was  knighted  by  King  George, 
ami  ill  1784  became  chamberlain  and  aid-de-camp  to  the  Elector  of  Bavaria. 
Here  ho  reorganized  the  army,  snpi)re  ;sed  beggaiy,  made  the  Par.i  at  Munieh, 
itiul  kc|it  the  Electorate  neutral  during  the  Franco- Austrian  War.  He  was  made 
^tate  ('(luucillor,  lieut-gen.,  minister  of  war,  count  (taking  the  title  from  his  old 
iiiMiic),  iind  head  of  the  regency.  He  founded  the  Royal  Institution  at  London, 
married  tlie  widow  of  Lavoisier,  and  became  one  of  the  leading  scientists  of 
Eurojie.  He  discovered  that  heat  is  only  a  mode  of  motion,  and  wrote  exten- 
sively on  light,  heat,  and  otiier  scientilic  subjects.  He  endowed  a  professorship 
ill  Harvard  University,  and  passed  the  la«t  16  years  of  his  life  in  scientific  ex- 
IKMiiiients.  His  daughter,  the  Countess  of  Rumford,  lived  in  Concord  until  her 
'i'Mtli,  ill  18J2.  A  tine  bronze  statue  of  the  Count  has  been  erected  in  one  of  the 
l>iinii]ial  promenades  of  Munich  (near  the  Hotel  des  Qnatre  Saisnns). 

.\libfit,  i)owning,  &  Co.'s  coach  and  express-wa-^'on  works  at  Concord  are  the 

Ki^i^st  in  tlie  world,  and  their  wagons  are  sent  to  .Lijian.  Australia,  and  California, 

l»iiilM  being  in  high  repute  throughout  the  Atlantic  States.     Hill's  harnesses 

I  (it  iiipii  in  the  work.s)  are  also  sent  to  all  jiarts  of  the  world.     The  Prescott  Melo- 

'  "iLs  have  been  made  here  since  1837,  and  a  furniture  company  uses  S  1,000,000 

Iwrtliof  lumber  yearly.    At  Fejwicoo/j  are  large  furniture-factories.    Inexhaustible 

quHTie.s  of  fine  granite  are  worked  on  Rattlesnake  Hill,  1  M.  N.  W. 

I  .!'»t.  Paul's  School  (Episcopal ;  220  boys)  has  stately  buildings,  2  M.  W.    ^  M. 

|fctiiiitis  a  monunuMit  to  so.dier.s  s'.ain  here  by  Indians  in  1740. 

TlieUirchdale-Springm  Hotel,  4^  M.  out,  is  a  large  and  modern  summer- 
llifttel,  tor  lUO  guests,  with  tlie  Concord  and  Granite  i^prings  (for  dy>i'cp.-ia,  lung 
I'roubles,  mid  di  e,i-es  of  tlie  skin  and  blood),  among  beautiful  groves,  on  higti,  dry, 
(•nlHiimly  liili.^  in  a  ric'.i  firming  country.     Nobie  views  from  Ac/fo  Hill. 

A  beiiiitiful  aiite-coloiual  tradition  of  this  locality  is  pn-.-crvt'd  by  Wuittier  in 
['The  Bridal  of  Peauacook,'  picturing  tUe  Merriuiac  valley  ceutunea  ago,  wben 


\. 


iWi 


r\ 


"  "■ilji '  Bit' 


!)■■< 


-ii 


\t^m  .i/H 


! 


]•> 


BOSTON  TO   MONTBEAL. 

'^^^(^^^^^  ^t  &el  ^as  thrown. 
Andagamstthereawa    F  „„,  onrt  the  voung 

HssH3KX£a:;tt:v.,» - 

Pa^lnfe  .h»  l"Bl.-Pl»«<l  ''^'''TT/ira*  reaches  Co»<»"~ol,  »!--■  » 
rieVand  cro,«..S  the  Octoocook,  .he  Ira, n  ^^^^^  ^^^  ^.„^^^.  „  ,„. 

r      „h  runs  to  lle«niker  (Noycs  House),  a  pj^^^.    ,i„,„«. 

rr>,M  House);  iJcwnsl^d  »dl!«  1^"™'        ,  pcterbco  (see  page  UD' 

s;  the  'H-'";:i"--»"  >^-"-T'' eliSlt-. 

Srs  and  Sunapee  ^J-^J^^^' Bradted  «v^«f  .,'Chi"Bt«.-.  •ll.v 


v\  11  .Vi^ 


,te-quar- 

Jnfif'"'"'' 
page  4V.M. 

Fiotel,  S*J" 

es,  and  ave 
rge.    'l'^«'^' 


l.ovi'- 


ige 

10  H-  ^.-  ';• 

and  6»"»V»^^' 
sS     AT" 


n,  Pi^^^^nl  V,), 


BOSTON  TO  MONTREAL. 


Route  29.     197 


siUutcd  ^^ 


is  9 -10  M.  N.  in  the  bleak  and  granite-strewn  highland  towr    f  Croydon. 

Beyond  Newport  the  line  follows  the  impetuous  Sugar  River  through  its 

glens  ami  gorges  to  Claremont  {Belmont  House  ;  Salliran  i.''mse).    Tliis 

town  was  settled  in  1767  by  Connecticut  men,  and  was  named  for  Lord 

dive's  siuunier  mansion.     There  is  much  rich  alluvial  land  in  the  town, 

and  the  valley  is  bounded  by  a  great  range  of  hills.     Claremont  village  is 

at  the  rapids  on  Sugar  River,  where  a  fall  of  150  ft.  in  less  than  a  mile 

gives  a  great  water-power.     The  Monadnock  Mills,  the  Sugar  River  Paper 

Mills,  the  Claremont  Manufacturing  Co.,  the   Sullivan  Machine  Co.,  and 

other  corporations  have  their  works  here.     Immense  (juantities  of  rags  are 

consumed  in  the  manufacture  of  paper,  500  tons  of  which  are  turned  out 

yearly.    Over  3,500,000  yards  of  cr^^*ou  cloths,  70,000  yards  of  doeskins, 

70,000  yards  of  flannels,  are  made    ^.re  "early.     Claremont  village  has  6 

churches  and  a  fine  high  school,  whic)     vus  endowed  by  Paran  Stevens, 

tlie  American  hotel-king.     Flat   .  oik,  Iwist  Back,  and  Bible  Hill  are 

visited  by  those  who  summer  he:  e,  while  irom  Green  Mt.  a  fine  view  of 

the  Coiiu.  valley  is  enjoyed.     Ascu    ey  is  10  M  N. 

2  M.  from  Claremont  the  railrcd  connects  wiih  tho  Central  Vermont.  Daily 
stages  from  Newport  to  Granthai.  Croydon,  Ooslien,  WushinjTton,  Uill.xboro,  I'j. 
Uuity,  and  Lempster ;  and  from  Cli    .munt  to  Cornish  ll'lat,  Merideu,  aad  Lebauou. 

Concord  to  White-Ricer  Junction  and  Montreal 

The  Montreal  train  passes  at  Concord  oa  -to  the  rails  of  the  Northern 
(N.  H. )  R.  R. ,  and  runs  N.  from  Concord  on  the  r.  bank  of  the  Merrimac. 
Just  after  passing  the  manufacturing  village  of  Fisherville,  at  the  con- 
fluence of  the  Merrimac  and  Contoocook  Rivers,  the  train  crosses  a  bridge 
toDuston'a  Island,  and  thence  by  another  bridge  to  the  shore.  On  this 
1  island  Mrs.  Duston,  of  Haverhill,  killed  her  Indian  captors  and  escaped. 
I  Tile  line  now  runs  along  the  broad  intervales  of  Boseawen  (two  stations). 

A  monument  was  erected  here  in  1874,  consisting  of  a  nja»siv«  granite  pedestal, 
on  which  i.s  a  statue  of  the  heroine  (7 i  ft.  hijjh),  with  a  tomahawk  in  one  hand 
|iiid  a  bunch  of  scalps  in  the  oilitfr.  Fisherville  {Peiuiaeook  House)  )ias  4 
icliiirolies,  an  academy,  library,  bank,  and  3(;0  houses,  and  manufactures  yearly 
|i|l,300,000  worth  of  cotton  and  woollen  jjoofls.  flour,  lumlwr,  etc.,  by  the  water- 

Htr  of  the  Contoocook  River.    Boseawen  Plain    {AinhroseHotel)'\»a.\t\\' 

mble  old  hamlet  on  the  Merrimac,  with  a  broad,  str.aight,  and  shady  street. 

"iietnwn  contains  1,G:J7  inhabitants.  Stages  run  W.  to  the  lofty  hamlet  of  W'eh- 
on  C'lurKer  Hill.     Bosrawcn  was  the  birthplace  of  C.  G.  Greene,  founder  of 

le "  Boston  Post "  :  Senator  W.  P,  Fessenden,  and  Gen.  John  A.  Dix. 

Stations,    Webster  Place  and    Franklin  (Webster  House  ;    Franklin 

'ouse).    2  M.  S.   W.  of  Franklin  village  Daniel  Webster  was  bom,  in 

^i    Tlie  family  moved  to   a  new  home  near  Webster  Place,  and 

afterwards  bought  this  latter  estate,  and  used  to  retire  there  to  rest. 

'Win  village  is  near  the  confluence  of  the  Winnepesaukee  and  Pemi- 

'Wet  Rivers,  which  form  the  Merrimac.  •  P  is  a  thriving  mechani- 

Tillage  of  2,000  inhabitants,  with  4  churches,  a  paper,  library,  acad- 

'Laiid  bank,  and  manufactuiiesof  paper,  flannels,  socks,  needles,  etc. 


1  m 


.  I    ■*:';? 


%_ 


',. ,' 


-I 


pi 


urmTON   TO   MONTREAL. 
,        Franklin  up  the  Petnigewasset  ^'^^  J  {  L,m 

Adoily»l»!!«""'„   ".„i„,v  Urn."),  u""'-  "»  ^-  '", 

•""  '"'\m  tmlir^.    W.''8'-">  ^■'-"^''tl^.r  Pond  a.Uk. 

quiet  hUle  Y"y,.  y^iuiuvd.,  »^tean.-Ueat,  Uv^r  (K.arsar-. 

.ounded  by  -^;;^;J..  rotter.     Sta.o.  -'J-^ ^  ^.l;,;,  2,.;i 
House),  named  (..r  tUc  m  „  ^^^^^^^     ^^j^^  ^,,,^,  a  locU  ^^^, 

Mount  Kearsarge  i^^]^^;^\  ,,,,,,*  view  iu  -^^^^^^^  ^  uue  and 
ft.  above  the  sea.         J«^  ^^^^^  ,,,i  ^^^.%'^^"..^rMts.  closing  tl. 

the  W.,  Sunapee  ^"^^^^^^^^^  ^^^,  ,,,t  range  of  the  ^^'"l^^^^,.,;^,^ 
Croydon  and  A^^^'^^''^;  Vk.  i«  C-'digau  Mt.,  -^^»  ^^^^^^^  J^.^J^iaand 

on  Its  N.  Mtie.         .  ^^^     ^t  Caaaa^  v  railway  Ua^»=l 

1  ^-^r '  r';:r4S^  between  Coueonl  -- ^^^^^^  ,,,.!.;.  >J 

^9 - ^t'       X^it     It  »^>^^  ^'^^^^  '  ''^"  Vt^env  village  o£  Cn-I 
cended  over  m)  n.  -j^j^.^^.     lh>^  P'^^  .^  I 

;  ,,ney  of  the  M-X;^^:f^^t  Pond.  ^^,^,,,,., ,.,  J. 

Street  lies  on  the  shore  ot  ,^^,,i^^n  H-.n.''c,  fj  .^  V'<'''^''''''''^^'1 

in  Enfield,  and  the  ^^^  ^^^  g„    t,^   %'J  h,  etc ).     SoutJiWorth  s  I 

\  boardiog-hou^eB  (A.  i^  ^^^  p^n j 

^^''°°"-  .  .,  -Eufield,  and  skirts  Mascomy  ^^„,e  I 

The  line  now  f  ^ers  I^ut^^^^  ^^„g,  ^n  whose  S-^^      .,,  J 

Pond),  a  beautlM  sheet  ^^^^^^^^^  people  furmsh  much      ^ 
community  of  Shakei..  I 


BOSTON  TO  MONTIIEAL. 


Jtout" 


rjn 


lf)0 


;"■,"■••':'!  "-■  Static, ,,,  i  .,:'7:!;:;;,rrf''  '"'■"■' »""  -"-w 

•  r'-    Tl"3  li»c„ow  cro»,,.,  tl,„(  :,,"■"  °"  "  '^™""'»".li..K  l.ill  t„ 
allor,li„g  Koo,,  „i„„,         and  ,  owl     ,"'"■"'  "''■'•'•""  •••"  "l-n   I,     |„, 
J"-tio„  (y„„„«,„  Z:   got,;    Tlw""''  "'"'  ""•■"  "'  ^'W'^  B  V  r 

;,';:".  ""''"-i.  wind,  „a,.e,  ::„  ^  ° ':r  r™  °" '° "-  c-.™, 

«l"-lfiverJnnc.i„„.]4M.SW  ,,„!''"""'  '''"''™<1  ■••".,  ,!„„" 

J  ^-Jorge  P.  Marsh   T7  <i   xt-   •  "'  ^""S- 

fc^^  •■on.  l.ere  n  1801     ?f?^'"'3*«''  *«  Turkey    1840    ,o        , 

f''».»"K'f..m  otiier  renmif. "I""™':-     '■C.illforui,,  ■■  "  TV,  "?  "' ''»!>  c'mw  have 

P"«'.-t  ,a„,  aL'SsciipUr  ■'■ "'«"""'« ^°*"''-ss  h:;rxf  E 

»■  '*Se  ia  aeen  ,,igh  np  on  i>,J^^,lJ,^f^^"'°"'  '»  •»«™  »mZ 


•i'^ 


■>l 


m 


-i 


^tM^M' 


'  f.n 


H 


lii' 


J.^ 


>'' .i' 


BOSTON  TO  MONTllBAU 


OOO     /i"'^'<^  '^^^  tt  born  at  Hliarou     m 


Mtnu".  >""'     V   Y  ^  the  i}<><>^  "'  *    ..iio  \uiil«'r  i"''  if"' .' ,   ,. 

.._  ,       . ,  'X.Ht  yvr\tl«  1>'»  ''"''^1^/4  whrn  tlio  wrutU  oj  U>e  .^.„„,,,  ,,i 


wiirt  Hoou  alter  hii>i«        v|,„.,uon  B\bie  wii» 

rrr<l<l'''-^'»'-^'^^t"VtM.^..>o»).  „„a^  witV  the  station  on 

became  a  prominent  Mu.  ^^^^^^^  ^T  >,    'L >ch    an-l  stored. 

Station,  5.  ^^ "^  'e  ^-^^-^^  ^-"^  '''\  ''T\SlX^-  «^"V«  ^^ 
The  river  is  now  c-i  October,  17»^>  ""'  ,  „  ..inmlerwl  ami 

station,  BetUeU^o^c  ^^^^^„l  (»vlver  p.^^.^ad  (U 

station,  i««**V  of  White  River,  «"*  «»  '^JlTmA  *'»''"'f'' 
Sutl  Vtion,  i^»«;;-. -tol':i  *» -^^^^^^^^^ 

)?„ the w. i. ••''»* :*Vatio„  (s««";;H  noa.^, * ^j_,, ^„,,,. .. 

o'hnvfl  the  sea.     -Vt /i  ■       -^  ,    y^  the  sea.  Crossing  »l 

SUUbie  -i-  -„°%*  t  high,  the  train  P-- -^   ,„„,«..] 

,     ^IQ.XSaweek,  ^'«=^  ^f^^  village   «^J^^  ^.a  i^^| 

^1     cfatn  of  Vevmoiit,  is  » ."°*        ^    Winooski  Uuer,  j 


.   V 


BOSTON  TO  MONTREAL. 


/ioute29.    201 


In 

(•(•  ()( 

rs"  1" 
Ut(\  lit 

\uiu- 

lUSrVil't 
,,.  llU.'V- 

it\ou  on 
27  o(  i^3 


in',?e 


Co""^?' 


aVton. 


Re 


towns  ^^^■i^^' 

.nil  ii"'^^'"'' '  ' 
V         .)  '340  ft'  I 

Put  4,000  U.H 


geographical    centre  of  the  State.     The  villuge   in  compactly  built,  aiul 

has  ^   banks,  3  insurance    cos.    (the   Vt.   Mutual   ha-s  $  41,(MK),(M)0  of 

risks),  6  weekly  newspapers,  and  6  churches,  one  of  which  is  a  noblo 

|)ii!(;e  of  architecture.      There  are  several  flour-mills,  lumber-mills,  and 

tanneries,   besides  which   the   village   has   an   extensive   country  trade. 

Till)  *  State  House  is  a  noble  edifice  of  light-colored  grani!»,  on  the 

site  of  the  old  State  House,  which  was  burnt  In  18.'i7.     It  si.imls  on  a 

sli|,'ht  eminence  approached  from  a  venlant  Common  by  granite  steps  in 

tern     s.     The  portico  is  suj»portcd  by  »ix  massive  tluted  Doric  coli  t  uis, 

and  under  it  stands  a  fiii'.;  statue  in  Vermont  marble  of  Vermont's  htro, 

Ktlian  Allen.     It  was  executed  by  Larkin  O.  A'ead,  t'f  Brattleboro'  (now 

living  in  Italy). 

Etl'.'ui  Allen  was  bom  at  Litehllekl,  Conn.,  In  1737.  He  moved  to  Vermont 
I  J,  and  was  outlawed  by  New  York  for  liis  bold  and  <lell.int  aetioi.  in  the 
'jo,(i(>r  feuds.  In  1776  ho  t<)ok  Fort  Ticonderoga  from  the  liritis'i,  loiter  in  the 
year  lie  iittiieked  Montreal  witli  110  men,  and  was  captured,  with  his  whole  eom- 
inand.  He  was  confined  in  I'endennis  Castle,  in  England,  for  a  short  time,  but 
was  exehanged  in  1778,  and  took  command  of  the  Vernumt  militia.  A  royal  de- 
cree of  1704  had  oonstituted  the  Connceticut  River  the  E.  boiindury  of  New 
York  (N.  of  Mass.),  and  Mass.  and  N.  H.  also  claimed  parts  of  its  territory.  But  a 
t't)iiv»Mtion  at  Westminster,  in  1777,  declared  Vermont  a  free  State.  The  Conti- 
nental Congress  would  not  ratify  this  voice  of  the  i)eople,  and  all  its  troops  were 
withdrawn  from  the  territory.  Vermont,  thus  left  alone,  was  unable  to  resist  at- 
tvks  from  the  British  in  the  N.,  and  Allen  skilfully  eondu(!ted  feigned  negotia- 
tions with  the  royal  generals,  looking  towards  annexation  to  Canada,  and  secur- 
ing mulrality  for  his  Htate.  It  was  only  in  1791  after  20  years  of  controversy, 
that  \ irmont  was  admitted  into  tiie  Union,  —  to  offset  Kentucky.  After  an 
iventrnl  life,  Ethan  Allen  died  at  Burlington  in  1789. 

Under  the  portico  of  the  State  House  are  kept  two  cannon  taken  from 
Breynian's  Hessians  at  the  battle  of  Bennington  (1777),  after  a  desperate 
striiffgle.  The  British  got  them  back  when  Gen.  Hull  surrendered  the 
Army  of  the  N.  W.  at  Detroit  (August,  1812),  and  they  were  again  taken 
by  the  Americans  during  the  Canada  campaign.  They  were  sent  to 
Wa,sIiington,  and  afterwards  were  presented  V)y  Congress  to  the  State  of 
Vermont.  The  main  building  of  the  State  House  is  72  ft.  Jong,  and  each 
of  the  wings  is  52  ft,  making  a  total  length  of  176  ft.  The  dome  is 
124  ft.  high,  and  is  surmounted  by  a  graceful  statue  of  Ceres,  the  goddess 
of  agriculture.  Tlie  marble-paved  lower  floor  is  devoted  to  committee- 
rooms,  and  a  small  collection  of  historical  and  mineral  curiosities.  In 
I  large  niches  at  the  ends  of  the  neat  lobby  on  the  second  floor  are  pre- 
sened  the  battle-flags  and  pennons  of  tbe  Vermont  regiments  in  the 
Secession  War.  What  with  storm,  forest-march,  and  many  battles,  these 
p'eteran  standards  have  lost  their  pristine  brightness  and  wholeness,  and 
h'ith  tlie  names  of  the  battles  in  which  they  were  bonie  wri^^'^en  on  them 
|"i  golden  letters,  they  are  carefully  kept  behind  plate-glass  jl"Tie  gallery 
rf  the  Senate  is  entered  from  the  third  floor.  The  halls  ■  the  Senate 
I'li'i  House  are  well  worth  visitinpf,  being  graceful  in  form  and  well 
priiamented.     Four   substantial   bridges  cross  the  Winooski   River  ia 


\iM 


m 


«l 


nmle  «9. 


WATEEBURY— STOWE. 


i\ 


202     l^uu...  ,„,,,, mage  .«..rd.  many  pleasant 

V       „nd  tUe  country  about  the  viua« 
Montpeher,  and  tue  ^^  ^^^  Suprcnie- 

objective  points.  ^v.  of  the  Ptate  "^^,0' volumes),  and  al^o 

ihe  State  l-ibrary^bmltml^^^^^^^^^  j ^fI  t  vi-t  Brigade  at  the 

Conr^.  room  on  its  ttr^    "      '         ^  immtiuii  t>t  t"« 

ihP  Hist oricalKoom,v»ith  the  gre  ^^^^^^^ 

battle  of  Cedar  Creek.  ^  (Worcester  House),  »  ;  \,     ^i  ^nd  Ogdeuslnn;; 

^'uaily  stages  to  IForc^^^^^^^^^  ,1.  n.  E..on  the  loitlan  ,,,„,,,,,    th>ny 

M:N._H?^?^^^r  Calais    10  M.  ;  _^^  „„.„„ain.  in  trout  and  otlei^.^ 


JJoi.uiked  towns  with  scores  o    s^i  aU    ^^^  ^^^  ^"„%"  e  (Pla  nUeW  Hm.s, ). 

ffily  stages  to  Marff^^l^^^ 

Beyond  Montpelier  ^--^^LTon^^ l-)  tJwinoosld  River  pass. 

mages  runs,  to  Moretown  (^  ^\'l!     '  ,*  Waterbury  House),  a  bighlau 

V  rrE^fweirioVY^^^^^^^^ 

good  roads.     IN.  J^^- "     ,  et^we  (*^1/<— ^^«"*:/^^'^*  '  ♦    howlm". 

„.„.l,  ..  m,e  view  of  'ta  """S      j  g,„„„,  „„  ,„e  »\ope  »«  ^"[^  "  ,„,„i„ 
Camel's  Hump.    "-IM-^;'  ;     ro„k-walled  ™""« "'""'' "',i, 

are  the  .«.»»  '■*»/■««•  "''^^^  Jf  Tyrolese  scenery  h»  been  8  » W 
three  metuvesiiue  basins.     Uns  wt  )  ^^^^^t  the  L.lk 

r.'ooi*™k.M.,- often  Visited. 


jr  passes 
jp,  60  ft. 

■Beyow^ 

Ampses  of 
istant,  and 
)Voac\Hnl  ^)y 

June  1,  t«' 

the  SavivUr-a 

j  a  Viv.-'y  «V 
L,,  and  UiKU- 

Torcesler  M'- 
.hicli  contains 
been  gveallv 

.  tbe  faWs  «^^ 
Leent^^eCb-n 

t  is  9  ^1-  ^'''\ 
ncav  tbe  gve* 

sc-patn    ^ 

'   h  side  to  tl« 
todc.ceuAto 

iteFace.     '>:; 


BOSTON  TO  MONTREAL. 


Mount  Mansfield. 


Route  29.    203 


This  is  the  loftiest  of  the  Green  Mts,,  and  its  highest  peak  is  4;348  ft. 
ahove  the  sea.  As  seen  from  above  Stow  it  presents  the  appearance  of 
tliu  profile  of  a  human  face,  the  S.  peak  being  the  forehead,  the  middle 
pi-ak  llie  nose,  and  the  N.  peak  the  chin. 

After  leaving  Stowe,  the  highway  is  followed  for  5  M.,  and  then  a 
mountain  road  turns  to  tlie  1.,  ascending  through  the  forest,  2^  M.,  to  the 
Half- Way  House,  from  which  a  pretty  valley  view  is  gained.  Here 
bpc'ins  the  long  and  arduous  ascent  to  the  Summit  House.  The  forest 
ilwinilles  away  until  tlie  road  reaches  the  Nose. 

The  Summit  Hcmse 
is  a  commodious  hotel  (for  100  guests  ;  $  3.50  a  day)  situated  at  the  base 
of  the  Nose,  which  is  climbed  by  a  steep  path  on  its  W.  slope  (2-300  ft. 
high).  On  the  E.  side  of  this  peak  is  the  rock-profile  called  the  "  Old 
Man  of  the  Mt."  About  2  M.  of  steady,  though  not  fatiguing  a.scent 
loads  from  the  house  to  the  Chin,  passing  over  ledges  marked  by  long 
scratches  once  received  from  rocks  fixed  in  drifting  icebergs,  which  passed 
over  the  silent  waves  of  some  shoreless  primeval  sea.  The  Chin  is  340  ft. 
hiu'her  than  the  Nose,  and  is  3,800  ft.  above  Stow,  and  4,348  ft.  above 
the  sea.  This  peak  offers  a  more  extensive  northern  view  than  that  from 
the  Nose  (with  an  impressive  view  down  the  Notch),  and  is  easily  visited, 
although  parties  who  go  out  to  it  usually  stop  over  night  at  the  Summit 
House,  thereby  gaining  the  superb  effects  of  sunset  and  sunrise. 

The  *  *  view  from  the  Nose  is  very  similar  to  that  from  the  Chin,  and  is,  perhaps, 

tbf-  Mohlost  (though  not  the  most  extensive)  in  New  England.     On  the  S.  are  seen 

Cinipl's  Hump  (15  M.)  and  Killington  Peak  (65  M.),  with  a  great  number  of  name- 

lf>.i  peaks  and  ridges  of  the  Green  Mts.     The  great  Lake  Champlain  fills  the 

Imiizoii  from  S.  W.  to  N.  \V.,  being  visible  through  the  greater  part  of  its  extent, 

witli  the  ancient  blue  Adirondacks  lifting  their  cloud-like  summits  beyond.     Tlie 

aiipareiitly  level  lowlands  of  the  Champlain  valley  are  spread  out  like  a  map 

below,  'otted  with  numerous  white  villages  (beyond  which  is  Burlington),  and 

(I'lisseQ  ;  y  many  strean:s.     The  great  grazing  district  of  the  Lamoille  valley 

strotclios  away  to  the  N.  W.  and  glimpses  of  tlie  sparkling  rivers,  the  Lamoille 

i  ami  the  Wino<iski,  are  caught  through  the  forests  and  foot-hills  of  the  Green  Mts 

Fir  ill  the  N.  is  the  St.  Lawrence  River,  with  its  valley  dotted  with  Nonnan 

1  villiijrcs,  and  on  the  N.  W.,  with  a  powerful  glass  and  on  a  clear  day,  it  is  said  that 

visitiirs  have  seen  Mount  Royal  and  the  shining  tin  roofs  of  Montreal.     E.  of  N., 

U'ly  Peak  and  Owl's  Head  Mts.  are  seen,  the    latter  rising   from    Lake   Mein- 

1  rhrcina','og,  while  still  farther  to  the  Fj.  are  Hor  and  Annanance,  the  -mountains 

[about  WiUou^hby  Lake.     Farther  to  the  r.  are  the  Percy  Peaks,  and  a  little  S.  of 

IE  the  Franconia  and  White  Mts.  are  seen  low-lying  on  the  horizon,  60    M. 

Ittistaut. 

1 M,  beyond  Waterbury,  on  the  main  line,  is  N,  Duxbury  {$  7  a  week), 
f hence  a  road  runs  to  Camars  Hump,  G  M.  S.  Tiie  road  has  been  built 
IM,  up  'lie  mountain,  and  the  remainder  of  the  ascent  is  by  a  vague  path. 
pie  best  i)ath  is  from  Huntington  (8  M.  by  stage  from  Richmond),  'i'liere 
sa  small  liouse  for  shelter  1  M.  from  the  summit.  The  mountain  is  4,08  J 
•liigh,  and  from  its  isolated  position  commands  an  extensive  view,  whose 


,  ^ 


;■ 


I  '•■ 


;if  t|: 


'h 


M  ! 


4 


cT    ALBANS. 
204      Route  29.  ^^-   ^ 


\  H 


204=      Route...  ,wMt.  Mansfield. 

The  name  Camel's  Hump  ^s  ^«      ^^^  ^^^^  ^j  ^  camel.    The  peaK 

The  line  no.  «*«»  ^^^^'tVl^ife,  whence  .U>gee  ™"  .0  ^^^^^^  ^ 

Champlain  valley,  and  tlie  co       ^  .^  ^^w  passed,  and  tn 

Mdge!  600  ft.  long,  ov.^  ^  J^^       ,;,  ,eve.al  nales,  runnmgJ..^^^^ 
enters  the  fa^mg  town  o^  »       ^^^^^^^  ^^^^  ,^e  tram  -  th^^     ^.^^^^^^ 

sss;:ssfa.s— .P^ 

trams  ''^'.f^.^J.^i  River.  ^^  ^^ieh  is  a  tall-spired 

^Tm%    o^Essex  is  Colc^^^Z:^^l^^J^^^ 

^       .M "iWs  Bay  Hotel),  and  still  farther  W.  i  ^^^  ^,^^^  ^,^, 

village  (Mai  «t^  jy  ^^.^^^  ^.^ets,  and  ^ff^jf  ^  ^^      ^^,1,,,  and  the 

^.early  landlocked  Y^"      ^^^^  ^^*"'P^^"^' '1,^^  to  Milti)^^'- 
fishing.     F«^^«tl  nld  from  the  cars  as  ^^^^^  P'^^^p^Ji/of  the  Lamoille. 
Green  Mts.  ^^^/^/."f^Ths  village  k  near  the  G^^^^J^f^^^t  in  m  ft.,  1 
Tree  Ho«3e ;  ^"^"'^'^  '  J^^^'  The  river  descends  here  ^^^^-        ^^^,,, 
7  M.  from  the  rxver  s  mouthy  i^^ber-mills.    The  tra 

Ind  affords  a  ^ater-power  for  the       ^^^  ^^  ^^^^^         ,,       at  the      ^^^  I 

the  Lamoille  River  on  a  ^^^^  f^^^^^ge  (^--^\- ^^  '  he  station,  J 
(,e<^^anrfi'W«^;j7;^^^^^^  Honse)  is  tf^jXl  School 
the  station,  and  Fairfax  (  ^^^^^  ^^^,,,^  Theolo„i 

,l.ich  ith^  a  tn-dady  stag  . ^o-15aweeV,  aA 

®*'  ^       U    a  pretty  village  of  about  7 ,000  m.  .  ^  ^^^^  p^^,e>p^ 

tca«  Ho«f   i«  a  l^«^  >  j^^  Champlam.    »^f  J  ^ .^^     3.     There  4 

elevated  plam  3  ^l;  *'^^"'  ^^  ,  good  commercial  ^'^^^      .^,,,  are  tJ 

loronghfare    and  has    e>e    1  g^  ^^.  ^^^  ^,,,  ^K,se  s^^^^  J 

neat  park  of  4  acres  m  thee  *^«  "^^^  ^,1°  a  Cl^urcb  bJ 

^^^^^^'  *':/Ctof  rctlaNorman-to.ered  EPJ-^^^^^^^      ^^,] 
churches,  the  best  o^w  .^  ^^^^  ^  CathoUc  ^^^^^^  ^ 

of  red  sandstone.     Bacic  ^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^  ,      \,tion      i"  ' 


i'«sat«i:«»»ss,-«  ■■ 


BOSTON  ,0  MO^TKEAL.  ^.,,  .,     ,^, 

occupying  over  half  a  mile  of  h,ni  i  ■  ^'' 

skilful  workmen       Th  ''""dings,  and  emplovino-  c 

'-  3  banks,  a  da  y'fnr^.nV''^""^"'-  -^    a-      Aj^f- 

a^inn-rable  school-svstenr   tI     ^  ^   "^^spapers,  6  cZche^      T^' 

ers  from  Franklin  V'  '"'^^  ^'  ^^s  liiarketihv    „  ',  ""'^^  ^" 

iuiiKim  Co.  congreeatp  in  +1         "**^*^''-"ay,  wJien   the  fnm. 

33,6-03,044  poumrtr.      '^""''^^   ^^^^  ^nd   1865  S      An       """""^  ^^"«« 
,    "St.  Albaus  i.s  a  Z  environs.  "^   "^  (appertauung 

I*™  tie  hk?,";       '  "■"""""«'  lovely  vie„      ,  R.f '  °'  "«  tillage, 

l"<l.»g  over  Grand  We  r  H      ^^  *'■'""'  ™'  '"  the  W    tC  " 

l*onJa„ks  rise   ■•„„,        .      "  *'""  ^"A  shore      r,    A    ^    '"  ''''■ 

lemavsDv  fho  f.-  ^    ,.       ^  ^^  ^^-  Lawrenpp  •  „»,  i  •        ^- ^^  scooped 

K-    van^^^^^^^  °f  Montreal."  7;i  ^  V'  '''''  '^^ 

liohtl..         f ^ ''^  ^''^a^Wn  the  N    and    To      '     ,    ^-  ^eecher.)    Tho 
f "  tlie  great  line  of  the  rr««     Jf     '^ay  Peak  lies  to  the  P    / 


Mi|   !  *  I 


;'!l*^, 


'Mil 


.'.      •   5    ' 


,A  I 


i)   i 


i 


|1  1.  '  '. 


l.ri 


-  .    .It,  -i'lli-l 


BOSTON  10  MONTREAL. 


^''^"^'^       ■  ,         tins  place  into  Canaua 

Sf\l70,  wl.en  the  Feu.ans  .c.e      P  ^    _^     ^^^^  sportsmen  catch  ^.a 


about  the  Bay.    The  ATUsisauoi  Railroad  runs  N.  L.  to 

«,  Albans  to  Rkhford.  -  The  ^p^^^^^^^;;  ,^  ^Conrjress  Hall,  125  guest^; 

->     =     Near  Sheldon  Springs  ^^^^'^l^'T^^;;.:  spring,  which  lias 

'''''  '^     ]       %  W  -   5  a  week)  is  the  famous  T^'''''^''''JZol^  ^  cutane- 

•s  2  M.  distant.  ^^    ^.ottled  and  sent  away,  for  Jk 

Falls,  has  long  bee.  -^^  J^'V.L  Ue.    T,>e  wt-  ^i^ 
tlio  latter  sprmg,  -s  a  lar  e  a  ^  ^^^^^  amount  ot  cauo 

„teon4.00«  gallons  a  lay     nl        ^^_^_^^^_^^  alkaline  salm«=^ 

w      !,rP  overlooked  h}   the  umr  terniiuatecl  on 

Xfi  an.l  "»a"«"8-'---,  ^cla  and  ,ot.ssa,  a..*  J  f 

;«i.les  carbonates  of  >'-»■  "^  e le-ent  'of  phosphorie  -.1     « 

At  Sheldon  th,s  Ime  vc^^  •_ 

plain  R.  H.,  running  to  Ma>l".^'« 


■•»-,.**<<■■ 


<■  -.  ,-• , 


BOSTON  TO  MONTREAL. 


Route  20. 


The  line  follows  the  rich  valley  through  several  farming  Jir-l  dairy 
towns,  ])assing  the  stations,  E.  Franklin,  Enosburg  Falls,  Enoshu-  ;,  and 
E.  Berkshire,  to  Eichford  (American  House),  a  thinly  populated  town, 
on  whose  S.  E.  comer  Jay  Peak  rises  to  an  altitude  of  over  4,000  ft. 

The  Sovth-Eai^tern  Railwoxi  passes  through  Ricliford,  and  is  a  part  of  the  Mnn- 
ti'p;)l  &  Ddstiin  Air  Line.  It  runs  N.  nnd  N.  W.  33.V  M.  to  W.  Farnham  (in  tlie 
pp.viiu'f  iif  Quebec),  whence  it  is  40  51.  by  rail  to  Montreal.  Toward  the  E.  it 
readit. '  Newiujrt,  on  Lake  Meniphremagoy,  in  31^  M. 


Soon  after  leaving  St.  Albans,  the  main  line  passes  Swanton  Junction, 
I  \Yhere  a  railroad  diverges  to  Rouse's  Point  and  Ogden.sburg. 

Tills  line  passes  through  Swanton.  (Central   House),  a  pretty  village  with  a 

ISf'Mier.s' iMonunient  on  its  Green,  consisting  of  a  statue  (in  Vermont  marble)  of 

[the  Goddi'.ss  of  Liberty  on  a  pedestal  of  gray  Isle  La  Motte  marble.     Swanton 

Iwas  settled  by  the  French  in  17o0,  but  they  were  crowded  out  within  a  half-cen- 

Itiirj'.    Much  marble,  black,  white,  and  red  variegated,  is  quarried  in  this  town. 

|.\fti'r  ernsslng  Missisquoi   Bay  on  a  trestle-bridge,  the  train  stop.s  at  Alburgh 

Bpriiigs  (*Albnrgh  Springs  House),  whose  mineral  waters  are  much   used   for 

buaiitous  complaints.     The  drives  on  the  lake  shore  are  very  pleasant,  and  ftsh- 

lii,'aml  boating  are  favorite  summer  amusements.     The  iieninsidaof  All)ur.i:h  was 

|i  intod  by  the  King  of  France,  as  a  feudal  seigniory,  to  Councillor  Foucauit,  un- 

Iff  whose  orders  it  was  seiiled  in  1731.     It  was  occupied  liy  loyalist  vcfughcs    .ite 

the  Revolutionary  Era,  and  in  1837  was  one  of  the  frontier  towns  fro;i)  wlndi 

^e  insurgents  in  the  "  Patriot  War"  made  their  raids  into  Canada. 

I  Passing  the  stations,  Alburgh  ami  W.  Alburgh,  the  line  crosses  Lake  Champlain 

lits  N.  end  on  a  long  trestle-bridge.     Fort  Montgomery  is  seen     o  the  r.,  c    d- 

lainliiij;  the  Richelieu  River.     After  the  works  on  this  fort  had  go.ir  m  for   Ann? 

Inie,  it  was  discovered  to  be  in  British  tei'ritory,  but  a  genernuf^  chnv..  e  .:  *  ln-.n-i- 

pn'l-'ave  the  land  to  tlie  United  States,  and  the  work  was  conipi..i"u,     On  :';e  1. 

'•  /.'I  Miittr  may  be  seen  far  down  the  lake. 

[Rouse's  Point  (New  York)  is  now  reached.     From  this  poi   '  the  line  runs 
.  tiiioiigh  the  Chateaugay  Woods,  passing  Mahme  and  Potsdam,  to    'gdenbiiurg, 
M.  from  Boston  and  141  M.  from  St.  Albans.     Another  railro;:.;  runs  N.  on 
bank  of  the  Richelieu  River,  to  St  John's  (23  M.). 


tainic 


view 


oi  i;'« 


deva^>V  tracts 
lunated  ou  tV 
InOft.  neavs^' 

Lie  acid. 


latisni: 


&c. 


L-v  an' 


dV 


,a\u>-<-n 


^fter  passing  Swanton  Junction  and  E.  Swanton,  the  train  on  The  main 
■  Stops  at  Highgate  Springs  (*  Franklin  House).     The  hotel  is  on  one 
;of  the  track,  and  the  spring-house  on  the  otlier.     The  spring  is  alka- 
)  containing  chloride  of  soiliuin,  carbonate  of  soda,  and  snlpliate  of 
E.  of  the  Springs  is  the  broa  1  and  betiutiful  Missisquoi  Bay  (Missi 
ICO- much  w.ater-f owl),  which  is  nearly  land-locked,  and  abounds  in 
The  Frnnklin  House  accommodates  KiO  (i}?2.5()  a  day;  $>10-Lt  a  week). 
IM,  S.  E.  is  a  considerable  village  at  Ilijhffate  Falls,  on  the  Missis- 
iKiver.    The  alkaline  Champlain  Spring  is  located  here  (Champlain 
|se.  Green  Mt.  House,  both  fronting  on  the  village  park),  and  is  con- 
a  specific  for  dyspepsia,  cutaneous  eruptions,  cancer,  and  con- 
ation.   Alljurgh  Springs  on  the  W.  a, id  Missisquoi  Springs  on  the  S. 
p  within  easy  di-stance  of  Highgaic.     Highgate  was  the  birthplace 


If 


' 


'  *. 


n" 

„.!l; 


SI  :1 


lii'! 


I  \ 


BOSTON  TO  MONTBEAL. 

208    Route  ^9.  .,,^oraud  pathos  are  widely  Uno. 

oMohnaSaxe,  whose  poe.s  of  .U.0  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^  ^^^ 

^tCu  M.  beyond  Highgatethe^^^^^^^^^^         ^^„,,„  ,     ,  Qu^e. 

in  1S4/.     Ota         ,  stanstead,  bnenuiu,  Waterloo  to 

pasnes  the  J""';"»  °^'^  to  Waterloo,  43  M.     S'ag«,Xlu-li«.  r«| 
rnmung  fvom  St.  J"!™'  "^  TUeltae  now  crosses  the  s  I 

UUe  Menn*remagog  »  20  M.  ,__^„„„.^^^^^^^^ 

to  St.  Jotas,  a  'i7t;^w,     Tl.e  town  is  steated  on  a    e  U  l      ^ 

I   t  *:'  caUed  «-:;^,t' L«  Jc';Ic>.  It  ioins  at  La.e  St.  V^ 
E.  almost  pataUelwah  the  St.  L  „.^,^ ,,.„«. J 

70  M.  distant.  ,  .    ,7^1  and  m  17<5  1^;'.','  ,,  sui'V''"*'*! 

In  the  crypt  of  ]»^  V-^anadiaiis  in- the  ^''^"le  o  ^^^.^^  ^^^^j     (^„;l  ^  ^ 

,vho  cominauded  tju.  cane        ..^^^^      ,^   re^^  Leoiudas.      1-      | 

a  large  invading  ^^^'^.^  v^^re  the  title  of     the  v..«  L 

vear,  and,  ii^ei  »'^         hpaW  t-annon.     a  "^  i 

!;i*SaSri»^^^,  „„  ,„  „„  ,,,  „,  .h..  G™,;1  d 

^t  St.  John,  the  t^- ™71t  Divis,on).  a"*  T--^  , Xf  ,1 


gSStSCSOBt'-' 


WEIKS. 


Route  30.      209 


knovfn 


"m 


\\\ 


1     ,1    T    stTOnS      . 


L\ov  y 


Aov  anA  ^"-'^^ 


ir  a  P''<" 


\  TOR'' 


Ues 


|54)- 


80.   Boston  to  the  Franconia  Mts. 

By  the  Boston  and  Lowell  and  Boston,  Concord,  and  Montreal  Riiilrcads.  Parlor 
ears  run  Ironi  Boston  wittiout  change.  Boston  to  Plymouth  (12o  M.)in  5  hrs. ; 
to  the  Twin  Mt.  House  (2()5  M. )  in  about  8  hr.s.  The  branch  road  from  Wing  Road 
to  Bvthlt'hem  runs  to  the  Fabyun  House  uud  the  base  of  Mt.  Washington,  it'rom 
BdkMn^iii  Junction  narrow-gauga  lines  to  Bethlehem  and  Profile  House. 

The  train  leaves  the  Lowell  station  at  8,  or  S.-'W  A.  M.,  and  passes  to 
Concord  by  Route  29,  through  Lowell  and  ManchosttT. 

After  leaving  Concord,  the  line  crosses  the  MiM-riniac,  and  passes  E. 
Concord,  iV._  Concord,  Canttrbunj  (stages  to  Shaker  vijiai^i!,  7  h  M.),  North- 
Ji'eW,  and  'iWtan.  {Loverin  House) ,  the  seat  of  the  N.  II.  .Seminary  and  Fe- 
male College.  On  the  hill  above  is  a  hnge  Roman  nioniorial  arch,  55  ft. 
high,  of  granite,  erected  in  1882-8.},  to  conunemorate  the  lilton  family. 

Daily  stages  run  from  Tilton  thron<:h  Gazd  to  New  Hampton,  l.'?J  M.  N.,  the 
pifturesqui!  location  of  a  Fre«!-Will  Baptist  school;  to  Fraiikiin  Falls,  3  M.  W.  ; 
ind  to  (iilinantun  (Pronpect  Houttc),  a  far-viewing  liill-villiit;e,  lO  M.  E. ,the 
lest  of  Oilman  ton  Academy-  John  L.  Stoddard  lives  liere.  and  sii>>  :  "Perched  on 
thecpurof  a  long  range  of  mts.,  the  situation  of  OiltnantoM  is  unique.  I  can  look 
oSon  AH  unbroken  panorama  of  distant  peaks  cutting  the  horizini  through  a  circuit 
oflSO  dej;rees  ;  or,  from  Mt.  Wa.shington  in  the  N.  to  5It.  Mouadnock  in  the  S." 
Sear  Tilton  wa.s  the  largest  Indian  fortress  in  New  En( -and,  lines  of  intrenchnienta 
|bceii  with  stone,  and  ouce  palisaded.    Some  remnants  remain. 

The  line  now  passes  along  the  shores  oi   Winnept  aukee  River,  Little 

y,  and  Great  Bay.      Stations,   Union   V'lage  aud  Luconia  (Willard 

otel),  whose  factories  tuni  out  yearly  1,.  jO,000  yards  of  fancy  cloths, 

iio.OOO  dozen  kjae,  and  3-4)0  rail load  cars.     From  this  point  an  inter- 

iting  e.xcursion  may  be  made  to  the  summit  of  Mt.  Belknap  (8^  M.  dis- 

t),  on  the  shore  of  the  lake.     From  this  comma!  ding  peak  the  lake 

ly  be  seen  throughout  nearly     s  entire  extent,  aiiti  views  of  the  mts. 

iyond  and  of  the  pretty  village  of  Wolfboro  are  obtained.     Lacouia  is 

tlie shore  of  Lake  Winnesquam  (Great  Bay),  a  picturesque  sheet  of 

r  on  the  1.  of  the  line.     After  leaving  Lacouia,  the  line  passes  along 

ihorutou  Bay  to  Lake  Village  (Mt. -Belknap  House),  which  has  small 

ry  factories,  a  needle-factory,  aud  the  railroad  repair-shops.      The 

itt  waters  of  Long  Bay  are  now  skirted,  on  the  r.  bank,  with  the 

sof  Mt.  Belknap  beyond.    Weirs  (see  p.  216)  has  a  fine  view  out  over 

^sWiune' osaukee.     Steamers  leave  this  point  for  the  villages  on  the 

see  Roiite  32),  and  N.  Conway  may  be  reached  by  crossing  to  Wolf- 

aiid  taking  the  cars  on  Route  31.     Near  Weirs,  on  the  N.  shore  of 

outlet,  is  -he  Endicott  Rock,  which  is  about  20  ft.  around,  and  is 

>'i'     uo  initials  of  the  chiefs  of  the  colonial  survey  of  1652,  and 

the  vords,  "John  Endicut,  Gov."    The  train  passes  N.,  with  the 

"^  the  r.,  to  Meredith  (Elm  House).     The  great  summer- resort  at 

Harbor  is  5  M.  from  Meredith,  by  a  good  road  ;  and  the  pictu- 

^Mmdith  Neck  is  near  bv,  on  the  S.  K 


ill,* 


■  train  now  passes  Waukawan  Luke,  on  the  r.,  which  is  4  M. 


mi 


!,     "  \  W 


\      i 


^M 


long 


^.     ■■  -  .i'ty.."g«i>»-?g»/iiroi':cg;i»ywj>iiii>.-  ■  it>-Ty> 


il  * 


210     RimteSO. 


PLYMOUTH. 


f 
i 


■if' 

!!'!  'i 


and  1  -  2  M.  broad.      Waukawan  is  a  name  given  to  this  lake  by  thf 
Indiitis,   ivn"!   now  used  by  sunnner  visitors,  though   the   rustics  wlio 
liv<.   in  L'.ie  vicinity  call  it  Measley  Pond.     Long  Pond  is  now  passiM, 
and  the  train  stops  at  Aehland  (S(iuam  Lake  House),  a  small  I'acturv- 
village  near  the  confluence  of  the  S(iuam  and  Peniigewrasset  Rivers,  and  \ 
M.  from  the  lovely  Squam  Lake  (see  Route  32).     This  is  in  the  aiiciiut 
Eiuscopal  town  of  Holderness,  and  the  road  along  Sqiiani  Lake  exIiiMts 
some  of  the  richest  scenery  in  the  country.     The  Pemigewasset  is  n  .v 
crossed  near  Bridgewater  station,  and  its  valley  is  followed  to  Plymouth 
(♦Pemigewasset  House,  150  rooms,  a  iirst-class  summer  hotel,  where  the 
midday  trains  stop  30  nunutes    for  passengers  to   dine:   Little's  Hoteli, 
Plymoutli,  the  shire-town  of  Grafton  County,  is  a  beautiful  villa,i,'i'  in  the 
nudst  of  attractive  scenery,  near  the  contluence  of  the  Pemigewasset  aiil 
Baker's  Rivers.    It  has  a  large  country  trade,  and  is  noted  for  its  mamilik- 
ture  of  tine  buckskin  gloves.  Walker's  Hill  overlooks  the  village  and  valley, 
while  Mt.  Prospect  (4  M.  N.  E. ;  carriage-road  to  the  sumndt)  coiiiiiiiinJj 
an  extensive  prospect.      On  the  S.   is  the  valley  of   the  Peniigewasst! 
("  Place  of  crooked  pines  "),  with  its  broad,  rich  intervales,  while  muiier- 
ous  well-known  peaks    extend    between  Monadnock  in   the  S.  W,  ani 
Moosilauke  in  the  N.  W.     The  N.  is  tilled  with  the  lofty  summits  of  lh« 
Franconia  and  the  White  Mts.,  prominent  among  which  is  Mt.  Latayette, 
Osceola  and  White  Face  are  in  the  N.  E.,  and  just  below  tlie  Siiuaiu 
Ran^e  in  the  E.  is  the  beautiful,  island-dotted  Squam  Lake.     To  tht-  :<. 
E.  are  the  bright  vatcus  of  Winnepesaukee,  with  Mt.  Belknap  lookiiiji 
over  them.     Mt.  Prospect  is  2,()7'2  ft.  above  the  sea,  and  possesses  sevtdj 
other  objects  of  interest,  — the  Miser's  Cave,  the  Avalanche,  ami  the 
and  Boiling  Springs. 

The  drive  around  Plymmith  Mt.  is  a  favorite  excursion,  and  the  viei 
from  its  summit  is  pleasant,  embracing  many  of  the  features  of  tlie  vie' 
from  Mt.  Prospect,  lliough  heavy  forests  co\er  most  of  it.    2  M,  "sA 
Plj'mouth  are  the  Lirermore  Foils.    Jrom  Plymouth  to  Squam  Lake 
;s  7  M.;  to  Newfound  Lake,  9  M. ;  to  Centre  Harbor,  14  M. 

Capt.  Baker,  of  Newbury,  with  a  company  of  Mass.  Rangers,  attarket  nn  Itili'] 
village  near  the  ponfluetu'o  of  the  river  which  now  bcsars  tiis  name  witli  fli>'  I''""! 
wasset  llivcr.  After  killinuj  many  of  the  villagers,  tlie  R'lngers  plundcrcil  f'.ei 
and  then  retreated,  hoinp;  vainly  attacked  aft(>rwar(ls<  on  the  plains  of  I!ri<lu'e"i* 
Plymouth  was  settled  in  1T''4.  'j'^he  house  still  stands  here  (now  a  I'bntry)  in  «li|j 
Daniel  W'eVistcr  made  his  first  plea  before  a  jury.  Nathaniel  Uawthoruo  dit-'J '"' 
viiiaso  May  ID,  IR'tt. 

1  yi.  out  is  the  ll'ildernesa  School  for  Bovs.  a  famous  Episcop-d  School.  henuHfoJ 
Fituated,  on  an  est.ito  of  1")  acres.    About  5  M.  from  Plymouth  (stHj;e  tVoiii  A>lil*1 
4  M.)  is  the  Atsquain  House,  a  summer-hotel  on  the  crest  of  tlio  far-vie* 
Shepard  Hill,  over  J^quam  Lake.  ^ 

The  new  Pemifjevmssef-  VnVey  Ti.  7?  runs  N.  from  Plymouth  to  Liv'rmore.'J 
Campton,4i;  Canipton  ViJlacte.'?.', :  Thornton,  0;  W  Thornton.  131 :  \Vi>od4.| 
\Ci\\  and  N.  Woodstock,  2i)\.  Stajrei  for  the  summer  boitrdintr-honscii  rr.iinfcl 
tli(>  stations;  and  from  t!ie  N.  tcminus  run  to  the  Flume  and  Profile  Hoij 
Thi''  route  supplants  the  favorite  old  staging  route  up  the  valley,  fiiinouj  li"j 
noble  viows, 


A/fcr  le.-ni 
fiiier/oriio  y 
ml  ]'or/(|,  ,,.),; 
'O'  f'lL-  huliam 
'•'"'"(•nV..,  and 

roiiiuled  by  J,ig 

^'^JTea  (la) 

'■'""'  leads  ill  jy 
"'"ifortahle,  ,^3 


"f  file 


mt.,  5  A/. 


'f'  ^'-  '^i.'h,  an 

,  ^'''^"'  its  i,oJa, 

^^"'fon  County,  V 
,:"'^''^'"'-    Bevor 

\y'  K  while  „< 

i    ^''ocorua  (S.  of  j 
^'^'"^•W'ia  Ranges 

,f^««' Peaked  Hil] 
.  •    ^'"'1-  s  Mt 
V'/'^^^  °«  Hurrie  J 
„  ^']'y>  RooJcv,  Oa 
""a«  Wash  r/  ; 

C  '  ^^''^  <^n  the 


f^ie  river  is  ^, 
P  from  f  1.^1  *^ 

as  tho 


"•otn  tjje  ]. 


aseen,?'        ^^"osucl 
'"""-..sgfe,"'^ 


^^11  li 


MOOSILAUKE  MT. 


Jioute  iilK     '1 1 1 


rt  by  t1i« 

,t\C8    V,\\0 

,v  v^^'*'''^' 
\  factory- 

ers,  aw\  ^ 

im  ancit'Ut 

iset  is  iww 
Plymouth 

rewasset  aul 

[•  its  iwau^f'^*^' 
aiidvalV-v, 


.Willi' 


.ge  tv 
lit)  coiui 

^liile  lUUii^T- 

summits  0?* 
,Mt.Utayette. 


Jelii»aP 


iootoV'?! 


VCT 


AltiT  leaving  Plyniontli,  tlie  rnilroaa  follows  the  valley  of  Baker's 
Ithoiior'iOM.  Station,  Hmnncy  (Stinson  House),  S.  of  Stinson's  Mt, 
and  Pond,  which  were  named  in  memory  of  a  hunter  who  was  killed  hero 
livtlu!  Indians.  The  village  is  nearly  1  M.  from  the  station.  Saw-mills, 
tatiiKM'ici,  and  charcoal-works  abound  in  the  town.  Stations,  \V.  Rum- 
jKyaiid  Wcntwovth  {\j\\\on  Hotel),  a  village  on  fair  intervales,  and  sur- 
rouiuU'd  by  high  hills,     (.'arr's  Mt.  is  on  tiie  K.,  and  Mt.  <'uba  on  the  \V. 

Warren  (JAini/iiou  //(//;,<t)  is  a  gk-n  vilhige,  from  which  a  very  good 
ruiid  leads  in  10  M.  to  the  top  of  Moosilauke  Mountaitt  (Tijj-Tojj  House, 
comfortable,  $'d  a  day;  fare  by  stage,  up  and  back,  S3).  On  the  slope 
(if  the  mt.,  5  M.  from  Warren,  is  the  MuuiUain  lluusv  (.I^T-  10  a  wtek), 
1,081  ft.  high,  and  free  from  hay-fever.  This  is  one  of  the  noblest  trips  in 
Ntw  Kiigiund,  to  the  top  of  Moosilauke. 

From  its  isolated  position  and  great  height  (4,811  ft.),  this  peak 
eoiniuaiids  a  grand  and  unicpie  *  view.  In  the  S.  are  the  hill  towns  of 
Griiiton  County,  with  numerous  prominent  and  well-known  peaks  rising 

vertheni.  Beyond  Owl's  Head,  on  the  W.,  considerable  portions  of  the 
I  Green  Mts.  may  be  seen  on  a  clear  day.  In  the  N.  W.  is  part  of  the 
1  Connecticut  valley,  and  one  or  two  Canadian  peaks  are  seen  in  the 
Irtiiiote  N.,  while  nearer  at  hand  are  the  Peniigewasset  Mts.  A  noble 
miiovania  of  mts.  extends  fronx  Sugar  Loaf  (W.  of  N.)  to  the  white  peak 
lot  riiocorua  (S.  of  E.),  embracing  the  chief  summits  of  the  White  and 
IFninconia  Ranges,     On  the  S.  E.  is  the  shining  surface  of  Lake  Winne- 

pe>;mkee,  and  in  the  same  direction  some  portion  of  the  State  of  Ma'ne  is 


possesses  se«r.l 


,n,andtk 
U-es  of  tlie  !^'^ 
If  it. 
10  Squ!-'"'^ 


Latet 


A«n'^':;l*w«^t1 


lAlna  ot  1^"      ,1,-, 


iwtbovuo ' 


m 


pst  of  tUe  Wf 


From  Peaked  Hill,  near  the  village  hotel,  a  good  view  of  Moosilai  ke  is 

iMaiiietl,    Carr's  Mt.,  Webster's  Slide,  and  Owl's  Head  are  also  in  War- 

11,  v.iiile  on  Hurricane  Brook  are  numerous  picturesque  cascades,  known 

Fairy,  Rocky,  Oak,  Wolf's-Head,  Waternomee,  and  Hurricane  Falls. 

iaiia's  Wash-Bowl  is  a  sequestered  basin  on  the  same  creek. 

Station,  E.  Haverhill,  beyond  which  the  line  traverses  the  glen  of  the 

[iiverian  Brook,  with  Webster's  Slide  Mt.  on  the  1.  and  the  precipitous  sides 

Owl's  Head  on  the  r.    Station,  Haverhill  (Exchange  House),  a  i^retty 

la?e  on  a  liill  near  the  track,  Avith  the  Grafton  County  buildings.     Just 

iss  the  river  is  the  village  of  Newbury  (see  Route  24),  which  may  be 

111  from  the  1.  as  the  train  skirts  the  rich  intervales,  and  passes  to  N. 

tiliill,  a  small  village  near  the  Ox  Bow  Bend  of  the  river. 

t  Woodsville  {Parher  House;  Brunswick)  the  train  crosses  the 

nccticut,  and  connects  with  the  Passumpsic  ind  Wells-Kiver  Railroads 

pti7s  liivtr  (Coosuck  House),  afterwards  returning  across  the  bridge, 

ascending  the  Ammonoosuc  Valley  to  linih,  a  line  old  farming  village 

picturesque  glen.     Lisbon  (Brifjham's  Hvtel)  is  a  gold-mining  vil. 

^vith  daily  stages  to  Lyman  (4»  iJ  )  and  Sugar  Hill  (7  M.). 


liji  m 


P''f| 


II 


i 


f  f  ' 


M/i"'^ 


'i   * 


1  I 


212      no.UX.  t^NCASTRB. 


,  »in    1R  a  week;  Oak-IIlll  House,  on  far- 
littlOton  {Thayer^B  Hotel,  ^}^       ChUwick  Inn,  «12-16  a  week;  and 
viewing  heights,  »8-U  a  ^^^^^  .  .     ^  .„.ettv  nn<l  prosperous,  vil- 

Tan;  lifer  boardin^'-houscs"-^^^^ 
Wo    with  3,500  inhabitant.,  6  «^'^'"^^\''  '  'j  ,„  ,'s  Htereoscopic-view e. 

tablishment,  the  largest  nUhewoH^^^^^^  ^^^  ^^^^  ^,,„„    l,v;v       . 

the  name  of  C/u.«.u-fc;   and  bouk-^  ^^^^  ^^^^  j^  the  vicin.ty,  Une  pun. 

•Ma,rp  is  on  the  AmnionooHUC.     ri  obtanied. 

v.llage  s  on  in  Kranconui  Mts.  may  ^  j  ,,^.,,,    v,,,'. 

ramie  views  of  the  vv  nu  ^^^^^^^^.j  f^,r   Utune. 

,  .      -11     o    on    a  broad   piam  i"-"'  .    .        fjivurile 

Bummer-resort,      ana  m       „m  nf  wilduess,  but  oi  cnetu         ^ 

iow  and  river,  -  the  cbarm  not  «  J^         ..    ^s.^^H  KiNU  )     • 
ness  and  beneficence,  -  Lancaster  ^  "^  ;;^,^„,i,e  view  ;  while  th«  An  e 
SV  near  the  village  co-^^^^^^^  ,,     rapi..  o. 

around  ML  Prospect  ('2-3  hrs.)  ijitervales  (b  M.).    'J 

crlicuta.e  reached  ^  ^^^t,  realin,  «ne  dist."t  v«,4 
riveward  roads  are  level  and  ™'°°  '  ^  mu,,  beyond  tl.«  "'  ■  1 
"Illf  whioh  iB  obtained  from  the  L™'^*^  «  „  ,^,  ,,ark  and  m,«H 
vlont.    To  the  E.  ^B^^N.  \omSe,  ascended  by  a  yat ;  H 

cl  country  and  the  ""''"'^J.t^mlge,  after  flowing  dov-n  a  V  j 

Sitea  with  the  Connecticut  '.ear'h^"»'«^„„     ^„  Charles  D  H 

esque  valley  from  ita  aource  near  M^  ,,„,„  i,„u  » 

tSt  "  the  world  can  show    ew  acen^  ™«  .^  „,„  g.  „„,« 

valley,  in  the  White  Mts.  of  N.  H.,  «  " ^  ^h„  „as  on  oil 

f™;haln."    T^-''-»rb^lm»Indiannan,e»,.H 

Pionecrsof  the  C<*  -^^^^g^^^  o»he  white  rock/- On  H 

— aincrawack,     tne  lodiiuno  Franconia  Kangi-  ui        ■ 

JZ  of  the  river  and  it-J  ^^  ^^^^^^^^^  ,,y,,,  ^rf'd 

White  Mt.  wall  are  to  be  l^^^J  f  ^      ,,,ently  been  built  on  the  1 

Lunenburg  Hills."    A  "^  ^^^^^.'^  ^^caster  is  Jefierson  U^H.H 

Mt.  Prospect  (^21  a  week).  7  M- 1  I 

for  its  grand  mountain-views.  Connecticut  River  fo  J 


ROCHESTEK. 


Route  SI.     213 


Th;  train  leaves  the  E'lsf 
;'  fn™.l  «t. ,,  „„.,  „^,„,  „'  ™  ;  ^'  ;;;  ;;; "-'°"  (o„  Cau,o«v,  at  th,.  f„„, 
Jmdm>   see  Rnn*,.  f*T  /.i  ^  '-'iurles  River      H,...*     \     . 

'"■'«'  /"«..     At  the  latter  villa  "a  ,.      ""'*'  •*"'""«  'f""*  aM 
loollestor  (/),rf„„v /y,,/,,/ .    „       ;         '"''"«  <"  cotto.,  ycarlv   \,l, 
f  -v-a,  fa.t^,,c./tt  ;„  tri  f'T'-  r  '"'^'  O"  ^Way  m   :' 
',  ^'^*'**' *i"fJ  over  C  000  ill J.ni  ;<     /'''"^i>«r.     The  town  hai 

ofllaniie  are  iri.iflft  i,«..„         .    "'"""^  "'"alJ'tants.     Over  '2  nnrt  nna 

people  kept  constant  vio-ii  ,;,.         ,  ^^oeliester  was  settled  in  17os  Jt \ 

— -Und  U.S.Senat^ty;:rtt^^V"  ^'^^  -^^^-'^ 
J^^  ^ow.,„,  ,„,;,,.,,„.,„_  ..  ^^^^«' was  born  here  in  1806. 


■After  Ipnw       t,     ,  ""' "''^""u  at  rortlaud. ""^ 

r"er  leaving  Rochester,  the  Whitp  ^u    ,    . 

I  Hilton  iGlendaU  House.  TW  ;  /''^"  ^^^^^'^  ^«^^^,  and  stons 
t;."-the  Sal„,on-Fal,s  RivI^:'-tlTt'"  'f""^'  ^  ^'"'-^  ^S 
h  ronaiiUon.  Station,  ^«^«  (L  Lawt' b""  ?  ^^^  '"  ''«  - 
p'  -^It.  nppears  in  the  H\  ''"''^^'  ''^^""'l  which  CoppJe- 


^^, 


..1^  \n.> 


*"•>. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


2.0 


m 


1.25      1.4      1.6 

^ 

6"     

► 

V] 


<^ 


/2 


% 


V 


'/ 


%^^>  .^'^l 


^i^J 


Hiotographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14S80 

(716)  872-4503 


\ 


•1>' 


'^ 


% 


V 


# 


^^1* 


'^^A 
^.J^ 


O^ 


■^ 


»" 


if*.  4p 


^ 


V'^'O^ 


Route  31. 


CONWAY. 


-U     Route 'J^'  n„l2M)toWoirboro.on 

stations,   WatofieU,  E.  ''"*-f  ,'£-  fp^^d),  «l>ich  is  3  M.  long  amU 
^  fu  Lake  Newichawamiock  (Bast  Jona,,  .^^_^^^^  y^^  ^,„„, 

^'"tid       ttious,  0..>«  and  0«f^,^j;:rJe  is  gained  on  «« 

t:  ot  CarroU  County   ^^Vt-lVfarthe.  shore,    Knnnn.  N. 

'""°''  rti*  the  broad  sheet  of  Six  M.  e  Pond  6         ^^^_^  ^^.^^  ^^^ 

r::ro;«tandLe|.nM^:-^^^^ 

of  Chocorua  to  «'-"  ^^^^^LL,.  d-oUte  Pro"d  and -onU  ,  t^^^^^^ 

N.  Conway  by  ^.os   -ho    ^^^  ^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^^  T  '    co-w^^^  ^^^^^  "' 
liant  society.     Excurbio  ^^^^^  ^^^^.^  to  Loiiw  y 

ROM  distant,  iitKlev  the  mt.oi  Chatham,  by  the  ^oHo.  ^ ' » 

S£^SS'-3H^t^ 

f      Je  as  near  to  Chatauque  as  to  N.  ^J'^'J^^^^  ^ts.  from  HusV 
^^''     ravoUled.     There  -re  fine  views  oj  the  Whi         ^^^^  ^,^^^^.^^. 


LAKE  WINNEPESAUKEE. 


Route  3;i.    215 


$ 


'ill. 


Itburi),  on 

tlie  s^iii'e- 
L  on  t^ie  r., 
iunuing  >'• 

e^  Sandwich 
tis  are  next 
y  among  *« 
I'e  vveivd  peak 
^eg^"  gallant, 

lonely,  tiw\ 
,v;ket  House). 

and  has  maw 
.ts  air  of  ttan- 
is  pref.vred  to 
.anUe.s  of  InnV 
Cbocorua  Lalie, 
uway  Centre  a.i 
r  the  long,  str-jb- 
.  and  tl^e  ^l^'^ 


valley  to' 


-riie  last-na' 


aniei 


see 


lisou  ^,b 

I)- 


32  lake  Winnepesankee  and  the  Sandwich  Mountains. 

Frnin  Boston  to  the  Lake  :  (a)  By  Routes  29  and  30,  throngli  I-owell  and  Con- 
corfl  to  Weirs,  whence  the  steamer  "  Lady  of  the  Lake  "  runs  to  Centre  Harbor 
and  WolHwro.    Boston  to  Weirs,  105  M. 

(b)  By  Route  38,  through  Lawrence  and  Dover  to  Alton  Bay,  whence  the 
gteaiuir  '•Alt.  ^V^shhlytou"  runs  to  Vvoliboro  and  Centre  Harbor.  J.oston  to 
AlK'ii  Bnv.  «;  M. 

(c)  By  Routes  31  and  37,  throngli  Salem  and  Portsmouth  to  Wolfboro,  wliere 
both  tlie  steamers  touch,  and  from  which  all  the  lake-villages  may  be  visited.  Bos- 
ton to  Wolfboro,  106  M.  (in  4i  hrs.  by  the  Pullman  express  train  in  the  morning). 

Lake  Winnepesankee  is  in  the  counties  of  Carroll  and  Belknap,  in  the 
State  of  N.  H.,  and  is  25  M.  long  by  1-7  M.  wide,  containing  69  square 
miles.  It  is  472  ft.  above  tlip  sea,  and  its  waters  of  crystalline  purity  re- 
flect the  shadows  of  several  bold  mountains,  and  surround  nearly  300 
islands,  great  and  small.     8  towns  rest  around  it,  having  an 

aggregate  population  of  14,000  on  about  200  square  miles  of  territory; 
and  but  few  and  small  are  the  villages  along  the  curiously  indented  shores. 
The  waters  of  the  lake  are  discharged  by  the  Winnepesankee  River, 
which  unites  with  the  Pemigewasset  to  form  the  Merrimac,  and  passes 
into  the  ocean  at  Newburyport.  Winnepesaukee  is  an  aiiji-nt  Indian 
word  whicli  is  popularly  supposed  to  mean  "  The  Smile  of  the  Great 
Spirit,"  although  some  interpret  it  as  "  Pleasant  Water  in  a  High  Place." 

"There  maybe  lakes  in  Tyrol  and  Switzerland  which,  in  particular  respects, 
I  expeeil  tlie  cliarms  of  any  •"  the  Western  world.  But  in  that  wedding  of  the 
iLnul  with  tlie  water,  in  which  one  is  perpetually  apjiroaching  and  retrenting  from 
the  other,  and  each  transforms  itself  into  a  thousand  figures  for  an  endless  dance 
jo  grace  and  beauty,  till  a  countless  multitude  of  shapes  are  arranged  into  perfct 
lease  and  freedom,  of  almost  musical  motion,  nothing  can  be  held  to  surpass,  if  to 
Imatch,  our  Winnepesankee."    (Bartol.) 

I  "1  have  been  something  of  a  traveller  in  our  own  countiy,  — though  far  less 
Ithan  I  could  wish,  — and  in  Europe  have  seen  all  that  is  niost  attradive,  from 
Tlie  Higlilands  of  Scotland  to  the  Golden  Horn  of  Constantinople,  from  the  sum- 
fiiitof  the  Ilartz  Mountains  to  the  Fountain  of  Vaticluse  ;  but  my  eye  has  yet  to 
St  on  a  lovelier  scene  than  that  which  smiles  around  you  as  you  sail  from  Weirs 
anilini;  to  Centre  Harbor."    (Edward  Everett.) 

"Looking  up  to  the  broken  sides  of  the  Ossipee  Mts.  that  are  rooted  in  the 
^ke,  over  which  huge  shadows  h)iter  ;  or  back  to  the  twin  Belknap  hills,  which 
ppeal  to  softer  sensibilities  with  their  verdured  symmetry ;  or  farther  down, 
1' "11  the  cliarming  succession  of  mounds  that  hem  tlie  shores  near  Wolfboro  ;  or 
'■rtlnvjird,  where  distant  Chocorua  lifts  his  bleached  head,  so  tenderly  touched 
Nwith  ^Tay  and  gold,  to  defy  the  hottest  s'lidight,  as  he  has  defied  for  ages 
|e  H.;htning  and  the  storm, —  does  it  not  seem  as  though  the  jiassage  of  the 
Nms  is  fidfilled  be  ore  our  eyes,  —  '  Out  of  the  perfection  of  beauty  God  hath 
|"if(l'?"    (Thomas  Starr  King). 

[The  steiiMier  M^  Washington  leaves  Centre  Harbor  at  6  20  A.  M.  for  Alton  Bay, 
|ucliiiijr  ,it  Long  Islaud  and  Wolf boio ;  leaving  Alton  Bay  at  noon,  to  return.    Same 
utM  ill  afternoon. 

The  L-^ulii  of  the  Lake   leaves  Wolfhoro  at  6  30  A.  m.  for  Centre  Tlarbor  and 
Mrs;  thence  runs  direct  to  Wolfboro  and  back,  leaving  Weirs  at  noon  for  (Centre 
porand  Wolfboro,  and  back  to  Weiis  direct,  whence  she  runs  to  Centre  Harbor 
1  Wolfboro. 

The  steamer  runs  E.  from  Weirs,  with  Meredith  Bay  N.,  Mt.  Belknap  is 
land  Ossipee  Mt.  in  front.  Alter  past- in jr(iovernorV  island,  the  boat  turns 
pe  N.  through  u  strait   bttween  Bear  l^liind  (3  M.  from  Weirs)  and  the 


I  -  M 


":]| 


nir     z,    .. -?«  CENTRE  HARBOR. 

216    RmiteSZ.  ^  >,•     3  M    t 

Chocorua  "leagues  away  to  the  N.K  "^^rfthf  Hke*  hS 

i^team?»oafs  run  hence  „     ^      « lo  .OQ  a  ^veek ;  3/oM?fon  ^/o».., 

hor^e-cars  to  L^conia  7/„,tse,  »3  a  day.-Vj.   'j'Jom  Weir«,  and  has  8t.«.- 

Centre  Harbor  ^^X^boardmK-houses)  "Jl'-^^'/uon  Bay.  Long  Island,  &c.; 

nrre  Sr^o.  is  a  ™a„  — tfct  ::t InH^V,  and  .as  - 
,,,.onhe,aU.    l:l^^Jl,Z,  «.e  town  >■-;'-:  ^ll: 

2  S  ft.  1.  W-    By  ^':|\r  „  g  reaL  the  summit,    A  ro»^  «  4 

Z^.    The  mountain-path  soon  turn  to  t  .^  ^^^^^       „    ,J 

S  W  o«d  to  the  1.  after  it  is  galMd)-     1  ^  j„  the  1.  'H 

tXr,  a..o.t  15  M-2'th  :Mo  .lo* In  M.  S.  W,) may he-J 
distant,  while :  -  >»  °>"7;'' *  ,„,„,j.  Squam  Lake,  widm?  1A«  ^  J 
dear  day.    In  *ej^  ':,t,mmerous  islands  and  wh*,  san     ^'^J 
mere,  among  the  W'"' *'      ^j^  „„a  Mt.  Prospect,  near  Fl>ii 
,hile  beyond  are  the  SV'""'.'";  ,,,„,  ^„„d  tro.n  sigM  •»  * 

..  The  Mt.  WasWnBton  MB"  "  °°'  ""'*■ 


!l 


3  M.  0^ 
hole  toe 
he  r.  aw\ 
a  haugWy 

ce  nvm,  var- 

,«d  has  .t.* 
!  ParVt. 

,d  ^-as  named 

•ives  from  t^ 
.ixig"tUelaUet 

4  for  its  sn^^, 
entof^edB^ 

.t.    AToad2M_ 
ou  the  SancHKl^ 

quiet,  TuraU'^ 

ended  to  t\;efi 
fplytothel. 

ng  cli^-^  *^'°"' 
whose  fla«.e-> 

LwinuevesuW 
It  and  buiuivei' 
5  seen  ovei  ^^J 

hite,  saudy  b  _  , 
Lar  Plyn^oulii. 


BALO  KN 


tl 


WHITE  PAifc 


_§flL<P|^0'*  l*^ 


0 
k 

It 

o 


1,  Slee/er's  Islan 
;_,  Rattlesnake  „ 

3.  Diamoint       ,, 

4,  Barn  Door  „ 

5,  Cf?w  ,, 

6.  Little  Bear  ,, 
7i  Governor's  „ 
8.  Forty  Islands. 
9i  />V<tr  Islaud. 

10,  il/^iv/.-      .. 


')•  7 


if.      2:7 


a  savage 
te  below, 
ide.  atan- 
enjoy  the 
and  with 
.  fringe." 


n  the  E. 
Range  i.s 
n  Passa- 
ih,  while 
ir  misses 
ble  view, 
that  lies 
in. 

visited 
ts  white 
ksliland. 
ed  by  a 
district 
irts  the 
I  Centre 
iroadest 
tervales 
ipect  on 
I 

a  S.  E. 
tonboro 
sh  shall 
Df  their 
takable 
,  tower- 
, except 
hat  are 
(f  "the 
her  on, 
(es,  and 

ghost- 
I'  down 
id  Tip- 
It  Long 
|)8ition9 


;    .' 


5*. 


WMITt 


Hh 


T/fMWOnTH 


16  Jmt ,  l^&^' 


''H.^ 


OP  ro^S'OftOt/6H 


0 
k 

o 

V) 


iSs'^ 


we 


ir    ^^ 


^4V 


}^     1.  ^SVtv/^r'j  Islntia.  11.  /'.-//t?  Island. 

'V     :..  R.ittlesnake  „  12.  Beaver     ,, 

rf«-       3.  Dtamoiut      .,  13.  U'oi/boro  Neck 

r^            4.  it>'''r«  Z)t;^r  „  14,  Tnjtouboro     „ 

O-   <^6ir«^                 ..  i   15,  Mc,Hlt07iboro  ., 


^yJA 


iW" 


6.  Little  Bear  ,, 
7i  Governor's    „ 
81  Forty  Islands. 
9.  /)'t'(i>-  Island. 
10,  ^'Af'-'t-      .. 


16,  iMeredith 

n,  Drake's  Isla/id. 

18.  Sturtezuint    ,, 

19.  ^J/zA-. 


.1^ 


fi 


1  I 


ir; 


"I  f 


ma 


I 

216    Ii 


4 


3 

I 


i  ■'! 


mainlaiK 
Centre  I 
of  the  S 
Red  Hi! 
Cliocora 

Weln 

a  wcuk; 
within  t( 
Teterans, 
has  intlei 

Steam 
horse-cai 

Centt 
«  8  - 12  i 
boats  Ie» 
and  dail) 

Centr 

bays  of 

in  his  ] 

1870  it 

village  • 

being  b 

of  Squa 

from  til 

views. 

(2,000  1 

■which  f 

shorter 

road,  ti 

roads,  i 

roads. 

is  folic 

cottage 

reddish 

the  for 

ai:tumi 

the  SUB 

differex 

oiitstre 

islets, 

Harboi 

distant 

clear  d 

mere,  I 

while  1 


Sandwich  Ra 
(mwn  that  co 
Here  U  tlw  j)| 
eJioroii  its  l)os 
M'luisite  line.) 
•*''iii'li  its  low  , 

(JJTAJiR  K/NO.) 


h  th^  X  E.  t] 

'"t.  i.\,,e.  San, 

'^n-wiy  to  Choc, 

"  ««''r  Camp  ar 

'"-■  vieu-  from  Be, 

^om  a  moderate  1 


'The 


CENTRE  HARBOR. 


Itoutt' 


2:7 


Sandwich  Range,  which  In  the  afternoon,  untouchud  by  the  light,  wears  a  savage 
frown  that  contrasts  most  effectively  with  the  placid  beauty  of  the  lake  b«'lo\v. 
Here  is  the  )»lace  to  study  its  border.s,  to  admire  tlie  fleet  of  isluiida  that  ride  iit  au- 
nlioron  its  hosom,  —  from  little  shallops  to  grand  three-deckers,  —  and  to  eiiji  y  the 
exiuisite  line.1  by  which  its  bays  are  infolded,  in  which  its  coves  retreat,  and  with 
•\!iii'h  its  low  capes  cut  the  aaure  water,  and  hant;  over  it  an  emerald  fringe." 
(Starr  King.) 

"  Far  to  the  south 
Thy  sltitnheiinR  wiitcrs  floati-d,  otn:  long  nhoct 
Of  hiiniinlied  g<>lil,  —  bctweeii  lUv  lu-urer  ahurea 
Softly  einhrnced,  hikI  nioltbiK  distuntly 
Into  a  yellow  huxe,  emboiioined  low 
'Mid  shndowy  hills  und  iiiUty  inoiiiitalns,  nil 
Covered  with  showery  liRht,  as  with  a  veil 
Of  airy  gauze. "  —  Pukcival. 

In  the  N.  E.  the  weird  peak  of  Choccrua  is  seen,  and  nearer  nt  hand  in  the  B. 
iitlie  lieavy,  darlc  mass  of  Ossipee.  The  central  peak  of  the  Handwiuh  Han.^o  is 
White  Face,  Sandwich  Dome  holds  the  left,  and  t!ie  right  extends  from  I'a.ssa- 
I onaway  to  Chocorua.  The  white  villase  in  the  plain  below  is  Handwich,  while 
the  Rear  Camp  and  Red  Hill  'onds  are  seen  in  its  vicinity.  "  Whoever  nusses 
the  view  from  Red  Hill  loses  the  most  fascinating  and  thoroughly  enjoyable  \  iw, 
from  a  moderate  mount'iin-h';ight,  that  can  be  gained  from  any  eminence  that  lies 
mar  the  tourist's  path."    The  afternoon  is  the  best  time  for  the  excursion. 

*  Squam  Lake  is  3  -  i  M.  from  Centre  Harbor,  and  should  bo  visited 
for  the  sake  of  its  seqiiesteretl  iovcliiu'ss,  its  roinniitic  islets,  and  its  white 
strand.  The  /Uqunm  House  is  a  charming  suninicr-iiotel,  4  M.  from  Asliland. 

Plynioutli  is  H  M.  N.  W.  of  Centre  Harbor,  and  is  approached  by  a 
sninotli  but  hilly  road,  passing  through  the  romantically  beautiful  district 
formerly  inhabited  by  the  Squamscott  Indians.  This  road  skirts  the 
shores  of  'squam  and  Little  Squam  Lakes,  and  at  about  5  M.  from  Centre 
Ilirbor,  has  a  superb*  view  of  Chocorua,  15  M.  away,  over  the  broadest 
part  of  Si  luam  Lake.  The  road  passes  across  the  broad,  rich  intervales 
''l  llolJcrness  and  Plymouth,  with  the  Squam  Mts.  and  Mt.  Prospect  on 
tiie  r. 

On  leaving  Centre  Harbor  for  Wolfboro,  the  steamer  keeps  a  S.  E. 

(our.se,  with  Ossipee  Mt.  on  the  E.  over  the  low  shores  of  Moultonboro 

Nick.    A  great  archipelago  of  islands  is  passed,  —  islands  which  shall 

liere  be  nameless,  they  being  worse  than  nameless  in  the  poverty  of  their 

homely  Saxon  titles.      About  midway  of  the  lake   "the  unmistakable 

mjesty  of  Washington  is  revealed.     There  he  rises,  40  M.  away,  tower- 

liiigfruiii  a  plateau  built  for  his  thronpi,  dim  green  in  the  distance,  except 

|the  dome  tliat  is  crowned  with  winter,  and  the  strange  figures  that  are 

JKrawled  around  his  waist  in  snow."     Fredrika  Tremer  speaks  of  "the 

lOljTnpiuu  majesty  of  Mt.  Washington"  from  this  point.     "Farther  on, 

|t!ie  suiumit  of  Choconia  is  seen  moving  swiftly  over  lower  ranges,  and 

on  the  whole  mountain  sweeps  into  view,  startling  you  with  its  ghost- 
like nallor  and  haggsird  crest."  On  Long  Island,  nearly  half-way  down 
lake,  are  the  Island  Home  (60  guests),  Long-Island  House  and  Tip- 

"P  House,  much  visited  in  rammer.  The  Mt.  Washin(jton  stops  at  Long 
^land,  on  call.     The  mnuniains  in  the  N.  change  their  relative  positions 


n 


I'i 


,J;;f: 


•I   !? 


I 


218      Route  S^. 


WOLFt:iJ(jUO. 


■•1 


:i 


!l 


■  w 

■  .f 
'•'■I 


'/'I 


with  kaleidoscopic  rapidity,  and  the  imposing  peaks  of  Mt.  Belknnp 
(wlieuce  is  obtaiii«!d  tho  linest  lake-view)  loom  up  alu;ad.  After  pas^ll^ 
these  peaks  the  steamer  rounds  into  Wolfe  horo  Buy,  with  Copple-Crown 
Mt.  on  the  r.    20  M.  from  Centre  Ilarijor  is  the  village  of  Wolfeboro. 

HotclH.  *  I'nri'ion,  2r>()  giU'St.x,  9  10-17  a  week  ;  Gli'iulon,  150  gunots,  S 9- 15 
a  week;  Itillcnir,  i*8-12  a  wei-k  ;  Uikc  House.  There  are  also  uiuuy  jiltMiaiit 
ami  ri'tired  boiiniinf^-huu.-tti  in  iind  near  tlus  village. 

SteainiTH  leave  for  Alton  Hny ,  Centre  Harbor,  and  Weira,  several  times  dully. 

liaili'oad  to  N.  Conway,  I'ortsniuutli,  and  lio.stun. 

^»taj;f  8  run  tri-weekly  to  Tii/tonboio,  a  atock-raising  town  6  M.  N. 

Wolfeboro  was  settled  in  1770,  and  was  the  site  of  the  fine  mansion  of 

Gov.  Sir  John  Wtntworth.      It  is  now  a  pleasant  village  in  a  tliriviiig 

town  of  about  2,200  inhabitants,  with  2  banks  and  3  churches.    Its  situ- 

atioh  on  two  long  hills  near  the  lake  is  very  beautiful,  and  fine  views  are 

enjoye<l  of  the  Belknap  Mts.  across  the  water.     Good  lake-views  may  lit> 

had  from  the  hills  about  the  village,  and  also  from  Tuniblc-Down  Dick,  a 

high  eminence  near  the  large  Smith's  Pond,  E.  of  Wolfboro.     Uut  the 

best  excunsion  is  to  Copplc  Crown  ML,  about  7  M.  S.  E.,  by  a  road  jiassing 

to  S.  Wolfboro.     The  carriage-road  runs  nearly  to  the  summit  (faro,  ?3  !(*) 

from  the  hotel  for  each  person  of  a  ])arty).     Copple  Crown  is  2,100  ft, 

high,  and  furnishes  from  its  summit  a  view  of  nearly  the  wliole  kiigth  of 

the  lake,  with  Mt.  Belknai)  near  at  hand  in  the  N.  W.,  and  tlio  heavy 

range  of  Sandwich  looming  above  the  head  of  the  lake.     Choconia  aiid 

Ossipeo  are  close  togetlier,  a  little  W.  of  N.,  and  on  a  clear  day  -Mt, 

Washington  may  be  seen  beyond  all,  while  the  ocean  is  visible  in  tliii 

opposite  direction.     30  lakes  and  i»onds  are  seen  from  Copple  Crown,  of 

which  Ossipee,  in  the  N.,  is  one  of  the  finest. 

The  Wolflwro  i3ranph  of  the  Histern  Railrnart  runs  to  the  N  Conway  main  line 
In  12  M.  Two  express  trains  leave  for  Boston  daily,  making  the  distiiin'e  (1.^ 
M.)  in  4-5  hrs. 

After  leaving  Woin)oro  the  ste.T  ler  follows  a  southerly  course  to  Fort 
Point,  where  it  turns  by  Little  Mark  Island  into  Alton  Bay.  Tills  is  a 
narrow  estuary,  4-5  M.  long,  and  bordered  by  high  wooded  lulls  of 
Trosach-like  boldness.  The  steamer  follows  the  sinuosities  of  this  curi- 
ous inlet,  and  sometimes  seems  to  be  wrlled  in,  as  neither  way  of  ingress 
nor  egress  is  seen.  Mt.  Major  is  parsed  on  tlie  W.  shore,  and  after  many  I 
turns  and  bendings  the  last  bluff  is  passed,  and  the  hotel  and  station  all 
the  S.  extremity  of  the  lake  are  reached.  Here  is  situated  the  Winnii't 
sengee  Houses  an  old  and  decadent  summer-hotel,  near  good  lisliiiig-, 
grounds  and  pretty  scenery. 

Alton  Bay  was  fon>ierly  called  Merry-Mecting  Bay,  since  it  was  a  famous  p3tli*l 
ering-idace  for  the  Indians.  Several  Indian  raids  on  the  N.  H.  coast  passed donl 
this  bay,  and  in  1722  the  province  built  a  military  road  to  it,  and  coniuuiioed  fo^p 
tilications.  The  cost  was  found  to  be  too  heavy  for  the  little  colony,  and  tlj 
position  was  given  up.  Atkinson's  regiment,  which  was  covering  the  fmili^ 
during  the  French  war,  built  a  fort  and  encamped  here  through  the  winter « 
1746 -7. 


The  Iio: 

I'lcr  ilill 

the  ocean 

S/irrj)  M(, 

Aiiio/ig  1 

iaJvoh-fs  fjY 

*''"'T-,'<'  is  a 

foil  iJ;iy.      j 

liicturesque, 

''*  ^'"I'|>le-Cr 
i^i'Jkiiaj),  14 

pesaukeo.     J 

'^   foHdc'd    CO 

^^^m  rejiny.s  f 
''''"••■e  train 
'^i^taiice,  9(J 


^  riih-oad  ] 
'^"''  to  W.  Ossi 
points.    After 

•^J'Hiltoiiboro  I 
•'''Oiuids  in  pJe 
and  Os.'ipee  Mt 
^'i-eat  archipaJa. 

H'atlTS. 

,,;■'";  Ossipee  I„,| 
"'  -^fi'lvin  Rive,.; 
"»>'•'' the  Orenf  rl 
,^."lt'ie„ioii„t„inf 


."  "•  Jf-  of  Jf„ 
*■*   (I'oarding.iJ 


Bclknnp 
)boro. 

Oies  dally. 


^  a  tliriving 

59.  ItssU"- 
ue  views  iif'' 
iews  may  1'^ 

,ro.     15"ttk 

n  is  '2,U'0  ft. 
hole  leii<;tli  of 
au.l  till'  Ueavy 


Chocorua 


and 


clear  day  M^. 
visible  in  ^1'*; 
)ple  Crown 


of 


,umvaymainlj« 

•  course  to  Fort 

Bav.    T^ii^^^; 
^-oodecl  lull^  of 

iesof  this'^^H 
^,^.ayol'in?e>' 

and  after  uian} 
el  and  station  at  I 

edtlien'u"U]'i- 

good  felii'iS'l 

kas  a  fa^^SSl 
fcoastlv-^s^J 


CKNTKE  IIAUliOU  TO  CONWAY.    Route  32.     219 

The  hotel  ia  about  30  M.  from  Centre  Hurl)or.  Mt.  Mnjor  ntid  Proa- 
{iict  Hill  arc  in  the  vicinity,  and  cominaml  lieautilul  laki-vivws,  while 
i\w  ocean  may  be  seen  (in  clear  weather)  I'roni  the  top  of  rrospect. 
Shi'fp  Mt'  also  gives  a  broad  lake-view. 

Anionj?  the  longer  excnirsions  is  tliat  to  Longec  Pond,  near  a  cluster  of 
lalcelctH  from  which  flows  the  Sunoook  River.  Gilrnanton  Iron  Works 
villa;,'!!  is  a  little  way  S.  of  these  ponds,  which  arc  about  G  M.  from  Al- 
ton Bay.  6-8  M.  to  the  eastward  lies  Merrymecting  Lake,  an  irregular, 
liicturesque,  and  setpiesterod  pond  10  M.  in  eircuinfereneo,  N.  of  which 
is  roiiple-Crown  Mt.  The  favorite  excursion  from  Alton  l?ay  in  to  Mt. 
Ik'ikna]),  14  M.  N.  W.  on  the  .shores  of,  and  overlooking,  Lake  Winne- 
pesaukee.  Scats  in  the  carriage  which  runs  to  the  mt.  whenever  a  party 
is  formed  cost  $1.50  each,  and  the  noble  vievt'  of  lakes  and  nits,  moro 
tlian  repays  for  the  time  and  troubU-  of  the  journey. 

Three  trains  daily  (during  the  season)  leave  Alton  Bay  for  Boston. 
Dislanco,  90  M. ;  time  about  4  hrs.  (see  Iloute  38.) 

Centre  Harbor  to  '^.  Oesipce. 

A  railroad  line  has  been  surveyed  from  Meredith  througli  Centre  Har- 
bor to  W.  Ossipee.  Daily  stages  now  i)ass  between  these  last  -  named 
points.  After  leaving  the  Harbor,  Red  Hill  is  approached  and  passed, 
and  MouUuiiboro  Vomer  is  reached  iri  5  M.  from  tlii'  Senter  House. 
.Mi)ultouboro  has  a  small  inn  and  two  or  three  board i  g-houses,  and 
ul.ouiids  in  pleasant  scenery  which  is  rarely  visited.  R(  '  ;I  is  here, 
and  Os?ipee  Mt.,  also  the  long  and  ,se(]uestered  Moultonb<  with  its 

great  archipelago  of  picturesque  islets,  and  with  plenty  ol    .  ii  in  ita 
waters. 

The  Ossipee  Indinns  had  their  home  ne.ir  tliis  hny,  mid  many  relics  of  tlieju 
have  betin  fbuiul,  ehici  among  which  is  a  great  inonumeiital  mound  at  the  mouth 
(if  Melviu  River. 


"  Wherp  the  Grent  liOko'g  nunny  stnilei 
Dimplo  riiuiHl  its  hundroil  isloa, 
And  the  mountain  s  Kmiiitu  ledge 
CleuM'i  the  wnter  lil<e  ii  wedRc, 
Ringed  nhmit  witli  sinnntli,  t-'ray  stones, 
Rest  the  giant  g  mighty  bones. 

Close  hoside,  in  shndc  r.nd  RlenTti, 
I.'uwhs  mill  rippU'S  Molvin  sti-oani, 
'Ii'lvin  water,  tnoun'nin-born, 
rtil  I'.iir  (lowers  its  biinl<s  ndorn  ; 
All  the  wtjodliind  o  voices  meet. 
Mingling  with  its  miinnurs  sweet. 


Over  lowlnndu  forest-erown 
Over  waters  islnnd-strown, 
Over  silver-sanded  bench, 
l^ent'-tocked  buy  and  misty  rench, 
Melvin  stream  niid  bnriul-henp. 
Watch  un  J  ward  the  mountains  keep. 

Who  that  Titnn  cromlech  fills  ? 
Forest-kiilser,  lord  o"  the  hills  ? 
Kuijzht  who  on  the  birchen  tree 
Ciir.'ed  his  s.ivage  her  ildry  i 
I'riest  o  the  pine  wood  temples  dim, 
i'rophet,  s»ge,  or  wizard  grim  ?  ' 


Sec  Whittier'g  poem,  "  The  Grave  by  the  Lake." 

Ossipee  Park  is  a  patrician  siimnaer-rcsort  high  up  on  the  Ossipee  Range,  near 
IweiY  ca.'-eiides,  ami  overlooking  Wiuuepetiaukee.  Stages  IVoiu  Ceiitro  Harbor  (9  M.) 
SI  2  I'.  M.  dai  y  Near  by  is  Mt.  Sliaw,  the  highest  ol  the  Ossipee  peaks  (2,'J5U  ft.), 
*itli  a  tower  i  umuiauding  a  noble  view. 

ii  ^I.  X.  of  Moultonboro  Corner  is  the  pretty  village  of  Centre  Sand- 
wich (boarding-houses    of    Beede,    BurUigh,     Wiggin^    and    others), 


la 


i\i 


.1 . 


■vii 


k;i    ijl' 


m  -lU', 


1^  ;l 


mnom^imm 


220    JiuuteJ^. 


SANDWICH. 


il 


'  jii  ifi 


lii 


t4>    *' 


which  ia  in  a  narrow  vulley  nearly  surroiunled  l»y  monntnins.  The  scenery 
is  noble,  embracing  Ossipce  on  the  S.  E.,  Flod  Mill,  the  Sqimm  Mts.  on  the 
W.,  and  the  darlt  and  storm-worn  Sandwirh  Uari?;o  on  tho  N.  S(|n,iin 
Lake  is  on  the  S.  VV.  border  of  tho  town,  nnd  a  charming  road  leads  I'idih 
the  village  to  Plymnulh,  passing  for  several  miles  along  the  N.  and  \V. 
chores  of  the  lake,  witti  the  Sqnam  Mts.  on  tho  r.  Another  road  (sonio- 
what  arduons)  leads  across  a  high  monntuin-pass  to  Thornton,  in  tlip 
Pemigewasset  Valley,  while  a  bridle-path  loads  by  Flat-Mt,  Pond  to 
Waterville.  Beyond  S.  TnmvH>rlh  the  stage  i)aHses  near  IJearcamp  Pninl, 
and  follows  the  Bearcamp  River  down  to  the  lowlands  of  Taniworth  ainl 
Ossipee  towns. 
Wliittlor's  poem,  "  Amonp;  the  Hills,"  line  its  scene  laid  in  this  vielnity  wlioif 


"ThroHeh  flnndwich  notch  the  wcit-wlnd  iung 
(toort  morrow  t"  the  cotttT  t 
And  once  iignin  {'hoconm'H  horn 
(,'f  ihudow  pierced  the  wutvr. 


Above  hU  broad  Inke  Onfilpee 
Once  iiioro  the  mitinhiiu'  wcnrinir, 

Stooped,  truelnpon  tliiit  «llvcr  hliicld 
Hit  grim  nrnioriul  beuriiiif. ' 


And  many  are  the  weary  ones  Avho  still  come  here 

"  To  drink  the  wine  of  monntnin  air 
Beside  the  Ueareanip  Wutor." 

Wliiteface  (4,007  ft.  liigh)  is  the  most  imposing  of  the  Sandwich  Mts,. 
and  is  sometimes  ascended  from  Sandwich,  although  the  excnrsiim  is 
arduous  and  fatiguing.     The  view  is  magniticent,  emiiracing 

Winnepesaukee  on  the  S.  with  the  loftier  peaks  of  tiie  White  Mts.  on  the 
N.  On  the  N.  E.  is  Passaconaway,  a  noble  peak,  4,200  ft.  high,  wliich 
was  named  after  the  great  sagamore  of  Pennacook,  tho  most  jiowcrfiil 
Indian  prince  in  northeni  New  England,  early  in  the  17th  century,  lie 
governed  a  largo  confederacy  of  tribes  from  his  scat  at  Pennacook  (Con- 
cord), and  although  ho  strove  to  annihilate  the  English  by  necromantic 
arts,  he  never  put  his  warriors  in  arms  against  them  (see  page  222). 

Chocorun  nnd  Onsipee. 

The  road  soon  passes  out  to  W.  Ossipee  station,  on  the  Eastern  R.  R 
(Route  31).  It  is  18  M.  from  Cei\tre  Harbor,  by  way  of  Sandwich.  PKas- 
ant  e:  cursions  are  made  along  Bearcamp  River  and  into  Sandwich  town. 
Ossipee  Mt.  is  close  to  the  station,  and  the  highest  peak  i.s  but  2 --'3  ^{a\\>- 
tant.  A  grand  view  is  obtained  from  this  point,  while  Chocorua  looms  up| 
in  the  N.  and  Ossipee  Lake  is  in  the  S.  W 

The  bv-road  2  M.  bevond  the  Chocorua-Lake  House  leads  to  the  IlniH' 
mond  farm,  in  5  M.,  Avhence  a  plain  and  easy  path  leads  up  for  1]  lf( 
through  the  woods,  and  then  for  1  hr.  over  the  ledges  to  the  far-vievmi 
sharp  crest  of  Mt.  Chocorua. 


^1  th<>  s.t/f] 

'^"'''  in  tin 
(Frvcl,,;,.^,^ 

^ft.  rising  /„ 

'"  ilio  foot, 

"^"/v  //„„.,,[ 

"'^'  ""'iiiKaij,' 
"''">'"<'o,  crr„ 
''""""■'  MI..,,,,, 

"""'"'■•"■»,  awl  L 

pTM  of  V  •[,''"-"*    I 

'"'t.i,/s,„   *'.''-no<J 

■■•'''■'•  «•,•,,'/""'•'' ' 

'""■"■■'.  ibo  I./  '''* 
a 


Ossipee  Lake  is  about  4  INL  S.  E.     Tiie  road  follows  down  the  l5f>»        '^'  ^''e  Craw 
camp  valley  to  the  vicinity  of  the  lake.     In  the  Held  near  Daniel  •'^"'''»^*^':'yner  to  ^^^ 
farm-house  (1.  of  the  road)  is  an  Indian  mound,  nearly  50  ft.  in  '^^^Wli  %av '['f^J^^^ce 
eter,  from  which  several   skeletons   and  other  relics  have   been  ^^^^W''^  ^y  Route  30     f 


^^^^>^'V  cnorouvA. 


'"  ^f"' -'""«  Md  «„,,  nearer  th    ,i  "  ''■^-     ^"^ 

'""■"  '■"  "'«  «l'Hr,.  of  17  ,r     *''"  "''"  '"■«  *'•«  remains  of  r 

<^v- .).  J  J ;;  ,1 ;;-;;:' "''!-'"-..  after  Zl^^ZT'' ''''' 

•^ft.  n'sin,.  |,oMly  o,         ,   "7'"-"«  i-'K  about  10  sZl       y^"'  '^'^^o,  a 

rfoiit  the  mountain   u-i,;      ^.""'*^>  a»<i  other  fr  ?  li     ^'^**  '"''"w.     M.,.;,, 

?-!S'r/"'^*^-'''^'>rth  Conway 


il 


,( 


f   i 


.{■■'! 


;.[-ijM 


l! 


;|;ill 


rwiii 


:,i , 


■i  t '  I' 


I'' 


,1 


t 

..::  I  i 


I 


ll 


I' 


'I 


1 


,: 


222    Route  33.    THE  WHITE  MOUNTAINS   AND   N.  CONWAY. 

Winiiepesauket  (Route  32)  i8  crossed  to  Wolfboro',  and  Route  31  ic  followed  to 
N.  Conway.  Many  touri.sts  prefer  to  take  the  niglit  train  or  boat  to  Boston,  aud 
make  their  way  thence  to  tite  Wliite  Mts.  by  a  morning  train. 

Boston  to  the  White  Mis.  {d.)  liy  route  31,  tlirough  Lynn,  Salem,  Newbur>7)nrt, 
and  Portsmouth  to  N.  Conway.  By  this  route  tl.e  distanee  from  Boston ' to  x! 
Conway  is  137  M.  ;  to  the  Crawford  House,  102  1^1.  :  to  tlie  Glen  House,  Vol  M. 

(p.)  By  Routes  29  and  30,  throu.nh  Lowell,  Nashua,  Manchester,  and  ComoM, 
to  Weirs.  Plymouth,  and  the  Fabyan  House.     Or  by  crossing  Lake  Winncpesau' 


ktJ  from  Wei. 
from  Centre 
(/)  By  - 
and  follow 
Fab van  a 

(.7.)  P       - 
31  to  > 

thenc 
Pot 


Cr 


^^ 


^o  Wolfboro,  reach  N.  Conwav  by  Route  31  (or  ''y  the  stayi'-roiite 

)r). 
„ .  to  Wolfboro,  thence  crossing  Lake  Winnepesaukee  to  V.'oirs, 
'\c,\\\    30  to  Plymouth,  Littleton,  and  the  Francunia  Mts.,  or  to  the 
ivn  f"  d  Houses. 

to  Alton  Day,  and  thence  by  steamer  to  WoUljoro  aii'l  \\n\\\f 
or  to  Centre  Harbor  and  Route  32  {ad  fincm) ;  or  to  Weirs,  mil 
mte  ^0,  as  in  ( / ). 

ad  the  East  to  the  Uliitr.  Mts.     (h.)  By  Route  30  to  N.  Conway  (00 M.), 
and  thei.ce  by  rail  to  the  Cr.iwford  H.iuse  (or  by  stage  to  the  Glen). 

(i  )  By  Route  40,  to  the  village  of  Gcrham  (91  M.) ;  and  thence  by  stage  totlie 
Glen  House  and  Crawford  House. 

Montreal  and  Quebec  to  the  JVhite  Mts.  (j.)  By  Route  40  (Grand  Trunk  Railway) 
to  Gorham,  !^^6  M.  fnun  Montreal,  and  226  M.  from  Que'oec. 

Albany  and  Saratoga  to  the  JVhite  Mts.  (k.)  By  R  '^ps  53  and  28  to  Rutland. 
thence  by  Route  28  to  Bellows  Falls,  and  thence  bj  ,. :  'te  River  Junction  and 
■VVells  River  to  Littleton  and  the  Fabyan  House.    Or  via  Magnam  Bay. 

PedestrianlsniL  has  never  obtained  much  favor  in  America,  but  wlion  t!ie 
present  post  bdlum  era  of  prodigality  and  pretence  has  passed  away,  we  may  Imi"; 
to  see  these  mountain  i)eaks  and  gorges  enlivened  by  i)arties  of  summer  raiiiWeis 
who  will  gain  heultli  and  strength  from  inspiring  walks  in  the  i)ure,  swiet  air. 
The  gentry  of  Old  England,  with  their  ladies,  are  fond  of  passing  thus  tluoui,'li  the 
Swiss  Ali>3  or  the  Scottish  Highlands,  and  when  the  i)eople  here  shall  ailoi>t  this 
nu)de  of  summer  travel,  the  physical  culture  of  New  England  will  reach  a  !ii;.'li(r 
standard.  Many  admirable  pedestri.m  routes  may  bo  made  through  the  Wliit'' 
Mts.,  but  the  tourist  should  have  plenty  of  time,  and  be  well  and  lightly  fiiuipnJ 
(see  Introduction,  IV.)    A  good  lield-gJass  will  be  found  of  essential  ser\  ic  c 


The  White  Mts.  were  called  Agiochook  ("Mts.  of  the  Snowy  Forehead anl 

Home  of  the  Great  fc'pirit")  by  some  of  the  Indian  tribes,  and  Kan  Iiui  Vii_^ir;y 
("the  continued  likeness  of  a  gull")  by  others.     The  Algouquins  called  tUi 
SVaumbek  (White  Rock)  or  Waumbeket-Methna,  and  the  natives  had  the  iitnu-i 
reverence  for  these  mts.,  believing  them  to  be  the  home  and  throne  of  the  Gm.: 
bpirit.     But  rarely  did  the  Indians  ascend  the  higher  peaks,  since  it  wa.s  icimi!' 
among  the  tribes  that  no  intruder  upon  these  sacred  heights  was  ever  kmnvn  toi 
return  to  his  people.    There  was  a  legend  that  the  Great  Spirit  once  bore  a  blaiiir 
less  chief  and  his  wife  in  a  mighty  whirlwind  to  the  sunmiit  of  Agiochook,  while 
the  world  below  was  oversjircad  by'a  flood  which  destroyed  all  the  jieoide.  A| 
wilder  and  more  recent  tradition  is  to  the  ell'ect  that  the  great  Passacoiiaway, 
wizard-king  of  the  widespread  Pennacook  confederation  (who  ruled  tioiii  a- 
1G20  to  IGOO).  was  wont  to  comnuuie  with  celestial  messengers  on  tlu;  suiiiniit  (ij 
Agiochook,  whence  he  was  finally  borne  to  heaven  in  a  flaming  chariot.    Swl 
authorities  claim  that  a  piirty  of  Englishmen  visited  these  mts.  in  IC'll  --',  '"'i'- 
latest  historians  credit  theiV  discovery  to  Darby  Field,  who  came  up  (vm  i 
coast  in  1(542.     The  Indian  villagers  at  Pe(piawket(Fryeburg) earnestly  ciuli'av'i 
to  dissuade  him  from  the  nsceut,  telling  him  that  he  wouhl  never  ivtuiii  alu 
I3ut  he  i>ressed  on  with  his  two  sea-shore  Indians,  passing  through  (ioiul-lwi!''! 
and  storms  until  he  reached  the  last  i)eak,  whence  he  saw  "the  sea  by  .Sain, U 
gulf  of  Canada,  and  the  great  lake  Canada  River  came  out  of."    lb'  toiiinl  maij 
crystals  here,  which  he  thought  were  diamonds,  aud  from  which  tiie  chain  w| 
bore  the  name  of  "  the  Chrystall  Hills."    Tradition  says  th..t  in  17C'')  a  paitv;! 
of  Rogers'  Rangers,  recreating  from  St.  Francis,  were  led  up  Israel's  Kivfr  lal 
these  defiles  by  a  treacherous  Indian  guide,  and  all  of  them  died  exccjt one, wi" 
reached  the  settlements  with  his  knapsack  filled  with  human  flesh,     It  wa.< 


that  this  J) 
and  .spceivi, 
short  le;rn 
*he  oiitlvin. 
h'veil  on'thc 

CTvo  thi'  urn' 

^thc    •;;,„„ 

•'""'iiiit  Hoi 
after.  I„  ^, 
■■"iiiiiiiit,  and 

'■•"'yliVflati 
peiilJ<.|„,in  sta 
the  siiiiiiuit  fr 

£lli,'Il.sh  fr,,„t,^, 

f ''It  |.rc(;ij.ic( 

r'»r  some  year. 

"le  iiietcoiv,j„„ 

pnionron  fj,e7; 

'••'.'"•c/ihcio  )ia 
'"^■'ty  or  100  M 

"  I'he  geologi, 
ff  ^-s.-i.  j.Iace ,., 

"  ■^'"■^  a  fe,v  c 
;7'<,''"f  micas, 

cam  '""'■  °''  *»"" 
(*'R  Chahlbs  I  V 
v^tmssofthe' 


,  hotels.  *Keir 

troadyie.vfrou,?q 
■.'-14  a  week:  M\ 
•VComvay  House  I 
^'•fr-'-'-    There  „re  ,'' 

KHiiroads.    tI 

'■*  '^■"'y  (tlirou^hl 

fCnf'^  'roni  (;ie| 

«^''.'ine,l  n^'^  "»f 
hen     ■     '^  ''annus  iJ 

,/°^th  Conway 
r,'^'"!  "ol)!e  ^fol 


NORTH   CONWAY. 


liiitUc  oJ. 


2i3 


.,1  i    I 


1^1! 


,.  y 


Trunk  RaUvvayl 

2s  to  Il"^^!»"'\ 
■ev  Junction  and 

8u;unervau..W; 
ential  scvvUc 


Is  on  ti"'  ■.  ,    Si'V.«l 


that  this  i>arty  bore  the  great  silver  image  taken  fVoin  the  church  at  St.  Francis, 
and  spvnral  of  tlie  early  hunters  made  earin'  '  'luest  after  this  sacred  relic.  A 
short  10,1,'endary  era  followed,  and  tlien  the  1'  cr  colonists  lic'.'an  to  move  into 
the  outlying  slens.  In  1771  the  Notch  was  .liseovereil ;  in  ]7f2  Ahcl  Crawford 
lived  on  the  Giant's  Grave  ;  in  1803  a  small  tavern  was  built  there  ;  and  in  July, 
1820,  a  i>.irty  of  seven  f;<'ntlpnu>u  slei)t  on  the  summit  of  Mt.  Washin;.;tnn,  aiul 
CTve  the  names  which  the  ininciiial  imaks  still  bear.  In  ISIO  thclirst  bridle-path 
totlif  ".iumit  was  cut.  and  a  small  stone  hut  was  erected  near  that  jv.tint.  Tiie 
Siiiiiinit  House  was  built  in  1S.j2,  and  the  Tiit-To])  House  was  completed  shortly 
after.  In  Sejitember,  1S55,  a  small  J'arty  started  one  aftermxm  to  walk  to  the 
siuiiinit,  and  being  without  a  guide  became  bewildered  and  lost,  and  one  yoiuig 
hdy  died  at  midnight  irom  cold  and  weariness.  In  the  next  August,  a  Delaware 
fieiitieiiian  started  I'rom  the  Glen  without  a  guide,  in  the  afternoon,  and  died  near 
the  suMunit  from  exposure  to  a  cold  night  storm.  Late  in  October,  IS'il,  a  ymng 
Enjrlisli  j,'entlenian  ascended  alone  from  Crawford's  to  tlie  summ't.  and  fell  from  a 
L'leit  precipice  into  the  Amnionoosuc  Valley,  where  his  mangled  corpse  was  found. 
For  some  ycai-s  the  sunnnit  has  been  occupied  during  the  winter  as  a  station  of 
the  meteorological  department  of  the  U.  S.  Aruiy.  and  the  njcn  on  duty  have  ex- 
ptrieneed  the  most  intense  cold  and  watched  territic  st(n'nis.  The  thermometer 
fF:i!ireiiluit)  has  descended  to  59  below  zero,  and  the  winds  have  attained  a  ve- 
locity onoo  M.  an  hour. 

"  the  geological  features  of  Mt.  Washington  possess  but  little  interest.  The 
rocks  in  place  consist  of  a  ('oarse  variety  of  mica  slate,  passing  into  gneiss,  which 
contains  a  few  crystals  of  Idack  tourmaline  and  quartz."  The  cone  is  covered  with 
lilociss  of  mica  slate.  The  flora  of  the  upper  region  is  nearly  ideutieal  with  tiiat 
nf  Labrador  and  Lapland.  "The  period  when  the  White  Mts.  ceased  to  be  a  group 
of  islands,  or  when,  by  the  emergence  of  the  Murounding  low  land,  they  first  be- 
came comieetwi  with  the  c(nitinent,  is  of  very  modern  date,  geologically  speaking." 
(Sir  Charles  Lyell.)  Below  the  broken  and  distorted  stratum  of  mica  slate,  the 
vast  mass  of  the  mountains  is  of  granite. 

North  Conway. 

Hotels.  *  Kearsarge  House,  300  guests,  $  10  -  21  a  week,  —  a  fine  structure,  with  a 
brouJ  view  from  the  central  tower ;  *  Sunset  I'avilion,  opposite  the  Episcopal  church, 
ST- 14  a  week  ;  M'^.'.iillan  llou.-e,  S.  of  the  village  ;  Eastman  House,  :#  7  -10  a  week  ; 
N.Couway  House,  iu  the  village;  Intervale  lIou.se,  about  2  M.  N.,  near  Mt.  Kiar- 
fart'e.  Tliere  are  over  20  lartfe  suuuner  boarding-hou.-es  in  and  around  N  Conway, 
Lio>t  of  whicl-  are  couilortable  and  quiet.  Their  prices  range  from  $7.00  to  .•?  12.00 
a  week. 

Railroads.  The  Eastern  Railroad  isee  Route  31)  runs  two  express  trains  each 
v:iv  dailv  (through  tiio  summer)  between  Boston  and  N.  Conwav,  iu  5  liours.  Dis. 
iiiice,  137  M.;  fare,  85.00.  Tlie  trains  are  provided  with  Pullman  parlor-cars. 
ilio  I'ordand  and  Ogdensburg  Railroad  runs  three  trains  daily  each  way  (tlirougii 
tiiCHimuicr)  between  Portland  and  N.  Conway.  Distance  00  M.,  time  2A  -3  hours 
(*u  Route  yy).  This  line  connects  a'  Portland  «ith  steamers  for  Uoston,  and  tndus 
ruu  \y.  from  N.  Conway  to  the  Crawtu.a  and  Fabyaa  Houses  and  the  Connecticut- 
IRivo.'  Valley,  traversing  the  White-Mountain  Notch. 

Stages  iron)  Glen  Station  every  morning  and  also  about  mid-nfternoon  for  the 
lOi'ulIouse.  Public  conveyances  ruu  frequently  (but  irregularly)  to  the  points  of 
I  interest  in  the  vieinity. 

Post-OlHce  and  telegraph  facilities  are  found  In  the  village  :  carriages  may  be 
|oM;iined  at  various  livery-stables;  there  are  several  stores  where  nio.st  articles  may 
]U  obtained  ;  and  there  arc  four  churches,  Bapt.,  Cong.,  Meth.,  and  JOiiis. 

North  Conway  is  a  pretty  village,  luigcly  composed  of  liot<ils  and  .sum- 

Iffitr  boarding-liouses,  situated  on  a  natural  terrace  30  ft.  above  the  inter- 

Ivakof  the  Saco  River,  which  is  about  ^  M.  distant.     "On  the  W.,  the 

Ifesand  noble  Moat  Mt.  guards  it  ;  on  the  E.,  tho  rough,  less  lofty,  and 

IWi.flinn; Rattlesnake  Ridge  helps  to  wall  it  in,  —unattractive  enough  in  the 


lilii 


i 


.:y 


■•:^i 


4 


!■;    Jl 


■  i  '  f  i 


l"^ 


If 


I'M 


'm%\ 


V 


!  tiv 


III  II 


I  ' 


fn 


iijiiMwriiir 


1.11. 

11 


lb 


ll 


I  i  I 


hi 


W 


'Lhli 


liiw 


224    Route  33. 


NORTH  CONWAY. 


ordinary  daylight,  but  a  great  i.-.voiiteof  the  setting  sun,  which  delights  to 
glorify  it  with  Tyrian  drapery.  On  the  S.  W.,  Chocorua  manages  to  get 
a  peep  of  its  lovely  meadows.  Almost  the  whole  line  of  the  White  Mts, 
proper,  crowned  in  the  centre  by  tlie  dome  of  Mt.  Washington,  closes  the 
view  on  the  N.  W.  and  N.,  — only  12  or  15  M.  distant  by  the  air.  ilt. 
Washington  does  not  seem  so  much  to  stand  up,  as  to  lie  out  at  ease  along 
the  North.  The  leonine  grandeur  is  there,  but  it  is  the  lion  not  erect,  but 
couchant,  a  little  sleepy,  stretcliing  oiit  his  paws  and  enjoying  the  s    i. 

"  The  distinction  of  N.  Conway  is,  that  it  is  a  large  naturarpoem  in 
landscape,  —  a  quotation  from  Arcadia,  or  a  suburb  of  Paradise.  And 
then  the  sunsets  of  N.  Conway !  Coleridge  asked  Mont  Blanc  if  he 
had  '  a  charm  to  stay  the  morning  star  in  his  steep  course.'  It  is  time  for 
some  poet  to  put  the  question  to  those  bewitching,  elm-sprinkled  acres 
that  border  the  Saco,  by  what  sorcery  they  evoke,  evening  after  eieiiing, 
upon  the  heavens  that  watch  them,  such  lavish  and  Italian  bloom.  Nay, 
it  is  not  Italian,  for  the  basis  of  its  beauty  is  pure  blue,  and  the  skies  of 
Italy  are  not  nearly  so  blue  as  those  of  New  England.  One  sees  more 
clear  sky  in  eight  summer  weeks  in  Conway,  probably,  than  in  the  com- 
pass of  an  Italian  year."    (Starr  Kino.) 

Mount  Kiarsarge,  or  Peqnawket,  is  3  M.  from  the  village,  and  attains 
a  height  of  3,251  ft.  above  the  sea.    A  bridle-path  (horses  $  2.00  and  guides 
$2.00  each)  has  been  made  to  the  summit  (hotel  liere  blown  down  iii  1883). 
The  view  froni  tills   poiut  embraces  the  village  and  the  valley  of  tlie 
Saco,  with  the  great  range  of  the  Moat  Mt.  beyond,  "  its  wooded  wall 
upreared  as  if  for  the  walk  of  some  angel  sentinel. "    In  the  N.  and  W. 
is  a  vast  throng  of  mountains,  grouped  "  in  relation  to  the  two  great 
centres,  —  the  notched  summit  of  Lafayette  and  the  noble  dome  of  Wash- 
ington."    Lafayette  is  N.  of  W.,  28  -  30  M.  distant,  and  is  the  loftiest  of 
the  Francouia  Mts.     Tlie  view  of  Mt.  Washington  from  Kiarsarge  is 
of  the  best  attainable,  while  in  the  opposite  direction,  100  M.  S.  W. 
filmy  outline  of  Monadiiock  gleams  like  a  sai^  just  fading  out  upon  a  vasi 
sea."     Schago  Lake,  Fryeburg  village,  and  Lnvcwell's  Pond  are  seen  i 
the  S.  E.  and  R.     Kiarsarg-e  Village,  at  the  foot  of  the  mt.,  has  suiiim.- 
houses,  Merrill  House,  Summer  House  (GO  guests),  &c.  (.1^6-10  a  weik 
At  Intervale  are  the  Intervale  House,  Bellevue,  Tasker's,  and  others. 

Tlie  Ledges  are  3  M.  from  the  village,  beyond  the  Saco,  where  Moat  " 
terminates  in  clitTs  ranging  from  100  to  960  ft.  in  height,  and  extend: 
nearly  5  M.     The  river  is  shallow,  and  is  crossed  by  a  covered  hri 
near  beautiful  view-points.     A  curious  formation  of  white  rock  (loo] 
ing  like  a  horse  dashing  up)  which  was  once  visible  on  the  clills  (pa 
of  it  are  still  seen  from  N.  Conway),  has  caused  the  name  of  White  Ih 
Ledge  to  be   applied  to  a  part  of  these  cliffs.    The  Cathei'ral  i 
singular  cavity  in  the  rock  (100  ft.  above  the  river  and  easily  reached 


otiei 
"tlief 


fOV/IU£ 


HtlfiM 


\i. 


''Vi 


\n 


H 


'i'\, 


rf^ 


rrr 


n»/i.or.4«r.» 


LUNi 


'it 


V    E    R   NKyO  N  T^ 


'.V. 


■\^,  '/ ■■ 


I'lM     ^i 


i'l:. 


I  i 

ilk  J 

-I,,, 
"if 


IS3M:' 


'■tied. 


'"illJtX 


■'|uc/l 


NORTH   CONWAY. 


RotUe  SS.     225 


ft.  wide,  40  ft.  long,  and  60  ft.  high,  where  the  ledge  bends  over  in  an 
arch  above,  and  several  tall  trees  fonn  the  outer  vail,  "  Aud  truly  the 
waters,  frosts,  and  storms  that  scooped  and  grooved  its  curves  and  niches, 
seem  to  have  combined  in  frolic  mimicry  of  Gothic  art.  The  whole  front 
of  the  recess  is  shaded  by  trees,  which  kindly  stand  apart  just  enough  to 
frame  olT  Kiarsarge  in  lovely  symmetry,  — so  that  a  more  romantic  rest- 
ing-place for  an  hour  or  two  in  a  warm  afternoon  can  hardly  be  imagined. ' 
Belovthe  White-Horse  is*  Echo  Lake,  a  beautiful  little  loch  under  the 
shallow  of  the  cliffs,  which  throw  back  an  echo  over  its  tranquil  waters. 
A  little  way  N.  of  the  Cathedral  is  a  fine  double  fall,  above  and  below 
wliicli  are  several  deep  basins  in  the  solid  rock,  filled  with  sparkling 
water,  one  of  which  is  known  as  Diana's  Bath. 

The  Artists'  Falls  are  in  the  forest  1^  M.  E.  of  the  village,  and,  though 
insignificant  in  themselves,  are  in  combination  with  beautiful  group- 
ings of  rock  and  woodland  scenery.  The  Artists'  Ledge  is  some  distance 
S.  of  these  falls,  and  commands  noble  *  views  of  the  village  and  valley 
witli  Mt.  Washington  looming  far  above  and  beyond  them.  Chocorua  is 
fieu  in  the  S.  E.  acntss  the  level  and  luxuriant  valley.  The  White-Mt. 
Mhicral  Spring  is  4  M.  S.;  and  Conway  Corner  is  1  ^I.  beyond. 

Excursions  are  made  from  N.  Conway  to  Tliorn  Ilill,  9  M.;  Dundee, 
12  M.;  Jockey  Cap,  and  Lovewell's  Pond,  in  Fryeburg,  11  -13  M. ;  Mount 
Chocorua,  18  At. ;  .Tacksou  Falls,  0-9  M. ;  "Around  the  Square,"  a  favorite 
drive  near  Mt.  Kiarsarge,  5  M. ;  and  up  the  narrow  western  valley  to  Swift- 
River  Fall?,  18  M.,  with  Chocorua  on  the  1.  Champney's  Falls  are  visited 
bv  this  road,  and  are  very  beautiful  in  high  water.  Good  paths  lead  to 
the  tops  of  Moat  Mt.,  6i  M.;  Peaked  Mt.,  2\  M. ;  and  jNIiddle  Mt.,  3  M. 
N.  Conway  to  the  Glen  House  and  Gorham. 
Soon  after  leaving  the  village,  the  Cathedral  Woods  and  Mr.  Bigelow's 
elegant  cottage  are  quickly  passe<l,  and  line  views  are  afforded  of  the  uii- 
per  intervales,  undisfigured  by  railway  trestles  and  embankments.  Mt. 
Kiarsarge,  on  the  r.,  appears  in  constantly  changing  forms,  as  the  Inter- 
vale and  Pequawket  Houses  arepas.sed,and  opposite  the  East  Branch  Houso 
is  a  foot-path  by  which  this  "  charming  pyramid  "  is  sometimes  ascended. 
After  the  road  crosses  the  East  Branch  of  the  Saco  it  bends  to  the  W. 
I  >ii'!  affoids  a  comprehensive  view  of  the  Conway  valley.  Shortly  after 
passing  Stilphen's  (uirler  Cedar  Mt.)  a  fine  retrospective  view  of  Kiar- 
prge  is  afforded.  Thorn  Mt.  is  now  seen  on  the  r.  and  Iron  Mt.  on  the 
liii  advance),  aud  the  road  passes  over  Goodrich  Falls,  whicii  may  be 
Ivifcwud  from  the  rocks  on  the  r.  bank,  or,  better  still,  frora  the  shore 
Ibtlow  (short  but  steep  path).  These  falls  are  on  the  Ellis  River,  and  have 
pen  ruined  by  a  mill-dam.  As  the  stage  now  passes  along  the  Ellis  Pdver 
I'lvquent  glinij;ses  of  the  mts.  appear,  and  Jackson  City  is  soon  reached. 
10*  O 


<     ,  '  ! 


n 


1  'I 


m 


ill  fit 


1 )'' 


I 


:i  I 


:iil 


:    (| 


226    Route  33.         JACKSON. —  GLEN    HOUSE. 

Jackson.  —  (*Tkorn-Mt.  I/ouae  and  Wentworth  Ifftll,  200  jjnosis. 
J5  l().r)0-2l  a  woek;  Jackson-Falls  House,  $9-14;  Glvn-Kllh  IIuum 
$8-15;  C.  Ji.  Gale,  S.  W.  Gray,  J.  D.  Towle,  W.  E.  Elkins  ($G-U). 

The  Jackson  people  bcrmiic  fliscontonted  fluring  the  Secession  Wnr,  on  nrmmit 
of  crushing  taxes,  and  after  some  acts  of  violence  on  their  part,  it  was  foiiml 
necessary  to  occupy  the  ])lHce  with  U.  S.  troojis,  who  were  quartered  in  the  rlniidi. 
The  town  was  settled  in  1778,  and  in  17W  came  Capt.  Pinkham  and  five  taimlits 
on  snow-shoes  and  sledges.  Shortly  alter,  Daniel  Pinkham  built  a  riiijc  icM 
through  the  notch  which  still  bears  his  name,  and  the  litMe  settlement  was  lallil 
New  AIadl>ury.  In  1800  this  name  was  changed  to  Adams,  and  in  ISii'.i,  whw 
Adams  and  Jackson  were  candidates  for  the  Presidency,  and  the  latter  received 
every  vote  (except  one)  in  the  town,  it  took  the  name  of  Jaelison. 

Many  rare  minerals  are  found  here,  and  tin-mines  have  been  worked  on 
one  of  tlie  hills.     This  central  plaza  in  tlie  city  of  hills  is  much  freciuented 
in  summer  by  artists,  trout-fishers,  and  lovers  of  quiet  and  s>^(iiustt'rcd 
scenv-»ry.     The  Juclcson  Falls  are  close  to  the  village  (seen  from  tlie  brid^'e 
over  Wildcat  Brook  on  the  r.),  and  are  very  beautiful  in  high  water.    Iron 
Mt.  -.s  2,900  ft.  high  and  looms  up  on  the  1.,  while  Tin  Mt.  is  outlier. 
Eagifi  Mt.  on  the  N.  is  rounded  on  the  r.  after  leaving  the  village.    The 
road  now  ascends  through  tlie  thickening  forest  with  the  Ellis  River  en 
the  1.,  while  occasional  glimpses  of  Carter  Dome  are  obtained  on  the  r, 
No  houses  are  seen  in  this  desolate  pass,  and  7  SI.  beyond  Jackson  the 
path  to  the  Glen  Ellis  Fall  is  seen  on  the  r.     4 -.5  M.  beyond  ;with  oica- 
sional  glimpses  of  Tuckeniian's  Ravine  and  the  slopes  of  Mt.  Washing- 
ton), the  spacious  *  Glen  House  is  reached.     This  hotel  accommodates 
500  guests  {$  4.  .50  a  day),  keeps  a  band  of  music  through  the  summer,  and 
has  a  parlor  and  dining-room,  each  of  which  is  100  by  45  ft.  in  dimensions. 
"  The  Glen  House  is  at  the  very  base  of  the  monarch,  and  Adams,  Jeffc-r- 
son,  Clay,  and  Madison   bend  around  towards  the  E.  with  no  lower  hills 
to  obstruct  the  impression  of  their  height."    The  Glen  is  1,632  ft.  above 
the  .sea,  and  820  ft.  above  Gorham,  and  is  watered  by  Peabody  River  anJ 
stirrounded  by  lofty  peaks.     On  the   E.  is  the  long  dark  ridge  of  the! 
forest-covered  Carter  Mt.,  and  on  the  W.  is  the  noble  brotherhood  of  thej 
five  chief  peaks  of  New  England.     Mt.  Madison  (5,365  ft. )  is  4  M.  N.  V. 
in  an  air- line,  and  next  in  the  majestic  group  comes  the  sharp  and  s}Tii| 
metrical  pyramid  of  Mt.  Adams  (5,794  ft.).     The  massive  crest  of  Jit: 
Jefferson  (5,714  ft.)  comes  next,  then  Mt.  Clay  (5,553  ft.),  and  S.  E.ofj 
the  hotel  the  summit  of  Mt.  Washington  ((5, 293  ft.)  is  seen  peciiiig  over! 
lofty  spurs   and  secondary  peaks.     "  MAJ.  Clay  Washington  "  is  a  lori 
mula  which  fixes  in  the  mind  the  order  of  these  mountains.    A  better  vie»| 
is  obtained  by  ascending  for  a  few  huii<lred  ieet  tlienit.  behind  the  hoteLj 

Thompson's  Falls  are  about  2  M.  S.  W.  of  the  Glen  House,  ami  i 
guide-beard  on  the   1.  shows   the  point  where  the  N.  Conway  rcidi 
quitted,  and  a  forest-path  is  entered.     The  falls  are  \  M.  from  the  rci^ 
and  the  brook  may  be  followed  up  for  a  considerable  distance,  the  wall 
airording  grand  retrospective  views  of  Mt.  Washington  and  Tuckai>ii33j 


Ravine.     Nc 

the  Emerald 

The  *  Cryt 

the  forest  to 

i  -V.  of  conti 

eniian's   Rii\- 

oji)>nsite. 

"Down  it  Of 

(fatheriiij,'  its  t: 

"■.■i.vtliiis,  from 

f'il  it  reaches 

ar^iiiul  it,  swee 

i|iii.site  civstal,  I 

aii'l  trieUe  over 

mcks.    We  neve 

tlie  jioctry  with  ' 

•^  loll;' and  (liff 

iJie  (,'a.scaiie  falls 

The  *Glen  ! 

mi!!C<l  by  a  pJi 
the  forest.     Th 
plunges  down  7( 
wliich  it  has  cr 
descent  of  20  f| 
"'lie  slide  and  fc 
sidashes  into  th( 
"  iK'ai't  of  mt. 
•'fi'Ps  to  the  edge 
^"ly  gi'ace  tha't 
.™"fli,  tlie  spirit] 

The  G'<(r7ici  . 
^H  and  .show 
.^"er.    About  ij 
's  i-eaclieil  (near 
'orted  human  facl 
f  the  Glen  Housj 

^'^■"  Station,  by 


Hotels,    *Aij,i\ 

I  J»ae«8  to  the  gI 

'•^•^Jf-Waslunjftonf 

!  Railroad.    The| 

ijO^"'  *-•  iiU.  and 


\r,  on  nrcoimt 

it  was  fimnil 

in  the  ili\inli. 

(\  live  t'llllulii'S 

it  a  vu'lc  wA 
U'Ut  was  callrl 

ill  \^'".\  ^''l;'" 

latter  iiaivid 

len  worked  on 
icU  frL'(\u(.'ntcd 
hI  sc'q\usti.T.d 
roni  the  brid^je 
rh  wat (.■!•.    Iron 
Mt.  is  on  the:, 
le  village.    T>.e 
e  Ellis  lliver  en 
aineil  on  the  r. 
lid  Jackson  the 
■owl  ^with  occa- 
,f  Mt.  Washing- 
1  accoinniotbtes 
the  si\nm-.er,  wii 
t,  in  dimensions, 
id  Adams,  Jef^ff- 
h  no  lower  lii'ls 
g  1,632  ft.  al'o" 
;abody  River  and 
lark  ridge  of  the 
•otlierliood  of  tlie 

t.)is4M.  N.\\' 
sharp  and  s\in- 
•sive  crest  of  Mt 
ft.),  andS.E.oi 

seen  r^'^'''"'5  °"1 
lungton-isafofl 

ins.    Al^ettervii 

bel.indthe  ho^^l 

■len  House,  awl  i 

^.  Comvay  ro^^ 

H.  from  the  rciJ 

distance,  the  «al| 

and  Tucker-VK'Sf 


GOKHAM. 


Route  33.     227 


Hiivine.     Not  far  from  these-  falls  is  the  (juiet  aud  secluded  basin  called 
the  Emerald  Pool. 

The  *  Crystal  Cascade  is  gained  by  a  path  leading  from  the  road  into 
tlie  forest  to  the  r.,  al)out  1  M.  beyor,d  Tliomp.son'.s  Falls.  There  is  about 
},  M.  of  continuou.s  ascent  to  the  fall,  which  is  near  the  nioutli  of  Tuck- 
enuan's  Ravine,  aud  is  best  seen  from  a  high  and  moss-covered  ledge 
opposite. 

"Down  it  cnmca,  leaping,  slidinit.  trippinR,  widening  its  pure  tide,  and  then 
gatlieiiiiK  its  thin  sheet  to  yu.sli  tiiroi.^li  a  niirrowiiig  p.iss  in  tlie  rocks,  —  all  the 
way  thus,  finm  under  the  sheer  w;ills  of  Tm.-kcrnian's  Uiivine,  some  miles  above, 
till  it  reaelies  the  curve  ojjposite  tlie  point  on  which  we  stand,  and  winding 
arniiiid  it,  sweeps  down  the  beudin<5  si  .  rway.  sliattering  its  substiince  into  ex- 
i|iiisite  civstal,  but  aendinj;  off  enough  waier  to  the  right  side  of  its  path  to  slip 
ami  trickle  over  tlie  lovely,  dark-green  mosses  tliat  cling  to  the  gray  and  purple 
rocks.  We  never  hiok  at  tlie  Crystal  Cascade  without  re\  ering  and  rejoicing  over 
tlieiinetvy  with  which  nature  invests  the  birth  of  so  common  a  thing  as  water." 

Aliiiisiuul  difficult  ascent  along  the  brook-bank  leads  into  Tuckermau's  Ravine. 
The  Cascade  falls  about  80  ft. 

The  *Glen  Ellis  Fall  is  about  4  M.  from  the  Glen  Houso,  and  is 
eai'icd  by  a  plank-walk  turning  to  the  1.  from  the  N.  Conway  road  into 
the  forest.  This  is  the  finest  fall  ir  the  mts.,  and  the  Ellis  River  here 
phiiiges  down  70  ft.  in  one  thick  white  mass,  half  sunk  in  a  deep  channel 
wliicli  it  has  cut  in  the  cliff.  The  steep  fall  of  70  ft.  is  prefaced  by  a 
descent  of  20  ft.  at  a  sharp  angle.  From  the  top  of  the  cliff  one  sees 
"  the  slide  and  foam  of  the  narrow  and  concentrated  cataract  to  where  it 
sphvshes  nito  the  dark  green  pool,  100  ft.  below."  A  better  view  of  this 
"  heart  of  mt.  wildness  "  is  gained  by  descending  a  long  series  of  rude 
steps  to  tlie  edge  of  the  pool  below  the  fall.  "  It  is  feminine  and  maid- 
enly grace  that  is  illustrated  by  the  Crystal  Cascade  ;  it  is  masculine 
youth,  tlie  spirit  of  heroic  adventure,  tliat  is  suggested  by  this  stream." 

The  Garnet  Pools  are  1  M.  N.  of  the  Glen  House,  near  the  Gorhani 
road,  aud  show  some  curious  rock-carving  in  the  bed  of  the  Peabody 
River.  Alwut  1^  M.  beyond,  by  crossing  the  bridge  to  the  1.,  the  point 
is  reached  (near  a  farmhouse)  where  the  singular  appearance  of  a  dis- 
torted human  face  is  seen  on  a  peak  of  Imp  Mt.  Gorham  is  8  M.  N.  E. 
of  the  Glen  House,  with  which  it  is  connected  by  semi-daily  stages  (fare, 
§  l.dD)  ninuing  down  the  valley  of  the  Peabody  Kiver.  It  is  1-4  M.  from 
ijk'ii  Station,  by  dai!y  stages,  to  tlie  Glen  House. 

Gorham. 
Hotels*    *  Alpine  House,  a  first-class  hotel,  witL  livery-stable,  etc. 

Stages  to  the  Glen  House  twice  daily.  Mountain-wagons  run  irregularly  to 
l:*"  Mt  -Wiisliington  yuminit  House,  and  over  the  Cherry-Mountain  road. 

Kailroad.  The  Grand  Trunk  Railway  runs  to  Portland  (01  M.)  in  4  J  -  5  hours. 
Bytauiii;.;  the  train  to  Northumberland  (31  M.  N.  AV.),  a  connection  is  made  wiih 
I'll"  B.  C.  4[  M.  and  White  Mts.  R.  R.,  running  to  Lancaster  aud  Littleton  (Route 


'11 


.}m 


* 


<  ! 


m  ■ 


228    Ro'ute  SS. 


(i(HUlAM. 


'  K 


28    Rmae  i>o.  a        \  \ 

droscoggin  Blver«,  on  the  N  buIb         ^  ^^^  ^^^^  Tr„nk  1U^ 

the.  sea.     It  h»»  >»™  "l™""  .,     ..  I'or  river  »:encry  combiiu. Ui  k 

-^'  '""'"  r  ronnTt  etSoaite  vicimty  of  Gortam  .urpa«»  .„  .„. 

.Mt.  Hayes  i»  ju»t  N.  K  of  0°  ™^  »    ^    ,  ,„„pension  toot  «1,', 

T„e  Aurtr„»eog6iu  U  ---!";;'*'„'  "one  man  (a  hurd-worklng  v,il:>,.. 

W,  ft  long,  remarkaWe  as  the  work  oi  ^^^  ^j^^  ^,„,,^, .,  ,„,, 

r:oLe?;catHe-U-U^^^^^^^^^ 

to  the  summit  of  the  mi.  V" 

described  :-  ^  ^     ...    ^^„  ^w,,h  the  ricjRcs.of  MudiHon  «^^^^^ 

..  n,e  rich  upland  of  Rrujdoh    ;  over  Next  the  s^ngn^^^^^^  ^   j.n.n  U. 

heave  towards  the  8;  "'f  "  fann,  archhii?  like  ft  l^>«'wu  ,      a^^^,^,.,,,,, ,,,,,, 

Andros.-oi.ijin  a^«""f,J  %V"  i-  ilel.  and  B'-t»'-l.  ^'^  feed  ug  a  brush  dirr^;  ;^ 
viiUev  SUelburne,  ^"^'^."' ,  ,'    au  and  ripenuig  gram,  ,,  "p,.t,,,  ox)Posite,  &vi'mv;~) 

and  the  five  presidential  peaks  on  the  r  ^^^^^^    ^^  ^^^^^^^^t,  J 

are  -^ained  the  noblest  * F«*^P^;  ;^ ?.  ^   ^i^^isou  and  Adams.  , 

-\(:.p.sidenuai^cH^,-p^t^t  „d  ti;^^- S;:;.| 

,^^'^:f  ;:,     'alo'ide  the  -er    with  eye.cl.n    "„^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^  I 

pleasant,  hem     a      ^      ^^.^^^  ^,,^j/e      4.  M.J^-  ^^^,,et  nj 

ather  ^-f  JX^t  is  celebrated  for  its  afteu^oo^.  a    ^^^_^^^^^     - 

abandoned  »>i"^' *'  .^  ^^  between  5  and  7  ^- ^-     „     n^uethenl 

This  poh.t  should  be  vs^ted       ^^^^  .volcano-pictures     >  W         1 

and  Washington  at  that  hour  ^^^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^.^Miy     1 

summits  of   Moriah,  Haye. ,  ^ 

framework. 


JEITEitsox   iiiLL. 


:V 


Hottte  33.     229 


•:.n.usl,  a  narrow  Bn>„it.,,^''i,ttu,,'''      V'"""   ""''  P"-*l   tl 
"i.l=.    Wo  do  „ot  tl,i„k  ,1  at  XlT^'i  "r'>-  2W  ft.  i..  ll,o  c.o„„»  or. 

«ml  r(,ari„j.  li|t„  „  j  ""  "  "  "  l'"*"  oii,l  „vor  t|,o  boul,k.«       n 

""k»ftcT,,reyi„Xhl  ■•  ";"','"»'"'"=.  ™"Ji"g  Bach  a  h      n.T,,  ""« 

,"">' «.« fa.,1,  „,;!^L  J  :::;:::;■]  '■"-, "'°  "*- »-  ""-■  r„: 

«.r,-  ,l,a„  a„    „„,^^        '««-  «  "J- 34  M.,  ami  t|,„  „„.!  ia  richer  i„ 
••yma,.,!  driers  can  b.  obtataed  ^tV'T  ™"  »''  ""'  «>  ^  b" 

P«eof  vvl,     ,J   ,„'^''°™  of  N""  England"    L  ^  P""'""' 

'»W'  tang  ,„e  w:„t^r;^'r""''' -■»""".„  oT: 

L        »°™  ■"■'  "»  ««nt  of  Art  C    I      ■  '"""  "o'''™'-     The 
[  "bably  the  grandest  from  ^  v  „f  T       ""  ''«"  *™"'  Jeff^iol 


ill 


UPPER  BAllTLE'lT. 


I    ; 


1!^^' 


230     Route  3.t.  '-  ,He  Jeffefou  mea.\ow..  in 

House  and  "  for  6  M.  from  thi.  polnt  over  t  ^^^^^  ^^^^^^,,^  ^,  ^^^ 

House,  »""  Kntch   we  rule  m  uiii  vio«  ^^  nassa"!; 

of  Cl  erry  Mt.  i«  eff^'cted  by  a  rouR    ana  ^^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ,^^^  t, 

Jv.Uer.who«i»htogoby^*:^»^,„  ^,,,„  ,.,„„,o.,  without  «.,„« 

.tooa.    ThiB  route  can  l.c  taken  u  ^  ^^  „b„„t  2!,  M.  N. 

G„vl,am,  by  tnnung  '-f^^':^X^  of  MaJUon,  and  eut.ru,  *. 

the  Olon  House,  rass'"8  "'"?!:« ill 
ClterryMt.  road  near  BandolphHrn. 

"•  'T:rro!:  tuso  a, .. » «.,. 

The  route  is  the  same  as  that  to  ^^^^      ^        ^  crosses  m  succs- 
stream  is  foUowett  up  Stanton  Mt.  on  the  r.  , 

•^d  ofit/n  Mt.    Mt-.C->»'°:ra:;a  '"ettd  .a.e.  over  .J 
(the Ingheat  of  which  rises  *'*J";y  e.    The  Chapd  of  tke  U 

nte  Je,,  with  a  fine  'f -"'P't  186«  s  P»'«*  °»  "'"  '-  """       ".! 
Ta  neat  Uttle  church  dedicateclm  1864)  «^  ^_^^,i„g  ,,,,,«  l« 

dtoner.    TO»  "«>«  8l««  ™  ."""!„,  L  Dec  aration  of  Indepo,..k.« 
torof  Josiah  Bartlett,as,p.e^°f  *^Xrtland  ^  Ogden*,,.,^ 
at  that  time  President  of  N    H.  j,^  ^^  ,„  th.  u  ' 

'oad  has  a  station  "''O;  ;"*  ^i   ,,o,„  this  point,  by  waJ   ^ 
Mt.  OMrigaln  is  '""'"^.fS^  favorite  excursions  are    lie  «« 
!rrSolf  :L^  Sir  Vny  t..  are  found  in  ti.  * 
^^■"°^^'  ,,  TCash  whUe  chasing  a  mof  ^.^^^^"iITm  cm>eivtjj 

auled  a  horse  tlirough.   owerm     ^^  ^^^^^^  ^'^'^^'lli-vcr-rRock.    A  rc.jj 
river,  until  they  ej^evged  liere.     x  ^^  "'^'V'^i^fJ^"  and  the  lir^t  ari| 

first  merchandise  seut  u^ 


THE  NOTCH. 


11 


^oute  SS.      2'^l  fij 


■'-«.  tl,e  sr„v»  „f  Abel  c"Jh^\.  ''!''  ":'"'"'  """  H-o,  „„        "" 

'■"'".■'"'■^  ^w,  M./c  :tr  !;,T'"  "-"•  ^"^  p-^.-.  rz  v 

■■■-"","■    Tl'"  forest  now  doses  i,    °    ,,"  """""  »»  "le  lici.-l.t  of 
««ar  tk.  foot  of  „,e  (,(„,„,    '»"  '"  °"  tli«  roa,l,  wImoI,  orosse,  tl  „  « 

""  '•'  '"""'•"•«  to  a  l,t.igl,t  of  4  000  ft  T'  "'■■""  ""■  *"■  Webster  m! 

«'.r  tl,o  treo-grow,,  frag„e„°'  *'?f,  "■  »'"'  Wiley  M(.  „„  y.^  ,      ''''2 

'^iB£^'iPS  ^^'^  sr-r-^  o^"..  CO., 

I  «"ns  tlie  swelling  torrent  o^H.  «  '^"^^  "'«  ''"'"ny  had  llftn  '"J"-'^'  "'"^  "owod 

bmite  cliffs  of  It  1  S«r"'-''i'  '''•«  «»'»etime8  se  L  r.?'"*"^"  *«  ^'^'tors  fofa 
|^'^""c'li  a  valley  ii^ar  the  .»  '^^  ^"  ^^40.  whenTi.aHv  nfP'^''^''"^  ^""^^  from  the 
r"Js  like  volleys  of  mnZ'Z'''''^^^'^y  «f  tl.e  ^J ut  Mtl^u'^'''  ^'^'^  nm  eh  «« 

brr«'\"'»™™wlat7of'tlNotS:l:T'''  *-■/  for  3  M., 
r  b'ltsts,  at  $  4.50  a  day.  It  i^  «,•+„„♦  ,  '  ^'^'^  accoimnodationa 
K,n..a  faces  the  Notoh."^^  N  a    th  tj  " ''''"" '■'2'' "•  "''° 

»     7  °'  "^^  '"'"'■•.  ao  waters  o  ot  o   wT  .""  ""■'"S»  ''"W" 
tZ'       "^  River,  wl,ile  the  othnr  a  .n,,/   7    f  r"""'  '"  "'"  »«  '■/ 

o    ^^'^  ^°i-c.t  avenue  is  full  of  p,,^,„^^_ 


tJl 


^Bl 


!   . 


I 


f  ^ 


'^-  i 


»■    . 


I  I'i 


-|:H^^ 


I 


' 


frr: 


Hi 


■•l\ 
',  ■  I*; 


:i  r 


232    RmteSS. 


CRAWFORD  HOUSE. 


The  *  •  view  down  the  Notch  is  wonderful,  embracing  two  Titanic  mt. 
walls,  beginning  with  Webster  on  the  1.  and  Willeyon  the  r.,  and  running 
S.  for  leagues,  with  haughty  Chocorua,  18-20  M.  away,  closing  the  vista. 
The  highway  down  this  wild  pass  is  marked  by  a  slender  line  througli  the 
forest,  and  the  Willey  House  is  a  mere  dot  on  its  ruin-swept  lowlands. 
Bayard  Taylor  says  of  this  view,  *'  As  a  simple  picture  of  a  mountain- 
pass,  seen  from  above,  it  cannot  be  surpassed  in  all  Switzerland."  Look 
ing  off  to  the  N.  E.,  tlie  great  jieaks  of  the  Mt.  Washington  group  art- 
seen,  with  Clinton  first  and  nearest,  and  Jackson  on  the  upper  end  of  Mt, 
Webster.  *'  And  let  us  again  advise  vi.sitors  to  ascend  Mt.  Willard,  if 
possible,  late  in  the  afternoon.  They  will  then  see  one  long  wall  of  the 
Notch  in  shadow,  and  can  watch  it  move  slowly  up  the  curves  of  the 
opposite  side,  displacing  the  yellow  splendor,  while  the  dim  green  donie 
of  Washington  is  gilded  by  the  sinldng  sun  'with  heavenly  alchemy,'" 
(Starr  King.) 

The  *  Flume  Cascade  is  2  M.  from  the  Crawford  House,  on  the  1.  of 
the  Notch  road,  and  is  about  250  ft.  in  aggregate  height.  It  derives  its 
name  from  a  singular  trench  through  which  the  stream  flows  near  the 
bridge.  The  *  Silver  Cascade  is  about  \  M.  beyond  the  Flume,  on  the 
1.  of  the  Notch  road,  and  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  falls  in  the  moun- 
tains, es\peeially  after  heavy  rains.  It  descen<ls  1,000  ft.  in  1  J\I.  of  its 
coarse,  the  portion  seen  from  the  road  being  300  ft.  high.  Ml.  Web- 
ster has  been  ascended  by  ascending  tlie  course  of  this  plunging  tor- 
rent. The  Hitchcock  Flume  is  a  singular  chasm,  which  is  reached  by  a 
path  from  the  Mt. -Willard  road. 

The  splendid  *  Bipley  Falls  are  6  -  7  M.  from  the  hotel,  and  are  gaiiieii 
by  following  up  Avalanche  Brook  (the  second  which  the  road  crosses  S. 
of  the  Willey  House).  About  2  M.  from  the  road,  in  a  granite-wallt'l  ^ 
ravine,  the  brook  falls  25  -  30  ft.  in  4  leaps,  and  then  forms  a  cascade  103 
ft.  long,  slipping  over  inclined  ledges  of  granite  into  a  deep  pool  beio«. 
About  1  M.  higher  is  the  Sparkling  Cascade.  These  falls  were  discovered  j 
in  1858. 

Gibbs's  Falls  are  near  the  hotel,  and  are  found  by  following:  up  tl'^l 
Mt. -Washington  bridle-patli,  and  then  the  brook  to  which  it  leaa.-j 
10  - 15  minutes'  walk  up  stream  brings  one  to  a  pretty  fall  of  about  ^iOj 
ft.,  with  pleasing  forest  accessories. 

Beccher's  Fulls  are  on  the  slope  of  Mt.  Field,  to  the  r.  of  tlie  hottlj 
and  are  gained  by  a  good  forest-path.  The  Falls  extend  for  a  lun?  ili>' 
tance  up  the  brook,  and  from  the  uppermost  of  them  a  fine  view  ot  .^it- 
Washington  is  disclosed.  The  Devil's  Den  is  a  dark  cavern  seen  from  t.| 
Notch  road,  near  the  summit  of  Mt.  Willard.  Pulpit  Rock  is  on  the| 
of  the  road,  near  the  Gate  of  the  Notch,  and  several  rock-pro  tiles  havj 
been  seen  on  the  adjacent  cUfTs. 


Tlie  «pa] 


iiiic  int. 

\i&  vista. 

lo%v\anAs, 

^_"    Look- 
^  gvowp  avt 

eui\  of  Vit. 
WiUavtl,  if 
^vaU  oi'  tiie 
arves  of  tk 

green  Aome 
V  alclieniy.' " 


,  on  tbe  1.  of 
'it  derives  il3 
flows  near  ^ 
Vlume.,ouUw 

t\ie  mo>i"' 
of  its 

3/t.  ^^■«''- 


IS  in 


is  plungu^g  fo>'- 
isveaciied\)yi 

.l,ancUucgai^';^ 
road  crosses  S. 

a  gvanite-vj^^^ 
cascade  V)5 1 

oo\  ^>^^°*- 
[Us^vevedisco^•^«i| 

^vbiclvitl^- 
ityfaU  of  about '^ 


rmsa 
Ideep  V 


FABYAN  HOUSE. 


Route  33.     233 


Tlie  *  Aretlmsa  Falls  are  on  Bemis  Brook,  which  Is  2  M.  N.  of  Beniia 
Station,  and  6^  M.  S.  of  the  Crawford  House,  and  are  1  M.  from  the  rail- 
road. The  brook  makes  a  magnificent  white  plunge  of  17G  ft.,  over  black 
clitfs,  and  amid  ancient  forest  scenery. 

TliP  P.  £  0.  R.  R.  runs  N.  from  the  Crawford  House  to  tlie  Fabyan  House,  con- 
npctin'^'  there  with  the  nih'oad  routes  to  the  summit  of  Mt.  Washinj^ton,  tlie 
Twill  .Mountain  House,  Bethlelieni,  and  Littleton  (stage  thenee  to  the  I'rolile 
IIo;ist').  Trains  also  run  several  times  daily  through  tlie  Notch  to  N.  Conway 
(24  M  ;  1",  -  Ij  hr.s.),  one  of  the  grandest  railroad  routes  in  America. 


foe  r.  of  ^^^"  ^., 
1     ,   f.v  a  i'>«-  H 
.     «iie  vioNV  0' 
Lvevnseeu  i 


The  *  Fabyan  House  is  4  M.  N.  of  the  Notch,  and  aecommodates 

.j(iO  fcucsts.     It  was  budt  in  1872,  and  is  4  stories  high,  with  a  frontage 

of  -S^O  ft.    This  structure  stands  on  the  site  of  the  Giant's  Grave,  a  tali 

iiioiind  near  the  Ammonoosuc  River.     According  to  tradition,  an  Indian 

once  stood  here  at  night,  and  swinging  a  torch   lit  from  a  lightning- 

struclc  tree,  cried,  "  No  pale-face  shall  take  deep  root  here ;  this  the 

Great  Spirit  .whispered  in  my  ear."    A  tavern  was  opened  here  about 

lc03,  and  in  1819  it  was  bu.'nt,  while  the  same  fate  befell  another  erected 

on  its  site,  and  Fabyan's  large  hotel,  at  the  foot  of  the  mound,  was  also 

Ijunit.    The  new  hotel  is  larger,  stronger,  and  better  i  rotected  than  its 

predecessors,  and  will  probably  remain.     Ethan  Allen  Crawford,  "  Ethan 

of  the  Hills,"  a  gigantic  hunter  and  guide,  lived  on  the  Giant's  Grave 

nuiny  years  ago,  and  waged  war  on  the  wolves,  wild-cats,  beans,  sables, 

and  otters  that  dwelt  among  the  surrounding  hills  and  brooks. 

The  view  from  this  point  is  very  fine,  and  embraces  all  the  presidential 
peaks  save  one,  the  summit  of  Mt.  Washington  being  7^  M.  distant  in  an 
air-line.  The  other  summits  stretch  toward  the  hotel  in  a  long  and  rugged 
I  chain.  From  this  point  the  ascent  of  Mt.  Washington  by  rail  is  easily 
nwde.  Tlie  Upper  Ammonoosuc  Falls  are  3  -  4  M.  from  the  hotel,  by  the 
[road  to  Marshfield,  and  exhibit  a  beautiful  scene,  where  white  waters 
lilash  down  between  gray  granite  walls,  and  the  vast  mts.  tower  beyond. 
Illif  Lovxr  Avimonoosuc  Falls  are  somewhat  more  tlian  1  M.  distant,  on 
P'  Bethleliera  road.  The  river  descends  here  in  full  stream  over  30  ft. 
Y  step-like  ledges,  but  the  natural  beauty  of  the  scene  has  been  marred 
jythe  intrusion  of  a  large  lumber-mill. 

'ill-  latf.-,  iit  the  Fabyan  are  $4.50  a  day,  or  $21-25  a  week.  In  the  vicinity  is 
Fiii-w  .l/f.-/7(.((,.s((/i«  Jloitse  {^  3.50  a  day),  and  the  antiquated  Whlte-Moanicdn 
r'it    The  PortLind  &  Ogdensluirg  R.  R.  crosses  tiie  Mt.-Washingtou  Branch 

''•lieD.,  L',  &  M.  R,  R.  in  front  of  the  Fabyan.  The  former  runs  to  the  Craw- 
riHimsc,  N.  Conway,  I<'ryeburg,  and  PorUand,  and  to  Whitelicld,  Daltou,  ami 
r*ii'('(!u  Mts.  of  Ve'rmont.  Ihe  latter  runs  to  the  base  of  Mt  Washington 
IM.),  and  to  the  Twin-Mountain  House,  Bethlehem,  and  I^ittleton. 


inie »  Twin  Mt.  House  is  5  M.  westward  from  the  Fabyan  House,  and 
l^iavorite  old  hotel,  under  the  care  of  the  Messrs.  Barron,  pnjprietors 
I'lie     Mount  -  Pleasant      and      Crawford     Houses.      It  is  pleasantly 


'^ 


h'i] 


>« 


1 


M 


i 


;IHI ' 

if'  tA\  ; 

";■  t  'i  v. 


U' 


BETHLEHEM. 


1    ' 

.''1  i 

234      Route  33.  ^^^  ^^^^  j^„o,, 

V  •  ht,  above  the  Amtnonoosuc  K>v  '  ^^  ean  be  ac 
situated  on  t^-^«;f^l\t  the  ^ori^J^ZtJL'..  a«ovdinpx- 
tue  valley  ^o  ^^  "f.^  ,,y .,  and  the  loca^y  -J^  .^  ^^^,  ,,«  ra,  voad- 
commodated,  ^t  **-^^         ^j  hay-fever.    Tl^e  no  (.^g,^,  ami  .  M. 

emptiou  from  the  attacks     ^^^^^^^^  g  .j     --^^     ^^^,^,,  ,,a  u.n 

station;  and  ib  13  M.  f  o"  ^^.  ^  ^^^^_  ^,,  ,a  eb   « 

from  the  Vabyan  Ho^«  ^^     ^h  was  made  m 

only  with  great  difficult}  .    A 

£'!«•.,  B."^f"- ^r^:;,  „«, ."  8  7  -» ;_ -t  C'  >» »°  '»«;»":5 : 

1  n  in  or  near  the  village.  Phillips  •,  $  •  -  i"'        „.        are  also  several 

Distances. 'Bethleb^in       ^^^^^^^  «*t°%ro'mt  lIo«^e,  10;  Piyn^ou  Mbj 
Tlouse   IT;  N.  Conv^ay.  4^  (jorhain,  32;  profile  u        '   g         nm.li'    I 

House,  i   1        Tofferson  HiU,  15'        „.„  qi  •  Kimball  HiU,  5  .  ="*  ConcotiJ 

Lancaster,  16,  Jene  -Wallace  UiU,  3i  '       "  »  ^  is  by  the  Boston,  torn  j 

stage),  39  i  Craft's  ^-^f;'^ '  \„,  passengers  from  ^^^^^^,^^,^  junction,  ^ 
lioute..  -The  ^^^f^m.-^^^^^^io.  Branch   to  Beth^        ^^^  ^^orningtraJ 
and  Montreal  B.  ^^^ '^-^;    ,'  ^^  ,or  Maplewood  and  ^  tbl^^^^"^^^  V^-^ 

^"     '  If  «f  Bethlehem  has  become  ^^  i 

three  neighborhoods,  the  ^^  ,Here  are  larE»  ,,i,„J 


FRANCONIA 

church,  several  shops  and  «  i  . 

b"i't  on  the  N.  sklo  of  In    .      '^'  "'"'^«'-  "^  board Inff.ho„««        . 

hi^es  the  Franco:        t  '  I  t'r  "'^^  "'^'^'^  -^"^:r::;^  J'^^^'' 

™»ing  the  mountain    ';  r         ^'  °"*  ^'^  ^''^  N.  and  W  fo!  !  ^-  ^"^ 

The  view  of  the  WJute  Mf  '  k""  '"^•'"^^^^^  «"'">nits  are  r  '''  ^"'^ 
in^than  that  from  N^flv  "iT^^^  ^^^  "^  ^orneZl^l' J;:;''^  '"'"- 
nll'..'e  give  it  an  adv^ T  L  ''^"^'^  ^^^  ^^eautiful  ent'  Is  of  tt  7''" 
exposure  to  the  N.  ren     f  u  J!''  ^"P^""'-  ^'^'-^ude  of  tWs  ricl  '  I'"''' 

>^"e"  .i.o  other  n^ounta- r:,  3r4td'^^ ''''"'  ^^  ^:'t:: 

reason  people  who  are  affl.Vf.H      !u  V      "^  ^y  '"^ense  heats     Fnr  . 

Maplewood. 

'The  Maplewood,  400  guests    %i.      . 
fo«a^.,$9-l4aweek     xf^rn!  *  ^^^^  « 17 50 -25  a  week-    M«  , 

^^.  ^""''■^^"^^-'•^-^-tationnearthnotLls   ^^'^"'^^'^ 

Franconia. 

;•  '"tarn-Views,  and  vear  v  at  ric  fr  ''''°*'  '^^'^^^^^  «"d  un   . 


.?ll.:n 


1-11 


!|f 


5  i4\ 


2345     Ro^SS.     MOUNT  WASIOTGTON. 

Sagar  HUl. 

...   « 12  - 15  ft  i^eek ;  Sunset-Hill  Home, 
Gnodnow  Bouse,  2W  gu^ts,  ^t-^  Elm  Cottage,  Fair 

Zia  Ranges.     U  to«er.  ove     ''«  ""P^^^;^^,.    There  are  many  pk« 
village,  and  •«  taPP'ly  «P°=t ';r.„d  «itl.in  a  fe»  years  Sugar  11 
rlmbles  and  drive,  in  the  "cn  ,ty    an  ,„,„«r-resor.s    Ik 

C  become  one  of  the  foremost  »' >"=  "     f„,„  Ranconia  Iron  W  orb; 
oirowHouse  and  Vhillips  "«'- 7J J^^';,  ^  .„e  Sunset-Hill  ll.u., 
Ti  14  M.  beyond,  on  the  "est  oUhe  tonfc   ^  ^^^  ^,„„„„„„ 
commanding  very  impress.ve  "«»    "^         „„.  ,„£  Vermont)  on  .1..    ■ 
on  the  E.,  and  the  long  l.ne  »'*;';,;      ,„„e  than  1,500  ft.  above  .h. 

Sugar  Hill  Is  exempt  from  iJJ?*^;  Jj, 'Xrfes  in  this  regton. 

;"»'    Therearemanybeanffu  dme   a    ^^^^^  ^^^^  ._  ^^^^^  g.  „,  ^ 

s:^:t.s^Hfus^-"-- 

Mount  mslingtou.  ^^^  ^__^  ,__, 

^^veller.  »l:o  design  to  ascend  «.!»  mt  |bc»l^,,*"»l,;  sujomiti.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
wa?m  clothing  (sl;a»X'S.     faSdei  Webster  s.ld  ^l;e";,„  »J„S  mS  - 

points  beyond.     Mor  mi  ^^^^  ^^^     ^  ^i  desceui  j 


I  !* 


•f 


MOUNT  WASHINGTON. 


Route  3,1    235 


mil  House, 
»ttagc,  fair 
week  each. 
Flume,  "^3; 

to  the  Good- 

ost  cowplrte 
al  and  I'van- 
\es  Vraucoiiia 
iiany  pleasant 
rs  Sugar  M 
-resovts.   Tl^« 

set-UiVi  House, 
mconia  ranges^ 
^ont)  on  the  W. 
,00  ft.  above  the 
J  region. 
1887,  S.  oi  ttc 
•views. 


r   „  150-200  6«««-| 

al.yan  i\"^^vilM  , 
[  with  ocxasw™ 

liooo. 


Tliis  railway  was  built  in  1866-9,  on  the  plans  of  Sylvester  Marsh, 

ai!(i  a  similar  road  has  since  been  made  up  Mount  Rhigi,  by  the  Lake  of 

Liicenie.     Amnionoosuc  Station  is  2,GG8  ft.  above  the  sea,  and  the  track 

asrends  3,625  ft.  in  3  M.,  Avith  an  average  grade  of  1  ft.  in  4.^,  and  a 

maxiniuin  grade  of  1  ft.  in  24,  or  1,980  ft.  to  the  M.    The  cluef  peculiarity 

of  the  track  is  a  heavy  notched  iron  centre-rail,  into  which  plays  a  centre 

ooc;-wliec'l  on  the  locomotive.     Tlie  steam-power  is  not  useil  during  the 

(lesctnt,  but  the  powerful  atmosi)heric  brakes  regulate  the  speed  of  the 

train.     The  cars  are  very  comfortable,  and  the  ascent  is  made  in   90 

minutes,  during  which  time  it  is  pleasant  to  think  that,  though  these 

trains  have  been  nnming  for  7  years,  not  a  single  passenger  has  been 

injured.     As  the  train  slowly  ascends  over  the  trestles,  pushed  by  the 

frrntesque  little  engine,  the  retrospect  becomes  more  and  more  beautiful, 

and  a  profound  and  gloomy  chasm  is  passed  on  the  r.     The  ridge  between 

Clay  and  Washington  is  now  neared,  and  an  immense  mt.  amphitheatre 

is  passed  on  the  1.,  soon  after  which  tlie  train  crawls  \\\)  Jacob's  Ladder, 

and  stops  at  the  new  station  and  hotel  on  the  sunmiit  of  Mt.  Washington. 

The  Ascent  from  the  Glen  House.  Mountain  oarrijigcs  leave  the  Glen 
House  iiiuniiiig  n\id  aiieiiiuon  lor  tlii;  suniiuit,  which  is  8  M.  distant.  Tlie  lure 
(iiicltuliuy  tiills)  is  .';?5.('.0,  and  tlio  ti»ie  of  ascent  'i  hrs.,  whiU;  the  descent  is  made 
in  IJ  lirs.  The  road  (l)uilt  lS5r)-()l)  is  a  noble  piece  of  engineering,  winding  on 
galleries  and  long  curves,  with  an  average  grade  of  12  ft.  in  100. 

Most  of  the  route  to  the  Ledge  (4  M.  up)  is  enclosed  by  forests,  but 
beyond  this  point  the  road  passes  along  the  verge  of  the  profound  hollow 
wiled  the  Great  Gulf.  From  this  point  the  *  view  is  superb,  embracing 
the  Peahody  Glen,  with  the  hotel  lying  like  a  snow-flake  at  the  base  of 
the  heavy  gi'een  mass  of  Carter  Mt.  "  Yet  the  glory  of  the  view  is,  after 
all,  the  four  highest  companion  rnts.  of  the  range,  Clay,  Jefferson,  Adams, 
ami  Madison,  that  shoAv  themselves  in  a  bending  line  beyond  the  tremen- 
Dus  prge,  and  are  visible  from  their  roots  to  their  summits."  With  one 
[exception  "  there  is  no  such  view  to  be  had,  east  of  the  Mississippi,  of 
iiountain  architecture  and  sublimity."  The  road  now  passes  along  the 
ergeof  the  Great  Gulf,  with  the  lofty  gray  pe^ks  on  the  r.,  winds  and 
Wsts  over  dreary  slopes  covered  with  the  skev  *ons  of  dead  trees  and 
Ibe  flora  of  Labrador,  surmounts  shoiilder  after  shoulder  of  the  storm- 
itenmt.,  climbs  the  sharp,  steep,  supreme  cone,  and  then  the  panting 
lorses  sto;)  "  on  the  main-top  of  New  England.' 

The  Ascent  frtfm  the  Crawford  House.  (To  Mt.  Clinton,  3  M.  ;  Mt. 
leasant,  i;^ ;  Mt.  Franklin,  5^  ;  Mt.  Monroe,  0.^  ;  Mt. -Washington  Sum- 
it  House,  8i.)  Tliis  route  is  pecidiarly  attractive,  since  it  passes  over 
»eral  noble  summits,  revealing  immense  views.     The  path  is  well-worn, 

is  perfectly  safe,  except  in  cloudy  or  misty  loeathrr. 
I 'lion  leaving  the  hotel  the  ascent  of  Mt.  Clinton  is  commenced,  and 
Iter  passing  over  a  rude  forest-path  for  nearly  3  M.  the  mossy  summit  is 


"i 

I 

n 

I 

ii 


ly 


'■■.'1 1 


1 


it'ii 


r  ri 


■<;  1 


'] 


■>^hilli 


l^ii 


MOUNT  WASHINGTON. 


236     Route  JJ.  f  tlue  peaks  i.  seen 

,    1  a  -^20  ft  above  the  sea).    A  g^^f^^^^J^""''  ^„,i  Kiarsarge.  "the 
reached  (4,320  tt.  a  ^^^^^  ^^^  ^he  fe.  ^^  ^         i„„.    The  path 

from  ^^\^?;?i;i:  tsprarnidalconeinih  ^^/,,^, 

q,,eeniy;at.,    ^  ^^"^  ^'^  ,f,  ,i  a  high,  bare,  and  ledgy  n  g  >    ^^^^^    ^ 
^iuds  along  f^^  %^'^^,  ,f  the  dome-like  peak  of  Mt^ 
passes  avonnd  tl^  S.^^-^^^^^  ,,.  ,ig,),  .he^Ke  the  old  an^^^^^^  ^^^^ 

path  diverges  to  the  sxam  ^„,^ionoosuc  valley.     J-i 

assy  smm.t  of  Pl''^"       ^„  ,ecn  as  the  pa*  i""™"  ,„„,„i, 

[    Cocorua,  ^"^,,^'0';^    'narrow  ndge  »«*  .^*ej=^«^^    ^^^^_ 

the  Connectio  pscarpment,  and  on  .ne  r.  „tretches  a^^a\•  on 

on  this  thin  and  o^^y  ^^^^^^  ,^,  ^„.n.onoosuc  vaHey^tretch       ^^ ,  ^  ^^^ 

chasm  of  Cakes   ^  ^^^  of  the  most  remarkab^   po^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

the  other  hand,    ^his  is  ^_  ^.  ^^^^  ^^^  the  ^  o"S'  ^^     ^t. 

-^^-  r7i::z^^^^-T  v^ernd?fo  nw.,  on 

E.  peak  (5,384  n-  "  ^  '  ,     ^^  as  the  path  ^^^*^^""  ,„„ -„a  crystalline 
Wa'htagton  -»  ''r;:cltta  and  Star  Lake, '"  '^^^^y;^*;,i„,  „„A 

tarns  where  *«  ^^  ^^  ;„„  the  B.  verge  ot  the  1  ^  ,,  J 

ascent  among  the  roeks  on  th     _.  ^^^  ^^^^^^.^  ,^  8a»^;„y„aHe  for*., 

L  road  to  Jefferson    1^1*^^^,  ,^^^^  ,„,     eky  r^dg^    ^^^^^ , 

through  tl"*;f ;  ™„Ve.  from  //o.*^X  ""  ^^^'atppeare..,  and; 
son  may  ^^  ^scenu  Gordon  path  has  ai^avi  , 

ington  is  uplifted  m  the  S. 


MOLNT  WASHINGTON. 


Roitte33.     237 

son,  a  continual  front  view  of  w    v,  •  <**  J  < 

over  JdCerson  the  Great  Gulf  isseln"?  °?  ''  '^°'''*^^'  ^"^  after  passing 
is  now  ascended,  and,  after  a  ,horf  ?     "  '"^  "'""""^^  °"  ^^e  I.    M t  C  "5 
-  ^''"'^-l  to  the  summit         '°^  '"^'^"^'  ^^«  ^0"g  «lope  of  Wa«h^nSoT 
■ri'c  Fabyan  path  from  the  Giant',  r 

'>f^'I.  while  the  old  bridJe-path  from  tl      w     .^^^^^""Ston,  is  now  dis 

fro-  the  Mt.  Crawford  Hous  ,  Z  b    %r,t^"'  ""^  ^^^  ^--  Pa  h 

»  -nage  routes  are  the  favo  ite     Z Zfl  ''"'''''''''     ^''^  ^^ilway 

a^J  the  kst  being  richer  i„  scenery^         ''''  '^*'"^  ^-^^^  and  cheaper^ 
1  lie  **  view  from  TWf  TI7     v 

J  J- i^".land.     In  i^^f!^^^  ^f  ^-d  and  extensive  in 
Jit.  Cmuford,  with  Chocorua  f.rfl  ^*-  ''^"'^  t'^^  round  too  of 

of  Lake  WinnepesaukeersHl  ;  i:;"^^^  "'^'  ^«-P-  "-  the  lam" 
'he  noble  peaks  of  the  Smidw  d   R       '     ^^  °^  ^-  ^'  ^^'-  Carrigain   and 
h  fclnock,  .^  a  filmy  I  '         ,t"f  -«  ^ond,  while  100  M  C' 
leaks  of  Monroe,  Franklin    p^  ""''  ""^  ^'^^  «ky. "    To  the  S  W  Z7 

K  while  the  d:i"         'ofl^r^'  ^-»  ^^-ton  stretch  off      a'^aigh: 
h  cone  of  Lafayette.     Across  ^'0"  '" -^'^  W..  overlooked  by  t 
|«3of  the  Green  Mts.,  wi^Mt  Manrr,T'"f  "^  ^^"^^^  "ue  Lm 
N;  '1"*^'""^  *°™J  «-  N  W     Lr'  *^  ^^'"^^•^  Hump,  70 
Cl  P'  ""' '*^"  ^-^'  -d  the  hTirof^n/^"  "'^^^  ^"'^*-'-e 
C     r^  ^'"^^  (Stratford)  are  s  en    "  "^'  °"'''  ^^^^^  the 

fpe  as  two  Dromios."     ciav    lZ        '      "^  "'^'"  ""'^e  in  size  and 

hthe  Great  Gulf  i„theN.'.LTrGf^"^'  and  Madisonloom 
Vf  ,°^*^"^^d,  and  35 -.50  M  w    of  S^'T''"'*^''' ^"^^''^^coggin 

ge  ey  Lakes  are  seen.  With  LdirCanT'  .  '  ''""''^^^^  '"^^^  ^e 
N  area  of  the  State  of  Maine  if  .'^"'''^^^'-^"^^^  far  to  the  N 
ht.  Katahdin  may  be  feen'Zr  '''''''' '"  "^^  ^'^  ^^^  it  is  c  'Lfd 
K  eiUting  the  yelloCh  ,0  roTtltll  'i  '''  ''^''^'  -^'^-- 
I  katahdin  is  150  M.  distant,  ul  t'  m'  "'  ""'"^''''^^  «'^el." 
[more  surely  in  the  N.  E.  The  loftv  n'  ^^""'^•'  ^"^^  ^'^^ter  are 
LJ  ''^  *^^  ^J'^  follows  do  J'pi.  kh Jn  V  .  7''  ^^^*^-"  f^"  the 
h^^ows,  with  Kiarsarge  impend^n^.i  '^^'  '"^  ^-  ^°"^'^y  on  its 

l;Po.Ki,  by  Fryeburg,  and  thfb  2  Seb?    T  ?""'  '''  «-"  ^-v 
hes  visible  in  the  remote  S  E    ^        '^''  ^''^''  ^^^'^  the  ocean  is 
Neman's  Bavine  is  vlLd  1™?;"'  ""'  ''''  "^^^^  ^-"-n 

rnian  Mountain  Club  has  had  a  J  ^     ^f    *  ''"  ^^'«  ''ocks.    The 
h^ee  page  227)  into  the  raWne    T    f"''^  '"^^^  ^''^'^  the  Cn^sta 
H  2  M.  from  the  Glen  and  Z'       T'^'''  ^^'^  '««^««  the  moun 
Kails  reach  an  altitu'de    fTo^ffor^  '"    ^''  '^''y  ^^ 


rL 


'  lU 


•!    i 


i    '^ 


:i!!  ^:i 


ii: 


!■■ 


i 


li  j:!llr 


Rmte  34.        THE  FRANCONIA  MOUNTAINS. 


Stream  flows  down  under  this  incipient  glacier  and  cuts  a  long  arch  under 
the  hardened  snow,  through  which  one  can  walk  for  hundreds  of  feet. 
The  clitTs  back  of  tlie  ravine  are  striped,  after  rains,  with  falling  waters, 
called  the  "  Fall  of  a  Thousand  Streams."  After  exploring  tliis  wonder- 
ful abyss,  parties  sometimes  pass  to  tlie  Glen  House  by  following  tho 
Crystal  Stream,  witli  its  many  cascades,  to  the  N.  Conway  road. 

34.  The  Francouia  Mountains  and  Femigewasset  Valley. 

From  Nr.w  York  to  Francouia  by  Hartford.  Springfield,  Wells  River,  nnd  Little- 
ton ;  by  Albany,  Rutland,  Bellows  Fulls,  and  Littleton  ;  by  Hpringtield,  Na^liun, 
and  Concord  ;  or  by  boat  to  New  London,  and  thence  to  Brattleboro,  Wells  Rivtr! 
and  Littleton.  The  connections  are  frequently  changed,  and  the  tourist  sliouli 
get  a  late  time-table  and  railway-guide  before  choctsing  liis  route. 

From  Bosfon  to  Francnnia  b.v  llnutcs  2'J  uiid  3),  to  WelLs  River,  Littleton,  an  I 
Wing  Road  ;  thcnre  to  Bethlehem  Junction ;  thence,  by  narrow-gaupo  railroal 
across  the  wild  Oale-Rivcr  glen  and  around  the  rujrged  slopes  of  Mt.  Lafuyt-t*"  '.0 
the  Profile  House.     This  is  .he  easiest  route  io  tho  Frunconia  Notch. 

Or,  leave  tho  B.,  C,  &  M.  R.  R.  at  IMymouth  (see  page  210),  and  take  the  Peir.i- 
pc'.va=!sot- Valley  train  by  Campton  Village,  Thornton,  nnd  W.  Thornton  to  N, 
Wood.^toclt,  whence  sfciges  to  the  Flume  House  (4  M.)  and  Profile  House  ('J  M.), 

The  *  Profile  House  (1,974  ft.  .above  the  sea)  accommodates  5 -6(0 1 
gtiests,  and  is  one  of  the  best  of  tlie  mt.  hotels.  Its  corridors  arc  ciowilci  | 
during  tlie  summer  with  visitors  from  the  coast-cities,  and  its  diningliall 
is  said  to  be  the  finest  in  Nev/  England.  Tliis  hotel  is  open  from  June  Is'.l 
until  the  middle  of  October;  its  terms  are  $4.50  a  day,  with  reductions j 
for  a  long  sojourn. 

The  *  Franconia  Notch  is  about  5  M.  long,  and  less  than  ^  JI.  mid 
and  is  on  tlie  western  verge  of  the  Francouia  Range  proj)er.  "Tiiel 
narrow  district  thus  enclosed  contains  more  objects  of  interest  to  m 
mass  of  traveller.s  than  any  other  region  of  equal  extent  within  the  ccra-l 
pass  of  the  usual  White  Mt.  tour.  In  the  way  of  rock-sculi>ture  & 
waterfalls  it  is  a  huge  museum  of  curiosities."  (Starr  Kino.)  'Tiii 
scenery  of  Franconia  is  more  fantastic  and  beautiful  than  Dalecarlia  o| 
Norshind."    (Fredrika  Brkmer.) 

*Echo  Lake  is  a  short  distance  N.  of  the  hotel,  on  tlie  r.  of  the  Little! 
ton  road,  and  is  a  calm,  deep,  and  lovely  sheet  of  transparent  watea 
encircled  by  rare  scenery.     During  the  day  it  reflects  vividly  the  s;;j 
rounding  objects,  but  the  later  hours  of  the  afternoon  are  the  pleasaiitei 
when  the  visitor  can  be  transported  over  the  quiet  waters  and  see  tlj 
forest-shores  and  nits,  in  the  flush  of  evening.     Remarkable  echoes 
awakened  here  by  the  bugle,  voice,  or  cannon -sliots.    "  Franconia  is  moj 
fortunate  in  its  little  tarn  that  is  rimmed  by  the  undisturbed  wildenia 
and  watched  by  the  grizzled  peak   of  Lafayette,  than  in  the  Old  Stoj 
Face  from  which  it  has  gained  so  much  celebrity." 


Baid  Mt. 

'^e  r.  from 

8>"nni)t  is  p] 

^ilh  to  tho  1 

"%  prospect 

%  on  tJie  J. 

^•"'('A'roiuul. 

'"•H  in  2-3 

''^'i'  hrn<rhts  or 

^'^'^  proiip  on 

«"<!  Liberty,  St 

resemble  a  cam 
"'e  ledges  whicJi 
''^'  Mlowiug  th 
"""^e)  i,s  a  iivej 
|f^'"s.    Good 


J."  "'« flense  fo 


m  ^  ■ 


arch  vindcT 
ds  cf  tcet. 
iug  >vatcTs, 

id. 

Bt  Valley. 

rer.  an'^  ^'^^^^'^• 
;  touvist  s^iouU 

Mt.  Lafay^'t^-  'o 

nd  take  the  retr.i- 
Thornton  to  :>■ 
House  ('J  MV 
,Tnodates5-6fO| 
iaorsavecvo^v>lc■' 

nd  its  dim"?-^''"1 
vvith  veducuousl 

e  pvover.  ''TJ 
(,f  interest  to  * 
|,t  ^^'itluu  the  cc.. 
ock-sculvtnre  11; 

Dalooiirlia  ol 


Luit 
Itlian 


Til 


Ither-oftheU* 

transparent  ^va; 

.tB  vividly  tlie 

are  the  plea^^"* 
waters  and  see  tl 

,avkaUe  echo. 
..  Franconiaisw 


THE  FUANCONIA  MOUNTAINS.        liuult  SI     239 

Bald  Mt.  is  ascended  by  a  neglected  carriage-roail,  which  diverges  to 
the  r.  from  the  road  about  1  M.  N.  of  the  hotel.  The  view  from  the 
summit  is  pleasing,  especially  just  before  sunset,  when,  besides  the  nol)le 
hills  to  the  N.  and  the  huge,  conical  Haystack  Mt.  to  the  E.,  a  fine  south- 
erly prospect  is  given,  embracing  the  narrow  notcli,  with  Lafayette  tower- 
ing on  the  1.  and  Mt.  Profile  on  the  r.  Echo  Lake  is  seen  in  the  nearer 
f(in'f;rouiid. 

Profile  Mt.,  or  Mt.  Cannon,  is  ascended  by  a  steep  foot-path  S.  of  the 
hotel,  in  2-3  hrs.  The  *  view  is  of  great  beauty,  including  the  Bethle- 
hini  heights  on  the  N.,  with  Haystack,  Lafayette,  and  the  Mt.  Washing- 
ton group  on  the  E.  and  N.  E.  On  the  S.,  between  Mts.  Pemigowasset 
ami  Liberty,  stretclies  far  into  the  distance  the  fair  and  fruitful  valley  of 
the  I'tiniigewasset  River.  On  the  summit  is  a  rock  which  is  supposed  to 
resemble  a  cannon,  and  visitors  often  descend  thence  to  the  vicinity  of 
the  ledges  which  form  the  Profile.  On  the  slope  of  this  mt.  (and  reached 
hy  following  the  aqueduct  into  tlie  woods  back  of  the  old  Lafayette 
House)  is  a  lively  brook  which  exhibits  some  fine  cascades  after  heavy 
rains.  Good  views  of  Echo  Lake  and  Eagle  Clilf,  with  the  highland  val- 
leys to  the  N.,  may  be  obtained  from  the  brookside. 

**The  Profile  is  best  seen  from  a  point  by  the  roadside  (marked  by  a 
piide-board)  a  few  rods  S.  of  the  hotel.  1,200  ft.  above  the  road,  three 
enormous  masses  of  rock  project  from  the  side  of  the  mt.,  in  the  exact 
serabhuice  of  the  profile  of  an  old  man's  face,  with  firmly  drawn  chin, 
ps  slightly  parted,  and  a  well-proportioned  nose  surmounted  by  a  mas- 
live  brow.  It  is  "  a  mountain  which  breaks  into  human  expression,  a 
iece  of  sculpture  older  than  the  Sphinx,  an  intimation  of  the  human 
untenancp,  which  is  the  crown  of  all  beauty,  that  was  pushed  out  from 
e  coarse  strata  of  New  England  tliousands  of  years  before  Adam. 
e  legend  of  "The  Great  Stone  Face,"  as  told  by  Hawthorne,  belongs 
this  place.  Directly  below  the  Profile  (which  is  iO  ft.  long)  and  near 
le  road,  is  the  crystal  tarn  called  Profile  Lake,  or  the  Old  Man's  Wash- 
«1,  a  sequestered  and  beautiful  sheet  of  water,  from  whose  bosom  is 
'tained  a  pleasing  sunset  view  of  the  majestic  J'Jagle  Cliff.  This  is  the 
t  point  from  which  to  see  that  lofty  and  remarkable  cliff  (Ij.'SOO  ft. 
;h)  which  projects  from  the  mt.  opposite  the  Profile  House.  Near 
file  Lake  is  the  Trout-house,  containing  many  tame  breeding-trout, 
t. Lafayette,  "the  Duke  of  Western  Coos,"  is  5,259  ft.  high,  and  is 
*nded  by  a  bridle-path  diverging  to  the  1.  from  tlie  road,  close  by 
Profile  House,  and  rounding  Eagle  Cliff  (3^  iM.  long).  The  path  is 
P  and  arduous,  but  the  ascent  may  easily  be  accomjjlished  in  3  -  4  hrs., 
[li  horses  and  guides  from  the  Profile  House.  After  a  long  ascent 
™gh  the  dense  forest  which  covers  the  lower  slopes,  the  path  emerges 
f  the  bright  waters  of  the  Eagle  Lakes)  upon  a  bare  and  rugged  tract 


',. 


ri 


1-'' 

I 
I 


11 


^hM 


■%  1 


-i 


i  f  i 


I       '  1 


,,        THE  FEANCOmA  MOUNTAINS. 
240    yto'"«-  The  .vie«  from  the  .™.mt» 

broaJ  a,Kl  lie""'''"'' J"™  p,,.,„„„tli  (20  M.   <«»' D-      '  „,, 

^"^  ;f rof  AeP  o  10  nou,e  (frequent  .^-S-);,  J^^  rich  ».- J 
r:i"-t°irMt.ren.-.«a...^ 

'HvraTe^Srr^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

that  pours  '"'°  ,*7"f  pretty  cascades  """y  ^  *°""*.  tfe  House,  lyij 

deep,  Mled  «tl.  ^»>-\«t  j^est  of  the  casc^es  that      de  ^    o    1 
Basin  is  to  ascend  to  the  lug  j^„„„  *°"  •I'^^v  S.  tlu„,  s.4 

the  rocky  roof,  laii^^  ^-  „  into  the  fovesti 

i^eath."  .     ,  .    20  minutes  by  a  path  leaaing  ^^.^  i 

TUe  pool  is  g-f  .  \''J,u.  cut  in  the  ^^-^^f^^^^  ^f  d.J 

hermit  dweiis  ^  ^  ^^^^^^  ^^^ 

available.  ,  ,  ^    ^  road  diverging  to  ^^^  ^,-00 

*Tlie  nume  \^7;^^^;^, /the  foot  of  the  lov.er  cascade 

S.  of  the  hotel,  -^-f  ;;X':mooth  ledges  over  wluch  the 

point  a  path  ascends  b>tn  ■ 


of 


the  ttooT  f? 

(over  50  M.> 

ermont  are  lu 

es  of  l^i^^^^'^™ 
iale  U^e  VvoWe 

Pilot  M^s     -^ 

tUbcrvy>som 


!\w\ 


■when 


i'v\ici^V»" 


THE  PKOFILE  HOUSE  TO  PLYMOUTH.    Route  SI     241 

musically  to  the  entrance  of  tho  Flume.  After  passing  tho  miserable  hut 
wliicli  stands  at  the  mouth  of  tliia  wonderful  ravine,  the  full  power  of 
the  scene  is  felt.  A  substantial  plank-walk  lias  been  built  alonj:^  the 
course  of  the  stream,  whicli  it  often  crosses.  The  ravine  is  about  7*10  ft. 
long,  and  its  precipitous  rock-walis  are  CO -70  ft.  high.  The  walls  are 
about  20  ft.  apart  for  most  of  the  distance,  but  approach  each  other  more 
closely  near  the  upper  end,  where  the  gor^'e  is  narrowed  to  10  ft.  The 
huge  boulder  which  long  hung  suspended  here  was  swept  away  in  188'j, 
wlu'ii  a  formidable  slide  from  the  mountain  abose  rushed  tlirough  tho 
Flume.  IJy  clambering  along  the  musical  cascade  Jo  the  upper  end  of 
the  ravine,  one  can  reach  the  edge  of  the  cliffs  above  and  look  down  into 
the  I'luine. 

(kiinjeanna  (or  Harvard)  Falls  are  S.  W.  of  the  hotel,  a'ld  are  reached 
by  a  forest-path  that  leaves  the  Plymouth  road  1  M.  S.  of  th  )  hotel  (guide 
at  the  farmhouse).  After  a  long  ascent  which  follows  tho  stream  through 
the  forest,  the  falls  are  seen,  "making  two  leaps  of  80  ft.  eacli,  one  im- 
mediately after  the  other,  which,  as  we  climb  towards  them,  gleani  as  one 
spliiuliil  line  of  light  through  the  trees  and  shrubbery  that  fringe  the 
iloft^  cleft."  From  the  ledge  above  these  falls  is  gained  "the  stalwartest 
prospect  in  all  Franconia." 


,n.ference.^^ 
;oytbe\^e'AutNO^ 

t  slide  aloi^g  a 
'%v.itbtluu,si.o. 

the  Pemlge^v^-^' 
,d  the  gvoo^*^ 
[hadowed  ve^e 

the  tovesV 

ft.  depth  oi  ^ 

ater.-V^-'^f:;i, 
the  Ylum^  ^^ 


WOTI 

rvoi'l 


ling 


into 


short " 


Lo  thel-a^ 

.er  cascade, 


The  Profile  Iloicse  to  Plymouth. 

(Stages  leave  two  or  three  times  a  day  for  N.  Woodstock,  where  the 

aiii  is  taken.)    Tlie  road  leads  through  the  narrow  glen  for  5  M.,  passes 

ihe  Flinne  House,  between  Mts.  Pemigewasset  and  Liberty,  and  then  de- 

iceiids  to  a  more  open  country.     The  front  view  is  line,  "so  soft  and 

tlieate  are  the  general  features  of  the  outlook  over  the  widening  Pemigo- 

as^et  valley,  so  rich  the  gradation  of  the  lights  over  the  miles  of  gently 

oping  forest  that  sweep  down  towards  Cainpton!"     4  M.  beyond  the 

ume  House  the  rugged  town  of  Lincoln  is  left,  with  its  32,450  acres  of 

id  barely  supporting  a  resident  population  of  71  persons.      Woodslock  is 

w  traversed,  with  Black,  Blue,  and  Cushman's  Mts.  on  the  W.,  and 

anoblia  on  the  E.,  beyond  which  are  glimpses  of  the  peaks  toward  the 

litc-Mt.  Notch.     This  town  has  8  or  10  boarding-houses,  whose  prices 

,'e  from  S7.00  to  $  10.00  a  week. 

l*:yo!ul  Woodstock  a  fine  *  retrospect  is  afforded,  whore  "the  arrange- 
t  of  tlie  principal  Franconia  Mts.  in  half-sexagon  —  so  that  we  get  a 
ng  ini])ression  of  their  mass,  and  yet  see  tlieir  separate  steely  edges, 
iiiing  with  different  lights,  running  down  to  the  valley — is  one  of 
urb  ')icture3  in  N.  H.  What  a  noble  combination, — those  keen 
ours  c  f  the  Haystack  pyramids,  and  tha  knotted  muscles  of  Mt 
vette  beyond  I " 

11  f 


1' 


■•, 


!3 

f 

M 

A 

p. 
i ) 


!-. 


■      'j: 


!.  ■     4  1 


242    ^^""''^  ^^' 


W\TE11VILUK. 


1     It 


hi*'  V 


,.      hn,  «P8  of  P»ra  P-  ^  *'"'"^' 

S.  >«  "'•  ''""7';:i  „•    Jin  »ud  uu.a.lo>v  .c.u"y.  ,„.j.p,„„ , 

eampton  Village  I  ^   j,„„„,  j.,  A.  J  ..^  ^,,,| 

,„.,„i,.„t  ;■■  •  ;.  •  .^^"''mu  are  h,  .he  v,™^.    ^;;i,„  ,■,.„.,  „,  „., 
rrospcct  "'"'.'''"''„  cave  at  €am|.toi>  n»n.«.a  ,    „„., 

l(,ftv  poaU  »'^  Of  ®^,,*  \nd  the  view  thence  is  b'"  ^vhii 

Conway,  ^"f  ^V' trSmway.    li^^l"^  VX  seen  on  clear  days. 

The  Ftan,e,  on  a  brook  3,    4  »  ,.„,,„„„tly  "»"«^-   .fji    sJ 

Z  the  Wl»  °"  ;;StheC^»totheN  E  to  the  we    ;^^^^ 

parties  have  l>e"»»f\,^%,,vt-Mt.  Pond  leaOa  \>y  ;'  ™^°     ,;  i,.  J 

Sandwich  (on  the  SO.     "    under  Mt.  O»«iola  (5  M.  f  om  ^^    1 

leacbtottoGreeleyPonJ,^^       ,,,,,,  to^ 

then,  leaving  Mt.<^.'»"fc»':^„„„„  of  this  rtreara       tc^^'  ■ 


DixviLLK  Notch 

....l;.J0„„ectc.,l  w/U,  0„il.ll,  ,1      ,;""''?■'""  ""''  f-'-wtict  Hi vo « 

"'/*'<■  ailil  fnffiT.     I    1       .  '  '■"•^   I'Utl'l' river       TI.  .  * 

'-.iii(iioiti/i..,i,|„,.,     .,     ,  ^.     '  "*<^>.      i'lo  town  u-assoft?,.,! 


■Ucftllftui;  trout  fi  ^1  ■       •  "»*i'" 

(JtSEofClb  '"^'"•»  fotoh 

""I-.IM  i"hauL.s  V     '   :r°f  »"""^-.  -Inch  Jiz 

ti.  tlf       ,"''"°'  ""  "  •'""ay,  wreck  Thf/T  °'  '"'"  ""^  deso- 
*"""  «"'»f  "■^  hungry  foe;  •.™T,,;*J.''r'^»  «"hm«i„„  „, 

'  ""'  "«>'  of  the  Notch  ij 


.■♦■ ! ! 


LAKE  UMBAGOG. 


Q44     Raute  35.  ,     i  •  ,   i 

.      ,  «t  a  bic'h  level  by  the  road  ^vlud>  Iv,. 

r  frowning  at  =.c„  »''-  ^^  „r„Z  UansitoHness,  and  »„u.t... 

:Xd  ty  a  SnnleW  "-^^^-^  „»'  »,»  .ea,  and  is  a  nan.«  ,»■ 
r,.il  ft.  above  the  road  and  ^.J''"  "_  ^j^,,  ,,,„p,  preciyitons  » .   - 

,„ae  only  aV,out  8  a  -^»f„  ^^t'  ,nt.    MonacUj^^^a  il    iS  «■ 
no  view  is  very  '^'''Xint »",  ...ttJ  in ,™n.™  ;.  ^^^^^^^i  J".,,.  i„  .1,  S^ 

l,„v:TaHeKocUa*ortpatYeads^^^^^^^^         ^___^,_^^^,    .j,     ,.,M 
^L  »now  and  ice  may  t>e  found  t  non  J.0  ^^^^^  ^.^^  , 

i,  seen  lion,  a  guide-board  on  the  r  ^^  ^_^_  ^  ,,„„,    „  „, 

is  a  neat  rustic  bvulge  ami  .ca  ,    c  ^  ^  ^^.^^^^^^^      ,  ^s 

— S'arrr;f:ii:a.e.en,de—  ^- 

present  a  scene  of  pastm.A  Y  ^^^,  ^ 

late  region  bclimd.  ,,cnallv  commenced,  thong"  l ;       L 

F™;  tbi»  point  tbe  -""'■;;  X'n  sometin>e»  go  on  t«  '■■;'  'J 


>i! 


ms^sssSBSF^ 


iug  a  s\iav\. 
liar  sides  five 
t,se  oiiffs  of 

Tude  stairway 

a  narrow  pi'v 
,ous  «i'^^'«- 


Its.  avo  y 
vail'')- 


,\  Mt. 

m 


^S^"\.,:..„l.'ss.-m. 


.en  I'a^i^"" 
icU  arp  s" 


>U  Iv^i:'. 


BOSTON  TO  CAPE  ANN. 


/Jojf^e  36.     245 


,e  tUeiv  slu;vvuv« 
•s  over  tluiii. 
,profouiv\cba>« 

uev.    Ti.^  i''-^^ 
np  on  the  clui>, 
,  board  ou  tk  t  I 
ing,  and  anctl.^ 

,,,dthermnf; 

veloped  by  clej- 
,th  fading  to 

k  ^duchi.  ^l«f ' 
;ide..  and  haste. 
The  Notci.  M 
c.d.s,Wove^.J 
Beyoiui  the  '.^ 

i\e, 


and  by  l-ullo^v.. 
tsideseatisve*^- 


;W 


ding 


sbiicr 


from 


■e  of  the  ^otcb  ^^ 
artK'5 


1,1  thongh  ?' 

lamer  leaves    ^   .1 
ad  also  ior    U^ 
WintUrovtt'Usl 


in  the  Open  Air  ")  of  his  voyage  in  a  small  boat  to  tho  Rangeley  Lakes, 
piissiiig  through  Umbagog,  then  over  a  3  M.  portage,  and  thence  travers- 
ing tlic  Lakes   VVelocksebacook,  Allegundabagog,  Mollychunkaning,  and 
Moosetocniaguntic  to  Rangeley  (see  Route  41).     From  tlie  Lake  House  at 
tk'  S.  eiiil  of  Umbagog,  semi- weekly  singes  run  to  Bethel  (see  Route  40). 
Connecticut  Lake  (Conn.  Lake  JIoksc)  is  25  M.  N,  E.  of  Colebrook. 
It  is  i)h  M.  long  by  "2.^  M.  wide,  and  abounds  in  fish.     A  small  steamer 
plies  ovur  its  waters.     4  M.  N.  E.  tlirougli  tlie  forest  is  Second  Lake,  2.| 
M.long  by  2  i\I.  wide,  while  still  farther  N.  is  Third  Lake,  covering  200 
aires,  and  on  the  border  of  Canada  is  Fourth  Lake,  the  source  of  the  Con- 
necticut River.     The  latter  lake  covers  3  acres,  and  is  2,500  ft.  above  the 
Sea.    S.  E.  of  Connecticut  Lake  the  Magalloway  Mts.   are  seen,  while 
from  its  lower  end  the  Connecticut  River  ("Quonektacut,"  meaning  Long 
I'viver,  or  River  of  Pines)  flows  down  a  long  cascade.     These  lakes  are  in 
Pittsburg,  a  town  of  200,000  acres,  with  but  400  inhabitants.      Game 
abounds  in  the  forests,  and  lish  in  the  streams. 

36.  Boston  to  Cape  Ann. 

Trains  sevoral  times  a  day,  from  Eastern  11.  II  station,  on  Causeway  St.   To  Man- 
I Chester,  25  M.;  Gloucester,  31 ;  llockport,  3,).     Daily  steamboats  tVoiii  Boston. 

Boston  to  Beverly,  see  page  248.    Tlieiice  a  branch  line  runs  N.  E.,  with 

If.iie  views  of  Salem  harbor,  by  Fru/e^s  Crossiiuj,  Btvu-hj  Farms,  and  W. 

^Mmcheilti;  wiiere  there  are  n()l)ie  /<ea-side  villas  and  estates  of  wealthy 

bH>tiiiiiiUis.    Manchester-by-the-Sea  {Manchester  //oj<se,  ;B7  a  week)  is 

iqimiut  little  maritime  village,  about  i  M.  from  tlio  great  *  J/./scono'/.o 

%mt  (S:5..jOa  day  ;  |>::!r)-4()  a  week;  billiards,  bowling,  sail-boats,  tele-. 

ppli,  gas),  near  Eagle  Head,  the  Singing  Beach,  etc.     It  stands  on  a  due 

j'adlaiid,  with  a  vast  sea-view.     Tlie  beach  is  hard  and  smooth.     Inter- 

Wiig  drives  landward.     Magnolia  (Hesperus,  Ocean-Side,  and  Crescent- 

h'lch  Houses,  S  12-20  a  week  each;  Oak-Grove,  Sta-View,  and  WilloiD 

l't('"jt,  $8-  12  each),  2-2^  M.,  from  the  obscure  Magnolia  station,  is  a 

fry  |nipu!ar  summer-resort,  on  fine  rocky  bluffs  over  the  .sea,  nnd  near 

finiiuu's  Woe  (see  page  240).     Wm.  M.  Hunt's  picturesque  studio,  77/e 

jUi'M  i-;  here;  and  his  disciples  still  haunt  the  adjacent  cliffs  and  forests. 

|iies  Freeman  (Jiarko's  summer-home  is  near  by.     Bevoud  dreary  hills, 

:ridj;eof  '"the  laud  of  rocks  and  roses"  (Cape  Ann),  the  train  reaches 

pliiucest<>v  (^r/fJMcvs^'r  Hotel;  Ocean,    ^V^/w^f-r,-  each  .$7-10  a  week  ;   I'a- 
I'"",  5^y-  lu)      At  (ioml-IIarhor  lieacli,  Has.s-Iloek  House  (L\  M.  out,  !;;!  12  -  'JO 
['vM;  at  E.  Gloucester,  ll.iibor-View,  Delpliine,  fc'wii-Vic.v,  ISuasiile.aud  I'cbbly- 
tli  UuiuM,  1>  -  2  M.  out,  uud  i#  7  -  10  a  week  each. 


I'ucestor,  the  foremost  fishing  port  in  the  world,  stands  on  a  fine  harbor 
j-Hv  Ami,  and  has  20,000  inhabitants,  15  churciies,  and  5  banks.  It  is 
|f!»l  of  the  famous  North  Shore,  lined  with  patrician  Bostonian  villas, 
Vdtljraled  in  art,  poetry,  and  history'. 


I 


& 


M 


,_^.-.-.iir^ 


,11 


246    Route  36. 


GLOUCESTER. 


^_       :oute  36.  structure  of  brick,  in  tbe 

Ten  Poimtl  Island,  ana  i  ^^^^^  j^^,.v,or  is  p  ,^ ;, 

«« -']  ""'"Airs  i:  uja..o..  -^f^;;t:;v*:u .  o,,.*.. 

su,„n»r  tear,  ."g*""^"  ^^  ^„,„e,y  „„  the  «""! j^  '  ^„,i,,  .ho«  * 
,vhKh  has  wW  ami  "'fc        ,„a  „t  which  are  the  B«^  .j^,,,.,,, 

,„t  rolls  in  8f '"I'i  ;7,  „f  Brookhank  and  ^'^'^^^ '„(  t,,e  «v  ij 

look,  the  r«"fi*i!n  e"t«-    Within  5  mmnte    *  ^'^  °  ^^.fl^tov" 
open  sea  heyoud  E.  G lonceste  ^^^^^^  „„,„„   ^>*  hs         J 

J  Fort  Point  a  "»";  J^,f  i  highest  point     "  "  „„  ,„rf  * 

L«ly  E.  S.  Wortley  jaj,         "^  J,„i  „u  Atlanta  ^^^„. 

battle  ship,  we  «» J""  i°^\„  the  city  on  the  An"   '1"™  ^^^  '  ,,,,*  B 


,r  +>ip  "  Apostle  ot  vJi^i^^'°.,  -.i^urcAi.   In  ^■"f.      vw  a  uriviittor 
John  Murray.  t^eAp,,^  y.^rs  ^^\'^^£^th^  ^^^^<'}''^'Z^!  so^une. 
^'l^cul^oKSn   J^uicA  -vB^-Ptur«.i  S!hs  capacity  ben>,^30^^^  ^^^ , 


he  "  APOstle  of  ^^i^^^^l^e^urch.   >«  ^T- "   hv  a  priv.tar.  I 


Fi,st  Parish  thurcu  (.i  .  jV^orwaH  s   ""^ I 

«vel,  -r  :-? r  Cd^-'  and  nowninS  r;[  -  ,*'  ' 


er  road,  auu  ^ — ,  ,    „  of  llie  i-J"-'' 

ctpred  path  in  the  holders  ^^^^  i 


110   Xi^'^i — 


ROCKPORT. 


Route  S3.     ^lAl 


rio.k,  itv  ^^« 


tivity. 


\)eu'.g 


ronv  l\^e  ^''^^ 
;\i  is  o\)tawt\ 
mpact  slroe^, 

■ster  peuiusvAa, 
On  UiU'>  G0.1 

l,'o{UveCHylU 

jy  (a^^f^ 
:ing  th« 
,71  Ko/e/, 


surf  iw'! 

of  -A 


aftoat 


xu 


luw« 


road,  com«^»^ 


\)\cali 


avn 
the^are, 

e  l7tU  ccnUuy. 

evidences  of  c>^ 
xss  of  Tod.B  -f 


Low, 


Following  the  precipitous,  rocky  shore  about  1  M.  S.  W.  of  the  reef, 
one  comes  to  *Rafe'3  Chasm,  a  remarkable  fissure  in  the  great  cliff  which 
fronts  the  sea.  It  is  6  ft.  wide,  40-50  ft.  deep,  and  100  ft.  long,  and  the 
roar  of  the  wcves  is  appalling  when  they  sweep  through  it  after  a  storm, 
Some  distance  beyond,  on  the  same  shore,  is  another  cnrio'.is  cleft  in  the 
trap-rock.  The  ramble  may  be  extended  to  Goldsmith's  Point  and 
its  summer  villas,  with  Kettle  Island  and  Great  Egg  Rock  off  shore,  and 
the  elecant  *  Crescent- Beach  Ilnuae.  A  little  to  the  N.  (and  near  the 
Magnolia  flag-station  on  the  railroad)  is  a  swamp  containing  the  rare  and 
beautiful  magnolia-trees,  whose  flowers  are  out  in  July. 

"  Around  the  Cape  "  is  a  favorite  excursion  from  Gloucester,  and  the 
(distance  is  12-14  M.  From  Gloucester  to  Rockport  by  highw'ay  or  rail- 
Iroad,  is  about  4  M.  By  diverging  to  the  r.  from  the  main  road  a  shore- 
Iroad  (inlVrior)  is  gained,  which  leads  to  Rockport  by  Whale  and  Loblolly 
[Coves,  passing  near  Thacher's  and  Straitsmouth  Islands,  with  their  tall 
lliglitliouses.  Thacher's  Island  has  two  powerful  Fresnel  lights,  in 
ranite  towers,  112  ft.  high  and  ^  M.  apart.  There  is  a  tra<lition  that  a 
rebel  cruiser  hit  one  of  these  lanterns  with  a  cannon-shot  during  a  dark 
gilt  of  tlie  Secession  War. 

Eockport  {Sheridan  House)  is  a  well-named  to^vn   of  about  4,000 
jial)itaiits,  with  6  churches  and  2  banks.     From  costly  artificial  harbors 
lOiig  this  rock-bound  coast,  great  quantities  of  granite  are  shipped  to  all 
rts  of  the  Union.   2  M.  N.  of  Miis  village  is  the  summer-resort  of  Pujeon 
re  (stages  froni  Rt)ck])ort  station),  with  the  Pigeon  Cove,  OceJin  View, 
Linwood  Hotels  (UO- 75  guests  each;    ^12-15  a  week).     This  was 
lerly  a  favorite  resort  of  the  great  divines  of  the  liberal  sects, —  Chapin, 
rr  King,  Bartol,  and  others, — and  has  grown  rapidly  in  ijopularity.    The 
ky  shores  furnish  an  endless  variety  of  scenery,  and  the  surf,  after 
ly  Avcather,  is  grand  in  its  power.     Phillips  Avenue  and  other  streets 
e  been  graded  on  the  heights  by  Pigeon  Cove,  and  a  large  village  of 
mer  residences  (called  Ocean  View)  has  been  built  here. 
loni  Ocean  View,  the  road  runs  to  Folly  Cove,  and  near  Folly  Point, 
N.  limit  of  the  Cajie,  to  Lanesville,  looking  across  the  northern  waters 
litslioies  of  Essex  North,  New  Hampshire,  and  lower  Maine.     There 
oardiug-houses  here,  and  a  little  way  beyond  is  Bay  View,  where 
Ifii'gc  wharves,  and  a  steam  railroad  running  back  into  quarries  which 
a  favorite  light-colored  granite.    On  a  sightly  hill  over  the  port  is 
leL'aui  seaside  cottage  (of  red  and  gray  granite)  pertaining  to  the 
E.  F.  Butler.     Beyond  is  the  hamlet  of  Annisquam,  at  the  mouth 
tSqtiam  River,  with  summer  boarding-honses  and  a  group  of  villas 
C;iiid)ridge  Avenue,  and  owned  by  Cambridge  people.     It  is  about 
0  Gloucester,  by  Riverdale  and  the  hill  known  as  the  Poles,  and  up 
nam  River.     The  ancient  canal  from  Squam  to  the  harbor  has  been 
'd.    The  Grand-View  and  Dudley  Houses  are  at  Annis(iuam, 


M 


If: 


f/l 


!. 


248    Rmite  36. 


CAPE  ANN. 


ItNl  II 


lit  1,1 


■?!' 


\ 

u 

t 

I 


Cape  Ann  was  formerly  iiilialiited  by  a  small  tribe  of  Indians,  who  called  it  Win- 
gaersheek.     It  was  rounded  by  Capt.  Smith  in  1614,  who  named  it  Cape  Trnga- 
bigzanda  in  memory  of  a  Turkish  princess  who  had  befriended  him  while  he  was 
wounded  and  a  prisoner  in  Constantinople  (IGOl).     Prince  Charles  of  Kiit;laii(l 
overruled  Smith,  and  named  the  cajie  in  honor  ot  his  royal  mother.     In  li;:'otlie 
forest-covered  promontory  was  settled  by  a  colony  under  Roger  Coniiiit,  wlm 
founded  here  the  lirst  Puritan  chui(;h.     Abandoned  by  Conant  in  favor  oi  Sjilcm, 
it  was  soon  re-peoiiled  by  another  swarm  from  the  Enj^Iisli  hive,  and  incoiiioiaiiii 
in  1(542  under  the  name  of  Gloucester,  since  most  of  its  settlers  came  ticm  the 
English  town  ot  that  name.     The  colonists  soon  exterminated  the  "  lyons"  and 
drove  off  the  Indians.     1(!'.>2  was  "a  year  memorable  in  the  annals  of  mysitn-," 
and  hundreds  of  p'rench  and  Indian  ghosts  were  thought  to  haunt  the  i^■A\\^\  ivA 
were  often  shot  at  but  never  hurt.     So  groat  was  the  jianic  that  two  ri',i;iiiii  nts 
from  the  mainland  occupied  the  cape.     \Vith  the  decline  of  the  witchcraft  dilibinn 
in  Salem  the  superstitious  mariners  of  Gloucester  lost  sight  of  their  Jiiysttnidiis 
enemies,  and  the  guards  were  withdrawn.     In  1716  the  fiist  terrible  inariiK'  div 
aster  occurred,  when  5  large  (ishing-vessels  from  this  por^  were  lost  oil' tin'  iSiinks 
with  all  on  board.     In  1774 Edmund  Burke,  sj)eaking  of  the  Massachusetts lisliir- 
men,  said,  "  No  sea  but  what  is  vexed  by  their  fisheries,  no  climate  tlmt  is  wa 
witness  of  their  toils  ;  neither  the  perseverance  of  Holland,  nor  the  activity  if 
France,  nor  the  dexterous  and  firm  sagacity  of  English  enterprise,  ever  canii'i! 
their  most  perilous  mode  of  hardy  industry  to  the  extent  to  which  it  lias  Uvw 
pursued  by  this  recent  peojvle, —  a  people  who  are  yet  in  the  gristle,  ami  \vA  yd 
hardened  into  manhood."     In  1775  Cape  Ann  sent  800  men  to  the  Ameii'  an  iiniiy 
besieging  Boston,  and  in  August  of  that  year  Gloucester  was  bonihanlcii  fur  4 
hours  by  the  British  sloop-of-war  "  Falcon."    Theminntc-mcn  laid  the  tii\vn,,n,l 
captured  4  boats,  a  tender,  and  a  prize  schooner  with  40  men  from  the  "  ralmn." 
The  ruined  town  was  soon  rejiaired,  and  with  the  close  of  the  war,  the  eessiili'n 
of  privateering,  and  the  reductiim  of  the  national  navy,  the  tishing-Hects  were  nine 
more  nninned  am'  sent  out.     Gloucester  luid  included  the  whole  cai>e  uniil  ISJ", 
when  Rockport  oecanie  an  independent  town.      The  canal  from  the  liiiiber  to  j 
Squam  River  (first  cut  in  164:i)  was  long  ago  abandoned  as  useless,     lu  \i''i  \ 
Gloucester  received  a  city  charter. 

William  Winter,  the  poet,  E.  P.  Whijiide,  the  ts.Hayist,  and  Samuel  Oilman,  thf  I 
Unitarian  divine,  were  born  here  ;  also,  Capt.  Ilaraden,  who,  with  the  "I'iiker-j 
ing,"  swept  the  Bay  of  Biscay  and  the  North  Atlantic,  and  took  1,000  eaiiiioii  im\ 
the  British  on  the  sea,  between  1775  and  178:^.  Ejies  Sargent,  the  author ;  IlfirrJ 
Sargent,  the  painter  ;  and  other  notables  of  the  same  family,  eauie  from  UIuuks-^ 
ter. 

On  approaching  Gloucester  by  rail,  one  of  (he  first  objects  that  ?fril;  «j 
the  eye  is  the  tall  chimney  of  the  works  of  tlie  IJnssia  t'onicnt  Cuinia'iyi 
located  at  the  head  of  tliat  picturesque  arm  of  tiie  sen  called  S(iiiain  llivtrl 
These  works  are  devoted  almost  exclusively  to  ti>e  manufacture  of  lii|ii:i 
glues  from  the  skins,  bones,  an4  other  waste  portions  of  various  kind' 
fish  collected  from  the  immense  fish-packin<r  estal)lisl>:.itMits  of  tlii^ciiij 
and  elsewhere,  and  are  by  far  the  largest  works  of  tiie  kind  in  tlie  wii' 
Tlie  qnantUy  of  tisii  waste  jirodnced  in  the  city  of  Gloucester  is  cstimaitl 
to  be  about  6,000  tons  per  annum,  nearlv  all  of  which  is  conveyed  toiij 
works  by  teams.     Besides  this,  larg,e  quantities  are  broiii^ht  fiom  oi-ff 
places  by  rail,  for  the  handlinj^  of  which  a  special  track  has  been  \m  N 
tlie  main  line  directly  into  the  works  of  the  company.     The  newworbij 
the  liussia  Cement  Company,  which  were  built  in  1887-88,  are  avnii.'fj 
upon  the  most  modern  scientific  principles,  no  expense  havinj?  been  ^pij 
which  would  in  any  way  contribute  towards  the  perfection  of  the  prol:j 
Tlie  most  important  processes  are  protected  by  patents  in  this  and  ('''1 
count,  ies.     Ibe  Russia  (\'mcnt  Company  derived  its  name  from  lis  ril 
product,  which  was  larfjely  used  in  p'ace  of  Rnpsia  Isintclass  in  theimj 
factnre  of  cement  for  leather  beltin,j:;  but  the  most  widely  known  pr'' 
of  this  company  is  ''  licrafre's  Kiquid  Glne."     This  trine,  for  wliiciiJ^i'^ 
gold  medals  have  been  frranted  at  International  Kxpositions.  i*  \^''^ 
used  on  both  sides  the  Atlantic,  and  is  worthy  of  its  high  reputation. 


Re 


vc 


,alU'<\  it  V;in- 
Cave  Traga- 
while  be  was 
s  of  YAvAm\ 
In  liviothe 
CoiiHut,  will 
^V„r  (>'  ^:i^''l"; 

aiiu'  Ivciu  tlie 
,  "  lyo'.is"  and 
Is  of  WlV^'^''^'' 

,  t\\c  ciive,  aii.l 

two    ITIAlIllt'UlS 

L-licvaft  ai'\u>V'ii 
lU'iv  luystfW'US 

st  oiV  tlu'  r>;mV> 
■ai-liusftisfislirt- 
i.afetlmt>s>.'H 

vise,  fvey  ^->"'^^ 

objects  that  stri^l 
alloaSquamW    I 

\  rou:.^M  from  0  j 

Tho,  ue^v^vorl^■^ 
>-  ««<   are  aWH'r^L 

^[igh  reputation. 


SOMERVILLE.    -EVERETT.        Route  Sr.     2A9 

37.    Boston  to  Portland  and  St.  John. 

This  Is  the  most  interesting  and  easy  of  the  routes  to  Maine  and  the  Maritime 
Prnvini'cf.  No  eiiiinge  of  oars  is  neoessary  between  Hoston  and  Ha!ij;or.  Hoston  to 
Salmi,  V)  M.  ;  to  Ncwburyport,  3(»  M.  ;  to  Portsmoutli,  Mi  M.  ;  to  Poi  tliind,  lOS  M.  ; 
tn  Anfrusta,  171  M. ;  to  Unnu'or,  246  M. ;  to  St.  John,  440  M. ;  to  Halifax,  636  M.  ; 
express-trains,  IJoston  to  lHanffor,  8  hrs. 

The  rliicf  advantapji!  possessed  by  tliis  line  is  that  it  runs  thronph  the  large  sea- 
rlfics  nf  MassHohnsetts.  with  frequent  views  of  tlie  ocean  and  the  northern  bays. 
NuiitiTiMis  populnr  seaside  ro.-orts  are  nenr  i*s  trark,  ■wliilc  many  eonnei'ting  lines 
inn  l.itiilward  fioiii  it.  Fares,  to  Portland,  $3  00;  to  Bangor,  sifO.OO;  to  St.  John, 
eii'.iiO;   fc.  Haiifii.x,  .*14.0(). 

The  line  nearly  eniiieides  with  tlio  route  of  the  "  Portsmouth  Flying  Coach 
Co.,"  cstahlislied  in  1702,  to  nial--.c  vceUly  trins  by  way  of  the  Newburyport  roail. 
The  fare  was  13s.  (id.  to  Portsinoutii  and  '.(.v.  to  Nt!wbury.  President  Dwight 
(iif  Yiik')  rode  over  this  route  in  17'.tO,  and  wrote,  "No  ]iart  of  tho  United  States 
luniishes  a  tour  equally  jileasing.  Nowiiere  is  tlierc  in  the  same  compass  such  a 
miiiiliiT  of  towns  eiiually  interesting,  large,  wealtliy,  and  beautiful,  or  equally 
iiilialijted  by  intelligent,  polished,  and  respectable  jieople." 

Two  tlirough  express  trains  run  daily  each  way  between  Boston  and  Bangor, 
210  M. 

The  train  leave.s  tlie  terminal  station  on  Causeway  St.,  at  the  foot  of 
Friend  St.,  and  rnn.s  out  over  Charles  River  on  a  long  trestle.     On 

thel.  is  the  track  of  tlie  Boston  anil  Lowell  R.  R.,  and  on  the  r.  are  the 
Fitcli1)urg  and  the  Boston  and  Maine  tracks.  The  heights  of  Charlcstown, 
crowned  by  Bunker  Hill  Monument,  rise  on  the  r.,  and  the  manufactories 
of  E.  Cuiubridge  are  seen  on  the  1.  Off  Prison  Point  (Ch.arlestown)  the 
Fitcliburg  R.  R.  is  crossed,  Avith  the  State  Prison  close  at  hand,  and  tho 
McLean  Asylum' for  the  Insane  on  the  1.  This  Asylum  was  oj)ened  in 
1818,  and  has  extensive  buildings  wliicli  cost  over  $200,000,  surrounded 
by  pleasant  grounds.  It  was  named  for  a  philanthropic  Boston  merchant, 
who  gave  $150,000  for  this  object  and  to  Harvard  University.  After 
running  for  nearly  a  mile  over  the  waters  of  Charles  River  and  Miller's 
Creek,  the  line  gains  the  Somerville  meadow.s,  and  crosses  the  Boston  and 
Mahie  track  just  before  reaching  Somerville  station.  Soon  after  leaving 
this  station,  Mt.  Benedict  and  the  site  of  the  Ursuline  Convent  (de- 
stroyed by  a  mob  in  1834)  are  passed  on  the  1.  and  the  train  crosses  tho 
Mystic  River,  — with  Charlestown  and  E.  Boston  on  the  r. 

Station,   Everett,  whence  tlie  Saugus  Branch  diverges  to  the  N.,  and 
passes  througli  the  suburban  villages   of  Maiden,  Maplewood,  Linden, 
Chftomlale,  Saugus,  E.  Saugus,  and  Ljnm  Common,     Near  tlie  lalter  vil- 
lage it  rejoins  the  main  line,     Tlie  town  of  Everett  was  incorporated  in 
,lj"0,  witli  a  population  of  2,222  and  a  valuation  of  §2,000,000.     From 
tliis  point  tlie  track  runs  S,  of  K  to  Chelsea  station.     From  Boston  to 
KlitrLsed  tlie  road  describes  a  semicircle  witli  tlie  CL-ntre  of  tho  curve  in- 
clined to  the  N.  W.     The  road  formerly  terminated  at  E.  Boston,  but  a 
I'lc'pot  was  built  in  the  city,  and  a  circuitous  course  was  necessary  in  order 
ro  avoid  the  deep  outer  channels  of  the  Charles  and   Mystic  Rivers. 
|f  Iitlsea  and  Revere  Beach  are  described  iu  Route  2.     The  line  soon  cro.sscs 
11* 


r'l' 


i' 


.! 


t 


'     &  s'. 


,^i' 


h 


il"* 


I-. 


II    1 


memm 


inin'iCi'iiMi 


■\l  !U=*? 


250    Route  37. 


LYNN. 


! 


Chelsea  Creek  and  Saugiis  River,  with  the  hotels  on  Clielsea  (or  Hcvirc) 
Beach,  on  the  r.,  skirts  Lynn  Harbor,  passes  W.  Lynn,  and  stops  at 

Lynn. 

Hotels.  — The  Poscobol ;  Kirtlnnd.  On  the  beach,  lled-Rock  House  ($12-1S 
a  week),  and  Ocean  (.'ottage.  Horat-cara  to  Boston,  Swnnipscott,  Wyouia,  and 
Peabody.     Sta<iea  to  Naliant. 

Lynn  is  a  busy  city  of  40,000  inhabitants,  situated  near  the  N.  ciul  of 
Mass.  Bay,  on  a  harbor  formed  by  the  jieninsula  of  Nahant.  The  gniiler 
part  of  the  city  is  on  a  plain  near  the  sea,  Avhilo  a  chain  of  porpliyviiiij 
hills  on  the  N.  is  adorned  with  many  neat  villas.  Market  St.  is  tlie  main 
thoroughfare,  and  is  lined  with  large  commercial  buildings,  mostly  of 
brick,  although  by  far  the  greater  part  of  the  city  is  constructed  of  wool. 
Skilled  American  labor  is  employed  here  to  a  larger  extent  than  in  tlie 
other  manufacturing  cities  of  New  England  (where  foreign  workmen  arc 
numerous),  and  its  intcrc  s  are  protected  and  sometimes  over-asserted  by 
a  powerful  organization     "led  the  Knights  of  St.  Crispin. 

The  city  was  founded  in  1629,  and  named  for  Lynn  Regis,  in  England,  the  linnm 
of  its  llrst  pastor  (103(>- 70).  In  1810,  it  was  the  7tli  town  of  Essex  Coiuily  ;  i:i 
1820,  the  5th  ;  in  1830,  the  4t]i  ;  in  1840.  tlie  2d,  which  lank  it  still  iiiaiu'taiii 
(Lawrence  being  the  largest  city  in  the  county).  About  1750,  the  nianufactiiic  nf 
ladies'  shoes  was  commenced  here  by  a  Welelunan  named  Dagyr,  and  it  lias  siiii; 
grown  to  vast  i)roi)ortion8,  Lynn  now  beirg  the  lirst  city  in  the  world  in  this 
branch  of  industiy. 

In  17(J7,  Lvnn  made  80,000  pairs  of  shoes  ;  in  :  10,  l.OOO.oo^  p.nirs  ;  in  l"*"', 
5,300,000  pairs ;  and  in  1880,  over  12,000,000  pairs,  valued  at  » 21,000,000.  In  ISSO, 
there  were  employed  7,297  men  and  3,389  women,  iu  this  work. 

The  *  Soldiers'  Monument  is  an  imposinj?  memorial  (to  280  dead,  out 
of  3,270  men  sent  to  the  war),  with  bronze  statuary'  and  tablets,  near  the 
City  Hall.  The  Public  Library  contains  32,000  volumes;  and  the  city  has 
6  newspapers  and  26  churches. 

The  *City  Hall,  one  of  the  finest  municipal  buildings  in  New  EiiglancI, 
is  S  M.  W.  of  the  station,  substantially  built  of  brick  and  brownslone,  with 
a  tower.  It  fronts  on  a  long  and  narrow  Common,  near  which  is  the  ni.if;- 
nificent  St.  Stephen's  Memorial  Church  (Kpi.scopal),  of  red-gneiss  niblile, 
with  a  very  rich  interior.  Uiijh  Rock  is  N.  of  the  City  Hall,  and  coiniii.imls 
a  wide  view  of  the  city  and  the  surrounding  waters.  Here  was  the  lionnJ 
of  Moll  Pitcher,  a  reputed  sorceress,  and  here  also,  in  later  years,  Inve 
resided  the  Hutchinson  family  of  singers.  Pine  Orovc  CemctiTj  ii  a 
beautiful  niral  burying-ground  on  the  hills  toward  the  "  Lakes  of  Lynn. 

Dungeon  Rock  is  3--t  M.  from  the  city.  Here,  on  one  of  the  higliestj 
of  a  series  of  picturesque,  forest-covered  hills,  it  is  said  that  certain  pirat's 
had  their  den  and  treasure-house,  until  an  earthquake  swall'^wcJ  tli'iuj 
np  (in  the  17th  centxiry).  In  1852  a  person  came  to  this  hiU  and  began  to  I 
dig  for  treasures  under  the  insi)iration  of  spiritualism  and  the  fri;ida;ii'ej 
of  clairvoyants.  He  worked  here  until  his  death  in  1868,  meainvlji'M 
cutting  a  passage  into  the  iron-like  porphyry  rock,  135  ft.  long,  7  ft.  wiueJ 


:!  M 


s  at 

'youia,  at>'» 

The  S^^''^'^'^' 

is  the  ™^™ 
J  niosUy  of 
ted  of  wo'>\. 

.r-assertedl^y 


■cU  Couuvy;.''' 


he  woi-W  ia  ^^^'^ 
000,000.  la^^^' 
to  2B0  Ae«'^.  '^"^ 


and  vUc  e>ty 


SWAMPSCOTT. 


Route  37.     251 


U,  ancU>oan.v.-^' 

vUastUel-;; 
later  yeav..V^ 

'La\ce^  ofLy»«. 

ne  ol  11^^  ^^^2^t 
A>at  certain  P^v.. 

sNvaU---.d  t>v^ 
3luUandU'Sau;o 

,  and  the  ?va 

1868,  TO^-'^^^'V, 
1  ft.  long, '^^•'' 


and  7  tt.  high.     Near  this  point  is  the  Saugus  River,  where  a  forge  and 
smelting-works  for  working  iron  were  erected  in  1043. 

The  pleasantest  part  of  Lynn  is  the  vicinity  of  Nahant  St.  and  Saga- 
more Hill,  where  tliere  are  many  fine  villas  belonging  to  Boston  mer- 
chants. The  bank  bnilding  and  the  new  Universalist  Chnrcli  are  in  this 
quarter,  and  are  worthy  of  notice.  Lynn  Beach  and  Nahant  (see  page  21) 
are  gained  by  way  of  Nahant  St.,  while  by  following  the  shore  toward 
the  N.  (afoot-path  only)  a  line  of  elegant  seaside  villas  is  passed,  and 
Swanipscott  is  reached. 

Soon  after  leaving  Lynn,  the  train  reaches  Swampscott, 

a  fashion- 
able watering-place,  which,  like  Nahant,  is  much  affected  by  the  aristocracy 
of  Boston.  Their  elegant  carriages  and  trim  yachts  are  easily  bronght 
here  (1.3  M.  from  Boston),  and  make  land  and  water  lively  through  tha 
summer  months.  Numerous  boarding-houses,  small  hotels,  and  cottages 
receive  their  quotas  of  the  guests.  Tlie  beaclies  are  short  and  limited, 
but  afford  safe  bathing,  while  the  greater  part  of  the  shore  consists  of 
high  blulTs  and  ragged  ledges.  Phillips'  Beach,  about  3  M.  E.  of  the 
station,  faces  the  open  sea,  and  is  nearly  insulated  by  Phillips'  Pond.  A 
large  cluster  of  cottages  is  built  on  the  prominent  point  over  Dread 
1  Ledge,  from  which  the  shor^  trends  W.,  and  pretty  views  of  Nahant  Bay, 
jtlie  peninsula  of  Nahant,  and  the  islanded  Egg  Rock,  may  be  gained. 
jThe  yachts  and  village  fishing-smacks  are  usually  anchored  olf  Fisher- 
liMii's  Village  and  along  the  S.  shore.  (See  also  page  407. )  Beyond 
|S\vaiiipscott  the  train  reaches 

Salem. 

nntels.  — Essex  llonse,  170  Ksscx  St.,  Si2.2.'j  n  day. 

Horsie-cai'H  Iroiii  Essex  and  \VashinKt()n  Sts.   to  Penhody  and  Pieverly,  the 
fi.lows,  N.  and  S,  Salem,  and  Danvcrs.    Y.  M.  0.  A.,  19i  K^sex  St. 

[Silein,  the  mother-city  of  the  Massachusetts  colony,  and  a  shire -town 

f  Essex  County,  is  favorably  situated  on  a  long  peninsiila  between  two 

i-tsof  the  sea.     It  has  28,000  inhabitants,  and  while  slowly  gaining  in 

Nth,  it  is  losing  its  place  among  the  cities  of  the  State  and  County,  by 

|«ir  more  rapid  increase.     The   aarine  aristocracy  of  the  old  East  India 

phants  and  captains  still  holds  lines  of  stately  old-time  mansions,  and 

tstillueso  and  grave  propriety  of  the  city  is  generally  noticed  by  the 

N'.    The  wharves  are  now  occupied  by  the  few  coasting-vessels  which 

p  taken  the  place  of  the  great  East  Tndiamen  which  formerly  entered 

Boston  has  taken  this  trade  away,  and  the  city  is  now  supported 

lately  developed  steam-mills  and  factories.     There  is  a  safe  and 

['"Odious  harbor  before  the  city,  which  is  defended  by  Forts  Pickering 

Lpp,  and  good  boating  is  found  there.     The  State  Normal  School  is 

Men  Broad  St.,  and  has  160  girls  in  attendance.     Instruction  of  a 


la'artl 
■lul«l 


WW\  I 


•  t  V-l 


f,iW"- 


'  'k 


I 

I 

■mm  li 


SALEM. 


churches  oC  *o  "^    Vh-^  "'«  *  "'f  Ts^    S  "««^'^  "^'  "" 

„,  then,  arc  of  "t""-     \„,  «»«.  ""  ''''f  ^''Ca  reWtoil  by  the  lr«*- 

•n,o  East-taa«  Mann  ^^__^  !''''':''r"' "  'n  l.v  Ge..rj-c  lvai<*. 
l,Hl,a  Marine  »-"">,;  f,',  grfenee,  «W.  •""*  ^  ^.t-l"'""  ^'»™"  "' 
»'  -he  l-'^-^-^.'-t  "contain  .heM"-;.- ;;  ,  :^J,,,,„„,,,,„  „.  .ta  l.« 

implements,  \'*^  ^  ^^diau  l>^-''/'^'\.,;u  of  wa^' "'''\''\:i  Soutli  A">^""' 
ami  ntavU  the  V  "fj'^™,..!  Salem  I'-'J  '  J'^  ^  AvchioloSJ- ;;  ■;,  ■„'^^„lkcli..J 

floor  has  a  r.cU_J      l'»»/"?ip{  „  \l.iel.  »  » '"^u'nt  "     '-"""Vl 

,  these  »l;U«':itMe.Vnal  S"''^'?  vWo    are  in  the  hall-     1 1.,^  -i 

Over  the  mam  sta.nvaj      i.unnmer  UaU.  »   ^,,,  Sorthe     »  ;^^<      ,1 
^.itcliera ft  'l»>.',-,„f  oUle^t  clmre'' '>'>;"-^„\ch  K„ger  ^^  Jl'f  J  ■,„,  ,,,l 

t^inSK>i»^--?'")ks^v"i;;"'^^ 

rnrB?*S'sd£us!spin,nug-«l-.., 


IS. 

the  CO»UU\; 


Vv^irV^^^^!;  County 


Ucc\,  t^^ 


Ali' 


SALEM. 


yi<.//<e  J7.     253 


on  tn*^  • '  ,^\,j,  ki 


■'S.'M 


The  Rofjer-  Willinma  House  is  at  .310  Essex  St.  (with  a  one-storj'  shop 
in  front).  It  was  built  in  1();]4,  and  Foine  of  the  alleged  witches  had 
their  ineliininnry  trials  liere.  Gallows  Hill  is  I  M.  W.  of  the  city, 
ami  coniniaiids  a  broad  view  over  the  harbor  and  surromulinj;;  country. 
Hire  11)  persons  were  put  to  death  during'  the  witchcraft  delusion.  In 
llnniumji-Oroi'e  Cemetcvij,  W.  of  Salem,  George  real)ody  is  buried; 
while  in  the  village  of  Peabody  (2  M.  distant;  horse-cars  from  Salem)  is 
sluiwn  the  house  where  he  was  born.  The  library  (;}().()()0  vols.)  and  col- 
liitiDiis  of  the  Peabudy  Institute  are  Avorthy  of  a  visit  (open  Wednesday 
ami  Saturday).  The  most  notable  object  is  the  *  portrait  of  Queen  Victoria, 
given  by  !ier  to  George  Peabody.  It  is  14  by  10  inches  in  size,  painted  on 
cold,  and  adorned  with  rich  jewels.  It  cost  S  30,01)0.  See  also  line  por- 
trait of  (iPfirge  Peabody. 

Di'ihu  Wharf,  on  the  S.  of  the  city,  was  formerly  the  focal  point  of  the 
E.  India  trade;  and  at  its  head  stands  the  old  Custom  House  where  Haw- 
thorne was  er'^nloyed  (his  birtln)lace  was  at  No.  21  Union  St.).  The  Court 
Ihmst  and  the  Citrj  /lull  are  granite  buildings  near  the  tunnel.  In  the  E. 
is  the  broad  Washington  S<|uare,  near  the  brownstone  East  Church  (Uni- 
tarian) and  St.  Peter's  Episc  ;pal  Church. 

The  Willows, 

reached  by  horse-cars  in  ',  hr.,  is  a  rocky  point,  viewing  the  North  Shore 
|amlBay,  and  provided  witli  pavilions,  gardens,  restaurants,  a  skating- 
Irink,  nuisic,  boats,  etc.,  fre(|ucntcd  by  the  Salem  people.  Steanibdats 
eiiie  to  Lowell  Island  and  lieveriy,  several  times  daily.  Juniper  Point 
\{Oct(in-Vic'W ;  Juniper;  Atlantic;  CV»t<rft/)  is  a  cottage-colony  on  Winter 
JMand.  Forts  Pickering  and  Lee  (now  in  ruins),  and  a  light-house  stand 
|or,ilie  lonely  S'llem  Neck,  Hawthorne's  favorite  liaur.t. 

^/UY.s- to  Swampscott,  4  M. :  Naliant,  fi;  Marbleliead  Neck,  4;  Marble- 
Ifiul,  ;jj ;  Beverly  Earnis,  4;   Peal'ody.  2;  Danvers,  Wenhaiu  Lake,  U; 
luatiiig  Bridge,  5;  Asbury  Grove,  8;  Cliebacco  Lakes,  8. 

In  ICCG  Roger  Conant  left  the  tlshing  colony  on  Cape  Ann,  and  Iniilt  the  flr^t 

|"iis';  on  the  Indian  domain  of  Nauinkeag.*     In  1()27  the  Plymouth  Company 

silted  to  eertain  *'  kniglits  and  gentlemen  of  Dondiester,  and  tlieir  lieirs,  assigns, 

pilassoiM.'itcs  forever,  all  tliat  i)art  of  New  England  \\iii(!li  lies  between  a  great 

wrcallfd  Mcrrimae,  and  a  eertiin  otlier  I'iver  c.dled  Cliarles."    Jolm  Endicott 

psent  liver  in  I62i,  and  founded  at  Xaumkeag  the  capital  of  this  district.    Tlic 

Ny  was  •' called  yaleni  froni  the  peu'c  wliit'li  tliey  lia(l  anil  hoped  in  it."    In 

fctlie  First  Church  was  tbrmed,  and  in  Itiiil  Pliilip  Rateliffo  was  scourged,  had 

ims cut  otr,  and  suffered  banislimeat  and  eonf1s(Mtion  of  his  jiroperty,  "for 

Nii'iny  against  the  church  of  Salem,  the  mother-ehurehof  all  this  Holy  Land." 

f  niilitant  disposition  of  the  colonists  was  sliown  liy  tlie  fact  that  during  the 

pfi'w  years  they  imi)orted  £  IS.OOi)  wortli  of  furniture,  buihling  materials,  &e., 

|k£'2i.',0()0  worth  of  arms  and  artillery  was  brought  in  during  the  same  time. 

"'J'-O  tliero  were  10  houses  here,  besides  tlie  governor's  house,  which   was  gar- 

Nwith  great  ordnance,  "and  thus  wee  doubt  not  that  God  will  be  with  us, 

■ftniil  he  with  us,  who  can  be  against  us."     In  midsummer,  KW),  vVov.  John 


Fiimkeaj  is  snid  «n  hp  nn  Inrlinn  word  tncaniiif;  "  Eel  Inu'l,"  but  Cotton    Mather  hrhn 
Tiineifiint  ')rk'nt.il)  holds  to  its  (U'rivatioii  fioiii  the   Hebrew  words,  Nuhuin  (eoinfort) 

Ficitihaveni. 


i      1 


it 


I  / 


^m-m 


!■ 


SALEM. 
054     Routes^.  V,  r  of  colonists.    th« 

of  iB'vac  J"  '"       'oJVc  lU-ct .was  nained  t?V{;i'thorsoevcr  yuuv  t.^t.a^l^a.  ^^^^^^      ,,^ 


^"[saac  J"^'"f  :"',:;!uic  11^3t  was  named  Y^L}r^^,;^,^,ev  y.'uv  ^^^aU  J-;^.f„,,i, 
and  the  H«S-«>^\V,  'n^^g  "•  »^"-^^''^"^*'  Tnf  U  e  Kioat  .nran,  •''•;'  ..V/'y^ There 
s,sled  ouacrnm  ."  "  ^^^  ,,„,„„«  waves  of  J  !,  ^  ^,,,t  j,    -c  /^^  !^^Vi  h     Suell.  th.t 

Mount  UJvamtiet).  ^^j,  ^.^j,,^  seize    2    ^>^^^  ^^^^  v>funu«  l»;y^™ucl  I'arvis. 

tl'«  J'"^T      l!-r  £e   l^.va  B^-'r-r^vod  ff  t  e    eulUy  "f  ^S'       Sa    u>  K"  tie 
Cl'ief  J"^   h"   S    seholars  l.e^.e^ea    "  tj^^  the  l-oim  at  "U    »  ;!rror,  .n- 


government  l^c-^an  .  ;— -,,ti.>n  ol'  l^'^;':";    *'b  u'Kstune.  A.UU^;   -  -     " ,^,„  j,,v 

tl'«  J'"^T      l!-r  laie   l^.va  B^-'r-r^vod  ff  t  e    eulUy  "f  ^S'       Sa  eu>  K"  tie 

Sliei  i^^^i^^^C^^  --•■  ""'^  ^^'^ 

Sety  of  iU  V""i^V    f  ev  all  was  over,  Paius  aew  ^^ 

k  SeS  >'C^S™.  «.e r»'  tsss;£-^s>^s;  ss 

iiiiilfiimiii 

*c!"''M'.rv  Swar,  and  Seeretary  of  fet'iU,  ^^^^^.  ^^  jj,,, 
Secrctaiy  "'/''j,'    _  Bradstvet 


its.    T^' 

1\\C  W»f9 

id  h\i':  i"- 

i>y.    'H'^te 
Vroiii  >'"''• 

.   UivH',  and 

H.ny  i>t  M^-^\i 
iuu\  "^  \^',1 

UmI  nu'.r.o.d 
lis  ervoi,''"'^ 


MARULEHEAD. 


Route  .17.     20.") 


1S40  he  lived  ft  t  Concord.  18J0-50  he  was  survcyDr  of  thn  jiort  <>f  Salem,  r.inl 
1S53-57  he  held  the  U.  H.  Consulile  at  Mverpool.'  He  died  at  I'lynioutli,  N.  H., 
May  !'■',  1804.  The  most  imporfaiit  ofhi.s  works  of  roiiiiiiice  and  misccll.inies  are, 
"Tlio  S(;arlet  Letter," — a  weird  and  i)owerl'id  ruinanceot'  (lie  eiriy  colonial  days 
of  Miss;i''hiisettH,  — and  "The  MarMo  Faun,"  whose  scene  i.j  laid  in  Home,  Peru- 
gin,  ;uid  the  A|>iienin('s. 

Four  liranch  railroads  run  out  from  Salem. 

A  I'.iH' crosses  the  towns  of  I'ealiody  and  I.ynnficld,  to  Wakefield  on  the  Boston 
ami  .Mane  II.  U.  4  trains  tlaily  pass  into  Boston  liy  tiiis  route,  and  over  the  rails 
of  till'  last-named  company. 

Tlio  Salem  and  Lowell  11.  R.  (pertaining  to  the  Boston  and  Lowell  II.  R.)  rung 
frna  the  station  near  Silcm  Coiut  House,  1o  Lowell  (Jl  M).  Fan-,  80  c. ;  :}  trains 
diily  I'U'ii  way.  This  line  cros-ses  I'eabxly  to  Iitswieli  River,  which  it  follows  for 
(i-7  M.,  ami  then  jiasses  throu^'h  the  towns  of  N.  Reading,  Wilmington,  and 
Tuwkshury,  to  Lowell. 

The  Lawnmeo  Branch  of  the  Fastcrn  R.  R.  nina  3  trains  daily  each  way  bc- 
t'.viiMi  Salem  and  Lawrence,  through  the  towns  of  Danver.^,  Middlcton,  and  N. 
\'.A  ivcr. 

.Viiotlicr  branch  ruus  to  Marblehead  (4  M.),  passing  the  Forest  River  Lead 
Vi'drks. 

Marblehead  i.s  built  on  a  peninsula 

of ''.,7(11)  acres,  very  rocky  and  uneven.  It  was  incorporated  in  ]G3ij,  and 
a  clironicler  of  that  time  calls  it  "  Marniaracria,  o[)pi<lum  niaritinium, 
B.axis  abundans."  WhiteiicM  gazed  in  astonis'.inieiit  upon  its  rocky  hills 
r.:i;l  said,  "  Pray,  where  do  they  bury  their  dead  ? "  The  town  has  about 
C.OOO  inhabitants,  and  is  situated  on  the  side  of  a  narrow,  deep  harbor. 
It  was  formerly  engaged  in  the  fi.sherics,  but  has  latterly  turned  its  atten- 
tion to  the  shoe-manufactory.  A  full  regiment  marched  from  this  town 
to  l!i3  Continental  Army  ;  the  crew  of  the  Constitution  frigate  was  mostly 
enlisted  here  ;  and  it  is  said  that  the  town  sent  more  men  (in  proportion 
to  its  population)  to  the  Secession  War  than  any  other  jilace  in  the 
Union.  There  are  many  quaint  old  colonial  houses  here,  especially  the 
lank  building,  which  was  raised  in  T7GSfor  an  ari.stocratic  mansion,  and  is 
but  little  altered.  One  of  the  churches  was  built  in  1714,  and  Ls  still 
iisi'vl  for  services. 

hi  .luiio,  IS]!?,  there  oecuiTed  a  desperate  naval  battle  off  this  coast,  between  the 
[Americiin  frigate  "Chesapeake  "  and  the  British  frigate  "Shannon."  The  vessels 
Iwri;  of  al):)ut  equal  size,  and  the  "Chesapeake"  had  sailed  from  Boston  (with  a 
I1'."'aPi1iiP  crew)  in  answer  to  a  challenge  from  the  "  Shannon."  The  latter  ves.sel 
|»Ms  spleadidly  nandled,  and  alter  a  few  close  broadsides,  she  ran  alongside  the 
rCliesapcike  "  and  carried  her  by  boarding,  after  a  diarj)  resistance  on  the  decks. 
IThe  .ViiiiTican  Capt.,  Lawrence,  was  mortally  wo  nded  and  carried  below,  his 
^W Words  being,  "Don't  give  up  the  ship."  The  FJnglish  Capt,  Broke,  was  so 
f'^i'.ly  wir,iiided\liat  he  retired  from  the  service,  after  carrying  the  "  Chesapeake" 
W"  Halifax  in  triumph,  and  being  kni'j;hte(l  for  his  gallant  achievement. 
_l'!bii(l;,'e  Gerry  was  born  at  JIarblehead  in  1744.  He  was  a  Congressman, 
"ti-Sj,  and  1789-9:$,  and  signed  the  Declaration  of  Indei>endence.  but  refused 
»si:.'n  tlie  U.  S.  Constitution  (17S7).     In  1812  he  was  elected  Vice-President  of 

h  ^'  ^r 

Ut  tliis  town  is  laid  the  scene  of  Whittier's  poem,  "Skipi)er  Ireson's  Ride." 
F''n'«ars  ago  Capt.  Ireson  rei'used  to  take  oif  some  of  his  townsmen  from  a 
pting  wreck,  because  of  the  expense  of  feeding  them  all  the  way  home.  On 
pieturu  the  citizens  tarred  and  feithnxd  liim,  and  rode  him,  in  one  of  his  own 
f*'s,  to  Salem  and  back,  he  reuiaiuiug  silent  and  imresisting.     Whence  tb*f  re- 


■    y 


'i. 


u 


■] 


-i: 


'1 ' 


Itoiitf  .T*. 


i;v:vi:ra.Y. 


^''^  **"•  .      s,k.n>  tl,o.  main  liue  V-^'   "'"'  ^  v1,i.U  .n»>  tV  l'^'""' 

After  lc...v".S  S.*m  t        ^  ^^^^^  >■"'>«'•-  "t^f'.^M,  i»  ...o,.v..l  t"' ' 

„„„U.»  of  tl;«  y"':  ^y.,„y  known  tor  "    ^.f  ,„,  „„Uon.    l.««>'"» 

tvi*  Fo-'f  ^;;^',i«r  n::;J:ita,.t.  anctt™  *«.. . 


,,„!„„  i,rome.iau.,  i„|,al,itants  am.  ..u.  y, 

1        'I'liu  town  lias  i,-"  ,„-r  (^  i«3r»,  was  an  ,',.,,. ,.fvfi"'^4 

^^,,han  cane,  w  ."      "    ,  JS  u,„„,l.  >  ;«'-k1,,„ 


'V5     ««  *'  'rilSS!     ;ilv'-.  «»  "'*' " "°         ■   Hied  ai.o«t  1^ 
Station.  »•«;.«-  «»f .    ;  ":,„j.K«-.  ll"gl' l^'^''^  'j'^U.a.  wj 

tlio  boriors  of  Its  '■"'"  „    The  town  was  ca  IM  ,,.„1,»! 

'-»  '="«"'^,!ra  Pl  alts.  an.l  T  -nM  *oo,^     .^- ^^  ^^,^„„,,J 


rniWKii. 


R»,iteJ7.     2')  7 


III  "'■- 
ini.\  V""  "^^" 
nswuUy 


[viiiiv  >i'" 


«^^^''''"-     ^     V,v\l 


llO  »« --  ,       1  ,,.1 


l\\es. 


ri.t.  1 


I  o.^^r.e.;  «, 


uiVnv 


,.  tt\ilV'' 


,n'.vrfl 


\V1V« 


"«■'?%.. 


Uv.  ■ 


ise 


Nv\io  vvc 


"'^'toS^ie.".""" 


I  delicious 
^a^vide  rev 


These  i^e  V 


(lust,  ;iiul  i)re«frvo  tho  iuo  tlirongh  the  hoals  of  huiuiikt.     Siilc-trui-ks  run 

to  tlic  ice-housus  by  which   it   is  canitsd  throughout  this  part  of  tlio 

i-ouiifry,  or  to  th«  NhipH  at  iJo.stou.     Huh'in  gets  its  water-supply  from 

tliis  lake  (the  large  ri'st-rvoir  is  seen  on  a  hill  to  the  S.  K. ),  and  tlie  w.iler 

must  ill'  good  aeeonling  to  one  writer's  <)  jiriuri  reasoning,    -  "  of  the  soft- 

ms:;  and  purity  of  the  waters  of  Essex  County  there  can  he   no  doubt, 

fur  its  ladies  arc  noted  for  their  bloom  and  beauty."    (lail  Hamilton  (Miss 

Mary  A.  Dodge)  resides  in  the  town  of  Ilandlton  (named  after  Alexander 

naiailton).  a  ipiiet  farming  village  about  1.^  .M.  N.  E.  of  this  station.     A 

sMi'-truek  leads  here  to  the  1.  to  a  large  and  favorite  Methotlist  eamp- 

V'rouiiil,  where  many  thousands  congregate  in  the  month  of  August.     It  is 

1  M.  fnini  tho  station,  and  its  groves  are  lilleil  with  small  cottages.     t)0 

acres  of  land  are  included  in  this  Asbury  Cam[>-ground.) 

A  liniH'ti  line  rnie  mi  Weiiliain  to  Fsser,  a  (|U,i  nt  old  innrine  village,  fnnuMiH 
fiirsliip-lMiililin!;,  ail  ar  occan-vicwiti^;  liills.  It  was  tlie  liirtli|ilart'  nf  Wiifiis 
Cliiutr,    I  liiilliaiit  Kir,  lawyiT,  ami   U.  H.  Senator.     The   iiictiiresiine  Clie- 

hacco  Ponds  art!  1    .1    frmii  H'txiilhurii's-Cromuit  utixWim,  aniniii;  forest -co  vered 
ii  iN,  mill  arc  a  t'ii\ oiltc  local  suiiuner-rusort ;  having  a  lur^u  hotel  and  boats. 

The  main  lino  now   crosses    Ipswich  River,  and  stops    at   Ipswioh 

[.\fi\min  Iliuise ;  restaurant  in  tlie  station).     John  Norton,  of   whom 

Cotton  blather  says  "  he  spoke  liki^'  Hortensins,  and  wrote  like  Abericus," 

ws  tlie  pastor  of  this   village  frotn   \iSM  to  1(552.     His  colleague  was 

N;itliaiiiel  Ward,  the  author  of  the  "bimjile  Cobbler  of  Agawam,"  who 

us  rector  of  Stondon  Marcy,  Essex  County,  Englanil,  until  silenced  by 

Aieliliishop  Laud  for  non-conformity.    Capt.  John  Smith,  in  1G14,  spoke 

of  "the  many  cornfields  and  delightful  groves  of  Agawam,"  Init  in  1G32 

iitket  of  100  junoes  lilled  with  fierce  Tarratines  from  the  Penobscot  laid 

aste  this  fair  Indian  village  and  destroyed  many  of  its  peojile.     So  tho 

oast  was  clear,  and  John  Winthrop  (afterwards  founder  of  New  London 

mil  first  Gov.  of  Connecticut)  bought  the  town  of  the  Sagamore  Mascono- 

«t  for  .3]  00,  atiil  settled  here  in  1G33. 

"The  people  are  noted  for  their  hospitality  ;  hi  summer  the  sea-v.'inl 

Iwscool  over  its  healthy  hills;  and  take  it  for  all  in  all,  there  is  not  a 

tter  preserved  specimen  of  a  Turitan  town  in  the  ancient  Commou- 

illli."    The  chief  village  is  situated  on  the  r.  of  the  track,  on  both  sides 

t!iL'  Ijiswieh  River,  Avhich  is  crossed  by  two  stone  bridges,  one  of  which 

es  ficiii  17(54.     It  has  a  fine  puldicdibrary,  a  soldiers'  monument  (to 

ilwil),  a  harbor  abounding  in  clams,  and  nearly  4,000  acres  of  hay-pro- 

'iig  salt-marsh.     There   are   about  o,700   inhabitants  in  the  town, 

'•■'li  has  hosiery-factories  and  (>  neat  churches.     This  is  the   seat  of 

ii^^li  Feiuale  Seminary,  an  old  and  famous  school  "  where   Audover 

logical  students  are  wont  to  take  unto  themselves  wives  of  tho 

:!iters  of  the  Puritans." 

few  miles  to  the  E.,  down  the  river,  is  the  North  Ridge  on  Great 


«l 


Ii 


Route  SI. 


NEWBURYPOllT. 


V^: 


258     fi""'"^'-  „i„,  , round  tor  fishiig. 

,      •  h  Bluff  a  tov««'  »"™"''  <=»»'1'"'«  «"™ 
N»ck,  and  lps«.ch  BluS,  a  ,    „  ^  ,  .  tow  largd, 

''tSon,  iio*.  (the  chief  village  is  over  am  leS^ 

,f  salt  marsh.    It  was  settled  in  1W3    j  ^^    ^„j  ,,„ 

rn  d  K«".  -I'O  had  been  reetor  o    ^^'^^.^^  ^1,1,  leaving  hU 

-ry  t    Har"vard  College,  ""-^'^^t    ^  iL  eUd  by  ,.,» 

r  "doth  made  in  America  «as  turned  o  ^^^^^^^^  ^_^ 

Siiai*.    -tl-  'terrSr  Hillson  the  r„  crosses  the  Ne^tuiy 
*;'fS~-dS:ne,,  and  stops  at 

*°'  Newbutypott.  /for«-«Bt. 

«„teU.-Wo,r.Ta™,..S..e-..«-S^^^^^^^^ 
,  irthc  Memrnac  River,  and  .vit  an  3  Mo    th        .^^^^^.^^^^^^^  ,,, 

the  coast,  and  s"^'™'''''"   ,f„  the  new  rt!r««.    ^he  dec^™      y,,, , 

^-'^  iTwn  hf^  d  "iVopulation  hetw-^t -^.J  ^i,,.* 
cityi3sl^ownl>>  its       ^j      t.^ets are  generally broaa,^^^ 

tin    clS  tor  under  the  p.*- oj^^^'"*  ^  ,„^  the  river  a.  - 

puUie-spinted  citizen     The  st  e  ^,„j,„geous  »«"»=  '™     ',„. 

Ld  terminate  at  H'Sh  ^t .  a  h-    ^.^^^^^  ^.^^  „,„3i  „,  "' t,*'.*.J 

along  the  crest  <"  '  -J  f^^^ °^.  federal  St.l  wasthchomeof  L»         ^  J 

One  ot  these  (near  'he  heaa  o  ^^^  ^^^^,  of  Olive  I 

tVeemineiit,i"rist  and  diplomatist  ^^^^^^^  „,    e  .  J 

*L,sion  foimcrly  oc-*->  >>yj';;\i,g„ur  ventures  (sen  ..';^ 
merchant  who  made  a  laigeti^^,  J  ^^^  ^^^_^^  .^l^^^jf  i,  .-^ 
<,,  wanniug-paiis  to  th.J  .^  _^     _^^^  ""^rl'lL  E  s  x  cJ 

nature).    On  High  St.,  near  '     ,,„^d„,  „„  which  the  b  j 

rounded  by  a  ma    ™*'";^:^  J  opposite  is  the  Pu^"'  ^    ,  ,„  J 


NEWBURYPORT. 


Jimte  37.     259 


)r  fishing- 

vn  largely 
;\ivirch,  led 
e,  and  waa 
leaving  1^3 
,urcli.    ThB 
ad  by  tliese 
ioor,  crosses 
tie  IscNvtury- 


//brsc-^-a'-s  to 
tnd  Ho(e  ,  K;e 

\s7c'.«m.:«  to 
^rs  to  Salb.uiy 

on  a  el.c\ivity 

^vl.icll  is  s.en 

habitants,  and  a 

jjs  4  iKUiks,  an^ 

.a;  is -Hied  0^ 

.-front,  Nvl^iC'^;' 

Bail- 


he  Eastern 

^Y  Boston,  >>;^^ . 

er  small  cities  ot 

olc  nrariue  an^- 

decadence  oHhe 

l)andlSTO,v.-l^|^- 

.art  of  ll^e  V^  "; 

tbe  river  are  ^^f- 

of  the  oldeu  t  tu 


..xter,  an   eu 

culatioi'^  01  ' 
six  acres,  au^^' 
lie  Essex  Co^-;' 

^  '^'%vee  Sci^ool. 


Paul's  Episcopal  Church  and  the  graceful  Gothic  Chapel  of  St.  Atine  are 
but  a  short  distance  beyond  (on  High,  near  Market  St.),  The  City  Hall 
is  a  large,  plain  building  fronting  on  Brown  Scjuare,  near  which  are  the 
North  Church,  the  1st.  Baptist,  and  the  Unitarian  (the  latter  having  a 
tall  and  graceful  spire). 

Tlie  Public  Library  was  founded  by  Josiah  Little  and  well  endowed  by 
George  Peabody.  It  occupies  the  old  Tracy  mansion  (on  State  St.)  where 
Washington,  Lafayette,  and  other  noble  guests  have  been  received  in  the 
palmy  days  of  the  place.  The  two  upper  stories  are  now  formed  into  a 
hrdl,  containing  about  15,000  books,  while  on  the  lower  story  is  a  large 
publie  reading-room  (magazines  and  newspapers).  The  Marine  Museum 
(open daily;  on  State  St.)  contains  a  collection  of  curiosities  brought  in  by 
the  ships  of  Newburyport.  Besides  the  usual  mementoes  of  distant  lands 
and  peoples,  there  are  shown  some  very  elaborate  and  handsome  models 
of  ships. 

Oab  Hill  Ceinetery  is  a  beautiful  niral  burying-ground  on  State  St., 
beyond  High.  It  is  entered  through  a  noble  granite  gateway,  bearing  the 
inscription,  "  Until  the  daybreak,  and  the  shadows  flee  away."  State 
St.  runs  out  into  the  country,  and  is  prolonged  (under  the  name  of  the 
Newburyport  Turnpike)  through  Salem  and  Lynn  to  Boston.  It  was 
formerly  the  road  traversed  by  the  great  northern  and  eastern  stage-lines. 
The  Old  South  (Presbyterian)  Church  is  on  Federal  St.,  and  has  long 
since  entered  upon  its  second  century.  '  In  a  vault  under  the  pulpit  of 
tills  church  are  the  mortal  remains  of  George  Whitefield,  the  founder  of 
tlie  Calvinistic  Methodists,  who  died  in  Newburyport  in  1770.  This 
cliurch  also  has  a  fine  whispering-gallery,  only  equalled  by  the  one  at  St. 

Paul's,  London  (the  sexton  lives  in  the  small  house  next  to  the  churchV 

Tlie  two-story  wooden  house  back  of  the  Old  South  was  the  birthplace 
[of  William  Lloyd  Garrison. 

The  river  and  harbor  and  nei;j;hboring  sea  afford  fine  opportunities  for  sailing 

lanl  tisliiiig,  in  the  summer,  which  are  utilized  by  a  lar;,'e  fleet  of  jileasure-boats. 

|A  fivorito  drive  is  to  the  Chain  Brid'je  (about  3  M.  up  river),  a  place  of  rare 

patiiMl  liLMuty,  with  the  large  stone  mansion,   "  Hawlcswood,"  on  one  bank,  and 

pntlie  other  the  (jastellated  and  far-viewing  house  occupied  for  several  seasons  by 

|ir  Edward  Tliornfon,  tho  British  Ambassador.     Hawkwwood  wag  built  by  the  ReV. 

V  t'  HtJtclier,  author  of  works  on  Brazil,  with  his  daugiiter,  Julia  Fletcher,  tho 

pwlijt.     On  Deer  Island,  at  the  end  of  the  Chain   Bridge,   dwells  Harriet 

pscott  Spofford.     The  Laurels  and   the  Artieholce  Jlirer,  made  famous  by 

I'jiittier's  poems  and  John  Appleton  Brown's  iiainting-;,  are  above  Chain  Bridge 

I  The  D"r;is  Dkn  is  an  old  excavation  in  the  limestone  ledges,  about  2  M.  S.  of 

B«  lity  (by  State  St.).     Asbestos,  amiantlius,  and  serpentine  are  found  there. 

N'/i'.')'  Academv  is  abo\it  3  M.  bcyi^nd  this  point,  and  is  an  ancient  and  famou* 

»«il,  wliieh  was  founded  and  endowed  by  (iov.   D;immer  in  17-50.     Near  the 

Meniy  is  Dunmier  Avenue,  with  the  finest  lines  of  elm-trees  in  Kssex  County. 

|S-4M.  from  the  city  is  the  ancient  and  picturesque  Indian  Hill  mansion  of 

fOPeriey  Poore,  the  author  and  .iournalist.     Thi.s  broad  and  rambling  old  hou.se 

W  he  called  the  Abbotsford  of  New  England,  so  many  are  the  historic  curiosi- 

p  which  have  been  gathered  here.      The  old  Garrison  House  is  near  Oldtown 

^n,  and  is  a  well-preserved  specimen  of  the  massive  defensive  architecture  of 

t  early  colonial  days.     It  was  built  durhig  the  17th  century,  and  has  aulfered 

P  little  change. 


>• , 


<t    V'^ 


'■       f 


OOO     ^<^^^  ^'  "  to  Pine-stave  HiU  {M 

tion  and  tl>c    "^  ^ffntastic  ^'in^^'^'f  ^,:  „  u  aiul  waves,  "  ^j  ^,' '   .„,d  htis  a  lu>t.l 


^nry  i«  traversed    aft^        .^^  ^«-^l'^""^\ 'Lusef are  to  he  seen  lun. 
1638,  and  named  (m  lb  J^      ^^        ,,,eieut  houses  a  ^^ .  ^  .^^  ^^^^ 

among  others  ^^^l,  tlie  audlei^e-rc>oiu  of  th    ^^_    ^  ^ 
„,other  of  Daniel  W  hstcr         _^^^.^^  v>omidary  eouuul  ^.^ ,  ,^ 

sionerB  of  1699. '^^^'^  ;;„,,rsheB  to  t^^  TT,uu)ton  Rivov.    Th. 

sand  iB  hard,  bmooi  ,  ^^^^.^^.  ^,^^^.,„,, 

dvivcB,  and  for  ha^u  ^.  .^  ,,,  a  Ime  of  J^;^  ^^  ^^,  ,,,  ^^ 

above  the  ^^^f'^^ni  he  shore.  Many  teut.  a  e  pi             ^^^^  ^^ 

for  over  a  mile  along  th^-  ^,^^^^      The  lent                  ^^  ^,^^ 

during  the  -^--^'^^  /of  life  and  ^^^^  ^^^''X^''^.-'^-..^  is  M 
^ell  describes  ^^^^^  ^^^7^,  i.^a).    li    ^^-  ^-  "^    'JnJs  of  an  aW.o.ei 
beaeh  (where  its  «cene  wa   i     ^       ^^^^  ^.ietnresque    uns  ^  J 

luth  of  the  Merrunac  ^^^^  ,,,Ue  the  -^  f^^,^  ,,,  ^n  tk  J 
fort  (built  to  comma^^f  ^^^^^^^^..^  and  Ca^^^-^  ,  ,,,  ^,..,4 
in  full  Bight  up  tl^^;^;;^;,^  Head,  the  Isles  of  Shoah,  ^^^^^  ^^^,^,^^,„^| 

from  the  beach,  a^^^^«^^  ^^^.^wing  a  customwh  h      n  V 

--^^^'^"tir^^ttvroundUig  to--  ^"SmS^Iermove  than^^,^ 
old,  the  people  ot  tne  ^i^.^.selves.     ^^»'"^  ^;„.fc  iioc/:^.    I 

few  tov 
wbieli 
th'  " 


eopie  <*o=^'"  TK^ir,  i,Y  a  colony,  """'*,.    4.  Hector.      ^'Vv^wimi 

the  flusU  of  a  ''^^"  Vmnid  to  be  so  ^l\"';'^«  >,nrate  or^'anization  i>        j.^rtlul'l 


ill  (vvl>if^ 

its  cmUw*- 


,\..M 


!nvu  of  ^a\is- 
as 

be 


-17?^7- 


seen  l^*'^*^; 


idapte 


,   OU  t\ve  BcAcK 


evi'vy 
lira" 


NEWBURYPORT. 


Ruute  ;^ 


t>V. 


2G1 


AS  of  a^^ 

„  ill 'in  -'i" 


lector. 


■v^eWW 


iaret»'.-.,„t,u"V»' 


.  ivt  tl>t' 


wealth,  tiiste,  and  elegance  is  spread  over  tliis  beautiful  spot,  with  a  eheerfulncss 
iiiid  brilliuui-y  to  which  1  know  no  rival."  Washington,  Lafayette,  Talleyranci, 
Lo.iis  Philippe  of  France,  and  other  famous  men  were  entertiiined  hce  iiy  tlie 
aristocratic,  families.  An  extensive  foreign  commerce  was  firmly  cstal)lishe(l,  and 
ill  ISO"  the  tonnage  of  the  port  was  over  oO.OoO.  The  Embargo  fell  with  crushing 
foive  Ilium  this  maritime  industry,  and  the  (ircat  Fire  of  ISll,  which  swept  away 
IG  acres  from  the  most  densely  built  quarter,  checked  the  iirosjierity  of  the  town, 
and  reduced  its  iiupulatio'i  to  6,:588.  its  valuation  in  I8I0  wasabout  the  same  as 
ill  1870.  The  town  grew  slowly,  and  its  Merrimac-bailt  ships  were  famous  through- 
nut  tiic  world  for  fleetness,  strength,  and  symmetiy,  and  were  made  in  large,  num- 
bers until  the  de(dine  of  American  commerce.  The  cotton-manufacture  was  com- 
lueiiccd  here  in  183(5,  and  is  now  the  leading  business  of  the  place,  although  con- 
siilcnhUi  atto:iiion  is  paid  to  the  coasting  trade,  and  there  is  a  large  lishing  fleet 
lieloii|,'inj.''  CO  the  port.  The  carriage  bridge  across  the  Merrimai;  was  built  iu 
1-J7,  aii'i  the  Chain  Bridge,  above  the  city,  was  the  first  suspension  bridge  iu 
.America,  and  the  second  in  the  world.  The  great  turnpike  running  to  Alalden 
bridge  anil  Boston  was  finished  in  180(5,  at  an  expense  of  -S  420,000. 

AuKnig  the  natives  of  Newburyport  were,  the  lawyers,  Charles  Jackson,  Simon 
Greeiileaf,  John  Lowell,  Joseph  Blunt,  and  Theoi)hilus  Parsons  ;  the  physicians, 
James  Jackson  and  \V.  Ingalls  ;  the  inventors,  Jacob  Perkins  and  Edmund  Blunt ; 
the  iioets,  Lucy  Hooper  and  H.  C.  Knight ;  the  authors,  George  Wood,  George 
Liint,  8.  L.  Knapp,  and  Hannah  F.  Lee  ;  the  divines,  J.  Greenleaf,  Bishop  Clarke, 
(Imliier  8]iring,  G.  R.  Noyes,  and  Stephen  IL  Tyng  ;  the  generals,  Michael  Jack- 
.^'iii(Uevoliitiouary  War,  commander  of  the  8th  Mass.),  and  N.  T.  Jackson  (Secession 
\Vai);  and  the  senators,  William  Plumer  and  Tristram  Dalton.  Among  those  long 
resident  here  were  Hannah  F.  (Jould,  the  poetess  ;  J.  B.  Gough,  the  teniiier.Tnce 
orator ;  Caleb  Gushing,  Riifus  Kiii;r,  J.  Q.  Adams,  nnd  Harriet  Prescott  Spoflord. 
William  Lloyd  Garrison,  "the  leader  of  the  eraanrijia  ionist  movement  in  the 
l.  S."  was  liern  at  Newburyjiort  in  1804.  He  began  to  advocate  the  immediate 
aliolition  (if  slavery  about  1830,  and  led  the  movement  in  that  direction  until  it 
wsaccoiiiidished,  bravely  enduring  many  iiersecutions. 
Newbiu\i)()rt  sent  1,(500  soldiers  against  the  Rebellion  of  1861-5. 
(ien.  .loiin  Parker  Bo.yd,  rhe  East-Indian  soldier  of  fortune  ;  I'mt.  C.  C.  Felton, 
cf Harvard;  uiid  .lonatlian  Parsons,  the  theologian,  were  natives  of  Newburyport. 
JHtiwarc  biiug  built  at  the  mouth  of  the  river,  at  a  cost  of  i}p400,<)(X).  The  finst 
tuv,a.s  destroyed  here  ;  the  tir.^t  Continental-urmy  volunteer  company  formed  here  ; 
i>nJ  the  first  .\merieiiu  privateer  sailed  hence  to  sea.  Near  by,  iu  Bytield,  stands 
lllielmue  built  iu  167(5  by  W'ni.  Longfellow,  and  long  occupied  by  the  ancestors 
f  fiurt;reat(st  p.iet.  Head  Mrs.  Spofford's  "Newburyport  and  its  Neighborhood  " 
H'irptr's  M(t!ja::ine,  July,  1870). 

Aiinlile  bidi'ize  statue  of  George  Washington  was  presented  to  Newburj'port  by 
'teof  its  absent  sons,  in  1879,  and  now  adorns  the  oiicn  space  on  High  St.,  near 
'leMalL    It  is  the  masterpiece  of  J.  Q.  A.  Ward,  the  eminent  sculptor. 

After  leaving  Newburyport,  the  Portland  train  crosses  the  Merrimac 

vtvatahiglt  level,  on  a  costly  and  massive  new  bridge,  1500  ft.  long. 

lie  views  are  afforded  (to  the  r.)  of  the  city  and  river,  with  tlie  ocean  in 

16  ilLstauce.     Stations,  E.  Saliabur)/  aiul  Seahrook,  a  thijdy  settled  town, 

lose  territory  is  mostly  covered  with  forests  and  salt  marsh,  and  whose 

e  is  derived  from  the  numerous  broolcs  wluch  flow  through  it  to  the 

Many  of  the  people  are  engaged  in  making  whale-boats,  and  the 

'Wtants  of  the  seaward  part  of  the  town  (S.  Seabrook)  long  bore  an 

iviaUe  reputation.     Their  physiognomy,  dialect,  and  clothing  were 

i"ai'keil  ami  unique  that  they  were  always  recognized  in  the  neighboring 

wid  designated  as  "Algerines."    A  religious  and  educational  mission 

^''tiiWislied  here  about  1866,  and  is  now  self-supporting  and  prolific 

letits.    Sealn'ook  was  settled  in  1638,  and  was  often  harried  during 

i^D'Han  wars. 

''i'wu,  Hampton  Falls,  S.  E.  of  the  village  of  the  same  name,  which 


i! 


,1! 


\  i  i 


:>tJi'''Ji 


I     '::Ht 


VA 


!       i 


!-    - 

1   r 

i 
\ 

■  M 


■   Ills  '     1  8         I    jl 


HAMPTON  BEACH. 


262     itottfe  57.  ^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^^^^  ^^  ^^^^^^  ^,,,e,  the  fint 

has  ^  J'^'f  J^"  H^^TlTTS  -  85).  Louisburg  expedition. 

President  ot  in.  J^^-  v  regiment  in  tne       .,  ^nd  dant-ers. 

S.tlv«titiesea.  .  ...„  .,  ..ifmeadow,  on  the  E.  of 


Tmage  which  «s  settled  »  1038        ^^^.^^ 

„dr.«araMock.hoh»e   .^t-1  J,;^  ._^  j,„g„„a,  and  «v    '  1  ^1 

The  first  ^"^"''^"'"'"h,  Indians.     The  tow"  ^  ';";  ^ J„i,i  „. 
to  pitilw  attacks  *'°™  jV,tj.,  aVjounding  »  8";^!"ii,„e  ,«* 

sions,  and  traversed  b)  wo  „,,„,.cl,es  in  ««  °'''      g  „  ,„  J 

rrVBS  Head  Hotc^.  3;^|r  WX  „,e  O,^^^ 
Hotel-,  Eagle  H"-'  ;'"*^*tUe  hotels,  th^^^^  „,  J 

guests-.  Conch  House.)    B«  ^^,3  ,,  ",  ltd  theta^'J 

Ittages  on  =">4.  T*;,^,';l  a  stony  strand  ""/"^^'^  „  „„  .n!| 

■*'°^'''i:frH  tir  onthe  s.  is  *;^;8 -f;^^^^^ 

yiews  on  the  N.  ^-  ^    ^^^  and  stretcn   "^  .  ^^  ^^jviM 

leaches  «hich  "»*  f^.^^  ^-"  '»  *"  "^  "''"tt  N  E-    *  M 
Ann,  «Ule  Mt.  A-8™™";"  ,„.i,  „e  off  shore  on  the  ^■'^  ^ 

tA»te.s,  and  «-  J  -"'J-ed  on  tire  little  B'-V^  ^iV-.")! 
Head  Hotel  is  tavorab  y  *  ,^  p„ein,     H^"!  ,„  „»»!< 

Ind has  a  ftne  sea-vlc^^^    (See  ^  ^^^^^^ '''"*  "^  "ilvs.    »  « 

Fromthevicimty  0  Bo  isl     ^^^^^  .^  *VtrMrt=*"H 

«'"'  ^nrhXr       coasters,  tUonSl^H^Xl  t'^'^'  tl 
foms  a  safe  harbor  f„„.„ns,  and  "'^  abundance  »l«>'i 

and  slioals.    Its  '7 ',  Hampton  was  due  to  the  ao  ^^  „„,l 

,,hUethe  »ettlen.n^o  H^^^^^^  ^^^.  t,    s^         e^  ^^^_^ 

"\:r  othe  M«ri.Ic,    At  >-«  »^Xwt;  om.ev.n»»''  I 
extends  to  in  i,^g,  (,„     jne 

„B shore,  of  -"^''^^^.^.^^^r.^^^^,^^^ 


the  first 


.uY.tnu 


V'liUs, 


of  t\ie  I'^'c'^- 


xvevu, 


lie  \i;^'i 


ov  and  Le?. 


(■\\;iTltt'. 


seUiUo 


{■mU> 


on 


t\ie  B.  o! 
ton.  an  ande.; 

,ve  long  '^n'os^i 
°      I  S  M.  to  *^I 


House 


W 


OceaT^ 

\jestwi« 


|i\iai^y  ^ 
d  bluff  < 
fords  Uie 


BYE  BEACH. 


^ow^e  J7.     263 


Ld  vague 

.v^buTypoj\;^,J 


.  uye  ^^' 


line  of  ti>l 

0 


iUiUsvi' 


'Hie  B^' 
BeacW) 


"  For  there  the  river  comes  winding  down 
Ficim  suit  8ca-ineadow8  and  iipliinda  brown. 
And  waves  on  the  outer  rocks  at'oam 
Shout  to  its  waters,  *  Welcome  Home.' 

"  Once,  in  the  old  Coloninl  dnys, 

Two  hundred  yonrs  iij:n  iiiul  more, 
A  bout  sniled  down  tlic  winding  ways 
Ot  UuHipton  Kiver  to  thtit  low  sliore." 

North  Beach  lies  to  tlie  N.  of  Boar's  Head,  and  was  for-iierly  lined 
\\ith  fish-honses  from  which  the  hardy  fishermen  put  out  to  sea  in  small 
boats.  A  road  runs  N.  near  this  stony  strar...,  to  Little  Boar's  Head  and 
Rye  Beach.  The  beach  at  Hampton  is  composed,  for  the  most  part,  of 
a  gradual  slope  seaward  of  hard  sand,  affording  fine  facilities  for  surf- 
Uitliiiig  and  also  for  driving  (at  low  tide).  The  favorite  drives  from 
llaiiipton,  inland,  are  to  Exeter,  to  the  rich  fruit-growing  town  of  Green- 
laiiil,  to  tlie  ancient  village  of  Hampton  Falls,  and  to  Stratham  Hill. 

Tlie  next  railroad  station  is  N.  Hampton,  in  a  sparsely  populated  firm- 
ing town.    Stages  run  througlioiit  the  summer  to  Bye  Beach,  4  M.  E. 

IIi)tels.  -  "  Farnjsut  Ilotiso,  .'5  4  a  day,  $  17.50  -  21  a  week  ;  Sesi-Viow,  S  15  - 25 ; 
[Rising- :^un,  SS-lj;  Oioau-'A'avt!  /hxinliiKi-ltniises  of  J.  II.  rerl<ins,  I.  Manlt^n, 
[11. Sawyer,  ('.  A.  .lenncss,  L.  T.  Sunhorn,  O.  U.  .lenn^ss,  A.  B  icheldi'r,  C.  H.  Toffln, 
hnl  iinny  of.uTi?,  at  8  7  -  .3  a  week.  E/mrnpal  Churc/i  of  iSf  Andivw's-by-t.he- 
IJti  Tliere  is  an  ndmirablw  drive  along  the  sjore  to  Straw'8  Point,  couimanding  a 
liuccession  of  iuterustiug  ocean  views. 

Rye  is  flie  most  fashionahle  of  the  N.  H.  beaches,  and  presents  an 

jreoable  alternation  of  sharp  and  storm-worn  ledges  with  strips  of  sand 

|!l^^llidl  batliiiig  is  safe  and  pleasant.     On  the  S.  is  Little  Boar's  Head, 

«i!)cateii  hluff  on  wliich  several  fine  cottages  have  been  built,  together 

■h  a  large  private  boarding-house.     A  long,  sandy  beach  stretches  N.  E. 

ini  .Ii,iine.';s  Beach  to  Straw's  Point,  which  was  bought  a  few  years  since 

}  'iiiv.  Strnw,  and  is  now  occupied  by  the  fine  seaside  cottages  of  several 

H.Sentlcnion.     An  extensive  marine  view  is  obtained  from  this  point, 

ni  I5nnn-Isl;uul  IJght  on  the  X.  E.  to  Cape  Ann  on  tbe  S.,  embracing 

fly  40  M.  of  coast.     One  of  the  Atlantic  telegraph-cables  ends  here. 

pke  is  of  the.  opinion  that  "  the  shore  full  of  wliite  sand,  but  very  stony  and 

>y,"  near  wliich  Cai)t.  Gosnold  anchored  (in  1602),  wtus  Rye  Beach.     The  town 

Rye  was  settled  in  IGIiu,  and  was  named  from  tlie  E:iglish  liomc  of  some  of  tho 

-I'.tiits.    Ill  KWO  a  flotilhi  of  Indians  attacked  tlie  pcoide  at  Sandy  Beach  and 

1  nr  caiitiued  21  of  them.     In  the  same  year  the  colonists  retaliated  by  at- 

|i"r'an  Iinlian  band  while  at  breakfast.     The  liiU  where  this  action  took  placu 

m  r.  of  (jioenland  station)  has  aver  since  been  calldl  Breakfa.st  Hill.     The 

Itown  lost  :i8  men  in  the  Revolutionary  War.     Large  sea-walls  of  jiebbles  aro 

Joeartlie  Rye  beaches,  which  were  thrown  up  by  the  waves  in  the  great  storm 

Vl'jstroyed  Minot's  Ledge  Lightiiouse. 

jyond  N.  Hampton  is  Greenland  station  ( Washington  House'' ;  and 
1  summer  boarding-houses,  in  a  small  fruit-growing  town.  Tue  next 
lis 

Portsmouth. 

^Is-  •R-rkingham  Ilou'e.  first  ola.«s,  300  guests,  $20-25  a  week  ;  Kear. 
poise ;  Webster  lloute,  !g  7  - 10  a  week. 


i 


,;a  York.    Steam«r-  ^^.^^-^^;^,„o^au  anu 


took  Foi-tWi"^'^" 

toslns  sw""''-    "  .,  ,  „f  Hew  Hampslure  torn  i  i„ta>„»^' 

.<  Thcve  avo  move . pan «.  jj^g,^„i.      Tl  c  »  , 

fTa  oa'etneat  *-*-;7^  „*  "U  arciut«nuo.    *    ;,, 

^;v^^  been  «*W'*'''^  "I  goocte,  &-=•    T''"  ^^if^      and  *«  ""I 

Tins  IS  a  1.   «e^.        '^^,^       evincial  co.nc 
which  contaii.s 


THE   ISLES   OF   SHOALS. 


Route,  37.     265 


.anas,  vj\  .  1-^ 

'mav  •'^""^"■^''. 

a  ^''-^':.     But  ('■■''■ 
its  ^-'V     Ion"  toi 


relics  of  the  past,  .among  -wliich  some  portraits  by  Copley  will  be  noticed. 
George  Washington  paiil  a  visit  to  this  mansion  while  the  Wentworths 
were  still  there  (it  passed  out  of  their  hands  in  1817).  Portsmouth  Har- 
lior  is  one  of  tlie  best  in  New  England,  always  free  from  ice,  70- SO  ft. 
ik'tp,  mid  the  river  is  '^  M.  wide  oi)i)osite  the  city. 

Portsmouth  has  given  to  American  literature,  T.  B.  Aldrich,  J  T.  Fields,  B.  V. 
SliillibiT,  nml  Eliza  B.  Leo;  to  the  church,  Dr.  Nichols  and  Bi.shop  l'arl<er ;  to 
\'y^  li:ir,  .Indo'ea  Livermore  and  ].,ani,'don,  and  the  Atkinsons  ;  to  the  State,  Gov. 
■'■iniii,!,' Wontworth,  Sir  John  Wentworth,  and  Senator  .Jolin  Lanydon  ;  and  to 
r.;c  iwi  -y,  Commodores  Parrott  and  Louy,  and  Commander  Craven. 

Opposite  Portsmouth  (steam-ferry  frequently  from  the  foot  of  Daniel 
• :,)  is  the  U.  S.  Navy  Yard,  on  Continental  Island,  in  the  town  of  Kittery 
(.Maine).  It  has  extensive  ship-houses,  machine-shops,  rigging-lofts, 
wharves,  and  barracks;  also  a  dry-dock  which  cost  §800,000. 

This  city  has  ever  been  famed  for  its  naval  architecture.  In  1600,  the  "  Falk- 
land," 54  lians,  was  built  here  ;  in  KJOO.  the  "  Bedford,"  ;52  ;  in  1740,  the  "  Amer- 
iia,"40;  in  1770,  the  "Raleigh,"  32;  in  1777,  the  "  Raut,'er,"  18  ;  in  1784,  the 
".\nipriia,"  a  superb  line-of-hattle  ship,  presented  to  France.  The  Pepperell 
H'ikl  is  II  pleasant  smnmer-resoit  at  Kittery,  with  fine  sea-views,  boating,  bath- 
in:;,  tisliiii;,',  and  riding.     The  Ocean-View  Hotel  is  near  by. 

Kittery  Point  village,  near  the  Navy  Yard  and  Fort  McClary,  has  the  ancient 
Pcppeiuil,  Sparhawk,  and  Cutts  mansions,  fine  old  colonial  houses,  filled  with  the 
leiunants  of  their  quaint  furniture.     Pepperell's  tomb  is  near  the  first-named. 

Sir  William  Pepperell  was  born  at  Kittery  Point  in  160G.  He  rose  rapidly  in 
theonliinial  military  service  until  1745,  when  he  commanded  the  expedition  which 
took  Louisburg,  for  which  he  was  knijihted.  He  occupied  imi)ortant  positions  in 
New  Eiii,'land,  was  made  a  lieut.-geu.  in  the  British  army,  and  Gov.  of  Mass.,  and 
tiled  in  IToO.  His  gi-andson,  Sir  W.  P.  Sparhawk,  assumed  the  Pepperell  name 
and  inlierite<l  the  vast  estates,  which  were  sequestrated  in  1778,  on  account  of 
his  adherence  to  the  British  government  in  opposition  to  America. 

The  *  Isles  of  Shoals  are  10  M.  from  Portsmouth,  and  consist  of  8 
rocky  islets  (9  M.  from  the  shore),  the  largest  of  which  contains  350 
acns.    There  is  but  little  vegetation  on  these  rugged  ledges,  which  lift 
them.selves  out  cf  deep  water,  and  are  surrounded  by  the  purest  and 
I  tool  est  sea-air. 
Tlie  steamer  leaves  Portsmouth  in  the  morning,  and  alTords  a  fine  retro- 
spect of  the  city.     The  public  works  and  national  vessels  at  the  Navy 
l^anlare  soon  passed,  and  then  the  island-town  of  Newcastle  (on  the  r.). 
'lis  towi  was  settled  before  1630,  and  incorporated  in  1693,     It  was  tho 
I'teof  old  Fort  William  and  Mary,  and  now  has  the  powerful  Fort  Con- 
te'itinu  and  the  Portsmouth  Light.     On  the  1.  Fort  McClary  iS  seen,  on 
utti'ry  Point,  and  the  Whale's  Back  Lighthouse  is  passed,  with  Frost's 
"lOdiorne's  Points  on  the  r.    As  the  steamer  gains  the  open  sea,  the  coast 
Elaine  is  seen  on  the  N.  W.,  trending  away  beyond  Mt.  Agamenticu?. 
pie  Isle?  arc  now  rapidly  approached.    The  *  Applerfore  House  is  a  great 
pf^loii  .\pplodorc  Island,  accommodating  500  guests,  at  S  3.50  a  day  (stcam- 
from  Portsmouth  4  times  daily).  ■  *  Oceanic  Hottl  (300  guests;  $ 3 

F;S  15 -17.50  a  week)  is  on  Star  island,  the  former  site  of  the  vil- 


•  ■     ? 


f    *  * 


'^■j;^ .  * 


•.     III!! 


^iiiii'iii 


YORK-  , 

«66    ii""'"  ^-  „.   attached  to  tt-e  W'l. 

1    tan"ly    «'"«'"  .mall  »«""■  *''"° 

,a.e  of  Oosport.    Sever^    t»"^-^/         ^^.d  »  »  ™^^,  „,,s,ac«,l  Ik. 

r«on.an  once  l"'!  '"'■  '     J  K,id  that  *'.'"' ,,vlUeil  cries.    AMlte 

IZI  of  Ih"  «=*Tlcrh,g  hev  to  the  1>"""'»  ^>    ,X  »chool.t»,her, 
Cvent  them  iroma^-;™  8,^  f„,„rite  resort  o»  la  y^  ^  ^„^„  ^^. 

'pomt  on  the  ™*y  *o™  ^^^^^  ^_,,^.,  «'|\„,^^^pSH.e,  are  tonnd  on  ta 
who  »•»»  *""'      ,    u.  8cen  no  more.    Fu-e  "'^^       ,  j„olvmg  hgM,  87 
;ashedhera«y,t»^'>7,;,,  Wa„'*."*''*°JXJ;i  („v  Smn.ty  No") 
Wand.    1  M-  «•  ^^'Z  ^,d  visible  15  M.  av,ay.    "^J  ^  ,  jo  «i  .to 

B.  above  the  "'"">  "'j'^.^^  a„A  Star,  »"/  %S  iJ^S  M.  S- 1" 


iind 


,rin>ehamlet;v.Hhsevetaiancientr--^ 
ir.«-th>"«;  ^;^^  aaye,  v*^/j;te.i  to'*J 

,,vav  sand.    ^^*^  ^^^    „   ,  iiThe  N^^'^^^     on  u    i  i 

Various  rochy  isW  c*d     .  ^^_^^^.^^^  ehanneh  ^^„,„„a  r;*^ 

•£jS'*S".Wa»  and  -o' 


e  hotel, 

Auotlict 
3\.teiU''htT, 

^Tvd  on  t\us 

o!  16  oi  the 
to  Cavt.  35 

L  1872.  bUi 


BALD  HEAD  CLIFF 


Houte  37. 


W.  end  of  liOng  SanN,  !B8-20  ;  Donnell  House,  midJlo  of  Long  Sanda  ;  5ea  CoU 
tuil,',  1?  12,  iR'iir  Uiiidle  of  Long  Sands  ;  at  Union  Buijf's  (K.  end  C'f  hoiii;  Saiid.>->, 
art.'  till'  riioinpaoii  i,.^  8  -  121,  b'.unnount,  and  A.i^iiinciiticu.s  Houses.  The  far-viuvvinjj 
(,'iilT  llou.^c  is  ut  Ji'i'U  ILail  Cijf.  Tuere  uro  uiuiiy  clu-up  cot'ages  to  U^t  on  Lontf 
ginls  and  at  ConcordvU/e  (1  M.  from  liylitliousK  on  NiibMf).  Seu  ulso  llurptr's 
M.t;ia:itie  for  Si.'pt ,  188y.  A  branch  milroud  froui  Forcfuiouth  to  Kittery  and 
York  was  opened  in  18d7. 

C-7M.  from  York  Beacli  (by  .1  bad  road  tlirou,u;h  Tape  Neddick) 
\'^^f(,  Agnmenticus,  a  lofty  liill  whence  fine  views  of  the  ocean  and  of 
Ik'  White  Mts.  may  bo  obtained.  About  5  M.  N.  from  tlic.  beach  ia 
*  Bald  Head  Cliff,  a  remarkable  rocky  promontory,  "sct.ond  only  to  tho 
vli.uit's  Causeway  in  wild  and  majestic  grandeur."  The  highly  inclined 
strata  of  the  ledges  show  long  and  regular  stripes  of  vivid  and  variegated 
colors,  while  the  action  of  storms  and  rolling  surf  has  broken  the  cliff 
into  curious  sha})es.  The  view  from  the  I'ulpit  when  a  heavy  sea  is  roll- 
ing is  awe-insi)iring,  with  such  force  do  the  great  surges  break  on  the 
rocks  below.  On  its  3.  W.  side  tlie  clitf  falls  sheer  for  85  ft.,  to  the 
water.  Some  years  since,  a  new  banjue  from  Kennelmnkport,  being 
lightly  ballasted,  was  driven  in  on  Bald  Mead  CliH",  and  lost,  with  its  crew 
of  U  men.  Boon  Island  is  seen  off  shore,  with  its  lighthouse,  133  ft. 
above  the  sea.  The  Nottingham  Galley,  10  guns,  was  wrecked  on  this 
i>lai:il  ill  1710,  and  a  horrid  cannibalism  sustained  the  life  of  the  few  men 
who  were  saved.  The  long  Oguaquit  Beach  stretches  from  Bald  Head 
Cliff  to  Wells. 

Yiirl<  was  settled  about  1G24,  and  in  1G42  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges  estnblished 

here  tlio  city  of  Gorgeana,  with  a  full  iniiuieiiml  govennnent,  and  senii-ycarly 

fairs,  -  to  occur  at  the  feists  of  SS.  James  and  Paul.    Gorges  was  Lord  Palatine 

of  .Maine,  and  vainly  tried  to  establish  a  feudal  system  here.     The  death  of  Gorges 

and  tlio  rise  of  tho  English  repuhlie  made  it  easy  for  Massachusetts  to  take  poa- 

Mssion  of  Gorgeana  City  in  1652,  and  10  years  later  the  province  took  away  the 

fitvchnrtcr,  ami  named  the  town  York.     It  was  then  the  chief  place  in  Maine, 

■iii'i  reeeivcil  a  large  addition  to  its  population  by  the  arrival  of  a  detaehmeiit  of 

^  nili'il  Scoti'hmen  who  ha<l  been  captured  by  Cromwell  at  tlie  battle  of  Dunbar. 

Ilie  Iiuliiuis  made  frequent  attacks  on  York,  and  in  liJTG  they  destroyed  Cape 

i  X'iMii'k  village  and  its  people.     Feb.  5,  1002,  the  town  was  atta'cked  at  dawn  by 

I  i'*)  Indians  and   FrenchmoT!,  who  had  mandied   from  Canada  on  snow-shoes. 

I  M:iiiy  of  the  villagers  gained  refuge  in  the  garrison-houses,  which  were  success- 

if'illy  (K'tciided  wiiile  the  remainder  of  the  settlemen*:  was  destroyed.     After  a 

Wiiody  slaughter  in  the  streets  the  assailants  retired,  leading  100  prisoners  with 

tliem  to  Canada,  after  killing  75  of  the  peojile  of  York.     Henceforth  until  1744, 

I'^e  settlers  kept  guarded  as  if  in  a  state  of  siege,  and  throughout  Queen  Anne's 

|»ar(i;o'2-i7i2),  spy-boats  patrolled  tlic  coast  between  Cape  Neddick  and  Boar's 

Ifleail.    3  coniitanies  from  York  went  to  the  Louisburg  campaigns,  and  on  the 

fi'fniing  after  the  battle  of  Lexiiigton,  60  men  marched  thence  to  Cambridge. 

*The  Wentworth  is  a  modern  and  tirst-class  summer-hotel  ($4.50  a 
|lay;  5  21  -  S^io  a  week),  witii  electric,  lights,  billiards,  bowling.  stal)Ies, 
k'lestra  of  20  pieces,  music  hall,  boating,  batliing,  fishing,  and  ai  ini- 
neiL^e  view  along  the  loast,  including  8  light-houses,  and  toward  the 
I'wml  hills.     It  is  2  M.  from  Portsmouth  (frequent  stages)  and  near  New 

's'le,  a  quaint  fisiitrmen's  town  of  600  inhabitants  (see  pages  2(j4-5). 

Jii.latl'rey's  Point  is  the  stono-towered  villa  of  Edmund  C.  Stedman,  th« 

'^tand  critic,  near  the  iiome  of  Joini  Alboe,  a  graceful  local  poet. 


r^* 


>.[  1 


^41-^ 


^•, 


Ml 


|!(t^! 


KirrERY.- WELLS. 


Wells  Village  ^  ^^'^  \^,,^o.,  and  is  fi'^^^VThe  old  northern  post- 
about  4  H.  S.  E.  of  the  ^  at  ,^^^  ^^^  l-i^i,^7^pt^^^^^^  M.  Iron,  tl.c 
ovcrloolang  the,  ocean.     ^>h.  M' W^^^^^^'.  ''c^io-ir,  a  ^v.^•l^•. 

::ad,  and  are  separated  ^;^^^^,,  ^f^^^J^;^^,,....^,^^^ 
village  (go<.d  ''''^^',,^,,,^c^.f^^7«.«^-\t^Ind  hunting.    Tl.e  vu     ] 
£,,/-F,.»«  //«"««'  '/^'^'     'wishing  good  hathn.g  am  .^,^y,.\. 


The   Sfft-  J'u'i 

bpi'ii  tmriicd 
^Ji-12  a  Week. 
The  steam  boai 
the  Old- Orchard 


,ul,  cliise 
ctf.  'Hie 
(in  si^^»^>' 

the  Niivy 
reuv  iiivivi- 


aorin 


Uu' 


lovt, 


ed. 

00  a  ^v^'^•^^^  '' 

LTiovnu-vnr<'f 


n\ysivixu> 


10 


A.vuU 


>t\>l^- 


'Vhe  vi^^ 


0^""^^"'^  fin 


^^^""ivia  U..A 


BIDDEFORD. 


Ilnute  ,J7.    2GU 


xns  soon  a",  gi,:.!'! 
After  a    ;^^.,,aiv><l 


Incorporated  l>y  the  Mass.  Lej?lslatiire,  with  the  name  of  Aruiidfl.    After  bearing 
this  uaiiio  tor  104  years,  tlie  town  discarded  it  for  its  iircsciit  iiaiiie. 

R'vond  Koiincl)iink  (see  al  o  paire  281)  tlio  train  roarhos  Biddo- 
imt\HUiUj\)fd  lltmsi),  a  city  of  rt,!»()l)  iiilial)itaiits,  wiili  4  banks 
(2  of  (li'posii),  4  nc\v>*|)a|)ers,  aiid  \\  ciiiMTlic-i.  Across  the  Saoo  liiv.  r 
in  tlio  city  of  Saco  {S^tro  JJniisc),  witli  7, OIK)  iiihahitUMts,  and  4  han'vS 
(2  of  di'pttsit)  the  York  Institute  (Library  and  Miiscmn),  and  the  Saeo 
Yacht  clid).  The  Saco  lias  55  ft.  oi  fulls,  fiirni>hin;^  a  waler-power  whicli 
is  utilized  l)y  the  Y(M'k,  IVpp.'rreli,  and  Laoonia  eotton-faetorics,  runniiii^ 
17r),()!)()  spindles,  with  about  .ti  ;J,00(),0()()  capital,  ami  eni|ili>vinjj  over 
;j,ll()()  operatives.  Several  huinlrcd  njen  are  en;^at;ed  in  largo  uiachine- 
shop.-i,  while  great  numbers  are  in  the  luuiber-nidls. 

Tiiis  district  was  first  visited  by  He  Moiits  in  1(105,  and  Vines  wintered  here  in 
1017-18.  I'erinanent  settlements  were  niadi^  about  Ki.'iO,  and  in  lt)7)  the  Sokokis 
liiilian.->  were  repulseil  witli  sevens  loss  from  tii(!  fort  at  the  fall ).  In  170;J,  this  fort 
was  taken  by  another  attatdi,  led  liy  French  olllcers,  and  in  1708  Fort  Mary  was 
Imilt.  Biddeford  was  bon.^dit  for  .£!>i)  liy  Wni.  I'hilliiis,  of  Uoston,  and  in  1718 
rpi'eiv('(l  its  separate  incorpor.ition,  and  was  n.amed  for  an  Kn^lisii  eity  wlience 
rainn  several  of  its  settlers.  It  becanii!  a  eity  in  i8.').j.  Saco  was  incorixn-ated  as 
Pt'lilicrellhoiouf;!!  in  1702,  and  was  named  in  honor  of  the  kni;;lit  who  owned  in 
territory.  It  was  called  Saco  in  1805,  and  t)ecanie  a  eity  in  18;>7.  The  eeleiirate<l 
Saco  River  rej<iinent(5th  Maine)  was  raised  hereabouts  in  1801,  and  served  through 
the  Secession  War,  Injing  most  diatinyuished  for  its  brilliant  bayonet-charge  at 
Raiipiilianaock  Station,  wliere  it  took  hundreds  of  prisoners  and  the  flays  of  the 
8th  Louisiana,  and  0th,  7th,  and  54th  North  Carolina  reyinicnts. 

Biddeford  Pool  is  !)  M.  from  the  station  (7  M.  for  pedestrians,  by  Fort 
Hill  and  the  terry).  Steamers  run  twice  daily  from  the  pier  below  the 
fails,  down  the  beautiful  river  to  the  Pool. 

The  Snn-Vi<'ir  Hntini'  is  the  only  hr>tcl  roninininfr  at  tho  Pool,  tli««  others  having 
betMi  liunied  At  Hay  Mew,  or  Ferry  Beuuh, — JSnij-CUw  lloust,  150  guests, 
4^8-12  a  week. 

Tiu'  steamboat  from  Biddetord  touches  at  Ferry  Jkach,  connectinc  there  with 
the  Old  Orchard- Beaeh  K.  It 

Tiie  village  is  on  a  peninsula  opposite  the  hill  on  which  are  the  ruins  of 
Fort  Mary  (built  in  1708).  Near  by  is  a  quaint  old  house  of  the  17th 
c'litury.  The  Tool  is  a  broad  and  muddy-bottomed  cove,  which  is  very 
maiiy  land-locked,  and  is  filled  by  each  tide.  There  was  formerly  a 
piipiilar  belief  that  whosoever  entered  the  Tool  on  the  2f!th  of  June  would 
lie  cured  of  all  disease.  On  the  ocean-front  near  the  hotels  is  a  tine,  sandy 
Ijeacii  with  good  facilities  for  surf-l»athing  (rent  of  bathing-houses,  Sl.Oi,' 
^  Week),  while  a  resounding  rocky  shore  stretches  around  toward  the 
harbor.  N.  K.  of  the  I'oul  is  Sltiye  Island,  where  a  British  frigate  de- 
strou'd  5  vessels  in  1814,  and  Wood  hlniid,  with  a  powerful  revolving 
fetl  lislit. 

The  Hoston  nnd  Maine  Railroad  (Route  38)  touches  the  present  route  at  Cidde- 
I'ofJ,  iind  tourifct.s  who  wish  to  visit  the  Pool  will  find  that  route  equally  near. 

After  leaving  Biddeford,  the  train  cro'^ses  the  Saco  Uiver,  and  passes  on 
|to Saco  station,  with  line  views  of  the  sister  cities  on  the  r.     5  M.  farther 


i     .i' 


:,t    ( 


I      ; 


i,4'i;,Jti:         '     L. 


R')iUe  37.     SCA RDORorGII.  -  POIlTL A ND. 


m 


% 


i 


If) 


i 


on  i«  W.  Sen rhornu f/h  station;  niul  then  comes  ScnTihoroiir/h,  whence stnffon 
run  ;j  M.  K.  to  Scafborou^h  Beach  (Atimfii-  llim»c,\m  picsij«,  ■?  12-'2I  a 
WL'ck;  Kirkwiiol  IIoum',  $8-  IJ  a  wetU,  Nci  T/c//;  //ouae.  *8-|-2).  'I'lio 
b  ucli  is  2-.i  M  Ion,:,',  linnl,  level,  nnd  s-ife  lor  iiatliiiif,'.  wliiU;  llii*  lisliim; 
otT-nlioro  is  very  i;<io(l.  A  (in(!  picc-c  of  loicst  near  tlio  AtliUilic  House  fur. 
nishcs  pli-nsiiit  wiillis.  Prout'S  Neok  ((.'lierL-l< y  lliim',  on  the  outer 
roclvt,  t)iJ  ^'iii!-.ts,  .ftlO-TJ  u  wo  k;  Wc>t-i*oint,  I'rout's  NccU,  ami  Caui- 
mock  Houses,  and  Ocoari  (Jotta^c,  •''«'l>  S8-l()  a  w(n:k)  projects  into  ilio 
o'.-(!)iu  from  tho  S.  pml  of  the  beaeli  2  M.  fnvm  the  AMaiitic;  wliilc  on  the 
N.  is  Itiehmond's  l>land,  off  the  inoutli  of  Spurwiiik  liivtr;  with  Cape 
Lll/abtilh  and  Howeiy  iloach  lieyond. 

Tiiis  town  was  settled  about  1030,  ami  in  105S  subndtted  to  Mass.  nnd  iidojitpd 
tUe  Eu^llsli  uuiiie,  b<'arb.>roU},'li,  in  place  of  its  Iiidian  iiaiiie,  <)wasroa«("a  pl^ie 
of  inueh  Ki'i*' "  )•  I"  '"^'"n  I'iiilip's  War  it  \v;is  (lelcmleil  by  troops  of  .M,i,s-i. 
against  sevcml  Iiulian  attacks,  over  i:0()  uicn  beiiij,'  in  jiarrismi  here.  The  troniis 
were  called  away  in  lli7(i,  and  the  enemy  destroyed  llic  town,  and  in  IGTV  lilO 
Mass.  soldiers  were  lauded  here.  They  were  lii'rcely  attacked,  and  del'ealcd  with 
the  losa  of  OO  men  and  thoir  commander,  Capt.  Swett.  In  lO.si  a  large  fort  (pails 
of  which  still  remain)  was  built  at  Bhwk  i'oiut,  hut  tlie  town  was  aliaiidciiKMl 
between  10(H)  and  17o-J.  In  170:3,  tiie  fort  was  attacked  by  idO  men  under  .M, 
lieaubariu,  bu'  'as  delended  by  n  brave  Utile  baml  from  Lynn,  while  iieavy  rains 
cau.sed  the  hostile  mines  to  fall  in.  Alter  over  100  Kn^'lisli  lives  had  been  sacri- 
lled  by  tlie  Indians,  Scarborough  became  drmly  established,  a)i<l  in  17!ll  was  as 
populous  as  Portland  ('2,2.56  iulialdtants).  Tiie  exttdus  from  iMainc  has  gre;itly 
weakened  this  town,  whieh  in  1870  had  a  popolntion  uniallei'  by  &44  souls  than 
that  of  1701. 

6  M.  beyond  W.  Scarborough  (passing  Scarborough  and  Cape  Elizabeth 
stations)  the  train  crosses  Fore  River,  and  stops  at  Portland. 


Portland  and  its  Environs. 


Hotels.  ♦Falmouth  Iloupe,  a  fine  structure  on  Middle  St.,  $250-3  a  dfiv; 
Preble  ll.uisp.  United  .Stutes  Hotel,  #2-2.50  a  day  ;  City,  l»i2  a  day. 

Horse-carH  on  <'i)u<rress  St.  from  Yaughau  St.  to  t'ae  Ob.>!«rvatory  evcrv  IJ 
ndnutes;  IVum  the  Prelde  House,  by  Preble,  Portland,  aud  Oreeu  i5ts.,to  Evurgiicii 
Cemetery,  ncerin;; ;  from  ('on;rres.-i,  by  Sprim;,  to  En:ery  St. 

Keadinif-i'ouiiiH.  Toe  Y.  M.  C.  Association,  cointr  of  l^onKre.<i8  and  Ca^io 
Sts.  ;  tho  Public  Library,  in  the  City  Hill,  open  10  A.  M  to  9  V.  M.;  the  I'ortlaiiJ 
Fraternity,  4  Free  St. ;  ^lerehants'  kxehaui;e,  K.tclinngi!  St. 

ItailroiidM.  The  Boston  and  Maine  liailroad  Kasn-rn  nnd  AYestcrn  rivi.'-iiin", 
to  lio.«!ton  (Routes  37  and  JJS) ;  Maine  Central  Railroad,  to  Aujrusta,  Haii^'m-,  miiI 
Bar  Iliirbor  (Route  17);  Maine  Central,  to  Lewi.;ton,  Banjifir.  and  St  .lolui  (  Kou'h 
4'));  I'ortlaP''  and  Ogdensburg  Railroad,  to  N.  Conway  and  L'pf)er  Uartleri  (Kuiito 
3  >);  cjirs  of  the  Kno.x  nnd  Lini  oln  ll:dlroad,  for  Rockland  i Route  411 ;  Portland  ami 
lliM'lipster  Hailroiid  (.'^ee  pa>:e  213) ;  Orand  Trunk  Rtilwav  (see  }v.\<^k  287). 

Steamships.  The  Allan  Mail  Line  nuis  between  Poi 'land  nnd  Liverimol 
from  SoNemlier. lo  May,  iind  from  May  to  November  T)etween  Quebec  and  Livir- 
pool.  Cabin-fares,  .s 05 -80.00  ;  third-class,  SMO.OO.  Vessels  of  the  lKlen:Mlinii,il 
Steamship  Co.  run  thrice  weekly  (Mondays,  'Wednesdays,  and  Kiidays.  at  .'>  1'.  M.) 
to  Eastyiort  and  St.  .John,  cunnectinf.' with  steamers  for  Ann-ipnps  ami  llaliiix. 
Portland  to  St.  John,  S5.00.  Semi-weekly  steamers  leave  Franklin  Wharf  for 
New  York  ;  fare  (including  sfcvte-room ),  $6  00. 

The  Portliind  Steam  Packet  Company's  steamers  Tremont  and  Jo/m  Bronl-n  lenve 
Frankb  Wharf  daily  at  7  P.  M  for  Boston  :  fare,  » 1  00  (with  sttte-room,  .'?2.0i> 
These     ..ssula  are  largo  and  connnodious,  and  tlie  trip  affords  pleasant  views  of  tlie 


ousi:  tn<-- 
ho    »i»^>f 

I  into  vUo 
with  ^''ipc 


nd  iitlortpil 

'I'Ue  tvonvs 

in  lOTV  •:);> 

Ifli'ivlfil  With 

,en  uinlt^i'  M. 
I,,  \ieiivy  v;uu3 

H4  souls  Hull 
^pe  EUza\)cth 


Ivatory  /^vrrv  r. 

Utcvn  rivi^Um^ 
1st  .t«l'" ''•"'' 

liuUn  Whurf  for 
lite-room,  »-: 


PORTLAND. 


Routes?.       271 


h(irl)iirK  of  Portland  find  nonfon.  Tho  refiirnlnjr  uteaniornIi'nrB  Indln  Wharf,  BoKfon, 
at  7  P.  M  dilly.  The  rnii  from  I'ortltind  to  Hoi'ton  tnUfs  8  honr».  StoiniiiTs  do 
iidt  I'livo  on  Siindiiy)",  fxccpt  in  July  mid  An^n^t  TrI  weekly  hfcnniiT"  ill""  lor 
till'  KfiinelH'r  U  ver.  Tlu-  fitrniiier  (itii  of  llirhmniul  jenven  Hnllrintd  Wliirf 
fpiiii-weekly  for  Mt.  TN'Rertiind  Mnrliins  {^v\'  (tiipe  n<i2:,  connrrfinjt  nt  liockhitid  wi»h 
(If. iiinhont!*  for  fh"  1  enoliMcdt-lUver  lindliij»'i  The  ctemner  /'n/ir/irisi  nm*  trl 
wpi'kly  to  llootlihny,  I'emitqnid.  nnil  Duniiiri^rdttri  {fff  Itonte  44")  If-irlior  ^'tpiiin« 
borit-i  nin  ^pveml  tinies  d!iilv  to  IVnU's  and  ('ii«liimf'«  Island",  etc. ;  and  other  regnliir 
liiitx  M'oenil  Ciivro  IViy  to  llfiriisvcU  iind  other  points. 

rortfiind  Wft'i  settled  in  103J,  on  the  Indian  domain  of  MaolilKonnfl.  nnd  was 
nniiied  Casi'o  Xock  until  it  jiassed  undci'  t'lo  Mass.  government  in  1(I5S,  when  it 
rcci'lved  tho  name  of  Falmouth,  In  Itli'd,  the  settlement  was  destroNed  l>y  the 
Iiiili.iiis,  and  ;}">  of  its  jieoide  were  klllcil  and  eaiitiired.  The  dcsnlidetl  vdl.i;,'0 
WM  leiiopulated  in  HiTH,  and  received  an  ai'cei.sion  of  Ilnjfnenot  immij;nint« 
from  1. 1  Hoi'liellts  but  the  Indians  soon  rose  a;;ain,  and  in  Kis.i  killed  II  of  the 
town  ,'ii.ii'd  on  Munj  iv's  IHll.  In  the  sami^  year,  tlni  town  was  men  ired  l>y  n 
lii-;('  hostile  force,  b\it  was  dtdivere  1  l>y  the  o|ii)(iitMno  arrival  of  Major  Churcli,  a 
skill'iil  |>artisin  olllrer,  with  troops  from  the  I'lymoutli  iNilony.  c.'liiii'ch  mandied 
oiii  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Deerin;,'  e-itatt;,  and  holdly  en^'au'ei  the  enemy,  who  wan 
]iiit  tollii;iit  after  a  sharp  skirmish  in  which  the  I'lymonth  m<  n  lost  11  killed  nnd 
imay  woiindeil.  AfK'r  (Jhnrch  hid  left  the  town  (Ui'.Hi),  tho  th.'ee  main  ilefenceii 
wtri'  attaclitsd  hy  5  )0  Fi'en(dimen  and  Indians.  (Jne  of  them  was  e\ai'uateil  nnd 
anntliiT  was  stormed  Fort  Loyall,  the  I  ir^est  fort  on  the  coast  (then  on  tho 
pivscut  site  of  tho  IJrand  Trunk  station),  was  fairly  i,'arrisoned  and  mounted  8 
raiiu  lu.  Ilavin'.,'  destroyed  the  villa,'e  and  mo^t  of  its  inh.ihitants,  the  fort  was 
liosii','iid  for  5  d'  vs,  nnd  mined  under  the  direction  of  the  French  olllcers.  Ere 
tlip  mine  was  sprani^  the  fort  surrendered,  and  the  survivors  of  its  j^.irrison  were 
l.i^cM  to  Quebec.  Scores  of  tin;  peo|il(!  wen;  killed,  and  MO  were  nutde  prisimers. 
Ill  Id):;  the  neijihborin,;;  vill  i,'es  of  Spurwink  and  L'lirpooiliick  were  rlestroyed, 
ami  j."»  jteoiile  kiUetl  or  (M|)tured.  After  the  I'e.ice  of  Utrticht,  in  1713,  the  place 
\vin  ii'.Miii  occni»ieil  and  }:ri'w  slowly,  the  population  of  7^')  souls  in  17r>3  having 
Imioiised  to  2.00)  by  1704.  (>ct(d»er  18,  177'),  this  iirosperous  town  was  boin- 
liinli'd  by  4  British  war-vesseh  (the  Canscau,  Cat.  and  others,  under  command  of 
Ciia.  .Mow.itt,  who  had  previously  snlfered  some  indi;^nities  here).  r>etachment9 
of  miiriiici  were  lauded,  and  between  their  incendiary  labors  and  nine  hours  of 
raiiiMii.idiim  from  the  tieet,  414  buildings  were  utterly  destroyed,  leaving  but  loO 
stiiuHii,'.  The  rehuildiHo'  of  Falmouth  was  eomnieneed  in  1783;  in  1785,  the 
"  Rilmoiith  Gazette  "  was  started,  "  to  advocate  tho  independence  of  Maine  "  (then 
uii'lor  the  Mass.  government);  and  in  17So  a  town  was  incorporateil  here,  with 
2,1100  iiiliabitant.s,  under  the  name  of  Portland.  In  1832  it  became  a  eity(popula- 
tiiiti  l:!,(ioO),  and  soon  afterwards  began  tho  construction  of  great  railway  lines  to 
t!ie  liaik  country.  An  extensive  foreign  trade  sprang  up,  principally  with  the 
West  Indies,  and  the  city  grew  rapidly  in  wealth  anti  importance.  On  the  night 
ol'  July  ith,  1806,  a  disastrous  tire  swept  away  one  half  of  the  compact  part  of  the 
city,  causing  a,  loss  of  $  0,230,000. 

Portland,  the  commercial  metropolis  of  Maine  (with  36,000  inhabitants 
and  a  valuation  of  .$31,259,401),  is  .situated  on  a  high  peiiinsvila  in  the 
S.  W.  end  of  Casco  Bay.  Its  harbor  is  deep  and  well  sheltered,  and 
iltfi'iiileil  by  three  powerful  forts,  while  several  large  i.slands  beyond  afford 
favorite  resorts  in  the  summer  season.  The  peninsula  on  ^vhioh  the  city 
isl)uilti.s3  M.  long,  avl  at  the  centre  is  little  over  ^  M.  wide.  It  is 
lioundul  by  Portland  Harbor  and  Fore  River  on  the  S.  and  W.,  and  by 
Back  Cove  on  tho  N.  Bramhall's  Hill,  on  tho  W,  of  the  peninsula,  is 
I'jft.  high;  Munjoy's  Hill,  on  the  E.,  is  IGl  ft.;  and  the  central  part 
of  the  city  is  57  ft.  above  the  water.    Tho  Western  Promenade  looks  down 


i     i 


1  • 


* 


Itimte  ii7. 


rOllTLAND. 


on  the  rural  enviroiisi  from  BranihaH's  Hill,  and  froju  this  point  Coiignss 
St.  runs  do"'n  the  length  of  the  peninsula  to  the  Eastern  Promenade  on 
Munjoy's  Hill,  from  which  fine  views  of  the  bay  and  islands  may  be  ob- 
tained. Each  of  these  promenades  is  150  ft.  wide,  divided  into  sections, 
and  planted  ^    th  lines  of  trees. 

The  City  Hail  is  a  large  and  imposing  building  of  light  Nova  Scotia 
stone,  surmouiiL.U  by  a  singular  dome.  Passing  from  this  point  up 
Congress  St.,  with  Lincoln  Park  on  the  r.,  the  Roman  Catholic  Bishop's 
Palace  is  seen  on  the  1.,  and  the  large  Cathedral  of  the  Immaculate  Con- 
ception. Beyond  Si-.  Luke's  Church  (Epis.)  on  tha  1.,  a  large  bnildiii},' 
occupied  by  a  graded  city  school  is  passed,  and  alongside  of  it  the  old 
En  stern  Cemetery  is  seen. 

Among  those  who  are  buried  lierc  are  Commodore  Preble  and  Captains  Bur- 
roughs and  Elytlie.  Edward  Preble  was  born  at  Portland  in  1761,  and  wiis  nii 
officer  in  the  American  Navy  during  the  Revolution.  Wt  commanded  tlie  S(|ua(l- 
ron  which  sailed  to  Tripoli  in  1803,  and  humbled  its  jju-atical  people  liy  Sfvcnil 
bombardments  of  the  city,  at  the  same  time  averting  the  danj^ers  of  a  war  between 
the  Emperor  of  Morocco  and  the  United  Htates.  Burroughs  and  Blythe  cinii- 
manded  respectively  the  American  wnr-vessel,  tlie  "  Enterprise,"  and  the  British 
brig,  the  "  Boxer,"  winch  fought  off  Penia(iuid  in  1813.  After  a  sharp  action  (it 
48  minutes,  in  which  both  captains  were  killed,  the  "  Boxer  "  surrendered  antl  wus 
taken  into  Portland. 

Just  beyond  the  cemetery  is  the  ol)servatory  on  Munjoy's  Hill,  wliicli 
should  be  ascended  for  the  sake  of  its  extensive  *  view  (small  fee  to  tliu 
keeper).     To  the  S.  W.,  on  the  heights  beyond  Fore  River,  is  tlie  tini' 
castellated  building  of  the  &latc  Reform  School,  with  the  plains  of  Si  ar- 
borough  and  Saco  beyond,  and  far  down  the  coast  is  the  blue  cone  of  Mt. 
Agamenticus.     Portland  and  its  inner  harbor  lie  to  the  S.  and  W.,  with 
Bramhall's  Hill  at  the  further  end  of  the  ridge.     To  the  N.  W.  is  tlie 
village  of  Gorham  (Maine),  over  Back  Cove  and  Deering's  Oaks,  and  far 
beyond,  80  M.  distant,  the  White  Mts.  may  be  seen  in  clear  weather.    X. 
E.  are  the  numerous  verdant  islands  in  the  blue  watei-s  of  Casco  i3a\ ,  with 
tlie  bending  shores  of  Falmouth  apd  Cumberland.     The  lighthouse  c 
Seguin  Island,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Kennebec,  25   M.  distant,  is  easily 
seen  by  the  aid  of  the  telescope  suspended  from  the  roof,  wiiile  on  the 
E.  is  the  outer  harbor,  with  Peak's  and  Cushnig's  Islands,  and  the  mas- 
Rive  fortifications.     S.  E.  is  Cape  Elizabeth,  with  its  summer  hotels,  ami 
the  Twin  Sisters  (Portland  lighthouses).     A  short  distance  beyond  the 
Observatory  is  the  Eastern  Promenade.     The  Marine  Hosjntal,  which 
may  be  seen  from  this  point,  is  a  fine  building  fronting  on  the  Bay  atj 
Martin's  Point. 

The  TJ.  S.  Custom  House  is  an  elegant  granite  building  in  the  poculiarj 
style  which  has  been  introduced  by  the  architects  of  tlie  present  AdniiiiiH 
tralion.  The  inner  hall,  with  its  elaborate  marble  ornamentatioii,  i| 
worthy  of  a  visit.    A  short  distance  N.  E.  of  the  Custom  Houkc  are  tlij 


it  Congress 
iinenade  on 
may  be  oli- 
to  sections, 

!^ova  Scotia 
is  point  np 
ilic  Bishop's 
iculate  Con- 
rge  building 
,f  it  the  old 


Captains  Bni- 
1,  and  w.is  mi 
led  tlie  s(iu;i(l- 
)ple  liy  si'vcral 
fa  war  between 
d  Blvtlie  '■"'"- 
iiid  tlie  Brilisli 
harp  action  of 
ndered  and  was 


ji< 


's  Hill,  whieli 
tall  fee  to  tlif 
er,  is  the  fine 
)lains  of  Si  .ir- 
ae  cone  of  Mt. 
.  andW.,witl' 
3  N.  W.  i><  ^1'^ 
i  Oaks,  and  far 
i,r  weather.    ^' 
Casco  i3a\,witli 
}  lighthouse  0'' 
istant,  is  easily 
,f,  while  on  the 
s,  and  tin"  wai*- 
amer  hotels,  aiul 
mce  beyond  tlwj 
Jlospitcn,  Avbicli 
r  on  the  Bay  atj 

g  in  the  peculia: 
present  Adniim^ 
jrnamentation.  i' 


m  Hoxue  are 


till 


a 

-.  1 

i    !^ 

M| 

f 

1 

!" 

1 

j 

''i 

i  ■ 

i  '?  '  ■!■ 

m 

i 

s 

ii 

L 

1 

i  1  •  i 

6.  Faluionth  lfov.se. 

8.  /"r^/^/^. 

9.  Utiitfd  States. 
10.  Commercial. 


PORTLAND. 

RAILWAY  STATIONS, 

11.  For  Bangor  and  St. 
John,  Sehago  ivid 
N.  Co?t7vay.  D'- 

12.  For  Portsmjiithand 
Boston.  D- 

13.  For  Gorki  in  and 
Montreal.  ("j 

14.  For  Rochester.         t- 
16.  For  Dover  and  Bos- 
ton. D; 


E4 

E3 
D6 


16.  Catholic  Cathedral 


■*. » 


my 


LY  STATIONS, 

^angorandSi. 

Conivay.        / 

ton.  , 

Gorhu't   and  ^^_ 

Rochester.         "- 
Dover  and  DOS- 


olic  Cathedra.1^^^ 


ENVIRONS   OF   PORTLAND. 


limdc  J7.     273 


jiiers  of  the  New  York,  Boston,  and  Liverpool  lines  of  steamers,  i  uil  thu 
extensive  terminal  station  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway. 

The  *PoBt  Office  is  a  beautiful  structure  of  white  Vermont  marble,  built 
in  the  mediajval  Italian  arcliitecture,  witli  an  elegant  upper  portico  sup- 
ported by  Corinthian  columns.  Though  small,  this  is  one  of  tlie  ricliest 
and  most  pleasing  of  the  national  buildings  in  New  England.  In  this 
vicinity  are  the  stately  buihlings  of  the  City  Hall  audtlie  Falmouth  Hotel, 
•\vitli  many  line  commercial  buildings.  Beyond  the  Meclianics'  Hall  a 
succession  of  fine  residences  are  seen  stretciiing  up  the  slopes  of  Bram- 
hall's  Hill,  on  streets  so  thickly  lined  with  shade-trees  as  to  have  given 
to  I'ortland  the  name  of  "the  Forest  City."  Tlie  trees  in  the  central 
streets  were  destroyed  duiing  the  great  lire  of  IStlG. 

The  Society  of  Natural  History  has  t^ood  collections  of  sliells,  minerals, 
birds,  &c.  ;  and  the  libraries  of  the  Alhetueum  and  Institute  are  oftea 
vi.sited.    There  are  several  neat  stone  churches  in  the  city. 

The  commercial  facilities  of  Portland  have  been  {greatly  increased  by  the  con- 
stiiutiim  of  a  niar;;iual  railway  aloiij?  the  water-trout  of  the  city,  with  side-tracks 
riniimi^.' iltiwii  the  wlianes.  The  imports  in  1S74  were  8 •25,(>'2-2,OGO  ;  the  exjiorts 
weie  s  :;(l,(i()5,G4G.  Tlie  tonuaj^je  of  tlie  port  is  110,S30  tons.  Portlaiid  has  a  lucra- 
tive, tnule  with  Groat  IJritaiu  :  but  her  chief  coiimierce  is  with  the  West  India 
Islands,  vast  anKMints  of  shooks  and  snjiar-l)arrels  having  been  sent  there,  and 
repaid  by  return  cargoes  of  .sug.ar  and  molao.ies. 

.  Here  is  the  stately  building  of  the  Union  Mutual  Life  Ins.  Co. 
Iiongfcllow's  birthplace  is  at  tue  corner  of  Fore  and  Hancock  Sts.  A  favorite  drive 
'\i  to  Faliuuiith  ForeKido  (5  M.j,  where  summur-cottuges  and  boardiug-houses 
(jverluok  Ca-sco  IJay. 

Till)  city  is  suiiplied  with  water  from  Lake  Sebago,  17  M.  di.stant,  which  is  247 
ft.  above  tide-water,  and  is  •■aid  to  have  the  purest  lake-water  in  tlie  world.  '2f> 
M.  of  jiipes  underlie  the  city  and  convey  the  water  to  all  its  parts.  Ther»i  are 
Iutl'  3  daily  papers,  7  wee'dies,  and  ;J  monthlies. 

Evei'^'ri'i  11  (Jeinetery  is  2V  M.  from  Portland  (by  stage  or  railway),  and  has 
I'lfasuit  wod.lland  grounds  coverin,:;^  177  acres.  There  is  a  fine  Gothic  inoniinieut 
•■t' Caen  .stone  over  the  reiuaius  of  William  Pitt  Fessenden,  U.  S.  Senator  frmn 
1^'4  to  Iso'.t. 

Portland  was  the  birthplace  of  Henry  W.  Longfellow,  the  poet ;  N.  P.  Willis, 
till!  poet  and  traveller  ;  Sara  P.  Parton  (Willis's  sister" ,  who  wrote  popular  essays 
tiii'ler  the  pseudonym  of  "  Fanny  Fern  "  ;  I'lrastiis  and  Jame-t  Brooks,  the  New 
^'irk  journalists  and  politicians  ;  Rear-Admiral  Alden,  who  was  distinguished  in 
tli«  naval  battles  at  Vera  Oruz,  Xew  Orleans,  and  .Mobile;  Oniumodoro  Pnible, 
«ii"ioniniandetl  in  tlio  Tripolitan  War;  Cai)t.  G.  11.  Preble,  who  foimht  in  the 
Mtxicau  and  Secession  wars  ;  John  Neal,  the  poet  and  novelist ;  and  Xeal  Dow, 
the  reformer. 

Environs  of  Portland. 

Cape  Elizabeth  is  S.  of  the  harbor,  and  stretches  its  rugged  cliffs  into 
the  ocean.  The  drives  over  this  surf-beaten  promontory  are  very  pleasant 
'luring  the  summer,  and  extend  to  the  Twin  Sisters  lighthouses,  at  the 
«"1  of  the  cape,  9  M.  from  the  city.  Tlie  Ca2je  Cottarjc  is  3  M.  from 
i^i'tlaiid,  and  is  a  large  and  picturesque  hotel,  built  of  stone,  and  accom- 
modating 100  guests  (frequent  stages  to  the  city).  The  scenery  is  fine, 
I  einl»racing  the  shoreless  oceaii  on  cue  hand  and  the  entrance  to  the  liaxbor 
12*  R 


■t      £1 


;;  ,ii-jt 


^M 


% 'i   • 


\  -i 


u 


il'- 


,74    «o-3r.        ENVmOKS  or  POKT.AND. 

•  .  •   ii,P  Ocean  House,  a  large  hotel 

near  a  1"<1.  ""'"^y '""'f ',     „„t,c  on  ScarboroagU  Boach.    Tl«  '«"■ 
from  Portlana  is  th«  Allan  -c  Hon.0,  on  s  ^^_.^^  ^^_,„„^,„,,  (      , 

ta«Jii»'.n»34M.fronUhc«tj,o„ah.^^^^_^^  ^^^^^  ^  ,,  C.,,. 

Bea-views.     A  steam-tony  runs  trom  ^^^^^^^^  ^  f„vm,,W  e 

SlIU,  vn.a«.,  and  *  M.  """J   ,J;;^:^„.  town  ot  Ca,..  K.i.«  , 
,vovk  on  a  con.n.amUng  J.o.nt     ^°  '  "^         ,  „f  n,e  Stale  i(e/w»  »W. 
1  91  M  from  Portland  is  the  line  '  ""^    "         ^^  t,,^  islands  in  CiKO 
°lei'n.n  s«ve,-al  ,u„»s  daily  ''''^"^Sv  excursions  on  ttecoa., 
Bav     Tl-  »  °-  "'  *"  f""'u,o1^i" better    .  go  do.n  on  ata- 

The  stean,er  leaves  the  pn-r  aW  P  rf„i  works  ot  Fo* 

pSleonftelowpointtotUer.    ante  n>       P         ^^^^^^^^^        , 

Smmel  and  Gorges  on  -  "^^^J  °  ^^  „„„g  its  hills,    ^asoo  l^y, 

Ld:(UkeLaLwinne^«»^«.»^'^^^ 

,ood  Mn»^P'--    X^lfmJ,  about  5  M.  f'-*  ,,     ;:t 

^rh\eeol,es,  maples,  and  »»'='•    f^»^;,  \  ,1,  ,i,y  „i.h  its  tartar - 
ITopular  snmmer-resor,,  ^vU^nce  .  n-j^^-»  _^__^  ,„^  ^^„de„  «-, 

r^:L!rp.rpr<-r^:,,tea„ers.au^j«;^^^^ 

is  con„.osed  "«  '''f  „    t:e.-Jii.o;:d  ocean,  ''-;'■''•  trl,'".' J 
islets  of  Casco  Bay,  the  evei  ^^^^^^^  ^^^^  ^i^^  ,,.  jiu      j 

remote  N.  V\  ..  ui«  fi«hin!',   ie  along  the  piunt.  .   ,^,,r,Hi'^, 


MEDFORD.  —  MALDEN. 


Route  38.    275 


cedar  woods  to  the  verge  of  the  precipice  of  White  Head,  commanding 
tliii!  views  of  the  ocean,  the  bay,  and  tiie  city.  Tlie  *  Ottawa  House  was 
rebuilt  in  1887-88,  and  is  a  first-class  modern  hotel. 

Great  Chebeague  Island  (Sunnyside  l/ome)  covers  2,000  acres,  and  is 
woll  populated.  Little  Chebengue  (*  Waldo  House)  is  much  smaller 
(.steamers  several  times  daily). 

.Steamers  run  daily  in  summer  20  M.  up  Casco  Bay,  to  Harpswell,  a 
quiet  old  peninsular  town  rendered  classic  by  Mrs.  Stowe's  romance,  "  The 
I'earlof  Orr's  Island,"  Whittier's  poem  '*  The  Dead  Ship  of  Harpswell," 
and  Kellogs's  ''  Elm-Island  Stories."  The  Lawson,  Harpswell,  Morse, 
Alexander,  and  Merriconeag  Houses  ($8 -10  a  week)  are  at  S.  Harpswell, 
wheuce  daily  sUges  rau  N.  to  Brunswick,  15  M.  (see  page  30U). 


^j'!| 


j!l 


fi 


38.  Boston  to  Portland. 

By  the  Boston  and  Maine  Bailroad.  — Boston  to  Portland,  115  M, ;  fare  $3.00. 

After  leaving  the  terminal  station  on  Haymarket  Square,  Boston,  the 
line  crosses  the  Charles  River,  passes  over  Prison  Point,  in  Charlestowu, 
stops  before  the  crossings  of  the  Fitchburg  and  the  Eastern  Railroads, 
and  reaches  Somerville  station.  On  Winter  Hill,  in  this  town,  the  cap- 
tive army  of  Burgoyne  was  cantoned  for  many  monfhs.  The  city  of 
Somerville  was  named  in  honor  of  Richard  Somers,  a  brave  navel  officer, 
who  was  killed  in  the  Tripolitan  War.  Leaving  Charlestown  Heights 
on  tlie  r.,  the  line  crosses  the  broad  Mystic  River,  and  reaches  Wellinyton, 
whence  a  branch  runs  to  Medford,  a  place  of  10,000  inhabitants,  once 
famous  for  rum-distilleries  and  shij>-yards,  and  now  containing  the  large 
Mystic  Print  Works.  It  has  a  very  handsome  library  building,  Grace 
Church,  and  other  interesting  objects.  See  the  massive  brick  Cradock 
lluuse  on  Ship  St.,  built  in  1634;  Hobgoblin  Hall,  built  in  1738  by  Isaac 
IiKval,  an  Antigua  merchant;  and  the  Simpson  House,  built  in  1750  with 
bricks  from  Germany.    Tufts  College  (see  page  188). 

Maiden  {Evelyn  House)  is  a  manufacturing  city  of  14,000  inhabitants. 
Ill  tiie  old  parsonage,  built  near  Bell  Rock  in  1710,  was  born  (in  1788) 
Adoniram  Judson,  the  apostle  of  Burmah.  The  same  house  was  the  birth- 
place of  Cyr-'s  and  Darius  Cobb.  High  Peak,  or  Nanepashemet's  Peak, 
near  Maplewood,  and  the  site  of  the  ancient  Indian  fortress,  commands  a 
noble  view.  The  adjacent  hills  were  likened  by  I*resident  Dwight  to  "the 
Mveppinir  flourishes  of  a  graceful  penman,"  and  run  off  on  the  W.  into  the 
Middlesex  Fells  (see  page  181)).  George  L.  Brown,  the  celebrated  artist, 
"the  American  Claude  Lorraine,"  lives  in  Maiden. 

Station,  Wyoming,  the  seat  of  immense  rubber-shoe  works,  and  2  M. 
from  Spot  Pond.  Melrose  is  a  lovely  suburban  village  of  5,000  inhabi- 
tants, with  6  churches,  metropolitan  conveniences,  and  cultivated  society, 
jiinid  picturesque  rocky  hills.  Stoveham  is  2  M.  bj^  horse-cars  from  Stone- 
•'jim  (see  page  189).  'The  main  line  next  jiHf^seB  Greenicood ;  then  runs 
aioii^r  Crystal  Lake  (on  the  1.),  and  stops  at  Wakefield  Junction,  whence 


li 


uf 


m  I 


27G    Route  38.    WAKEFIELD  TO  NEVVBURYPORT. 


a  branch  line  diverges  to  the  E.,  rencliing  Salem  by  way  of  Lynnfield 
and  Peabody. 

Wakefield  to  Nev)burypnrt. 

A  branch  "ailroad  runs  from  Wakefield  Junction  to  Newlmryport  in  .JO 
M.     Leaving  the  elegant  mansion  and  grounds  of  Cyrus  Wakefield, ; 'id 
Wak  '^  Id  Hall,  his  princely  gift  to  the  town,  on  the  1.,  and  the  extcnsi  e 
;.'»r  i..   works  on  the  r.,  the  branch  line  soon  crosses  the  Sant,nis  River,  an 
« .,u  V      ^ssex  County.     Stations,   Lynnfield  Centre,  W.   Danvers  (wlien 
I  '  la^ti.t  and  Lowell  Railroad  is  crossed),  and  Danvers.     The  latter  is  an 
ancient  tc.       which  was  settled  before  the  middle  of  the  17th  century. 
The  witchcrali.  delusion  arose  here  in  1692,  and  in  1774  a  strong  Britisli 
force  was  cantoned  on  Danvers  Plains,  in  order  to  overawe  Essex  County. 
The  town  is  now  dependent  on  large  shoe  manufactories,  witli  earpet- 
works  and  a  rolling-mill.     The  train  coon  crosses  the  Salem  and  Lawreme 
Railroad,  and  runs  N.  through  the  thinly  settled  towns  of  Central  Essex. 
Station,  Topsfield  (Topsfield  House),  settled  in  1639,  on  the  scanty  in- 
tervales along  the  Ipswich  River.     Boxford,  a  sterile  town,  Avas  incor- 
porated in  1GS6,  and  has  two  box-factories.     Station,  Georgetown  (Pen- 
tucket  House),  a  bright  and  busy  village  E.  of  the  railroad,  with  consid- 
erable manufactories  of  boots,  shoes,  and  carriages,     George  Poabody, 
the  eminent  philanthropist,  was  employed  in  this  town  in  his  yonn;  d 
days  (1812-13),  and  has  evinced  his  pleasant  memories  of  it  by  present- 
ing to  Georgetown  a  fine  public  library  and  fund.     The  Memorial  Church 
is  a  monument  of  his  filial  regard.     S.  W.  of  the  village  is  Bald  Pate,  the 
highest  hill  in  Essex. 

A  branch  railroad  runs  N.  W.  from  Georgetown  through  the  towns  of 
Groveland  and  Bradford,  to  the  city  of  Haverhill  (7J  M.). 

The  train  crosses  the  town  of  Newbury,  and  in  9  M.  from  Georgetown 
reaches  Newburyport  (see  Route  37). 

Wakefield  was  settled  in  1639,  and  was  for  over  two  centuries  known  as 
S.  Reading.  In  1868  it  assumed  its  present  name  in  honor  of  a  wealthy 
citizen  who  had  greatly  benefited  it.  Cyrus  Wakefield  introduced  tha 
rattan-working  industry  into  this  country,  and  liad  large  factories  larc. 
Wakefield  has  5,3i9  inhabitants,  3  pap(>r.s,  6  churches,  a  publie-lilirary,;! 
co.stly  town-hall,  a  memorial  hall  (to  47 dead  soldiers),  and  shoe-factoricJ. 

Passing  Lake  Quanapowitt  (on  the  r. ),  the  train  reaches  JleadiH 
devoted  to  the  manufacture  of  shoes,  cabinet-v/are,  organs,  &o.  [jtatifn-. 
Wilmington,  Wilmington  J  auction  (where  the  Salem  and  Lowell  liailr ''J 
crosses  the  present  route),  Ballanlvale  (witli  factories  making  file's,  l)^^• 
tol  polish,  and  flaimels),  and  Andover  (Elm  House;  Mansion  JIoiis^l' 
This  ancient  academic  town  was  settled  about  1643,  on  the  Indian  domain; 
of  Cochichewick,  which  was  bought  from  the  natives  for  $20.04  .wl  ^ 


coat. 
scliooJs, 
f"g.    P. 

and  con.s 
fion.  V'l 
JadiVs.  I 
^"iinde<la 
'"'■""1  Hani 
tiition  Ji;js 

'f  'jelongs 

it  iiad  ^n-nll 

f'le  eJi;(,)i.|  , 

"■'■itte/j.    If 

"Gates  .\j,, I 

'"ff  the  visit 

^••ird  and  Ma 

'•^  Andover  i 

^'■'^"iid.s  are  c 

'"i?^  is  a  Jong 

J^i-ocliin  Hall 

o''about  30,0( 

^^^>h  a  super 

f''e  nii.ssioii  fit 

^  -^oiin  and  Per] 

^'  "f  the  gr\ 
ieonani  \7ood| 
"'^  Sejiiinarv  f 
'•^'''aiis  on  onV 
'^"■edenl.oirr,-.,,,] 
^''■etts  near  by.f 

/"fiover  was" 
^■ngland.     Jt  J 

7'^'  autho,  J 
ip.^''^''«''i'-eprJ 

^^''iyattr-'-^.tedf 
|"'^"UaureucJ 


ANDOVEll. 


liotite  .iS.    277 


LvnufieW 


ryport  in  -iO 
,lcet\el(\,  !.'>(\ 
he  extcu-A  e 
IS  River,  aiv' 
^nvcrs  (wiieTt 
lielatta-isMi 
L7tlv  century. 
,tvong  r.ri'^^sh 
Essex  Coui'ty. 
5,  witli  ('arret- 

and  Lawrcn>:e 
Ccntvai  Essex. 

the  scanty  i»- 

„vn,  AV'^'^  "^^'''• 
orgeto^vu  (Pen- 

.eovge  reabo>ly. 
in  liis  Youiv  cr 

5f  it  by  rv''«''"\- 

lemorial  CluuA 
is  Bald  Pate,  tk 


;gh  tlie  toNvns 


oi 


from  Gcorgeto« 

enturies  known  J> 

)Uor  of  a  ^veait 
J  iutroduced  tli^ 

vcre  factori^'s  W' 
;pub\vc-W'va^^' 

reaches  ii^-"'"'-'-^ 


&c. 


'.Uatif'V'-' 


I  tor  $-20.«  »'  I 


coat.  Anilover  lias  some  active  manufactures,  but  is  chiefly  famed  for  its 
schools.  The  Puncliard  High  School  is  a  local  institution  of  hi<,'h  stand- 
itig.  Pliillips  Academy  occupies  a  fine  building  on  the  hill,  and  is  of  wide 
ri'iMitiition.  It  was  endowed  by  tlie  Phillii)s  family,  in  1778,  witli  $  85,000 
ami  considerable  landed  estates,  and  has  since  occupied  a  i)rominent  posi- 
tion. 'I'he  Abbot  Female  Seminary  is  an  old  ami  funio\is  stihool  for  young 
ladies.  The  Theological  Seminary  of  the  Congregational  Church  was 
fouiideil  about  1808,  and  soon  after  received  liberal  endowments  ($120,000 
from  Samuel  Abbot  and  $250,000  from  William  Bartlett).  This  insti- 
tution has  long  been  "  the  school  of  the  proj)hets  "  for  the  sect  to  which 
it  belongs,  and  has  prepared  its  ablest  tliviues  for  their  work.  Up  to  1871 
it  liail  graduated  2,41)1  men.  It  has  9  profe.<sors  and  40  studerds.  liack  of 
the  cliiipil  .stood  the  old  stone  house  in  which  "  Uncle  T'.  ,'s  '""abin  "  was 
written.  It  was  burned  in  1887.  Near  by  is  the  Phelps  houso,  wi  nee  issued 
"Gates  Ajar"  and  other  famous  books.  Its  buildings  a.  very  plain,  caus- 
ing; the  visitor  to  wonder  "  if  orthodox  angels  have  no*  lift:jd  uy  old  Har- 
vard and  Massachusetts  Halls,  and  carried  them  by  night  '  om  Cambridge 
toAndover  Hill."  But  the  situation  is  one  of  extreme  oeauty,  and  the 
grounds  are  quiet  and  abounding  in  trees.  In  front  the  line  of  buihl- 
ings  is  a  long  walk  shaded  by  four  lines  of  trees,  near  whose  upper  end  ia 
Brechin  Hall,  a  handsome  building  of  local  stone,  which  contains  a  library 
of  about  30,000  volumes,  and  a  few  curio.sities.  A  copy  of  Eliot's  Indian 
Bible,  a  superb  copy  of  the  Codex  Sinaiticus,  and  various  trophies  from 
tlie  mission  fields  are  to  be  seen  here. 

Joini  and  Peter  Smith  Ciuiie  to  Andover  from  Brechin,  in  Scotland,  many  years 
apj,  and  amassed  large  fortunes.  They  built  and  gave  Brechin  Hall  to  the 
Siminarv,  and  erected  noble  schools  in  their  native  Brechin,  on  a  hill  which  they 
caused  to  be  named  Andover  Hill. 

S.  of  the  grounds,  and  near  the  Mansion  House,  is  the  old  home  of 
Leonard  Woods,  D.  D.,  an  eminent  Calvinistic  theologian,  who  taught  in 
the  Seminary,  ISOS-  46,  meanwhile  holding  controversies  with  the  Uni- 
tarian,s  on  one  side,  the  Episcopalians  on  the  other,  and  the  Baptists  and 
Sweden borgiiuis.  The  Priiiteiy  and  several  dormitory  buildings  are  on 
streets  near  by.     A  beautiful  chapel  has  lately  been  built. 

Andover  was  so  named  because  its  first  settlers  came  from  Andover  in 
I'-ngland.  It  supported  100  men  in  the  Continental  Army.  Elizabeth 
Stuart  Phelps,  authoress  of  "Sunny  Side,"  &c.,  and  her  daughter,  E.  S. 
i'lielp.s,  authoi-ess  of  "  Gates  Ajur,"  &c.,  were  born  here. 

Tliere  are  pretty  ponds  in  Anuover,  and  the  valley  of  the  Shawshine 
River  has  some  pleasant  rural  sceiiery,  while  the  view  from  Andover  Hill 
(nt  sunset  especiiilly)  is  highly  praised.  Many  sunmier  visitors  stay  here, 
jpsi'tly  attr-'>"ted  by  the  fine  society. 

Alter  leaving  Andover,  the  train  arrives  at  S.  Lawrence,  opposite  the 
l";y  uf  Lawreuco.    Some  of  the  through  trains  cro.s  the  river  and  enter 


.•i 


278    Route  3S. 


LAWRENXE. 


the  city,  while  others  do  not,  but  proceed  down  the  r.  bank  of  the  river  to 
Haverhill.  It  is  but  a  few  minutes'  walk  over  the  Merriniac  River,  wiiile 
from  the  bridge  the  traveller  gets  views  of  the  great  dam  (on  the  1.)  and  of 
the  long  line  of  factories  (on  the  r.  and  front). 

Lawrence. 

Hotels.—  *  Franklin  House,  a  sniall  but  elegantly  appointed  hotel  oi)i)oslte 
the  U.  li.  blutiun,  jgS2.r)0  a  day  ;  Essex  Hotel. 

This  city  was  founded  by  the  Essex  Company  in  1844,  and  contained, 

in  1845,  100,  and  in  1847,  3,000  inhabitants.     A  powerful  stone  dam  was 

built  across  the  river,  giving  a  fall  of  28  ft.  and  a  water-power  e(nial  tu 

10,000  horse-power.     A  canal  1  M.  long  carries  the  water  along  tlic  line 

of  mills,  parallel  with  the  river  and  400  ft.  from  it,  and  another  long  canal 

is  cut  on  the  S.  bank.     The  city  water-supply  was  recently  introduced, 

and  cost  $1,240,000.     The  Merrimac  River  is  1,000  ft.  wide  Iiere,  ami 

the  fall  over  the  dam  has  a  beautiful  effect.     The  city  has  2  banks  and  2 

savings-banks,  56  schools,  a  library,  and  a  park  on  Prospect  Hill.    S. 

Laivrencc  is  a  prosperous  manufacturing  suburb  across  the  Merriniac. 

The  chief  niauufactoriea  are  tlie  iuunensp  and  imposing  Pacific  Mills,  with 
140,0iK)  spindles,  4,000  looms,  8  2,500,000  (•apital.  and  2,400  female  and  l.i'dO  mule 
o))erativcs,  making  calicoes,  lawns,  and  <lress-i;oods ;  tlie  Washington  Mills, 
62,000  spindles,  1,300  looms,  and  2,600  ojieratives,  making  cotton  and  wonllen 
goods,  broadcloths,  doeskins,  sbawls,  and  cambrics  ;  the  Atlantic  Cotton  Mills, 
emi>loying  1,400  ])ersons  ;  the  Everett  Mills,  1,000  operatives,  making  eotron  and 
woollen  goods;  the  Pemberton  Mills,  800  operatives;  the  Arlington  Wmil'en 
Mills;  the  Lawrence  Duck  Co.,  Russell  Paiier  Co.,  Lawrence  File  and  Siiiudle 
"Works,  Lawrence  LumVier  Co.,  etc. 

Lawrence  (35,000  inhabitants)  is  one  of  the  three  capitals  of  Essex  Co., 
and  is  the  most  beautiful  of  the  manufacturing  cities  of  New  England. 
The  mills  are  separated  from  the  city  by  the  canal,  and  their  great  (lei)en- 
dent  boarding-houses  are  isolated  by  a  wide  green.  The  city  lias  \i 
churches,  5  Masonic  lodges,  4  lodges  of  Odd  Fellows,  3  weekly  and  2  dai'y 
new.spapers.  The  Conmion  is  a  fine  green  square,  with  abundance  of 
trees,  having  on  its  N.  side 'the  handsome  Oliver  High  School  and  the 
Central  Cong.  Church.  On  the  E.  is  the  1st  Unitarian  and  Grace  C'hureb 
(Epis.),  while  on  the  S.  are  the  elegant  city  and  county  buildings.  In  tlie 
base  of  the  tower  of  the  City  Hall  are  two  huge  cannon-balls  which  were 
fired  from  the  iron-clad  fleet  on  the  rebellious  city  of  Charleston.  The 
"  Lawrence  American  "  is  the  leading  daily  paper  of  Essex  Co.  The 
city  has  good  public  libraries,  several  of  which  pertain  to  the  cot- 
ton-mills. The  valuation  of  Lawrence  in  the  year  1875  was  %  '23.000,OM, 
On  a  street  leading  W.  from  the  Common  is  the  stately  ana  elegant  j 
church  of  St.  Mary  (Roman  Catholic)  in  the  purest  of  the  siniiihfj 
forms  of  Gothic  architecture.  This  church  was  six  years  in  building,  and 
is  of  a  handsome  gray  stone,  with  interior  arches,  columns,  and  a  loftyf 
clere-story  and  spire  of  the  same  material.     In  it.s  vicinity  are  several! 


,no  diuu  was 
yer  e.ivial  to 
ong  t\.e  Uue 

[y  intvoduceil, 
Ade  here,  and 
2  \,auUsani\"2 

lyect  Uill-    S. 
,  MerriuKic, 
cific  Mills,  with 


HAVERHILL. 


lUmteiiS.     279 


Catliolic  institutions,  which  are  powerful  and  highly  beneficent  In  their 
wdikiii.^'s  among  the  factory  populations. 

Tlie  city  wns  nainofl  from  Abbot  Lawrenoo,  a  woaltliy  nnd  philanthropic  Boston 
menliviit,  wlio  was  ono  of  its  toundora.  He  was  a  iiuMnbcrol'  (Joiijircs.s  fur  5  years, 
Miiiistrr  to  England  18»'.t-l.S.')2,  and  cikIowciI  Uif  Lawiciicp  Scii-iitific  Siliool  (at 
Caiii'iriil;;o)  with  glOO.noo.  His  son  was  (Ji)iisul-(h'iit'ral  to  Italy,  l.St>2-it,  and  liia 
linitiicr  Amos  was  eminent  for  bis  ^cenerosity,  having  given  ;?4-&0(),000  for  cliari- 
tal)li',  t'liiicationa!,  and  ndi^'ious  wo;-l<s. 

One  of  tlie  most  terri))le  accidents  in  American  history  took  jdace  hero  Jan.  10, 
ISiiO,  wlion  the  Pemberton  Mills  fell,  on  account  of  tliin  walls  and  insnfllcient  sup- 
ports, and  cauglit  lire  soon  after,  burning  alive  many  who  had  Imuui  caught  in  the 
falling'  ruins.     52')  persons  were  killed  and  wounded  on  that  drcadfid  day. 

Till'  Lowell  and  Lawrence  Division  of  the  Uoston  and  Lowell  II.  R.  runs  from 
liiwiciice  to  Lowell,  througli  the  towns  of  Andover  and  Tcwksbiiry.  There  are  4 
trains  each  w.ay  daily,  in  40  minutes.     Distance,  l:i  M.  ;  fare,  40  c. 

The  Manchester  and  Lawrence  R.  R.  runs  N,  W.  to  Manchester,  N.  11.,  in  70 
iiiiimti'S.  Distance,  2»(  M.  ;  fare,  80  c.  Tliis  line  jxisses  through  Mrtliiirn.,  a  Honrish- 
iii;,' lii;4iilanil  village  near  the  Falls  of  the  Spigot  River.  About  ;<  M.  beyond  Law- 
reme  tlie  line  enters  the  State  of  New  Hampshire.  .Stations,  Salem  and  Windham. 
Tiiclatter  village  is2J  M.  S.  of  the  station.  This  town  has  a  few  large  pimds,  and 
Cilolie  Mt.  (l,80i)  ft.  high).  Station,  Dorry  (stages  to  village  2  M.  K.),  famous  for 
apiiies.    200  city  people  spend  the  summer  among  the  cpiiet  farms  iu  this 

town. 

Stations,  Wilson's  and  Londonderry  (stages  to  the  village,  2  M.  S.).     Tliis  town 
was  settled  in  1719  by  a  colony  of  Scotch  Presbyterians,  from  Ulster  Co.,  Ireland, 
ami  was  iiuned  for  the  old  coimtry  Londonderry,  in  whose  long  and  terrible  siege 
several  of  the  immigrants  had  been  engaged.     Hefore  their  settlement  the  district 
was  railed  Nutfield.  from  the  abundance  of  its  nut-trees.    On  the  first  day  of  their 
arrival,  the  settlers  collected  under  a  great  oak-tree,  and  heard  a  sermon  from 
their  pastor,  after  which  they  began  to  build  their  cabins.     Although  on  the 
remottt  frontiers,  the  town  was  never  molested  by  the  Franco-Indian  marauders, 
iimiiianils  to  that  effect  having  been  issued  by  the  Manjuis  de  Vaudreuii,  Gov.- 
(ieii.  <if  Canada,  who  had  been  a  classmate  at  (iollege  with  McGregore,  the  Lon- 
ilnniicny  pastor.    The  first  American  resistance  to  (Jen.  Gage's  troops  was  when 
a  detarhiiient  marched  from  Bo.ston  to  thia  place  (46  M.)  and  captured  several 
lisertirs  from  the  British  line  regiments.    The  townsmen  rose,  and  pursued  the 
trinpg,  and  forced  them  to  release  their  prisoners,  who  became  residents  of  Lon- 
donderry.   Colonels  Reed,  McCleary,  and  Gregs,  and  Gen.  Stark  (victor  at  Ben- 
iiin^'ton),  all  of  the  Continental  Army,  were  born  here.     The  Scotch-Irish  colo- 
nists intniduced  the  potato,  the  foot-wheel,  and  the  loom  into  New  England.    6 
M,  beyoiul  Londonderry  Station   the  line  enters   the  city  of   Manchester  (see 
R^mte  2'.)). 
The  Laurence  Branch  (of  the  Eastern  R.  R.)  runs  from  Lawrence  S.  E.  to  Salem. 

The  main  line  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad  follows  (beyond  Law- 
rence) the  r.  bank  of  the  Merriniac  River  for  10  M.,  to  the  city  of  Haver- 
Mll,  passing  N.  Andover  and  Bradford. 

Haverhill  (Eayle  House,  $7-14  a  week)  is  a  handsome  city,  built  on 
liills  which  slope  down  to  the  Merriniac  River,  wliich  is  navigable  to  tliis 
I  Hut  (18  miles  from  the  sea).  In  i8:J0  it  had  a,912  inhabitants,  and  now 
j lias  20,000.  The  principal  business  of  tlie  place  is  tlie  manufacture  of 
sboes,  in  which  it  is  second  only  to  Lynn.  In  1869,  6,000  persons  were 
I'lere  employed  in  this  industry,  and  over  5,000,000  pairs  of  shoes  were 
liuade.    Woollens,  hats,  and  clothing  are  ah<o  manufactured. 

Havevliill  has  19  churches,  two  or  three  of  which  are  quite  handsome.. 
[The  Public  Library  has  a  costly  building,  adorned  and  frescoed  with 
|20,000  volumes  and  a  statuary  hall.  The  city  has  5  newspapers  .  nd  a 
Pasoiilc  temple. 


■1/ 


280     limite  3S. 


EXETEU. 


'• ' 


Tlie  new  City  Hall  (on  Muin  St.)  is  an  iniponing  building,  well  adajited 
for  the  civic  oHIccs,  From  GdMcu  Hill  tliere  is  a  fine  view  of  the  river 
and  city,  and  of  the  ancient  villiiyio  of  Hradlord  (famed  for  its  acrulcruy 
for  girls,  now  occupying  extensive  buildings  on  a  far-viowing  hill.  This 
ncadcniy  was  founded  in  180:},  and  was  a  nursery  of  niissionaiics'  wives,— 
Harriet  Newell,  Mrs.  .ludson,  ami  others).  1  M,  N.  E.  of  Haverliill,  mul 
in  its  rapidly  extending  suliurbs,  is  the  i»retty  Lalcc  Jtcuoza,  surronmlel 
by  hills.  A  neat  Ftone  club-house  has  been  built  on  its  banks  by  some 
Haverhill  gentlemen.  This  lake  was  nanjed,  and  has  been  written  of,  liv 
the  poet  Whittier,  whose  birthplace  (1807)  near  its  shore  (the  scene  of 
**  Snowhoitnd  ")  still  stands. 

A  line  Soldiers'  Moniiiiif-nf,  with  a  statue  of  a  U.  S.  soldier,  stands  <in  Mtiiii 
St.  (for  184  dead).    Also  a  bronze  statue,  with  bas-reliefs,  of  Mrs.  Ou.-taii. 

Gen.  Moses  Ilnzen,  lidrn  at  Ilavr iliill  in  1733.  was  an  ofUcer  in  the  rnininii^iN 
of  Crown  I'diiit,  JiOiiisl)iirg,  ami  yiieltee,  anil  eonniiamled  the  lid  Caimdiiiii  l  n 
tineiital  Reg.  ("  Congress's  Own  ")  from  1770  to  1781.  lie  tlien  moved  tn  Vr 
mont,  and  one  of  his  descendants  was  Gen.  W.  IJ.  llnzen,  wlio  long  l()ii;:lit  tin 
Comnnelies,  tlien  eonnnanded  a  lirigade  (1S(H  -2)  uttiie  battlesof  .Sliiloli,  Corinth, 
Btone  River.  Chiekamauga,  and  Mission  Kidge.  In  Sliermaii's  inarcli  to  tl:(' .sia, 
ho  eonnnanded  the  2d  division  of  tlie  15tli  corjis,  witii  wlde.li  he  stornioil  Furt 
McAllister,  at  Savannah,  Dec.  13,  1804. 

Haverhill  was  settled  in  1041,  on  the  Indian  domain  of  Pentucket,  liy  n  rulony 
led  by  Rev.  .John  Ward,  who  came  from  Haverhill  in  England.  The  vill;t;^'c  clmnli 
was  seientiflcally  fortitied.  but  the  town  lost  many  nan  diM'ing  Queen  Amu 's  \V,ir. 
In  lOlKS  the  Indians  took  Mid.  Hannah  Duston,  with  her  nurse  and  her  dilM  (0 
days  old).  The  latt<-r  they  murdered,  and,  after  a  long  inardi  through  tlic  foitst.s, 
told  the  women  that  they  were  to  be  forced  to  run  the  gauntlet  when  they  rtiu  licj 
the  village.  That  night  Mrs.  Huston,  with  the  nurse  and  a  young  Eii^lisli  Ik  y, 
arose  silently  and  killed  10  of  the  12  Indians,  scalped  them,  and  dropiiid  ddwn 
the  river  in  a  bark  canoe  to  Haverhill.  In  1708  the  village  was  attacked  by  iJO 
French  and  Indians,  and  40  of  its  neojde  were  killed  and  eaptuied. 

The  river-rnad  to  Newburyi)ort  runs  by  tlie  side  of  the  Merriniac,  tliroudi  a 
picturesque  succession  of  hill-towns.  Daily  stages  leave  Haverhill  (or  Ncvvlmn- 
port,  W.  Amesbury,  and  Hamjjstead. 

A  railroad  runs  from  Haverhill  to  Newburyport  via  Georgetown,  in  10  )I.  5 
trains  daily  are  run  each  way,  in  40  -  60  minutes. 

After  leaving  Haverhill  the  main  line  nins  N.  into  New  nanipshirt'. 
Stations,  Atkinson  (stage  to  •Hanipstead),  Plaistmo  (stages  to  SuikIowii 
and  Danville),  Xeioton,  and  E.  Kinr/stn,i.  ('^tage  to  Kingston).  These  an  all 
quiet  fanning  towns  in  Rockingham  County,  N.  H.  Station,  Exeter  (gool 
restaurant  in  the  station;  Gorham  Ilall  ;  Xmriicin.  House),  a  inetty 
village  of  3,437  inhabitants,  at  the  head  of  '  avgation  on  Exeter  Rivir, 
Exeter  was  founded  by  Rev.  John  Wheelwrir,(3t,  who  had  been  baiiislaJ 
from  Mass.  for  the  heresy  of  Antinomianisni.  He  bought  this  land  in  the 
wilderness  from  the  Indians,  but  when  it  was  annexed  to  Esse.x  Co., 
Mass.,  in  1642,  he  was  obliged  to  go  into  more  distant  exile.  The  In- 
dians about  Stiuamscott  Falls  migrated  to  the  vicinity  of  Troy  (on  the 
Hudson)  in  1G72,  but  other  and  fiercer  tribes  menaced  the  village,  awl 
nearly  40  of  the  people  were  killed  and  captured  during  the  latfr  Indian 
Wars.     38  men  of  Exeter  died  in  the  Continental  AiTny.     In  1781,  Hon.  ^ 


John  ; 
Benj.ini 

A/llOIlr 

lirdivin* 

''<•(;  f,  of   I 
'li|i|oiiiai.i 

'••'VlTcff 

'1'.  U-.  /»,„. 

■Sl't/l.'V  Co 
'■'''''•'i,  .Sei, 
'"'"'  "f  t/io 
'•"li'K'iit  j,i, 

»-...s  ho,,,  „ 
•UiWiigaii,  1 
*••  Cas.s  r-ati 
'•"■••d  Votes 

'«'-7.and 
?  ''■"'",>■  pro.s 
//'■  ''i''d  in  If 
J !':  'i'iti.sj,  (, 
fJl".'  Jtegi,,,;, 

K.vetcr  is  , 
•'""'  'la.s  the  ( 
^•^■'"lol,  sevei 

^I'lt'Ii,  and  9 1 
'"oS  on  a  caiJ 
''^"tS  and  ha.j 
'"  f''<-'  village  I 

££■;:■■  «""i.' 

^fa'ions,  S 
'''fi  Concord 

,^'^'nedinv 
"'V'''".^«  wa.s 
^»<1  nearly  iqq 

"^''iaeeous  JoJ 
^"'"'^"y-    Stati 


EXLTER. 


ItuuteSS.     281 


the  rivet 

lill.  'H.ii 
'  wives,  - 
iM-liiU.  a\iil 
.uvrouuiUvl 
;s  by  some 
ittcu  <>1',  liv 


.iu\M>nMain 

lunvi'tl   to  \'' 

e  sldiuH'l  loll 
ket,  by  a  .'(.V^ny 

^unl  b.;>-  "'  » ^^ 
llien  t\u'y  v.;;i>;l'<J 

avovv'V^"!-':, 


John  Phillips  founded  Pliillips  Acndemy,  and  endowed  it  with  $  134,000. 
Bfiijaniiii  Abbot,  LL.  I).,  was  jut'ceptor  of  the  Acatleiny  from  1788  to 
ls;{8,  and  Dr.  (Jideon  L.  Soiilo  wiis  preceptor  from  18158  to  1873. 

Aiiioiij{  the  distinKiilshed  ninn  wlio  Imvp  luu'ti  prcimrnl  for  coUp^'o  Iuto  nro  Jnhn 
Piikt'iiii;,',  tli<^  Jurist.  iiikI  jiliilnlo^'i.st ;  Aliicl  Alilxit,  ;  J.  M.  Kiiikiiiiiistcr,  the  itopii- 
lir 'liviiif ;  Jiiincs  Wiilkcr,  tin'  lJiiit;iriiin  tlinildj^imi  ;  Natlmii  l-oiil,  l>.  I>.,  IMp»1- 
iliiit  dC  Dartinoutli  College,  lN:;>s-(i;i;  A.  II.  KviTftt,  1.1..  !>.,  tlic  accnmiili.slied 
i|i|ili>iriaiist  (to  liclKiuiii,  M|i:iiii,  and  (,'liiiiii) ;  Natlian  Hale,  I.L.  !>.,  tlic  journalist ; 
l..vintt  Haltoiistall,  Lh.  D.  ;  .1.  CI.  Co^swfll,  LL.  I).,  of  Mif  Astor  Lltirary  ; 
T.  W.  i>(irr,  tilt!  U.  I.  iiisiirgtMit  (•  >vt  .Mior  ;  .1.  I',  ('iisliing,  PrcsiiliMit  ot  llaiiijMlfMi- 
hulai'y  r'ollf;,'!!,  Va.,  Is21-;i5;  I'lii'i  lort;  Lyman,  tlif  pliilaiitlirojiist ;  Aliilicus 
IVIiji,  iSi'nator  from  Mitliij^aii,  <\1  -M\  Cliarks  I'liino,  of  Vt.  ;  .Joliii  P.  Haiti, 
iiiif  of  tlio  Urst  anlisliivt^ry  st'natt>rs  (from  N.  11.,  \^M-M,  and  iH.'fi-tir)) ;  tlie 
I'liiint'ii*,  liistorians,  llicimrd  llililrt'tti,  .lared  Hparivs,  ami  tit!or>,'e  UaniToft ;  K  1- 
wiinl  liM'rett,  tlie  stalt'sman  ami  orator;  Diinitl  Wtlistt'r;  ami  Li'wis  Cass,  wlio 
WIS  Imiiii  at  Kxt'ti'r  in  17S2.  An  oMlicr  tlirim>,'li  tiu-  War  of  IMTJ,  (iovt-rnor  of 
.\li(  l]i,;,'an,  18l;>-ai,  Htit-rotarv  o'' War  nntli-r  .Jaikson,  Minister  to  Frame,  l>s;j(j- 
\i,  Cass  camt'  near  beinx  eh-  I'residt'nt  t)f  tlio  U.  M.  in  1H4S.  rt!<'t'ivin>{  l:{7  elec- 

toral votes  to  l(i;t  K'ven  for  vieu.  Taylor.  lie  was  U.  S.  Henator,  184r)-8,  and 
18.')l-7,  and  frt)m  IS.");  to  Det;.,  18(50,  was  Heeretary  of  iState.  Ills  iittliey  wiw 
stcailily  pnt.slavery,  but  lie  favored  the  national  f,'overnmentiliirinj,' the  Uelieilion. 
He  (lii'd  in  lS(i(l,  at  Detroit,  where  ^A  years  hefort;  he  had  ticen  niiido  prisoner  l>y 
till-  Itritish  (with  the  whole  Army  of  the  Northwest)  while  a  capUiia  in  the  ;iil 
Ohio  Keaiment. 

K.M'ter  is  a  beautiful  and  elm-shaded  villajjo  in  a  level  farming-town, 
ami  lia.s  the  county  buildings,  8  churches,  3  banks,  a  newspaper,  a  lii},di- 
scliool,  several  prosperous  factorit;s  (cottons,  woollens,  paper,  br.ass, 
iiiacliinery,  etc.),  antl  many  hanilsome  resiliences.  It  is  10  M.  from  llye 
Biacli,  and  9  from  Hampton.  Phillips  Academy  has  neat  modern  build- 
iiij^s,  on  a  campus  adorned  with  venerable  elms.  It  has  about  200  stu- 
dents, and  has  educatetl  over  4,000.  The  Robinson  Female  Seminarij  is  also 
in  tlie  village,  and  has  a  stately  building  ami  a  rich  endowment,  providetl 
by  Wni.  Robinson.     It  was  opened  in  1869,  and  has  about  240  students. 

Sta;;e.s  run  from  Exeter  to  Kensim^ton,  Ameshiiry,  Salisbury,  and  Newburyport 
(S'C  Uoute  .37) ;  to  Kingston,  Sandown,  Brentwood,  Chester,  and  Fremont,  tri- 
Wfikly  ;  and  to  Hampton  Beach  (see  Uoute  37)  semi-daily  in  summer  and  Sep- 

U'iiil)i'i-. 

Stations,  S.  Newmarket,  and  Newmarket  Junction  (restaurant),  where 
the  Cnnconl  and  Portsmouth  track  crosses  the  present  route.  New^ 
iwrk  (Newmarket  House)  is  a  village  containing 

cotton  uiid  lumber-mills. 

Tri-wcekly  stages  run  from  Newmarket  to  Lee,  Nottingham,  Northwood, 
F'psom,  Chiehe.ster,  and  Concord. 

Station,  Durh'in.,  the  old  Oyster  River  settlement,  many  of  whose  people 
^ere  killed  in  various  Indian  raids  during  King  Philip's  War.  In  1695, 
the  village  was  carried  by  assault,  though  defended  by  12  garrison-houses, 
and  nearly  100  of  its  jteople  were  killed  or  captured.  The  town  is  now 
Kiiovn  Tor  its  excellent  hay-crops,  which  are  tjbtained  from  tlh*  deep 
3i?iliaoeous  loam  along  the  Oyster  River.  Over  1,000  tons  are  exported 
annually.    Stations,  Madbury,  and  Dover  {Ainerican  House  ;  Neio  Hamp- 


ir 


I    ! 


it'  m   I 


**IM 


282     Haute  38. 


DOVER. 


] 
1 

* 

im  U  V 

ma) 

j 

*    '     \- 

1 
1 

ll 

:^h 

i 

shire  House),  a  busy  city  at  the  lower  falls  of  the  Cocheco  River.  Dover 
has  over  12,000  inhabitants,  3  banks  (3  savings-banits),  10  clmrclies,  3 
weekly  papers,  and  extensive  manufactories.  The  Cocheco  Mills  employ 
1,000  hands  and  50,000  spindles,  with  a  capital  of  $  1,300,000,  and  make 
11,000,000  yards  of  cotton  cloths  yearly,  llorse-cars  (6  cents)  run  2i  M. 
from  the  Sawyer  woollen  mills  to  Garrison  Hill,  the  site  of  a  colnniid 
fortress;  from  the  tower  on  the  hill,  348  ft.  above  tide-water,  one  can  t^eo 
the  White  Mts.,  Agamenticus,  the  Shoals,  aad  the  open  sea. 

Dover  is  the  oldest  place  in  the  State,  having  been  settled  in  the  spririf;  nf 
1623,  on  the  point  of  laTid  at  the  confluence  of  tlie  Newiohawainiick  ami  Hil- 
laniy  Rivers  (4  M.  S.  E.  of  tlie  city).  The  pioneer  colony  was  composed  of  Kjiis- 
copalians  sent  over  by  the  Laconia  Company,  and  tliey  had  much  trouble  with 
the  Mass.  Puritans.  In  1641,  Dover  was  annexed  by  Mass.,  and  in  1679  was  le- 
tunied  to  N.  H.  The  people  had  a  man  to  "  beate  the  drumme  on  Lord's  days  to 
give  notice  for  the  time  of  meeting  "  luitil  1665,  when  they  built  "a  Tenett  iiiiou 
the  meitting  house  for  to  hang  the  Bell."  In  1657  they  "  chose  by  voet  a  fScnell- 
master,"  and  in  1653  they  built  the  meeting-house  "  40  foote  longe  and  2C  fncte 
wide."  Major  Walderne  settled  on  the  present  site  of  the  city,  and  built  a  stimig 
garrison-house.  Here  he  was  visited  in  1676,  during  a  time  when  peace  r(ij;iieil 
in  this  region,  by  400  Indians,  two  companies  of  troops  being  with  him.  He  won 
the  confidence  of  the  Indians,  and  arranged  a  sham-hght  between  them  and  tlie 
colonial  soldiers.  When  their  guns  were  discharged  the  troops  rushed  in  ami  ilis- 
armed  them,  after  which  200  were  sent  to  Bo.«ton  as  prisoners.  Several  of  tluse 
were  executed  on  Boston  Common,  and  the  remainder  were  sold  into  sla\ iry  in 
the  West  Indies.  13  years  later  a  powerful  Indian  force  seized  Dover  by  ni^tlit, 
and  destroyed  4  garri.sons,  killing  23  and  capturing  29  persons.  Walderne.  then 
74  years  old,  and  commander  of  the  forces  of  N.  H.,  they  captured,  and  placed 
in  a  chair  on  a  table  within  his  own  hall,  where  they  slowly  slashed  him  to  death. 
The  town  was  the  object  of  other  disastrous  attacks  during  the  Indian  wars,  but 
was  never  abandoned  by  its  intrepid  people. 

Tri-weekly  stages  run  from   Dover  to  Barrington  and  Strafford  (Bow  Lake 
House),  near  Bow  Lake  (which  covers  1,625  at  res),  and  the  Blue  Hills, 
Dover  to  Portsmouth,  by  railway  (see  page  418). 

Dover  to  Lake  Winnepesavkee. 

Tlie  Dover  and  Winnepesaukee  Railroad  run'i  to  Alton  Bay  (28}  M).  Stations, 
Pickering's,  and  Gonic  (with  stages  running  to  Barrington,  Stratford,  and  Barn- 
stead).  At  Rochester  (see  page  213)  connet^tions  are  made  with  the  Portsniimtli, 
Great  Falls,  and  Conway  R.  R.,  and  with  the  Portland  and  Rochester  R.  R. 
Stations,  Place's,  and  Farmington  ('Elm»Hottse),  a  shoe-manufacturing  villai;!'  near 
^le  Blue  Hills,  or  Frost  Mts.  From  the  loftiest  of  these  hills,  Mt.  Monudnotk, 
the  White  Mts.,  and  the  ocean  may  be  seen  on  a  clear  day. 

Henry  Wilson  was  born  at  Farmington  in  1812.  He  was  educated  with  money 
earned  by  his  own  labor,  and  settled  at  Natick  (Mass.)  in  1838,  as  a  slmi'iiiaker. 
Declaring  himself  an  uncompromising  foe  of  negro  slavery,  his  abilities  sonn  wen 
him  honorable  fame  in  the  State  politics,  and  after  rising  from  one  ottiee  to  .in- 
other  for  15  yeara,  he  was  ciiosen  U.  S.  Senator  in  1855.  In  1872  he  was  decteil 
Vice-President  of  the  U.  S.  His  most  distinguished  senatorial  labors  were  iu 
connection  with  the  antislavery  movement  and  the  Kansas  troubles,  enianoipa- 
tion,  reconstruction,  and  the  conduct  of  the  war. 

After  leaving  Farmhigton  tlie  line  passt  •.  three  mral  stjitions,  and  stops  at  Al- 
ton Bay,  on  LaTce  Winnepesaukee.  Tlie  Bay  View  House  is  located  hero  (*  li"'" 
a  week  and  upwards),  and  has  a  large  livery  stable  attached,  with  pleasant  drives 
in  the  vicinity.    (See  page  218). 

Stages  run  from  Alton  to  the  three  villages  (North,  Centre,  and  Parade)  "f 
Barnstead  ;  to  Pittafleld,  15  M  ;  to  Lake  Village  and  Laconia,  18-20  M. ;  ancit" 
Wolfboro,  10  M. 


The  / 

drains, 
Centre  J 

Tliefi 

«  braiicJ: 

Salmon 

After  I 

reaclicfl. 

"f  the  .Ua 

Xenaebuj 

/  M.  from 

''  the  grej 

ami  kvUiti 

'ire  the  G/( 

and  other  1 

cliffs  of  th 

sii'iinier-viIJi 

^"'^i^%  hat 

^''"»  a'o,s.se.s 

B'Jdeford  an 

'"OW-Orchai 

l"|ii   n«-    '^"'  " 

L   •'"."'f'IrJOrJ 
hi„      'h'l  iJead 

I      ''^H'  rill, 

'^■"'"'ffe,  and 


OLD  ORCHAKD  BEACH 
T),„fl      ,  ^^AtH.  Route  38.     2^'\ 

The  fine  iron  steamer  "urt  w    v.  °-     -^OJ 

-  o.l,er  hoteU  (»  7  - 15  rwe4^"Tf  1'°'°'  '^'''''  «--<'"  Selvi^' 
''*  °f  tl.«  ,„.o„,„„,„,j,  f„;„f  •  .  T'''  '™B  I'oaci.e,  and  ia-le,  "^ 

sniiinier-villaTe  ),««   i,      ^        "'   ""''^«  combination.!  nf  .  '^'^PeiUng 

bontin-    I,.?!?  ^'"   ^^^'^ted  here      Th^  In  ?  '°'"'''>''   ^nd  a 

"•^ti'ig,  bathing,   and  tishin-  hav/n     ,  ""^^  "'''  «»<i  facilities  for 


Tl»  B„„„„  ..  „  '""  '*■  ™'- '  """  ""•■  ""■"'"o'" 

I""  »»'.  at  tlieml  h  i^Xi",'*-""""''  "-^K"  J»  fr„    'ti'jr^''  "1*''  l'«- 


'    f  , 


(i 


I 


1 


.%' 


'■  nil  lit' 


284    Route  S9. 


LAKE  SEBAGO. 


39.  Portland  to  the  White  MountaU.^ 


" ^    i»-««v  Ti-  S.  Windham,  11; 

T,    «r  M    Transfer :  W^estbrook,  5  ,  »•  .     ^^ 


«».  «.i«.«a  —Portland  to 
Stations.      r",„.„„e  aail 

'^  T,       ain  leave,  «.e  umo;;  rtat.™  -  PoHJ-^^  .„^^,.^„„,,,  ,„„ 

I"*      ,  ^.;n»,.es  in  wliicU  are  manulaewire  i„„eu5e  qnmtiti" 

ntn  g  oS,  with  large  ,«a„t,t.so    V^^^-J^^,^^,„„  „,  w.,.- 
^fea2d  goo.l»  are  prepared  l.ere  and  the  tot  ,„_;„,,„„ 

loU  amount  to  *  3,600,000  f  "'y- JtJ  a  Mass.  fort.    The  0,-Ul 
^S  was  settled  in  1737  and  guarded  by  ^^^^^  ^^  ^,_^ 

;tderWorUsareiocate,  h^«  andthe^^,^_^^^  ^,^^.^^  ^^^^_  ^„,  ^^,, 

Bcott  Eiver  are  S.  ot  ' '^    ;j,„is„„. 
Lake,  whence  steamers  leave  lor  n 

lake  '-ehago  „ 

,„„st.    When  the  loader  par    ot  ^^.^^^^._^^^_  _,^^^ 4,,,     ,,.,,, 

p.,ttlMnake  Mt.  is  seen  ;  and  m  rue  ^^^  „„  ,.  t»c  u 

wS  tome  of  Nathaniel  Hawthorne    ^^^    »    .,,  „  ...^  „„„  „,.,■ 

to'  ey  Islands.     The  scenery  ""  *«  J^/ J,  ,,„,„  which  the  eye  r,- 
SUaclcMt.,inBaldwm  .srlanlyv,,b   ,         ^.^^^  and  f« 

"•  ^-  '■Srf.i'S:tp2^erm.,i,eyo,awh.h  tUe™^^ 

rrMt"rrC(Pe.na»Ue^s^^^^^^^^^^^ 

^hl  the  White  Hills  may  ^e—y^^^^^ 

me  passage  across  Sebago      a  ^et      ^^_^^.^^_^  ^^^^_^  p,,,^,.  1 

which  the  stean.er  -    -  «  ^^U  of  the  river,  and  yet  -m      "^ J 
91  M    as  the  crow  flies,  to  tne  ^^,  .„-„tg  of  farm  and  torcsi,  b     1 

all  make  27  turns."    Picturesque  ^^'^J^^Jl^,,,,  waters  pU'asa"t  a 

novel.     0  JM.  ir"'  ^  .^  •  ^  rises  aliout  60  w.  ^t  i 

Crooked  or  Pequawket  River    v  u  ^^^   ^^^  ^^^^^^^^       ,e      _ 

Albany.     After  rising Jv-aH^^^^^^^^  .^  ^^^^^^  ^^;,,  j/o..).a^» 

the  Bay  of  Naples,  near  the  heart  0 


i».toi3Mmiiij!r 


FRYEBURG. 


Raute  39.     285 


village  in  a  fanning  town.  Before  stopping  at  this  place,  the  steamer 
passes  through  a  drawbridge,  and,  after  leaving  it,  it  steams  out  on  Long 
Lake.  This  is  a  river-like  expanse  of  water  12  - 14  JVI.  long  and  less  than 
2  M.  wide.  9  M.  from  Naples  the  boat  stops  at  Bridgton,  whence  a  stage 
runs  1  M.  W.  to  Bridgton  Centre  {Bridgton  House  ;  t'lunhcrland  House), 
This  is  an  important  manufacturing  village,  with  a  weekly  paper,  a 
pavings-1)ank,  and  three  churches,  in  a  town  originally  called  Fondicherry, 
from  the  abundance  of  small  ponds  and  wild  cherries  found  there.  This 
village  has  become  somewhat  of  a  summer  resort  in  a  quiet  way,  from  its 
vicinity  to  the  lake  and  to  picturesque  hill-scenery.  The  next  stopping- 
place  on  the  lake  is  N.  Bridgton  (Lake  House). 

To  the  N.  is  Waterford,  the  birthplace  of  Artemas  Ward,  Major  Jack 
Downing,  and  Cyrus  Hamlin,  a  very  picturesque  region  of  lakes  and 
mountains,  with  the  Waterford  House,  Pine-Grove  House,  Bear-Mt.  House, 
and  otiier  summer-resorts,  and  the  Maine  Hygienic  Fustitute.  Stages  hencfi 
daily  to  Harrison,  Bridgton,  and  Norway  (10  M.).  Harrison  {Elm  Hou<e\ 
lb  tilt  end  of  the  steamboat-route. 

Tlio  Briilfjton  and  Saco  River  R.  R.  is  a  new  narrow-gn.ige  route  frorr 
Biidiiton  Junction,  beyond  W.  Baldwin  (on  the  P.  &  O.  R.  R.)  to  Bridg 
ton(lGM.;  1  hr.). 

Alter  leaving  the  Lake  Sebago  Station,  the  train  passes  the  stations 
RichvlUe  and  Steep  F<dls,  in  the  town  of  Standish,  which  was  granted  \c 
and  settled  by  veterans  of  the  Louisburg  campaigns,  and  named  after  the 
Pilgrim  cajjtain.  Beyond  Steep  Falls,  the  line  follows  the  valley  of  the 
Saco,  and  passes  through  the  town  of  Baldwin  (stations,  Bcddunn  and  W. 
Mdxdn).  The  Great  Falls  of  the  Saco  are  seen  from  the  train  beyond 
W.  Baldwin,  near  which  the  Ossipee  River  meets  the  Saco.  The  ri\  er 
falls  72  ft.  in  several  successive  pitches.  The  train  now  enters  the  town 
of  Hiram,  on  narrow  intervales  along  the  Saco,  and  stops  .it  Hiram  Bridge 
(.1//.  CxUler  House).  As  the  train  crosses  the  old  pine-plains  of  Hiram 
and  enters  Brownfield,  occasional  glimp'<es  are  caught  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  a 
jbg,  isolated  ridge,  over  2,0U0  ft.  high,  commanding  a  noble  view  of 
Itlie  White  Mts.  and  the  lake-country  of  W.  Maine.  On  its  crest  is  the 
Mi-Pleasant  House  (75  guests;  ^12  a  week),  a  commodious  hotel  reached 
Ibvjtage  from  Bridgton  (10  M.).  The  principal  view  is  to  the  N.  W.  along 
Itlie  clustering  peaks  of  the  White  Mts.  fetation,  Brownfield  ( Uberty 
lUmt),  whose  farm-houses  admit  many  sunu>ier  visitors.  Burnt  Meadow 
[silFiost  Mts.  being  the  principal  objects  of  interest.  Stages  leave  daily 
P'lr  Denmark. 
Tlie  pi  I  ins  along  the  river  grow  wider  and  more  productive,  as  the 
sin  passes  on  to  Fryeburg  {Fryeburg  House),  a  pretty  village  "  on  a 
road,  level  plain,  slightly  elevated  above  th.3  intervales  of  the  Saco, 
Jliich  encloses  it  in  one  of  its  huge  folds."  Many  summer  visitors  rest 
'the  comfortable  old  hotel,  w^ile  ot>^  irs  are  quartered  in  the  boarding- 


I 


■■/ 


286    Route  39. 


FRYEBURG. 


PC 


houses  which  are  found  in  the  village.  Tlie  intervales  of  Fryeburg  are 
noted  for  their  richness  ar.d  beauty,  and  contain  Mearly  10,000  acres,  wliich 
are  annually  overflowed  and  fertilized  by  the  Saco.  On  these  mead'^ws  is 
the  winter  home  of  large  droves  of  cattle  who  graze  on  the  n^ountaiiis 
during  the  summer.  There  are  several  thousand  acres  of  forest  in  the 
town  and  it  is  claimed  that  Fryeburg  has  more  standing  timb^i  now  tliau 
it  had  40  years  ago.  The  principal  points  for  excursions  are  ,jtark's  Hill 
(500  ft.  high),  Jockey  Cap,  and  Pine  Hill,  eminences  near  the  village,  wliich 
command  panoramic  views  of  the  distant  White  Mts.  and  of  C'hoconia. 
Mt.  Pleasant  is  9  M.  to  the  E.,  aid  is  often  visited  for  the  sake  of  its 
noble  ove.'-view,  and  Lovewell's  Pond  is  near  the  village  (by  the  Pine 
Street  road). 

Capt.  Jolin  Lovewell,  tl'.e  son  of  an  ensign  in  Cromwell's  Puritan  army,  was  an  able 
partisan  oflicer  of  the  colonies.     In  Ai)ril,  1725,  he  led  46  men  from  the  Muss.  Iron- 
tier  towns  by  a  long  and  arduous  march  into  tlie  heart  of  the  Pequ.awket  fountiy. 
After  marching  over  100  M.,  they  reached  Saco  (now  L-'vewell's)  Poiul  witli  h 
men,  and  here  they  encamjieu  for  'id  hoin-s,  near  the  chief  village  of  the  Imlians. 
On  Saturday,  May  8,  while  they  were  assembled  around  Uie  chaplain  ou  the 
beach,  and  ere  the  morning  devotions  had  been  finished,  d  g'ln  was  heard  ami  an 
Indian  was  seen  watching  them.     They  left  their  pacl<s  v.i-m-  the  jiond,  and  aij- 
vanced  toward  tlie  intervales,  but  met  an  Indian  in  the  fo"i'.->t  who  shot  and  iikh- 
tally  wounded  Lovewell,  thougli  his  own  death  followed  quickly.     Meantime  the 
Sachem  Paugus  and  80  warriors  had  found  and  counted  tlie  packs  and  laid  an 
ambuscade    near  them,   wliich   com]>letely  entrapped  the  Americans  on  tiioir 
return.    The  magnanimous  Paugus  ordered  his  men  t:i  tire  over  the  heads  of  tlie 
invaders,  and  then  to  biml  them  with  ropes.     With  liorrid  yells  the  Indians  leaped 
forth  and  aslied  Lovew(dl  if  lie  would  have  quarter.     "  Only  at  the  muzzles  of 
your  guns  !  "  shouted  the  brave  cai)tain,  and  led  his  ruen  i-gainst  the  unprepared 
enemy.     TJiey  drove  the  Indians  some  rods,  but  wero  repulsed  by  a  fierce  cmmter- 
charge,  in  wliich  Lovewell  and  8  of  his  men  were  killcil.     Then  the  Americans 
retreated  slowly,  lighting  iiuh  by  inch,  to  a  iiosition  with  the  pond  on  tlnMr  rear, 
Battle  ..reek  on  the  r    .,    .    ,)cky  Point  on  the  1.     This  sheltered  i)ositii>n  they 
maintained  for  eighi.  i'  >>i,-'  against  (continual  assaults,  and  at  sundown  the  In- 
dians retreated,  leaving    '  .     led  and  woundetl,  including  Paugus,  who  fell  late  in 
the  contest.     Throughout  the  long  day  the  yells  of  the  Indians,  the  clieeis  of  the 
Americans,  and  the  pattering  of  musketry  resounded  through  the  forest,  wl.ile 
Chaplain  Frye,  mortally  wounded  while  fighting  among  the  foremost,  was  nfteu 
heard  praying  for  victory.     In  the  moonlit  midnight  hour  the  provincials  re- 
treated, leaving  15  of  their  numjber  dead  and  dying  on  the  field,  whih;  10  of  the 
19  others  were  wounded.     After  suffering  terribly  on  the  retreat,  the  little  InnJ 
leached  the  settlements.     The  battle  at  Pequawket  filled  the  northern  tribes  with 
fear,  and  caused  some  of  them  to  move  to  Canada.     A  long  and  moiiint'iil  ballaJ 
of  30  stanzas  (like  the  old  Scottish  ballad  of  Chevy  Chase)  commemorutes  tliii 
forest-light. 

"  Whnt  time  the  noble  Lovewell  came 
With  fifty  men  from  Dunstablti, 
T.ho  cruel  Pe'nia't  tribe  to  tarie 
With  arms  and  bloodshed  terrible. 

"  Ahl  many  a  wife  shall  rend  her  hair, 
And  many  a  child  cry  '  Woe  is  mel' 
When  mcsseiipers  tlio  news  Bbnll  bear 
Of  Lovewell's  dear-bought  victory. 

"  With  footsteps  low  shall  tr.nvellers  ro 

Where  i.ovewell's  Pond  shines  clour  and  bright, 
And  marit  the  place  where  those  are  laid 
Who  fell  in  Lovewell's  bloody  fight," 

Fryeburg  was  granted  to,  settled  by,  and  named  for.  Gen.  Joseph  Frye,  of  An- 


dover,  '. 
only  to 
which  t 

iincoJii 
%e, "  IV) 
sfream  o| 
"'•f/'ers,'!/ 

^o'"'l.St  «( 

./O'ubur 

Marthu'g  ( 

Cotta^re  P^. 

^'li/y  sta 

'"ui  Kcztic 
'.are  fine, 
and  L>per  \ 


,.  ^''a  ^'le  Gran 

hours.  Q^ 

«na  Docks,  d 
J'aci-  Cove.  1' 
^''<  "ear  Ca,sJ 

^tatjoii,  iV; 

fT  ^''^^>  ^^^ 
^"'^'an  n-ars     , 

7'-"'^^iroI,J« 

*iist.s;verej 

J  '''•"^-^^•o'-n,  fro] 
r'^fru  7.;'  *«•;  a 


:>*y9rw^ 


PORTLAND  TO  OUERW.   a  vr^ 

H^iLBhO  AND  MONTR  Pi  T 


/■-HeoJl!''f,'^''  *"  **"*'"^  -^O  Montreal 

*  r,r'  1^"*'^ ""'"^ »s™f ',: i ;  I""'-'" '"''•  «'"- 


:i,  J 


J « 


ii 


;  'W,i 


ii;,.fi 


S'  ■'■  I 


:i 


U 


fi« 


■A  JilSj 


288     Route  ItO. 


BETHlil^ 


288       Route  ^y-  Buckfleldwasthe 

Srthplace  "f.^Sby^b^^  ^mall-pox  "•.  ^'f ' '/^^re  Androscoggiu  Uiver. 
::::^^S^^^^^'    "^^^::T;    r^  oxford  (/..^e  //ou.),  fro. 
The  next  station  on  the  Grand    lr>  nk  -  ^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^ 

^S  dailv  stages  run  to/^'^-l/-    '   ^Z'^-;^,,  village,  >vUh  nv^nnuuture, 

Station/S.  Paris  (^'^'/'■<'«'«  ^^T  Ji'oM  Toug  load,  to  Norway  I /^V-';  .• 

and  a  a,:c  country  trade.    A  -'^-^^Vltnesrewassee  Pond,  with  cla^ly 

fLu  a  Fosperous  tactory-town  nea    I  c"  ^^^^  ^^^^^^  ^  .^^^ 

i^iw),  a  pi     '  fj^.    Harrison,  lindgton, eiv..  ..    jjjr.    Tliis  is 

„,h.orab.    1'    » ;; ,r  g,„„ued  Mt.  »  near  by,  »"f  «  "^^  [o  „..J/„.«(«i. 

rM  . .  K.ioe  and  others,  whicn  \  i^'"  .    ^     .rrandest  ni  .N<-W  1.1..- 

Glass-iace.ami      *«^;i -TaUs  have  been  callctt     i'"^  »  Thr.  ao«ceiito{ 

pond  itself  i.  a  Fettv  >>'=J  ~'a.,ft.i    Ilon«,    "^'^T"       i 

comiort,  qniei)  a.Ri  ,  Hcinuiitail 

price  of  86-10.00  a  ,veA^^  ^„„„,y„„  account  o."»1 

Betliel  has  often  been  liUenedt  ,  j,„,„  m      1 

.icv,  and  ricb  '"*«t:'cet,-V     nd\;e^=ne£bl,,.in.1.;™,.    J 
here  to  enjoy  the  »''vl'«X„v  Basms,  "l.ere  the  I'ecinawUt  »    J 

worn  a  wonderful  sene  diameter,     18  M.  :N.  i^-  ^         ,1, 

which  is  70  ft.  deep  and  40 Jt  ^,,  the  llv.-io"^ 

good  road,  and  through  ideasant  ^| 


Id  was  tha 

ui»i<:t  the 
liver. 

ll(lU^t■)• 

^  {vom  every 

bounty  1)">W- 
,Vm;  audtlie 

is  Mt.  >i'*^»' 

re  wineva^s  m 
,  1,800  U.W>'> 

:'    D\Klie\>\,a"^ 

us  fvom  ^^^;^^^ 

jg  _\YUUeUP, 
ufblnebevvie^an- 

,    T;ucac?cenlo 

,„.es  over  ragsei 

7descentonO-^ 

Laretbveetaven- 

iea.eBea,a.^Yl 

Iccomiuo'V^Uu.^    I 
1     n,  of  a^i^)^^^  "    I 

lie  --^^\t7 
|u  for  the  u>- .^1 

PequaNvU^  ,. 


GILEAD. 


Bethel  to  Lake  Utabigog. 


Route  40.     289 


Semi-weekly  stage  to  Upton,  at  the  foot  of  the  hike,  in  26  M.  ;  fare,  S'i.SO.  The 
country  traversed  is  mostly  in  a  wild  state  ami  thinly  populated,  but  affords  some 
strikiiif^  river  and  mountiiiu.  scenery.  'Vlw.  Audroscog.i^'in  is  followed  for  0  M.  to 
.S.  y'cwrn  (small  inn),  after  whi(!h  tl-e  roiid  lies  near  tlie  Bear  River,  and  6  M.  be- 
yoiul  S.  Newry,  Bartlctt's  Poplar  T"vern  is  i)assed.  The  Hcniw  Anger  Falls  are 
iilidiit  H  M.  from  tliis  jioint,  and  nr'ar  Fanning's  Mills.  Beyond  tlie  Tavern  the 
liii;li  liills  of  Grafton  (chief  among  which  are  Speckled  and  Saddleback  Mts.)  ap- 
jiciir  til  cliise  across  tlie  road.  But  tlie  Bear  River  is  closely  followed  into  Graf> 
ton  Notch,  a  lonely  ]iass  among  the  frowning  hills.  The  remarkaiile  water- 
giiifiu  known  as  Moose.  Chasm  is  situated  in  this  notch.  The  small  Cambridge 
Ihvcr  is  now  approacheil,  and  in  its  valley  the  road  i)asses  on  to  the  lake.  Tlie 
towiisliip  of  Upton  ('ormerly  Letter  B.  Plantation,  and  ina<le  a  town  in  1800)  is 
now  entered,  and  the  stage  stojis  at  the  Lake  House,  on  tiie  shore  of  Umbagog. 
Tlit'ie  are  two  other  inns  in  this  town,  which  has  180  inhabitants.  A  steamer 
kavi's  the  Lake  House  on  the  arrival  of  the  stage,  and  runs  to  Errol  Dam  (in  N. 
II.),  a  rude  lumbermen's  village,  with  two  inns.  Dixville  Notch  is  10  M.  N.  W. 
(if  Eirol,  and  the  handsome  village  of  Colebrook  is  "20  iM.  from  Errol  (by  the  Notch 
ruad).  From  Bethel  to  Colebrook  (see  page  243),  the  distance  is  about  60  M.  (the 
excursion  is  not  recommended  for  ladies). 

Tlie  .steamer  ascends  the  Magalloway  River  from  Errol  Dam  to  Durfee's  I^and- 
ing  (12  M.),  whence  adventurous  parties  of  gentlemen  have  ascended  to  Parma- 
dione  Luke  and  Camel's  RumpMt.,  which  overlooks  a  wide  and  desolate  wilder- 
ness (see  Harper's  Magazine,  Vol.  XX.). 


Bethel  was  .settled  in  177:^  imder  the  name  of  Sudburj'-Canadi,  ani'  here,  in 
nsi,  orcurred  the  last  Indian  dejiredation  in  Maine,  when  a  small  v  .ir-party 
from  St.  Francis  plundered  the  outlying  houses,  killed  tliree  men,  and  1  d  three 
jirisoners  to  Canada. 

The  next  station  beyont'  Bethel  is  GHead,  a  small  villai^e  on  tlit.  fertile 
Androscoggin  meadows,  b/'tween  two-  ranges  of  siiag.:xy  mountains.  It 
was  named  for  a  great  balm-">f-Gilead  tree  within  its  borders,  and  in  the 
early  years  was  almost  rendered  untenable  by  bold  raids  of  bears  with 
V'hicli  tile  liills  were  infested.  On  the  niglit  of  the  .  »'illey  slide  in  the 
Wliite  Mt.  Notch  (1826),  immense  avalanches  fell  from  the  mountains  of 
Oilead,  especially  from  Picked  Hill.  "  The  darkness  was  so  intense  as 
almost  to  he  felt.  The  vivid  lightnings  and  long  streams  of  fire  covering 
j  the  sides  of  the  mountains  caused  by  the  concussion  of  the  rocks,  only 
I  served  to  make  the  darkness  more  visible.  The  valley  rocked  as  though 
[iueartliquake  were  shaking  tlie  earth." 

Beyond  Bethel  the  railway  passes  the  village  of  W.  Bethel  and  runs 

|ftrougli  the  glens  of  Gilead  to  Shel  irrne  (Winthrop  House).     From  this 

point  tlu!  mountain-views  on  the  S.  W.  are  fine,  and  the  train  runs  down 

pther.  bank  of  the  Androscoggin,  with  Mt.  Moriah  on  the  1.  and  Mt. 

'I'lytsou  the  r.,  to  Gorhain  (s<'c  pu^c  227).     Station,  Berlin  Falls  (small 

l">lei),  near  the  famous  Falls  on    he  river,  and  next  to  Berlin  is  Mllan^ 

lOnthepl  liijs  of  Lttinber-dy."     The  view  down  the  river  from  Milan  is 

f f}' t'eautil -d,  inoh.ding  the  vast  forms  of  Mts.  Washhigton,  Adams,  and 

Tadison.     t^  of  Milan  is  the  town  of  Success   wiili  5  inliabitants,  and 

•  of  Stark,  ti.»augh  which  the  train  passes  beyond  Milan,  is  the  towu 

13  ■ 


H, 


I  Y': 


290     Route  ^. 


ST.    HYACINTHE. 


3  : 


5  \ 


of  0<lell,  with  about  25,000  acres  and  1  inliabitant.     The  line  now  follows 

the  Upper  Ammtjuoosuc  River,  to  Northumberland,  and  tlience  passes  up 

the  1.  bank  of  tlif  Connecticut  lliver  tu  Stratford  and  N.  HlnUfvrd,  with 

tlie  Percy  Peaks  on  the  r.  (see  page  241^).     The  line  now  crosses  the  Hvlt 

and  runs  through  15  M.  of  uninhabited  forest  in  Vennont,  to  Island  Pond 

(•  Stewart    House,    100    guests);     a    village    erected    by 

the  railway,  which  has  si>acious  buildings  hero;   this  point  being  1-19 

M.  from  Portland  and  148  M.  from  Montreal.    The  border  custom-house  is 

located  here,  and  near  the  village  and  track  is  a  pretty  lake,  2  U.  long 

and  ^  M.  wide,  surrounded  by  a  hard,  smooth  beach  of  white  qmulz 

sand,  with  waters  abounding  in  fish.     About  12  M.  beyond  Island  Poiiti, 

the  train  passes  Norton  Pond,  and  enters  the  Dominion  of  Canada.  At 
Lennoxville  the  Passunipsic  R.  li.  (Route  24)  comes  in  from  the  S.  Sher- 
brooke  is  the  VV.  terminus  of  the  International  K.  R.,  running  (i!)  M.  to 
Lake  Mcgantic  (and  heading  for  Moosehead  Lake);  and  of  the  (^leboi 
Central  K.  R..  running  by  Lake  Aylmer  and  the  Chaiidiere  Valliy  to 
Qiiehee  (140  M.).  Bichmoud  (on  the  St.-Francis  River)  is  the  seat  of 
St. -Francis  College. 

The  Quebec  Branch  runs  76  M.  N,  E.  from  Richmond  to  Quebec. 
Station,  Danville,  a  pretty  rural  village,  with  beautiful  views  from  Clare- 
mont  Hill  and  the  Pinnacle  (which  is  3  M.  from  Danville,  and  rises  1,000 
ft.  from  the  plain),  Kingsey  Falls  are  7  M.  ilistant,  and  are  often  visitcii. 
Station,  Arthabaska,  whence  a  branch  road  runs  35  M.  N.  W.  down  the 
Becancour  viUey  to  Three  Rivers,  on  the  St.  Lawrence.  10  M.  E.  of 
Arthabaska  is  Rouillard  Alt.,  whence  a  broad  forest-view  is  gained,  ex- 
tending from  the  St.  Lawrence  40  M.  N.  W.  tn  i-h^  bright  Lakes  Aylintr , 
and  St.  Francis,  in  the  distant  S.  E.  The  train  now  passes  on  through  a  j 
thinly  pojjulated  country,  and  crosses  the  Chaudiere  River  about  8  M. 
from  Quebec  (2-3  M.  from  the  Falls),  and  near  the  point  where  the  Riviere  j 
du  Loup  Division  (125  M.  long)  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  diverges  toj 
the  N.E.  The  train  stops  at  Point  Levi,  opposite  Quebec,  ami  pa-^j 
sengers  are  carried  across  the  St.  Lawrence  in  ferry-boats. 

Quebec,  see  Route  56. 

From  Richmond  to  Montreal  the  distance  is  76  M.  (almost  due  ^\. 
After  passing  the  copper-mining  town  of  Acton,  the  train  reaches  S 
Hyaciuthe,  35  M,  from  Montreal.     This  is  a  curious  old  Franco-Caiial 
dian  Jty,  pleasantly  situated  on  the  plains  on  both  sides  of  the  Yania<k4 
River.     The  Cathedral  is  a  fine  building,  and  the  col'ege  is  one  of  ii| 
best  in  America.     "  The  course  of  studies  here  is  said  to  be  only  eqiialM 
by  the  best  Jesuit  colleges  in  France."    The  *  college  building  is  an  ii 
posing  structure  of  cut  stone,  700  ft.  long,  and  surmounted  by  a  cupo 
The  fertile  district  between  St.  Hyacinthe  and  Montreal  is  inliabiteJ 
the  descendants  of  the  old  French  immigrants,  preserving  their  langU'il 
customs,   and  religion  intact.      The  railway  stations  on  this  tract  ^ 
Soixante,   St.  Hilaire,   St.  Bruno,  St.  Hubert,  and  St.  Lambert. 


singular 

St.  Lam  I. 

Moutrt 

4LPt 

Poi  ejan 

The  trail 

•^"iict/ori,  ^v 

"'«  J/a.ne  ( 

utes  for  the 

thut  voiitti  a 

stopping  at  tl 

•/''"•  ^.  0.  H 

"'"'"■"snnin.st 

'"'•^-I.M.-n-neV. 
'^""""ission  at  I 

y'.inceJlor.sviJle 
""'""aiuled  e' 
''"'<•  "'«  wa    V 

''''"'  "e-vt  tljr^ 
""^'•eFaJJ,),,,, 

P^oaolies  the  An 
ftctnres.    tjj,- 

""^  ^"(iiaiLs 


18 

and! 


^'f  Missis 


s,  Jrij^ 


"isani- 


I  and 


^ea, 


•  I 


FARMINGTON. 


limte  41.     291 


3\y  fo\\o\v3 
i  passes  UV) 
[Jvfd,  wWi 
58  tAie  viv.;r 
jland  Pond 

tom-house  is 

.e,  2  M.  lon^ 
^.'hite  HUiivtz 

theS.    Slver- 

urn  »i'''  ^^-  ^" 
o    fee  U»ebec 

,m\  to  Quekc. 
lews  1-vom  Cluv 
and  vise*  1,^ 
are  often  visiU'  • 
^  Wr,  ao wn  w 

pe"  W  ^^•^^•"' 
.w  is  gained,  * 
;ivtLala.sA>Y 

liver  a\.out  b>^, 
,,vherctlieRivK 

ailwaydiver^^'^^1 
Quebec,  auiU^^  I 

its. 

t.  (almost  clue  H 
le  traivi  veucbe^SH 
t  old  Fnvnco-C^^"J 
llesoftUeY^H 

]to\eonlye.H 
St.  Lam^^'^' 


singular  mt8,  of  Bela>il,  Yaiuaska,  and  Rougemont  are  pnssed,  and  at 
St.  Lambert  the  train  crosses  the  St.  Lawrence  on  the  *  Victoria  Bridge. 
Montreal,  see  Route  54. 

41.  Portland  to  Farmington  and  the  Rangeley  Lakes. 

Poi  tland  to  Farniington,  83  M.  lu  4  hours  ;  to  the  Rangeley  Lakes,  I'iO  M. 

The  train  leaves  the  new  Union  Station  and  runs  over  Route  46  to  Leeds 
JiiiKtion,  where  it  passes  on  to  the  rails  of  the  Androscoggin  Division  of 
tlie  .Maine  Central  Railway.  At  Leeds  Junction  the  train  waits  15  ujin- 
utes  for  the  train  coming  via  Brunswick,  so  that  passengers  who  prefer 
that  route  can  use  it,  although  through  cars  to  Farniington  run  only  via 
Le^vi^ton.  For  the  next  12  M.the  line  runs  tliroi .^li  the  town  of  Leeds, 
stopping  at  the  stations,  C/'rtis  Cornei',  Lttds  Ctutre,  and  iV.  Leeds. 

Gen.  0.  0.  Howard  was  >>orn  at  Leeds  in  1830.  He  graduated  at  West  Point, 
Qiulwas  ail  instructor  thei.  iiitil  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  in  18()1.  Leading 
the  :^(1  Maine  Volunteer  Infantry  into  the  field,  he  won  distinction  and  a  general's 
ciiiimiission  at  Bull  Run,  and  lost  his  right  arm  at  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks.  He 
oiumiiiiidrd  the  11th  corps  of  the  Anny  of  the  Potomac  at  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellnrsville,  and  Gettysburg,  and  then  fought  in  the  Georgia  cami)aigns.  He 
cominaiidcd  the  right  wing  of  Shcrmiin's  army  in  the  march  to  the  sea,  and 
since  tlie  war  has  been  engaged  in  the  work  of  bettering  the  condition  of  the 
iie;,Toes  and  Indians. 

Tlie  next  three  stations  (Strickland's  Ferry,  E.  Livermore,  and  Liver- 
more  Falls)  are  in  the  long  town  of  E.  Livermore,  where  the  train  ap- 
proaches the  Androscoggin  River.  Livermore  Falls  is  devoted  to  manu- 
fiictures.  This  district  was  called  Rockoraeka,  or  "great  corn  land,"  by 
the  Inilians,  and  is  distinguished  for  its  fine  breeds  of  cattle. 

Just  aoro.'is  the  river  is  the  town  of  Livermore,  the  birthplace  of  the  brothers, — 
Israel  Wasld)unie,  Congres.sman,  1851 -(>1,  and  Gov.  of  Maine,  1801-3;  E.  B. 
Waslilmrne,  Congressman  from  Illinois,  1858  -69,  and  Minister  to  France,  1809-76, 
all  iilile  statesman  and  skilful  d'ploniatist  ;  and  0.  C.  Washburne,  Congressman 
(Mill  Wisconsin,  1856-02  and  1867-71,  a  successful  general  in  the  campaifois  in  the 
lowr  Mississippi  valley,  and  chosen  Governor  of  Wisconsin  in  1871.  There  is  a 
hiiiJjiiine  Gothic  public  iibr.iry  of  gninitc  erected  as  a  memorial,  on  the  Norluadd, 
Ibe  Washburne  estate,  with  line  p  irtrails. 

The  Rockomeka  is  a  summer-resort  at  Livermore  Falls. 

Stations,  Jay  Brid(je  and  N,  Jay,  with  great  granite-quarries  (stages  to 
pixlield  on  Route  40),  in  the  farming  town  of  Jay;  and  Wilton  (  Wilton 
iHum),  a  manufacturing  village,  from  which  daily  stages  run  W.  13  M.  to 
\^i\i (PUnsant-Fund  House),  on  the  shore  of  a  lake,  with  lofty  mts.  in  the 
biiniiy.  Hear  Mt.  is  on  the  S.,  Ben  Nevis  011  the  W.,  Metallic  Mt.  on  the 
P', and  Bald  and  Blue  Mts.  on  the  E.,  the  latter  being  nearly  3,000  ft, 
pove  the  sea,  and  2,'JGO  ft.  above  the  village.  Stages  run  to  Chesterville. 
Beyond  E.  Wilton,  the  train  crosses  the  Sandy  River  and  its  inter- 
jvales  on  a  broad,  curving  trestle,  and  stops  at  Farmingtc  1  (Stoddard 


i 


1 

•vW{ 

;l:| 

J 

^B  1 

hi 

t  \ .; 
'..■  \  ,■ 


.■m'' 


ii;i 
1,1 

I., 


ISIIW  liis 


V 


t  \ 


292      Route  41.        THE  RANOELEY  LAKES. 


House;  The  Willows).  The  town  lins  3,252  inhabitants,  witli  a  l.aiik, 
a  wceivl3'  paper,  and  6  cfiiirchos.  This  hri;,'ht  vilhi^'e  is  sitii.iod  „n 
the  favorite  grain-hmds  of  the  old  C^anihas  Indians,  and  hafl  also  a  im mtivc 
lumber-trade,  ilie  Western  State  Normal  School  is  located  here;  iiImi  tlie 
Little  nine  .Sehocd,  so  that  this  remote  villaj;»!on  the  ed^c  of  tlie  lon>t  Iuh 
somewhat  of  an  academic  air.  The  I'ranklin  t'ount^-  buildings  are  iil-n 
located  here. 

Stages  run  from  Farnilnfrtnn  to  Temple;  to  Now  Vineynrl.  New  Portltiinl.niil 
Kingflcld;  to  liidustrv  iiml  St.irk";  to  New  Sharon,  Rome,  Belgrade,  and  A  11:11. 1,1. 

New  Portland  ami  KiiinlieM  (Franklin  House)  fue  iiicturesiiue  ttut  lliinlv  piiim. 
lated  nit.  towns.  Near  KiuKfieM  on  tlie  W.  is  ilic  Mt.  .Abraham  U  iiil'c,  ;;,:!s;  ft. 
lii}{li.  The  natural  ami  civil  liistories  of  the  Maine  liorder  towns  ;tic  iiniii'ito. 
nously  alike.     They  were  mostly  settled  lietwccii  177'i  and  IHOO,  cxhihitnj  «  shuv 

growth   until  ISfi'),  and  tlien  t>eKnn  to  retroyneh;.     The  losses •asioniMl  l.y  iIk- 

war,  the  great  endgnition  westward,  ami  the  sterility  of  the  New  Ktii;l,iii)r  r;ue 
are  the  reasons  generally  assi^;ned  for  this  decadence,  while  the  severity  o|  the 
climate,  the  de.stniction  of  the  forests,  and  the  ■■  vhaustion  of  the  .soil,  aiv  vif- 
evident  natural  causes  of  decline.  Franklin  County,  tliroiipch  wliicli  tlie  jTcstnt 
route  is  laid,  had  nearly  2,0(10  more  inlialdtants  in  lN(iO  than  in  IS70,  jind  jn  tliiit 
same  de(!ade  the  State  lost  7,S72  in  iioimhiticm.  This  has  l)een  Maine's  loss,  Idit 
the  Union's  gain,  ajid  native.s  of  tins  Wtate  may  be  found  in  i)ost3  of  trust  aii  I 
honor  In  nearly  every  large  American  community. 

The  Rangeley  Lakes 

have  of  late  years  become  the  favorite  fishiny-ff round  of  New  Ijifjlaml, 
and  hotels,  cottages,  lodges,  and  cainjis  abound  on  their  beautiful  wumli  1 
capes  and  coves.  They  are  nearly  1,500  ft.  above  the  sea,  and  cover  tu 
square  miles,  abounding  in  trout  and  other  game-tisli,  and  surromided  bv 
great  unbroken  forests,  haunted  with  game.  A  quaint  little  lailinad  a- 
tends  from  Farmington,  passing  Strunt/  (stages  to  Freeman,  5  M.,  ami 
Salem,  9  M.,  near  Mt.  Abraham),  to  i^hiilipB  (*Tlie  Elmwovtl ;  /Jiinlm 
Jfoiitie),  a  lively  frontier-town,  with  2  churches,  a  paper,  and  miles  of  fer- 
tile farms.  A  road  and  path  lead  hence  to  the  crest  of  Mt.  lihie.  1  rmii 
Phillips  mon)ing  stages  to  Madrid  (Madrid  Hou.se),  across  the  ISecrii-Iiill 
spur  of  Saddle-back,  and  down  to  Greenvnle  {Green-\'(il('  Hdum).  wiii'iue 
a  road  of  3  M.,  and  a  steamboat  runs  down  Bangeley  Lake,  t)  M .  In'  3  .M., 
to  Jianyeley  (Kangelev-Lake  House;  Oquossoc  House),  a  small  iake-.'.iilt 
village.  10  M.  N.  is  kmneharjo  Lake,  and  7  M.  W.  is  The  Oiill<  f  (Mnmi- 
tain-View  House),  li  M.  from  Indian  Rock  and  Cam])  Kenntbtnju,  tlie 
headquarters  of  the  powertul  Oquossoc  Angling  Association.  Close  Ijvisi 
CupsHjAic  Ln1ce,r\c\\  in  scenery,  and  the  route  to  I'armaclienc  Lake  (17  .M. 
by  boat,  and  8  M.  of  hard  walking).  Mooselucmaguntic  Lake,  jii>t  Inf- 
low, is  traversed  by  a  steamer  touching  at  Kichaidson's  ('anip,  linj-'-l 
Cove,  Camp  Bema,*and  Upper  Dam,  where  there  are  snmll  inns  (sta;"! 
from  Camp  Bema  to  Byron,  10  M.).  This  is  the  largest  of  the  llan^'d'/f 
Lakes,  and  has  much  beautiful  scenery,  and  very  good  tishingaiul  iHiniii!.'i 

Below  the  Upper  Dam  is  Lake  Moflychiinkamunk,  5  M.  bv  U, 
for  trout  and  deer,  and  6  M.  from  Mt.  Aziscoiis;  and  below  this  is  WelO 

kenebacook  Lake.    There  are  small  steamboats  and  inns  on  boiii  t' 

lakes.    A  6-^L  road  leads  from  the  Middle  Dam  to  Lake  Umbagog  » 
steamer  runs  to  Upton  and  Errol  Dam  (see  pages  244  and  -J^li).  and  iipi"! 
lonely  Magallowaj'  River,  near  whose  head-waters  is  Lake  Parmacliei"' 

Another  favorite  route  to  the  Kangeley  Lakes  is  from  lirvant's  I'oud,  o"  , 
Grand  Trunk,  22  M.  N.  to  the  lovely  town  of  Andover  (French'.i  ]hlel:  ^'^ 
ver  House,  f  7-10  a  week),  whence  duily  buckboivrds  rv.i,  11  M.,  to  the  .-•• 
of  Welokenebacook,  connecting  there  with  the  steamboat  at    icon.    *'■'*"'„ 
ant's  Pond  (Glen-Mountain  House  1  the  stage  passes  through  Pin  Hook-  ana'' 
ford  (Rumford  Hotel),  and  ascends  the  Ellis-lliver  Valley  by  Lead  Mt.,  ^Mllt«^J 
and  other  peaks.     Stage-fnre,  to  Andover,  ^1.60  ;  theuee  to  S.  Arm,  SI*' 
road  fhuQ  Aadover  N.  leads  through  an  uabrokeu  vilderncss,  with  ykv^r 


mountain 

points  — 

i'.W.;  f,et 
Brook,  &o 


,  ".v  pitJier 

'"  i''  W.  to  ; 

"'w'alio/is 

Tho  .Some, 

K.  K   af 


O.il 
-t>  M. 

Skawheg-i 
S8-/0)   i, 
inhal)if,.,„tg_ 
'''■•'iVt's  its  in 

'^•iff.T-j.ou'er. 

'^■''n'e-s,  with  t 

f^lls  are  best 

^^i  or  from  th 

P^M.sant 


a  1 

a  h'liei 
^'iews 


J.SO), 


is  O^U 

"lie  tjip  '[.'  !<>'h  ,s] 

en""'  '^^ 


enti 


SKOWIIEGAX. 


Route  43.    293 


th  11  l':u>^> 
)  ft  \vuvutivc 

tic  t'oH'^t  lui^ 
Hgs  live  »!-" 

and  Aii'iu-iM, 

,iH  i>v.'  lu'iii';'"- 

I.  sfVfvity " 

\l(.  soil,  HV( 

usta  of  ivust  ai-l 


•csvllt 


>■ 


beivulUul  NVO.J; 

n\  suvvoiuHlfO 
little  u»i\v«;a«l  •> 

mtic  lake,  j"    , 

bMo« ;  ;>,:„„.,-^ 

^  t,  /'in  i;f\vuiW 
Ky  Lead  >^^''«^.rjO. 

letnesB,  >^'-" 


Dioutitains  Knd  notchei.  The  vicinity  of  Aiidoycr  is  full  of  tnturt'Sting  exrursioo- 
poiiit-i,  Wliittt-Cap  Mouutiilii,7  M.  (road  within  1  M.  of  top);  liliicl<  Kiook  Nutch, 
\)  M  ;  iM'twueu  Sawder  Ml.  uuU  lilue  Mt. ;  8aw>ur'a  Nutch  ;  the  Cuacudea  ou  Frj'v'a 

Uruolc,  &c. 

42.    Fortlaiid  to  the  Upper  Kennebec. 

By  cither  of  the  RouteH  46  or  47  to  Wuterviile,  and  tlience  by  a  branch  railroad 
ill  li)  M.  to  Ski)whc);:in.  This  line  {ihhso.s  nUmf;  the  r.  bunk  of  thu  Ivuniiebuc,  with 
tint  stations  of  Fiiirlleld,  Somerset  Mills,  and  I'islion  Ferry, 

Tliu  SointTsct  il  K.  runs  further  up  the  vjilU'y,  divert^iiiK  from  the  Muino  Centnil 
R,  It  iU  O.ikiand,  uud  pussiug  through  Nurridgewock,  Mudisou,  Aui<uu,  uud  N. 
Ausuu(2G  M.). 

Skowhegan  {TTixelton  House,  150  guests,  $10.50-14;  Hotel  Cohuitt, 
?H  12)  is  a  pleasant  villaj^e  in  a  prosperous  town  of  about  4,000 
inhal)it;iiits.  It  has  3  hanks,  a  weekly  paper,  and  5  churclie.s,  and 
derives  its  inii)oitanco  from  numerous  manufactories  situated  on  a  large 
ffator-itower.  The  Kennebec  here  falls  28  ft,  perjiendicularly  over  ragged 
Icil^'es,  with  a  picturesque  island  ending  at  the  crest  of  the  fall.  The 
fails  aie  best  viewed  from  the  point  near  the  site  of  the  Skowhegan  Ho- 
tel, or  from  the  carriage-bridge  below.  From  the  latter  point  tliere  is  a 
plensaiit  \  iew  down  the  river,  the  most  prominent  object  being  the  grace- 
ful raiiw;iy-bri(lge,  while  the  stream  is  narrowed  between  high,  rocky 
banks  like  a  western  cailou.  Tiiu  favorite  drive  is  to  Norriilgewock 
(5M,)  hy  a  line  river-road,  returning  ou  the  opposite  bank,  and  affording 
beautiful  views  of  the  blue  Kennebec. 

Stages  leave  Skowhegan  early  every  morning  for  Mad'txnn,  6  M. ;  Solon  (Solon 

Ilousf),  U;  Bint/ hum  (Hia^e  House,  where  dinner  is  taken),  22;  Cnrritunk  (V.nr- 

uty's  House),  2\:  and  The  Forks  (t'orka  Hotel,  loO  guests,  §0-14  a  week), 

4)  M  ,  at  the  confluence  of  tlio   Kennebec  and  Dead   Rivers.     Daily   stn>xes  from 

N  Anson  to  Solon  (8  M.),  connecting  with  above  route      Tri-weeklv  stafjes  from 

liie  Forks  to  Parlin  I'ond  (Parlin-Pond  House,  #5  - 14),  15  M. ;  Jurkmniitown 

I (AJams's  inn),  20  M  ;  Afoose  liU'cr,  30  M.  ;  Sandy  Bay,  or  Cannda  lload  (Hilton's 

inn),  44;   and   KtnneJ>ec   Line,  48.      Thence  Canadian  mail-stages  dewend  tlie 

Cnaudiure  Valley,  51  M.,  to  St.  Joseph  de  Beauce,  on  the  Quel)e«!  Central  It.  R. 

jlbere  is  a  practicable  carriage-road  ot  IGO  M.  front  Sko\vtie<?ati  to  Quebec.  traver.»ed 

hnnually  by  thousands  of  Canadians,  and  runuiug  for  GU  AI.  througli  a  continuous 

prtnch  settlement. 

Norridgewock  {Quinnebnssftt  House)  is  a  beautiful  rural  town,  on  the 

ISflmerset  Kailroad,  5  M.  from  Skowhegan,  with  the  old  Somcr.set-County 

IbuilJings.  aiul  a  broad  river-side  street  on  which  stand  some  riirc  and  im- 

wn<e  old  olms.    The  Kennebec  is  here  crossed  by  carriage  and  railway 

F'lses.    Here  dwells  "Sophie  Mav,"  in  one  of  the  great  old  mansioua. 

111.  above  is  Old  Point  (read  Whitticr's  "Mogg  Megoue"). 

At  old  Point  was  the  chief  town  of  the  Canibas  Indians,  a  powerful  tribe  of 

PAlii'niii|ni  imtiou.     As  early  as  IGIO  E'reucli  inissiouiiries  t'roiii  Quebec  settled 

F^.  aiul  ill  l(ii)5  Sebastian  Rale,  a  French  .Jesuit,  came  from  Canada  and  be- 

fWe  the  spiritual  and  (practically)  political  cliief  of  the  tribe.      Hile  was  a 

F^il/'f  liigli  culture,  and  liad  been  Greek  iirofessor  in  the  College  of  Nisines  (in 

•fmice).    He  prepared  a  complete  dictionary  (now  at  Harvard  University)  of 

P  Abenaqui  langu.age,   which  liad  diminutives    and  aiiginentatives  li^e  the 

p^fj'D,  ami  was  "  a  jiuwerful  and  llexible  language,  —  the  Greek  of  America." 

fWe  the  colonial  government  policy  was  generally  equitable  and  fair  toward  the 

Ifliaiis,  frequent  gross  injuries  and  cruelties  were  inflicted  on  tliem  by  irrespon- 

T-'^  English  adventurers.    Hence  a  burning  sense  of  wrongs  endured  and  the 


tV\ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


k 


J 


■6r 


t/j 


K. 


1.0 


I.I 


1^  |2j8     1 2.5 
|5o   •••     MflH 

£   IS   112.0 


IL25  ■  1.4 


1.8 


1.6 


Photographic 
_Sdences 
Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MSSO 

(716)  873-4S03 


« 


V 


iV 


iS 


":;^V 


-%^ 


? 


A'. 


f/j 


-»y\ 


^>.'% 


I  M 


294    R(mte42.     PORTLAND  TO  THE  UPPER  KENNEBEC. 

loss  of  their  ancestral  lands  forced  the  Indians  into  a  constant  state  of  r/ar'nke 
fervor.  It  is  said  tliat  Father  Rale  had  a  superb  consecrated  banner  flouting 
before  his  church,  and  emblazoned  with  the  cross  and  a  Ik>w  and  sheaf  of  arrows. 
This  was  the  crusading  flag  borne  often  and  again  over  the  sniol<iiig  ruins  of 
Maine  and  N.  H.  villages.  In  1705  Norridgewock  was  destroyed  by  2',^  colonial 
soldiers,  who  marched  tliither  swiftly  in  wintei'  by  the  aid  of  snow-sliofis.  At  the 
dose  of  Queen  Anne's  War  (Peace  of  Utrecht)  the  Sachem  of  the  tribe  went  to 
Boston,  to  demand  workmen  to  rebuild  the  village-church,  and  an  indemnity  for 
the  destruction  of  the  houses.  Mass.  promised  botli,  on  condition  that  Ndrrid^re- 
wock  would  accept  a  Puritan  pastor,  but  the  Sachem  refused  the  condition.  The 
Indians  soon  restored  their  homes,  and  sutlered  another  plundering  raid  in  1722, 
for  which  the  coast  of  Maine  paid  dearly.  In  1724  it  was  seen  that  the  tribe 
nuist  be  driven  away  before  the  coast-towns  could  lie  held  securely,  and  in  Au- 
gust of  that  year  an  atrocious  attack  was  made  on  Nonidgewock  by  20S  eoldiiial 
soldiers  from  Fort  Richmond.  So  carefully  was  the  advance  guarded  by  Har- 
mon's Rangers  and  a  company  of  Mohawks,  that  the  village  was  surrounded,  anil 
the  first  intimation  of  the  presence  of  the  colonials  was  conveyed  in  a  .shower  of 
bullets  which  swept  through  the  streets.  Some  of  the  Indians  escaped  throngh 
the  thin  environing  Ihies.  but  all  who  remained  in  the  wigwams  —  men,  women, 
and  children  —  were  massacred. 

" The  noise  and  tumult  gave  P^re  Rale  notice  of  the  danger  his  con\erts  were 
in,  and  he  fearlessly  showed  himself  to  the  enemy,  hoping  to  draw  all  their  atten- 
tion to  himself,  and  to  secure  the  safety  of  his  flock  at  the  peril  of  his  life.  He 
was  not  disappointed.  As  soon  as  he  appeared,  the  English  set  up  a  great  shout, 
which  was  followed  by  a  shower  of  shot,  when  befell  dead  near  to  the  cross  whicii 
he  had  erected  in  the  midst  of  the  village.  Seven  chiefs,  who  sheltered  his  hody 
with  their  own,  fell  around  him.  Thus  did  this  kind  shepherd  give  his  life  for  his 
sheep,  after  a  painful  mission  of  37  years."  (Charlevoix.)  When  the  fragment 
of  the  tribe  re-entered  the  ruined  village,  they  found  Rale's  body,  horribly  muti- 
lated, at  the  foot  of  the  mission  cross.  "Alter  his  converts  had  rai-sed  up  and 
oftentimes  kissed  the  precious  remains,  so  tenderly  and  so  justly  beloved  by  them, 
they  buried  him  in  the  same  place  where  he  had,  the  evening  before,  celehrattd 
the  sacred  mysteries,  namely,  the  spot  where  the  altar  stood  before  tlie  churdi 
was  burnt."  (Histoire  Generale  de  Nouvelle  Fratice.)  Bishop  Fenwick,  of  Bos- 
ton, erected  a  granite  obelisk  on  the  site  of  the  church  in  1833.  After  lying  deso- 
late for  half  a  centuiy,  Norridgewock  was  settled  by  the  whites  in  1773. 

Starks  (Clifton  House)  is  a  farming  town  10  M,  N.  W.  of  Norritlgewock, 
■with  tri-weekly  stages  to  Farmington,  13  M.  V^.  (see  Route  41).  On  the 
new  Somerset  Railroad  route,  Anson  is  N.  of  Starks,  and  is  a  consider- 
able, though  failing  village,  with  3  small  hotels  and  about  1,700  inlialii- 
tants.  Embden  is  a  large  but  thinly  settled  town  across  the  river  from 
Solon  (inn),  a  decadent  town  near  Carritunk  Falls,  where  the  Kennebec  ^ 
narrows  from  480  ft.  wide  to  40  ft.,  and  falls  about  20  ft.  Tlie  stage- 
route  passes  through  Solon,  Bingham,  Moscow,  and  Carritunk,  to  Tk 
Forks,  a  forest-village  of  about  150  inhabitants,  45  M.  N.  W.  of  Skew- 
began.  Here  are  a  few  houses  and  a  large  hotel,  amid  fine  forest-scenery,! 
5  M.  from  J/oar/e  Ponrf,  island-strewn  and  mountain-walled;  12  M.  from  J 
the  rare  trouting  of  Pleasant  Pond;  and  25  M.  (no  road)  from  ^looselieadj 
Lake.  There  is  capital  fishing  in  the  sandy-shored  Parlin  Pond,  iiearj 
which  is  the  frontier  custom-house,  and  at  Wood  Pond,  Attean  Pond,  ■iii'i 
Moo.se  River,  farther  into  the  forest.  From  Moose-Elver  Village  (Co^' 
Hotel)  canoes  descend  the  river  by  Long  Poni  and  Brassua  Lake  ti^ 
Moosehead  Liike,  ^2  M.  E. 

Stages  run  from  N.  Anson  (Somerset  House).  48  M.  N.  W.  up  the  ^^\^^ 
Valley,  bv  New  Portland  and  Kingfleld,  to  Eustis  {Shav^  House),  on  l^;'  ' ', 
and  near  Mt.  Bigelow  and  other  peaks.    6  M.  beyond  is  Tim  Pond,  and  l-  " 


tber  Id  i 
as  .v.,  to 
(/''lag.',  tall 
aiTorJs  ve 


The  Mt.. 
i>y  tnkiug  t 
takes  the  a 
"Ijout  aiij.j 
may  be  spe, 
(see  Route  4) 

Ti)e  Bai)^ 

^y  Veazie  i 

C«nfral  /ine 

'""■'IS  of  A\ 

'^"■'''•ges  to  1 

'''iile-q  Harries 

around  wliiej 

"<«  H^'iitecap 

""''  "'e  Houst 

<^'''fsiincook. 

'"«''  fo  Schood 

Prnni  Sebec\ 

^'\  (5  U.\ 

J"'""'^"'  Sebe, 

"''""'  ■Sfream] 

\>  '!"e  view! 
r^  '300  n,en  c 

lit ;  '^'^  ^A 

,>•!  ^VonsoJ 


5EC. 

J  of  T;ani\^e 
uier  flouting 
if  of  arrows, 
iiig  niins  of 
;  270  co\>iniiil 
hoes.    At  t^>e 
XxWk  wfiit  to 
inaeniiiUy  for 
i\vA  i^ovvulixe- 
omUti.>n.    1  >^ 
igraulin  l.';!A 
tlial  tlu>  tnbe 

iurrouudcil.  a"' 
Una  shower  ot 

scared  throuj 
j__iuen,woni'=«. 

-hpltered  Ins  i'"  i.y 

t,es  in  ^'^'^'•^• 
of  Korridge^vo>:J'| 

and  is  a  co«s  ^^ 
bout  1,700  .nl>^^^ 
^oss  the  river  ^ 

here  tl.e  K-.. 

20  ft.    TUe^t. 

■  ,%  W.  of  Skovv 

L    \tteanl'°"'^'    1 
pd  liv"ASSua  i>» 


KATAHDIN   IRON- WORKS.       Route  43.    295 

ther  in  are  the  Seven  Ponds,  fkmoua  flshiDg-Kiounds.  Another  stage-route,  of 
88  M.,  leads  from  N.  Ansou  by  Dead  River  (Mt.-Bigelow  House),  to  Flagataff 
(Flag.staff  House),  at  the  foot  of  Mt.  bigelow.  This  wild  and  sequestered  regioa 
ufurds  very  good  fishing  and  hunting. 

43.   Boston  or  Portland  to  Moosehead  Lake. 


The  Mt.-Kineo  Houra  is  about  20  hours  from  Boston  (tickets  up  and  back,  $  15) 
by  taking  the  7  P.  M.  I'ullniaii  train  to  Bangor,  where  one  arriven  at  5  45  A.  M.,  and 
tuke.s  tlie  morning  train  on  the  Bangor  and  Piscataquis  R.  It.,  reaching  tlie  hotel 
about  BiiJ-afternoon.  Or  the  day-train  may  be  taken  from  Boston,  and  the  niglit 
may  be  spent  at  Bungor.  Or  Baugor  may  be  reached  by  steamboat  from  Busioa 
(see  Route  48). 

The  Bangor  and  Piscataquis  train  ascends  the  Penobscot  River  for  12  M., 
by  Veazie  and  Orono,  to  OUitown,  wiiere  it  diverges  from  the  Maine- 
Central  line  and  runs  up  the  Piscataquis  Valley,  across  the  decadent 
towns  of  Alton,  Lagrange,  and  Orneville.  At  Jfilo  Junction  a  railroad 
diverges  to  the  N.  25  M.  up  the  Pleasant-River  Valley,  famous  for  its 
slate-quarries,  to  Katahdin  Iron- Works  {Silver-Lake  Hotel,  200  guests), 
around  wliich  are  very  good  trout-ponds  and  deer-haunted  woods,  with 
the  Whitecap,  Horseback,  and  Chairba«k  Mts.,  the  Gulf,  the  Ebeme  Mts., 
anil  the  Houston  Ponds.  A  rude  logging-road  leads  N.  to  Ripogenus  and 
Cliesuncook.  At  Brownville,  on  this  line,  ma}'  be  found  guides,  and  the 
road  to  ScJioodic  and  Seboois  Lakes  and  the  Ebeme  Ponds. 

From  Sebec  station,  on  the  main  line,  daily  stages  run  N.  to  S.  Sebec, 
Sebe^  (5  M.),  and  Barnard.  From  Sebec  a  steamboat  runs  daily  up  the 
t)cautiful  Sebec  Lake,  12  M.  long,  to  the  Lake  House,  at  the  mouth  of 
Wilunn  Stream.  Boats,  guides,  and  supplies  may  be  obtained  at  Sebec 
for  excursions  to  Buck's  Cove,  Lake  Onaway,  and  other  famous  fishing- 
gfounds,  amid  charming  wild  scenery. 
Dover  (Blethen  Home),  the  shire-town,  has  a  newspaper  and  many 
firms,  and  a  daily  stage  to  Dexter,  14  M.  S.  W.  Across  the  river  is 
^'W»'o/<  (Foxoroft  Exchange),  a  busy  manufacturing  village.  The  train 
parses  on  by  Sanf/ei'ville  and  Guilford  (Turner  House),  to  Abbott  Vill((f/e 
'Buxton's),  whence  a  daily  stage  runs  N.  14  M.  to  Howard  and  Wiiii- 
."laiitic,  at  the  head  of  Sebec  Lake.  The  line  next  rises  on  high  grades, 
P^'iiig  fine  views  over  the  hill-girt  valley.  From  Monson  Junction  a 
Ibnch  line  runs  N.  5  M.  to  Monson  {Lnke-TIehron  Hotel,  100  guests), 
hhere  300  men  quarry  .1ne  slate.  Lake  Hebron  is  900  ft.  above  the  sea, 
H  3^  M.  long.  In  the  vicinity  are  Lake  Onaway,  8  M.;  Greenwood 
v^v,  Sebec  Lake,  9  M.;  and  a  score  of  fo rest-en wal Jed  ponds,  stocked 
'"li  trout,  land-locked  salmon,  and  German  carp. 

"*yond  Monson  Junction  the  line  traverses  a  thinly  populated  region, 
|f'j'i<iiinr  the  towns  of  Blanchard  and  Sbirley  (Shirley  House),  and  running 
pMothe  lerutiuus  at  West  Bay,  on  Muoseliead  Lake. 


fm 


Si"   : 


«;   I 


i;a 


■■■  1 


296    Haute  4s. 


MOOSEHEAD   LAKE. 


i  / 


1 ;. 


1ft  ; 


:^! 


Moosehaad  Lake. 

The  magniflcent  wilderness  lyini;  about  and  beyond  Moosehead  Lako,  as  far  aa 
the  Canadian  frontiers,  with  its  lakes  and  rivers,  portages  and  camps,  fi.sliing  aud 
hunting  grounds,  &c.,  are  very  ciuefully  defcribed,  with  large  maps  and  pkntilul 
illu!>traiious,  in  Lucius  L.  Hubbard's  new  book,  ''  Woods  and  Lakes  of  Maire," 

and  also  in  the  sauie  author'c  "Uuidu  to 
Moosehead  Lake  and  Northern  Maioe." 

Kineo  is  a  peninsula  situated  halt-way  up  Moosehead  Lake,  projecting  from  the 
£.  shore  so  far  that  the  lake,  which  a  few  miles  below  is  15  M.  wide,  is  hire  nar- 
rowed to  little  more  than  1  M.  Mt.  Kineo  is  900  ft.  high,  rising  gradually  from  die 
wafur  on  the  N.  and  W.,  and  on  the  S.  and  E.  presenting  perpendicular  faces  of  flint 
rock.  The  Pebble  Beach  is  formed  of  pieces  of  stone  of  various  colors  broken  fnm 
the  mountain,  rounded  and  pol{8hed  by  the  action  of  the  water.  S.  of  the  mt,  the 
ground  forms  a  plateau  sloping  gently  to  the  water.  Here  stamis  the  Mt.-Kiuto 
House,  with  accouimoiiations  lor  5l'0  guests,  fitted  with  modem  conveiiien<cs,— 
H  first-class  hotel  erected  (in  1884)  and  mainttiincd  in  tlie  wilderness.  1 1  is  fauiitt 
as  a  headquarters  for  trout  fishermen,  who  come  in  gn-at  numbers  from  nil  part- of 
tlie  United  States  for  the  fl.>ihing  in  June  and  September.  It  is  al^o  a  taroriie 
refuge  for  those  afflicted  with  hay-fever,  and  a  resort  for  all  who  enjoy  the  air  and 
scenery  of  lake  and  mountain  combined.  CHrriitge-roads  and  wood-patha  lead  to 
tiie  Cliff,  I'ebble  Beach,  &c.  Steamers  bf  longing  to  the  house  convey  guests  to  any 
part  of  the  lake.  Ht-re  camping  parties  for  all  points  iiirther  up  the  lake,  for  tlie 
West  Branch  of  the  Penobscot,  and  the  St.  John  waters,  obtain  guides  and  sup- 
plies. The  transient  rates  at  the  Mt.  Kineo  are  $2  a  day  for  June,  S2-3  for  Jul/ 
and  Oct^  $2  60-3.60  for  Aug.  and  Sept.,  with  discounts  for  sojourns  of  a  week  or 
more.    Electric  bells,  steam-heating,  ga»,  elevator,  &c. 

Greenville  (Lake  House ;  Eveleth  House)  is  a  small  farming  village  on  the  S.  shore, 
and  about  5  M.  W.  of  Wilson  Pond,  which  is  famed  for  its  trout.  Here  may  be 
seen  many  lumbermen,—  Americans.  Indians,  and  Canadian  and  Acadian  French- 
men, — rude  and  stalwart  forestei-s.  "Maine  has  two  classes  of  warriors  among 
its  sons, —  fighters  of  forest  and  fighters  of  seas.  Braves  must  join  one  or  the 
other  army.    The  two  are  close  allies. " 

Moosehead  Lake  is  35  M.  long,  from  4  to  12  M.  wide,  and  contains  220 1 
square  miles.  It  is  1,023  ft,  above  the  sea,  to  which  its  waters  pa'S  by  I 
the  Kennebec  River.  The  shores  are  monotonous  and  uncultivated,  save  I 
where  Mt.  Kineo  runs  out  into  the  lake,  though  distant  mts.  on  e-'tlierl 
side  give  variety  to  the  view.  Except  Greenville,  at  the  S.  end,  there  are  j 
no  towns,  plantations,  or  permanent  settlements  on  these  lonely  shore?. 

Steamers  leave  West  Bay  daily  for  Mt.  Kineo.    Passing  out  of  the  long,! 
deep  cove  in  which  the  village  is  situated,  the  Squaw  Mt.  is  seen  on  the! 
1.  and  the  .steamer  runs  N.  "between  Deer  Island  on  the  1.  and  Sugar  Islan(|^ 
on  the  r.    E.  of  the  latter  is  Lil!'^  Cove,  strewn  with  romantic  islets  an(| 
surrounded  by  mts.     Beyond  Sugar  Island  the  great  bay  is  seen  to  the  SJ 
W.,  through  which  the  Kennebec  flows  outward  toward  the  sea,  wliill 
Spencer  Bay  opens  to  the  N.  E.,  with  Spencer  Mt.  (4,000  ft.  higli)  at  ill 
head.     Katahdin  may  be  seen  to  the  N.  E.  on  a  clear  day.    The  bolj 
bluffs  of  Kineo  are  now  seen  ahead,  and  the  steamer  stops  near  its 
and  close  by  the  hotel. 

At  16  - 18  M.  N.  of  Mt.  Kineo,  over  the  desolate-shored  North  Bay,  the  endoftl 
Lake  is  reached,  and  a  well-travelled  portage  of  2  M.  leads  across  to  the  PenoW 
River.  This  river  may  be  descended  in  a  birch-canoe  well  guided  (i)ussing  sevfl 
rapids)  to  Chesiincook  Lake,  20-30  M.  N.  E.  Plain  forest-fare  and  rude  M 
life  must  be  encountered  here.     Chesuncook  is  about  20  M.  long  and  1  -3  M  wil 


ivenneljec  Riy 

'■iJuation  of  ; 

"le  fourth  citj 

""'^-^^th  and  pi 

^"ncl,  of  ind„ 


«Xp,  as  far  as 

,8,  fi!«Uiiil5  an*^ 

and  plfutil'"' 

tea  of  Ml'"*." 

ectlng  from  the 
.ae,  >■*  hure  nar- 
,dauUy  irom  th« 
liar  facfs  of  mill 
iors  broken  fr>'m 
rof  t\u-  ">t.  tl'*' 
1*8  the  Ml.-K""0 

8  from  nU  parts  of 

,  enjoy  the  auati'l 
-.1  iiatlia  \ead  to 

1  the  lake,  for  tUe 
Pu!  of  twee,  or 

S  Acaaiau  French- 
[u3t  join  one  or  the 

.  and  contains  220 1 

(tsvrateTsra''S''H 
'  uncultivated,  save 

.ant  mts.  on  e'*er 
Ls.  end,  there  are 

Vese  lonely  slfi 
tlngoutoftl>eo4 

l^t.  is  seen  on  tl^J 
el  andSngarlslanJ 
(romantic  islet«;4 

Lard  the  sea,v«l 

%00  ft.  higW  i^t  J 

'        1         The  I'tiH 
^learday.    1»«  J 

stops  near  its 

I  ^^^•Ra.\  tlieendof'] 
forth  Bay,  pgpobs^ 
[across  to  jei^^,j 

I  guided  (Vf^l'Z  (oi« 
tt-fare  and  rude   , 

■  .long  and  1-5^ 


PORTLAND  TO  ROCKLAND.        Rmte  U- 


and  lies  to  the  8.  of  the  large  Lakes,  Cauconiguninc  and  Cauc  tmgoinosis,  and  the 
Alliigash  chain  of  lakes,  the  southernmost  and  largest  of  which  is  Apniogenagu- 
mook.  Beyond  Chesuncook  (S.  E.)  Ripogeuus  Lake  is  traversed,  then  ensues  a  3 
M.  i^rtage,  and  then  tlie  river  is  deaoended  for  many  leagues  to  Pemadumcook 
Lake,  with  Mt.  Katahdin  boldly  prominent  on  the  N.  E.  and  N.  This  mt.  is  some- 
times ascended  with  the  canoe-guides,  from  the  river,  —  a  long  and  arduous 
journey.  From  Pemadumcook  the  widening  river  (more  properly  the  W.  branch 
of  the  Penobscot)  may  be  followed  to  Mattawamkeag  or  Oldtown. 

Goo<l  guides,  a  supply  of  provisions,  ana  strong  clothing  are  requisite  for  this 
tour,  which  requires  7-10  days,  from  Greenville  to  Oldtown.  (see  a  vigorous 
account  of  this  route  by  Theodore  Winthrop,  "Life  in  the  Open  Air,"  Chaps. 
VI. -XV. ;  also  Thoreau's  "Maine  Woods.") 


44.  FortUmd  to  Aoekland. 

By  the  Maine  Central  and  Knox  and  Lincoln  Railways,  in  96  M.  The 
train  leaves  the  handsome  new  Union  Station  in  Portland  and  pa.sses 
over  Route  47  to  Bmnswick.  Stages  run  thence  to  Harpswell  and  Orr's 
Island.  A  few  miles  beyond  Brunswick,  the  train  reaches  "^tt^^x  {Sagada- 
hoc House  ;  S/iannon's  Hotel),  a  maritime  city  situated  on  the 
Kennebec  River,  12  M.  from  the  sea.  Bath  has  11,000  inhabitants,  with  a 
valuation  of  $  6,400,000,  7  banks,  and  a  daily  paper.  It  was  fornerly 
the  fourth  city  in  the  republic  in  the  shipbuilding  business,  and  grew  in 
wealth  and  prosperity  until  the  decline  of  American  commerce.  This 
branch  of  industry  was  founded  here  in  1762,  and  was  favored  by  the  fa- 
cility with  which  the  best  ship  timber  was  floated  down  the  Kennebec  from 
tlie  northern  forests.  In  1853  and  1854  the  tonnage  built  here  amounted 
to  107,854.  The  city  has  a  fine  harbor,  rarely  embarraf.sed  with  ice,  and 
deep  enough  for  the  largest  sliips.  The  streets  are  irregular  in  their 
contour,  and  the  settled  d».jtrict  extends  for  over  3  M,  along  the  W.  bank 
I  of  the  river,  being  only  about  ^  M.  wide.  The  river  at  this  point  is  over 
I  \  M.  in  width,  and  is  rapid  and  deep.  There  is  a  neat  Government 
I  building  here,  also  tlie  Sagadahoc  County  buildings,  and  11  churches. 

The  site  of  Bath  was  first  visited  by  Capt.  Weymouth  in  1605.  It  was  bought 
[from  Robin  Hood,  an  Indian  chief,  by  Rev.  Robert  Gutch,  of  Salem,  who  lived 
herefrom  1660  to  1679.  The  growth  of  the  settlement  was  very  slow  until  the 
i''lo»eof  the  Revolutionary  War,  when  an  active  lumber  and  shipping  trade  sprang 
hp,  which  was  but  momentarily  injured  by  the  Embargo  and  the  War  of  1812. 
ymx  causes  which  are  national  rather  than  local,  Bath's  leading  industry  has 
Ibeeii  checked,  and  the  city,  like  the  other  small  maritime  cities  of  New  England, 
|ii  turning  towards  manufactures. 

Staf^es  nm  daily  to  Arrowsic  and  Georgetown.    Steamers  run  to  Phipsburg, 

|fiwrgetown,  Arrowsic,  Boothbay,  Pemaquid,  and  Waldoboro, 

The  long  jieninsulas  and  narrow  parallel  islands  which  run  into  the  salt  water 

«lftw  Batli  are  very  interesting  in  a  historical  point  of  view.     Arrowsic  is  an 

Island  tpwii  with  about  250  inhabitants,  on  20,000  acres  of  land,  much  of  which  is 

lilt-marsli.    This  island  was  settled  and  fortified  in  1661,  and  its  settlement  was 

istroyed  by  an  Indian  raid  in  1723.     In  another  midnight  attack,  50  houses  were 

nrnt,  and  35  persons  were  killed  and  captured  in  the  fort,  which  was  stormed  in 

wilarkness.    Months  after,  a  detachment  of  soldiers  landed  to  bury  the  dead, 

*t  were  ambushed  and  rudely  handled.     Georgetown  is  an  island  town  below 

"f"W8ic,  with  similar  annals  of  early  adventure.    Phipsburg  is  a  long  peninsula, 

fetching  for  about  12  M.  from  Bath  to  Bald  Head  Cape,  bounded  on  the  W.  by 

13* 


:c.          i         ■»; 

\    m 

"■       :     '        S 

H 

"i               « 

'r                a 

>  ■ 

'!             m 

.  ■ 

'\                M 

,  ■ 

.i-                  ^ 

■ 

.      !  1 

i  h^  i  ^  ■ 

l^'l          ■ 

i*;1 ' ; '' 

'     1          ■ 

1          " 

'     1  * 

if 

! 

%v.. 

f^H 

1 '  ■' " 

■f. 

1 

i  'ii    i 

■  i  ! 

.1 

1 

< '  l|  '■• 

'  1 

i 

\:'i  i  r'"'  '    ' 

■'•J  i  • 

.i.r  5 

1 

i 

'!;ii 


■till 


ii'l 


;  iii.il 


298    RmieU. 


WOOLWICH. 


Qtiohog  Bay,  and  on  the  E.  by  the  widenings  of  the  Kennebec.  The  Huguenot  chief, 
De  Monts,  planted  the  cross  here  in  1604,  and  in  1607  Hir  Gecrge  Po}Jiani  aiiij 
Raleigh  Gilbert  (nephew  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigli)  caine  hero  witit  2  ships  and  loo 
men.     "  They  sayled  up  into  the  river  neere  40  leagues,  ard  found  yt  to  be  a  very 
gallant  river,  very  deepe,"  and  then  returned  to  this  peninsula,  where  they  landed 
and  celebrated  tiie  service  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  assembled  around  their  cliaii- 
lain.    This  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  Christian  service  in  New  England.    A 
line  of  cabins  and  a  church  were  built,  and  Fort  St.  George  was  raised  for  their 
protection.    After  a  quarrel  between  the  colonists  and  Indians,  the  latter  gnt 
possession  of  the  fort,  and  plundered  it ;  but  having  scattered  around  aeveriil  bar- 
rels of  powder  (being  ignorant  of  its  qualities),  it  caught  fire  and  exploded,  de- 
stroying the  fort  and  the  Indians.    The  remaining  aborigines,  interpreting  the 
fatal  explosion  as  a  Divine  punishment,  hastened  to  be  reconciled  with  tlie  coln- 
nists,  whom  they  supplied  with  food  all  winter.    The  intense  cold  of  the  winter 
of  1607-8,  the  destruction  of  their  stores,  the  dubious  favor  of  the  Indians,  ami 
the  death  of  Popham  and  other  leaders  caused  the  colony  to  break  u])  in  tlie 
spring  and  return  to  England,  having  "found  nothing  but  extreme  extremity." 
The  peninsula  was  resettled  in  1716  by  the  Pejepscot  proprietors,  wlio  crei  ted 
here  a  stone  fort  100  ft.  square,  made  houses  and  roads,  and  established  a  line  of 
communication  by  sea  with  Bostou.     A  few  years  Later  it  was  destroyed  by  a  sud- 
den Indian  attack,  and  the  fort  was  demolished.    The  peninsula  was  again  settled 
in  1737.  and  in  1814  was  incorporated,  and  named  in  honor  of  Sir  William  Pliijis. 
The  town  has  1,344  inhabitants,  largely  engaged  in  fishing  and  shipbuilding,',  and 
its  shores  are  rugged  and  irregular.    Seguin  Island  lies  off  sliore  to  the  S.    Tliere 
are  one  or  two  small  summer  boarding-houses  on  the  peninsula. 

The  3d  Maine  Regiment,  in  the  Secession  War,  was  raised  in  the  Kennebec 
Valley,  between  Phipsburg  and  Skowhegan.  It  was  one  of  ti.e  bravest  rcfiinieiit;, 
in  the  anny,  was  engaged  in  nearly  all  the  great  Virginian  battles,  and  at  Gettys- 
burg alone  lost  113  men.    Howard  was  its  first  colonel. 

Tri-weekly  stages  run  S.  from  Bath  to  Winnegunce,  3  M.  ;  Phippsburp,  7  M. ; 
Parker's  Head,  10  M.  ;  and  Small  Point,  15^  M.  Also  (from  Woolwich)  tri-\veel.ly 
to  Arrowsic  and  Georgetown. 

At  Bath  the  through  cars  for  Rockland  are  taken  across  the  Kennebec 
River  on  a  large  steam  ferry-boat,  and  nin  on  to  the  rails  of  tlie  Kncv 
and  Lincoln  Railroad  at  Woolmich,  on  the  farther  shore.  This  town  was 
settled  in  1638  on  the  Indian  domain  of  Nequasset,  and  wac  depopulu*?! 
by  an  attack  in  1676.  50  years  later  it  was  resettled,  and  in  1759  was  in- 
corporated as  Woolwich,  so  named  from  a  resemblance  of  the  Kennebec  j 
River  at  this  point  to  the  English  Thames  at  Woolwich. 

William  Phips  was  bom  at  Woolwich  in  1651,  and  was  a  shepherd  on  its  rockyl 
hills.  Learning  how  to  read* and  write,  and  then  acquiring  tlie  art  of  sliip-earj 
pentering,  he  rose  in  consideration  and  influence.  In  1684  he  sailed  from  LoiKloaJ 
in  a  war  vessel,  to  attempt  the  recovery  of  the  gold  from  a  sunken  Spanish  treas-l 
ure-ship  near  the  Bahamas.  The  quest  was  unsuccessful,  but  in  1GS7  lie  su^l 
ceeded  in  recovering  from  the  wreck  81,500,000  in  jewels  and  bars  of  gold  andT 
silver.  He  was  knighted  by  the  king,  and  received  $  80,000  of  the  tronsure.  Hi 
commanded  the  expedition  which  took  Port  Royal  from  the  French,  and  fromW 
to  1694  he  was  Gov.  of  Mass.  In  1694  he  died  suddenly  at  London,  where  lie  In 
gone  to  render  an  account  of  his  government.  His  activity,  bravery,  and  enKj] 
prise  enabled  him  to  rise  from  the  tasks  of  an  unlettered  shepherd  on  theV^iX' 
wich  hills  to  the  governorship  of  the  chief  British  province  in  America. 


once  I 
tri/)iif 

H'a.s  ve 

it  for  SI 

of  J8I2, 

it-s  Jiiotii 

r>-i/)v.s 

""••'Vn't  j.( 

'ie,sfr,,y,.,j 

■■^f.'ifion  bi 

'1011,11-v  \\i 

:''.-'""  in;,.., ( 

in  -^ijil),,,-] 

"le  n-)l)/e 

sometimes  1 

"J'^^y  st(M 

■""'1  irx  nn,". 
''""'■''ofojd/ 

"'e]  7th  cent 
"^•'*f''0yerj  hy 

y^-'^i-s  tifUr  thi 
"ilvingpj,,-,,. 

!"  ^^S8,  and  . 

'''^9i"')abita 

fPema,,„i,i 

"irice  Was 

'•"^  (caJJe,i 

'"  ^''e  conntryM 

'^'"^  '"s  the 
castle. 


aba 
Rol 


mwi 


tof''^?^  '•""  to  .tl 
''"^"Wtants 


fieyond  Woolwich  the  train  passes  the  country  stations  of  Nequa 
and  Montsweag,  and  tlr.ii  stops  at  Wiscasset  (Hilton  House),  amaritii 
town  on  the  Sheepscc^  River,  12  M.  from  the  sea.     It  has  1,978  'mm 
tants,  2  banks,  and  a  weekly  paper.  llie  "^1 

ings  of  the  river  opposite  Wiscasset  afford  a  broad  and  capacious  harw 
with  12  -  20  fathoms  of  water,  and  but  rarely  troubled  with  ice.    I*  '1 


"ear 


arf 


'^1  and 

^I^T'y  Of 

Kter?r!^*^l 


PEMAQUID. 


RrnUe  41     299 


zuenot  relief, 

Poi»lia>"  ''"'* 
,ips  au(\  100 
1  to  be  a  very 

i^d  their  rluiV" 
England-    A 
used  tor  tl.e>i 
the  latter  g»t 
nd  several  V)-  r 

"S  tiv«  ^t; 

X  of  the  Nvmtor 

weak  xir  "V^^?, 
eme  extreimt  . 

,^,Ushec  ahue^o_ 
re  to  the  a. 


T0S3  the  Kennete 

TO.    TlustoNvn^^, 
a  -was  -'*=l'^      i- 

shepherd  on  ^^^.,,ai. 
g  tl^e  art  \o, 

W  of  the  IV     j^,„„\^ 
.eFrench.a"       ,j,\i>l 

tti.ondon.v'l^*^^^  len«3 

Sepl^e^^"'! 
ceinAinevvca. 

3n  House),  a^^  ,^^^ 


It 


aBd  capacious  \^»|^ 


once  talked  of  for  a  U,  S.  naval  station.    This  town  was  laid  under  con- 

trilmtion  by  the  British  sloop-of-war  "  Rainbow,"  during  the  Revolution. 

Its  palmiest  days  were  between  1780  and  1806,  when  the  maritime  trade 

was  very  extensive,  and  many  leagues  of  back  country  were  dependent  on 

it  for  supplies.     This  prosperity  was  ruined  by  the  Embargo  and  the  War 

of  1812,  and  Wisoasset  is  now  only  a  pleasant  village,  fading  slowly  from 

its  pioturesciue  hills. 

Daily  stages  nui  from  Wiscassct  to  Bonthhay  (two  inns),  9  M.  S.,  another  of  the 
diiciint  peninsular  towns.  It  was  visited  by  Weymouth  in  l(t05  ;  settled  in  1G30  ; 
(li'stinycd  in  1(J88  :  and  resettled  in  1730.  Its  fine  harbor  was  ehosen  for  a  naval 
stiitiiii  by  the  British  government  aliout  1770,  but  the  outbreak  of  the  Revoln- 
tioii.iry  War  prevented  national  works  from  being  eonstructcd.  The  town  has 
?,,iim  inliabitants,  wlio  are  mostly  engaged  in  tlie  fisheries,  the  coasting  trade,  and 
in  tiiiplaiilding.  The  village  is  very  attractive,  with  islands  in  front  guarding 
tlie  iiolile  harl)or,  in  which,  during  long  storms,  4-50;)  sail  of  lishing  vessels 
soMietiiiies  take  rel'uge.  Many  summer  visitors  rest  at  IJonthbay,  which  is  reached 
hIso  by  steamer  from  Hath.  (See  al'O  pages  307  a,  307  6)  The  Rosicrncian 
Spriiiars,  2^  M.  fmm  Wise  issot,  are  valuable  alkiiline-saline  waters,  like  the  Oermaa 
s.  ':"»•.  hencflcial  for  dyspepsia,  rheumatism,  malaria,  etc.  Great  quantities  of  jt  are 
irnld  in  r-nst-^n.  Tli'*  neighboring  prenery.  along  the  Slieopscot  River,  and  about  the 
Mins  of  Old  Shcepscot  and  Fort  McDonough,  is  interesting. 

Beyond  Wiscasset  the  train  passes  to  the  station,  Xewcastle  and  Dam- 
mscntta.  A  considerable  settlement  was  made  at  Newcastle  early  in 
the  17th  century,  as  is  evinced  by  the  traces  still  seen.  It  was  probably 
destroyed  by  the  French,  and  its  menory  has  faded  from  history.  Many 
years  after  this  colony  fell,  another  was  established,  which  was  (lestroyed 
ill  King  Philip's  War.  A  third  settlement  on  the  same  site  was  destroyed 
in  1688,  and  the  land  lay  desolate  for  30  years.  The  to\vn  now  contains 
1,729  inhabitants,  mostly  engaged  in  manufacturing.     Damariscotta 

{Maine  Hotel)  was  settled  in  1640,  and  was  a  frontier  post  of  the 
1  old  Pemaquid  Patent.     It  was  often  assailed  by  the  Indians,  and  twice  or 

tlirice  was  abandoned.  It  was  named  for  Damarine,  Sachem  of  Sagada- 
Ihoc  (called  Robin  Hood  by  the  English),  and  now  is  generally  spoken  of, 
I  in  the  country-side,  as  "Scottie."  It  has  1,.334  inhabitants,  and  ship- 
IbuiWing  is  the  chief  industry.  The  Damariscotta  River  separates  it  from 
iNewcastle. 

Stages  run  to  Alna,  Pittston,and  Gardiner  ;  to  JcfTerson  and  Augusta  ;  to  Bris- 
lol  ami  Pemaquid.  Bristol  is  a  territorially  large  town,  embracing  nearly  all  the 
Vninsula  between  the  Damariscotta  River  and  Muscongus  Bay.  It  lias  about 
f.OOO  inhabitants,  and  at  the  village  of  Round  Pond  arc  extensive  oil-works. 

Pemaquid. 

[On  and  near  a  rocky  promontory  in  the  extreme  S.  of  Bristol  is  the  site  of  the 
Nent  colony  of  Pema(iuid,  than  which  no  locality  in  New  England  has  more  of 
ptwic  charm.  The  Maine  Historical  Society  has  explored  these  deserted  shores, 
jM  the  site  and  ruins  of  Fort  Frederick  have  been  secured  for  a  monument  to  be 
pcted  in  honor  of  the  pioneers. 

ICapt.  Weymouth  visited  Pemaquid  in  1605,  and  kidnapped  several  Indians.  10 
Tfs  later  a  furious  war  broke  out  between  theTarratine  Indians  and  the  Bashaba 
[Uiiofof  the  Western  Maine  tribes.     The  BashaKa  and  his  family  and  coimcil- 


i 


■m 


AilM 


IvU 


I 


<    \ 


■      \ 


f 


ice. 


|i 


300    Route  44- 


WALDOBORO. 


lors  were  put  to  death  by  a  daring  Inroad  of  the  Tarratlnes,  but  the  tribps  li.u! 
become  greatly  reduced  by  the  war  and  an  ensuing  jiestilence.    The  Wawpii.xks 
(fear-naughts)  occupied  the  peninsulas  about  Peniaquid,  but  were  so  reduccil  in 
strength  as  to  be  unable  to  jirevent  colonization.     In  1630  it  is  said  that  n  tort 
was  erected  here,  and  in  1031  the  Pemaquid  Patent  was  granted  to  two  nieicliants 
of  Bristol.     In  1632  the  pirate  Dixey  Bull  entered  the  harbor,  plundered  tlm 
village,  and  carried  away  the  vessels.    Massachusetts  sent  an  armed  shij)  a^Minsi 
him,  but  he  was  taken  by  a  royal  cruiser,  and  executed  (i)robal»ly)  at  Lnndnn  in 
les.*!.     In  1648  all  this  region  was  fonned  into  a  "  Ducal  State,"  and  made  an  aj)- 
pr.nage  of  James,  Duke  of  York  (aftenvurds  King  James  II.).    No  religious  sei  \  ii  o 
but  the  Anglican  was  allowed.     In  163."),  the  16gun  brig  "Angel  Gabriir'wis 
wre(!ked  here,  and  in  1074  Sir  Edmund  Audros  built  Fort  Charles,  bronirlit  in 
many  Dutch  immigrants,  and  named  the  place  Jamestown.     It  had  then  tlmi' 
long,  i)aved  streets,  with  several  cross-streets,  and  was  called  "  the  meti'o]iolis  of 
New  England."    The  Indians  remained  tranciuil  during  King  Philip's  War,  until 
they  had  sulTered  grave  affronts  from  the  colonists,  when  they  swept  down  on 
Pemaquid  and  utterly  destroyed  it.     Many  of  the  people  escaped  in  boats  to  .Mon- 
hegan,  an  island  fan  out  in  the  .sea.     In  1678  the  jdace  was  reoccuj)ied,  and  in 
1089  it  was  again  destroyed  by  the  Tarratines,  the  3  captains  of  the  garrison 
having  been  killed.    The  point  was  reoccujued  by  S-OO  Mass.  troops,  and  iu  Ki'.t' 
Sir  William  Phips  erected  a  stone  fort  here,  mounting  18  guns,  and  callnl  tlic 
strongest  on  the  continent.     This  was  named  Fort  William  Henry,  nul  simi) 
repulsed  an  attack  by  2  French  30-gun  frigates.     In  1003  13  Tarratine  and  j'cnoli- 
scot  chiefs  submitted  at  the  settlement,  and  the  village  grew  rapidly.    In   \>'>% 
Iberville  (having  defeated  an  English  fleet  on  the  coast)  attacked  the  place  witli  .i 
fleet  bearing  several  hundred  French  regulars,  some  Mic-Mac  Indians,  and  '2(0 
Tarratines  under  Baron  de  Castine.     After  Vwmbarding  Fort  William  Hcurv  t'lmii 
batteries  on  the  opposite  point  and  from  the  fleet,  a  breach  was  made  ami  tiic 
fort  was  taken.    The  settlement  was  plundered  and  ruined,  and  the  surviving 
inhabitants  were  led  into  captivity.     It  was  soon  settled  again,  and  win  ii  Mass. 
took  pos.session  of  Maine  its  people  begged  that  Pemaquid  might  "remain  flie 
metropolitan  of  these  parts,  because  it  ever  have  been  so  before  Uosto.i  wait 
settled."    In  1724  the  ruined  fort  was  so.uewhat  repaired  to  defend  the  peoiile  in 
Lovewell's  War,  and  in  1730  it  was  reliuilt  under  the  name  of  Fort.  Fredeiirk,  by 
Col.  Dunbar,  surveyor  of  t!ie  King's  woods  in  America.     This  officer  had  a  fine 
mansion  here,  and  laid  out  a  new  city,  but  was  soon  relieved  on  acoouut  of  his 
arbitrary  acts,  and  was  made  Gov.  of  St.  Helena.    Fort  Frederick  waj'  attacked  in 
1745,  and  in  1747  it  was  assaulted  by  a  French  force,  which  was  repulsed  with 
heavy  loss.    The  fort  was  destroyed  by  the  people  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  lest 
it  should  become  a  British  post.     In  1813  a  sharj)  naval  battle  occurretl  olF  Pema- 
quid Point,  when  the  American  brig  "  Enteri)rise  "  was  attacked  by  the  British 
brig  "Boxer."    After  a  conflict  of  48  minutes  tlie  "Boxer"  surrendered,  having 
suffered  severe  losses.     In  1814  the  place  was  attacked  by  275  men  in  boats  from 
the  frigate  "Maidstone,"  who  were  re]>ulsed  with  such  severe  loss  tliat  the 
captain  of  the  frigate  was  discharged  from  the  British  navy. 

Ancient  fortifications,  streets^  cellars,  wharves,  and  cemeteries  are  found  all 
over  the  Point,  and  many  remarkable  antiquities  may  be  shown  by  the  fannen 
near  the  now  deserted  jioint. 

"  The  restlesi  «ea  resounds  along  the  shore, 

The  lifiht  land-breeze  flows  outward  with  a  sigh, 
And  each  to  ench  seems  chantinj?  evermore 
A  moumf'al  rncmor.v  of  the  days  gone  by. 
Here,  where  they  lived,  all  holy  thoushts  revive. 

Of  patient  striviuR  and  of  faith  held  fust ; 
Here,  where  they  died,  tlieir  hurled  records  live. 
Silent  they  speak  from  out  the  shadowy  past." 

/»ema?«trf;  a  ballad- 

Bej'ond  Damariscotta  the  train  runs  near  the  beautiful  Damariscotti 
Lake,  which  covei"s  10  square  miles,  and  has  steamboat  navigation;  m 
crosses  the  Baptist  town  of  Nobicborough.    Waidoborongh  {Exchaniji) 
a  handsome  maple-sUaded  village,  settled  in  1753-4  by  1800  GermaiisJ 


Daily, 
ton  (A 

'J'le  iiai 

In  172 
afi'l  ann( 
fii.'in.s  i;i 
/'Ills,.,/,  ,., 

"",  'iieh 
'"■'''■M,'iiej-( 
{'•"I'fiire.j 
•■'/"J's,  u'Jii 
''!«  fort  sti 
"■'"''I  it  wn 
/"i><se.ssi,j„ 

?,';'.«  "Hhe 
/'!'•*  tract 

'"'TOSS  ,)f  „ 

i"    "' '"  ''*s  U 

"''"'"  (which 
P,?'"w.s  run  i 

On  im)    VII 
J"">t  nit  ^i 

^''e  train  s] 
;^ej  on  o,v,J 

^'"•se.anevv/ 
y^^^i  lake] 

^''^^'^d  aboiJ 
Save,? "ir'«n.  mJ 


ROCKLAND. 


RouUU.      301 


jlVies  l\a'^ 

rcdvici'>l  in 
L\>at  a  t'ovt 
,„,.,rUi\iit9 

,tt(\t'Vt.''\   t^'« 

naiU-  ii»  "V" 

iioUS  SPVVl'  0 

y-s  ^V;lV,  nuti\ 

^evt  '^"^"\  "" 
boats  to  ^^ 

and  caW'i  tlu 
,    nii'l  scon 

officer  had  a 

L"^^"7v\e  British 
Led  Viy  tl  e  D 

r^"  \"oss  tU  the 
[vere  w^s 

■  =  nre  f^i""*^  ^! 


1^« 


Intiful  Da'^^^'''"^"i 


Station,  Warren  {Hotel  Warrtn ;  Wirjht  Hotel),  settlfed  by  Scotch-Irish  in 
17;]t),  and  where  Si'otch  cheviot  cloth  is  made,  at  tiie  Gtorge's-River  mills. 
Daily  stages  to  Union  (Rural  House;  Burton),  8  AI.N.  Station,  Thomas- 
ton  {Khux  Huust),  with  3,000  inhabitants,  a  newspaper,  12  banks,  and  6 
chiirclipn.  Here  is  the  Maine  Sate  l*ris(tn,  founded  in  1824(150  prisoners). 
Tliii  harbor  is  a  deep  and  picturesque  expansion  of  St.  George's  Kiver. 

In  17J0  a  fort  was  built  hore  (near  tlie  present  railway-station),  and  garrisoned 
anil  armed  with  cannon  by  Mass.  It  was  furiously  atUiclced  by  the  Tarratine  In- 
dians in  i72'2,  and,  an  assault  led  by  French  monks  havint?  been  disastrously  re- 
inilscd,  a  mine  was  duy.  Tliis  work  was  so  unscientilicaily  done  that  it  fell  in 
on  the  l)esie^,'ers,  who  retired  in  confusion,  in  midwinter  of  1723  it  was  again 
bfliMilueri'd  vainly  for  30  days,  and  in  1724  it  was  atUicked  by  a  fleet  of  22  vessels 
((';i]itured  tlshernien).  A  sharp  naval  skirmish  was  fouglit  with  colonial  rehef- 
sliiiis,  which  were  forced  to  reti'c,  greatly  damaged  by  the  Indian  artillery.  But 
llie  fort  still  held  out  and  repuh  cd  every  attack,  and  stood  until  the  Revolutii.  , 
wiu'ii  it  was  demolished  by  the  Biitish.  Gen.  Waldo  (who  died  in  i75vt)  obtained 
passcssion  of  the  Muscongus  Patent,  embracing  a  tract  of  30  M.  wide  on  each 
siijti  of  tlie  Penobscot,  and  settled  tlie  peninsulas  with  Germans  and  Scotch-Irish. 
Tills  tract  came  into  possession  of  Gen.  Knox  tlu'ongh  his  wife,  who  was  the 
lielrcss  of  part  of  it,  and  about  1703  he  built  here  the  finest  mansion  in  Maine, 
and  lived  in  baronial  state,  entertaining  numerous  guests  with  si)lendid  hosjii* 
tiiity. 

lloiiry  Knox  was  born  in  Boston  in  1750,  and  became  a  skilful  military  en- 
gineer and  artillerist.  He  was  commander  of  the  artillery  of  the  Continental 
Army,  engaged  in  mo.st  of  the  important  battles  and  sieges  of  the  Revolution, 
ami  was  Secretary  of  War  from  1785  to  1795.  He  originated  the  first  and  only 
onler  or  American  chivalry,  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati,  was  strongly  aristo- 
cratic in  his  tastes,  and  demanded  the  observance  of  the  etiquette  of  a  palace  at 
Ills  manor  in  Thoinaston.  The  Knox  mansion  stood  close  to  the  present  railway- 
station  (which  was  one  of  the  offices  of  tlie  estate),  and  was  demolished  in  1872. 

Stages  run  from  ThomasU)n  to  the  ancient  peninsular  towns  of  Cushing  and 
Fiicndship,  on  Muscongus  Bay ;  also  to  St.  George,  a  historic  old  town,  which 
projects  into  the  sea,  and  is  near  the  islau.ds  which  Weymouth  named  St.  George's 
(in  1004).  Weymouth  set  tip  a  cross  (Anglican)  on  these  shores,  and  wrote,  "I 
(li)ubt  not  ....  it  will  prove  a  very  flourishing  place  [Maine]  and  be  re- 
plenisiK'(l  with  many  faire  townes  and  cities,  it  being  a  province  both  fruitful  and 
ploasant."  In  1724,  IG  soldiers  from  the  Thomaston  Fort,  led  by  Capt.  Wlnslow, 
Were  ainhiished  and  destroyed  among  St.  George's  Islands,  and  in  1753  a  strong 
stone  fort  was  built  on  this  peninsida. 

The  train  soon  reaches  Bockland  (Thoi-ndike  f/otel),  pleasantly  situ- 
ated on  Owl's- Head  Bay,  looking  out  on  Penobscot  Bay.  This  city  has 
8,500  inhabitants,  4  banks,  4  weekly  papers,  8  churches,  a  new  Court 
House,  a  new  granite  Post-Otfice,  and  a  c">pious  supply  of  water  from  the 
benutiful  Lake  Chickawaukie.  Ship-building  is  carri"'l  on,  but  the  chief 
iudustry  is  linie-buniing,  1,200,000  barrels  being  made  yearly  by  1,000 
men,  in  82  kilns.  The  kilns  should  be  seen  at  night.  The  environs  of 
Kockland  abound  in  picturesque  hill  and  marine  scenery. 

Steamboats  run  almost  daily  to  Boston,  Bangor,  Portland,  Castine,  Machias,  Jones- 
girt,  Sullivan.  Mount  De.sert,  Hurricane  Island,  Vinalhaven,  Ujer's  Island,  North 
Hweu.Blue  Hill,  Ellsworth.  Camden,  Northport,  Belfast,  Bncksport,  etc.  Daily 
't^Kes  to  Augusta,  S.  Hope,  Union,  Pidfast,  Camden,  Owl's  Head,  St.  Oeorge,  etc. 
The  granite  of  the  adjacent  islands  is  unrivalled  for  its  beauty,  compactness, 
»n(l  unifonnity.  Dix  Island  is  a  vast  mass  of  granite,  where  the  vessels  load  di- 
I  ittiy  from  the  sides  of  the  ledges.     It  famished  the  stone  for  the  N.  Y.  and  Phila. 

f^ft-Offlces,  and  the  immense  monolithic  columns  for  the  U.  S.  Treasury  at  Wash- 
.  ington.    The  Bodwell  Co.  at  Vinalhaven  and  Spruce  Head  furnished  the  material 

'"f  the  new  Qovernmen*;  building  ut  Cincinnati  and  the  State,  War,  and  Navy 

I'tpartnientR  at  WashinMon. 


h'' 


m 


4il 


302      Route.  46.      PORTLAND  TO   MOUNT  DESERT. 


45.   Boston  or  Portland  to  Mount  Desert 


'(:■ 


:!  'i 


Rii"Fi: 


1  ! 


A  now  mtlroiid  line  run«  8  E.  fVom  Pangnr  to  Ellsworth  nnd  Mount-Dewrt  Ferry, 
whence  forry-bont«  to  Bar  Harbor,  in  8  M.  (2U5  M.  from  Bo8ton ;  9-10  hrx ), 
2  trains  daily,  with  Pullman  oars. 

Stanch  cti'smnhlps  leave  Boston  nearly  every  eroning  fat  6  P.  M.),  reaphlnn 
Ro<-klan<l  verv  early  the  next  niorninfi^,  and  there  connecting  with  the  stennil>o:ie 
for  Mt.  Desert  (in  6  hrs). 

PasHen^erB  leaving  Boston  on  the  evening  express-train  (7  P,  M.  ;  Enstcrn  or 
Boston  and  Maine)  reach  Port'ajid  in  time  to  take  the  Bteambont  (wharf  rldsc  by 
station)  for  Rockland,  Cnstine,  and  Mt.  Desert. 

Steamboats  leave  Hanpor  Tues.,  Thurs.,  and  Sat.,  at  8  A.  M.,  running  to  liar 
Harbor  in  8  hrs.,  and  touching  at  Custine,  Islesboro,  and  other  points 

The  City  of  Richmond  leaves  Portland  at  II  p.  m.  and  passes  over  onli- 

narily  quiet  waters,  outside  the  famous  peninsular  tuwns  of  Su^Mdalxic 

and  Lincoln  Counties,  to  Rociilaiid,  wiiicii  is  reached  at  5  A.  m.    The 

tourist  should  arise  as  early  as  possible,  to  enjoy  the  scenery  of  iViiol). 

scot  Bay.     Leaving  Rockland,  with  Owl's  Head  on  the  r.  and  the  [lictur- 

esque  Camden  Hills  on  the  1.,  the  steamer  crosses  the  broad  Peii(il)>cot 

Bay,  between  the  insular  towns  of  Islesborough  and  Vinaliiaven,  and  at 

about  7  A.  M.   reaches  Castine  [Acadian   Hotel;    Cnstine).     'I'liis  is  a 

pretty  village  on  a  narrow  peninsula  projecting  into  the  bay,  and  its  his- 

tory  is  of  great  interest.     Perkins  St.  leads  to  the  sea-swept  Dice's  Ilcml, 

with  its  summer  cottages.     See  Noah  Brooks's  article  on  Castine,  in  the 

Century  Jfayazine,  Sept.,  1882. 

This  peninsula  was  called  Pentagoet,  and  was  taken  by  the  Pljinouth  Com- 
pany for  a  tnuling-i>o.st.  There  was  a  Puritan  fort  here  in  1620,  and  at  a  latfr 
day  the  place  was  taken  by  the  fleet  of  D'Anlney,  who  had  been  sent  out  by  Car- 
dinal Richelieu  and  Hazilla.  to  recover  Acadia.  D'Aulney  built  strong  lortitiia- 
tions  here,  and  withstood  a  long  bombardment  from  two  Mass.  ships  uiidcr  Lapt. 
Girling.  The  next  few  yeai-s  are  made  romantic  by  the  wars  of  the  rival  feudal  Umb, 
D'Aulney  and  La  Tour,  the  one  Catholic  and  t'  e  other  Huguenot,  in  wliidi  I'eii- 
tagoet  and  St.  John  sutfered  repeated  sieges  and  attacks.  In  1G74  a  Dutch  fltct 
took  Pentagoet  after  suffering  some  losses.  In  l(i<J7  Vincent,  Baron  de  fit.  C'as- 
tin,  formerly  colonel  of  the  Royal  Carignan  Regiment,  and  the  lord  of  Oh  ion,  in 
the  French  Pyrenees,  came  to  l'^ntaj^;oet,  married  the  daughter  of  Madockawaml", 
the  Sachem  of  the  Tarratines,  and  became  the  apostl'j  of  Catholicism  aiiiini;,'  tiie 
tribes,  who  revered  him  n»ore  than  his  cr«;ed.  Ji  1G88  Sir  Ednmnd  AikIm^, 
with  the  "  Rose  "  frigate,  phniderod  the  settlement,  and  St.  Castin  was  everaftir 
a  bold  enemy  of  Mass.  In  10!>G  he  led  his  Indians  in  Iberville's  fleet  against 
Pemaquid,  which  he  destroyed.  After  living  here  for  30  years,  he  fought  in  the 
Nova  Scotia  campaigns  of  170{i-7,  and  tlien  returned  to  France.  His  son  by  tlie 
Tarratine  princess  became  chief  of  the  Penobscot  tribes,  and  was  a  peaiplnl, 
brave,  and  inngnanimous  gentleman,  who  ruled  his  wild  subjects  succcsstiilly 
until  1721,  when  he  was  led  prisoner  to  Boston.  He  usually  wore  tlie  Imlim  I 
costume,  but  soinetimes  appeared  in  a  superb  French  imiform.  In  17:^^  he  went 
to. France,  and  took  possession  of  his  father's  property,  honors,  and  sciyniorm  I 
rights,  and  lived  until  his  death  on  his  Pyrenean  estates.  Lineal  IcscciulnntM 
of  the  St.  Castins  have  governed  the  Tarratines  until  the  nresent  (at  least  uiitilj 
1860).  The  New-Englanders  settled  at  Castine  in  1760,  and  "in  1779  it  was  Ibrtifiwl 
by  650  British  soldiers.  Mass.  sent  a  powerful  force  against  this  point,  <  ""^|,*'T 
ing  of  2,000  soldiers,  in  24  transports,  convoyed  by  19  war-vessels,  catiyin!,'  ■»^| 
cannon.  The  Americans  were  twice  repulsed  from  the  peninsula,  but  afttr  lnj'i"-!! 
100  men  in  a  third  attempt  they  landed  and  opened  battefies.  After  several  (ia.vf 
of  cannonading,  7  British  frigates  (204  guns)  entered  the  bay,  and  bore  down  cj 
the  crescent  line  of  American  ships.     After  one  broadside  the  American  line «' 


MOUNT  DBSEllT. 


^oute4J.    3o;j 


winm,u,reHi;Tan"r'Th;;''''''^"''«^'''"f^^r^^^^^^  ''"^  '"'""it  anions  th 


»liile  5  naval  battio- I....!!!".'  "'"'"""IH  with  th..  ro." i'"'^^  t'""'  tlmt  of  any  New 


'fc"ig  mountains,  to  Bar  Harhnr 
HotMs. _.,„„,„   ,      Mount  Desert.  "nwBor. 

L  '""  ,«■•''«»"••  °f  about  4,000  toiri'      ''  """''«'  """3 

kT"  °  ""^  "noM'ains  challenirin»7f    .        '""""y '»  f"""!!,  -  the 

P  """  -»  °f  *«  -a  runfto'^e  N 'n::'i"r"°r  ""^^  "^"- 

""'"y  ""•»ngh  tte  island. 


I 


304      Route  45. 


MOUNT   DKSEKT. 


!   i 


!,M      'i 


t  \ 


^'il 


TAe  tea-shore  by  Bar  Harbor.  The  view  from  the  village  l«  very 
pretty,  extending;  across  tlie  Porcupine  iHlniuls  in  Frcnclunan'n  May  to 
the  ruIlinK  hills  of  GouldMborough.  Tiicre  arc  ht-nchen  near  the  villap', 
and  the  high  rocky  islet  acmsM  the  narrow  liaibor  is  Bar  Island.  The 
beach  rambles  may  be  done  by  the  vater-sido  at  low  tide,  but  the  cliiif 
points  of  intercHt  are  more  easily  and  safely  reached  by  the  roads  wliiih 
follow  the  Hhore.  Croruwell's  Cove  is  nearly  1^  M.  S.  of  the  villaj^'c,  aiul 
has  bold  clifT-shores,  on  one  of  which  is  seen  the  rock-tigure  called  tiie 
Assyrian.  The  Indian's  Foot  (a  foot-i)rint  in  the  rock)  and  the  I'liliijt 
are  in  this  vicinity.  4  M.  S.  of  Bar  Harbor  (by  a  road  leading  under  New- 
port Mt.  on  the  r.,  and  with  the  Bay  and  the  round-backed  and  bristling 
Porcupine  Islands  on  tlie  1.)  is  fiohooner  Head,  a  high,  wave-washn! 
cliff,  with  a  white  formation  on  its  seaward  side,  which  reseniliks  a 
schooner  under  sail.  It  is  said  to  liave  been  cannonaded  by  a  r>i'iti.sh 
frigate  in  1812.  The  Spouting  Horn  is  a  paseage  voni  through  the  ililF, 
through  which  the  billows  sweep  in  stomiy  weather,  and  form  nn  inter- 
mittent fountain  above  the  cliff.  The  Mermaid's  Cave  is  S.  of  the  Head, 
and  IJ  M.  beyond  is  *  Great  Head  (gained  by  a  field-path  to  the  1. ),  "  the 
highest  headland  between  Cape  Cod  and  New  Brunswick,"  with  womier- 
ful  cliffs  and  chasms,  and  a  broad  sea-view.  Newport  Beach  stretclics 
beyond  Great  Head  to  Thunder  Cave  (entered  only  by  boat),  whicii  is  in 
the  lofty  Otter  Creek  Cliffs, 

6  -  7  M.  N.  W.  of  Bar  Harbor  are  the  Ovens,  a  range  of  caves  in  the 
porphyritic  cliffs  on  Salisbury  Cove,  wliere  the  sea  has  produced  some 
fine  effects  of  beach  and  worn  rocks  and  bright  and  dripping  ledges.  The 
Via  Mala  is  a  long  passage  in  the  neighboring  cliffs.  At  Hull's  Cove 
(Hull's  Cove  House,  $7-10.00  a  week),  2  M.  N.  of  Bar  Harbor,  is  a  neat 
crescent  beach,  near  which  the  Gregoires  dwelt.  Madame  Marie  Therese 
de  Gregoire  was  the  granddaughter  of  the  Gascon  noble,  Condillac,  to 
whom  the  King  of  France  granted  Mt.  Desert  in  1688.  In  17i>''  she 
claimed  and  r  ceived  the  island,  and  lived  here  with  M.  Gregoire  until  her 
death  (about  1810).  From  Point  Levi,  N.  of  the  Cove,  a  fine  view  is 
given  of  Frenchman's  Bay,  which  is  10-12  M.  long  and  about  8  M.  wiih', 
with  Newport  and  Schoodic  Mts.  on  r.  and  1.,  at  its  entrance, —  ''the 
Pillars  of  Hercules  at  Mt.  Desert." 

*  Jordan's  Pond  is  9  M.  S.  W.  of  Bar  Harbor,  by  a  road  passing 
through  Echo  Notch.  About  8  M.  beyond  the  village  a  side  road  to  ths 
r.  is  taken,  which  leads  to  the  lake,  situated  between  the  noble  cliffs  ot 
Sargent's  Mt.  on  the  W,  and  Mt.  Pemetic  on  the  K,  with  the  Bubble, 
Mts.  on  the  N.  The  banks  of  this  lakefmusli  the  most  beautiful  pros-i 
pects  on  the  island,  with  rare  combinations  of  the  charms  of  mountain- 
waters  and  mountain-cliffs.  The  lake  is  2  M.  long,  and  ^  M.  wide,  aniij 
affords  good  trout-fishing. 


lagl 

i/arlior, 

1.'  A/,  lot 

H,  ami  .S 

*an(i-l)(.;i 

from  the 

waters. 

*  Oreei 

ill  4  M.    ' 
the  niirlit 

•Vo  Otlior  j; 

the  U.  s 
"'e  coast  c; 
«iile  coiitras 
""s  i^hinda, 
"•■"t  '••atnrei 
along.     vVe 
"'e  two  gra] 
'"•"J'V  IJje  hi 
'''■'il  place." 
kkhoust'  hei 
"'■(iiei.sland,  : 

'" "'« ''i'stancJ 
">oteiV.  (100  ] 

"'"s  describes 

,J'  "II'  /ill  ,J    M,„,| 

i  A?).''""'  ">e  WMti 

^/'e  Green-AfA 

"^eenbuiJt. 

T'"^  'y-  a  stl 
,  ^'  ^''e  'iiaximl 
P' season. 


'^i 


OKEEN   MT. 


Jiontf  45.     305 


(6  I*  very 

^\,e  villap'. 
Aantl.    'll>c 
t  tliu  »l>i^^^f 
roatls  wlii'li 
viUivHC  .-^'"^ 
re  cii\^'"l  ll>« 
1  the  l'"H'i^ 

and  bristling 

I  by  a  I'li^i^^' 
,o„gh  the  ailT, 

form  '"^  io^^"^- 
jj  of  th.'  IK'i^'^' 

••  with  voik'.ov- 

Beach  stretches 

oat),  ^-^^i*^^'  i''  "^ 

,  of  caves  in  tlie 
\  produced  s-e 

^  At  HulV.  Cove  I 
Harbor,  is  a  ue.t 
^,e  Marie  'Vher^^^e 
,^le,  Condilh^c,  0 

.GregoireuutiUer 
ve,  a  ftne  view  ^^ 

about  8  M.-^. 

entrance,  - 

lost  beautif"^  ri 
larrns  o'  "' . ,    .nJ 


Eagle  Lake  (ho  nainml  by  F.  E.  Church,  the  artist)  is  2^  M.  W.  uf  Bar 

liiulior,  uml  is  n-aclu-d  hy  n  patli  leaving  tho  road  near  Gnun  Mt.  It  is 
'I  M.  long,  with  Gri'oii  Mt.  on  the  E.,  Sarpent  and  the  Huhblo  Mts.  on  the 
S,  .111(1  S.  W.,  and  the  hold  peak  of  I'l-nietic  on  tin-  H.  There  are  jiretty 
saml-lii'ache.s  on  the  shores,  and  the  ascent  of  Mt.  Penietic  may  be  inuda 
from  the  S.  end.  There  are  many  trout  in  these  calm  and  tnuis])arent 
watiTs. 

*  Oreen  Mt.  is  near  Bar  Harbor,  from  which  a  roail  leads  to  the  sumnut 
in  4  M.     There  is  a  small  hotel  on  the  sumndt,  where  accommodations  for 
the  iii|;tht  maybe  obtaineil.     "The  view  from  Green   Mt.  is  delightful. 
No  otlier  peak  of  tho  same  height  can  be  found  on  the  Atlantic  coast  of 
the  U.  S.,  from  Lubec  to  the  ilio  Grande,  nor  from  any  other  point  on 
the  coast  can  so  fine  a  view  be  obtained.     The  boumlless  (u'.ean  on  the  one 
side  contrasting  with  high  mts.  on  the  other,  and  along  the  shore  numer- 
ous islands,  appearing  like  gems  set  in  li(|uid  i)earl,  form  the  most  pronu- 
iicnt  features  in  the  scene.     White  sails  dotted  over  the  water  glide  slowly 
along.     We  know  not  what  view  in  nature  can  be  finer  than  this,  where 
tlie  two  grandest  objects  in  nature,  high  ntts.  aud  a  limitless  ocean, 
ocruiiy  the  horizon.     The  name  of  E<k'n  is  truly  appropriate  to  this  beau- 
tiful iilace."    20  M.  out  on  the  ocean  is  seen  Mt.  Deseit  Rock,  with  its 
li^'litluiuse  bearing  a  fi.xed  white  light.     In  the  W.  are  the  numerous  mts. 
of  the  island,  with  bright  lakes  interspersed,  while  the  Camden  Mts.  are 
ill  the  distance.     It  is  said  that  Katahdin  is  sometimes  visible  in  the  re- 
mote N.  (100  M.  away).     Frenchman's  Bay,  with  its  many  islands,  and 
the  Gouldsborough  Mts.  ])eyon(l,  is  outspread  on  the  E.     It  is  claimed 
that  Mt.  Washington  has  been  seen  from  tins  point,  140  M.  W.    WLittier 
thus  describes  this  view  (in  "Mogg  Megone"). 


"The  honnit  pHest,  who  tingeri  now 
Ontlif  Itiild  Mouiitiiin'g  Hhnihleati  brow, 
Thi'Bruy  and  lhiiii(kT-8iiiittcn  pile 
nliicli  iimrki  ufar  tlie  Desert  Isle, 
"hilp  gnziiig  on  the  Hccnei  below, 
May  hull' torget  the  druan)8  of  home. 

Fir  eastward  o'er  the  lovely  bny, 
PciiobstMit's  cluttered  wigwams  lay  j 

E«nenth  the  westward  turning  eye 
Athousniid  wooded  islands  lie,— 
demsoftliL'  wnters  I  —  with  ouch  hue 
^f  briglitiicss  set  in  ocean's  blue. 

There  deep  Placrntia's  sroiip,  —  and  there 
•^we  Brtteaux  uiorki  the  hour  of  prayer. 


And  there,  beneath  tlio  iea-worn  cliff, 
t)n  which  the  Kutlicr's  hut  is  seen. 
The  Indian  stays  Ids  rovkinft  HlcilT, 
And  poem  tho  heiMlock-houfrli«  between, 
Ilulf  trembling,  its  he  seeks  to  loolc 
tliion  the  Jesnit's  Cross  and  Rook. 
Tlioro,  gliM>mily  apiiinst  iho  sky 
The  Dark  lilies  r(>ar  their  summits  high  ; 
And  Desert  Kock,  r>hriipt  and  bare, 
Lifts  its  gray  turrets  in  the  iiir, 
Seen  from  afar,  like  lome  stronghold 
Built  liy  the' ocean -kings  of  old  : 
And,  fuint  us  smoke-wreath  white  and  thin 
Swells  in  the  north  viist  Katnhdin  ; 
And  wandering  from  its  maishy  feet 
The  brood  Penobscot  comes  to  meet 
Aud  mingle  witli  his  owu  bright  bay." 


Hie  Gi'ven-Mvuntain  Railway  was  built  in  1883,  6,300  ft.  long,  to  the 
Bopnf  Green  Mt.,  1,532  ft.  above  the  sea,  where  a  comfortable  new  hotel 
p  been  built.     Backboards  run  from  Bar  Harbor  to  Eagle  Lake,  which 

'crossed  by  a  steamboat  to  the  railway  station.    Tho  average  rise  is  1  ft. 

'''Ji  the  maximum,  1  iu  3.    The  summit  is  visited  by  6-8,000  persons 

Rf.v  season. 


\    ! 


ill 


,,;i   t 


30G     It<nUe45. 


SOMES'  SOUND. 


Mi 


{N  .ii 


Newport  ML  is  near  the  water,  and  commands  a  noble  view  of  "  the 
very  many  sliadowy  mounts  ins  and  the  resounding  sea."  The  ascent  is 
made  from  the  Schooner  Head  road.  Most  of  the  other  mts.  have  ]>mi 
ascended  and  furnish  fine  views,  while  the  summit  of  Kebo  (^  lir.  Ironj 
Bar  Harbor)  alfor        charming  prospect  at  sunset. 


5M.W.of  r 
4  M.  long  and 
is  21  M.  N.  V 
Beech  and 
Harbor,  ar 


'^     ( -  "bor  is  Stal  Cove,  a  small  harbor  neara  lake  which  is 
ry  uai    )w,  under  the  spurs  of  Western  Mt.     L(m;/  Lake 
VV,  Harbor,  and  extends  for  several  miles  between 
tb.      Vlts.  JLcho  Lake  lies  about  3  M.  from  the 

.  M.  long,  with  Dog  Mt.  on  one  shore  and  the  iiii])osintj 
Storm  Cliff  on  Beech  Mt.  on  the  other.  These  large  lakes  are  said  to  be 
well  stocked  with  fish,  and  by  tlie  near  approach  of  the  mts.  thej'  afford 
fine  scenic  effects. 

Beech  JUL  is  often  ascended  from  S.  W.  Harbor  (a  r^ountain  road  runs 
nearly  to  the  summit).  The  view  embraces  Denniny  ^  Lake,  Somes' 
Sound,  the  eastern  group  of  mts.,  and  Frenchman's  Bay,  on  the  E.,  vitli 
Long  Lake,  Western  Mt.,  Blue  Hill,  Penobscot  Bay,  and  the  Cannlen 
Hills,  on  the  W.  The  ocean-view  on  the  S.  is  of  limitless  extent.  The 
bleak  summit  of  Dog  Mt.  and  the  easily  ascended  Flying  Mt.  coniniaiiil 
extensive  prospects  over  Somes'  Sound  on  the  E.  Sargent's  Mt.  and  .\It. 
Mansell  are  sometimes  ascended  from  this  point. 

Somes'  Sound  is  an  arm  of  the  sea  which  extends  up  between  the  int. 
ranges,  for  7  M.,  with  a  width  at  its  entrance  of  2  M.     The  scenery  hm 
has  been  likened  to  the  Delaware  Water  Gap,  to  the  Hudson  River  at  tlie  i 
Highlands,  and  to  Lake  George.     This  deep  fiord  is  a  favorite  sailii:;; 
ground,  although  caution  is  necessary  on  account  of  the  sudden  jrusnj 
which  sweep  down  from  the  mts.     "Somes'  Sound  enables  us  to  .sail| 
through  the  heart  of  the  best  scenery  on  the  Island."    The  Sound  is  ml! 
seen  from  Clark's  Point,  at  S.  W.  Harbor,  and  a  road  leads  near  its  slioro 
to  Somesville,  at  the  N.  end.     After  passing  the  gateway  between  Dogl 
Mt.  on  the  Land  Mt.  Mansell  on  the  r.,  a  broader  expanse  is  entirn 
with  Beech  Mt.  on  the  1.,  and  Green  Mt.  and  the  eastern  group  on  the  i 
Fernald's  Point  13  on  the  W.  shore,  and  is  a  pleasant  spot,  witii  gra>\j 
lawns  and  a  cold,  clear  spring.     This  was  the  seat  of  the  Jesuit  settkiinnf 
of  St.  Sauveur,  and  Father  Biard's  Spring  is  still  .shown.    There  arj 
picturesque  cliffs  on  the  mts.  in  the  vicinity,  and  Flying  Mt.  rises  on 
W.     SomeBville  is  a  small  village  prettily  situated 

the  head  of  the  Sound.     The  central  lakes  and  mts.  are  easily  visit| 
from  this  ])oint,  and  the  boating  and  fishing  on  the  Sound  are  mueh  pnzt 
Somesville  is  6  M.  from  S,  W.  Harbor,  8  M.  from  Bar  Harbor,  andJ^ 
from  Fernald's  Point. 

In  1603  Henri  IV.  of  France  granted  to  the  Sieur  de  Monts  all  the  Anieriij 
Bliores  between  the  present  sites  of  Pliiladelpliia  and  Quebec,  under  the  miiu*J 
Acadia.    While  De  Monts  and  Chaniplaiu.were  exploring  their  vast  domain, 


till 


(25 


IJIJI'S  J. 


MOUNT  DESERT.  „    ,    ,       „ 

."ll.e  peaks  Of  thi.i,hnH      .-  *'•     ^"'^ 

eiiw°n  "",""'!"  '•'t"^^U-t  mXT"'  "■'  '»  heaven  "t,,''  'A  '"^.P""  « 

ing.  Father  Lu  Tlierw7^  'x  ""'^  *""•<  tlie  Frfn  •>.  ^r       ^^""  «'"P  entereVfh2 
!"  'roi.    In  1762  Mt  £1?'^'""^  '""'  ^^^eklcdun^T^  «'-«nted  by  Lo    s 


h(,t/-N        .     ,  ^'  ^" J  I'lside  of  flinc.„  •  '     *^'"-^^»  "on-es,  and 

r     C,a  I,e,„,  j„„     ^„j  ;,„;,,''""'■•'  "">»P™  ^ea  „,„l  ,1, 

h"-  "■■  "ft">^:^;:;t!^:"r  ■•  f"^™  ^'-"  ^"*»"  /'»», 


fi  = 


■It 


:•    !l 


.1^ 


r 


-  'OB    ' 

11  ll 


I        •! 


307  a     Route  45.     SOUTHWEST  HARBOR. 


■     :  '     ^ :  ''' 


I  ''  ;  l      1 


between  the  harbor  and  Somes  Sound,  and  include  the  summer-homes  nf 
Bishop  Doane,  of  Albany  (Episcopal),  Erastus  Corning,  S.  D.  Sargent, 
Moorfield  Story,  and  others,  and  the  pretty  church  of  St.  Mary's-by-the- 
Sea.  Paths  lead  to  the  top  of  Sargent  Mountain  in  i  M.,  and  in  2  M.  to 
the  top  of  Brown  Mountam,  noble  and  interesting  view-points.  Fiom 
Gilpatrick's  Cove,  near  the  cottages,  boatmen  will  row  visitors  arn»-= 
Somes  Sound,  to  Southwest  Harbor,  in  li  M.  A  short  distance  N.  h 
Manchester  Point,  or  Jndian  Head,  a  bold  headland  making  out  into 
Somes  Sound.    The  City  of  Richmond  calls  at  Northeast  Harbor. 

Southwest  Harbor  {Claremont  House,  S12-15aweek;  Island  House; 
Dingo  House,  all  on  Clark's  Point,  near  the  steamboat-wharf;  Fretman 
House,  in  the  village  at  the  head  of  the  harbor,  nearly  1  M.  distant;  Ocean 
House,  S  8  - 12  a  week,  across  the  harbor ;  Stanley  House,  near  King 
Point,  on  the  S.  side  of  the  harbor)  is  an  interesting  summer-resort  neaf 
the  mouth  of  Somes  Sound,  about  15  M.  by  road  from  Bar  Harbor.    The 
various  steamboats  from  the  W.  all  stop  here;  and  boats  also  run  fre- 
quently to  the  Cranberry  Isles,  Somesville,  etc.     Greeninr/'s  Island  is  jiut 
off-shore,  on  the  E.,  with  the  villas  of  Northeast  Harbor  visible  beyond. 
3-4  M.  S.  W.  is  the  Sea-Wall  {Sea-Wall  House),  a  ridge  of  small  stones 
thrown  up  by  the  sea,  1  M.  long  and  15  ft.  high,  with  the  road  running 
along  its  top,  going  on  to  Ship  Harbor,  Bass-Harbor  Head,  and  Bast 
Harbor  ( West-Side  House;  Tremont  House),  a  busy  fish-packing  port  on 
the  W.  side  of  the  island. 


S'l 


«ncJ 


SORRENTO. -CUTLER 

Hartor,  and  «.,„,  „^|„^  y.  20-^0  mmute,  (,,.  steamt™,  f^"V 

•tout  8,800  coeeage-loe,  on  eM,"?''"'"'"' °' »'"""' Ucsot?,  ?" 
favorite  resort  of  well  ZT  f      ',  °'  "'""<■  '"""^g.   and  i,T  °' 

:r j;i,tTee:"r"^  ^ 

'»  the  mainland  h  ""'  "'"'  '''Is,  forests  a„;i   ,        ^ "    ®°''™'»<> 

a  number  of  h«n^  ^®^"  ^^^ured  here  br  thtn  M    .       ^°^^'  and 

■        ^"^  °^  handsome  suminerw>nff„  -^  *"®  ^"^'er  Land  Co    «« i 


1? 


ir 


'•  "^  ^-^'^-n'  «-i;rBarH:r  \;« -bed  ^-^^  --^o. 

'"''    ^'  *>««  ff«od  facilities  for 


p  :  '» 


■II    'l' 


\i 


'  I 


307  C      iioufe  '^. 


ISLE  AU   HAUT. 


1-^? 


'  "l      l! 


','  t^ZAGould^oi^'y-'''""  "r^   hcroe   dead  in  the  civil  «.r. 

route  to  »!>-  -     Desert.     It  is  i  »a-  Boston  and 

««..r^p  from  Boston  to  ou-  ^  .Desert  steamers  ot  lue  u«^ 

r:«i.8e  on  r.- 'f;.;r;„; : "»  h^i^o.  v™.;..-^  » ,": 

Bangor  Line  <"'"^'  »' ^.Le  are  ^mi^ailv  boats  ''';"f  J„  j{„,u,a,,d 

Isle  au  Haut  lies  z*  ^^^^^'9  Laiiam^  ,,icturesciue 

to  Green's  Landing,  24  M. ,  an  ^  ^^^^  tj,,.o«gh  «^  V'^u      i 

Hair  on  Isle  au  Ua.it  it  -^^^^;      ,    ^^.^aing,  ^^-^'^V^""  ^oTro' 

*"°'\  *"  r  e  i  a.  dVe.o„.»  many  a.iract.<ms  o  tl  e   un  ^^  ^^^^  ^^^. 

mon.ta.     H.e  Kla  d  p  ,„„perature  p.«  "';";;/„„  mainland. 

i,  „cll-wooded ;  and  a"  « 1  „  farther  E.  or  """■ '  j  („,„ 

.„„,with  n.K.l,  1«  «0S  *;     „  „^a,  V.h  a  *ore.  .n=  ^^^^^ 

Isle  an  Haut  t»  6  1>5  ^  '  ,,    „,  Milton,  and  "rP"""        "      „,„. 

.distance  resen*lesU«  Be  H___^^^^^^  ,  has^a^^  _^^ 

«ch  pnrple  hf^;^^]  \",,.,i„e.    The  >=l»"t.'rhe.rted  and  ho^pKa*- 
,picuoa»  notch  near  "»  "^       Thoroughfare,  k™*"' f»''f  ,,„»  toili 

Cstered  in  a  "'O?!"""' ,,„.i„g  accommodations  tor  20  B™'   '        ,j , 
A  comfortable  <='""■•.'>-•»;.  '^^"8^^,„„,i,y  of  the  >^  """l;,,^ " '' °  b„«. 

rrrCer-.mamGT«.e.an^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

"peer  l»l^(^«"f ^1      tit.  and  a,300  ">'»^;  »  ;■ -rf»-4 

:.;•  wt'wn.'.ine  roads,  P-^  ^^^J^f  farm  ^"^'^^ 

'""  r^'de^lirit't  iS:  .Very  -son    ^^^^^^.n  >''"] 
citv-boarderh  Msit  i-"^         4.  *v,o «;  end  of  Deer  isie ,  »»  r-u«wort>l 

Lily  at  0-- Landmt- ^^^^^^^^  „„.e  «-  XC-"  ^"  H 
,on  touches  at  I<.  >>  _  gnra.^we)  is  -n  arcnipe    b  j  i^ors » 

islesboro  («7;to  ma"  imo' nhabitants.    Many  sun.mer 
scot  Bay,  with  l,aw  m* 
found  here. 


■% 


LEWiSlo.v. 


H 


iS' 


RouUitl.     307^ 


^.-^e.  onV,.,,,e,:],-"'       ™-«.*  «  M.  io,«  .„„,„  ,„:'t  ^^ 

''r;:h'n'Tr ''^''''«       »;-»„,.„,„,„,  .„„„  „, 

^'■!-    The  Bri,i,,h  w„r.ve.sel,  the  "  jr  '""''  »""  «"""v  .eltled 

''"  '  "'""'"-q-oddv  Iml/ans.  "''"'«"  "'  J'"  l-y  ti.e  militia  a„d 

Ka'  way ,,  ,,^^^^^^  At  DanvMe  .unction  the  Grand  T^k 

station,  Auburn  (m^  «  ■••luiiK 

"a-s  a  population  of  6  ififl      -.r"     '^""^^™  became  a  citv  in  isaq       , 

works     T^K„  A    ,  '^^"'  ^ith  nianv  liro-A  .i      ^"  """J^  ^n  J  869,  and 

o^J^s.     The  Androscoggin  Countv  >^    m-     ^    s^»o«-factories  and  othpr 

wCl    /""'""""■"'P'"  ""M'ngsinNe^S"-,    ''"''  *'«"'  ^  if 
«orU,  ,'•""''"*'»■■«  mvested  i„  the«  w,„.|.     ■,?'""  »"<!  'voolleii  mill, 

I  ""' ^^^°""g  people  in  the  nVi,v 


(^' 


•fl 


ir-ra 


ti! 


,lp 


1; 


.    ,^  READFIELD. 


,uiu  noUbU.  The  b.^Oe  --^^^^^  ^  f^ "  tX^  bu"  U^"  C"'; 
lemU^  FalU,  where  the  ,  ver  b.eric,  o      _     ^ ^^^^    6pK ^j- 'K,'™, 

inaton.  .  qi  m    bv  stage  from  V®!*    s  h«^  recently  become  the  c uiu 

Poland  Sl.rfng,  ,3.  JItJLk  Uue  to  L«>*'f  «'V' ^luiL  oTwhlch  are  export.) 
branch  runs  f'^^^^'i*^  ^S'ue  Tl^"  «'^**'  ^^'^"^  V«tomrh  iseasea,  dropsy,  bc.o  - 
Kland  wtttering-plice  ot  Ma^^ut^  ^^^  ^^^^^^^y  *"^'fT^bove  the  sea.  with  eltv  - 
I  singularly  pure  and  Is  b.ne  ^^^^^^    structure  800  ^^^^^^IVtes.  $12-20  a  .c.U. 

Bates  college  is  back  of  Lew.ston,  -"^^J^^^^^^^^^^.i.t  Chuvcb.  and  bo. 

turaturiS^vVumes  h.  the  l.bravy.  ^^^  ^^^^.^^  ,,,„,  o| 

After  leaving  Lewiston  the  tm>n  P^^^^^  ^^     ^J     ^^^,,,,),  j^onmout/., 
G,t^e,  Xe...  (Where  ^^^ ^^^-^JS  J  v  nl^e,  near  We  Mara^ao- 
and  WintHrop  (  Wiaikrop  ^«;-  '^^^^   ^^  iovely%vinding  lake  wh.ch 
cook,  the  chief  picnx  ^.7"Vtll,,V^' Picturesque  islands.    W.  of  the 
9  M.  lon^'  and  1  M.  wule,  ^f  f  ^ ''     ^^j^^  ^ts.  are  seen.  . 

viUagc  is  Mt.  risgah,  from  wh.ch  te  WhUe  M      ^^^^^  ^^^  g 

Station,  Beadfteld  (Klmwood)  ^be  -a   «f^  .„  ig^S,  and  has  lo 

nary  and  Female  College,  which  ^^^^  Farmington,  Fayette,  and 
"tudents  (both  sexes).     Stages  -nt^^^^^^^^^^^  .„  ^  ,,,„  ^Uose  ..v- 

ChesterviUe.     Station,  f  ^^/''f  ^    bSs  M^^^^^  ^«^^'  ^^"' 

face  .s  largely  composed  o    la^ce  •    ^^^^^^^^^^^ ,,,  ^f  vhich  is  be  wee 
near  the  track  (on  the  r.),  there  are  severa  ^^^^^     ^^^^  ^^,^ 

Belg  1.  1^--'  ^"^  ^'-"«',^"'  Tk^ou!'  sires,  and  several  islands 
quifepiciuresque,  with  irreg.ular  and  b^^^^^^^^^^ 

Stage^rnn  daily  from  Belg-de  t<>  Bel.ra^^^^^^^^       ^^     ^^^^  -^r'tlS 
iakes-  and  to  New  Sharon,  16  M.,  ami  a  ^     stations,  AT.  BdoradeQ^i- 
S    'of  Belgrade  abound  -/^J  ^^^^^^^^^^^         the  Augusta  Div.s.on  of 
land  iOaUana  House)  and  Wa  em    ;^  ^^^^^  ^^^^.^^^^  j,.,,,,,,). 
the  M.C.  Railway  umtesvvith  the  P 
^'aterviUe  to  Baugor,  see  Koute  4/. 


m 


BRUNSWICK. 


Rmie  47.     309 


lew  of  tbe 

y  stage  frov 

'.A)0  ft.  ttbovo 
Vi\aney,a">i 
o.n  AuburiJ 

lence  a  s^',":* 
ou>otbcch.e 

drop*>y,  ^":;- 

buUdir.gs-    It 
a  135  students, 

arming  to^"^f 
es)    3/cmmouth, 

„g  lake  ^vhicb  19 
nds.    ^V-«^^'' 
'  Wesleyan  Setrii- 
823,  and  bas  ^ 
ton,  rayette,  and 
i  to^vn  ^Uose  . m- 

^,hichiBbet^veeU 

ilea.    This^aU^/ 
d  several  islands 
■^bet^-eeut.vogvea 
'^UeU)and.stu.e^ 

.ugusta  Division  oi 
stonDivisiou)- 


47.  Portland  to  Augusta  and  Bangor. 

Portland  to  Bangor,  138  M.  Three  through  trains  daily,  and  4  trains  daily  to 
Augusta  (63  M.).  This  is  the  favorite  route  from  Portland  to  the  East,  passing 
throu^'h  the  valley  of  the  Kennebec,  and  by  Brunswick,  Gardiner,  Hallowell,  and 
Auj^uAta.  The  trains  on  the  Koston  &  Maine  Railroad  from  Boston  malce  close  con- 
nfctioiis  at  Portland  with  this  line,  and  some  of  tlie  cars  pass  over  on  to  its  rail«. 
Time  is  given  for  dinner  at  the  Union  Station  in  Portland. 

After  leaving  Portland,  the  train  passes  over  the  suburban  plains,  and 

[stops  at  WoodforiVs  and   Westbrook.    The  latter  is  a  populous  town, 

Kith  6,630  inhabitants  (in  3  villages),  and  has  large  paper  manufactories 

land  works  for  canning  corn,  lobsters,  &c.     Crossing  now  the  farming 

Itown  of  Cumberland,  the  line  intersects  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  at 

Irarmow^A  (restaurant  at  the  station),  and  then  passes  on  to  Freeport,  a 

pillage  at  the  head  of  Casco  Bay,,  devoted  to  shipbuilding.     The  rural 

Itation  of  Oak  Hill  is  next  passed,  and  then  the  train  enters  Brunswick 

|J5o!oc?om  House  ;  Tontine  Hotel ;  restaurant  in  the  station). 

I  Pcjepscot  was  settled  in  16i.S,  under  a  patent  ft-om  Plymouth,  and  was  soon 
fesi;;iieil  to  Mass.,  under  whose  protection  a  flourishing  colony  settled  here.  It 
las  ilestioyed  by  the  Indians  in  1676,  and  afterwards  the  territory  was  bought  of 
Vt  'i'l  local  chiefs.  The  conflicting  claims  between  the  Plymouth  patent  and 
kii  liiter  i)iirchase  gave  rise  to  the  most  long  and  vexatious  lawsuit  in  the  annals 
I  Maine.  The  proprietors  built  Fort  Georf;e  at  Pejepscot,  and  in  consideration 
t4iju  iVom  the  province  and  exemption  from  taxes  for  4  years,  they  maintained 
[tlie  lolony  a  clergyman,  a  schoolmaster,  and  a  sergeant  with  15  soldiers.  The 
p  was  on  the  W.  side  of  the  Androscoggin  River,  at  the  Lower  Falls,  and  was 
fx'\  tlie  key  of  Western  Maine,  since  it  guarded  the  favorite  pass  of  the  Ana- 
pntii'ook  Indians.  It  was  erected  in  1715,  after  the  town  had  been  destroyed 
fwiid  time  (in  1690).  In  1722  Fort  George  was  flanked,  and  the  town  was  once 
ire  ruinud  by  the  revengeful  Indians.  The  Anasagunticooks  migrated  to  St 
PiK'is  later  in  the  century,  and  the  district  was  soon  reoccupied  by  the  English, 
"  ill  1737  received  the  name  of  Brunswick. 


't 


•  n!'.; 


M' 


ini 


\\l 


BOWDOIN  COLLEGE. 

310    Haute  47-  i  ,i,p  head  of  tide-watH 

,oriingatargewater-l.owa,l  „i,„.av-..»- 

,.'      This  institution  WM  i..cot,»,atcd  ^,,1519,000  a  year  1-r  i 

TlUe  cntro  of  H.o  ""=.  >■""""■"  *  J' a  er  the  'station  is  a  larsc  .•.«! 
;:;         L      of  *.uary  and  ,>ai,.Un^.     ^-'    j'^^aieal  Sohooi  is  acr« 

Cavorite  walks  for  the  stude^-  Ba.don^ --^E^^.C 

Bowdoin.  was  a  t"^i«i^^  ^  ^^^  last-naTiied  was  a  stu  .^^  ^^^^^j^y^  fl,  ail 

James  Bowdmn  the  son  o^  ^^^^^  ot  ^"f^  *  ?'aUery.    Some  of  the  vaiitf 

I   Venus  etiuipving  ^"1^^^' 5-' «   studio  scenes;  'O'^f  ^"tient,  attrlhuUd'i 
(peihaps  only  a.tme  copy).  5   6.^;,^.   ^^    Surgeon  ^l  Sian'lands.aF,  J 

eS'-       :  KSscafes  ;  17^^  in^e^^  f^^g' o'ld  T^ ev  H^rJ 


tistinachargeisa^-  -v;^^^„,i .  38,  A^o^VXvn^ss  ;  44,  *  H«ly  t'»\";,''di 
Momm  Catacomhs.il,  ^^^\  j,,^^,,  u,  the  ^^ i^^^*,  "iVih  '  46  Simon  and  tli  ^i 
Sscent  from  i^^e  Ch";- • /"'^s^  Translation  of  W- J^^'  •    ^^^  Inqixi^itioj.  J  J 


-AUGUSTA. 


RoiUe  47. 


«' yond  Brunswick  (he  n    •     ,•  '  ''''^ 

a>l.lap,.^oac,•lu^s.^^l^/k  ,,f  m"'';-''"'  ^"''"«  N.,  crosses  th.  ^    , 


T>  I  <»  F'"eii,  also  tri-weeklv 

aiiilapj) 
•oi 

'■'.'f-  with  (lailv.sia-es  t.,         i  ,•  .  '  '""""facturii ,,;)?•    -"^""lona 

"veklv  papers   lo  ,.i.      i  '^      **  ^""y  "f  •*,•■>()()  ini.-.i  if    1    Gardiner  (./o/<«. 

"'"n2.5ft   •      v"  /,    '^  .''-'^'-'''''I'l^t-c.    Tho  Com  ,,       •  '^"^  '"  winter,   and 
J  !""tiori,  HaUowel  //>  //      M  ^'  abounding  in 

ht'ti?^t'^'>^^^::irr^!:^^"'^ « ....-e. ...  L 

f;  ^^^  ^'^^  ^0"?T,  and  15  ft.  above  h\JT\  ''  ^'"  ^reat  Kennebec 

r  "3'ia:atio»i  «f +1.      •  "^  "'"h-water  mark-      p„o,- 1      •       '"^'"^^ 

ler  pff      :        *^^  river  above,  this  d.m  f  ^^^''^es  improving 

hestnnated  at  3,700  net  horiptver      t.     ""'  '"  ""'"^"^^  ^^''^t'^'" 

I  ^^^'  0^  Augusta  lies 


m'\ 


\' 


\  f;i  ii'  iff! 


■1  'i 


312    Uoiitefl^- 


AUGUSTA. 


while  the  height.  •>»«  ™ 
a,o„g  the  r.  hank  of  '>-  ^ver,  «;J  ,„.„,„;.  The  '..ndj- ^0,.;^^ 
Icupied  hy  »'7'°'':  ""ton  the  verge  of  the  ".'se,  "^^  »»'^,„^  „„„, 
tionai  n.„rch,  of  gm  *>■. "  farther  S.,  on  f  "'jJ^.^tLty,  a.l  W 

with  a  «°"'''^>- J'  ',t :«!  teat..«  consist  o    --^^^„,„.  while  *,. 
ana  its  v™"'!'"'  f,""  o„„liU.ie  eol«n.n»  of  the  D" "•  j  h„u  »f 

tag  a  eolonnade of  W  n.ono  .^  ^^^^  f  "torn  and  haltkt- 

aUisagraeefuidome      " '-^  ^.y,  go  """"  i^War^or  the  U- 

ported  hy  8  eolnm"».  »*  '^  P        .egimentsl"  tl>e  War  1  ,^,^^^1 

Lgs  wh,ch  were  horne  h>^««  ^„^  „,,„»  t""l«  »  *^^.„,„, ,,  J 

It  is  said  that  not  »  «»8J?'„rtillery  are  arranged  on  tl  e  s^  ^^  J 

pennons  of  the  "^^l'^,"  \t  J  Bag'  -"■"■"  «    „  re  of    he  tall  >\ 
I  the  adjacent  lohtaes  a  e  10       ^^^^^^^^^^,^^  ™  *"  f  °on  the  .»».  J 

the  troops  of  M='»<^-     ""  Vsin  is  stoeUed  w.th  "°  *    ^t„,R„,„s  J 

„eat  little  *o™ta'n  ^l-- _     ^.^  ^„„„„  ^tinc^ta     O:  one  side  o.  j 

portraits  of  G°«"  °^,,,„ts  Washington  '^f^^^Z..    From  the  «4 

Gen.  Knox,  and  Presi '        chanAerlain,  by  Jf^"™'     ,  u„„se,  of  M 

hall  is  a  fine  hnst  of  Gov^  ^  „,  „,  tl>e  Sena  e  ""J  H"^^       J 

rtory  aceess  n,ay  be    ™ed  t    ^^  ^^_^  ^^.^^  ^;°';![ '^  ^f  C^hos.  J 

-'""'tk^i  valt     Still  higher  .VP.S  tV  d^|.  ^^  ^^^^      J 

S(L:[ir%i.a^^- 

sr:-n' tht':;-  .^Tt--"  ^-  n 

;r  ^;ti=^-:r  :^e  hnildi.  on  t.  h.4 

paU«.ts  and  -  1-^^^^^^^  g^^^^^  ^,,p,  several  thousa^       ^^^^^^^  ^^^^J 
nai,  where  the  ^ mt  .^i^^,  of  ^var     Th^r  ^^^^  ^^ 

„,a.y  cannon  ai^aotheT  ^^^^^^^^  ^^^'^^"fof  t  e  ''''^'''' 

.  •        The  HospitaUnd  ^  ^^^^  ^,^^  ,oot  «^J.^^      bridge, 

by  crossing  ^^e  l^"g  ^^^  ^„a  graceful  iron 

afforded  views  oi  the  sio 


AUGUSTA. 


Haute  47.     313 


<imml.,.,l  toM;/".'.':v"'""  expense  of  S  ;uim  nn,r''r I!''  «•«•"  established 


^'i,'Msta  occupies  part,  of  th.  „     ,  '  ''''^"'^'l'"*?  iu  bass.    ^'  ^^  ""''^  »^ 

„„,"•;"; l^-  bank  of  "l//t,  i-e^E   ;«  War)/  and  In  ^"f  Fort  w'  T'  '""'t 

['";';ie  lMtt«aux  in  whid,  t te "S  ,,  ""  <«""""n.l  rSe    ,S  S  '"''''  ^'^OO 
I,  -i ''»";,'  portage  tlipn  / .,,    * .     l""'''*^'-  was  asepi„|p,i  ,,"  "^^"  '"'  some  time 

IwianiPd  them  to 7 •    „^f  '  '""'''•  ""^ exposure  to  )i  .'     '  "■''  "^''^  ascended 

r 'Itiiiii.ited  at  CoKi  h'  ^•'  ^"''*  ^00  men  in  ih^vl,}\K'''*'''  "^  «^awn  and 
l«i,  !13  M.  from  kV;™?,|  ■'"•fraJ  "ion.      •■  '  "'"'  '"  ""lUBrous  raids 

F!u^JS=^«  ;::,""---'  '5;/rir^?^;^  St  ?J 

I  »n  from  Augusta  to  W  r,.rH-        r  ""^  ^euuebeo 

^«l^i"g.    The  lake  is  .lui:^^:,:^,T  ''■  ^-  ^^"^  -d 
P«'s,  and  empties  bv  th.  Q  k    .  °  ^^  Projecting  points 


IL 


t' 


314    Ji»„u47. 


WATEKVILLE. 


,'  I 


Beyoiul  Vussalhoro,  the  tn»iii  jjassos  throiigli  Wiiislyw,  ami  trottses  :f,( 
Keiinobt'c  near  its  confluence  with  the  Scbiwtii'ook.  Tl»e  ruins  of  f, 
Halifax  nro  H«un  on  the  IdufT  point  just  S.  of  the  union  of  flie  riv, 
Tl  is  fort  was  one  of  a  chain  orcctcd  by  Mass.  to  (h-funcl  the  .Mainfi  co, 
from  Frencli  raids.  It  was  built  by  Clov.  Shirhiy  in  1754,  ami  umi 
by  130  men,  until  its  abandonment,  after  the  Peace  of  I'arii  {]'i; 
Larye  Imlian  settlements  formerly  occupied  the  intervales  in  this  viiir 
and  as  early  as  l(J7«i  envoys  of  Massachusetts  came  here  to  ditacli 
tribe  from  King  I'hilip's  Confederation,  —  au  vnsuccessful  attcini.t. 

Waterville  {*Klmwood  House,  $7-18  a  week),  a  city  of  o.OOO 
liabitants,  near  the  Taconic  Falls  on  the  Kennebec  Uiver,  is  Imilt  alui 
rambling  streets  un  a  broad  plain  above  the  river,  and  has  some  liamlxj 
residences.  Near  the  station  are  the  buildings  of  Colby  Uuiveri 
(founded  in  1813),  which  has  9  instructors  and  150  students,  with  i 
lu-ary  of  20,000  volumes.     This  institution  is  under  the  care  nf  ilit-  iia[) 


To  (he  S. 
If.  Stwport, 


ffoteN.  _  • 

lin'itiivcr-por 
iJallroiulM.  - 

"'IPi'cvnfjiiN  I 
Wf  f-int",  to  EJ 
P(ages  1  iin  tr, 

m  Troy,  Unit 
mntm  ;  to  (1 
Bdinjrton.  Cliftoi 


Church,  and  besides  the  usual  barrack-like  dormitories  of  Ann-n^ 
colleges  it  has  two  handsome  new  stone  buildings.  On  f)iie  sideis 
new  granite  Scientific  Dei)artment,  wldlo  the  other  wing  of  tlie  limj 
o.;cupie«i  by  a  iine  stone  buihling  with  a  tower.  The  lower  part  of  | 
edifice  is  occupied  by  the  library,  while  the  u])per  part  is  coiistini'ti 
a  Memorial  Hall.  On  one  sMe  of  tlds  hall  is  a  fine  nionunieiit  Ivj 
more,  representing  a  colossal  dead  lion,  ti-ansfixed  }»y  a  sjiear,  witii 
agonized  face,  and  with  his  paw  resting  on  the  shield  of  the  Uiiionj 
adaptation  of  Tliorwaldsen's  Lion  at  Liicerne).  Below  tliis  larj-'ej 
beautiful  work  is  a  tablet  (also  of  marble)  containing  the  names c 
former  students  wlio  fell  in  the  War  for  the  Union,  with  the  insciip 


^'  ''  a  IiaM(I> 
i['n'a(i(,ii  on  the 

''■'''(•■'i  into  Uv 
'^^fi'e.'ini.     xj 

l<"■"'"^'flli,s.strei 

""^''^'i"'  hnihii, 

"'-•y  t'ian  is  fe, 

!'a"f'<  (in  I8( 

'^'  5  "isiirajK 

Ifches.    Tlieh.. 
'■^''aded  streets 

''''  »eJI-buiIt  c 
•^"'^■^S  on  the 

1'^'^  men  engage, 

'''^''«>  besides 


ei 


"Fratrihus  etiani  in  cineribus  carls  quorum  noiiiina  intra  iiu'is.i  sunt 
in  bcUo  civili  j>ro  reipuhlicie  intej^ritate  ceciderimt,  hiuic  T.ibulam  i" 
alumni."    Tlie  MomoriHl  Hall  is  to  be  decorated  with  pictures. 

The  Coburn  Classical  Institute  is  a  tine  stone  building  on  Elm  St. 
dowed  by  lix-Gov.  Coburn,  and  built  in  18^3.     The  town  lias  a  ^^ 
monument,  and  large* cott<ui-niiIIs.     It  is  7  M.  to  China  Foiiil  ((api.^^ 
ley's  Hotel);  8  xM.  to  the  Kast  Fond  House,  and  i  M.  to  the  CanaJe-^s.  Hitjj  ^  i„(;rat 

A  branch  ruilroaU  run.s  from  Waterville  to  Skowliefjun  (sec  Kouti-  42),f>iiil'^B''""ViaJ  Ijasin  o 
piint  tUe  Lewiston  Division  of  tliu  Muiue  Central  liaiiwu}  (Uoute4tJjiiiiit'>» 
present  route  (tlio  Augusta  Division).     Stitges  run   Leme  to  many  ruruMi 
•i'lic  Somerset  Kailro.i(l  runs  N.  from  Oakluiid  (Oakland  IJoust)  to  N.  .1" 

In  running  from  Waterville  to  Han^or  the  train  passes  Iviulali 
(or  1-airlield)  station,  and  soon  after  tlie  track  of  the  Sliowlieuaii  I'll 
turns  oft"  to  the  1.,  and  the  present  route  (Bangor  Division)  iro».<i 
Kennebec  on  a  higii  bridge.     Stations,  Btnton,  Llintun  antl  //«/'"''' 

From  Burnham  tivf  Belfast  Division  of  the  Maine  Central  U:iilw;i\  ian<S 
city  of  Btf/ast  (see  llouUf  4S).  in  35  M. ,  passing  tlirougli  ttif  f.lrmin,^'  tuwi;"'|| 
County,  U'nity  (iJeutnl  House),  T.iormlike,  Brooks  (Uomj  House),  hikI  <»«« 

TheSebasticook  &  Moo.selH'a.1  llai.road  runs  N.  8  M.  from  I'itt.-tiel.l  to 
and  Hartlaiid  ( Hartland  Iloime)  near  tUe  lovely  and  flih-aboundiug  M' 

Bevond  Burnham  the  line  follows  the  Sebasticook  River  to  the 
Piitsjidd  (Lancey   House).      Staticms,   Detroit  and  Newport 
Uoust),  a  prosperous  village  on  the  sh  res  of  Fast  Fond,  wliich  i' 
around  ai  I  aft'ords  good  tishiug.     Tne.  Dexter  Division  runs  N.t" 
{Merchantii'  Exchanyt),  a  town  of  3,000  inhabiiants. 


. -.f  ^■^'••Xv  of  th 
rfy^'^^'indercl 

P"<in..n,e  quJ 
'^''^^'ty  finds  i| 
r^'ai'e  caught  el 
,7^'««reinoij 
"'""ber  had  bj 
'^•^•'<54  ft  of 
'-'^  ft.  of  Shi 


BANGOK. 


RtHUe47.      315 


Tbe  ruins  uf  F 
.uiioa  of  the  rivi- 
u,\  i\w  Miiiiif  1(1 
,7i>4,  una  ^;!lrri^"!l« 
v;e   of  I'iiii'*  *1"'*1 
va\e»  in  t^>'~*  ^'^H 
}  here  to  tU'tachi 
:e8sful  att»ii>l't. 
,  a  city  of  r).w 
,  iiiver,  is  »'ui^'  H 
u\  has  M.Jiu'  1>""'W 

of  Colby  UiiW"' 

30  stmlcnts,  with » 
the  care  ufili«  1^1 

nnitovies  of  Aui^ni 
On  om- M'l^'i' 

her  wing  of  U>e  lin< 
Tliefowt'V  I'avtnl 

.  part  is  cuusfcra'. 

V  line  monument  b\ 


witN 


shield  of  tl.e  I  mo« 
Below  tins  l:ir;  j 
ttaining  th^  nau^s^ 
.  ,,,,  ^vitlx  the  Uiscnp 


h.v  intra  jnni'a,; 


sunt,  W 

hanc'Tal)u\aui  Y>^ 
pii'.UU'cs. 


The  town  l>a   a 

Inifor  I"'''   ,  ,,    „|,i| 
hi'J 


Tf)  the  9.  are  the  high  hlllii  of  DIxmont,  and  the  train  passes  on  by 
\l,Siieport,  Etna,  Cartnel,  and  Ilennon  Vund  to 

Bangor. 

n„t,.l^. _ •  Unngor  IIonf<p,  on  the  hi'l^'litc,  ? 2- 21)0;   P«nnh^cot  Kxrhange; 

finirnr  KxcliiuiK'' ; 

I  ^teainci'H  1»'i»to  dnilv  (pxrrpt  Sunday),  from  .Tunc  1  tn  Oof    V' ,  fr.-  liM'ifnn,  Fti);i« 

Li  It  liver-ports  ;  '2,  .1.  or  4  tiincn  iv  wivU  other .sfiixon**.    To  Unr  Ilnrlor. 

1  UallroiiiU.  —  The  Maine  (Vntral,  to  I'ortlaml  luul    I'.osIi.m,  *_'4ti   .M. 

in  10  lir'*. ;  to  St  John,'2(i'>.i  >I.  in  12  lirn.  ;  the  Hangnr 
B(lPivfttnqiii'«  R  H.  to  Mooschend  Lako,  in  0  hr«.,  und  Kiitiihilln  Iron  Wor1<f«  \  tlitf 
iorei-int>,  10  Ellswortli  and  Mt..l)«'!<t'rt  ("Vrry,  8  M.  fVom  Hnr  Harbor.  Mt.  D«8crt. 
fstages  mil  to  Ilnmittli-n.  Franlsfort.  Prosport,  Stockton.  Searsp.irt,  nnd  Ih-lfiist 
Vm,  fare  ^'J-TjO;  Icnvcs  early  in  tlie  morning);  to  Monroe  ;  to  Newlinru',  Hix- 
loM.Troy,  Unitv.  Albion,  and  China;  to  Exeter;  to  KenduskeaK.  Corinth,  and 
liulcstnn  ;  to  fllenbuni,  Brownville.  and  Katahdiu  Iron  Works  ;  to  Brewer, 
Im^'ton,  Clifton,  Amherst,  and  Aurora. 

Bangor,  the  second  city  in  Maine,  and  an  impf)rtnnt  and  notlvo  hiniber- 

rt,  is  n  iiandsonio  oily  sitimted  on  conininiHlmix  hills  at  the  head  of 

ivyutioii  on  the  Penobscot  River.     It  i.s  al)out  (iO  M.  from  the  .sea,  and 

ilivileil  into  two  parts  by  tlie  dei'i)  ravine  in  whicli  flows  the  Kendus- 

^^Stieuui.     Tlie  business  part  of  tlie  eity  is  situated  on  the  level  land 

|oiniii<,'tliis  stream  on  both  sides,  and  has  many  massive  and  substantial 

merciiil  buildings,  since  Bangor  is  the  trade-centre  for  a  larger  area  of 

iitry  than  is  fed  by  any  other  New  England  city.     It  contains   20,000 

alfitants  (in  1800  it  had  277),  with  11  banks,  2  daily  and   4  weekly 

rs,  5  insurance  companies,  5  Masonic  lodges,   43  schools,  and  14 

irtties.    The  heights  on  either  side  of  the  Kenduskeag  are  lined  with 

iliaded  streets,  and  have  many  handsome  residences,  while  there  are 

ral  well-built  churches  in  the  same  localities.    The  Custom  House  and 

ice,  on  the  Kenduskeag  Bridge,  is  a  neat  granite  structure.     There 

[Itoraen  engaged  in  iron-works  here,  and  150  in  the  shoe-manufactur- 

tride,  besides  wluch  the  city  has  several  small  factories  and  bhip- 

Is,  nitli  a  lucrative  coasting  and  foreign  trade.     The  products  of  the 

alluvial  basin  of  the  Penobscot  are  handled  here,  although,  on  account 

e severity  of  the  climate  in  this  high  latitude,  but  a  small  portion  of 

alley  is  under  cultivation.     The  tributaries  of  the  Penobscot  pene- 

tlie  great  Maine  Forest  in  every  direction,  and  i)ear  downward  to 


tjcook  Uu-'J^Jojt 

Division  1-^'^= - 
ivant*. 


piiunieiise  quantities  of  hmd)er,  in  the  sawing  and  shipment  of 
lithe  city  finds  its  chief  industry.  The  booms  in  which  the  descend- 
[•?>  are  caught  extend  for  miles  along  the  river,  and  a  great  number 
^•mills  are  in  operation  along  the  sliores.  Up  to  1855,  2,999,847,201 
I  lumber  had  been  surveyed  at  Bangor;  between  1859  and  13G9, 
196,1,4.54  ft  of.  long  lumber  were  shipped  hence;  in  ISO.S  alone, 
V'^^'O  ft.  of  short  lumber  (clapboards,  latlis,  and  shingles)  were 


I     .'i 


'  J 


316    Route  48. 


BANGOR. 


shipped;  and  in  1872,  246,500,000  ft.  of  long  Imuber  were  surveyed  here.! 

The  lumber  crop  of  1S72,  in  Maine,  Avas  about  700,000,000  ft.,  of  whicJ 

225,000,000  floated  down  the  Penobscot,  and  100,000,000  passed  dowa 

the  Kennebec.     To  transport  tliir,  immense  amount  of  lumber  to  its  df-'-l 

tincd  markets,  fleets  of  hundreds  of  vcssol.i  come  i".p  to  the  city,  wlierel 

there  is  a  broad  expanse  of  deep  v/ater  vritli  tides  rising  over  IG  ft. 

The  Theological  S'uninarj  \,'ns  cliartcred  by  the  State  of  Mass.  in  IJHj 

and  is  under  the  care  of  the  Congi'cgational  Church,  though  its  tcadiini 

is  non-sectarian  orlhodo.xy.     It  occupies  buildings  fronting  on  a  Lroi 

campus,  in  the  highest  part  of  the  city,  and  has  5  professors,  40-! 

students,  and  about  700  alumni,  with  a  librarj' of  13,000  volumes.  .V> 

rombeyn  Hall  is  on  the  Kenduskeag  Bridge;  its  lower  portion  buiiig  ii** 

as  a  market,  while  in  the  upper  iiall  2,000  persons  can  be  seated.    Mufii 

Hall  is  on  Main  St.     There  is  a  line  Opera  House,  about  as  large  astl) 

Park  Theatre,  in  Boston. 

It  is  said  that  Champlain  ascended  the  Penobscot  as  far  as  the  site  of  BangcJ 
in  1G03.     The  settlement  was  made  between  170J  and  mr>,  and  in  lHU  Rev.  HI 
Noble,  its  represeiitittive,  was  ordered  by  the  people  to  have  it  incorporated  undj 
tJie  name  of  yunbiiry.     Mr.  Noble,  however,  was  very  fond  of  the  old  tune  ( 
"  I3an.,'or,"  and  (perhaps  inadvertently)  had  that  name  given  to  the  new  towu. 
1814  tlie  town  wis  taueii  byii  British  s(|nailron,  after  the  destruction  ortiie'Jfli 
Adams"  :  in  18!:i  it  bpciinie  a  citv  ;  and  in  1848  it  was  declared  a  port  nf  enU 
The  2d  Maine  regiment  was  raised  in  18ol  around  Bangor,  and  reccivei]  siija 
colors  irom  the  ladies  of  New  York,  Baltimore,  and  San  Francisco.    The  lati 
flag  was  the  finest  ni  the  army,  and  was  the  centre  of  a  territle  light  at  Bull  Ri 
in  which  the  color-guards  were  all  killed,  and  the  opposing  regiment  (tiie  / 
Georgia)  was  "nearly  amiihilated."    The  flag  was  not  lost,  and  tlie  re,L,'iiiieiiti 
the  last  on  the  fleld.     At  Gaines'  Mill  this  command  took  the  5th  Alabama  I 
and  at  Fredericksburg  it  lost  ^  of  its  rank  and  file. 

_  Glenburn  {Aturri/'s  Hotel)  i.t  7  M.  N.  of  Baiiijor,  on  Pti.«haw  Luke,  which  hasei 
eiderable  local  fauie  for  its  flue  fishing  (bass,  perch,  and  pickerel). 


48.   Boston  to  Bangor.   The  Penobscot  Eiver. 

By  the  Boston  and  Bangor  Stcam.ship  Co.  (6  sfeaniers),  leaving  Foster's  1 
Boston,  June  1  to  Oct.  15,  daily  (Sundays  excepted),  at  5  V.  M.  Boston  to  KwVi 
S2.50;  to  Bangor,  .1?  3  5Q.  See  new  time-tables.  Band  and  orchestni  attacliJ 
Bteamers  during  .July  and  August.  The  new  buildings  on  Foster's  Wlwirf  airl 
venient  and  comfortable  The  steamships  are  large  and  comniodinus,  m\\ 
voyage  is  along  the  most  interesting  sections  of  the  historic  New-EnglatiJ  cm>^ 

In  calm  weather  the  outside  route  is  very  pleasant.    Tlie  stu 

passes  down  Boston  Harbor  (see  page  20)  and  out  Cii  the  open  seaj 

proaching  Cape  Ann  and  Thacher's  Island  (Route  36)  at  late  tviil 

The  early  riser  next  morning  will  see  the  bold  shores  of  Monliegau  1 

far  out  in  the  ocean.     This  island  was  settled  in  1618,  and  had  a  s 

history  for  more  than  a  century,  but  now  has  only  a  few  score  of  i 

itants,  mostly  engaged  in  the  deep-sea  fisheries,  or  wringing  scaiityj 

from  the  rugged  thousand  acres  on  the  bluffs.     The  steamer  iiow] 

in  by  the  historic  peninsulas  of  Knox  County,  leaves  Vinalhaveii' 

E.,  and  rounding  Owl's  Head,  reaches  Sookland,  175  M.  from 

(see  Route  44).     The  steamers  here  cniineot  fj 


with  the 

fiockport 

enters  the 

iJ'V ;  J/oui 

habitants,  i 

IVeyiiiouth 
/n'eiid  ill  p 

C'astine.     p 

country,  ful 

{x^aivs  rise  ba 

f'v  ^vlu'lo  Mt 

The  *  \iexv  fj. 

embracing  th( 

"le  E.  anti  a  i 

T'le  steaine 

'A'ortliport,  an. 

^'indsoj-  ffott 

"V  (5,278  inh 

'itJiwid,,,  sha 

^""•s  2  banks, 

'"Jiio  County  ; 

J'lf,^rtwa3d, 
'!"J"'l  wrote  tl 
J'  ft'N.u.s  rive 
!}  ''"-re,  secure 
*^'7<"Iini77d 
,-^!«"'':"iod  in 

f^"^bu.siness5 


IC'ast, 


ine 


■  f"  &«/•,* 


IS  seen 


^port  ( 
P>  "lider  the 
•"^si'ig  out  i 
fjine)  on  the 

''^'S-!>,  Gov. 

P'^^-    Itw, 

nParJiatnentJ 
Pi  and  in  277^ 

f'i""-    Son.e 

r  ^s  for  boatii)/ 
r  steaming  ,\ 


BELFAST. 


Route  48.     317 


jre  surveyed  kre.  I 
i',000  ft.,  o{  >vVidi| 
)  000  passfi^  '^'■-'^•i 
luinlicr  to  i's  dd| 
to  the  city,  wknl 
rt  over  Vo  tt. 
tcof  Mass.  bV:H] 
thoug^i  its  tcacLid 
•routing  on  a  liroi^ 
5  professors,  40- 
3,000  volumes. 
;r  portion  buiiig  uj 
an  be  peatcd.  M"'" 
about  as  Uuge  a^ibj 


r  a9 

'5, 


the  site  of  Ban? 

declared  a  port  of  2 

,  mill  vei'i'i^'^^'^  *"n 
ij'ov,  ana  icv  .  ^ 


°u  Francisco- 

:;fthe  5th  Alabama  f 

..haw  Lake,  vsUichliaaO 
[pickerel)- 

lobscot  ^Wer. 


Is  on 


pleasant.    The  st> 
ll  out  ca  the  open  se; 

3ute  36)  at  late 
Lores  of  Mouhcga.l 

1618,  and  had  a 

tulyafewBCore;^, 

or  wringing  s^'«>^^ 

The  steamer  no^M 

,  leaves  Vinalhavc" 

fand,175M.J-«3| 

miers  here  coi 


with  the  steamer  for  Idt.  Desert.  After  leaving  Rockland,  and  passing 
Rockport  on  the  1.,  tlie  steamer  approaches  a  chain  of  lofty  hills,  and 
enters  the  harbor  of  Camden  (*  Bay  Vieio  House,  100  guests,  $2.00  a 
day ;  Mountain  View).  This  is  a  pretty  town,  with  5  villages,  4,500  in- 
habitants, and  9  churches.  It  was  visited  by  De  Monts  in  ltJ04,  and  by 
Weyinuuth  in  1605,  was  named  in  honor  of  Lord  Camden,  America's 
(rieiid  in  Parliament,  and  was  fortified  in  1812  to  check  the  British  at 
Castine.  Pring  coasted  by  tliis  place  in  1603,  and  reportetl  it  ''a  liigh 
I  country,  full  of  great  woods,"  and  such  it  still  is.  The  two  Megunticook 
j  peaks  rise  back  of  the  town  to  the  height,  respectively,  of  1,335  and  1,457 
ft.,  whilo  Mts.  Pleasant,  Batty,  Hosmcr,  and  others  complete  the  group. 
[The* view  from  Megunticook  is  one  of  the  noblest  of  marine  prospects, 
[embracing  the  blue  Penobscot  Bay  with  its  archipelago,  Mt.  Desert  far  in 

he  E.  and  a  vast  sweep  of  the  ocean  on  the  S.  E. 

The  steamer  runs  N.  for  18  M.  between  the  shores  of  Lincolnville  and 
IXorthport,  and  the  insular  town  of  Islesborougli,  and  stops  at  Belfast 
\Windm' Hotel).  This  is  a  handsome  little 

pty  (5,278  inhabitants)  built  on  a  declivity  which  slopes  to  the  water, 

fith  will'',,  shady  streets,  and  several  conmiercial  blocks  built  of  brick. 
It  has  2  banks,  2  weekly  papers,  6  churches,  several  shipyards,  and  the 

p'aldo  County  buildings. 

[This  port  was  discovered  by  Weymouth  in  1605,  who  set  up  a  cross  (Anglican) 

p, ami  wrote  that  "many  who  had  been  travellers  in  sundry  countries  and  in 

lost  faiiiiiis  rivers,  affirmed  them  not  comparable  to  this, — the  most  beautiful, 

fh,  luj;p,  secure,  harboring  river  tliat  the  world  aflfordeth."     Belfast  was  settled 

^dimnii'd  in  1770  by  Scotcli-Irish  Presbyterians  from  Londonderry  (N.  il.),  and 

abau'lonod  in  1779,  after  attacks  by  the  British  at  Castine.     It  was  resettled 

"Sti,  auil  invested  by  the  British  in  1814.     In  180.5,  a  destructive  lire  swept 

kits  business  quarter,  and  between  1860  and  1870  its  population  decreased  by 

|C'astine  is  seen  far  across  the  bay  to  the  E.  as  the  steamer  runs  up  7 

AnScursport  (small  hotel),  a  maritime  town  with  nearly  3,000  inhabi- 

jits,  under  the  lee  of  Brigadier  Island. 

passing  out  into  the  l)ay,  with  the  historic  peninsula  of  Pentagoet 
■stine)  on  the  E.,  the  bold  shore  of  Fort  Point  is  soon  reached.  Here, 
p58-9,  Gov.  Pownall  erected  a  powerful  fort  for  the  defence  of  the 
kobscot.     It  was  the  best  fort  in  Maine,  and  its  construction  was  paid 

|by  Parliament.  The  British  frigate  "  Canseau  "  partly  demolislied  it  in 
n  and  iu  1779  Capt.  Cargill,  of  the  American  army,  finished  its  de- 
letion.   Some  remains  of  the  fort  are  still  visil)le. 


au'll 


p*rort-Point  Hotel  i«  finolv  «itivito(l  on  thi.«  promontory,  npfir  the  ruins 

r't  i'liunal  and  the  seal-abounding  Odom's  Ledge,  with  beautiful  views  over 
pliind  strewn  Bay,  the  blue  Camden  Mts.,  and  Castine.  It  is  a  first-class 
perre.sort.  witli  125  rooms  and  a  frontage  of  150  ft.  Tliere  are  good  eon- 
pnces  for  boating,  batliing,  fisliing,  and  driving. 

pw  steaming  N.,  Wetmore  Island  is  passed  on  the  r.  (a  barren  tract 
about  400  inhabitants  who  live  liy  fishing  and  hunting),  and  the 


RKt 


i-  /••■">■ 


■am 


!''iii:. 


318    Houte  49. 


OLDTOWN. 


river  seems  to  end,  so  rapidly  does  it  contract.  As  the  swift  tides  of 
Bucksport  Narrows  are  entered,  a  sudden  turn  reveals  the  bright  villasf 
of  Bucksport  {Robinson  House  ;  Riverside  Hotise),  a  shipbuilding  and 
fishing  place  with  3,433  inhabitants.  This  town  was  settled  by  Col. 
Buck,  of  Haverhill,  in  176-i,  and  now  has  two  banks,  a  custom  house, 
several  churches,  and  a  lucrative  countj'  trade.  On  the  hill  abovo  the 
village  is  the  E.  Maine  Conference  Seminary,  a  Methodist  School  vith 
3  -  400  students,  from  Avhose  lawn  beautiful  river-views  are  afforded.  On 
the  bluff  opposite  Bucksport  is  Fort  Knox,  an  immense  and  costly  forti- 
fication lately  built  by  the  U.  S.,  which  completely  commands  the  river 
with  its  heavy  batteries. 

Stages  run  from  Bucksport  to  Mt.  Desert  (see  Route  4.*)),  in  about  30  51.,  \ar- 
ing  through  iEllswortli  {American  House),  a  city  of  5,260  inhabitants,  the  capi- 
tal of  Hancock  County.     A  railroad  runs  N.  to  Bangor. 

The  river  now  grows  more  narrow  and  picturesquely  siniious,  vhile  i 
vessels  are  fretjuently  passed.  Winterport  (Commercial  House)  is  readied  j 
5  M.  above  Bucksport,  after  passing  Mt.  Waldo  and  the  granite-] irodiiciiig 
shores  of  Frankfort  on  theW.  7  M.  beyond,  the  steamer  stops  at  //(0«/>j 
den  (Penobscot  House),  where  the  U.  S.  corvette  "John  Adams,"  24,  ™| 
attacked  (while  refitting)  in  1814  by  a  small  British  fleet.  Capt.  Morris, 
of  the  "  Adams,"  had  armed  shore-batteries  with  his  ship's  guns,  hut  tliej 
badly  officered  rural  militia  were  speedily  routed  by  >  bayonet-charge  of| 
the  British  regulars.  Morris  then  spiked  his  guns,  blew  up  his  ship,  anitj 
retreated  with  the  sailors  to  Bangor.  The  British  plundered  and  overraii| 
Hampden  for  3  days.  Soon  after  leaving  Hampden,  the  steamer  reachei 
(about  noon)  the  city  of  Bangor  (see  Route  47). 


49.  Bangor  to  St.  John. 


By  the  Maine  Central  and  New  Brunswick  Railways,  205§  M.  Pa.<!senfrers  on  i\ 
through  train  from  Boston  (by  lloutes  37  and  47),  the  celebrated  "  Flyiny;  Yauliwj 
go  through  in  22  hrs.  (450  ftf .).   Pullmans  on  day-triiins,  and  sleeping-car!)  at  u^f 

Seats  on  the  r.  siile  of  the  car  afford  views  of  the  river.  After  leavi 
Bangor,  the  train  passes  Veazie  and  other  stations,  with  the  river  cov 
with  booms  and  immense  rafts  of  timber,  and  lined  with  saw-mills. 
tions,  Orono  (the  seat  of  the  State  Agiioultural  College),  and  Oldto' 
{Cousens  Hotel),  a  place  of  4,000  inhabitants,  mostly  engaged  in  i 
lumber  business.  The  immense  and  costly  booms  and  mills  .sliouli 
noticed  here.  Oldtown  has  the  largest  lumber-mill  in  the  world,  w 
100  saws  are  at  work  turning  the  rude  logs  which  come  in  at  one  side 
planks,  which  are  rafted  away  to  Bangor.  On  an  island  near  the  vil 
(ferry-boat  on  the  shore)  is  the  home  of  the  Tarratine  Indians,  one  of 
three  tribes  of  the  Etchemin  nation.  Though  the  most  powerful  aiii 
like  of  the  northern  tribes,  the  Tarratines  rarely  attacked  the  colonii 


After  a  tn 

settlemen 

that  Main 

sfi'oyiug  p 

mained  qu 

of  their  pr 

Penoh.scot, 

™e'i  eke  on 

"■'lile  the  w 

of  the  tribe 

^'le  island-v 

'"Jiit  around 

„  At  Oldto  WD 
ViH.bankof 
^"m  Olamon 
'"S.  aud  2  of 
lake.  9  X  3  J 

7''.<l<-'er,and, 
'llnninn  is  />,,«] 

,  'hen  Pollard  L 

'J«'"JJ.ii.5.    St,. 

'!"'«">!/:  and 

t;':  «'iJ  I'litten  ; 

feardis,;j«    "X< 

nee  w,.eki;  ^ 

'''iit^  railway 
Je  forest  (aim 
"'««;  restaur 
'"''Houltonma 


mh 


may  be 


rt 


^^"•'  «ehoodic 
■""f'".^'  on  the 
'""-•'•osses  the 

' ";« train  pa.« 
^;f^^onl,  bey< 
i'^'^'^e.l  down 

P";'''^'^itants, 
^)^  ^^  the  po' 
'^''*''»anddfg,| 
p.  and  the  Par, 
heks.  The  a 
""naiiding  hiJJ 


%, 


FREDERICTON. 


Route  49.     319 


swift  tides  of 
e  bright  villaaf 

settled  by  tol. 
a  custom  liou?e, 
e  hill  above  tlie 
list  School  vitli 
ire  afforded.    On 
.  and  costly  fovti- 
inlands  the  river 

n  about  30  ^..V^'^V 
ihaSants.  the  a,v 


After  a  series  of  wrongs  and  insults  from  the  whites,  they  attacked  the 
settlements  in  1678,  and  inflicted  such  terrible  damage  and  loss  of  life 
that  Maine  became  tributary  to  them  by  the  Peac^e  of  Casco.  After  de- 
stroyiug  Pemaquid  to  avenge  an  insult  to  tlieir  chief  St.  Castin,  they  re- 
mained quiet  for  many  yeais.  The  treaty  of  1726  contains  the  substance 
of  tiieir  present  relations  with  the  State.  They  own  the  islands  in  the 
Penobscot,  and  have  a  revenue  of  $6-7,000  from  the  State,  which  the 
men  eke  out  by  working  on  the  lumber  rafts,  by  hunting  and  fishing, 
wliile  tiie  women  make  baskets  and  other  trifles  for  sale.  The  declension 
of  the  tribe  was  marked  for  two  centuries;  but  it  is  now  slowly  increasing. 
The  island-village  is  without  streets,  and  consists  of  mr  'ly  small  houses 
built  around  a  Catholic  church.     There  are  over  400  persons  tliere. 

At  Okltown  the  line  crosses  the  Penobscot  on  a  high  bridge,  and  entors  Mif/ord., 
The  1.  bank  of  the  Penobscot  is  followed  through  tliiiily-popuiated  lumbering-towna. 
From  Olamon  daily  stages  run  ])  M.N.  E.  to  Lowell,  whence  12  M  of  road,  4  of  walk- 
ing, and  2  of  canoeing  (Q.  Darling,  guide,  Lowell),  leds  to  the  lovely  Nicatoiig 
Lake,  9  x  3  &I.,  with  innumerable  i.slauds  and  vast  woods.  Trout,  perch,  togue, 
bear,  doer,  and  game  abound.  Quests  are  accouimc  dated  at  Camp  Nicatou:!.  Beyond 
dinmoi)  is  PdHHadumkeag ;  then  Enjield ,  clone  to  the  Coldstream  Pond,  5  X  2  M. ; 
then  Pollard  Brook ;  Lincoln,  whence  daiiy  stages  to  Lee,  12  M . ,  S«pringfield  20,  and 
I  Curoll,  25.  Stations,  Middletown,  (  hamberlains,  and  \Vinii  {/iafaUdin  House), 
Willi stiines  semi-weekly  to  E.  Winn,  N.  Lee,  and  Springfield,  14  M.  It  is  a  20  M.  drive 
to  Duck  Lake,  and  30  M.  to  the  Dobsis  Club-IIouse.  Mattawatnkeag;  ( Ma^^a- 
yrarnkma  House)\s  a  busy  little  hamlet,  whence  daily  stages  run  16  M.  N.  W.  to 
Ukdwaii ;  and  N.  to  S.  Motunkus,  7^  M.;  BAWson,  U ;  llenedicta,  20;  Sherman, 
\% ;  and  Patten, 35.    AVeekly  stage  from  Patten.  N.  to  Moro,  12  M.  ;  Rockahema,  16 ; 

Musardi.-",  ■'56  ;  Ashland,  47  ;  Portage  Lake,  58  ;  Fort  Kent,  14.  Also,  from  Patten 
jtlirice  weekly  E  to  Crystal,  5;  Island  Falls,  lOi;  Smyrna,  25;  and  lloulton,  37. 
lAlso,  thrice  weekly  S.  to  Coral,  Monarda,  and  Kingman  From  Sherman  a  road 
[tuDslO  M.  W.  to  the  Hunt  Farm,  whence  the  ascent  of  Mt.  Katuhdiu,  5,385  ft. 

The  railway  now  follows  the  Mattawarakeag  River,  and  runs  through 

file  forest  (almost  unbroken)    for    58    M.    to    Vanceboro    ( Vanceboro 

hme ;  restaurant  in  the  station).     Weston  is  a  post-town  on  the  Calais 

knd  Houlton  mail-stage  line,  with  400  inhabitants  and  a  hotel.    This  point, 

Passenpers  on  uJftiich  may  be  reached  from  Bancroft  or  Danforth,  is  near  the  shore  of  the 

Irated  "  Fl>»>^  ^f 'J^lB^"'^  Schoodic  Lake,  where  fine  fishing  is  afforded.    Vanceboro  has  good 
^dsleeping-cawat"''^     ....  ... 


ely  sinuous 
i\  House)  is  ve; 


wMle  1 
acliei  1 


,egvauite-VVO.\vunng| 
tner  stops  at  i/>n,.j)- 
,hnAdams,'"24,« 
^eet.     Capt.Moms 

,  ship's  g"^^«'^'^^^^1 
,bayonet-c\utrgeof| 

,lew  up  bis  «^'nV^ 
uudered  and  overTa.| 
the  steamer  reachrf 


I  on  til 


river.     After  leavi^ 
IwitbtberivevcoutJ 

^vith  8a^v-lull^s•   ;^ 

college),  atKl  d  «' 

mostly  engage;!  u  1 

Is  and  mills  shouUl 

In  in  the  ^vovl^!;^^': 

come  in  at  one  «v^ 

^island  near  UicNl 

ine  Indians,  one  on 

Lacked  the  colo.>^ 


poutiui,'  on  the  St.  Croix  River,  and  soon  after  leaving  this  village  the 

^in  cro'ises  the  St.  Croix  and  enters  the  Province  of  New  Brunswick. 

Jt  McAdam  Junction  the  New  Brunswick  Railway  is  crossed, 

ithe  train  passes  on  through  a  monotonous  wilderness  to  Douglas  Mt., 

J^Vt;l)sford,  beyond  which  the  St.  John  Valley  is  entered,  and  the  river 

followed  down  to  St.  John,  91  M.  from  Vanceboro. 

IBy  nlin.!i;'i:ig  cars  at  FraUrictnn  Junction,  travellers  pass  in  1  hr,  to 

pdericton  {Queen's  Hotel;  Barker's).     Fredericton  is  a  small  city  of 

*  inhabitants,  beautifully  situated  on  the  St.  John  River,  and  distin- 

Reil  as  the  political  capital  of  the  Province.     The  Govennnent  House 

V  plain  and  dignified  stone  building  in  extensive  grounds  just  N.  of  the 

Vi  and  the  Parliament  House  is  a  modern  structure  near  the  deserted 

[ffacks.    The   University  of  New  Brunswick  has  fine  buildings  on  a 

'"nanding  hill  near  the  citv. 


li 

'.  '',^B. 

\ 

■ 

■i 


f  i 


\ 


{'■.■. 


k 


^ 


U!^ 


■I 


ii 


1 

( 

ii;  L  ; 

■■-   -A 

'^^ 

'"     ; 

"'  1     •  >  1 

r' 

si  1 


n 


'  1 


320     Route  49- 


ST.  JOHN. 


.  n  U  one  of  the  finest  on  tbe 

.  .  4.  n,nrch  Cathedral  (Episcopal)  is  «^  .^^  Gothic  arclii- 

Episcopal  Churcii  in  ^^  ^j^g  |.^  ana  »o- 

fild,  with  SS.  John,  J---';,^ ,Leh  tower  is  a  chime  of  8  hdl. 

and  Andrew  on  the  r.    m  i 

inscribed. 


Ave  Be».ta  Umtas. 


The  St.  Jolitt  Biver. 

V  •    +v,P  river  steamers  asccncl  tl»e  =^-     j^,„,  f,„.Vul 

tervate  stretcl,  tocU  from  the  shore^  ^^^  ,„„„«,  „,  the  Vi 

Bead.,  which  is  f?"r,t to  Jldoned  tor  two  -"  »-  ,,t  J 

toresqvre  Vf^^^'i,,,  Bridge  is  gamed  ou  the  r. 

fxrp::itrrdiu«».asuhurhof 

St.  Jolin.  .    pjioc. 

Waverley,  King  »i^ir  ^^  ^^  t^e  ciiy  ,  ■ 

In^iantowD,  fare  5  c  ,i,ton.  Bangor,  and  Boston  .  I 

,A""S  »d  SUelhurae  ■.  to  Bahta  . 


v» 


1^ 


THE  NEW  BRUNSWICK   BORDER.     Route  50.     321 


finest  on  tbe 

^  the  juucu.m 
„d  the  c\uiucel 
Bsetitcd  \>y  ^^^^ 
is  CUTist  erun. 
Thomas,  Vl^^V>v, 
o{  8  btUs,  each 

\re.  Trine, 
r^  65„V)\\ine, 

liiu-  tine. 


^iev.  of  tl^c  cavi« 
' ,      01^  the  ovvo^''' 
tdafovt.h^c.- 

m:geat,the.;o.^, 
Burton  chun'^-^^, 
^th  its  large  ^ 

I  ,,umth  of  the 
P.asthesteamenJ 


St.  John,  the  metropolis  of  New  Brunswick,  is  a  city  of  29,000  inhabi- 
tants, situated  on  a  rocky  promontory  between  the  St.  John  River  and 
Courtnay  Bay.  Its  situation  on  liigh  hills  renders  it  very  picturesque, 
eitlier  from  within  or  as  seen  from  the  harbor.  The  streets  are  broad  and 
straight,  and  King's  and  Queen's  Squares  and  other  open  grounds  diversify 
the  surface  of  the  hills.  The  city  has  some  manufactures  and  a  large 
coast  and  country  trade,  and  its  water-front  is  worthy  of  a  visit.  There 
are  8  Episcopal  Churches,  3  Catholic,  9  Baptist,  6  Methodist,  7  Presby- 
terian, and  1  Congregational.  The  Custom  House,  the  Y.  M.  C  A.  build- 
ing, the  Orphan  Asylum,  the  Post-OfFice,  and  Trinity  Church,  are  good 
buildings.  The  Catholic  Cathedral  of  the  Inmiaculate  Conception  (PI.  8) 
is  a  large  stone  structure  with  a  lofty  spire,  and  with  stained  glass 
windows  in  chancel,  transept,  and  aisles.  The  ornaments  of  the  choir  in 
colored  marble  are  worthy  of  notice.  Near  the  Cathedral  is  the  Bishop's 
Palace,  and  some  convent-schools.  From  this  vicinity  Reed's  Castle  is 
seen,  whence  a  fine  view  of  the  city  and  harbor  is  obtained.  Lily  Lake  is 
near  the  castle. 

The  favorite  drives  are  out  over  Marsh  Bridge  to  Red  Head ;  to  the 
Cemetery  and  Loch  Lomond;  and  over  the  Suspension  Bridge  to  the 
heiglits  of  Carleton.  The  *  Bridge  is  640  ft.  long  and  100  ft.  above  low 
water,  and  affords  a  fine  view  of  the  St.  John  Falls,  where  the  river  dashes 
down  at  low  tide  through  a  narrow  gorge.  At  high  tide  is  presented  the 
remarkable  sight  of  a  river  falling  up  stream,  when  the  tides  of  the  Bay 
of  Fundy  rush  upward  through  the  gorge  far  above  the  river  level. 
From  the  Lunatic  Asylum,  or  from  the  Martello  Tower  on  Carleton 
Heiglits,  a  panoramic  view  of  the  city,  the  bay,  and  the  remote  purple 
line  of  the  Nova  Scotia  shore,  is  given.  The  Mahogany  road  is  a  pleasant 
drive  near  the  Bay. 

Champlaiu  discovered  and  named  the  St.  John  River  on  St.  John's  Day,  1604. 
In  1635  Charles  St.  Estienne,  Lord  of  La  Tour,  built  a  fort  here,  which  was  vainly 
lattuokod  by  D'Aulney  in  1643,  the  siege  being  raised  1  •  Massachusetts  ships 
[attacking  D'Aulney.  During  tlie  absence  of  La  Tour  u.  1645,  the  fort  (under 
Icoiiuiiand  of  Madame  La  Tour)  repulsed  a  naval  attaci<,  but  was  forced,  later  in 
Itlie  year,  to  surrender.  Madame  La  Tour  was  made  to  stand  with  a  rope  around 
her  neck,  while  the  whole  garrison  was  massacred.i  She  died  within  a  few 
plays,  and  D'Aulney  soon  followed  her.  La  Tour  married  Madame  D'Aulney  in 
p>S,  and  thus  rewon  his  fort.  It  was  soon  captured  by  the  English,  and  left 
I'SDJute  for  a  century.  In  1758  a  British  );arrisou  was  established  here,  and  in 
"TG  the  men  of  Macliias  destroyeil  the  fi^rt  and  cannonaded  the  neighboring 
[illage.  Ill  1783  a  fleet-full  of  loyalists  rom  tlie  United  States  lauded  and  settled 
leie,  and  since  then  the  city  has  grown  rapidly. 


,ton;toV^oodstoca< 
Iricton  and  ^> 


|0.  The  New-Brunswi3k  Border,  Eastport  to  Madawaska. 

[Eastport  may  be  reached  by  the  International  steamers,  which  leave  Boston  nt 
r*  M.,  Mond  ly,  Wednesday,  and  Friday  (in  July,  Aug.,  and  Sept.),  and  Portland 
[6  p.  M.  on  the  same  days.     Boston  to  St.  John,  ^5.00;  Portland  to  Eastpoi-t; 

^00(18OM.). 

1  See  Whittiers  poem  of"  St.  John." 

14»  U 


■'il"' 


I      H 


■im 


i      1     ! 


ill 


4:. I 


I! ;        I'  \  i 


ijti.: 


321  a    Route  50. 


EASTPORT.  -  LUBEC. 


50.   The  New-Brunswick  Border,  Eastport  to  Madawaska. 

The  elegant  steamer?  of  the  International  line  leave  Commercial  ^Vharf,  Bosfon, 
at  8.30  A.  M,,  and  Portlaud  at  5  I'.  M.,  Monday,  Wednesday,  uud  Friday,  for  E.?t- 
port  and  St.  John,  with  usual  connections.  Also  leave  lioston  for  St.  John,  via 
Annapolis,  every  Thursday  at  8  A.  M.  The  Annapolis  direct  lino  to  Nova  Scutia : 
Steamer  leaves  Boston  at  8  A.  M.  every  Monday  and  Thursday. 

The  land-route  from  Boston  to  Eastport  is  by  the  Boston  &  Maine  and  Main' 
Central  Itailroads  to  Portlaud,  Bangor,  and  McAdam  Junction,  where  tlic  New- 
Brunswick  Railway  is  taken  to  Calais  or  St.  Andrews,  wLeace  a  river-steam Liout 
runs  to  iilastport. 

Eastport  {The  Quoddy  House,  $2.50  a  day;   Washington  House,  $2) 
is  an  American  border-town  on  the  coast  of  Maine,  with  U,738  inhabitants 
and  8  churches.    It  stands  on  the  slope  of  a  hill  at  the  E.  end  of  Mouse 
Island,  in  Passamaquoddy  Bay ;  and  is  engaged  in  the  fisheries  and  llie 
coasting-trade.    Over  the  village  are  the  ramparts  of  Fort  Sullivan,  an 
abandoned  military  post  of  the  United  States,  which  once  commanded  tlie 
harbor  with  its  artillery.    Eastport  is  much  visited  in  summer  for  the  sake 
of  the  salt-water  fishing  and  the  unique  marine  scenery  in  the  vicinity, 
and  has  several  reputable  boarding-houses.    It  is  connected  with  the  main- 
land by  a  bridge,  over  which  lies  the  road  to  the  Indian  village.    Eastport 
is  the  most  convenient  point  from  which  to  reach  Campobello,  Grand  Maiuin 
and  the  adjacent  islands.    In  1814  the  U.-S.  garrison  (of  80  men)  at  East- 
port  surrendered  their  fort,  Avithout  fighting,  to  the  RamUUes,  ship  of  tlie 
line,  and  9  other  war-vessels,  with  two  regiments  and  a  field  battery,    'llie 
town  remained  iu  the  hands  of  the  British  for  several  years  after  the  var 
closed. 

A  steam-ferry  runs  from  Eastport  3  M.  S.  to  Lubec  (Lubec  House,  Ctbs- 
cook  Hotel),  a  picturesque  marine  village  towards  Quoddy  Head,  with 
advantages  for  summer-residents.  Tiiis  pleasant  little  place  is  docayiiij,' 
slowly,  having  lost  over  400  inhabitants  between  1860  and  1880.  The 
present  population  is  a  little  over  2,000,  with  9  churciies.  Lubec  is  1  M. 
farther  E.  than  Eastport,  and  is  therefore  the  easternmost  town  of  the 
United  States.  It  is  very  prettily  placed,  on  a  long  peninsula,  and  fronts 
towards  Campobello.  The  purple  cliffs  of  Grand  Manan  are  seen  froiUj 
Quoddy  Head,  on  which  there  is  a  famous  light-house. 


to  tllf 

niul  pt 

f"  the  ] 
siiore,  f 
^'"•/led  ( 

h'  llQ^v  /, 
fu/  drives 

forests,  a,; 

fnnns  on  t 

pillar  i„  (,, 
'-•i^fcrn  fjp, 

•^"^^  of'ier  iu 
^'•"  side  of 
"■^mi  ,v/„v 
'""■pie  hills 


J«mpobe/io,| 
Till  i  ?   ^  "Obi 

'"-'oil     ofM     "•''■ 


The  Frontier  Steamboat  Company's  boat  leaves  Calais  in  time  to  conncctwi'' 
the  International  steamers,  several  times  a  week.  C.ilais  to  Ilobbinston,  lo  MJ 
75c.  ;  to  St.  Andrews,  17  M.,  75c.  :  to  Eastport,  30  M.,  $1.25.  It  connects  witlj 
ferries  to  Lubec,  Campobello,  and  Qrand  Manan. 

St.  Andrews,  the  St.  Croix  River,  and  St.  Stephen,  see  pages  33-36. 


'  "  '"•bririij 


CAMPOBELLO. 


Jioute  SO.    321  6 


Campobello. 


<-anipobolIo  Is  an  LsJ-uk!  8  Ar   i     •  • 

;''<"-e,  .settled   by  .nuattcf      ;,:/'^"''^"^  ««i'i".^'-settlemem  o„  t^s 
l^i'nieil  their  houses  nwl      .  ""'"^  ^^  ^he  Owens    u-h.   . 

to  st,v      -n     /  ^^''"ooners,  hut  were  fin..ii      >      '       ^  f'^equently 

inM.n.     i  he  tine  old  n...  .  "^'^'^^  ""ailv  obi  <f(.(i  fr.  .,ii        . 

^■-";torn  Head,  Harbor  de  Lute  the   i^  h""'^  ^''^^^  ^^"^•^^l  '  v  art!  lerv 
••""'1  other  interestinL.  nnin,  ''t^'ifhouses  at  the  ends  of  H,  T 

»'»";«1  .vl,i.h  appear  Lubcc  F,"  „  ,J      T"""  "'  '''■'■«""aq„„dd;  Z'" 

"""* '""» "'  'Ve.v  B,.„,.„,;u  ■r'r',-:.!::'.'"  "■""-  '•""•«-■  "«■  '^e 

^'''inpobello    thp 

S:ora1,S»'S"'>^«SfrS/^^^^^^  -'  ^'."W  .y  ....  „„„,„ 


Cro 


uu 


'■ 


•I  ■ 


fliN 


ii! 


•(   I 


m^ 


I,:!: 

! 

''1' 


322      Jioute  50. 


GRAND  MANAN. 


Grand  Manan  is  situated  off  Quoddy  Head,  about  7  M.  fh)in  the  Mulne 

coa.<t,  and  pertuiiiH  to  tlie  Provinte  i»f  iNew  Brunswick.  It  iH  «>uflily  roaclied  fidiu 
£arttpurt,  witli  wliieli  it  hoA  stiuuilmiit  inuiuiuuicution  (2  lirct.).  Tlie  Huniuier  cli- 
mutt!  wuuld  Ite  delicious  were  it  nut  for  the  fogs  ;  und  it  ii)  ciuiuied  thiit  invai  Is 
Buttering  from  gout  and  dyepepsin  receive  uiucli  lienefit  here  (very  likely  from  tlie 
enforceil  alist'ueiice  from  ricli  food).  Tlie  brooks  and  the  many  fresh-wuter  \»\\.M 
all'ord  fair  trouting  and  bird-shooting,  and  a  lew  deer  and  rabbits  are  found  in  flio 
woods.  Neat  rooms  and  simple  fare  may  there  be  obtained  for  l$4  -7  a  week.  The 
JUarble-Iliilyc  House  is  at  North  Head. 

The  island  of  (Jrand  Manan  is  22  M.  Ump;  and  3-6  M.  wide,  and  lios  in 
the  nioutii  of  tlie  IJay  of  l-'uiidy,  whose  poweiiiil  tides  swecn  ilIlpetll(lll^l^' 
by  its  shores.  It  has  about  2,700  inhabitants,  wlio  dwell  along  the  roiul 
which  connecis  ihe  harbors,  and  are  famous  for  their  fisheries. 

Grand  Harbor  is  the  chief  of  the  island  hamlets,  and  has  an  Kpiscopal 
church  of  stone,  besides  a  small  inn.  The  South  Shore  is  reached  In  a 
(jodd  road  leading  down  from  Grand  Harbor.  At  5  M.  distance  is  ilie 
narrow  Inirbor  of  Stal  Core,  beyond  which  the  road  lies  nearer  to  the  sea, 
affording  line  marine  views  on  the  ).,  including  the  Wood  Islands  and 
the  Gannet  IJock  Lighthouse,  'J-IOM.  at  sea.  4  M.  beyond  Seal  (Jove 
the  road  reaches  lirtxtd  C'lve,  whence  a  path  leads  across  the  downs  for 
about  2  M.  to  the  high  and  ocean-viewing  cliffs  of  S.  W.  Head.  Among 
the  rugged  and  surf-beaten  rocks  of  this  bold  promontory  is  one  which  is 
called  the  Southern  Cross. 

Stages  and  steamers  run  30  M.  N.  W.  from  Eastport  to  Calais.    The 
steamer  moves  out  across  the  broad  and  island-studded  bay,  passing  on 
the  1.  Pleasant  Point  (in  Perry),  the  home  of  the  400  remaining  members  j 
of  the  Openango  tribe  of  the  Etchemin  nation  of  Indians.     The  first  stop- 
ping-place is  St.  Andrews  (witli  a  large  new  hotel  accommodating  300] 
guests),  a  decadent  maritime  provincial  town(3,000  inhabitants),  pleasaiitlyj 
situated  on  a  long  promontory,  and  having  fine  facilities  for  bathing,  l)oat.j 
ing,  and  fishing.     St.  Andrew  is  the  shire-town  of  Charlotte  County,  N.  B.J 
andisthe  terminus  of  the  New  Brunswick  Railway.    Beyond  this  port  th^ 
bay  narrows  rapidly,  and  Neutral  Island  (with  its  lighthouse)  is  itassedj 
oppiosite  Robbinston.     Henri  IV.  of  France  granted  Acadia  (an  indctiiiitj 
district,  embracing  Nova  Scotia,  New  Brunswick,  and  as  much  more 
he  could  get)  to  the  Sieur  de  Monts  in  1602.     In  1604  the  grantee  broiigli 
over  a  colony  (mostly  of  Huguenots)  and  settled  on  this  island,  \vliic| 
he  fortified  .strongly.     During  the  mournful  winter  of  1604  -  5,  36  out 
70  of  the  colonists  died,  either  from   scurvy,  or  from   drinking  wati 
poisoned  by  the  Indians.     Remains  of  De  Monts'  fort  may  be  seen  on  tl| 
island  (which  belongs  to  the  U.  S. ).     Robbinston  vill.nge  is  now  touched  i 
and  then  the  steamer  passes  up  by  Oak  Point  and  Devil's  Head  to  Cala 
{Border  City  Hotel ;    St.  Croix  Exchange).     This  is  a  city  of  about  G,C 
inhabitants,  with  2   banks,  2  weekly  papers,  and  6  churches.     It  \\j 
founded  in  1789,  and  has  a  lai-ge  shipbuilding  and  lumber  business. 

A  railway  runs  20  M   N,  W.  from  Calais  to  Lewey's  Island  (in  Priiicctou  ; 
inns),  whence  the  picturesque  Schoodic  Lakes  may  be  entered.     Tlie  steaij 
"  Nniad"  iuiis(iiT<'giilaily,  for  lumbering  work)  on  Lewey's,  l?ig,  and  Long  LaM 
There  is  a  large  village  of  l'assama([Uoddy  Indians  on  one  of  these  lakes,  i 
linnting  and  fishing  parties  from  the  coast  cities  often  pass  the  sununer  lieie, 
roug'iing  it  in  canoes  and  in  the  forest. 

Mail-stages  run  from  Calais  to  Eastiiort ;  also  (daily)  through  the  vast  aii'i  (it"'" 
olate  forest  to  Bangor.  95  M.  W.  ;  fare,  $7.60  ;  also  (from  Princeton)  to  Hniilton. 


1 1 


■:       \ 


\- 


m 


»( 


'i 


;i 


ll 


'}. 


te»?si£ 


1/ 


If 

12 

',1 

\ 

(I 


•f 

F 

Stajies  run  on  tlie  Military  itoal,  to  /'orf  Aenf,  «4  m,  in.  v\  .  oi  rresqiie 


m 


\m4  .^ 


F«  run  on  tlie  Military  Ro.rl,  to  Fort  Kent,  U  M.  N.  W.  of  Presqne 


fa 


31c 


T 

rCnfe 


-E3-Slc5rwi 


1^.^ 


juisuu  I  LI  1 1  m  iinifi  1 1 1  F^''^'^' — 

w 


^ 


l^^-^# 


NEW  YORK. 


,  CUy  I  lull 
Court  House 


C.7 

C.7. 

I).7 

C.7. 

U.S. 

D.7. 

C.8. 

D.6. 

U.S. 


ig. 

20. 
21. 
22. 

23- 
24. 

25- 
26. 


Mti'  /V.i7  <)//'(  ^ 

Custom  House 

Sub-Treasury 

Castle  Garden 

Tombs 

Cooper  Institute 

Y.M.C.  Association  C.i 

,  Acad,  of  Design    C.3. 

C.4. 

.  Resen'oir  C.2, 

.  BelUn'ue  Hospital    K.^ 

.  St.  Luke's     „         C.I. 

.  Inst,  for  the  3lind  B. ;„ 

.  Five  Points  Afission  I  ).^>. 

K.C. Orphan  Asylum 

C.I. 

,  IK(W/i/;;'i'  Hospital  U.i- 

,  <4 »/()/■  Library  U.j 

University  of  N.Y.  C.5. 

Columbia  Coltet^e      C.i. 

Collefic  of  N.Y.        U.3 

f/tv/.  T/ieoloi^.  Sem.  B.4. 

Was/iingtonAfarketC.T. 

Fulton  ,,       U.7. 


CHURCHES. 


27.  Trinity  C.7. 

28.  6'/.  y"rtw/'j  C.7. 

29.  A'^Tt'  Cathedral  C.  1 . 

30.  Grace  V).\. 
y..  Christ  C.2. 
32.5/.  Thomas  C.i. 
33.  Transfiguration  C.J. 
^^.  Epiphany  D.2. 
35.  Temple  Emanuel  C.2. 
26.St.Paul(Afeth.)  U.3 
yj.  Brick  {Pres.)  C.2. 

38.  .SV.  6V(?rg-f  (VT//J.)  U.4. 

39.  /f//  5ok/j  ( t/«»V. )  U.4 . 

40.  Messiah  „  C.  2. 
i\l.  Fourth  Univ.  C.2. 

42.  .SV.  Patrick  U.  5. 

HOTELS. 

43.  ./'■//'M  Avenue  C.3. 
44-  C.5. 
45.  Grand  Central  U.5. 
^.Metropolitan  U.5. 


47.  Grand  Union  \^,2 

t^B.  Brand  ret 'i  C.6 

49.  /h/tf*-  C.  7 

50.  l).7 

51.  //<y/";//,/M  C.  3 

52.  Everett  C.4 

53.  AV.  A;//i  C.U.4 
83.  Westtninster  U.4 

I  THEATRES. 

54.  Grand  Opera  House  U.3. 

55.  /4t(/(/.  <y^  A///y/i        I). 4. 

56.  C.3. 
I  57.  Union  Square  U.4. 
l^S.Niblo's  U.5. 

i  59.  Steinway  Hall         1X4. 

I 

j  DEPOTS. 

60.  Grand  Central        C.2. 

61.  Spuyten  Duyvil       H.3. 

62.  A(>;/(,'^  Island  A'.h'.  F.2. 

63 .  J /t)r m  *&* Essex  , ,   A . 5 . 

64.  /'.'//V  A. 6. 

65.  /'W  ///<•  .So/////  A. 7. 

66.  CentraK  N.J. )  h'.K.  U.S. 

SQUARES. 

67.  IVashiui^ton 

68.  Tompkins 

69.  Union 

70.  Madison 

STEAMERS. 

71.  .S'f/j,'-  Harbor  and 

New  Haven         l^.y. 

72.  Albany  H.6. 


C.5. 

K.4,5. 

C.4. 

C.3. 


BROOKLYN. 

73.  07/  //////  F.8. 

74.  Court  House  F.8. 

75.  Post  Office  F.8. 

76.  Mercantile  Library  F".8. 

77.  Academy  of  Music  F.8. 

CHURCHES. 

78.  Pilgrim's  F.S. 

nq.  Plymouth  {Beecher' f) 
E.8. 

80.  //ij/y  7'r///»V>'  F.8. 

81.5/.  ^««'j  F.8. 

82.  Our  Savior  {  Unit. )  F.8. 


UT. 


Mm  I 


'!! 


321 

I 

o 

COM 

KuMt 

IllUti 

enfo 
allot 
won 

t 

the 
bvi 
wlii 
6 

cIlU 

lllili 

affj 
tim 
the 
ab(v 
tliet 
cal^ 

S 
stea 
the; 
of  t 
pini 
guei 
situ 

i"g. 
and 

bay 

OPP 

dist 

he  ( 

ova 

hel 

70 

poif 

isla 

and 

{Bo 

inh 

few 

A  t 

inni  ? 

"K  < 

The  * 

limmiig  nnu  iisiiiuij  pamps  irnm  tiie  coast  ciues  uiu-n  pi«»i»  ttie  BtiiintM-i  h««. 

roug^iing  it  in  ninoes  and  in  tlie  forest. 

Mail-stages  rini  fioni  Calais  to  Eastpoit  ;  also  (dailv)  throngh  the  vast  aiiii  '•f^- 
olate  forest  to  Bangor.  95  M.  W.  ;  fare,  *7.50  ;  also  (from  Prinretnu)  to  H'-mlton. 


A  rov( 
NVw-Ilrii 

'»f  < '(I  I.I  is 
linl  krpf 
'llllill;,'  thi 

Kropi   f, 
fiiivst  Ccro 

wIliMICl!   a 

''fiilcion  ( 

s'lily  sitnn 

runs  (lirnii, 

n'^iT  is  crtii 

"*fr  a  siKv, 

'''"'  railway 

till'  'IVtiiisfo 

'''*'<'r  (.xee  p 

'•'lorn  Del 

I/'iKsi' ;    /Jif, 

J  population 
M.  (hy  railw 
^-  E.  Maine. 


WOODSTOCK. 


Route  SO.      .T23 


A  covered  bridpo  leads  from  Calnin  to  St.  Stephen  ( Queen  Ilotvl),  a 
Ni'w-IJrimswick  town  of  5,01*0  iiiliahitnnts  and  6  churches.  Theciti/ciis 
of  Calais  nnd  of  St.  Stephen  ha\e  always  lived  in  fraternity,  and  formed 
mill  ki'pt  on  njjreeniont  by  which  they  refrained  from  nuituul  hostility 
(liiiiii.,Mlie  War  of  1812. 

FioiM  this  point  the  New-llrnnswick  Uaiiway  runs  \V.  through  the 
fnrcst  (crossinj;  Honte  40  at  McAdain  .Function)  to  Pihir,  74  M.  distant, 
wti.Micc  a  branch  roml  runs  (in  11  >[.)  to  Woodstock,  the  shire-fown  of 
Cinlcton  Comity,  N'.  B.  This  town  has  4,000  inhabitants,  and  is  plca^- 
,'iii!ly  situated  on  the  .St.  .lohn  IJiver,  l.'")0  M.  front  its  month.  A  railnunl 
runs  thronph  Tobique  to  Grand  Falls  {(irimd-FnUf  Jfntd),  where  the, 
river  is  contracted  into  a  narrow  .cor;;e  between  lofty  cliffs,  and  pbuii^cs 
over. a  succession  of  rocUy  steps,  the  first  leap  bein;,'  40  ft.  perpendicular. 
Tlio  riiihvay  continues  up  the  river  to  Edmundston  (Hotel  Unfnu),  whence 
tiie 'IVmiscouata  liailway  runs  to  Uiviere  du  I^up,  on  the  St.  Ijiwrenco 
Kiver  (see  page  .'385). 

From  Debee  a  branch  railroad  runs  N.  W.  8  M.  to  Houlton  {Snelt 
llmso ;  Ptinzell  I/ntisc),  the  shire-town  of  Aroostook  County,  Maine,  with 
iliopulation  of  2,851,  2  weekly  i)apers,  and  5  chun^hes.  Houlton  is  456 
M.  (liy  railway)  from  Boston,  and  has  stage-routes  running  to  all  parts  of 
N.  E.  Maine. 

Stages  run  S.  throuffli  Ilods'lon,  Amity,  Orient,  Weston  (30  M.),  and  Topsfleld, 
to  Caliiis  ;  tliroui^h  Liunous,  Macwalioc,  and  Mohuikus,  to  MatUiwanikeaK  ;  to 
Smyi'iu,  Ro(;kat)ema,  and  Patten  (\V.) ;  by  Littleton,  Monticello,  Rridgewater 
dinner  at  Halt- Way  House),  and  We«tlield,  to  Presciue  Isle  ;  also  N.  by  Mars  Hill 
and  Eiiston,  to  Fort  Fairlleld. 

Prcsijue  Isle  (good  hotel)  is  a  forest-village  of  450  inhabitants,  with  2 
papers  ("  Sunrise  "  and  "  North  Star"),  3  churches,  and  an  academy.  It 
is  42  M.  N.  of  Houlton,  and  is  the  capital  of  Aroostook  County  and  the 
cwitre  of  its  rich  fanning  lands,  which  cover  over  500,000  acres,  and 
are  being  rapidly  settled  on  account  of  its  variety,  cheapness,  and  fertil- 
ity, Many  Swedes  live  here,  and  Madawaska  is  a  i)oi»ulous  French  dis- 
trict. Tiiere  is  good  fishing  and  pleasant  scenery  in  the  vicinity  ;  and  12 
M.  N.  E.  is  Fort  Fairfield,  on  tho  New-Brunswick  Railway,  3  M.  from 
Aroostook  Falls.     Caribou  village  is  i>icturesquely  situated,  12  M.  N. 

Stages  run  from  Presfine  Isle  to  Houlton  ;  also  (tri-weekly)  to  Ashland,  24  M. 
J",  wlii'iici!  a  lunibcr-road  runs  W.  by  the  Allagash  Mts.  to  tlie  Luke  of  Seven 
1*'1''<,  a  little  above,  the  head  of  tow-boat  navi^'atiou  on  the  St.  Jolm  River  and 
werSO  M.  inim  Ashland.  This  road  jtasses  throuj,'li  tlie  lieait  of  the  great  forest. 
"The  iirimeval  woods  of  Maine  still  cover  an  extent  seven  times  tiiat  of  the 
laiiioiis  Hliink  Forest  of  Germany  at  its  largest  e.\i)anse  in  modern  times.  The 
States  of  H.  L,  Conn.,  and  Delaware  could  be  lost  together  in  our  northern  forests, 
'111  still  liitve  about  each  a  margin  of  wilderness  sufficiently  wide  to  make  the 
f^l'lorutimi  witliout  a  compass  a  work  of  desperate  adventure." 

Fort  Fairlield  (Collins  House)  is  on  the  frontier,  on  the  road  running  E.  from 
ff«q"o  Isle  to  Tobiipie  (N.  B.)  on  the  St.  John  River.  It  has  nearly  2,0Q0  in- 
Iwljitaiits.  witli  5  cluirches. 

Stapes  run  on  the  Military  Roal,  to  Fort  Kent,  84  M.  N.  W.  of  Presqne 


. 


1  ■ 


I 


J 


i 


;iMi-;iV 


324     Route  50. 


MADAWASKA. 


fji 


Isle.  This  route  crosses  and  follows  the  Aroostook  River  to  Caribou,  and 
then  runs  for  12  M.  through  the  forest  to  Van  Buren  (  Van  Buren  House), 
a  semi-French  settlement  (1,000  inhabitants),  with  a  Catholic  college,  on  tlie 
St.  John,  and  near  the  Grand  Falls.  The  road  now  turns  N.  W.  and  ful- 
lows  the  St.  John  12  M.  to  Grand  Isle  (Cyr's  Hotel),  opposite  St,  Basil, 
with  its  great  convent,  a  French  village,  10  M.  beyond  which  is  Mada- 
waska  (Paujle's  Inn),  a  village  belonging  to  a  large  district  which  lias 
long  been  inhabited  by  Acadian  French,  who  were  expelled  from  Nova 
Scotia  {Acadic)  in  1755.  There  sire  several  thousand  of  these  Catholic  ami 
"picas  Acadian  peasants,"  divided  into  4  parishes,  and  here  the  toiiri«t 
may  perhaps  find  an  •*  Evangeline  "  (The  poem  has  been  translated  into 
Canadian  French,  and  is  popular.)  The  Eagle  Lakes  lie  S.  of  this  villngc, 
which  is  100  M.  N.  of  Houlton,  32  M.  from  Grand  Isle  (the  §tage  foilmv- 
ing  the  St.  John  River,  and  passing  through  Dionne),  Fort  Kent  (/•V/^/c 
Hotel),  with  its  two  inns  and  ruined  block-house,  is  reached.  The  popula- 
tion is  still  Frencn,  and  15  M.  W.  is  St.  Francis,  another  Acadian  village. 
(Stages  run  occasionally.) 
Fort  Kent  is  194  M.  from  Bangor,  and  440  M.  from  Boston. 


NEW  YORK  CITY  TO  THE  SAGUENAY  RIVER. 

Having  described  New  England  and  her  eastern  frontier  in  the  fiO  pre- 
ceding routes,  it  has  been  thought  advisable  to  add  thereto  a  brief  survey 
of  those  most  interesting  regions  which  lie  on  the  west  and  north  of  her 
borders.  The  tourist  might  easily  arrange  a  profitauie  and  pleasant  sum- 
mer-trip, by  taking  either  of  the  Routes,  3,  8,  19,  or  21,  to  New  York, 
thence  ascending  the  Hudson  to  Albany,  and  passing  to  Montreal  l)y  way 
of  Saratoga  and  Lakes  George  and  Chamidain,  whence  Quebec  and  t!ie 
Saguenay  are  easily  reached  ;  and  the  return  to  Boston  could  be  effected  Iiy 
either  of  the  Routes,  24  (and  25)  or  40  (and  37  or  38.) 

The  region  between  New  York  and  Montreal  is  much  more  fully  de- 
scribed  in  Ticknor's  '*  The  Middle  States :  A  Handbook  for  Travellers,"! 
which  also  covers  all  the  territory  B.  to  Washington  and  W.to  Fittsburgli. 
It  contains  477  pages  and  2']  maps  and  plans  (price,  $  1.50). 

The  region  from  Montreal  to  Quebec  and  down  the  Gulf  to  Prince  Ed- 
ward Island,  Nova  Scotia,  and  Newfoundland,  is  carefully  described  i' 
Ticknor's  "  The  Maritime  Provinces :  A  Handbook  for  Travellen.' 
This  volume  contains  336  pages,  with  8  maps  and  plans  (price,  $l-5i 
Ticknor's  "White  Mountains"  thoroughly  describes  the  peaks  anil 
passes,  hotels  and  villages,  of  the  White-Mountain  region.  4  maps  a:i 
6  panoramas.    $  1.50. 


'loii'f,  oil  .A 
•rraiiicrcv-p. 

S«t-cias,s  ifo, 
all  til,;  luxun 
oil  aii.l  near  ( 
»'iJ  J8th  St  • 

['"■'■>  r.  1011 1.     -J 
f}-  Denis  Hot, 

fjou  I  (corner, 
«'oaJw,.y  a„.j 
ho-eU  .bore  M 
'f'"'w(o„  Hros 
o'^fhe  Ue.st., 

P''"  ''0!.'l,  .-It  IJ, 

Ki^  ''  "road 

£"ot,.|«  for  frl 
"•here.    For  a  I 

!,,,'<'•  Grand  XJnt 

^''«  Bakery    r;1 
'n-(o,rn  fl  '  "ro| 

""  2.3,1  %"»'^""'nl 

••^  '^t  ana 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


Soute  51.      325 


Caribou,  ati(\ 
\urtn  //ot(Sf)i 
;ollege,  on  t\ie 
.  \V.  and  W- 
,8ite  St.  Ba^il, 
hicb  is  Ma^a- 
trict  which  lias 
led  fvom  ^'ova 
,se  Catholic  and 
here  the  touri-t 
I  translated  into 
,,  of  this  village 
the  ^tage  folloNv- 
'ortKeat  (/•■"!/'' 
ed.  \^e  por'^^'i- 
.  AcadW  village. 

oston. 


Y  RlVEE. 

Ltier  in  the  f.O  pre- 
eretoahviefs^^ruy 

and  north  of  l^et 
,  and  pleasant  sum- 
Ul,to  New\orV 
to  Montreal  hy  -J 
,ce  Quebec  and  t^ 

could  be  effected  l^i  I 

imch  more  m^, 

Lw.tol'itt.buvgl.. 

le  Gulf  to  P""ce  t 
L  ,or  TraveU  ^^ 

l-bes  the  peaks  .  ;< 
Lgion.    4mar^« 


61.  New  York  City, 


Hotels.  —  The  *  Windsor  is  a  lofty  and  elegant  house  on  upper  Fiftli  Ave.  (corner 
of  IJtli  St.),  charging  !tf5  a  day.     The  *Buckinghuin  (Europeau  plau)  is  a  palatial 
f,iiiiily  liotel  on  b'lfcu  Ave. ,  corner  of  5L)th  St.  (oppo.-ite  the  Cattiedral),    The  *  t'ifth- 
Aveiiuf,  <ii  M.idison  Square  (8-lK)0  guests),  is  a  vast  and  superb  marble  building. 
Tlie  ».Murraj-ilill  i.i  ou  I'ark  Ave.,  close  to  the  Grand  Central  Depot.     The  *  Park- 
,\viMiue  (Hmopean   plan)  is  at  Park  Ave.  and  8id  St.      Tlie  *  Metropolitan,  584 
llronlwiiy,  coi-ntT  of  Prince,  is  of  brown-stone,  six  stories   high,  and  cost  ne.irly 
Sl,i)ilO,iJiH).    The  *  Grind  Central,  G71  Broadway,  l)etween  Amity  and  Bleecker  Sts., 
i<  eight  stories  high,  of  marble,  and  accommodating  600  guests.      The  Hoffman 
House,  on  Madison  Square,  is  an  aristocratic   house,  caring   for  350  guests.      Tl.o 
(irameirv-Park  House,  on  Gramercy  Park,  is  an  inunense  family  hotel,  with  room 
f)rt)-80:t  gnest.s.    The  Grand  liotel,  corner  of  Broadway  and  3lst  St.,  is  an  elegant 
Srst-class  liousc  (European  plan).     These  immense  hotels  are  amply  ^upplied  with 
all  till!  luxuries  of  modern  American  civilization.    There  are  several  tirst-class  hotels 
on  ami  near  Union  S(}uare  :  the  Everett  (European   plan);  the  Clarendon,  4th  .\ve. 
and  18th  St.;  the  Union  SquJire ;  and  Hotel  Dam,  lOi  E.  15th  St.  (European  plar>, 
etc.    Ta  ■  New- York  Hoti-l,  721  Broadway,  charges  from  *  3  a  day ,  or  from  *  1  a  day 
firarioin.     The  Presi;ott  House,  531  IJroadway,  accommodates  3J0  guests.     The 
St.  Denis  Hotel  (European  plan)  is  on  Broadway  opposite  Grace  Church.     The  St. 
Clou  1  (corner  of  Broadway  and  i'lA  St.)  is  a  good  up-town  hotel ;  the  Gilsey  House 
(Uio.iiw.iy  and  2!lth  St.)  and  the  St.  James  (Broadway  and  26th  St.)  are  also  fine 
hotels  above  Madison  Square.     These  are  .all  on  the  European  plan.     Tlic  *Astor 
House  (on  Broadway,  opposite  the  Post  OHice)  i.^  kept  on  the  European  plan,  as  are 
also  the  Westminster  corner  living  Place  and  Ifith  St.  >,  the  Brevoort  (5th  Ave.  and 
Btli  St.),  the  Albemarle,  the  Ashland,  etc.   The  Hotel  Bartholdi  (European  plan)  is  at 
Broalw.iy  and  23 1  St.,  Madison  Sq.    The  Barrett  Hou=-e  is  an  immense  new  European- 
plm  hold,  at  Broadway  anjjl  43d  ?t.  (Long  Acre).     The  Hotel  Vcndonie  is  at  Broad- 
way an  I  41st  St.  (American  plan).     The  Madison-Avenue  Hotel  is  at  Madison  Ave. 
anloHth  St.,  near  Cent'al  Park.    The  Hotel  Normandie  ( European  plan)  is  a  fire- 
proof building  at  IJror.dway  and  38th   St.     The   Victoria  Hotel  (American  and 
Kirnpe;i;i)  U  at  Broadway,  5th  Ave.,  and  2(jth  St.    The  Olenham  Hotol  (Europcaa 
plan)  \n  on  5th  Ave. ,  between  21st  and  2  'd  Sts.     The  Langham  is  a  fiimily  hotel,  at 
oih  Ave.  and  52d  St.     The  Sturtevant  House  (S  3  -4  a  day )  is  at  Broadway  and  2!)th 
St    The  llo.ssmore  (8  3-3.50  a  day;  rooms  from  $1  a  day)  is  at  Broadway  and 
♦21  St.    The  Hotel  Koyal  is  at  6th  Ave.  and  40th  St.     The  St  Denis  (European 
|Plan)i3  at  Broadway  and  11th  St.     French's,  Le;;gett's,  Sweeny's,  and  the  Cosmo- 
tan  arc  near  the  City  Hall  Park.    Rooms  may  be  obtained  at  the  European- 
ilaa  hotels  for  from  iS  1  to  #3  a  day,  with  meals  a  la  cnrfe  within  tlie  house  nr 
^ewhere.    For  a  tourist  who  U  to  make  but  a  short  visit  to  New  York,  these  houses 
W  be  found  more  commodious  and  less  expensive  than  those  on  the  American 
to.    Taere  are  about  140  other  hotels  in  the  city,  several  of  which  are  first-class 
T.ie*Gtand  Union,  opposite  the  Grand  Central  depot  (42d  St.)  is  conveniently 
ituatel  for  passengers  arriving  by  late  trains  from  New  England  cr  t'^.e  North.    It 
nvery  large  house,  on  the  European  plan. 

Kestaurants.  —  *  Dehnonico's,  corner  5th    Ave.   and  26th   St.,  the  best  in 
fflfrici  \\\\t\\  branch  establishments  down  town).     The  Parker  is  on  Broadway 
'«  ;Uth  St.    At  31)  Park  Row  and  at  Lcggetfs  liotel  are  larjro  eating-houses  for 
'^n-town  merchants. 

T.iecat.'s  and  restaurants  attached  to  the  large  hotels  on  the  European  plan  (the 

"nswirk.  Grand  Union,  Hoffman,  Oilsey,  St.  Denis,  etc.)  are  generally  well  kept, 

!>re  nuich  visited  by  ladies.    Oysters  may  be  found  in  every  variety  at  Dorlon's, 

Mton  .Market.     Maillard's  (621  Broadway)  is  famous  for  fine  confectionery  an(l 

"folate.    Ladies  frequent  Clark's,  in  W,  231  St.,  and  other  lunch-rooms  in  the 

'■lity.    Iluyler's  is  famoufl  for  ices  and  confectionery.      Table  (Vhnte  dinners 

'«)atMorello's,  28th  St.,  near  Broad wav,  from  6  to  8;  Moretti's,  3<1  Ave.  and 

">  J^t ;  Pur.sell's,  Broadway,  near  20th  St.;  .laques's,  54  W.  11th  St.,  etc.     The 

""la  Bakery,  Broadway  and  10th  St.,  has  coffee  and  rolls,  table  (Vhtte,  etc. 

ifown,  the  Astor  house  has  a  large  restaurant.    Nash  and  Crook's  is  a  crowded 

tiusy  restaurant  in  the  "  Times"  building  ;  and  there  is  a  good  dining-room  nt 

^'"P  of  the  Mutual  Bull  ling. 

'^adin(;-KnnmM.  — In  all  the  chief  hotels  (for  guests);  Y.  M.  C.  Association, 
r  23a  .'t.  and  4th  Ave.,  also  at  285  Hudson  St.,  473  Grand  St.,  and  28.j 


I'  . 


!•; 


■«■■.■ 


tl 


W\' 


326    Roide  51. 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


Qi    5  ■  City  Library,  Citr 
Hall,  open  free  to  all,  1"    *  , .„„.3  Library,  open  9-4  <.i»  i- 

S  -to 'k  s^n--^^  ^'Z,X  :il";^-S^^>'  ^^'^'^*^i  which,  ho^ove. 
Svostoffl.es  (Stations  .^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

r-irrlages.  -  Froqui-nt  '.l^'^^"-:  .     „.     Attempts  are  b«n^  ..'^tt  comparative.y 

a.f  but  n,?htly  ^l-'^l^ZTn  SSstem  into  New  Yor^,-tJi^  be/huu,  in 

a  m-dification  of  ''«  ^^vers.    A  tariff  of  fares  is  (or^^  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^ 

U)w  fares  and  courteous  ,'^";^^„„uently  attempt  to  extur^i^^^^  ^^^,,.j  j„f. 

^^ss^'Sr^s^-- -- -"^^^  "-^^ : :;: 

iianly  of  <'^""^,  h^'"  be  «een.  ,     „  .th  Ave.  from  Washington  ?a.  to 

p,.licen>an  who  may  'h-       j,     g  v)  run  along  5th  Ave. 

Omnibuses  (called      sta^^'s    ;  n^  Park  Tlacc  tn 

CentmlParMi^-'5;f^f  ;^ro  ^,„,,  ,f  the  Unes^s  .^^^  aSL  House  (V-ey 

Bowery,  4th  Ave..  -3^^^^^^  ^^,        Ai;«""''   ^Arand  Madison  Aves.  ;  (M  "^™.. 
Chatham  St     East  uk^  ,^^  ^"wery,  4th  ^n^      ^^^^^  ^.^^^ 

House    to  SGth^bt..^  i^>^    ^^^  ^g^^  g^,^  i,y  yantko   „^^^^^^„^  and  8t 


P^'^^  ^'WitS  Pa  kr^y  ^^'«^t  St.  anj  mn  ^^^     v-^^^  g,.  .  ^e)   ^■;^^;'  ^p^^ 


Ferries-  -  i"  »    .  j^  Brooklj-n.  """J,, "  "  gts  ;  to  Govcmo 


s;.,,s,  -^»■^ss  "-«'"'■ '»» «'*-  '"""'•  'J 

and  the  Union  Square  V  | 


NEW   YORK  CITY. 


Route  51.     327 


Sa  be)  bu"*  " 

jrje  to  "-■  <»>' 


to 


rasbington  ^'l 


to 


cornw 


t., 
low 
34lb 
St.   Ave 
„  Aves. 


(^1 
CO 


and  8tb  ^\.,,,ues  B. 


w. 


S^^^^^ 


miuutea.        ^^y,„.UNVtl|] 
lu  sup-,  r;    i\oo^^A 

I  Governors  a"      ^,.i 


theatres;  Bijou  Opera  House  (Broadway  and  Slst  St  ),  light  muMcal  plays;  Daly's 

Thi'atre(Bioadway  and  30tli  St.), standard  coiutiiy  and  good  music;  14th-St.  Tlieatro 

(H;h  St.  iiml  6tl»  Av«. ),  a  rich  interior ;  Star  Tiicatrc  (Broadway  and  Wth  St.).    Tiie 

[lasiuo  ulTord.-*  the  be.-^t  of  orchestral  music,  aud  i.s  a  favorite  sumtuur-eveuiug  resort 

if  the  up-towii  faniilio.s.    The  Thalia  Theatre  (4(J  Bowery)  is  devoted  to  German  plaj  s 

inJ  opor.i.^.    The  Eden  Mi\sec,oa  \V.'J3l  St.,  near  ">tli  Ave.,  contains  •■oiidfrlul  wax- 

nrk.^janil  is  a  very  popular  rc.-ort  (.jO  c.)  ;  and  Tony  P.i.itor's  gives  ,     luliir  varieties 

ind  spectacles.    The  t'oniedy  Tlicatre  (Broadway,  near  2nth  St.)  gives  negro  melodies, 

inces,  etc.    There  are  numerous  well-arranged  German  beer-gardens  in  the  city. 

he  cellar  concert-saloons  on  Hroadway  and  elsewhere  .sliouM  ho  avoided,  for  tlicy 
e  (for  the  most  i)art)  both  disreputable  nnd  dangerous.  Lc<'turcs  and  CDnccMls 
•e  frequently  given  in  Assoi^iation,  Coojier  Institute,  Apollo,  and  IrviiiLr  Hulls. 
piissie  iiuLsic,  oratorios,  and  concerts  are  generally  given  in  Stcinway  Ifall  (14th 

iieir  Hro;i(lway)  and  in  Chiclierin;^  Mall  (.jth  Ave.,  corner  of  LSth  fst.). 
Rallrosuls.  —  Across  Staten  Island  to  Tottcnville,  Pier  1,  E.  II.  ;  to  Phila- 
ihia,  liy  i'renton  (00  M.)  from  foot  of  Cortlandt  St.  ;  by  H.  Aniboy  (D-J  M.) ;  to 
itmi,  I'a.,  from  foot  of  Liberty  St.  ;  to  Grecni>ort,  Long  Island  (foot  of  James 
;  to  Flushing;  to  Ilackettstown  ;  to  Lohl;  13ranch  ;  to  Albany  (M4  M.)  sta- 
in coriu'r  of  42d  St.  and  4th  Ave.  ;  to  Albiny  (l)y  the  Harlem  R.  U. ),  from  the 
St.  station  ;  to  New  Haven  and  Boston,  from  tiie  corner  of  4th  Ave.  and  42d 
Tlie  Kric  Railway  (ferry)  stations  are  at  the  foot  of  Chambers  and  of  2.5(1  St. 
iteamers.    -Transntldiitic  llne^  —  for  Liverpool,  the  White  Star  and  Cunard 
s,  Piers  at  Jersey  City  ;  Inman  Line,  Pier  4'),  N.   R.  ;  U.  S.   Mail  Line,   Pier 
N'atiou.il  Line,  Piers  -U  ind  47,  X.  R.  ;  for  Livoriiool  and  Glasgow,  Anchor 
10,  Pier  20,  N.  R,  ;  for  Loniion,  Piers  44  aud  47,  and  :i,  N.  It.  ;  for  Havre,  Pier 
IN.  K.  ;  for  Ilaniburj?  and  Bremen,  Piers  at  Ilobokon  ;  for  Antwerp  ;  for  the 
^iti'rrancnn  ports.     irc-f< /ar^ioi //)ic{  — for  Havana,  Atlantic  Mail  Line,  Pier 
R. ;  for  Havana  and  Vera  Cruz,  Pier  i7,  E.  R.  ;  for  Hayti,  Nassau,  and  the 
lunulas.     P\)r  St.  Thomas  and  Brazil  (monthly).  Pier  43,  N.  R.  ;  lor  St.  Doniin- 
ilHamana  Bay.     For  Panama  and  San  Francisco  (semi-monthly),  Pier  42,  N. 
iDe  .4mi'ricf»»  coas<  —  for  Key  West  and  Galveston  (tri-monthly).  Pier  20,  E. 
If";  New  Orleans  (;5  weekly  steamers),  Piers  9  and  12,  N.  R.,  and  20,  E.  R.  ; 
Vniandina,  Pier  2!),  N.  R.  ;  for  Savainrih  ,two  weekly  steamers).  Piers  L3and 
'  R. ;  for  Charleston  (thrice  weeklv).  Piers  o  and  8,  N.  R.  ;  for  Newbern  (tri- 
lily),  Pier  16,  E.  R.  ;  for  Norfolk  and  Richmond  (tri-wcekly).  Pier  :57,  N.  R.  ; 
|i  i.«hiii};fon  and  Ale.xandria  (semi-weekly).  Pier  20,  E.  R.  ;  for  Philadelphia, 
\m  fruiu  which  the  steamboats  leave  are  sometimes  changed.    See  the  daily 


to  Jevsey^^_,,,,^,y 


loUen 
iten 


fron^ 
island, 


Bill' 
from 


OP^ 


Ld23d8tV^^    „reii| 

1,  (28tb  8t^, '^^  {aswr 
but  e\ega"*  ^^ 


(iibc  and  river   lines — to  Yonkers,  Tarrj'town,   West  Point,   Newburg, 

iiieepsic,  Hudson,  Albany,  and  Troy,  from  Pier  30,  N.  R.  (morning  boat), 

run  Pier  4L  N.  R.  (evening  boat) ;  other  river-steamers  are  at  Piers  40,  35, 

ami  13  ;  to  Elizabethport  and  Kill  Von  Kull,  from  Pier  14,  N.  R.  (thrico 

I;  tnStaten  Island  (North  Shore)  hourly,  from  Pier  10,  N.  R. (South 

\).  from  Whitehall ;   to  Elizabethport  and  Perth  Amboy,  from  Pier  20 ;  to 

iHianoli,  from  Pier  35  ;  to  Sandy  Hook,  from  Pier  28  ;  to"^Newark,  from  Pier 

l!^.  .Vniboy,  from  Pier  1,  N.  R.  ;  to  Astoriaand  Harlem.  12  times  dailv,  from 

h,  E.  R,  (Peck  Slip)  ;  to  Bay  Ridge,  from  Pier  15.  E.  R.,  0  times  daily  ;  to 

jNwk,  (ilen  Cove,  Roslyn,  and  Wliitestone,  from  Pier  24,  E.  R.  ;  to  College 

piiFhishing,  from  Pier  22,  E.   R.  ;  to  Huntington  and  Oyster  Bay,  from 

IE.  R.  ;  to  Greenport  and  Orient,  from  Pier  4,  N.  R.  ;  to  High  Bridge  and 

pn'l,'e,  from  Harlem  Bridge  ;  to  Morrisania,  from  Pier  22,  E.  R.  ;  to  S.'ig 

(f,  from  Pier  4,  N.  R.     Steamers  leave  for  Greenwich  and  Stamford  from 

E.  R.  ;  for  Norwalk,  from  Pier  37,  E.   R.  ;  for  Bridgeport,  from  Pier  35, 

for  Stratford  and  Milford,  from  Pier  37,  E.  R.  ;  for  New  Haven,  from  Pier 

^(arternoon  and  evening);  for  Hartford  and  the  Conn.  River  ports,  from 

\  E.  R.  ;  for  New  London  (and  Boston),  from  Pier  40,  N.  R.  ;  for  Stoning- 

H  Boston),  from  Pier  33,  N.  R.  ;  for  Newport,  Fall  River  (and  Boston), 

PwiS,  N.  R.  ;  for  Providonne,  from  Pier  27,  N.  R. 


!►  i 


i-^i 


< 


kill 


I  'i 


'   i 


n 


Route  51. 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


New  York  City,  the  commeroial  metropolis  of  the  United  States  and 
tlie  chief  city  of  the  Western  Hemisphere,  is  situated  on  Manhattan 
Island,  at  the  moutli  of  the  Hudson  River,  in    latitude   40'  42'  43 '  N,, 
and  longitude  3°  1'  13"  E.  from  Washington.     The  population  of  the  city 
in  1880  was  1,200,209.     The  island  is  13.^  M.  long,  and  1  -  2  M.  wide  (con- 
taining 22  square  M.),  and  is  bounded  on  the  W.  by  tlie  Hudson  River, 
on  tlic  E.  by  the  East  River,  on  the  N.  by  Harlem  River  and  Spnyiei] 
Duyvil  Creek,  while  its  S.  end  looks  out  on  the  Bay  of  New  York.   TTiS 
lower  part  of  the  island  consists  of  alluvial  deposits,  but  low,  rocky  rilgej  i 
are  found  in  the  central  part,  whicli  ascend  to  the  cli.fs  of  Washingt( 
Heights  on  the  N.     The  city  extends  for  5-6  M.  N.  from  tlic  Ratten,, 
and  the  district  above  the  densely  settled  streets  is  studded  witli  vi 
public  and  charitable  buildings,  and  market-gardens.     The  grand  avcniiej 
called  Broadway  runs  from  the  lower  end  of  the  island  to  tliu  C'eiitiall 
Park,  beyond  which  the  broad  and  costly  Boulevard  conducts  to  the  .\ 
end.     The  city  is  laid  out  somewhat  irregularly  from  tlie  Battery  to  iW 
St.  (2^  M. ),  but  beyond  that  line  a  succession  of  straight,  paralk-l  strefH 
extend  from  river  to  river,  and  are  crossed  at  right  angles  by  l)roa(l  ave. 
nues  running  length' vise  of  the  island.     The  Bay  of  New  Yoi-k  is  one  ofj 
the  most  picturesque  in  the  world,  and  affords  a  safe  anchorairo  for  tli 
lai^est  commercial  fleets  and  the  great  vessels  of  the  European  stLumsli 
lines.     Tlie  inner  harbor  is  entered  through  a  deep  strait  called  the  Xa 
rows,  which  is  defended  by  the  most  powerful  and  imposing  fortilicatioij 
and  aiTOaments  in  the  Western  world. 

The  site  of  New  York  was  discoverfid  by  the  Florentine  mariner,  Vernzzanij 
the  year  1524.    The  harbor  was  again  visited  V>y  Hendrielc  Hudson,  Pdiiiiiiainliij 
a  vessel  of  the  Dutch  East  India  Company  (Sept.  3,  1600),  and  from  tlie  scene 
wassail  and  merriment  which  f'^llowed  the  meeting  of  the  sailors  and  the  iiaiivi 
the  Indians  named  the  island  Manhattan  ("the  place  where  they  all  ijot  ilninkj 
Hudson  then  ascended  the  river  since  named  in  his  honor  to  the  site  of  Altail 
and  claimed  the  land,  by  right  of  discovery,  as  an  appanage  of  Ilollaiid,  \m 
the  name  of  the  New  Netherlands.     In  1614  a  Dutch  colony  came  o- ,  ■,  m\A 
4  houses  and  a  fort  (near  tlie  present  Bowling  Green),  naming  tliu  jilaic  New 
sterdam,  in  honor  of  that  city  which  had  taken  the  foremost  iiart  in  the  m 
prise.     In  1G64,  Teter  Stuyvesant  being  Cai)tain-General  and  llic  I'I.hc  Lavj 
'about  1,800  inhabitants.  King  Charles  II.  of  England  granted  all  the  Iinul  fmni 
Connecticut  to  the  Delaware  River  to  his  brother,  the  Dnke  of  Vdiii,  anal 
English  Hcet  uiuUt  Capt.  Nichols  captured  New  Amsterdam  and  naineii  it^ 
York.     A  Dutch  fleet  retook  the  place  in  1()73  (the  population  beiiiji  nlmiit :', 
but  it  was  soon  restored  to  England  by  treaty.     Gov.  Sir  Edmund  Anilpia 
ousted  by  the  people  (a  few  years  later),  and  Jacob  Leisler  took  his  place, 
ruled  amid  the  trials  and  terrors  of  bitter  political  straggles  and  sanguimiol 
vasions  from  Canada.     In  1700  the  city  had  .ibout  6,000  inhabitants  :  in  170: 
first  free  grammar  school  was  opened  ;  in  1711  a  slave-market  was  ojitiiei 


bunit,  im-t 

of  Amman 

the  Bnti.sii  J 

'i\ie  /ii-.st  Fe, 

;[;'f'''l  Pivsid, 

^'le  first  ste.i 

Jilete.l  ill  ]S2. 

'iuecil  in  jsjj 

prcat  lij-,^  iU.^i 

crisis  ruined 

'i'"lllCtil)ll  of] 

readied  h\  \[<^ 

carirnes  (,/•  U'es' 
lnJ8:'i)\,Hv  V 

\m\in  isro,  [log 

''■•'i^'o'ii,  andifi 

S' "'"'  '^'"^'^^ 
|iii  tJie  wui'Jcl.      ' 


St.  ;  in  1725  the  Nexo  York  '';a2e</«  was  established  ;  ana  in  1732aclassi('aiai'i'^ 
was  founded.  The  commerce  of  the  city  increased  raj>idly,  and  it>  mercii 
took  a  bold  and  decided  stand  against  the  un.'ust  aggressions  of  Parliament. 
American  army  under  Washington  occupied  the  city  in  1776,  but  the  Britisiitn 
who  had  abandoned  Boston  ".aiided  on  Long  I-iland,  and  after  a  severe  battlj 
Broiiklyn,  Washington  was  forced  to  retreat,  other  actions  at  Wiiite  I'lain^ 
King's  Bridge  resulted  in  great  damage  to  the  .\inericans,  and  New  Vorii  «,ii 
in  the  hands  of  the  British,  who  occupied  it  for  seven  years.     Part  of  tlieciH 


'"c 

point  sJ 

;;"o7lie  terries 
'^[''^'^o-'^tatelvl 

'^  '^  ^-^'and,  i,  J 
.].     ^<  "t  fhel 

""•"''  f"  Citv-H. 
;•'■"!  toners 
'■''OO.  It  has 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


125? 


Route  51.     329 


ited  States  and 
on  ^lan^uttan 

ition  of  the  city 

_  2  M.  wi'^*^  *^"^' 
^e  Hudson  Bivtr, 
,ver  and  Simvira 
jjewYovU.  T^'«' 
;  low,  rocky  r#sl 

,T3  of  Wii^^'i"'-^*™ 
from  the  Batten, 
added  Nvill>  vimi 

The  grand  avoral 
and  to  the  Ce>mi 
conducts  to  tk  J 

the  Battery  to  liiH^ 
ight,  paraUel  .treet^ 
.^gles  by  hvoa.\  ar 
^'ew  York  is  one  m 
fe  anchorage  fovW 
;  European  steam^ 
ptrait  called  the  >; 

niposing 


fortiticatwi 


a!S?rom  U;e  -J  v 
-   ,ai\orsand    u 

ere  they  ^^\''l\u 

anage  "^ /,:;",  aiM^ 
llonycanie      ■■;    ^^^._^ 

his:  the  I'l'^"  ^,^p  e„4 

c  ll»1 


e  Si 


mnn 


burnt,  part  of  it  was  turned  into  barracks,  hospitals,  and  prisons,  arid  thousands 
of  Americans  were  confined  on  floatinj;  Imlks  in  the  East  River.  Nov.  25,  1783, 
the  British  left,  and  \Vashiiij,'ton  and  the  Governoi'  of  the  State  entered  in  triumph. 
Tlielirst  Federal  Congress  met  here,  and  here,  in  178'.>,  Washington  was  iiiaugu- 
riitiil  Prt'siileut  (the  city  then  havini.'  :w,000  inhabitants  ;  in  ISO')  it  liad  0),4S0). 
Tiic  first  steamer  was  put  on  tlie  Hudson  in  1S07,  and  the  Erie  Canal  was  com- 
iiletcil  in  1S:2j,  amid  splendid  celebrations  in  the  city  and  St^ate.  Cas  was  intro- 
(lufdl  in  1.^23  ;  in  1832  the  Asiatic  cholera  carried  off  4,8!)'»  i)ersons  ;  in  lS;5,j  a 
(.Teat  lire  destroyed  $  20,000,000  worth  of  })roperty  ;  and  in  18)57  the  great  linancial 
crisis  ruined  thousands.  The  Croton  Anuedui^t  was  complt.'ted  in  1842,  and  a 
fire  in  IS^o  caused  a  loss  of  S  7,0J0,00J.  The  city  has  grown  rapidly  since  the  in- 
triiiliR'tiiin  of  the  railway  system,  and  the  most  remote  parts  of  the  States  are 
rciiclied  hy  its  immense  lines  of  track.  Scores  of  ocean-steamers  and  fleets  of 
pacliet-ships  lirmg  in  the  products  of  all  other  continents,  and  bear  away  full 
carsnes  of  Western  grain,  or  the  manufactures  of  the  Middle  and  Eastern  .^"itates. 
IniS29New  York  had  12:5,700  inhabitants:  in  1840,  ;512,710  ;  in  ISyo,  Sl.'J.CGO ; 
and  in  1S"0, 023, .'541.  There  are  buttwo  larger  cities  (fjondon  and  Paris)  in  Chris- 
tendom, and  if  the  i)opulation  of  the  close-lying  suburbs  of  Brooklyn,  AVillianis- 
\>\\:a,  anil  Jersey  City  were  added  to  that  of  New  York,  it  would  be  the  sixth  city 
in  the  \\\nU. 

The  Battery  is  a  park  at  the  S.  end  of  Manhattan  Island,  containing 
|10\  acres,  and  adorned  witli  large  trees  and  verdant  lawns.     Tlie  water- 
rout  is  Rccnrod  by  a  sea-wall  of  massive  masonry,  above  which  is  a  broad 
iromenado  which  affords  admirable  *  views  of  the  Bay.     Tlie  populous 
tiglits  r*"  Brooklyn  are  in  the  E.,  with  Governor's  Island  nearer  at  liand, 
in  which  the  high  walls  of  Castle  William  are  seen,  witli  the  cnibauk- 
iients  of  the  less  imposing  but  more  powerful  Fort  Columbus,  a  star  fort 
louiitin"  120  heavy  cannon.     Ellis  and  Bedloe's  Islands  are  seen  farther 
OTii  the  harbor,  with  the  long  lull-ranges  of  Staten  Island  beyond,  and 
lersey  City  on  the  W.     The  curious  round  structure  on  the  Battery  was 
it  for  a  fort  ("  Castle  Clinton  ")  in  1S07,  was  ceded  to  the  city  in  1S23, 
was  the  scene  of  the  civic  rccei^tions  of  the  Marquis  Lafayette,  Gen. 
ickson,  President  Tyler,  and  otliers.     It  then  became  an  opera-house, 
*re  Jenny  Lind,  Sontag,  Parodi,  JuUien,  Mario,  &c.,  made  their  appear- 
!«.   Tlie  building  is  now  used  as  a  depot  for  immigrants,  who  are  here 
ieived  from  their  ships,  and  from  Avhich  they  are  sent  to  their  desti- 
■ions,    From  Whitehall,  on  tlie  E.  of  the  Battery,  the  Staten-Island, 
th,  and  Hamilton  (Brooklyn)  ferry-boats  start,  besides  several  horse- 


;al  and  tiu^\^^^^^ji,^„n,  ,  .    ,         .,  ,  

uted  idl  t  >e  ^^^^^,  aivlBaiKl  stage  lines.     Boatmen  may  be  engaged  here  for  trips  in  the  harbor, 
e  Uviwe         ,,^(,,\  it  ^^      ■ 


ilationbcm-'      . 
Sir  Eduuy..,-      ,^^^,e,, 


navket  was  o\ 


\assu'ai »' ^1 


P^*'^"^  Hbe  15nti^l>:l 

'-tion8at^^J'Y,,u4 
us,  aud>'-^    f,l,pcnj 
ears.    1  ^^ 


'Hi  tills  point  South  St.  follows  the  East  Paver  shore  for  over  2  M., 

siiig  the  ferries  to  the  Long  Island  cities,  and  the  piers  at  which  lie 

Ws  of  stately  packet  and  clipper  ships,  and  humbler  coasting-craft. 

liag  Green,  the  cradle  of  Ncav  York,  is  just  N.  of  the  Battery. 

rthokli's  colossal  *  statue  of  Liberty  Enlightening  the  World,  on 

I'ot's  Island,  is  reached  by  steamboats  running  hourly  ^rom  the  L^  S. 

I'Otllce,  at  the  Battery  (25  cts.  for  the  round  trip).    It  is  plainly 

'l6  from  the  Battery. 

'8  East-River  Bridge,  opened  in  1883,  crosses  from  Sands  St., 
»''lvn,  to  City-Hall  Park,  N.  Y.,  5,989  ft.  long  and  135  ft.  above  high 
^'ith  towers  272  ft.  high.     It  took  13  years  to  build,  and  cost 
'•Jit^OO.  It  has  2  carriage-roads,  an  elevated  foot-  path,  and  railways. 


\\4 


! 


!   !i 


i     ! 

ii 

i 


'it'    7 


ki  J 


t  h 


^.A    11 


r 


% 


V- 


m\' 


Route  51, 


NEW   Yf)UK   CITY. 


rsiii 


fi 


jii'i' 


ji'li 


:■•'   I 


No.  1  Broadway  was  built  in  17C0,  and  served  as  the  headquarters  of 
Lord  Howe,  Gon.  Clinton,  Lord  Cornwallis,  and  Gen.  Washingion.  Oj 
its  site  Cyrus  W.  Field  has  erected  a  vast  commercial  building.  15ciiti!i 
Arnold  lived  at  No.  5  Broadway,  and  Gen.  Gage  had  his  head  quarters  ail 
No.  11.  A  .short  distance  above  the  Green  is  *  Trinity  Church,  a  nob,! I 
Gothic  building  of  brown-stone,  with  aspire  284  It.  high.  The  intoriorisl 
192  ft.  long  and  60  ft.  higli,  with  a  deep  chancel  lighted  by  a  siiprf' 
window,  and  with  massive  columns  separating  the  nave  from  the  aisldl 
The  church  is  open  all  the  week,  and  the  ascent  of  the  spire  (HOS  sttpiJ 
small  fee  to  the  sexton)  should  be  made  for  the  sake  of  tlie  *  viewfroaf 
the  iop.  To  the  S.  is  the  noble  harbor  with  its  fleets  and  fortified  islarii' 
and  tL3  fair  villages  of  Staten  Island  in  the  distance;  to  the  \V.,  across! 
Hudson,  are  Jersey  Cit  Newark,  Bergen,  and  Elizabeth;  and  iiii-rirl 
from  Jersey  City  are  Wv  .'Oken  and  Weehawken,  with  the  Palisadis  iij 
the  distant  blue  Higlilands  in  the  N,  The  thronged  and  brilliant  BioiJ 
•way  runs  N.  E.  for  2  M.  to  Grace  Church,  and  the  great  mass  of  the  ci| 
is  seen  on  cither  hand  ;  while  the  course  of  East  River  may  be  followi 
from  above  Blackwell's  Island  by  Flushing,  Astoria,  and  Greeiipoiiit, 
Brooklyn  and  Greenwood.  Directly  below  is  the  crowded  Wall  St.,aloj 
whose  line  ran  the  Avails  of  New  Amsterdam.  There  is  a  large  ami  ra 
erable  graveyard  about  the  church,  in  which  are  buried  Alexai 
Hamilton,  Capt.  Lawrence  (of  the  Chesapeake),  and  other  noted  ni 
while  in  one  comer  is  a  stately  Gothic  monument  to  the  patriots  wlioii 
in  the  British  prison -ships.  Trinity  Sociccy  is  the  oldest  in  XewYi 
and  the  first  edifice  on  the  present  site  was  built  in  169G.  In  1705  Qnj 
Anne  gave  it  a  fine  communion  service  (still  preserved),  and  also  a  1 
tract  of  land  on  Manhattan  Island,  which  has  since  so  increased  in  vil 
that  this  church  is  the  richest  in  America  (said  to  be  worth  over  81 
000),  and  spends  immense  sums  annually  in  benefactions  among  tliej 
of  New  York,  besides  supporting  a  considerable  body  of  clergy  aiulac 
which  is  unsurpassed  in  the  country.  There  are  morning  and  eve| 
prayers  daily  in  the  church  (9  A.  M.  and  3  P.  M. ),  with  imposing  i 
services  on  Sunday.  The  chime  of  bells  iu  the  steeple  is  the  liufj 
America. 

Wall  St.  runs  E,  from  Trinity  Church,  and  is  the  resort  of  hankeij 
brokers,  and  the  financial  centre  of  the  republic.  At  No.  13  tlie  ' 
gallery  of  the  Stock  Exchancjc  may  be  entered,  and  at  about  noon  •• 
an  exciting  view  of  the  busy  whirl  below.  The  stately  U.  S.| 
Treasury  is  «i  the  corner  of  Wall  and  Nassau,  on  the  site  of  tlie ! 
which  Washington  was  inaugurated  first  President  of  the  U.  S.  (bJ!j 
is  built  in  partial  imitation  of  the  Parthenon  at  Athens,  with  Dorkj 
nades  and  classic  pediment,  and  a  lofty  interior  rotunda,  siippoif 
16  elegant  Corinthian  columns.     It  is  of  Massachusetts  niarble| 


le  £1 


hei 


I  %•]!!. 


NEW   YORK  CITY. 


Ran  to.  51. 


rt  (f 


Gliding.    1^^"^'' ' 
LsheadqwirleTstf. 

y  ClxuroU,  a  mV,( 
,^^     T\ie  intt'vioi'i 

"ve  fvom  tl^e  ais.d 
ve  spire  (30S  sUp': 
of  tUe  *  vicNV  fm 
,  and  fovtificdisH 

zabeth-,  and  vn'- 
,th  tlie  Valisa>K'^ 

and  brilUaut  Bvo: 
i.veatn.assonl>ec 

Uvern^ayl^e  folio 
ia,  and  Greeupoiu 

large  aiuU« 


,v-nv(l 


lere  is  a 

■buried 


are 


triot*^ 


ted  tii^ 
wlioJ 


no' 


he 


and  otiier 

oldest  in  V;^  J 

i\  and  also  a" 
served),  anu 

ce  so  increased" 

l.e  ^ortlr  over   1^,* 

factions  among  t « 
ody  of  clergy  a^^^ 

,eUning^^^; 
e  steeple  1=^  tiA 


the  res' 


sort 


ic. 


of  lwiA«' 
rj^je  stately   "•  ^ 


granite  roof),  and  took  8  years  in  building,  costing  ^  2,000,000.  ( Visitora 
.rlniilted,  10-3  o'clock. )  Broad  St.,  the  home  of  specnlators  and  brokers, 
leads  olT  to  tlie  S.  from  tlio  Treasury,  while  running  N.  is  the  busy  Nassau 
St.,  also  lined  with  bankers'  offices,  and  leading  to  the  City-Ilall  Park  — 
cTo^m^  Jo/in  St.,  on  wliicli  is  the  oldest  Metho.list  church  in  America 
(built  in  1768),  and  near  ■which,  on  William  St.,  AVashingtou  Irving  was 
born.  The  venerable  ^Middle  anel  North  Dutch  Cliurclies  (on  Nassau 
and  Fulton  Sts. )  have  been  secularized  and  demolished.  The  former 
was  used  for  the  U.  S.  Post-Oflice  from  ISGl  to  1S75.  Opposite 
the  U.  S.  Sub-Treasury  are  several  ennnent  bankingdiouses,  and  the 
superb  Drexel  building  (built  in  the  Renaissance  style  at  a  cost  of 
8700,000).  Still  farther  down  Wall  St.  is  the  U.  S.  Custom  House,  a 
massive  building  of  granite,  marble,  and  iron,  originally  built  for  a 
Mercluuits'  Exchange,  at  a  cost  of  1;^  1,800,000.  It  is  200  ft.  long,  and  has 
a  portico  of  18  Ionic  columns,  while  a  dome  124  ft.  liigh  overarches  a 
rotunda  surrounded  by  S  rich  Corinthian  colunms  of  Italian  marble,  and 
|capabl'j  of  containing  3,000  persons.  The  elegant  Bank  of  New  York  is 
pusitu  the  Custom  House,  and  just  below  is  Pearl  St.,  tlie  scene  of  a 
!■  ivy  wliolesale  trade  in  cotton  and  other  stai)les.  A  ferry  runs  from  the 
ootof  Wall  St.  to  Montague  St.,  Brooklyn.  Returning  to  Broadway,  the 
jninieiise  buildings  of  the  Bank  of  tlie  Roi)ublic,  the  Metropolitan  Bank, 
|he  Equitable  Life  Ins.  Co.  (137  ft.  high),  and  others  are  passed.  Fulton 
turns  otr  to  the  r.  at  the  busiest  part  of  Broadway,  and  leads  to  Fulton 
erry,  passing  the  Evenimj-Pust  building  and  the  Fulton  Market. 
PauVs  Church  (Epis.),  on  the  1.  of  Broadway,  was  built  in  1766,  and 
s  a  statue  of  St.  Paul  on  its  pediment,  with  a  mural  tablet  in  the  front 
over  the  remains  of  Gen.  Montgomery.  Opposite  the  church  are  tlie 
ridly  ornamented  Park  Bank  and  the  extensive  and  elegant  Herald 
ildinrj,  standing  on  tiie  site  of  Barnum's  Museum  (which  w^as  burnt  in 
The  long  and  simple  granite  front  of  the  Astor  House  comes  next, 
Broadway  (on  the  1.),  with  Vesey  St.  diverging  to  the  1.  and  leading  to 
great  Washinijtun  ^farIcet,  with  ii.i  rude  and  un.^ightly  sheds  filled  with 
re  display  of  the  fruits  and  vegetables,  meats  and  fish,  of  the  adjacent 
tiiets.  Park  Row  stretches  off  obliquely  to  the  r.  from  the  Astor  Mouse 
i'liutiiig  House  Square,  with  its  bronze  statue  of  Franklin.  This  vicinity 
lie  of  the  great  intellectual  centres  of  America,  and  here  are  seen  the 
-■!  of  the  Herald,  Times,  Tribune,  World,  Sun,  Ttler/rnm,  News,  Mail 
tj-pnss,  Journal,  Staais  Ztitniii/  (all  daily  papers,  besides  a  great  array 
teklies).  The  East-River  Bridge  (soe  page  32;))  ends  at  the  City-IIall 
;  and  the  elevated  railway  m.av  be  taken  here  for  up-town,  the  Battery, 
wiklyn.  By  turning  from  Printing-House  Square  down  Frankfort  St., 
klia  Square  is  reached,  with  the  vast  and  imposing  publishing-house  of 
arpers.    Ttie  prolongation  of  Park  Row  is  the  home  of  cheap  trades- 


■  . 


4i 

*• 


;  :l 


i'ii- 


i,.'. 


■:v*' 


.{ 


n 


i   w, 


!!) 
Hi 


f.,  yimm 


IliJUW 


332    RmUe  61. 


NEW  YORK.  CITY. 


u  a  \t  the  S.  end  of  Uie  City 
,en  mock  auctions,  and  f-f^^^l  t  new  ^  U.  8.  Post-Office. 
S  ?lrk,  and  opposite  the  Ast^^^^^^-^^^  lofty  Louvre  domes  an  a 

TLtelyand  imn^nse  g^u^^uddu^;^^,,,,,,,,e^ 

d    e;(hy600men)atl)ixlsl.;j;  ,    n^  ^^^^  ^^,^^  ,^r^^r.^\ 

lorinex"  poniniunicatious.     in*-"    j  -^   imic;  ari 

^.Ipvators    keep    up     coin  ,T^.^nchusetts  marhle,  /lo  i^-  '    /^ 

^f  this  e.«flce  ia  Hie  new  Court  »«"%  ,„        ^ikI  complctd)  W 

t  Mng    to  Corinthian  "cWt-ture.  2.0  ft. J    ».^  ,_^.  ,^        „      ,  J 
bmiaink,  j„,„„,onoed  m  !»"' j!  „,,/.;„„  gained  control  in >li| 

S OOOO  « tlie  infamou.  Tanin.any  R'  f  ;"  =f  eonit  Hon..   tJ 
■;«5l  6  000,000  was  (nominally)  ^P!' 'V      ,„fty  ami  graceW  H 

.        and  other  details  of  the  pu   ,  ^^^^^^      ^^^^.^.^    to   A^   i 

the  brilliant  windows,  the  « »°"8^  ^^^  ,,  ;,  tl,e  "  Bloody  S  x  h  J 
^;^  eanse  constant  -?-%«;,*  .„d  Chatham  Sts.,  wi*  H 
Itaimded  by  Broadway,  Caiia.i>^  ^_^^  ^,j„e.     BJ  ni 

ITdangerons  popnlation    *      *.  P -     y^^^^  ^^^  Tomb.  i.  nj 
down  Leonard  St.  (to  «--■■   ^^'^ILt  and  heaviest  form  oUj 

Toved  by  the  aggressions  of  f  f'™'  ^,j  ftuhy  alleys,  tho  «i 

Cvdedlnd  «*™^:rre;»ry  o?"he  slnms  of  the  Em,».  C^ 
aWe  corruption  and  »"«  ''  ^  policeman  during  a  visit  to  this  m 
i,  well  to  be  accompanied  by  a  poi  ^^^_^i(,^ 

boTh  to  insure  personal  safety™  no  1»^  ^^^_^  „„  ^,„  ,.,  ,ea,h,. 

Advancing  up  Broadway,  Waft«^>'  g^  f,,„„t  i,  „ir,    ..J 

Hudson  Eiver  R.  B.  ^''^ '^^Xu  (cn*lematie  of  Vanderb  H 
rSi:S::e?rS."r  fronts  the  depot,  which  was 


Route  61, 


3.  post-Office. 

•e  doroes  aw\i 
Ivic  au.l  T^^"f  • 

andtbc\3mV\ii^? 
oor  are  resen.! 
a   Courts,  aw^  ^■ 

o\6  ft.  long  Wi 
;iUsters  liuiu,^;; 


cost  $^00,00.0^ 
aK\  compleieU 


NEW   \ORK   CITY. 


John's  Park.     Passing  now  the  superb  white  marble  N.  Y.  Life  Ins. 
liiiildiiiff  (Ionic  architooture)  and  tlie  Brandretli  House,  the  wide  Canal 
St.  is  crossed.     Prince  St.  loails  off  to  tiie  old  Cathedral  of  St.  Patt-irk, 
nnd  tlioii  comes  Bleecker  St.,  tlie   Latin  Quarter  of  New  Yorit,  and 
till'  lii;ii1(iu!\rtors  of    Bohoniiaiii.em.     A   little   way  beyond  the   Grand- 
Central  Hotel  (on  the  1.),  a  side  ntrcot  leads  W.  to  Watihington  Square, 
laid  out  on  the  old  Potter's  Field,  where  over  100,000  bodies  are  buried 
ill  trcmhes.     On  one  fide  of  the  Square  is  the  New-York  University 
(fnuiKlcd    in    18.J1),  a   tine  marble  building    200  ft.   long,   in   English 
Collegiate  architecture,  with  a  large  Gothic  window  lighting  the  chapel. 
.\bove  the  Grand-Central    Hotel,   Astor    riacc    leads  off    obliquely  to 
the   r.    to    the    Mercantile    Library    (with    200,000    volumes)    in    the 
clil  Astiir-l*lace  Opera   House.      Close    by,   on  the    S.,   in    Lafayette 
laee,  is  the  Astor  Library  (oi)en  9-5  daily),  in  two  lofty  halls  in  a 
urt^e  Romanesque  building.     The  library  was  endowed  with  $400,000  by 
oliu  Jacob  Astor,  and  has  about  240,000  volumes,  besides  rare  old  books 
Jid  considerable  departments  in  the  European  languages.      T''e  Biltle 
'ouse  (at  the  end  of  Astor  Place)  is  an  immense  structure,  six  stories 
igh,  covering  |  of  an  acre,  with  700  ft.  frontage,  and  containing  600  oper- 
ives.    It  cost  $300,000,  and  is  the  property  of  the  American  Bible  So- 
iety,  and  besides  the  vast  numbers  of  Bibles  issued  from  its  presses,  there 
13  religious  and  philanthropic  papers  published  in  the  building.    Since 
117  this  society  has  put  in  circulation  9,000,000  Bibles  and  Testaments, 
21  languages.     Opposite  the  Bible  House  is  the  Cooper  Institute,  a 
wn-stone  building  occupying  an  entire  square,  which  was  founded  and 
lowed  by  Peter  Cooper,  of  New  York.     It  has  a  great  library  and  read- 
■vvitU  its'^'Wrooni,  with  courses  of  lectures  and  special  studies,  nearly  all  of  which 
By  tuti^free  to  the  people.     Stuyvesant  Place  leads  N.  E.  from  the  Institute, 
ling  ^t.  Mark's  Church  (Epis. ),  which  has  the  tombs  of  the  Dutch  Cap- 
General  Stuyvesaut  (died  1682),  the  British  Governor  Sloughter,  and 
Vmeriean  Governor  Tompkins.     At  the  end  of  the  Place  is  the  ele- 
yellow  sandstone  building  of  the  N.  Y.   Historical  Society,  with  a 
liistoiical  library  of  60,000  volumes,  collections  of  antiquities,  a  pic- 
MJlery,  and  museums  of  Nineveh  marbles  and  Egyptian  curiosities. 
Is  "Course  of  Empire  "  paintings  are  in  this  art  gallery. 
Broadway,  at  the  corner  of  10th  St.,  is  Denning's  (formerly  A.  T. 
It's)  vast  dry-goods  store,  with  15  acres  of  flooring.     Grace  Church 
eettiry  are  now  seen  on  the  r.,  costly  and  elegant  buildings  of  mar- 
thc  most  florid  Gothic  architecture.    The  lofty  and  graceful  spire 
li  admired,  and  the  interior  of  the  church,  with  40  stained  windows, 
olumns  and  arches  and  carvings,  has  a  marvellous  richness.    At 
^'  .^^°f^  VaiiAerb^^^  '*^'"*  Broadway  bends  to  the  1.,  and  soon  reaches  Union  Square,  a 
a^^^°   •  Vi  was  buitt^t  oval  park,  with  green  lawns  and  shrubbery,  and  a  large  popu- 


being  estuuut|^ 

^    ''   t  tie  sd«  « 

A  the  ToaT  01 « 

a  "Bloody  Svx^'^ 
^anaSts.)i 
^^d  Clime, 

viest  form  o   U. 

intbisvicim; 
ftUbya\M«.^^^^ 


is  veacti 


of'tbe-Bm?;;., 
isittotlu^ 


e  CiWi 


IS 

Vte  detaus. 
on  tbe  1m 
u  front  is 


i:il 


*.  I 


k  < 


:  .  1 


1::^ 


J 


t; 


ii  ■' 


;i'i 


•,1 


M 

■p 

"■.':       M 

'IH 

■    f^^l 

•h, 

'''■ 

'\i 

m 

i^i^'lU 


I 


li  i 


334    It'JUte  51. 


NEW   YOllK  CITY. 


iflBl 


■-t'-iA,      li'juit;  u-L»  , 

On  the  E  is  a  colossal  equestrian  statue  o 
e  ir.,r,iie\i  sDarrows.     Uu  me  u.  •  \v  iq  a  bvonzo  stutuc  ul 

utu'    ^^-^'^"^^^r'::;^:^       U-ity.     Un,versityriaoenn.^, 
fornierly  the  most  avistocrci-rt  ^^^.^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^^^^  1211>  S,„ 

from  Union  Square,  F^«fo  ^^^^  ^-  ' 

founaed  1700  ;  04,000  volun.es)  ^^  ^^^^  n.  Y.  UmvHMty 

^W  the  cle^antSteinway  Hall,  the  Academy  of  Mu., 

14th  St.  ruusE.  hy  the  ^^f-^  ji^u.  ,,^,  .,    ^,, 

("vue  Church  Cliapel,  and  i*"  '"''"'^^_,,,._      t^  the  r.,  dowulbthM.u. 
'''4  ,    Avenue  runs  N.  fron.  Uumn  bquar.     T  ^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^.^ 

.t^vesant  Square  and  ^J' ^^  f::;;;u^ture,  with  a  richly  .eW 
edirtce  ot- brown-stone,  ml  omauc   ,  ^^,,,,,a,  twm  sinres    -     L 

ceiling  100  ft.  above  the  tlooi,  a  spa  ^^,^^,1  ,4 

lugh),  an.l  a  line  rectory  ^^^^^  ^^  ^^  gouls 

4th  Ave.  (corner  of  iOthbt.)is  x  architecture,  with   a  una 

(L!utanan),a  curious  «t^-"^f^"!!'f  On  the  next  corner  is  the'- 
Lo    ses  of  brick  and  l^^^^^'f  «7^\    ^^^nrwu-stone,  and  near  by  .St 
Zy  Ch,.ck  (Epis.),  a  Got  uc  ^-]'^^^^^^^^^^         Romanesque  archUcc «. 

On  the  corner  of  4th  Ave.  and  23^^^-;^^;    ^^  ^,^,,,,  ,ud  Ohio  stone, « 

•     Zuon  buiWmg,  a  large  and  ^^  ^  ,  ,,,  library,  readu>,-K« 

the  Renaissance  architecture,  ^^  \  "f '^'  ^^rangers  will  meet  a  kuull 
';:i!:  a  gymnasium,  ami  a  Pubhchalh     St^ang^^^  ^^^^^^^^  ^  ^  ^.  . 

Llcome  here.     ^PP^f  .':,'^;  J,,  '  ia  .-hite  n.arbles  and  bluc.to. 
Academy  of  Design,  huilt  of  ^r^y/^  ^,,tain  features  afi 

tLe  purer  Gothic  forms  of  the  12th  centtu^  ^,^,^,,^„,  J 

.         tiTle  best  Venetian  ar^e^-  ^^^^  ,^,       .1  su^ 
stairway,  with  extensive  gal  euesm  ^^  ^^^^  ^^^^  „  h^ 

S  exWbitions  of  hundreds  c.  the^  e .m  ^^^^^  ^^^^  .^  ^^^^       .,  J 
American  artists  (admits  on  2ac  ).  ^^  pictures  b>  tiuj 

iection  (on  permanent  <1«P«^^^^.;^^X  works  of  the  old  Itahan  nu.j 
Frt:ihlnd  American  artists  wt^^a-w        ^^^^^^^  ^^        . 

E  of  the  Academy  (on  23d  St    aie  Hospital,  ami  t. 

S^  2  d^^adison  Square  is  soon  .^h^^  ^1;^^;;^^^^^,  ,,  J 

r«it  and  fashion-favored  ^^^^^j'^^aud  adorned  by  a  n.on 

Lt  MSthAve.,  Hoffman,  St.  -^I^-;;' ^^-^^^^..^  Hudson  Riv^b  1^ 

to  Gen  Worth.     23d  St  runs  thence  W   to  ^^^^^  J 

tlie  imposing  Masonic  Hall,  and  t^i     gr  ^^_  ^^^^^.^^  ,^^     ,,„  ,1 

corner  of  ^th  Ave     Turning       t;^^^^  ^„,  fl,urislu».  ^ 

St.^  the  stone  buildings  of  the  y 


NEW    YUKK   CITV. 


Houte  51, 


060 


Theologtcnl  Seminary  fEois  )  ,»o.    1 

M-li-n  Square  for  LJ^^^L^;  T"'     B^oadu^ay  runs  N.  fn.m 

naclo  (c-orner  of   34th  St.),   tC  1   '":'''.    T  ^ '•"^'•^'^-^i-'al  TaLer- 
-'•of  «th  Ave),   and  long  I  1  of  I^  f -I'r   ''''    ''^'K'-'ont   (.0  . 

'""«  now  ,,.,,e,  the  li„„  of  ,„';,,!;"   ''  '°"'"  •"  23''  St).     The 
h'm  to  the  antral  Pa*  by  tW   T      f '     '''"*  """'  f"™  Ma.  » 
l>"llMi.<T  a,„l  bea„ty,  e,pecial7v"       t  ~  '"'"""^  "  >«='="o  "f  ""ova,,,,!,!, 

b:'f  'at,  t„  the  a'/te.r:"^  ^t'orr'  *'"""■''  ■"■'"  -™^« 

,*:*'■»"  ""^^Sa-t  edihee  lined  w1°p       ''™""= ""  ^^Ih  St.  i,  TrlJ,, 

;-   w,ml„w,,a„dfa„,„„,Ci."d„^:"  »"'"<'•  "--"«!.  with  ,   hy 
I  ;;"',•  "'f  I' !'»»  the  most  eC,a'Z.     :''''■    *  *M«'»  «,„! 

h" »» "  t'.e  ,tt,e  chu,.eri::dr'r;.."if  r  -<■  ^-"-''^ 

L     .  '■      Ai  tJie  coruer  of  ^nu 

prb  marble  palacp  of  *i,    ,  «' 01  «i4th 

n«  (;h„,.eh  0,  the  Me.,:,,  /f,:     ''J'p  "'"-^t'eO  parks,  'r^e 


I '    I 


>ii  i 


'^-%^    ii}' 


}*■ 


fmmwmm 


I  > 


\M 


33G     R^^te.  61. 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


33G      «-^''^-  ,  4  acre,  and  a  capacUv  of 

pretty   pavk  on   the    V  •.   ^       ^       ^j,,,,  ,.^,.ar..    "    \^  \.,.^,i  ,,iUvuv. 

i,  the  Grand  C«^™  "J^  oV  brick  and  hIo.u,  co^^  ^     ^    „,,, 

ft.  ion,,  bua    u    I-     ^^^  ^^^  ^,,  ,,,.  ,,a  4.    h  .  H        ^^^^  ^.^^^^^^  ^^^^ 
oppus.te.    On  7"  ;^fti^,  27  synagogues  of  the  uty,  a  ^^j^. 

Mmnuel,  the  chn;   of  t  e  .     y  ,^,^^^  ^^^.^^^^  ^  '"  '^perb  St.  Bar 

Triuily.  the   i'«»  ^^'"'tavtl     cU-pot.     Tlu'.  ^Vi-^^o^  4\f^    l^,,,  ,. 

,  ,'o  Duivch  are  neai  vn^  ,.  .  /.i.mivVi  is  at  4;>tu  ni*  > 

tholon.eNV  s  Uuu ^'\  the  4lb  ^^^^^i^'^''"'^^^'^  ^^^     Iq  ^  St  are  tbe  bmUliup 

entrance  is  >vorthy  ot  ^^^^^^^^  of  St.   i^  ^.^^j^  J 

Orphan  Asylu-     ^^^^^^  .^  j,,.  Hull's  new  church, 

above  (on  the  !•),  ""^ar 

the  Scholar.' Gate  to  the  , 

Central  rariS-       .,,^olate  region  of  H 
TZX  «M<'1'  'ffi  ^1  ",mB  nmU  ><■  ""fr  Sra'sW  acres,  of  wh"'';,, 

thronged.     ^"",,^  ti„ttery  and  tity-uau  i:       »  »**?''    ri.inrus  andi 

-?r«r;iiC^^^^^^  1 

Elcv..ted  R'^i^!''iyi;rbTR«ben.,  Hal«,  Jan  T)> 


■MM 


"■ 


NEW   YORK   CITY.        Route  61, 


Si, 


a  capacity  o! 
J  to  t^^*'  V^'^'^'"' 
oir  S'\""^''  "  ' 

I  ucveH,  a.;  .- 


•uu 
lie  .1^^ 


>evi)  ^^-     ., 

is  ui  ;v>li 


sUV 
Hotel 


uul  i" 


A754. 


M  \li 


au 


d  w 


novr 


1  belt 


on  5tU  Ave.,  «^"; 

oluinni*  are  o 

adra\ 
Thowaa  (E.\v 


At  5yi^'  *1 


ba  desolate  re^S^jS 


IN. 


Natural  niatory  (nmr  81nt-St.  oUflon,  6th-ATo.  Elcvnttxl  Itiltwity)  \n  open  (Vre 
\Ve<l,  Thurs  ,  liVi  ,  and  Sut  It  contaliirt  iminniw!  colltrtlonH,  iiicliKliiiK  tlie  Nrr- 
reaiix,  Klllot  (liinlM  of  Auu-rini),  l*rliic«>  Miixiiiiili.ni,  Mall  (N.  Y.  ptilony).  Ilniifiit 
(!t((me  iige  of  Donniark),  Jay  (HhellH),  8quiur  (MidxiMipiil  VMlley),aDil  otlicr  ruru 

grou|iti. 

Near  the  Scholars'  Oatn  (5th  Ave.)  is  tlip  old  State  Arsctinl,  a  massive 
castillatcd  building.  Near  the  \n\A  of  IImul)oldt  is  tlii'  rmul  (\\  arri';*), 
an  irrcj;ular  sheet  of  water.  WiiuUng  paths  and  drives  conduct,  by 
(.Tarcful  curves  and  passinj^  picturesque  knolls  and  groves,  bridges 
iinl  arbors,  to  The  Mall,  tlie  ciiief  promenade  an<l  ornament  of  the 
lark.  At  the  entrance  of  this  noble  esphmude  are  line  bronze  statues 
if  William  Shakespeare  and  Sir  Walter  Scott,  and  other  groups  and 
statues  are  seen  at  vari  s  points.  The  Mall  is  1212  ft.  long  and  208 
1  wiilf,  and  is  borden  ly  double  lines  of  tall  trees.  At  tlie  Music 
'avillnn,  near  the  uppn  en<l,  fine  band-concerts  are  given  on  ideasunt 
iVeilncsday  and  Saturday  afternoons,  ami  at  such  times  the  vicinity  is 
eil  with  a  gay  and  varied  crowd.  Tb'-  Mull  is  terminated  by  Th« 
Terrace,  a  sumptuous  pile  of  architc  ure,  with  frescoeil  arcades  and 
riiiloi's,  broail  promenades,  costly  and  elaborate  balustrades,  and  high 
stais  which  are  to  be  graced  with  symbolic  statuary.  Broad  stone 
airways  lead  down  to  the  esplanade  by  the  lake-side,  on  which  is  erected 
e most  elegant  fountain  on  the  continent,  with  bronzes  and  rare  marbles 
resenting  the  Angel  of  Uethesda.  A  large  tlotilla  of  pleasure-boats 
kefit  on  the  Central  Lake  (20  acres^,  and  pleasant  excursions  may 
made  with  little  expense  (tarilTs  regtdated  by  the  commissioners).  On 
W,  of  the  Mall  is  the  Green,  a  broad  lawn  covering  15  acres,  and 
|tiiieil  for  a  parr.de-ground.  Neor  the  head  of  the  Mr.ll  (on  the  r. )  is  the 
'('S  a  neat  re'ectory  on  a  high  knoll.  Crossing  Central  Lake  by  the 
fill  Bow  Biidge,  The  Ramble  is  entered,  —  36  acres  of  copse  and 
kit  and  craggy  hill,  bounded  by  the  lake  and  threaded  by  a  labyrinth 
luantic  foot-paths.  The  Vine-covered  and  Evergreen  Walks,  the 
e  kxc\\,  the  Grotto,  and  other  pretty  oL«jects  are  found  iu  the  Ramble. 
I'ista  Hill  (to  the  N. )  is  the  C'roton  Reservoir,  which  covers  31  acres, 
3  ft.  above  tide-water,  and  contains  150,000,000  gallons  of  water. 
are  broad  and  far-viewing  promenjides  on  its  walls  of  massive 
iiy.  Just  to  the  N.  is  the  Xeio  Reservoir,  covering  106  acres  and 
|ga  capacity  of  1,000,000,000  gallons.     The  graceful  curves  of  its 


icres  i^>'^' 


jS  acres,  i"^'' "jj^  '^'''•*!;i^ 

IJs^  and_2^^^^^y,\iuM';^^line  are  bounded   by  lofty  stone  walls  of  immense  thickness,  and 

Just  S.  W.  of  the 

on  high  ground 

pking  the  park.     Above  the  New  Reservoir  is  the  Upper  Park,  1(!S3 


Park  carvias;^'^',  ^  suiiil|Be'ital  gate-houses  stand  at  its  N.  and  S.  ends,     Jii 
k  ttie  Ir'^^^uJing  "^V'^f^A"''^'"  (smaller)  reservoir  is  the  Belvidere,  situated 


vonda  aui-s  ^^-^^-.s, 
»:S\^-B"of  elevated 


and  with  less  artificial  embellishment  then  the  Lower  Park,  but 

84th-9t.  J^^Y^a,  aniBore  .narked  natural  beauties.     Passing  the  East  and  West  Meadows 

ie^l°jf/'Ye\azfioez,ct'='Ml(lings  of  Mount  St.  VincerJ  aie  seen  on  the  E.,  where  a  pleasant 


'I  ■  i' 


■1 


I  li' 


•fjTTT 'lllii 


!1 


338      Route  51. 


NEW  YORK   CITY. 


If 


"'\ 


M'  i 


t; 

i'  ;■ 


:"i 


refectory  has  been  installed  in  the  place  formerly  occupied  by  a  Catholic 
Senjinary.  To  the  E.  is  the  Arboretum,  while  close  by,  on  the  N.,  is 
Harhm  Luke  (covering  16  acres),  with  its  bold  S.  shore  lined  with  the 
remain?  of  ancient  fortifications. 

The  *Lienv»x  Liibrary  (reached  by  67th-St  station  of  3d-Ave.  Elevated  Railway) 
is  a niiiguiflcent  limestone  building  fronting  on  Central  Park,  at  70th  St.,  and  con- 
taining a  library  of  30,000  volumes,  including  many  incunabula,  and  very  rare 
works  of  immense  value,  Shakespeariana,  Americana,  etc.  The  picture-ijallery 
contains  150  pfiiniings,  some  of  which  are  by  Copley,  Stuart,  Reynolds,  Turner, 
GainsbcMUgh,  Delaroche,  Munkaosy,  Vemet,  Wilkie,  etc.  Admission  by  can] 
(Tues.,  Jhurs. ,  and  Sat.,  from  11  to  4),  obtained  by  written  application  to  the 
Superintendent,  1001  Fifth  Ave. 

Close  by  is  the  Lenox  Hospital  (Presbyterian),  a  quaint  and  oriia'e 
brick  and  stone  structure,  with  tall  and  slender  spires.  V  few  rods 
distant  (on  the  old  Hamilton  Square;  and  built  at  a  cost  of  $ 300,000)  h 
the  spacious  and  imposing  building  of  the  Normal  College,  in  the  secular 
Gothic  style,  with  a  lofty  and  massive  Victoria  tower.  The  Foundiicg 
Hospital  is  still  farther  E.,  and  in  plain  sight  is  the  Mount  Simi 
Jloiijntal,  a  cluster  of  stately  buildings  in  Elizabethan  architecture,  erected 
at  a  cost  of  ^340,000.  The  great  Union  Theological  Seminary  (I'rok. 
terian)  is  at  4tb  Ave.  and  G9th  St. ;  and  the  splendid  armory  of  the  Seventli 
Regiment  (open  to  visitors)  is  at  4th  Ave.  and  6Gth  St. 

From  the  point  where  Broadway  reaches  the  park  (corner  of  8th  Ave,| 
and  59th  St. )  a  grand  avenue  called  the  Boulevard,  with  a  parked  cent; 
and  graceful  curves,  runs  N.  to  Manhattanville  and  Kings  Br-Mge.    Tl;i 
road  passes  (at  73d  St.)  the  extensive  stone  building  (Gothic)  o;  tlie  S. )] 
Orplian  Asylum,-  which  looks  down  on  the  Hudson.     The  Leake  ai 
Watts  Orphan  Honse  fronts  on  llOtli  St.,  and  can  accommodate 
children.     Close  by  (on  the  E.  )is  the   Morningside  Park.     At  llfitli  SI 
is  the  Bloomingdale  Asi/luni  for  the  Insane,  with  spacious  buiklii)g* 
pleasant  grounds.      The  Boulevard  now  leads  by  market-gardens  a: 
rural  villas,  to  the  village  of  Manhattanville  (130th  St. ),  with  the  imp 
ing  buildings  of  the  Convent  of   the  Sacred  Heart  and   of  MaiiliattJ 
College  on  the  hill  beyond. 


wliiJ 
I  iiiie 


"'"■'■"?  tile 


Environs  of  New  York. 

The  High  Bridge  is  a  structure  worthy  of  the  Roman  Enipi.e.  I' 
1,450  ft.  long,  114  ft.  high,  is  supported  on  14  piers,  and  is  used  to  ca] 
the  Ci'oton  Aqueduct  across  Harlem  River.  It  is  built  of  granites 
cost  $900,000.  Near  this  point  (11  M.  from  the  City  Hall)  are  | 
buildings  of  the  Juvenile  Asylum,  while  the  elegant  structure  of  Uie 
tution  fgr  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  is  to  the  S.  W.  (near  165th  St.) 


erj 

'""•cl,  of  tJ,e 
'^'''ictof  its 

^'"spect  Pai 

'^'"^'^'^'•ivalj 
P'""'^'"^'t"ment 
'f'^<^eatthe 


across  Manhattan  Island  (which  is  narrow  at  this  point)  is  Fnvt  II''wW'Wearg  broad 


IU{OOKLYN. 


Route  51.       339 


L  by  a  CathoVic 

on  the  N.,  « 

lined  wUU  the 

Elevated  BaUw«yl 
70tbSt.,an«icon. 

^la,  and  very  «« 

rue  picture-caUen 

Reynolds,  Tumr, 

Admission  by  cari 


to  the 


c^uaint  and  om'e 

:^;To{  s  300,000)'- 

lege,  in  the  secular 

TUe  Fouivto? 

r^^e  Mount  Si..i| 
architecture,  eveo^il 

^  Semmary  (Vre^^'y- 
rmoryoftUeSeveuA] 

it. 


(corner 


of  8tli  Av«.l 


;itUapaTlcedce 
Kings  Br^dge.  ^^ 
(Gothic)  0-;  the  ^ 
Lson.     The  Leal..; 
accotninodatc  A 


lean 


Boman  EmP^'^,   ^^ 
BTS,  and  is  us^-^  ^'^ 
lis  bnilt  of  P' ; 

the  City  H.d ) 

U  structure  ol  U 
point)  is  ^"'" 


<on,  looking  down  on  the  Hudson  in  a  succession  of  fine  views.  The 
\{\^\\  Bridge  may  be  reached  bj'  the  elevated  railways  which  traverse  2d 
ami  3(1  Aves.,  but  the  steamers  which  leave  Peck  Slip  (12-15  times 
daily)  for  Harlem  afford  a  more  pleasant  route.  These  boats  ])ass  up  the 
East  River,  by  the  immense  munici'^i.l  charitable  and  correctional  build- 
ings on  BlackwelVs  Islayul.  The  entire  E.  water-front  of  the  city  is  passed, 
Astoria  is  visited,  and,  leaving  the  tumultuous  IIcll  Gate  passage  on  the  r., 
the  Itoat  enters  a  narrower  cliannel  with  WarWs  Island  on  the  r.  On  this 
island  are  seen  the  imposing  and  extensive  buildings  of  the  Inebriate 
Asylum,  together  with  the  Lunatic  Asylum  and  the  Emigrant  Hospitals. 
/f'(n'/rt/Z's /sto?ic?  comes  ne.xt  (on  the  r.),  with  the  House  of  Refuge  and 
other  civic  charities.  The  steamer  stops  at  Harlem  Bridge,  whence  the 
High  Bridge  may  be  reached  by  smaller  boats  or  by  road. 

Brooklyn,  the  third  city  of  the  Union  (560,603  inhabitants),  is  joined 
to  New  York  by  several  ferries  across  East  River,  and  the  world-renowned 
East-River  Bridge,  over  1  M.  long  and  i;J5  ft.  high,  built  1870-83,  at  a 
cdi-t  (if  S  15,000,000.  Noble  views  are  afforded  from  its  centre.  It  is  crossed 
by  cars.  The  City  Hall  is  1  AI.  from  the  Fulton  Ferry  (corner  of  Court  and 
Fulton  Sts.),  and  is  an  elegant  classic  building  of  white  marble,  near  which 
is  t'.e  Kings-County  Court  House,  built  of  marble  in  Corinthian  architecture, 
atacostof  $540,000.  There  are  many  other  line  public  buildings  in  the  city, 
while  tlie  private  mansions  (on  Clinton  Avenue,  Brooklyn  Heights,  &c. )  are 
worthy  of  notice.  The  U.  S.  Navy  Yard  is  of  the  first  class,  and  covers 
40  acres,  with  large  depots  oi  materiel  of  war,  ship-houses,  barracks,  &c., 
while  the  Dry  Dock  (which  cost  $1,000,000)  is  oin  of  the  best.  Some 
line  vessels  may  be  seen  here,  including  the  old  line-of-battle  ship  Ver- 
yiMut.  The  Marine  Ilosjntal  (500  patients)  is  a  large,  granite  building 
on  the  Wallabout  Bay,  where  the  British  prison-ships  were  anchored 
Jiiriiig  tlie  Revolution,  anil  where  11,500  patriot  prisoners  died.  The 
Mtiilic  Dock  fronts  toward  Governor's  Island,  and  its  long  granite  piers 
|aiid  immense  warehouses  merit  a  visit.  The  principal  churches  of  the 
ity  are  the  Catholic  Cathedral,  a  superb  structure  (now  building)  on  the 
omerof  Lafayette  and  Vanderbilt  Aves.;  the  Plymouth  Church  (Henry 
i\:ird  Boecher)  on  Orange,  near  Hicks  St.;  the  Church  of  the  Pilgrims 
Ri^v.  R.  S.  Storrs,  Jr. ),  corner  of  Henry  and  Remsen  Sts. ;  and  the 
Imrch  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  corner  of  Clinton  and  Montague  Sts.  From 
^t^liefact  of  its  having  2-33  cliurches,  Brooklyn  has  won  and  wears  the 
me  of  "  The  City  of  Churches. 

Prospect  Park  (reached  by  horse-cars  on  Fulton  St.  ami  Flatbush  Ave. ) 
a  noble  rival  of  Central  Park,  covering  030  acres,  and  costing,  since  its 
nimencement  (in  1806),  ,$  9,000,000.  The  Plaza  is  a  large,  paved,  circu- 
^Tace  at  the  entrance,  with  a  statue  of  Lincoln,  fountains,  and  flowers. 
ere  are  broad  and  verdant  meadows,  large  and  umbrageous  groves, 


i. 


i  ■^■ 


lv< 


it. 


-':,     I   III 


^i 


340    Route  62.         NEW  YORK  TO   ALBANY. 

hills  commanding  superb  views  of  the  Bay  of  New  York,  Staten  Island, 
and  the  Highlands  of  the  Hudson  and  the  Neversink.  There  is  a  pictu- 
resque lake  of  61  acres,  and  the  romantic  variety  of  the  natural  scenery  of 
this  park,  together  with  its  height  and  its  fine  distant  views,  renders  it 
the  pride  of  Long  Island.  There  are  8  M.  of  drives,  4  M.  of  rides,  and  a 
great  number  of  rambles. 

Greenwood  Cemetery  is  3  M.  from  Fulton  Ferry  (horse-cars  every  15 
minutes ;  strangers  not  admitted  on  Sunday),  and  is  the  most  beautiful 
cemetery  in  the  world.  It  contains  413  acres  of  land,  traversed  by  20  M. 
of  winding  paths  and  driveways,  and  embellished  with  forests  and  lakes. 
Ocean  Hill  commands  a  view  over  the  limitless  sea,  while  Battle  Hill 
overlooks  New  York  and  its  Bay,  Brooklyn,  Jersey  City,  and  the  Hud- 
son. Many  of  the  monuments  are  of  much  artistic  meiit,  and  the  reve- 
nues of  the  cemetery  are  devoted  to  its  adornment. 

To  the  E.  of  Brooklyn  are  the  large  cemeteries  of  "The  Evergreens" 
and  "  Cypress  Hills,"  beyond  which  are  the  quaint  and  pleasant  old  Long 
Island  towns  of  Flusliing  and  Jamaica.  Still  farther  E.  is  Jinsl'jn 
(steamer  from  Peck  Slip),  a  sweet  village  on  Hempstead  Bay,  near  which 
s  ^Jedarmere,  the  home  of  Bryant.  Long  Branch  is  34  M.  from  New 
Ifork  (by  steamer  from  Pier  8,  N.  R.,  to  Sandy  Hook,  and  thence  by 
rail),  and  is  the  favorite  seaside  resort  of  the  "  upper  ten."  It  has  a 
cluster  of  the  most  elegant  and  expensive  sunimer-hotels  on  the  coast,  and 
has  fine  bathing  and  driving  facilities.  Coney  Island  is  a  favorite  resort 
for  the  great  mass  of  the  citizens,  and  is  quickly  reached  by  boat  from 
Pier  1,  N.  R.,  or  by  cars  from  Brooklyn.  Excuisions  to  the  beautiful 
hills  and  vast  fortifications  on  Staten  Island  ;  to  the  cities  of  Jei-sey  City, 
Elizabeth,  and  Newark  ;  and  through  Hell  Gate  to  the  island  towns,  will 
be  found  both  pleasant  and  profitable. 


62.  New  York  to  Albany.— The  Hudson  River. 

The  palatial  steamers  of  the  day  line  to  Albany  leave  Pier  39,  N.  R.  (f'^t  of 
Vestry  St.)  at  8.  80  A.  m.  Tlje  night  boats  leave  Pier  41  (foot  of  Canal  ^X.)  nt  6 
p.  M.  The  Hudson  River  Railroad  runs  from  the  Grand  Central  Depot  (triiinsto 
Albany,  144  M.,  in  5-5i  hrs.);  the  Harlem  Railroad  station  is  on  4:1(1  St. 
(Grand  Central  Depot;  distance  to  Albany,  151  M.).  The  day  steamers  will 
be  preferred  by  the  tourist,  on  account  of  the  panoramic  views  of  the  river- 
scenery  thereby  obtained,  together  with  the  inununity  from  the  dust  and  heat  of 
thecai-s.    The  fiure  is  $2  (up  and  back,  $3). 

The  Hudson  River  was  named  in  honor  of  the  Dutch  marinerwlio  first  oxiilned 
it,  —  ascending  in  the  vacht  "  Half-Moon  "  as  far  as  the  Mohawk  Ri\  or.  H  '"'* 
its  rise  in  the  Adirondack  Mts.,  4.000  ft.  above  the  sea,  and  after  the  i<iM(liii'i:ie 
of  several  branches  at  Fort  Edwanl,  takes  a  southerly  course  to  the  15:iy  nt  N''^' 
York.  Large  steaniei-s  ascend  to  Troy,  150  M.,  and  ships  can  go  as  far  as  lliiils"". 
117  M.  Vast  quantities  of  lumber  are  floated  down  the  stream,  while  sipi.K  nms 
of  canal-boats  are  frequently  passed,  bearing  coal  from  Pennsylvania  (bylln" '^^'^J 
ware  and  Hudson  Ca.iai  to  Roudoitt)  and  grain  from  the  West  (by  tha  ilne  Canai 
to  Albany). 


3taten  Island, 
jre  is  a  \mivi- 
;ral  scenery  of 
iews,  renders  it 
of  rides,  and  a 

j-cars  every  15 
most  beautiful 
ersed  by  20  II. 
Bsts  and  lakes. 
lie  Battle  Hill 
and  the  Hud- 
,,  and  the  reve- 

he  Ever^eens" 
easant  old  Long 
r  E.  is  Roshjn 
Bay,  near  which 
$4  M.  from  New 
,  and  thence  hv 
ten."    It  has  a 
on  the  coast,  and 
la  favorite  resort 
ed  by  boat  from 
to  the  beautiful 
3  of  Jei-sey  City, 
land  towns,  will 


River. 

,  39.  N.  R.  (f""V'p 
lof  Canal  St.)  at  6 
ll  Depot  (traitis  to 
^  is  oil  4'Jd  h- 
steatiiers  ^^i" 
lews  of  tl.e  river; 


hay  stfauiers 
ws  of  tlie 
aust  and  heut  oi 


who  first  oxyloj-ed 

Ivk  River.    I'  "-^^ 
ev  {lie  conllunu. 

tlic  Biiv  "'  ^ 
nS^ra^Hua.-. 


wliil*'  »l" 


;„lron8 
Dela- 


L,v  tha  Kvie  Canal 


by  tb.'d  ^1' 


341 

ibrded 
y  and 
■n  the 
va.stle 
wkcn, 
ander 
^tary 
lades 
high, 
lofty, 
1  M. 
Ferry 
%  vil- 
Con- 
large 
Q  for 
Vash- 
dieri- 
year, 
!  gar- 
large 
,  the 
laiiis 
vrith 
ere  3 
Jiort 

•onlj 
il)et- 

aiid- 

in  to 
hern 
lutly 

H  to 

the 
lear 
;red 
Hill 

the 

M. 
the 
ade 
vho 


ivi 


m 

*   ' 


I 


I  r 


■ ;  1' 


i  I 


li 


It: 

r 


i 


1  #'■ 

■^  \k: 

■/  - 

l&MKth 


f  ■^■ 


i4 


340    It 

hills  com 
and  the  ] 
resque  la 
this  park 
the  pride 
great  nui 

Green 
minutes : 
ceineterj 
of  windii 
Ocean  H 
overlook 
£on.  M> 
nues  of  t 

To  th< 
and  "  C; 
Island  1 
(steaniei 
15  Cedar 
York  (h 
rail),  all 
cluster  ( 
has  fine 
for  the  I 
Pier  1,  ; 
hills  anc 
Elizabel 
be  foun< 

I 

The  ]» 
Vestry  S 
p.  M.     T. 
Albany, 
(Grand 
be  jiiefe 
scenei'j 
the  care 

TheK 
it,  —  as( 
rtfi  rise  i 
vi  sever 
York. 
117  M. 
of  canal 
ware  an 
to  Alba 


AstJ 

of  the  ] 

Hoboke 

New  Y( 

Hill,  cro 

where  A; 

'^aniiltoj 

if  the  V. 

^'-'gin  to  a 

W'hieij  run 

•■fi'nmnar ; 

ihkk,  and 

m  is  a  s 

'a?eof]>fev 

^''"t  of  the 

Vile  of  fine] 

^^ow,  on  a 
'^'"'  '"ortified 
«itiiit,sgarri 
"•^■01,  retreat 
I  "'■'■si'1'1  foret 
Palisades  Moi 
"^1  j.owerfuj 
"•'"■''•''  the  riv 
J  ^'^'•fs,  about  w 
r''^'«nee  above 

J    ''"'lis  Sfrpam  ic 
|>'-''""lsank 

np''ityNe^v 
^aciceiisaok     j 

P-  ^hecas 
ponofEdvvj 
r'''oo<l  after  1 
h  A'e,^  York 

pan  River  ' 


THE  HUDSON  RIVER. 


Route  52.     34 1 


As  the  great  steamer  passes  out  into  the  stream,  a  fine  view  is  aflforded 
of  the  harbor  in  the  distance,  the  populous  shores  of  Jersey  City  and 
lioboken  on  the  W.,  and  the  dense  lines  of  piers  and  warehouses  on  the 
New  York  shore.  Above  Hoboken  are  tlie  Elysian  Fields  and  Castle 
Hill,  crowned  by  the  Stevens  mansion  ;  and  still  beyond  is  Wcehawken, 
where  Aaron  Burr,  the  political  a«lventurer,  shot  (in  a  duel)  Alexander 
llaniilton,  a  distinguished  statesman  and  jurist,  and  for  G  years  Secretary 
)f  the  U.  S.  Treasury  (1804).  At  and  above  Weehawken  The  Palisades 
begin  to  assume  a  bold  aspect.  This  is  a  vast  trap-dyke,  3-500  ft.  high, 
which  runs  along  the  f.  bank  from  Hoboken  to  Haverstraw,  with  a  lofty, 
columnar  front,  and  masses  of  fragments  at  its  base.  It  is  less  than  1  M. 
thick,  and  hides  the  Hackensack  Valley  from  the  Hudson.  BulVs  Ferry 
(W.)  is  a  summer-resort  opposite  90th  St.  Manhattanville  (E.)  is  a  vil- 
lage of  New  York  City,  near  which  are  the  Lunatic  Asylum  and  the  Con- 
vent of  the  Sacred  Heart,  just  above  which  is  Carmansoille,  and  a  large 
]iile  of  fine  buildings  surmounted  by  a  dome  (the  N.  Y.  Institution  for 
the  Deaf  and  Dumb).  On  the  same  shore,  and  farther  N.,  is  Fort  Wash- 
wjton,  on  a  bold  cliiT  near  185th  St.  Tliis  was  the  citadel  of  the  Ameri- 
can fortified  lines  in  1776,  but  was  captured  in  November  of  that  year, 
with  its  garrison  of  2,600  men.  On  the  W.  shore  is  Fort  Lee,  whose  gar- 
rison, retreating  after  that  event,  was  attacked  and  cut  to  pieces  by  a  large 
Hessian  force.  Over  this  point,  where  the  clifl"s  loom  up  grandly,  the 
Palisades  Mountain  House  is  seen.  On  JeftVey's  Hook  (E.)  are  the  remains 
of  a  powerful  redoubt  which  was  built  to  defend  the  obstructions  with 
wliich  the  river  was  filled,  and  near  King's  Bridge  (by  217th  St. )  were  3 
,  forts,  about  which  there  was  desperate  fighting  early  in  1777.  A  short 
I  distance  above  (E.),  the  mouth  of  Spuyten  Duyvil  Creek  is  passed. 

Tliis  stream  is  named  after  a  legendary  Dutch  trumpeter  who  swore  he  would 
[swim  the  (■reek  on  his  mission  to  the  mainhuid,  "  in  spite  of  tlie  devil  "  (en  spuyt 
vkn  dnyvU).  He  striigj^'ed  violently  when  at  niid-stre.im,  gave  one  long  trunipet- 
jWast,  ami  sank.  At  the  mouth  of  this  creek  the  Indians  attempted  to  board  Hud- 
Isiin's  vessel  (in  1C0;>),  but  after  a  severe  conflict  they  were  repulsed  and  driven  to 
Ithe  shore.  Throughout  the  Revolutionary  War,  Spuyten  Duyvil  was  the  southern 
Iwnler  of  the  "  iieutral  ground,"  — a  belt  of  about  30  M.,  v  '  ".  was  incessantly 
^wei)t  by  raids  and  guerilla  bauds. 

From  the  high  promontory  of  the  Palisades  on  the  W.  a  road  leads  to 

|[t>e  pretty  New  Jersey  village  of  Knyleivood,  in  the  fertile  valley  of  the 

iackeiisack.     Above  Spuyten  Duyvil  is  the  village  of  Riverdale,  near 

i^h  (E.)  is  Mount  St.  Vincent,  a  convent  of  the  Sisters  of  the  Sacred 

P'^art.    The  castellated  and  towered  stone  building  was  the  Font  Hill 

Jinsion  of  Edwin  Forrest,  and  the  large  brick  building  was  erected  by  the 

Wei'hood  after  their  acquisition  of  the  estate.     Yonkers  (E.)  is  17  M. 

■om  New  York,  and  is  a  large  and  nourishing  town  at  the  mouth  of  the 

rperan  River,  where  many  New  York  r     chants  live.     Hudson  made 

Y  second  anchorage  here  (1609),  and  ti      d  with  many  Indians  who 


™ 


m 


■'  -Li 

1  ■.•It 


\i 


342   JtoiUe  r)2. 


TARRYTOWN. 


>      i 


came  aboard  liis  vessel.  A  naval  battle  was  fought  off  Yonkors  in 
1777  between  the  Britisli  frigates  "  Rose  "  and  "  PJKPnix  "  and  a  llotilla  of 
American  gunboats.  Tliis  district  oonslitnted  the  ancient  Phili|i.se  estate, 
the  manor-liou.se  of  whicli  is  still  standing,  and  with  its  broad  halls,  lolty 
rooms,  wainscoting,  and  Dutch  tiles,  has  a  truly  anti(iiie  air.  Part  of 
the  manor  was  built  in  1082,  and  the  remainder  dates  from  174;',  all  tlie 
walls  being  of  stone.  Mary  Philipse,  the  beautiful  heiress  of  this  estate, 
was  the  first  love  of  George  Washington,  and,  although  he  could  not  win 
her,  he  always  remembered  her  fondly. 

A  little  aV)ove  Yonkers  (on  the  W.)  is  the  highest  point  of  the  Palisailcs. 
and  soon  Ilastinds  is  seen  on  the  E.,  a  prosperous  village  whence  niuch 
Westchester  marble  is  shii)ped.  Here  Lord  Cornwallis's  Britisli  ainiy 
crossed  the  Hudson,  just  before  Washington's  retreat  through  the  Jiimvs. 
1  M.  above  (E. )  is  Dnbbs'  Ferry,  ai  ancient  village  at  the  mouth  of  Wis- 
quaqua  Creek,  with  ruins  of  old  fortifications  and  a  (juaiut  old  cliiiicli. 
It  was  named  for  one  Dobh)s,  a  Swede,  who  kept  a  ferry  here,  and  snine 
years  since  a  sharp  controversy  was  raised  by  a  well-supported  but  unsuc- 
cessful attempt  to  change  the  name  to  Paulding.  Opposite  this  place  is 
Piermnnt,  where  a  pier  1  M.  long  (near  the  line  between  New  York  ainl 
New  Jersey)  i)rojects  from  the  W.  shore  to  the  deep-water  channel.  A 
branch  of  the  Erie  Railway  runs  thence  to  Suffern,  18  M.  W.  2  M.  from 
Piermont  is  the  old  village  of  Tappan,  Avhere  Major  Andre  was  tricil  aiil 
executed  (1780),  and  the  stone  house  which  was  Washington's  hcvl-iinai- 
ters  and  Andre's  prison  is  still  standing.  At  Dobbs'  Ferry  begins  a  lake- 
like  widening  of  the  river  called  Tappan  Zee  (10  M.  long,  and  2-5  M. 
wide).  Near  Irvinr/ton,  above  the  Ferry,  are  several  fine  mansions,  among 
which  is  "Sunnyside,"  the  ancient  and  unique  home  of  Washington  Irv- 
ing. It  was  built  in  the  17th  century  by  Wolfert  Acker,  who  inscrilnd 
over  the  door  "  Lust  in  Rust"  (pleasure  in  quiet),  whence  the  English 
settlers  called  it  "  Wolfert's  Roost."  The  eastern  front  is  covered  wi'> 
ivy,  from  a  slip  which  Sir  Walter  Scott  gave  Irving  at  Abbotsford.  Above 
"  Sunnyside  "  is  the  Pauldii>g  Manor,  a  costly  building  of  marble,  in 
Elizabethan  architecture,  and  still  farther  N.  is  Tarrytown,  an  ancient 
village  beautifully  situated  on  a  far-viewing  liillside.  Near  this  vill;i.;e 
(the  Terwe  Dorp  of  the  17th  century)  is  a  quiet  valley  known  of  old  as 
Slaqjen[/hJIavcn("^\eeY)y  Hollow"),  which  has  been  uumortalizt'd  by 
Irving.  Carl's  Mill,  the  Philipse  Castle,  and  the  bridge  over  the  Pocaii- 
tico,  are  still  standing,  and  so  is  the  old  Dutch  Church,  built  in  the  ITtli 
century  with  bricks  brought  from  Holland. 

A  monument  marks  the  place  where  Andre  was  captured.  Benedict  Arnold,  a 
brave  American  general,  had  been  court-martialed  and  repriniaiideil  for  certMiu 
derelictions  in  his  command  of  Philadelphia,  and  his  proud  spirit  felt  the  sting"! 
disgrace  so  keenly  that  he  resolved  to  be  revenged  on  his  country.  He  "l*"*''^'  'J 
secret  correspondence  with  the  British,  and  oflered  to  surrender  West  I  onit  (i' 


\\} 


THE  HIGHLANDS. 


Jioitte  62.     343 


which  he  had  boen  transferred).  Major  Andr^,  Adjutaut-GnntTal  of  the  nritish 
ariiiy,  went  up  tlie  Tiipi)aii  Zee  on  the  sloop-of-war  "  \  iiltnn;,"  uiid  landed  by 
iiiLiht  at  Stony  Point,  where  he  arran;4('il  with  ArnoM  for  tiic  surrender.  Hut  tho 
"Vulture"  was  forced  to  retire,  and  Amlre,  atteniptinj<  to  piss  by  land  to  New 
Yiiik,  was  halted  in  the  neutral  Kroiinil  by  a  S(iiia<i  of  irre.:^ular  uiilitia.  lie  was 
seii'cliefl,  and  tlie  jiapers  and  jjlans  of  the  suneufler  wen^  foiuid.  Arnold  escajied 
iiitlie  "  Vulture,"  and  became  a  Hri^'adier-(ieneral  in  tliir  IJritisli  army,  receiving 
als  I  .^riiO.OOO,  but  Amlre.  bcin;;  proven  a  s)>y,  was  executed  amid  tho  sorrow  oi 
both  armies.    He  has  a  monument  in  Westminster  Al)bey. 

Xijack  is  opposite  Tarrytown,  ■while  to  the  N.  is  Sing  Sing,  on  a 
pleasant  hillside,  and  near  the  end  of  the  Croton  Aqueduct,  which  has  a 
fine  stone  arch  here.  Near  the  river  are  the  extensive  marble  huildings 
of  the  State  Prison,  which  were  erected  by  the  convicts,  and  stand  in 
grounds  covering  130  acres.  The  place  is  usually  overflowing  with 
prisoners,  who  are  guarded  by  sentinels  and  patrols.  Opposite  Sing  Sing 
(meaning  "  Stony  Place ")  is  Verdritege  Hook  or  Point-no-Point,  on 
whose  upper  slope  is  Rockland  Lake,  from  which  New  York  gets  200,000 
tons  of  ice  yearly.  Teller's  (or  Croton)  Point,  with  its  rich  vineyards,  ia 
now  approached,  and  the  mouth  of  Crnto7i  River  is  seen.  6  M.  up  this 
river  is  a  dam  240  ft.  long,  40  ft.  liigh,  and  70  ft.  tliick  at  the  bottom, 
which  forms  a  lake  of  400  acres  with  40  ft.  of  water  (500,000,000  gallons). 
From  this  point  a  closed  aqueduct  of  stone  and  brick  carries  the  water 
parallei  with  the  Hudson  for  nearly  40  M.  to  the  great  reservoirs  in  the 
Central  Park,  New  York.  The  aqueduct  discharges  60,000,000  gallons 
daily,  with  a  down  grade  of  13|  inches  to  a  mile,  and  the  whole  work  cost 
$14,000,000. 

Tlie  Highlands  loom  up  boldly  in  front  as  the  steamer  crosses  the 
beautiful  Haverstraw  Bay  to  the  village  of  Haverstraio  (W.),  with  the  old 
stone  mansion  on  Treason  Hill,  where  Arnold  and  Andre  met.  Above  is 
a  line  of  limestone  cliffs  which  have  produced  1,000,000  bushels  of  lime 
yearly.  3  M.  above  (W.)  is  the  bold  and  picturesque  promontory  of 
Hlunij  Point,  with  Verplauck's  Point  opposite. 

Both  these  places  were  fortified  early  in  the  Revolution,  and  were  captured  hy 
the  British  army  in  June,  17/9,  inflicting  a  severe  blow  on  the  Americans  from 
tiie  loss  of  such  a  strategic  position.  Sl,ony  Point  was  fortified  by  earthworks  and 
aftd/is,  and  well  garrisoned,  yet  Gen.  Wayne  begged  permission  to  attack  it,  saying 
to  Washington,  "  General,  I  'II  storm  hell,  if  you  '11  only  plan  it."  With  two  small 
colmims  of  picked  men  (of  the  5th  Penn.  Infantry),  on  the  night  of  July  15th,  Mad 
Anthony  Wayne  carried  the  fort  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet,  under  a  heavy  fire  of 
musketry  and  grape-shot.  Wayne  was  shot  in  the  head,  but,  being  borne  into  the 
caiitured  works,  soon  recovered,  and  after  cannonading  Fort  Fayette,  on  Ver- 
plauck's Point,  he  dismantled  and  abandoned  the  fort.  The  lighthouse  stands 
on  the  site  of  the  old  magazine. 

3  M.  from  Stony  Point  (W.)  is  Caldwell's  Landing,  at  the  foot  of  the  ab- 
nipt  and  imposing  Dunderberg  (Thimder  Mt. ),  which  was  anciently  \  >• 
lieved  to  be  the  home  of  malicious  imps  who  hurled  fierce  tempests  out  on 
the  river.  Opposite  Dunderberg  is  Peekskill,  at  the  mouth  of  a  creek  which 
was  a.scended  long  ago  by  Jan  Peek,  a  Dutch  mariner,  who  was  so  pleased 


a'- 


IM 


I     !• 


'      i 


.  I, 


; 


.1^ 


844    Route  52. 


WE! 


cjT  point. 


with  Its  fertile  shores  that  he  named  it  Peek's  Kill,  and  settled  there.  F(irt 
Independence  crowned  the  hill  above  the  village  during  the  Revolution,  iuA 
here  Gen.  Putnam  had  his  headquarters,  and  "  triea  as  a  spy,  condciuiK d 
as  a  spy,  and  executed  as  a  spy,"  the  Englishman,  Edmund  Palmer  (1777). 
An  ancient  church  (built  in  1707)  and  the  venerable  Van  Cortliiiult 
mansion  are  worthy  of  a  visit. 

Pending  to  the  W.  at  Peokskill,  the  Hudson  enters  that  part  of  its 
course  called  the  Race,  and  passes  through  the  beautiful  Highlands,  wliirh 
were  compared  by  Chateaubriand  to  "  a  large  bouijuet  ti«!d  at  its  luise  with 
azure  ribbon."  From  Peekskill  to  Newburgh  the  steamer  passes  thron};li  a 
panorama  of  river-scenery  \mexcelled  in  the  world.  Dunderberg  on  llie 
1,  confronts  on  the  r.  Anthony's  Nose. 

This  bold  liill  (1,128  ft.  liij,'h)isiiainofl  nftfr  Anthony  Van  Corlciir,  Gov.  fStnyvps- 
ant's  truinpettT.  "Just  at  this  iiKiiiieiit  tlie  illustrious  sun,  lirt-akiiig  in  .lil  liis 
splendor  from  behind  one  of  the  high  rlifls  of  the  IIij;hlaiids,  <lid  dart  out;  of  his 
nio.st  potent  beams  full  ujion  the  elliilKent  nose  of  the  sounder  of  brass.  The 
reflection  of  which  shot  straightway  down,  liissiuK  hot,  into  the  water,  and  kilifij 
a  mighty  sturgeon  that  was  sjiorting  beside  the  vessel.  When  this  astonishiii;^ 
niirnde  eanie  to  be  made  known  to  IVtcr  Stuyvesant  (the  goveinoi),  he,  a.s  niiiy 
well  be  fltij)i)osed,  marvelled  exceedingly  ;  and  as  a  monument  thereof,  gavi'  tlie 
name  of  Anthony's  Nose  to  -i  stout  promontory  in  the  neighborhood." 

Above  Anthony's  No.se  is  the  romantic  Brocken  Kill,  while  opposite  is 
the  grape-abounding  lona  Island.  Nearly  opposite  is  the  old  Poplojun 
Kill,  with  some  remnants  of  Forts  Montgomery  (N.)  and  Clinton  (S.),  on 
the  promontories  at  its  mouth.  These  works,  together  with  a  massive 
chain  and  boom  across  the  river,  defended  by  a  fleet  of  gunboats,  wuie 
intended  to  close  the  Hudson  against  the  Briti-sh.  But  Sir  Henry  Clinton 
advanced  in  Oct.,  1777,  marching  over  the  Dunderberg,  and  after  a  sliarp 
skirmish  at  Lake  Sinnipink  (still  called  Bloody  Pond)  his  forces  iiiVLsted 
the  fort.'i.  After  a  long  struggle  in  the  fog,  during  which  the  British  tkct 
moved  up  the  river,  the  overpowered  garrisons  gave  way  and  fled  to  tlie 
hills,  having  lost  300  men.  The  American  gunboats  were  then  destroyed 
by  their  crews,  and  the  British  >>roke  away  the  chains  and  obstructions  in 
the  river  (which  had  cost  Congress  $250,000). 

Th3  Hudson  now  turns  to  ihe  N.,  and  Highland  Falls  are  soon  seen  on 
the  1.,  near  which  is  the  fashionable  and  favorite  Cozzens'  Ilotd.  1  M, 
above  is  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  at  West  Point.  This  place  was 
fortified  by  Parsons's  Conn,  brigade  in  1778,  and  was  then  called  "tlie 
(ribraltar  of  America."  Washington  recommended  the  location  of  a 
national  school  here,  and  in  1812  the  school  was  e.stablished,  since  which 
the  ofllcers  of  the  regular  army  have  been  educated  here.  There  are 
barracks  for  the  250  Cadets,  with  riding-school,  chapel,  hospital,  kc.  The 
academy  building  is  an  extensive  stone  structure,  in  Gothic  architecture, 
There  are  various  trophies  (of  artillery,  &c. )  about  the  grounds,  ainl  » 
library  of  20,000  volumes  in  the  main  building.     Kosciusko's  Garden  is » 


NEWUUUO. 


liouu  5i.    345 


[there.    Fi'rt 
vohition,  iiii'\ 


^,  COnflPllilual 

aimer  (1777). 
vn  Cortlaiiilt 

it  part  of  its 
;l\lan(ls,  wliuh 
,t  its  1 -use  with 
isscs  t1\ron;:h  a 
lerberg  on  tlie 

ir,  Gov.  Btnyvps- 
pakiiig  in  iil>  ''!' 
I  tlart  one  of  liw 
sv  of  brass.  Tne 
water,  ami  VWm 
this  aHtoiushiii;^ 

,u..v).  lie.  "«  '"i'S 
tlieiTof,  «avi'  the 

hood." 

/hile  opposite  is 

lie  old  Popl'^l'^n 

1  CUnt(yn  {^X  o" 

with  a  massive 

gunboats,  wove 

ir  Henry  Clintuu 

nd  alter  a  slwrp 

forces  invested 

the  British  tlfct 

and  fled  to  tlie 

„  then  destvoyc-l 

dobstnictiousi" 

,  are  soon  seen  «» 

:iis' Hotel,    l^i- 

This  pli^*'e  ^^'^^ 
then  called  "tlie 

he  location  of  a 

Ished,  since  ^vhiA 

Ihere.     There  are 

lo3pital,&e.   THe 

Ithic  architecture. 

1e  grounds,  awl » 

Isko's  Garden  is » 


beautiful  hanging  garden  approached  from  the  plain  by  Flirtation  Walk, 
and  containing  a  marble  monument  to  the  heroic  Puli.sh  chieftain,  who 
was  wont  to  read  and  meditate  here.  Near  the  head  of  Flirtutiou  Walk 
i.s  ft  monument  to  the  troops  who  \.  ere  massacred  in  the  Kverglades  of 
Florida,  in  1S35.  J'ort  I'uliunn  is  on  tlie  sunnnit  of  Mount  IndepcMwlence, 
and  coiumands  line  view.s  from  its  ancient  and  ruinous  bastions.  The 
Sif'ji'  Hattery  is  a  jiractical  worli  near  the  river.  Tlie  (Jadets  ai'e  cho.sen 
hy  t!ic!  national  Congres.smen  and,  after  remaiiung  here  four  years,  enter 
the  r.  S.  Army  as  second-lieutenants.  The  discipline  is  very  strict,  and 
duiini,'  July  and  August  of  each  year  the  corps  goes  into  caini». 

Opiiosite  West  Point  is  Sugar  Loaf  Mt.,  under  whose  sliadow  is  the 
Robinson  House,  Arnold's  liead-quarters,  and  the  Beverly  Dock,  wlience 
he  escaped  to  the  "  Vulture."  Pa.ssing  Constitution  Island,  on  the  E.  is 
teen  Void  Spring,  a  nretty  village  near  which  is  "  Underclitf,"  the  former 
Inline  of  the  poet  Morris.  Mt.  Taurus  looms  up  on  the  r.,  and  is  named 
from  a  certain  wild  bull  who  was  once  the  terror  of  the  countryside,  until 
he  was  liunted  out  and  broke  Ids  neck  on  the  next  iiill  ( N. ),  since  called 
Breakneck  Hill  (1,187  ft.  high).  On  the  W.  bank,  just  above  West  Point, 
is  C'/y'-.Vfs^  (1,418  ft.  high),  which  is  .separated  from  Boterberg  by  the 
Iiictnrcsque  Vale  of  Temjie,  where  some  part  of  the  scene  of  "  The  C'dprit 
Fay  "  it<  laid.  Boterberg  (otherwise  called  Butter  Hill  and  Storm  King) 
is  a  bold  and  imposing  mountain  1,529  ft.  high,  at  who.se  northern  slope 
is  the  in-etty  village  of  Cornwall.  "  Idlewild,"  the  home  of  N.  P.  Willis, 
is  near  Coruwall,  beyond  which  the  decadent  village  of  New  Windsor  is 
seen. 

Newburgh  {Orange  Hotel)  is  a  busy  cityof  over  17,000  inhabitants,  built 
ontiie  steep  .slope  of  a  high  liill,  and  showing  finely  from  the  river.  There 
are  many  pretty  villas  on  the  heights,  and  a  few  very  neat  churches,  while 
the  water-front  is  lined  with  warehouses.  The  city  has  some  manufac- 
tories, and  a  considerable  country  trtule,  while  immense  quantities  of  coal 
are  ])ronght  here  from  Pennsylvania  (by  a  branch  of  the  Erie  Railway 
running'  up  the  Quassaic  Valley  to  Greycourt,  19  M.  distant),  and  shipped 
to  all  jiarts  of  the  Hudson  Valley. 

S  of  Xi'wburgh  is  the  old  Hasbrouek  Mansion,  an  antique  stone  liouse  which 
*as\Viisliiiit;toi»'shead-(iiiarters  in  1783,  wliilu  the  Continental  army  was  eiieami»ed 
|'"ivto  wateii  the  British  at  New  York.     Certain  hi;,'li  otHcers  of  ilie  army,  doubt 
'ii^'llie  feasiljility  of  a  reimblic,  i:ir('ulateilaii  address  to  that  effect,  .uid  (indirectly) 

I  "ilcied  t(i  uialie  VVasluugton  Kinyof  America.  Tlie  noble  Viryinian  spurned  the 
pi'ilM'sal,  and  after  he  had  deli\ered  an  earnest  address  to  a  founcil  of  ofticers  they 
fwlveil  unanimously,  "  That  tiie  officers  of  the  American  army  view  witii  abhor- 
f'lue,  ami  reject  with  disdain,  tlie  infamous  proposition  eoutaiued  in  a  late  anony- 

I Sijus  address  to  the  otticers  of  the  army." 

A  steam-ferry  crosses  the  river  from  Newburgh  to  Fishkill-on-the-Hud- 
\^\  on  a  fertile  plaiu  N.  of  the  S.  Bercon  HiU  (from  which  noble  views 
jifc  iillurded).    The  manufacturing  village  of  Matteawan  is  about  1.^  RL 
15* 


i 


\     ■' 


\U 


it'  ' 


■  Si: 


\ 


f 

t 

i 


i\  I 


:) 


^ 


I.  ' 

I' 

i'  !■ 

1 1  .; 


340 


Hvule  5ii. 


POUUllKEEPSIE. 


distant,  and  t)ie  ancient  Dutch  town  of  Fisliklll  is  6  M.  to  tlie  E.  2  M, 
N.  E.  of  tlie  river  village  (tlio  Luiitiiiii,')  is  tlie  Verplancii  llousu,  once  tin- 
lii'Hil-(iimrtei's  of  liaron  Hteulu-n,  and  IIk;  j»lac«  wlicrc  linj  Society  of  liic 
Cincinnati  was  formed  (in  17s3).  As  tlie  steamer  passes  N.,  there  are  line 
retrosjjects  of  IJoterljerj?,  Hreuknccii  Hill,  ancl  the  Miitteaw...uuid  .Sli;iu;ui- 
gunk  iMts.  On  tlie  VV.  bank,  opposite  the  villa^^e  of  Low  I'oint,  is  a  mm  kv 
l)latforni  which  was  named  "  the  Devil's  Dance-Ohamher "  liy  Hemliiik 
Hudson,  after  seeing  there  a  midnight  pow-wow  of  jiainted  Indianw. 

But  Knickerlxnker,  (lescribinx  (lov.  Htiiyvosaiit*s  voy!i;,v,  Hays,  "Even  imw  I 
liave  it  on  tlie  point  of  my  jtoii  to  leljite,  liow  his  crew  was  most  horribly  liuU 
tned.ou  j^o'iiy  on  shore  aliovc^lhe  lli;;lil;in(ls,  by  aKiini; of  ineiry.  roysteriii},ilcvil>, 
frisliini,' um I  curveting'  on  a  im;;e  lint  rock  wliicli  iirojcctcd  into  tiie  river,  mil 
ivhieli  is  called  the  l)uyvell'is  Daiin  KavierU)  this  very  day." 

New  Ilamlmrg,  and  Barnegat  (on  the  E.  shore),  Hampton,  Marlhoroii^^h,  | 
Itnd  Milton  (on  the  W.  shore),  are  sn)all  river-villages,  which  are  passtij 
during  the  next  15  M.  Foughkeepsie  (Mi)r(fan  IliHisr)  is  a  city  of  20,0iiil 
inhalntantf  .;jtuated  on  the  E.  hank,  75  M.  from  New  York.  It  \v;is 
■ettled  by  the  Dutch  in  1G98,  and  its  name  is  derived  from  the  Imliiii; 
Apokeejising  (-'safe  harbor").  It  i.'  situated  on  a  plateau  above  the 
river,  and  has  some  good  public  buildings  and  famous  schools,  with  a 
large  and  lucratu'c  country  trade  from  t.ie  rich  farm-lands  of  Diitilios 
County.  About  2  M.  from  the  city  (horse-cars  run  all  tiu'  way)  is  Vassar 
College,  the  largest  and  most  renowned  female  college  in  the  world.  It 
occupies  a  range  of  imposing  Ijuildings  secluded  amid  e.xtensive  groiimk 
and  has  about  400  students,  who  pursue  the  higher  classical  an<l  sciiiititi': 
studies,  and  receive  degrees  in  due  form.  Among  the  distinguished  iv-i- 
dents  of  Poughkeepsie  are  Benson  J.  fjossing,  the  historian  ;  A.  J.  Davis, 
the  head  of  the  Si»iritualist  sect  (sometimes  called  "  The  Poughkeejisie 
Seer");  and  Prof.  S.  F.  B.  Morse  (died  in  1S72),  one  of  the  originators 
of  tli'  electric  telegraph. 

Neio  Paltz  is  opposite  Poughkeepsie,  and  5  M.  above  (E.)  is  the  liaiil- 
some  village  of  Hyde  Pq-vk,  named  after  Sir  Edmund  Hyde,  a  near  rela- 
tive of  Queen  Anne,  who  was  an  early  Governor  of  New  York.     Tiiislaiiii, 
was  bought  ftud  named  by  his  private  secretary.     The  village  is  near  J 
sharp  bend  in  the  river,  called  by  Dutch  "  Krom   Elleboge  "  (crookrij 
elbow),  and  now  known  as  Crom  ElboM^     1  M.  above  is  *'  Placentia,"  tin 
former  home  of  James  K.  Paulding,  the  essayist  and  satirist,  and  Se. 
tary  of  the  D.  S.  Navy  (1839  -  41 ).     The  livor-banks  are  now  low  ami  uiij 
picturesque,  but  an  air  of  rich  rural  peace  pervades  the  country-siil  ,  n"' 
handsome  villas  are  seen  on  the  banks.     Astoj's  mansion  (W. ),  Eiof 
Island,  and  Staatshuig  (E.  )are  passed,  with  tho  majestic  blue  peaks 
the     atskills  drawing  nearer  on  ^he  N.     Port  Ewcn  and  Roiulout,  on  ti 
"N^   ,  are  busy  towns,  with  large  foieigu  populations*  engaged  in  the  mai" 
facture  of  cement  and  the  liun&fe.'  cl  ,xal,  which  ij  brought  iiere  in  " 


nil. 

'"'•^^^^  t/ieoj 

""'■'^'■'l  a  stei 

;;'""-''''yde(l 
f  "'e  f,a,i|,i,r 

^^'"■'f « .ste.nnb 

•'"'^•"'"FuJtJ 

The 


'M    'iV"''"'''' 


Mi 


t'LEUMuNT. 


JiuiieJJ.     347 


louse,  once  Ww 

Society  of  tk 

[.  there  live  I'm'' 

,.".'.» iuu\  S^>'i^^  •>'■• 
I'oint,  iHftVocUy 

J.-   \,y  UeU'li'ul; 

ton,  Mar\\>ovouJK 
which  are  V'^f 
)isacityof20,(K^' 
evrYork.     U  ;"^ 
X  from  t\.e  Inauji 

ous  schools,  NvitU  a 

ltiu,.Nvay)  is  Vassal 

.,re  in  the  worl'l.    U 
rexteusive  gvoumls, 

lassical  au.l  sci^'ut^  | 
,e  aislius"ishf>l  v>';>' 
d(^v\an  -,  A.  t'- 

,,  of  the  origiuato"! 

I         ,v  \  istheliaw^- 
Ijove  (Ci-)  I'''-'        , 

LwYovk.    Tlusl 
The  viWage  is  "^'^^ 
I   EUehoge"  U'VOoH 
[vi'  is  "  Flacenlirt, 
la  satirist,  aiu\  |ij^« 
L  are  now  low  ;U'^^  ; 
L  tive  country-suV', « 
InM-avnon  (>>'•''        , 
luaiestic  blue  ^-aV 

li  brought  iieiv  i» 


III!  tiM)  ([uantities  over  the  Delaware  ami  Hiulson  Canal.    2  M.  iiilaml,  oil 
Ki(i|ms  Creek,  is  Kin;/ston,  which  was  settleil  liy  tho  llugicnots  in  1(IH5, 
mill  was  sackeil  aiiilhmiKid  by  (k'li.  Vaii^han,  with  H.UOO  Uiitisii  troojis, 
in  1777.     The  lirst  const i  ution  of  New  York  was  formed  in  u  legislative 
gossjoii  ftt  Kin}j;ston  (1777),  and  here  Vanderlyn,   the  artist,  was  horn 
(l"7i)).     Opposite   lloiiiloiit  is   Uhiiit'Iteck-on-lhf-nudsoi),  2  M.  fnmi  the 
fild  villasyte  wliich  was  rounded  by  William  Ueckman  in  1(317.     He  camo 
fiDiii  tlie  Rhineland,  an<l  nam(;<l  his  settlement  for  himself  and  his  ol*l 
jioiiie  river.     8.  of  the  Landinj?  is  "  WilderclitT,"  the  former  estate  of  the 
('iiiiiiciit  Methodist,  Freeliorn  (larrelson.    Ahovetli.s  place  is  "  Kllei"slie," 
the  lionio  of  the  Ilun.  \Vm.    Kelly  (the  estate  fronts  for  l.\   M.  on  the 
liver),  while  near  the  fiandiii^  is  the  old  fortress-matision  of  the  IJeek- 
iiiaus  (hnilt  of  stone,  in  the  17th  centnry).     Ahove  Ilhineheck  is  "  lloko- 
l)y,"  W.  H.  Astor's  residence,  which  was  huilt  hy  Gen.  Ainisirong,  Secro- 
t;iiy  of  War,  1813-14  ;  and  "  MontL,'omery  Place,"  the  liivinttstons'  man- 
Moii,  Imilt  by  Gen.  Mont;j;oniery's  widow  (a  Livinj;ston).     Above  Barry- 
tnwii  is  the  estate  of  "  Annandale,"  and  in  tht  groves  of  Crnger's  Island 
(naiT  the  W.  shore),  Is  a  picturescjue  and  truly  ancient  ruin,  which  was 
iiuiiorted  from  Italy  some  years  since.     Near  Annandale   is  an  elegant 
litllt!  ciiapel,  and  .SV.  S/ephcn's  ('ullci/e  (Ejiiscopal),  en'lowed  by  Mr.  Bard, 
the  owner  of  the  estate.     Jiarri/town  ami  Tivoli  are  the  landings  for  the 
aiitiiiuated  inland  towns  of  Lower  and  Upper  Red  Hook.    Opposite  Tivoli 
(whiili  has  the  old  De  Peyster  Mansion)  is  the  flourishing  factory-village 
oi  Sluif/ri'tirs,  at  the  mouth  of  Esopus  Creek,  and  2  M.  aliove  is  Afalilen. 
Oyii)osite  Maiden  is  Clermont,   the?    home  of  the  i)atrician   family  of 
Liviiij!;ston  (descended  from  the  Earls  of  Linlithgow),  which  has  had  such 
great  inlluence  in  New  York  State.     The  old  manor  was  above  German- 
town,  iiiid  Chancellor  Ijivingston  built  a  now  one  on  the  site  of  Clermont, 
but  Vaughan's  British  raiders  «lestroyed  both  houses  (in  1777).     New 
ones  were  soon  erected,  and  the  Chancellor,  being  aj)pointed  Ambassador 
to  France,  met  Robei't  Fulton  in  Paris,  and  became  deei)ly  interested  in 
the  new  theories  of  steam  navigation.      In  1787  John  Fitch  built  and 
worked  a  steamboat  at  I'hiladelplda,  and  in  1789  one  had  lieen  operated 
,011  tlie  Clyde  (near  Glasgow),  Imt  both  inventors  had  given  up  the  idea 
of  the  feasibility  of  steam  navigation.     In  1807  Livingston  and  Fulton 
[I'liilt  a  steamboat  in  New  York,  called  tlie  "  Clermont  "  (but  popularly 
timed  "Fulton's  Folly"),  which  ascended  the  Pludson  to  Albany  in  32 
lionrs,  to  the  great  amazemer  I  of  all  the  people. 

The  Catskill  Mis.  nrc  now  seen  in  the  W.,  with  the  famous  Mountain  House 

'lip  mi  iin;  tit  their  )ioaUs,  wliitc  as  a  snow-drift.  P'roiu  the  viliiige  f)f  Catnldll 
l^^itli  its  sii]>erh  Prospcrt  Park  Hotel  overlooking  the  river)  fre(inent  staj^'es  rini 
'Ube  Iilouutaln  House  (in  3-4  Ins.  ;  fare,  §2.60),  imssing  tliroiigh  yieepy 
Mliiw,  wlii'ie  Rill  Van  Winkle  is  said  to  have  taken  his  20  years'  naji.  Tlie 
'"Hiitain  House  is  near  the  edge  of  a  rlitr,  2,212  ft.  above  the  river,  and  coin- 
luds  a  *  *^  view  extending  over  10,000  square  miles,  embracing  parts  of  four 


■i!  i' 


!lv| 

II. 


1'< 


•  i  '-. 


;'.  I 


*  %\( 


i^k 


|i 


348    Route  52. 


ALBANY. 


r* 


t   ': 


\\     ^  I 


M..    )t\ 


States,  60  M.  of  the  Hudson  Valley,  the  distant  cities  of  Albany  and  Troy,  and  the 

surrounding  peaks  of  the  Catsk ills.  The  South  and  North  Mts.,  the  Two  Lukt-a 
and  the  High  Falls,  and  the  Sti)ny,  Cauterskill,  and  Plattekill  Cloves  (notcliis) 
should  be  visite<l.  Tliere  are  other  hotels  among  the  nits.,  and  tine  Hsliiii;:  is 
found  on  the  remote  streams.  The  small  villageofPaicuriWo  has  several  boanlin^' 
houses,  much  visited  by  artists.  Amid  this  scenery  lived  and  labored  Tlniina- 
Cole,  the  jwinter  of  the  three  series  of  imjiressive  allegoi-icul  pic^tures  rei)resoiitin;; 
"  The  Course  of  Empire,"  "  The  Voyjige  of  Life,"  and  "The  Cross  and  the  World  " 
(th^^  latter  was  left  incomplete  at  his  death). 

4  lv(.  above  Cat.skill,  on  the  E.  bank,  i.s  Hudson  (  Warth  House),  a  liaml- 
Bome  V  ity  on  a  liigli  promontory,  with  a  fine  river-side  avenue  called  tlie 
Promenade,  leading  to  tlie  top  of  Prospect  Hill  (200  ft.  high)  which  looks 
over  on  the  Catskills.     The  city  wa.s  founded  by  30  Quakers  fron)  I'lovi- 
dence,  in  1784,  and  now  contains  10,000  inliabitants.    It  is  at  the  liead  of 
ship  navigation,  and  is  the  terminus  of  the  Hudson  and  Bo.ston  Rtiilioad 
(to  Chatham).     The  marble  Court-House  of  Columbia  County  is  located 
here,  and  there  are  several  very  neat  churches  in  the  city.     4  M.  N.  are 
tlie  Columbia  Suliyhur  Springs,  with  a  large  hotel  and  a  picture.squc  lake, 
while  New  Lebanon  (see  page  146)  is  often  visited  from  this  point.    A 
steam-ferry  leads  from  Hudson  to  the  small  village  of  Athens,  wlionce  a 
branch  of  the  N.  Y.  Central  Railroad  diverges  to  Schenectady.     4  .M.  X. 
is  Four  Mile  Point,  with  its  lighthouse,  opposite   Sluyvesant   Landiiig,  5 
M.  from  Kinderhook,  where  Martin  Van  Buren,  8th  President  of  tlie  U. 
S.,  was  born,  and  where  he  died,  on  his  estate  of  "  Liudenwald."    CW- 
sackie  is  a  rambling  village  on  the  W.  shore,  and  New  Baltimore  and 
Schodac  are  soon  passed.     Above  New  Baltimore  and  near  the  W.  shore 
is  Beeren  Island,  on  yvhose  rocky  summit  once  stoo<l  the  castle  of  Reus- 
selaerstein,  pertaining  to  Killian  Van  Rensselaer,  the  Patroon  of  Albany. 
The  Helderberg  Mts.  are  seen  in  the  W.  as  the  steamer  passes  Coeyniaii's; 
Castleton  is  then  passed,  on  the  E.  ;  the  immense  and  costly  natioDiil 
dikes  are  seen  stretcliing  along  the  shore  ;  and  the  populous  hills  of  Al 
bany  are  rapidly  approached. 

Albany  (*  Ddavan  Houst  ,■  Kenmore ;  Stanwix  Hall),  the  capital  of 
New  York,  is  a  prosperous  commercial  city  at  the  confluence  of  the  Fiie 
and  Chaniplain  Canals  and  the  Hudson  River,  144  M.  from  New  York 
City.  It  has  over  80,000  inhabitants,  and  is  famed  for  its  extensive  brew- 
eries and  cattle-yards,  while  the  workshops  of  the  N.  Y.  Central  Railiuiil 
employ  over  1,(K)0  men.  Vast  quantities  of  Western  jiroduce  pass  to  aiil 
through  Albany  by  means  of  the  Erie  Canal,  which  has  here  a  gnat  tii- 
minal  basin  shielded  by  a  breakwater  80  ft.  wide  and  4,300  ft.  long.  Tlie 
Susquehanna  R.  R.  (from  Binghamton  ;  142  M.),  the  N.  Y.  Central  R 
R.  (from  Buffalo— 297  M.  —  and  the  West),  and  the  Rensselaer  an' 
Saratoga  R.  R.  (from  Saratoga,  Rutland,  and  Lake  Chaniplain)  ■oiivergej 
here  from  the  W.  and  N.,  and  are  united  by  2  double-tracked  bridges 
of  stone  and  iron  Q  M,  Jonj;;  costing  $2,500,000)  to  the  great  raihvar 
liuue  ruuuini;  S.  and  E.  bevoud  tlie  Hudson.    The  citv  has  a  coniiiiaudiii^l 


■     "I'^vasfonj 
/"'■f<>ran;; 

"•;*''  LTownl 
'^f'le  city  ,v..l 


»'j.i-^jj,u-amJfi-i"m"' 


d  Troy,  ana  Uie 
t\ie  Two  U^^^\ 
"loves  (notcU's) 
I  nne  ftslii"-  '^ 
everal  Vvoiivaui,; 
labored  Tl'-mui^ 
ives  rei-reseutui^ 

//oiwe),  aliand- 
eiuie  called  tW 
.g\,)  whicli  looks 
;evs  i'voi«  Vvovi- 
is  at  the  head  of 
Boston  Kailvoad 

>uuty  is  ^0'-^^'^'^ 
:^.y_     4M.  N.  are 

picturesque  Uike, 

m  this  point.    A 
yl</iens,  whence  a 

nectady.  4  M.  N^ 
■vesant  Lamln-.g,;' 
•rcskleut  of  the  I'. 
iiulenwaW."    <-'"'• 


Jew  Baltiniov 


e  aivl 


near  the  W.  shove 
the  castle  of  Kt^s- 
Patroou  of  Albany, 
V  passes  Coeynuuis; 

and  costly  natioij 
ulous  hiU«  ot  Al 


>V 


Iran),  the  capital  o! 
.flueuce  of  the  F.n 
LI.  from  New  ^ oik 


ALBANY. 


/JoM^e  5i\      349 


i 


jr  its  extensive  I'Vf^v- 
Y   Central  Kailvoa 

l,proaacerasstoi*i 
i  here  a  great  H 

4,300 ft. loi'?- ;;, 

t,e  N.  Y.  Central  K 

tue  Rensselaer  « 

Ichamplain)  ^o"^;^ 


situation,  and  contains  many  fine  public  building;?,  chief  Muioui^  which  is 
tlie  new  *  Capitol,  tlie  larj^est  and  most  expensive  ^ranito  i)uildin}X  on  the 
continent.  Begun  in  18(59,  it  lias  already  Cdst  Sli.OOOjOOO.  and  will  cost 
^3 -.J, 000, 000  more.  It  is  of  lienaissaiice  architecture,  ^JOO  by  400  feet  in 
area.  Tlio  Assembly  Chamber  is  covered  by  tlie  lari^est  ^^roined  arch  in 
the  wcirld.  TIjo  mural  paintings  in  this  ruoni,  the  only  work  of  the  kind 
fiver  (lone  by  Wm.  M.  Hunt,  attract  a  great  deal  of  attentii)n;  and  the 
building  as  a  whole  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  interestinir  in  America. 
The  Senate  Chamber  (finished  in  marble)  is  not  cciualled  outside  of  Venice. 
Aiiittlier  much  admired  i)uilding  is  the  new  City  Hall,  one  of  Mr.  H.  H. 
Kiiliardson's  happiest  efforts.  This  is  on  the  same  square  with  (lie 
Capitol.  The  Catholic  Cathedral  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  is  a 
ciistly  building,  with  handsome  stained-glass  windows.  A  still  more 
elaborate  and  expensive  cathedral  for  the  Kpiscopal  Diocese  has  just  been 
begun.  The  State  Museum  of  Natural  History,  in  Geological  Hall,  at- 
tracts nuiuy  visitors,  who  are  admitted  free.  One  of  the  ])Icasantest 
fealures  of  "Albany  is  its  Park  (take  State-St.  or  Hamilton-St.  horse-cars), 
i  M.  S.  W.  of  the  Capitol,  80  acres  admirably  laid  out  in  drives,  walks, 
liToves,  (lower-beds,  etc.  The  Rural  Cemt-terij,  4  M.  N.,  should  also  be 
visiU'il.  if  only  to  see  the  fannms  .^tatue  of  the  Angel  of  the  Sepulchre,  by 
K.  1).  I'almer.  The  Medical  (JoUege,  the  (.'oUegc  of  Pharmacy,  and  the 
Law  School  are  branches  of  Union  University.  The  leading  industries 
aresti  ve-niaki;:g  and  brewing.  There  are  also  large  lumber  and  cattle 
iiiaik(  !s.  9  daily  newspaprs  are  printed  here.  (For  additional  particu- 
lars t'  usult  the' Albany  Hand-Book.)  The  spacious  Gothic  Cliurch  of 
|St.  Ji^eph,  on  Ten-Broe<k  St.,  is  worthy  of  inspection.  The  State 
\Amii  /  is  a  strong  castellated  building  on  ICagle  St..  near  some  liand- 
l.'^ome  hurdles.  1\  M.  S.  W.  of  the  city  are  the  buildings  of  the  .\lnis- 
[liousc  liisaiie  Asylum,  Kever  Hospital,  and  Industrial  School,  all  on  one 
[large  arm.  On  a  hill  m  the  N.  part  of  the  city,  is  the  Dudlty  Obstr- 
hatoT'..  richly  endowed  by  Mrs.  Dutlley,  and  liiruished  with  a  costly 
jcuHecon  of  astronomical  instruments  and  books.  lu  the  same  part 
<s  tilt  Van  Renssehver  Manor  House  and  its  park,  an  interesting  old 
puild;  I  on  the  site  first  occupied  by  Kilian  Van  Rensselaer,  Patroon 
pf  Bt  .rwyk.  This  gentleman  received  from  the  Dutch  king,  in  1637,  a 
covering  about  1,150  sciuan;  miles,  embracing  most  of  the  present 
s  of  Albany,  Rensselaer,  and  Columbia,  and  here  he  ruled  in  feudal 
The  family  has  ever  since  remained  i-iowerful  and  wealthy.  Tlie 
ior  House  is  anotlier  ancient  mansion  above  the  city,  which  was, 
■y  Col.  Peter  Schuyler,  a  distinguished  colonial  leader  in  the  17th 


bateli 
lonii' 
Itiitt. 
■cin; 


Ittiit 


louble-tracv 


to  the  great  ri 
ttv  has  a  coum 


ailvvavl 
lauil''"^! 


|a;    ny  was  fonndec!  by  the  Dutch  in  1G14,  and  in  1023  a  fort  was  bnilt  and 

k'i     Fort  Orange.     Tim  settlement  was  called  Beverwyk,  or  Williamstadt,  luid 

J,  wlieii   the  British  took    the  place,  it  was  iiunied  Albany  in  honor  of 

litish  crown-priiue,  James,  Duk ;  of  York  and  Alliaiiy.     It  was  then  sur- 

"1  liy  tiniber-wulls,  with  six  gates,  jiarts  of  which  were  standing  in  1812. 

•^(j  tliu  city  Avas  cliartered,  and  in  1708  it  became  the  cajiital  of  the  State.     A 

Hieial  congress,  which  met  here  in  1754,  formed  such  a  plan  of  union  for  the 

"ies  that  concerted  a(;tion  was  possible  when  later  events  required  it.     Since 

'"iistniction  of  the  Erie  and  Champliiin  Canals  and  the  great  systems  of  rail- 

ws  which  converge  here,  Albany  lias  continued  to  increase  in  wealth  and  pros- 


-  -n 


,  K* 


.-r.t 


^  -'ii 


I  ill 


i  '■  i 


\  \ 


ri: 


Route  53.  ALBANY  TO  MONTREAL. 


53.  Albany  to  Montreal 

By  the  Rensselaer  and  Saiiito<,'a  Uaih-Oiul,  running  N.  froni  Albany  to  Saratoga 
Springs,  Wliitehall,  unci  Rutland. 

Soon  after  leaving  the  city,  the  Rural  Cemetery  is  passed,  and  the  train 
reaches  W.  Troy,  the  seat  of  the  National  Arsenal  of  Watervliet,  m  ith  its 
30  buildings  and  100  acres  of  grouuds.  On  the  E,  is  seen  Troy  (.1  mi'iinni 
House  ;  Mmision  House),  a  flourishhig  city  of  nearly  60,000  inlia])itaiils, 
situated  on  an  alluvial  j^lain  G  M.  N.  of  Albany.  It  is  an  import  ant  rail- 
road-centre,  and  has  many  large  ujauufactories  (iron  foundries,  cotton  uini 
woollen  goods,  cars,  Bessemer  steel,  &c.)  fronting  on  the  Hudson.  The 
Troy  Hcspital,  Marshall  Infirmary,  Orphan  Asylums,  and  Warn-ii  Free 
In.stitute  are  the  principal  charitable  foundations  ;  while  the  Rensselaer 
Polytechnic  Institute  and  other  line  academies  attest  the  intelligence  of 
the  citizens.  The  streets  are  wide  and  well  paved,  and  the  marble  C'mirt 
House  and  the  fine  churches  (notably  those  of  St,  Paul  and  St.  Jolui)  are 
worthy  of  attention.  The  city  is  built  near  the  mouth  of  the  Poesteiiliiil, 
and  is  overlooked  by  Mounts  Ida  and  Olympus.  St.  Joseph's  Seminary 
is  upon  the  heights,  and  is  a  Catholic  institution  of  high  grade  and  wide 
reputation.  Troy  was  founded  by  men  of  New  England,  and  beeanie  a 
city  in  1816.  In  1862  full  forty  acres  of  its  settled  portion  was  Immt 
over,  causing  a  loss  of  $  3,000,000. 

Beyond  W.  Troy  the  train  i)asses  Cohoes,  a  large  manufacturing  town 
at  the  Falls  of  the  Mohawk  River,  3  M.  al)ove  which  the  Ei  ie  Caniil 
.crosses  the  river  in  a  stone  aqueduct  1,137  ft.  long,  resting  on  26  jiers. 
The  train  now  crosses  the  Mohawk,  and  follows  the  r.  bank  of  tlie  lliiiK.ii 
to  Mechanicsville,  where  it  turns  to  the  N.  W.  Stations,  Rouad  Lvk 
(near  the  celebrate<l  Methodist  camp-ground)  and  Ballslon,  whase  ininerl 
waters  were  formerly  much  visited.     There  are  several  fine  springs,  ti 


most  valuable  of  which  is  known  as  the  Lithia  Spring. 
Ballston  the  train  reackes  the  village  of 


7  M.  Ley  Oh  J 


Saratoga  Springs. 

Hotels.-  The  « United  States  is  on  Broadway,  and  has  1,100  rooms  (it  p«-tj 
over  !*  1,000,000).     The  *  Grand  Union  has  a  front  (  i  Broadway  1,301  ft.  K'n;,'. 
witli  82-1  rooms.     Tlie  *  Windsor  is  a  new  hotel  opposite  the  Clareiuloii.    *L''i'-j 
Hall  is  opposite  tlie  Grand  Union,  and  has  1,01G  ft.  of  frontage  (on  tlirM 

'I'liis  lii.iii''M 


gress 


streets),  with  broad  piazzas,  i-oof-i)ronienades,  and  superb  parlors.  Tli 
was  built  in  18lJ8,  and  is  of  an  imposing  form  of  arcliiteeture.  Tlie  **'''"' 
Central  Hotel  is  on  Broadway,  opposite  Congress  Hall,  and  is  a  suiiorb  li"iin'^ 
witli  over  700  ft.  frontage,  and  6u0  rooms.  The  *  Clarendon  is  an  anst.>riMn<- 
resort  amid  stately  elm-groves  opiiosite  ijongress  Park.  The  *\Viiul>'i  ;* 
near  by.  The  American  (on  Broadway)  accomujodates  350  guests  ;  the  .Mir^ " 
House  (corner  Broadway  and  Division  Streets),  250  ;  the  Continental,  'l'^'>  ■  ™\ 
Columbian,  '200.    Besides  those  above-named,  there  are  42  hotels  in  aiul  '"'^^ 

the  village,  together  with  "several  great  water-cure  establishments  uiuler  tl 

of  experienced  doctors,  and  many  quiet  and  uiexpeusive  boarding-houses 


ertliei'ir« 


"*.     \ 


any  to  Saratoga 

I,  and  tlio  train 
ervliet,  with  its 

;roy(--l '"'''■'''"" 
00  inba1)itauts, 

import  lUit  vail- 
tries,  cotton  ami 
i  Hudson.  Tlie 
lulWarnni  Vm 
•  the  ranisselai-r 

!  intellis^-'"*^*^  "^ 
:ie  marlAe  Court 
,nilSt.  John)  are 
f  tlie  Foestenkill, 
osepli's  Seminary 
rli  grade  :ui<\  wi'le 
nd,  and  l-eoanie  a 
portion  ^vas  huriil 

timfactnring  town 
ch  the  Eric  Canul 
^ting  on  26  V^^- 
lauk  of  tlu'  ll"'l-';" 
,ions,  Round  ii'^'^ 
\ton,  Avhasc  miner ' 
kl  fine  springs  ' 
tng.     7  M.huyoud 


tilt 


ladway  Lf /'»  .u- 
lie  ClareuLlou.       - 

tff.ontu,e^jo^    -. 

Ipa'Tlors.     lj';^,,,^,J 

lecture.     1"';    ,   ,j,J 

ICoutinental,  -         J 
fo  hotels  ui  "     !,| 

■    ardiug-lw^'^"   '] 


SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 


Ruute  53.     35 1 


vhniges  at  the  principal  liotels  are  §4.50-6.00  a  clay,  or  S  25  -35.00  a  week,  while 
every  variety  of  price  and  accommodation  may  be  fonnd  aiuoii.^  the  smaller  ho- 
tels. Pleasant  quarters  may  be  found  in  the  bourdiug-liouscs  for  from  i#iO  to 
j;20  a  week. 

Carriages.  —  50  c.  each  passenger  for  a  course  witliin  the  bounds  of  tlic  village 
(l),i,u:;a;^i'  oxtra).     A  coaclimau  and  si)an  may  l)e  hired  for  $75.00  a  month. 

Amusements. —  Tlie  (>i)era  House,  attached  to  the  Grand  Union  House, 
sfats  l.'iiM)  jiersons.  Tliere  are  nightly  hops  in  the  elegant  ball-rooms  attached  to 
the  tlircc  chief  hotels,  and  grand  balls  once  a  week  at  each  of  these  hou.ses.  (J  nests 
]i,iyS  I  lor  admission  to  the  balls,  which  are  the  most  brilliant  on  tlic  continent. 
Tiie  Races  come  off  in  .July  and  August  (second  week),  fin  one  of  the  liest  of  the 
Anicrican  race-courses  (1  M.  from  Congress  Siiring).  'i'he  swil'test  horses  are 
tiitcred  at  these  famous  contests,  and  some  of  the  most  remarkable  races  of  the 
jwst  (U'lade  have  taken  jdace  here.  Music  is  discoursed  by  bands  connected  with 
the  lictels,  several  times  daily,  and  promenades  take  place  in  the  parks,  parlors, 
anil  pia/.za.s. 

Churches.  — The  Methodist  and  the  Episcopal  Soeieties  have  fine  buildings 
on  Washington  St.,  near  the  Grand  Union.  The  Baptist  Church  is  on  tlie  same 
street,  and  the  Presbyterian  Church  is  on  up]ier  Broadway.  The  Catholics  meet 
at  their  churcli  on  S.  Broadway  (near  the  Clarendon),  and  the  Congregationalists 
unit  III!  Pliila  tit.  (over  tlie  l\)st-»Jttice).  Tne  V.  M.  C.  A.  reading-room  auil  hall 
are  in  the  Town  Hall  (corner  of  Broadway  and  Church  St.). 

Omnibuses  run  frequently  to  the  spnngs  beyond  the  village  limits,  and  to 
Sanitiiia  Lake.     A  small  steamer  plies  on  the  lake. 

Railroads.  From  Boston  to  Saratoga  by  Routes  22  and  53  ;  by  Route  25 ; 
liy  lioutis  20  and  2S  (the  favorite  route,  through  trains  in  i)  hrs).  Prom  New 
York  liy  through  express  v^withont  change)  on  the  Ilndscni  River  Railroad,  in  5.V  hrs. 
(ISO  .M.) ;  or  by  Route  52  to  Albany,  and  thence  by  Route  .0;$.  Saratoga  is  :i8  M. 
frnia  .Mbany ;  274  M.  from  Phihideliihia  ;  412  M.  from  Washington  ;  841  M.  from 
Cliioayo  ;  3!t2  M.  from  tineliec  ;  311  M.  from  Niagara  ;  45  M.  from  Lake  Cham- 
I'liiu ;  and  2,292  M.  from  New  Orleans.  Tlie  Adirondack  Railroad  (station  on 
Washington  St.)  runs  K.  from  Saratoga  to  North  Creek  (57  ^l.). 

Saratoga  Springs,  one  of  the  foremost  of  the  sniuiner-resorts  of  Anievica 
ami  of  tiie  world,  is  situated  in  Eastern  New  \ork,  about  niidw.iy  between 
.Mbaiiy  and  Lake  George.  Like  Newport  by  the  sea,  it  is  often  called 
"the  Queen  of  American  watering-places,"  and  this  «lual  sovereignty  is 
generally  acknowledged.  The  village  is  situated  on  a  plateau  a  few  U. 
W,  of  the  Hudson  River,  and  has  a  resident  popvdation  of  about  9,000. 
Tlie  hotel  system  of  Saratoga  is  unrivalled  elsewhere  in  the  world,  and 
ahliongh  equal  to  the  accommodation  of  16-18,000  guests,  it  is  taxed  to 
its  utmost  cajtacity  during  the  month  of  August  (the  .season  opens  early 
ill  June).  Broadway  is  the  main  street,  and  extends  for  several  miles, 
with  the  chief  hotels  near  its  centre  and  a  succession  of  costly  villas  be- 
yond. Circular  St.  and  Lake  Ave.  are  also  famed  for  their  elegant  sum- 
tiier-residences,  while  large  medical  establishments  and  boarding-houses 
arefounlon  the  quieter  side-streets.     The  village  is  at  its  liriglitest  in 

August,  when  it  is  thronged  l>y  visitors  from  all  i)arts  of  the  republic;  and 

'mm  Europe,  while  over  3,000  ])rivate  carriages,  together  with  the  caval- 
I  Wiles  from  the  public  livery-stables,  join  in  the  parade  of  fashion  on 
1  Broadway  and  the  Boulevard.  Although  the  greater  part  of  the  visitors 
I  fciiie  from  the  central  Atlantic  States,  the  number  from  beyond  that  dis- 
[trictis  still  so  great  as  to  give  a  continental  or  even  a  cosmopolitan  Havor 

lo the  summer  society.    The  merry  music  of  the  bands,  the  regular  pro- 


i 


.1." 


^t^ 


-ill 


^M 


iri'' 


I  I 


m 


1! 

¥: 


.'I 


li 


1 


:*    li,     ,  'I 

1 


f:^ 


352    Route  63. 


SARATOGA   SPRINGS. 


cessions  of  elegant  carriages  on  the  favorite  drives,  the  crowds  gatluiiiig 
about  the  s^n-ings  at  the  fashionable  hours  for  drink'.ig,  the  brilliant  liujis 
and  the  world-renowned  balls  at  the  grand  hotels,  and  the  surging  oi'  the 
multitude  toward  the  railroad  station  at  the  time  of  the  incoming  trains, 
furnisli  endless  resources  for  observation  and  amusement. 

Congress  Park  is  a  jdeasant  ground  for  a  ramble,  and  consists  of  a 
low  ridge  sweeping  around  the  Congress  and  Columbian  Sjirings.     It  is 
opposite  the  chief  hotels,  and  is  Avell  laitl  out  in  patlis,  and  adorned  v/itli 
many  of  the  great  elms  whicli  are  tiic  only  natural  beauties  to  be  louuu 
in  Saratoga,     N.  of  the  Park  is  the  Inaian  Camp,  where  a  band  of  Fiemli 
half-breeds  and  Indians  encamp  during  tl,e  sumnu'.r,  carrying  on  a  hura 
tive  trade  in  bead-work,  baskets,  moccasins,  and  other  small-wares.    Tlie 
Circidar  Railway  is  near  the  camp,  and  is  supi)osed  to  aflbrd  visitors  a 
benehcial  exercise.     A  little  way  beyond  the  camp  (on  the  r.  side  of  Cir- 
cular St. )  is  the  poi)ular  Temple  Giove  Seminary,  whose  fine  building  is 
used  during  the  summer  as  a  boarding-liouse  for  families     On  tlie  same 
street,  and  just  beyond  the  Seminary,  is  the  Drs.  Strong's  Institute  (Iw 
guests)   for   the  i)ractice  of  the  watei",  vacuum,  and  movement  curcj. 
About  1  M.  N.  of  the  Park  (on  Broadway)  is  the  race-course  and  hotel  at  | 
Glen  Mitchell,  with  finely  arranged  grounds  and  shady  groves. 

The  luineral  springs  rise  in  a  stiatuni  of  Potsdam  sandstone  near  a  great  lueak  j 
or  lissiu'e  ill  the  strata  underlying  the  yarat.oj,'a  Valley,  and  reaeli  llie  suil'iinlijl 
passing  through  a  lied  of  blue  ehiy.     Jlost  of  the  sjirings  are  owned  l>y  stml;  mw- 

t)anies,  one  of  whicli  has  a  cajiital  of  $l,()(l{),0(tO,  andeoiiti''<K  the  Congress,  Colii!ii| 
)iaii,  and  Empire  Sjirings.     The  process  of  boring  artesian  wells  has  been  liiti> 
duecd  with  iiiiieh  piolit,  and  some  of  tlic  most  valuable  of  the  new  sounes  \m\ 
been  discovered  in  that  way.     Immense  quantities  of  the  waters  arc  sent  awaytoj 
all  parts  of  the  United  States,  for  the  treatment  of  invalids  at  home,  tlnuiylitlifl 
process  of  bottling  and  jiaeking  is  diffienlt  and  eo.stly.     In  the  year  ISGd,  ;i(iO,Wl 
bottles  were  sent  away  from  the  Empire  Sitring  alone.     The  prineiiial  ingivilicuul 
of  the  waters  are  earbonie-acid  and  salt,  with  bi-earbonates  of  lime,  iniit;iifj.i,| 
soda,  iron,  and  litliia,  of  which  the  Vir.'ving  proporti.iiis  cause  tlie  ]ieciili,n  diirf 
acteristies  of  the  different  sin-iiigs.     Th.^  visitor  may  freely  drink  at  iinyi'ftiii 
sources,  the  water  being  dip])ed  u]    by  boys  (to  whom  a  small  gratuity  is  smi* 
times  given)-    Tlie  eathautic  waten  shouid  be  tal<en  before  breakfast,  tlncc  ';\:m 
being  a  fair 'luantity  ;  tlie  alterativ ;  wa',ers  sliouhl  be  taken  in  small  (|naiitiii| 
tlirougliout  the  day  ;  the  tonic  (iroi.)  vaters  must  be  drunk  after  iiiiiUiay ;  aii| 
the  diuretic  waters  should  be  taken  belore  each  meal. 

The  Columbian  Spring  is  in  Congress  Park,  near  the  Congress. 
was  discovered  in  1806,  and  is  the  favorite  among  the  residents  of  tlie'tl 
lage.    This  water  contains  a  perceptible  amount  of  iron,  with  coiisideralj 
carbonic-acid  gas,  and  acts  as  a  decided  tonic  and  diuretic. 

The  Congress  Spring  is  pleasantly  situated  in   Congress  Park,  sj 
close  to  Congress  Hall.     It  was  found  by  a  party  of  hunters  in  Lf 
and  was  so  named  because  there  was  a  Congressman  among  their  ini 
It  was  soon  after  choked  by  unskilful  tubing,  and  was  fouiul  aganj 
1804.     The  exportation  of  the  water  began  in  1823,  and  now  it  lias  at 
tinental  fame,  and  is  also  sold  in  Europe.     It  contains  in  each  gallon! 


e  brilliant  lio\« 


surging 


of  tlie 


SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 


noiite  53.     353 


.ncoming  tvains, 

k\  consists  of  a 
1  Springs.    It  i^ 

„a  aaoviKMi  V.U11 

tUes  to  "»H"  iouuu 
abanilofFveuA 

•rying  0"  ^  ^":?- 
small-waves,     m- 

,  aflbnl  visitors  a 

,  tl.e  r.  side  of  Cu- 

,setineln^^^*^"^?^^ 

3.g's  Institute  a.)  I 
a  nvovenient  c«m, 
..course  ami  l.oteUt  I 

ly  groves. 

I  cause  tlu.  U       -ofvl 
ecly  (IvuiU  at  .m^       1 

Lo  residents  ot  t . 

]ivon,vvitUc«"^^'^'^"' 

Idiuretie. 

L  Congress  Va  ^' 

Ly  of  Uuntevs  lu  1 

Ian  among  tlai 

Ld  was  found  ag.u,> 

Itains  in  each  fca" 


grains  of  chloride  of  sodium,  )  13  grains  of  Id-carhonate  of  lime,  and  122 
grains  of  bi-carbouate  of  magnesia,  with  36  grains  of  other  elements. 
This  water  is  cathartic  and  alterative,  and  is  beiielicial  in  diseases  of  the 
liver  anil  kidneys.  More  of  it  is  drank  than  of  tlie  water  of  any  otiier 
American  spring,  and  its  viciiuty  is  thronged  every  l)right  summer  nioru- 
iii;j;  witli  iiealth-seekers  from  the  hotels. 

Tlu"  Washington  Spring  is  in  the  Recreative  Garden  of  the  Clarendon 
Hotel  (across  Broadway  from  the  Columbian).  It  was  opened  in  1806, 
ami  wliile  being  renovated  anil  shafted  in  1858  a  great  flood  of  water  and 
gas  hurst  fortli  into  the  subterranean  tunnel,  and  forced  the  workmen  to 
Hee  for  their  lives.  This  is  the  most  pleasant  water  in  the  valley,  and  has 
a  taste  of  iron,  with  .strong  tonic  properties,  il  is  sometimes  called  "  tho 
Clianiiiagne  Spring,"  and  is  situated  among  stately  pine-groves. 

The  Crystal  Spring,  under  tlie  Grand  Central  Hotel,  was  discovered  in 
1870.  It  is  tainted  with  sulphuretted  hydrogen,  and  is  alterative  in  its 
effects.  The  Ilathorn  Sjiriiirj  is  opposite  Congress  Hall,  on  Sjjring  St. 
It  was  discovered  in  1868,  and  is  a  very  powerful  cathartic.  Each  gallon 
contains  510  grains  of  chloride  of  sodium,  171  grains  of  bicarbonate  of 
lime,  and  176  grains  of  bi-carbonate  of  magnesia,  besides  an  extraordinary 
amount  of  lithia.  The  IlaniiUnn  Sprincj  is  near  the  Ilathcrn,  and  back 
of  Congress  Hall  (corner  Spring  and  Putnam  Sts.).  It  is  diuretic  and 
cathartic  in  its  operation,  and  is  mainly  used  for  disea.-^cs  of  the  kidney.s. 
The  Putnam  Spring  is  on  Phila  St.,  near  the  Post-OIIice,  and  is  tonic  in 
it's  etlVcts. 

The  Pavilion  Spring  is  in  a  pretty  park  on  Lake  Ave.,  very  near 
Broadway.  It  was  tubed  in  1839,  and  has  a  wide  reputation  for  its 
catliartic  properties  and  its  efficacy  in  dyspepsia  and  bilious  complain t.s. 
Of  late  years  it  has  improved  in  quality  and  in  popularity.  The  United 
States  Spring  is  under  the  same  beautiful  colonnade,  and  is  toidc  in  its 
properties,  while  from  its  sparkling  character  it  is  used  for  giving  life  and 
iliavor  to  still  wines. 
The  .sources  p  jviously  mentioned  are  near  each  other,  in  the  centre  of 
!«*  village.  The  Seltzer,  High  Rock,  Star,  Empire,  Red,  Excelsior,  and 
iiieka  are  in  a  long  lino  in  the  N.  part  of  the  village.  The  Sbltzer 
pring  is  on  the  old  Willow  Walk,  not  far  N.  of  the  Pavilion.  This  is 
lie  least  .^aliue  of  the  Saratoga  waters  and  closely  resembles  the  Nassau 
pving  of  Germany.  It  bubbles  up  through  a  high  glass-tube,  agitated 
!iw  aiul  then  by  the  passage  of  carbonic-acid  gas.  It  is  a  pleasant  and  in- 
igorating  beverage. 

The  High  Rook  Spring  is  about  150  ft.  from  the  Seltzer,  and  is  tho 
'iest  known  of  the  springs.  In  1767  a  party  of  Indians  brought  Sir  Wm. 
Iiiison  thither  on  a  litter,  an<I  after  spending  some  weeks  here  drinking 
'*;  medicinal  waters,  lie  was  cured.    The  water  rises  in  a  cylindrical 

vv 


: 


r 


i:  ■' 


1  ^  I 


1' 

I 


h 


r' 


;»,: 


m 


^fi 


»     I 


li 


054     /luute  5S. 


SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 


opening  in  a  rock  of  conical  shape,  3^  ft.  liigli  anrl  24  ft.  around, —a 
natunil  curb  of  tufa  wliicli  has  been  formed  by  the  mineral  depobits  from 
tlie  spring.     Tlie  water  is  decidedly  saline  to  the  taste. 

The  Star  Spring  (formerly  called  tlie  Iodine)  is  near  the  High  llnck. 
This  is  the  favorite  mineral  water  in  New  England,  and  vast  (luaiititiesof 
it  are  shipped  in  kegs  and  l)ottles.  It  is  cathartic  in  effect,  and  acid  in 
taste,  and  is  heueticial  for  rheumatism  and  cutaneous  diseases. 

The  Empire  Spring  is  N.  of  the  Star  (at  the  head  of  Circular  St.).  it 
very  much  resembles  the  Congress  water  in  its  constituents  and  itlV(t> 
(cathartic).  The  R.ed  Sprimj  is  just  beyond  the  Empire  (on  Sprhig  Aw.i 
This  water  is  chieliy  (and  extensively)  used  as  awash,  and  .  especially 
ellicucious  in  diseases  of  the  .skin  and  tlie  blood.  Dy.spepsia  is  beucliU'il, 
and  salt  rheum  is  cured  by  this  agency.  The  "  A  "  Spring  (on  Spring 
Ave.,  beyond  the  Red)  is  l)econiing  popular  as  a  cathartic  agent,  hiiving, 
moreover,  a  pleasant  taste. 

The  Excelsior  Spring  is  nearly  2  M.  N.  E  of  Congress  Park,  and  is 
readied  by  Si)i:Mg  Ave.,  or  by  a  forest-path  tuniing  off  from  Lake  Ave., 
and  leading  through  beautiful  woodland  scenery.  The  Excelsior  water  is 
pleasant  to  the  taste,  and  mildly  cathartic  in  its  operations.  Near  tliis 
place  are  the  Minnehaha,  Union,  and  other  sources,  forming  a  group  calleii 
tlie  Ten  Springs.  The  Eureka  Spring  is  reached  by  following  the  park- 
like  valley  for  a  few  rods  beyond  the  Excelsior.  It  is  situated  aniil 
charming  forest  scenery,  and  is  gaining  popularity  as  a  cathartic  agent, 
beneficial  for  cases  of  dyspepsia,  and  liver  and  stomach  diseases.  Near 
this  place  is  the  Eureka  White  Sulphur  Si)ring,  with  a  copious  flow  of 
water  charged  with  sulphuretted  hydrogen.  This  is  one  of  the  best  hepatic 
springs  in  the  State,  and  is  efficient  in  many  affections  of  the  glands,  skin, 
stomach,  &c.  It  is  taken  internally  and  externally, — the  latter  at  tlie 
bath-houses  (50  c.  a  l)ath)  in  the  vicinity.  Hourly  stages  run  from  the 
great  hotels  to  the  Eureka  Sjirings. 

The  Glacier  Spouting  Spring  is  1  M.  S.  of  the  village,  near  the  Calls- 1 
ton  road.     It  was  discovered  in  1871  by  sinking  an  artesian  well,  300  ft. 
deep,  to  the  Trenton  limestone  stratum,     TUe   proportion  of  iuiiioraI| 
constituents  in  this  water  is  very  large,  and  it  is  a  powerful  cathartio, 
beneficial  also  in  diseases  of  the  kidneys  and  liver. 

The  Geyser  Spouting  Spring  is  not  far  from  the  Glacier,  near  the 
Ballston  road  and  the  railroad.     It  was  discovered  in  1870  by  boring 
well  140  ft.  deep,  and  the  water  jets  up  for  over  25  ft.,  being  iniiielleil 
carbonic-aoid  gas.     This  is  the  coldest  of  the  waters  of  Saratoga,  and 
a  larger  amount  of  mineral  matter  than  any  other.    It  is  strongly  cathartic 
and  is  lively  and  pleasant  to  the  taste.     Between  the  Glacier  and  thj 
Geyser  is  the  Ellis  Spring  (chalybeate). 

Saratoga  Lake  is  about  4  M.  from  tlie  village,  and  is  reached  !»  ti 


''^''e  Kens.sel| 
'^■'r^fmnrt  an.f 
""TJacewasI 
'""""enceofaf 
r'22  ft.  thiol 

,^''«?^.,and, 
"'^•'•'Ivanceof 


.  around, —  a 

(lepobits  from 

le  Higli  Rock, 
st  (iuantilH'^"f 
•ct,  and  acid  in 
ases. 

irculav  St.).  It 
ents  and  et^iU 
[on  Bpriuir  Avi.' 
md  -  especially 
psia  is  beiu'liU'il, 
prm£^  (on  Sprii.g 
tic  agent,  luiviug, 

jress  Park,  and  is 
from  Lake  Ave., 
Excelsior  watev  is 
•ations.     Near  tins 
inng  a  gvoup  callM 
•oUowiug  the  p^vls- 
t  is  situated  ami'l 
a  cat\iartic  agent,  | 
tch  diseases.    >'«•« 
,  a  copious  rtoNV  of 

leofthebestlitT*-. 
of  tlie  glands,  skin,  I 
-the  latter  at  llie I 

:tagesrun  from  the 

llac^e,neavtl.eralb- 
'lrtes;an^veU.300ft. 

.portion  of  i"i"^"l 
po^verful  cathartic, 

L  Glacier,  iieartliel 

lin  1870  by  hovin? ' 

k,  being  imr^llf  1 

■  of  Saratoga,  and  ^ 

,  is  strongly catha^i 
the  Glacier  and  t&i 

,nd  is  readied  liy^l 


SARATOGA  SPRINGS.  Route  53.      355 

favorite  drive  called  the  Boulevard  (entered  by  following  the  street  which 
lies  between  Conj^rcss  Hall  and  the  Park).  This  road  passes  near  tlie 
raoti-course  and  the  trout-ponds.  Saratoga  Lake  is  8  M.  long  and  2-3  IM. 
wide,  and  furnishes  good  lisiiing  and  boating.  Tlie  scenery  is  tame, 
although  the  views  from  Chapman's  Hill  (1  IV[.  from  the  Lake  House) 
and  Wagman's  Hill  are  j)leasing.  Luke  Lovtly  is  a  sequestered  pond 
amnnu;  the  hills  near  the  Boulevard.  It  is  a  favorite  place  for  picnics,  and 
has  some  fine  woodland  scenery. 

Lake  Lnzerne  is  22  M.  N.  of  Saratoga  (by  the  Adirondack  Railroad),  and 
is  a  jjicturesque  sheet  of  water  with  two  good  hotels  (Rockwell's  and  tlie 
Wayside).  The  railroad  e.'chibits  some  remarkable  engineering  and  steadily 
risiiii,'  grades,  while  the  lake  affords  good  fishing  and  boating.  Stages  run 
from  Luzerne  to  Caldwell  (10  M.). 

The  battle  of  Stillwater  was  fought  on  Beniis  Heights,  about  15  M.  S.  E.  of  the 

Sjiriii^'s,  and  2  M.  froiu  tlic  Hudson  River.    Gen.  Buigoyne  marched  south  from 

Canada  in  June,   1777,   with  a  well-appointed  British  army,  strengthened  by 

Geniian,   Canadian,  and  Indian  auxiliaries.     This  force  was  to  lueet  another 

British  aiiny  advancing  from  New  York,  somewhere  on  the  hue  of  the  Hudson, 

ami  tl,  's  cut  tlie  rebellious  colonies  in  two,  to  be  subdued  iu  detail.     Burgoyne 

took  To. t  Ticonderoga,  July  (>,  and  lost  a  large  detachment  of  his  best  German 

tronps,  who  were  cut  off  by  the  Vermonters  at  Bennington,  Aug.  16.    On  Sept. 

14  tlie  British  crossed  the  Hudson  and  encamped  at  Saratoga,  near  the  Americaa 

army.    Burgoyne  made  an  attack  the  next  day  on  the  lines  at  Bemis'  Heights, 

wliiih  had  been  fortilied  by  Kosciuszko,  but  after  a  long  and  indecisive  battle,  was 

fimcil  to  sHsjiend  his  southward  manh.     He  I'ortitied  his  camp,  and  waited  for  Sir 

Homy  Clinton's  army  to  achieve  its  northward  march  and  rescue  him.     His  snp- 

jilies  and  outposts  were  cut  off  daily,  and,  on  October  7,  ho  advanced  for  another 

liattk'.     Morgan's  Virginians  attacked   his  right,  the  Sth,  9th,  and  10th  Mass. 

umkr  Gen.  Poor,  were  led  against  his  left,  while  other  tri)Oi)s  fell  on  his  front. 

Tlie  British  retreated,  leaving  their  artillery,  and  the  Americans  stormed  the 

fiutitieil  camp  after  desperate  fighting.     Burgoyne  fell  back  ou  his  old  camps  by 

Fisii  Creek,  but  Gen.  Fellows,  with  a  New  Kngland  brigade  and  batteries,  prcvent- 

eil  ills  crossing  the  river,  while  Gates  with  12,000  Continental  troojjs  and  New 

Yiiik  militia  faced  him  ou  the  S.     His  provisions  gave  out,  the  camp  was  inces- 

i^aiitly  cannonaded  by  the  American  batteries,  and  Clinton's  army  bad  failed  to 

(fiiiia-i't,  so,  ou  Oct.  16,  the  British  army,  consisting  of  5,701  men,  with  42  can- 

nnii,  and  all  their  stores,  surrendered  to  Gen.  Gates.     They  were  held  as  ('aptives 

until  till-  close  of  the  war  (over  5  years),  first  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  afterward 

at  Charlottesville,  Va. 


The  Rensselaer  and  Saratoga  Railroad  rtins  N.  E.  from  Saratoga,  by 
'kmawnrt  and  Morcau  to  Fort  Edward,  on  the  Hudson  (two  hotels). 
[This  place  was  fortified  in  1709,  and  in  1755  Fort  Edward  was  built  at  the 
confluence  of  a  broad  creek  with  the  river.  The  ramparts  were  16  ft.  high 
Uiid22  ft.  thick,  and  were  provided  with  4  bastions  and  bordered  by  a 
IWhvct  ditch.  It  was  a  very  important  station  on  tlie  old  military  road 
hothe  N.,  and  in  1777  was  held  by  5,500  Americans,  who  retired  before 
jtlie  advance  of  Burgoyne.     About  this  time  the  beautiful  Jane  McRea  was 


r: 
1 


'■  ■'3 


m 


■■•Al 


\\. 


k:  V:. 
■  ■  1 1 


•1 


I. 


5i 


i 

1/  ! 

•     I 

i    ;v, '>.:•;!, 

ji 

•I 


^'i  f 


V,i  . 


H    (■ 


i. 


m- 


356    Route  63. 


SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 


murdered  by  Indians,  near  the  village,  \inder  circnmstances  which  have 
caused  her  story  to  become  one  of  the  saddest  in  the  New  World  history. 

Passengers  who  wish  to  go  to  Lake  Clinniplain  direct,  rontinue  on  the  train  tnr 
20  M.  farther,  ])assini-r  i\\  the  valley  of  Wood  t'reek  to  Wldteludl.  In  k"'"^'  tnwaivj 
Whitehall  the  Fort  /  n'.  Mts.  are  seen  on  the  1.,  and  the  course  of  the  C'haiiipliin 
Canal  is  followed.  >\it  Ann  Villaf,'e  is  on  the  site  of  an  old  eolonjul  fort,  ni.ir 
which  Putnam  and  5()(»  Hangers  were  defeated  by  the  French  jiartLsan  Jlol.ni^r,  with 
n  large  French  and  Indian  force.  The  Rangers  suffered  feaifully,  and  Putnam  w;i» 
capti  d.  In  ^"  7  tin  Americans  attacked  the  t>th  hne  regiment  of  the  Hntish 
army,  >  i  r  o  now  traversed  by  the  railroad  (J  M.  N.  of  the  .station).  Imt  .itter 
an  ob:  .  ;  ■  \./agenient  the  assailants  were  forced  to  withdraw.  Wtiiteliall 
{Hall's  . '  .'  .:  ■  ;•  Tosperons  lumbering  village,  situated  in  a  rugged  ravine  uiKlir 
Skene's  .    '  s  settled  by  Col.  Pliilip  Skene  in  I7().'j,  and  a  large  stone  iii.iii- 

nion  and  i..-  iiary  V" '  s  were  erected.  It  was  cai>tui'ed  by  Herrick  and  the  (hveii 
Mt.  Boys  in  \nf>,  a.  1779  was  confiscated  by  the  State  of  New  York,  on  m- 

count  of  Skene's  adhesion  to  the  king,  the  British  fleet  here  enij:n.;((l  the 
Americans  flying  from  Ticonderoga,  July  7,  1777,  destroyed  several  gallc\s,  jiinl 
look  128  cannon  and  a  vast  amount  of  supjjlies.  Tiie  name  of  "  Whitehall "  wns 
.adopted  in  place  Oi  Skenesborough,  and  in  1812  ihe  ])laee  was  well  fortilicd.  In 
1S14  ]Macdoiu)Ugh's  fleet,  with  the  British  s(iuadvon  which  it  liad  taken  in  the 
'iaval  l)attleat  Plattsburg,  came  to  this  ])oint,  ann  here  the  "Saratoga,"  "Con- 
i..inee,"  and  other  vessels  sunk  at  their  nnmrings.  Wiiitehall  is  24  M.  from  Fort 
Tijonderoga  (by  tlie  lake).     Whitehall  to  Rutland,  see  Route  28. 

Passengers  for  Lake  George  change  cans  at  Fort  Edwiinl,  and  take  a 
train  vvliich  passes  over  a  branch  railroad  to  (Hens  Falls  (6  M.),  a  flonrisli- 
iiig  factory-village  with  about  8,000  inhabitants,  which  has  but  laUly 
recovered  from  a  fire  which  utterly  destroyed  it  (in  1863).  The  Hr.dsoii 
.  re  falls  .TO -60  ft,  over  a  long  and  rugged  ledge,  while  the  State  lias 
built  a  great  dam  above,  which  feeds  the  Cliamplaiu  Canal.  The  islaiil 
below  the  falls  is  associated  with  Cooper's  "  Last  of  the  Mohicans." 
"  Here,  amid  the  roaring  of  this  very  cataract,  if  romance  maybe  behevtii, 
the  voice  of  Unca.s,  the  last  of  the  Mohicans,  was  heard  and  beetled  ;  here 
Hawk-Eye  kept  his  vigils  ;  here  David  breathed  his  nasal  melody,"  kc 

Trains  run  from  Glens  Falls  to  Caldwell,  9  M.  N.     About  5  M.  beyond  tlie  vil 
lage  the  road  passes  near  Williams's  Rock,  a  large  boulder  which  nidrks  tlio  stciie  I 
of  "The  Bloody  Morning-Scout."    On  Sept.  7,  1755,  when  the  French  luiiiyof 
Dieskau  was  marching  down  from   Crown  Point  against  the  Anglo-colonial  ariiiyl 
under  Gen.  Johnson,  Col.  Rphraim  Williams  was  sent  out  with  1,200  men  to  en-, 
gage  the  French  van-guard!     200  of  his  men  were  Mohawk  Indians,  unil(rtlie| 
command  of  their  noble    white-haired  chief,   Ilendrick.     The  tletachintiit 
vanced  into  tin;  very  centre  of  the  invading  army  (which  was  marching  in  a  gwj 
liall'-moon  cm      i,  and  was  speedily  enveloped  and  crushed  by  the  enemy.    A  terd 
rihle  ma.ssacii  ensued  (in  a  ravine  still  called  the  Bloody  Defile),  and  Wiilifinul 
(the  founder  of  Williams  College)  and  Ilendrick  fell,  with  most  of  their  niPfi.  lj'*j 
bodies  of  the  slain  were  thrown  into  Bloody  Pond,  a  quiet  pool  in  a  glen  m.ir^^ilj 
liams's  Rock.     Dieskau  then  advanced  rapidly  toattack  the  colonial  campat  Lik«l 
George.     Johnson  had  fortified  his  i)osition,  and  tne  Indian  and  Canadian  aiixJ-l 
iaries  in  the  attacking  force  were  soon  i)nt  to  flight  by  the  tire  of  the  latttr-sJ 
while  the  French  regulars  suffered  heavily,  and  were  finally  re])ulsed  with  tlielnsr 
of  700  killed  and  wounded.    Dieskau  w;vs  wounde  \  and  made  ]>risoner,  whili'  J'*" 
son,  tliough  wounded,  was  made  a  baronet  of  Great  Britain,  and  leccivcil 
thanks  of  Parliament.     Fort  William  Henry  was  soon  afterwards  erected,  aiiiifj 
with  42  cannon,  stored  with  vast  snpi)lies,  and  garrisoned  by  2,.')00  men.    I"  ^^ 
gust,  17.')7,  this  fort  was  beleaguered  by  10,000  Frenchmen  and  Canailians,  "'"'l 
tilt  Mar(iuis<le  Montcalm.  After  a  siege  ofseveral  days' duration,  having  received' 
aiil  from  the  colonial  army  at  l-'oit  Edward,  the  I'ort  was  surrendered.     Ah^oi; 


!   W 


lltc;i 


I  C( 


LAKE  GEORGE. 


Route  53.     357 


s  which  have 
rorh\  history. 

on  the  train  for 
In  «n>"-  ^'^^'"^'' 
■  tl\i'  C\unni>l:>'n 
.loniiil  tort.iu;:ir 
5„n  Molaii^:.  with 
and  I'ntniun  \viw 
,♦  of  tlie  Hnt'.sh 

,tatin..v  b'"  ;'^^; 

„re(l  riivu.c  mi»l>  r 
'vn-e  stoiH'  "'■'"■ 
•,1.\CmA  tt.e  (ir«u 
>;ew  York,  on  m- 
i,,,V('  on'j;n':,i'l  tW 
.....nil  «!>l\t'vs.  au'l 

'.'\viute.t.aU"wf 

,v,.U  f.ntiluMl.     11 

is  24  M.  t'l-om  b'lit 

28. 

^ward,  and  take  a 

ioh  has  hut  lately 
i63)     The  Hv.dson  | 
,hUe  the  State  \^^^ 
[•anal.     The  isbivl 

of  the  Mohicmis 
Icemaybehfliev.l, 

d  ami  heeded  ;kve  I 
Isal  melody,"  -^^^' 
I  .;  M  \iev<iti'l  ^^'^  ^^' 

Inostoftheu   '     ;^.^Vi,l. 
■^  colonial  (^>i;\y 

■e  tire  ot  t»P,.^  tUeH 

»le  prison  M,^;.^„l  J 
Britain  and  1  ,J 

■erwards  erecu        ^.^ 

^fction,  ii"^'V''    I, 
■lurrendered.     ^^ 


ilip  disarmed  Karrlann  niardird  out,  tlie  Indian  allies  of  Montcalm  Ml  fnrionsly 
t;jHiM  tliiiii,  anil  a  feart'nl  massacre  ensued.  Hundrcdsof  tlieiU'fencelcss  culoniala 
\v'iri<  [lilt  to  dcith  under  the  walls  of  the  fort  before  the  slaujihter  ciiidd  W  stayed. 
Aitlidii^h  iMoiitcalm  retired  to  Fort  l.'arillou  ('riconderoija)  with  his  tropldes  ami 
OMiitiUL'd  batteries,  the  site  of  Fort  William  llcury  was  never  ro-()(cui)icd,  a  new 
Hiiik  called  Fort  George,  with  a  central  citadel  ofstom;,  having  been  built  1  M.  S. 
K.  of  the  old  fort. 

Caldwell  is  a  dull  village  at  the  S.  end  of  Lake  George,  which  enjoys  a 
slic;lit  local  distinction  from  the  fact  of  its  heing  the  sliire-town  of  Warren 
Cmiiity.  There  are  two  small  inns  here,  and  the  Lake  House  (acconimo- 
ilatiiig  175 guests,  at  §3-3.50  a  day).  Tiie  *  luivt  William  llcnry  Hotel 
is  a  vast  and  sumptuous  house,  on  the  site  of  the  old  fort,  and  amiil  finely 
;iiTaiif,'e(l  grounds.  It  accommodates  1,*J()0  guests,  and  charges  S5.00  a 
iby  lor  transient  visitors.  The  splendid  l'rontag(!  of  the  liotel  look  muI 
over  tlic  lake,  which  is  close  at  haml.  Some  remnants  of  the  old  fort  may 
lie  found  here,  and  Fort  George  (1  M.  distant)  is  a  i)ict\ires(|Ut  '•uin. 
I'uittlesiiake  Cobble  i.s  an  easily  ascended  hil  near  Caldwell,  which  com- 
niaiuls  a  broad  view  down  the  lake.  Prospect  and  French  Mts.  are  Iso 
ascended  from  the  village,  and  give  varying  views  of  the  lake  and  its 
shores, 

Stac'es  run  from  Caldwell  to  Lake  Luzerne  ;  also  to  Warrensburg, 
1  Chester,  Schroon  Lake,  and  the  southern  Adirondacks. 

Lake   George 

Ums  fii-st  visited  by  Father  Jogues,  a  French  Jesuit  missionary,  whose  eanoo  en- 
titl  iis  ((iiiet  waters  on  the  eve  of  the  festival  of  Corpus  Christi,  1G4H.  In  honor 
InftliatsMired  anniversary  he  named  tliese  l)right  waters  "  Le  Lac  da  St.  8acre- 
liiitiit'd'he  Lake  of  the  Holy  Sacrament),  and  then  passed  on  toaheroii;  martyr- 
U'lu  at  the  liamla  of  the  Mohawks,  fnltilliiig  the  i)rophecy  which  he  had  made 
h\\n\  leaving  Montreal,  "  Ibo,  ne<!  redibo."  For  a  century  the  lake  was  known  in 
|the  liDiilcr  chr()ni(des  as  the  jiatli  of  hostile  incursions  or  of  religious  devotee.s 
[ici-siii^'  to  the  land  of  the  fierce  Mohawks.  Conrcelles,  Tracy,  Siduiyler,  Menteth, 
•Fiencli,  l)ut(!li,  Indians,  English,  fliversified  the  record.  In  174(i  Sir  William 
pdhnson  coiududed  a  league  witii  the  northern  Indians,  on  the  shores  of  St.  Sac- 
fineiit,  and  in  \l^ib  he  led  an  army  to  the  lake,  and  named  it  Lake  George,  "  not 
piilyin  liDiior  of  his  Majesty,  Imt'to  ascertain  his  imdoubted  dominion."  (This 
biie  is  growing  more  and  more  out  of  favor  year  by  year,  and  most  jieople  woidd 
MtTeitlior  the  French  "St.  Sacrement,"  or  the  Indian  "  Iloricon,"  —  meaning 
rJilvery  Waters," — suggested  by  Cooper.)  Johnson's  force  was  soon  juenaced 
ly -,000  Frenchmen  an(l  Indians  under  the  Saron  Uieskau,  l)ut  "the  Bloody 
Tlf'niin^'  Scout "  was  followed  by  a  total  defeat  of  the  invading  force,  in  which  the 
pnc'h  regulars  were  nearly  amiihilated.  Fort  Wi'liam  Henry  was  built  soon  af- 
ff.  «n(l  Rogers  and  Putnam,  with  their  hardy  Rangers,  scouted  over  the  lake  to- 
wl  the  French  fortress  at  Ticonderoga.  In  March,  11^)1,  Rigaud  destroyed  300 
Misli  hattjaux  and  seveial  sloops  near  FortWil'.iam  Ilem-y,  and  in  August  the 
pr'inisde  Monbralm  passed  down  the  lake  with  G,000  men  in  1)oat3  and  3,000 
Viiiimn  iiing  on  the  W.  shore.  After  picketing  the  southern  roads,  Montcalm 
^"•^'l  ii  cannonade  on  the  fort  from  batteries  ne.ar  the  prescit  Mil<»  of  the  Lake 
l^'ise,  and  soon  eomi»elled  its  surrender.  After  the  ensuing  massacre  of  the  dis- 
til irarvison,  the  fort  was  destroyed.  But  the  most  imposing  spectacles  which 
fs,  or  any  other  Americian  lake,  has  seen,  occiu-rcd  in  1758  and  17.59.  In  the 
Tiller  year,  Gen.  Abercrombie  aih'anced  up  tlie  lake  with  10,000  men,  in  900 
piuxand  190  whale-l)oats,  convoyed  by  gunboats,  all  brilliant  wiin  rich  uni- 
^11'  and  waving  banners,  while  the  music  of  numerous  regimental  bands  echoed 


!il!i 


1 1  M 

Mr 


i  'w 


V 

t 


it 


■:m-'X 


':fm 


i-'t^ 


v 


■'■  li: 


m 


3/58    lioufe  53. 


LAKE  GEORGE. 


among  the  hilla.  (This  pageant  is  finely  described  by  Cooi»er,  In  "  Satausto.'," 
Chapters  XXII.  -  XXV.)  A  lew  days  later  the  siintteied  and  defeated  aiiiiy  pus^e.! 
up  the  lake  to  Fort  William  Henry,  having  left  over  2,000  of  their  numlit  i  iic,,,! 
and  <lying  under  the  walls  of  Fort  Carillon  (Ticondero^'a).  In  17ii8  Gen.  Ainliorst 
led  11,000  men  in  anotlier  grand  martial  ]>ro('essi()U(li)wn  the  lake,  and  this  iiuiivh 
ended  in  tlie  (Jomiiiest  of  Ciinada.  In  111-)  tlie  abandoned  Forts  George  ami  Gage 
(at  Ciddwell)  were  occnitied  by  New  York  militia,  and  afterwards  by  a  dctadi- 
nient  from  Hinman's  Coini.  Reg.,  and  Ijy  Col.  Van  Si:iiai(.'k's  N.  Y.  Reg.  In  the 
BumnuT  of  1777  Fort  George  was  ehosen  as  tlie  army  liospital,  on  account  (if  its 
salubrity,  and  3,000  sick  men  were  sent  here.  Hundreds  died  of  tlie  siimll  jxix 
and  typiius-fever,  and  among  them  was  the  Baron  tie  Woedtke,  a  Priissiiiii  ik  lilt> 
who  liad. just  accepted  a  general's  commission.  In  1777.  after  the  (all  of  Ti(o!i. 
deroga,  Fort  George  and  the  lake  were  abandoned  by  tlie  Americans,  but  wnv  P'- 
occupied  after  Burgoyne's  surrender.  In  October,  1780,  tlie  garrisfin  of  Fnrt 
George  was  defeated  and  cut  to  i^eces,  near  Bloody  Tond,  and  the  fort  iiml  the 
fleet  on  the  lake  were  taken  by  the  British.  Since  that  day,  peace  has  dwtlt  on 
these  tranipiil  waters. 

Lake  George,  "the  Como  of  America,"  issitiiatcfl  in  Northeastern  New 
York,  near  the  Adirondack  Mts.,  and  i.s  about  300  ft.  above  the  sea.  It 
is  36  M.  long,  and  1  -  4  M.  wide,  and  its  shores  are  generally  sterile  and 
fringed  with  lofty  and  abrupt  hills.  There  are  \  ut  three  petty  villages 
on  the  lake,  and  a  highway  passes  through  them  on  the  W.  shore,  con- 
necting Caldwell  with  Bolton,  Hague,  and  Ticonderoga.  The  vicinity  of 
frowning  mts.,  the  great  number  of  islands,  the  transparency  of  the  waters, 
and  the  bracing  purity  of  the  air  of  the  highlands,  unite  to  incrca.se  the 
claims  of  Lake  George  as  a  summer-resort,  while  its  scenery  has  lieeii  lik- 
ened not  only  to  that  of  Como,  but  also  to  Lake  Windermere  and  Loch 
Katrine. 

The  steamer  "  Minnehaha"  leaves  Caldwell  every  morning,  and  runs  to 
the  N.  end  of  the  lake,  returning  in  the  afternoon.  The  steamer  "  Ga- 
nouskie  "  makes  daily  trips  between  Caldwell,  Bolton,  and  14-Mile  Island 

The  steamer  leaves  its  pier  (at  the  great  hotel)  and  crosses  to  Croshj/sidt,  I 
on  the  E.  shore,  with  a  large  hotel  .situated  in  jileasant  groves  by  the 
shore,  and  looking  across  to  Caldwell.  French  Mt.  towers  to  the  E,,  andj 
is  covered  with  forests.  Tea  Island  (so  named  from  a  tea-house,  or  arbor,  i 
erected  in  1828)  is  next  passed,  1  M.  from  Caldwell,  and  then  Diaimndl 
Island  is  approached,  1^  M,  beyond.  The  name  is  derived  from  the  beaii-j 
tiful  quartz  crystals  which  are  found  here,  and  the  place  was  iuliabiteill 
in  the  early  part  of  this  century,  — the  mistress  of  the  family  being  gen-j 
erally  known  as  "the  Lady  of  the  Lake."  Diamond  Island  was  fortifiel 
by  Burgoyne  in  1777,  and  was  garrisoned  by  part  of  the  47th  line  regij 
ment  under  Capt.  Aubrey.  It  was  attacked  by  Col.  John  Brown,  withf 
the  New  England  militia  who  had  swept  the  outworks  of  Ticonderoga, 
but  Aixbrey  repulsed  the  Americans  with  artillery,  and  then  drove  tlied 
away  ("with  great  loss")  by  an  attack  with  his  gunboats.  Bro\\-n  M 
all  his  vessels  and  cannon,  and  many  men.  Dunham's  Bay  and  M<m 
calm's  Bay  are  passed  on  the  E.,  the  latter  being  beyond  Long  Islai4 
which  is  passed  on  the  E.  (with  the  Three  Sisters  islets  ou  the  W.).   Tl* 


In  "  Satnustfw," 
lutcil  iiviiiy  I'lisM-'l 
iciv  mniiliti'  iliii'l 
i"  j8  Gen.  Amlicrst 

e,  and  this  iimirh 
i  George  au'l  (iiit;« 
rards  Viy  a  'Utiwh- 

[.  Y.  nc'i-  i>'  ti"" 

on  acconut  ot  it* 
[  of  the  suiiiU  I'ox 
a  Pnissiaii  w  Mi' 
'the  lall  of  Tic'iu- 
■icnns.  but  v(;r(_r>'- 

f.  carvisDU  nl  F"rt 
cl  the  fovt  mill  tlic 
icace  has  dwiU  mi 

t^ortheasteni  New 
.bove  the  soa.  U 
ucraUy  sterile  and 
liree  petty  villa!:« 
,lie  W.  sliovc,  cmv 
I.  The  vicinity  of 
rency  of  the,  waters, 

ite  to  increase  the 
jeiiery  has  heeii  lik- 
idermere  ami  LoA 

lorning,  andvumto 
The  steamer  "  Ga- 
and  14-Mile  Isbni 

,osse3  to  Cro.s/*FiJ^ 

isant  groves  bytk 

>wersto  theE.,aui 

,  tea-house,  or  arbor, 

and  then  Dianmi\ 
rived  from  the  kau- 
.lace  vfas  iuLaWte^l 
le  family  heiugg^n 
Island  was  fortifiei^ 
the  47th  line  re?ij 
,  John  Brown,  ^vitlif 
,rk8  of  Ticonderor 
,ud  then  drove  tW 
inboats.     Bro^^•nH 
,am's  Bay  and  3  j 

beyond  Long  1^^'^^ 
'.etsoutheW.)'    ^'1 


LAKE  GEORGE. 


Route  53.     359 


Trout  Pavilion  is  a  sequestered  hotel  ahove  Montcalm's  Bay,  near  the 
best  fisliing-gronnds,  and  frequented  by  fi.slicrnien,     Tlio  Fort  Ann  Mts, 
loom  np  darkly  on  the  E.  as  the  steamer  crosses  the  lake,  with  the  Three 
Brotliers  on  the  W.,  and  Dome  and  Recluse  Islands  on  the  N.     This  is 
the  broadest  pari  of  the  lake,  and  affords  views  of  rare  heauty,  with  the 
graceful  Ihyine  Island  (which   M'scnd)k's  Ellen's  Isle,  in  Loch   Katrine) 
prominently  seen.      Recluse  IsliDid  is  a  beautiful  spot  just  W.  of  the 
Doiiif,  with  a  cheerful  sunmior-villa  embowered  among  trees.    This  island 
has  tiie  remains  of  fortifications  which  were  built  hy  Abercronibie's  army 
in  IT'tS,  while  the  views  from  its  N.  and  E.  shores  are  exipiisitely  beauti- 
ful.   The  steamer  now  rounds  in  at  Bolton,  a  small  village  with  a  noble 
outlook  over  the  broadest  exjianse  of  the  lake.     There  are  two  laige  and 
cninfortable  family  hotels  here,  and  in  the  environs  of  the  village  is  the 
(luaiiit  old  stone  Church  of  St.  Sacrament.     The  terms  at  the  Mohican 
House  (directly  on  the  shore)  are  low,  and  the  accommodations  are  good. 
Prospect  Mt.  is  back  of  the  village,  and  commands  a  broad  an<l  delight- 
ful view,   embracing    the  widest   part   of    the    lake,    Montcalm's    and 
Ganouskie  (or  Northwest)  Bays,  Recluse,  Dome,  and  Green  Ids.  and  the 
Narrows,  and  Tongue  and  Black  Mts.  in  the  N.   and  N.  E.     Ganouskie 
Bay  extends  for  6  M.  to  the  N.  .above  Bolton,  being  separated  from  the 
lake  by  the  lofty  promontory  of  Tongue  Mt.,  yfYi^r^  deer  abound  in  the 
late  fall  and  winter.     As  the  boat  leaves  Bolton,  Parmli  (or  Sloop)  Island 
is  ;iassL'd  on  the  1.  (so  named  because  the  singer,  Signora  Parodi,  erected 
across  here  in  1851).     On  the  N.  are  Green  and  Hog  Islands,  closing  the 
Hitranee  to  Ganouskie  Bay,  while  Tongue  Mt.  is  on  the  W.  and  Black 
.1/^  on  the  E.,  as  the  steamer  crosses  toward  the  lofty  palisades  called 
Shelving  Rock,  with  the  innumerable  islands  of  the  Narrows  on  the  1. 
[  U-MUc.  Island  is  just  W.  of  Shelving  Rock,  and  has  a  neat  hotel,  which 
'  nuich  visited  by  city  gentlemen  for  the  sake  of  the  fishing  in  the  vicinity. 
I  The  Shelving  Rock  Fall  is  about  1  M.  S.  of  the  hotel  (on  the  mainland), 
amlis a  small  and  graceful  cascade.     The  island  is  14  M.  from  Caldwell, 
and  the  little  hotel  charges  .$2 -2.  .50  a  day  for  board  (.$10-14.00  a 
week).    The  steamer  now  enters  the  Narrows,  where  the  lake  is  contracte<l 
between  high  mts.,  and  a  fleet  of  small  islands  is  anchored  in  the  channel. 
Tliese  islets  were  the  scene  of  numerous  combats  in  the  colonial  <lays,  but 
aieuow  deserted,  save  for  the  visits  of  sportsmen,  who  find  large  trout  in 
their  cool  shadows.     Steaming  dovm  between  Tongue  Mt.  and  Black  Mt. 
1(2,878  ft.  high  ;  sometimes  ascended  with  guides,  for  the  sake  of  its  view) 
[tlie "  Minnehaha  "  passes  the  Hen  and  Chickens,  Hatchet,  Half-Way,  and 
jFloating  Battery  Islands,  with  the  N.  peaks  of  Black  Mt. ,  called  variously, 
jBephant's  Ridge  or  Sugar  Loaf.    Just  N.  of  the  FloaMng  Battery  group 
|i>  Vicar's  Island,  with  the  palisades  of  Buck  Mt.  on  the  W.,  and  the 
Ibilfct  of  Dresden  seen  down  Bosom  Bay,  on  the  E.     Sabbath  Day  Point 


%\ 


;  !••   1 


\% 


300    nnute  5S. 


LAKE  OEOROR 


i '    \h. 


'"A^h 


is  soon  approached  (on  the  W. ),  —a  long,  low  promontory  running  ont 
from  ricli  meadows  and  still  retaining  tlie  air  of  peace  and  restfiilncsj 
which  won  it  the  name  it  hears. 

In  17ft7  fi  sharp  Rkirniisli  oppturpd  at  ITarhor  Islnnd,  off  tills  Point,  nn'1  In  July 
of  lliat  year  tlio  1st  New  .Jersey  re;;iiiieiit  was  sent  on  a  Heoiit  down  the  laNc.  lie 
Carliiereaml  4(i0  Frenclinieii  and  Indians  ainl)nslied  the  Jersey  Ulnes  in  the  ardn- 
j)elaj,'o  off  tlie  I'oint,  an<l  defeated  them  witli  n'''*!'t  Nhin},'hter.  l;U  o|'  He 
AnKi'ieans  were  kiUed,  \Z  escaped,  and  180  wen;  made  jtrisoners,  many  of  wli  m 
were  imttodcath  with  horrihU?  tortnros.  On  the  oveninK  of  .Iidy  ■'),  17.18,  the  van- 
guard and  centre  of  Ahercrombie's  ^rand  army  (liKlit  infantry  and  rciiliM 
rested  on  Hal>hath  I>ay  I'oint  Ironi  sunset  until  near  midnight,  waiting  tuitl* 
tliree  l>ri;,'ades  of  I'rovincials  and  the  artillery  to  come  \\\\.  In  1777  a  siiiir|i  mv 
flict  took  jilace  here  between  American  militi.i  and  Tories,  and  during  the  jiroMut 
century  immcc  ims  settled  alon.^  these  shore.H,  althou;,')i  the  connnoniilact!  fariU' 
houses  on  tin-  I'oint  have  marred  the  natural  btimty  of  the  place. 

The  vast  bulk  of  Black  Mt.  is  prominent  in  the  S.  E.,  as  the  "Miiin^ 
haha  "  nins  N.  to  the  village  of  Ildfinc,  situated  on  u   v/idoning  of  tli. 
lake,  where  it  is  4  M.  across,     Garfield's  is  a  favorite  hotel  at  Ha^'ue,  anl 
from  this  point  parties  go  to  the  lakes  (ahoiuiding  in  fish),  of  Pharaoh  {Y.\ 
M.  N.  W  ),  Brant,  and  Scliroon.     As  the  steamer  gains  tiie  middle  of  tU 
lake  again,  the  prospect  of  the  pass  between  Rogers'  Slide  and  Antliony'<| 
Nose,  and  the  retrospect  of  the  Narrows  and  its   i.slandflotilla  alfori 
delightful  views.     Friends'  Point  and  Islands  are  passed  on  the  W.,  anl 
then  Anthony's  Nose  (on  the  N.  E. )  pushes  out  its  rocky  ledges  over  t!ii| 
deepest  water  in  the  lake  (400  ft.).     Rofjcrs'  Slide  is  on  the  W.  sliorej 
and  the  new  Rogers'-Rock  House  is  at  its  b.ase. 

There  is  a  IcRcnd  to  the  effect  that  Major  Robert  Ropers  (the  chief  of  tkJ 
Rniirers,  and  afterwards  a  dangerous  Tory  officer)  was  chased  to  the  ver;.'e  of  tlii 
cliff  by  Indians  (in  the  winter  of  175S).  Suddenly  reversinj;  his  snow-sli(ies,  ,im 
throwiu",' his  ha\crsack  down  on  the  ice-l)otmil  lake,  he  retraced  liis  tr.nKS,  ainj 
got  away  down  an  adjacent  ravine  before  his  jiur.suers  arrived.  The  Fii'linnnf* 
lowed  the  tracks  lea<ling  to  tlio  precijiice,  and  saw  none  leading  away,  wlieriii 
they  concluded  that  he  had  cast  hun.self  over;  and  when,  a  ew  miniitts  1.114 
they  saw  him  skimming  away  over  the  ice  toward  Foi't  Williiun  Henry,  tiieyi 
tributecl  his  escape  to  the  protection  of  the  Great  Si)irit. 

Passing  now  by  Pri.sonens'  Island  (where  the  French  kept  their  captivwj 
with  Lord  Howe's  Point  on  the  1.,  the  "  Mii.-'ehaha  "  soon  reaches  tlite/ 
of  the  lake.     'J'he  ternnnus  is  at  Baldwin  SL  ''on,  where  passcngirsfJ 
Lake  Champlain  take  the  cars  on  a  branch  raih  uid  which  sweeps  amiii 
Mt.  Defiance,  and  meets  the  main  line  of  the  '  hamplain  Division  R. 
5  M.  distant.    At  the  junction  connections  are  !iiade  for  Fort  Ticomlertj 
o;*  Whitehall.    To  the  1.  is  the  prosperous  n'.anufacturing  village  of  Titi 
deroya  (two  inns),  near  the  falls  on  the  outlet  of  Leke  George  (wliiehj 
scends  240  ft.  within  about  4  M.). 

The  Delaware  and  Hud.^on  Canal  Co.'s  R.  R.,  runs  from  Whitehall| 
Fort  Ticonderoga,  Crown  Point,  Port  Henry,  Westport,  Port  Kent,  I'ls 
burg,  and  Rouse's  Point  (113  M.),  giving  grand  panoramic  views  of  1 
Champlain  and  the  Green  and  Adirondack  Mts.,  and  affording  easvf 
to  the  ancient  fortresses  and  the  Adirondack  region. 


v/Ht,  call 
Country ' 

tHVcjl  "  ; 

'■i>l/t''l  it  .*: 
F-i>;ilish  ai 

tllC  .SIIIIIIJl 

/(i'lidieii 
Ml  tliu  f'Yi 
mill  tlio.s,. 
I'll  "10   fol, 
n-i'iii^  .sliol 
Willi  m  «p., 

»•■"*  Jt'/t  t„ 

Jifiies  of  «.,.„ 
'"■'■^niie  the  . 
fJfiilai's  iiu,l 
''"'3'.  will,. I,  I 

■•"  llOl'Se.S   i;|,|, 

jMsscd  the  Ja 
Jmtei.o,,)  J, 

«";'  "early  („ 
,  *"'i"yicT uiul  i 

f""iiiiaiided  b\ 
l'"'^«iitli  Uny^ 

*'"'  '^"'<  tin-:,  i, 
'^'■msiiieredi: 

^■'«''«  Clja.n 
S'^'h  N.  am 
l'^'-    ^fswate 

'^'aiKl.s  in  the 
«"<i  ha,s  n  pop 
foiviis,  there  i, 


I'jer 


'nany  t 


f  w's,  the  U 


IK 


'"'  'ousht  the 


5ry  nmniiig  ont 
anil  vestfu\\\i'ss 

ro\ut.  nn-^  1"  -^"\y 
own  tho.  l;»»«'.  ** 
U\ue»  \n  t\..'  «vc  .:• 

;'vs.  lunnyorwlnii 

tvy  n»«l  'i-ol^N 

e,o,nuu)Ul'l'i'''  '''''" 
lace. 

a  v,-ii\cning  of  l^'  . 
hotel  at  lU'^ue  ^rA 

r,sh),  of  rimvuoM  • 

,j8tUeuua.lU"0{lk 

Slide  and  h^x^^m^i 

islftud-flotiUa  ^m 

HsedoutheW.,a»1 

,ocky  ledges  over  M 

is  on  the  W.  «1'««1 

o^evs  (the  c^»'«f  "!!tJ 
'^       ,.1  Ilia  tra''KS,  "I'l 

'^^lUiruu  Henry.  U>ey. 

Ich  kept  their  crH 
\ '•  soon  reaches  il^^f 
,,  ^vhere  vassoi.gersl 
Id  which  sweeps  .vo« 

L  for  Fort  TKond 

cturiugvil^^g^^; 
^.Ue  George  (NvlnAi 

Jransf-nWh'H 
ttport,  Port  Kent    IJ 

I  and  affording  easN 
fton. 


LAKK  CHAMPLAIN. 


Lake  Champlaia 


Jt^ 


e5J.     301 


wRfi  rftllcd  by  tlie  Iroqiioin  IiiiliuiiH  Caiiiiulerl  Onaninti  ("The  Gate  of  the 
Coiintiy  "),  while  the  Aht'iiaiiuis  callt'd  it  rclmiltDinjiH'  ("I'lit'  Waters  that  Vw.  b«- 
twcfii '  ;  1.  e.  liftwi'cii  tlicir  lam!  ami  tiiat  of  tlic  Iniiiiinis) ;  ami  otlur  Indians 
fhlk'l  it  Maranm'.  Tor  nearly  half  a  n-ntury  it  was  laluMl  CniliarM  l„il>c  liy  the 
Eii;;lisii  inxl  Dutch,  In  nnnioiy  of  ii  Uutcli  K*'>ith'nian  who  was  drowned  there.  In 
till- smiiiiier  of  KiOlt  a  small  exploring  party  set  ont  from  (^nehec  under  Samuel 
(Ic  Cliiiinplain,*  the  (jovernor  of  Canada,  and  ascended  tin'  fSt.  Lawrence  a;id 
Uirliclleii  Rivers  to  the  Chambly  llaiiids,  where  they  met  a  war-party  o''  Hiirons. 
All  tlu!  I'Vt'iu'hmen  save  Champlain  and  two  others  were  sent  bai  U  to  (^iicliec, 
and  lliiise  three  joined  the  war-jiarty,  J'  v  4.  Mid'.t,  they  entered  the  lake,  and 
(HI  the  following  day  they  ilelVated  '200  »  xp  lis  at  Crown  I'oint,  Champlain 
having?  shot  their  chief  with  his  ar(pudius.  I'lie  llurons  returned  in  triumph, 
with  (ill  sr:dp.s,  and  the  valiant  Frenchman,  having'  fmind  the  r>)ail  to  the  lal<e, 
was  left  i'«  make  several  sulisci|Uent  explorations  and  i'ampai;jus  thereon.  A 
series  (if  wir  parties  traverseil  tills  routi;  lor  nearly  two  centiinc.s,  and  tlie  lake 
Umuiic  the  scene  of  lon;^  campaiyns  and  desperate  battles.  In  l(i'.»>»,  ■-'oo  rreucli 
re;,'ul:us  and  a  swarm  of  Indiana  jjassc  "  in  canoes,  and  marched  to  Sclieiiec- 
taily,  wiiicli  they  destroyed  with  (JO  of  ii.  peoiiK^,  returning'  with  "27  prisoners,  and 
40  horses  l.iden  with  plunder,  Shoitly  afterward  Col,  fSchuyler  and  JOO  Mohawks 
jiassed  tli(!  lake  am'  the  Iliehelieu  River,  and  destroyed  the  Canadian  town  of 
Siiiel,  In  It3',>j  the  chivalrous  Count  de  Frontenac  (a  relative  of  M.idame  de 
MaiiitciKHi)  launched  a  lleet  of  small  craft,  and  passed  down  to  Whitehall  with 
TiKjKieiii'liiiienand  AlKoiupiins.  After  a  dariu'^  foray  throuj;li  the  Mohawk  Valley 
and  nearly  to  the  forts  at  Albany,  he  retired  safely  by  Whitehall,  luirsiied  by 
Siliiiyler  and  the  Hudson  Valley  jieople.  The  lake  was  held  by  the  French  and 
caiiiiiuiiided  by  their  fortifications  until  IT'jO,  when  Lord  Amherst  built  a  flotilla 
in  South  Hay,  with  a  tlay  ship  mounting  IS  i^nnn,  in  which  Capt.  Lorin^,'  swept 
ami  won  thin  inland  sea.  The  military  and  naval  operations  around  the  lake  will 
[keoiLsidered  in  connection  with  the  points  of  action. 

Lake  Champlain  is  a  large  and  pictures([ne  sheet  of  water,  running 

[nearly  N.  and  S.  for  126  M.,  with  a  breadth  of  from  1  furlong  to  15 

|M.    Its  waters  are  clear,  and  abound  in  bass,  pickerel,  salmon  trout,  and 

Dtlier  fish,  while  the  depth  varies  from  9  to  47  fathoms.     There  are  many 

jislaiuls  in  the  lake,  tiie  largest  of  which  covers  an  area  of  18,600  acres, 

Mill  has  a  population  of  1,300.     Besides  numerous  pleasant  villages  and 

[owns,  there  is  one  city  on  the  lake,  and  the  fleets  used  in  commerce  here 

jiuniber  many  thousands  of  tons.     There  is  a  largo  trade  done  between  the 

[ivers,  tlie  Hudson  being  joined  to  tlie  lake  by  a  canal  64  M.  long  (to 

utevvliet),   while  the   Richelieu   River  affords  an   outlet  to  the    St. 

iwreuce.     Tin  scene  y  of  the  Vermont  shore  is  that  of  a  quiet  jiastoral 

fgion,  with  the  vJreen  Mts.  rising  in  the  distant  E.     The  New  York  sliore 

resents  a  continual  s,  ccession  of  barren  and  mountainous  scenerj'-,  with 

pca,sioiial  foot-hills  of  Jie  Adirondacks  pushed  out  in  promontories,  and 

|e  parent  peaks  looming  blue  in  the  distance. 

[The  steamboats  on  Lake  Clmnu'lain  are  larjre  and  coniniodious,  with  atate- 
oms,  dining-8aloon.s,  etc.    They  formerly  ran  between  AVhitehall  and  Rouse's 

IChamnlntn  was  born  of  n  good  fnmily  of  the  province  of  Pnintonpp,  in  1,770.  Uo  becnme 
^'■al(itH(?tT,  and  iii'tRi-wurd  was  nttacHed  to  the  person  of  Kinp  Henri  IV.  In  lO'l'?  ho  ex- 
[t'llhe  St  Law-one'  Hive'-  up  to  the  St.  Ivouis  Rapids,  and  afterward  (until  his  death  in 
lie  t'xplored  tue  comitry  from  Nnntucket  to  the  licad-waters  of  the  Ottawa.  He  wns  a 
K  merciful,  and  zealous  chief,  and  held  that  "  the  salvation  of  one  soul  is  of  more  ini- 
"'"I'ethan  the  fonndinfi  of  0  new  empire."  He  established  strong  missions  among  the 
'vus,  I'oujjht  the  Iroquois,  uud  founded  (Quebec. 

16 


'"»"!i 


fv: 
'I 

in. 


Si 


,f;'  ..  . 


•M 


fLsiA'.-iiz.'^y'^i''^ 


362    JtoiUeJS. 


FORT  TICONDERCGA. 


Point,  but  now  confine  their  voyages  between  Fort  Ticonderoga  and  Plattsljurgli, 
toueliing  at  Port  Henry,  Burlington,  and  otlier  liarbors.  Tliey  nialie  coniit(  tiuns 
at  Fort  Tieonderoga  witli  tlie  railroad.  The  Chumplain  Division.  RaUroud  riiiij 
from  "Whitehall  to  Fort  Ticonderoga  (22  M.),  Port.  Henry  (40  M.),  Port  Kent  (7? 
M.),  Plattsburgh  (90  M  ),  aud  Rouse's  Point  (122  M.). 


W''\ 


From  Whitehall  to  Fort  Ticonderoga  (24  M.),  and  even  to  Crown  Point, 
the  lake  is  very  narrow,  and  seems  more  like  a  fine  river.  During  the 
first  part  of  the  joiirney  the  hills  of  Dresden  are  seen  boldly  looming  on 
the  W.  and  Black  Mt.  is  seen  beyond,  while  the  "  Drowned  Lands "  lie 
along  the  shore.  Beyond  Mt.  Defiance  the  train  crosses  the  outlet  of 
Lake  George,  and  reaches 


Fort  Ticonderoga 

(Fort  Ticonderoga  Hotel,  $2.00  a  day,  an  old  mansion  house  near  tlie 
lake  and  landing).     There  is  a  railway-station  about  1  M.  N.  of  the  fort, 
pertaining  to  a  branch  of  the  Vermont  Central  Railroad,  which  di\erges 
from  the  main  line  at  Leicester  Junction.     The  new  route  from  New  York 
to  Montreal  (W.  of  L.  Champlain)   all  of  which  is  now  in  working  onler, 
passes  near  the  fort  on  the  W,     Steamers  going  each  way  stop  here  t>viu; 
daily,  and  the  Lake  George  stages  leave  early  each  afternoon.     The  iiiiiK 
of  the  fort  crown  the  high  hill  near  the  steamboat  pier,  and  are  i.[\\\[i 
l)icturesque,  aud  command  extensive  lake-views.     The  sally-port  wlieie  i 
the  Green  Mt.  Boys  entered,  the  old  well,  the  cruml)ling  walls  of  tliej 
barracks  surrounding  the  parade,  and  the  well-defined  dry  ditches  beyond 
the  ramparts  may  easily  be  recognized.     In  one  of  the  E.  bastioiisi  is  t| 
de'^p  and  cavernous  vault  which  it  is  surmised  was  the  garrison  li.ikin. 
On  the  high  point  S.  E.  of  the  fort  is  the  well-preserved  Grenadieis'  liatj 
tery,  erected  to  command  the  landing-place  uml  to  <lefeud  the  long  biiclgej 
to  Mt.  Independence.     Thei'e  is  another  small  battery  surroundeil  liyjj 
wet  ditch,  on  the  plain  to  the  N.,  while  the  forests  to  the  S.  aud  W.  arel 
furrowed  witli  intrenchments  and  lines  of  paralhds,  redoubts,  and  rille-l 
pits.     From  the  I'amparts  of  the  fort  Mt.  Independence  is  seen  to  tlie  S,l 
E.,  across  the  lake,  and  Mt.  Defiance  to  the  S.  W.,  across  the  wideiiiiii4 
of  the  outlet  of  Lake  George.     The  latter  sunmiit  is  800  ft.  above  tlil 
lake,  and  commands  a  noble  view  over  its  placid  waters.      It  is  Id 
ascended  by  following  the  nearly  obliterated  military  road  of  Brngovaj 
from  Ticonderoga  village  (3  M.  from  the  fort  to  the  sunmiit).    Utlicii 
who  are  fond  of  the  fine  rowing  which  is  oI)tained  here,  cross  the  l)ayi 
a  boat,  and  scramble  up  through  the  forest  to  the  summit.     A  road  i'ui| 
W.  from  Ticonderoga  to  Paradox  aud  Schroou  Lakes. 

Ticonderoga  is  a  niodiflcfttion  of  Cheonderogo,  the  old  Iroquois  name  fm  tj 
locality.     It  nieaut  "  sounding  waters,"  aud  applied  esi)ecially  to  the  lulls  c 


J|'«Dmpeai>do, 


iujiiiaii 


FORT  TICONDEROGA. 


Route  53.     363 


awl  Platts))«T<:li, 
luake  coin.tHtwiis 
0,.  PailcofHi  niiii 
m)  Port  Kf'iUii 


to  Crown  Point, 
ver.  During  tk 
o\dly  looming  on 
)wned  Lands  "lie 

ises  the  outlet  of 


0X1  bouse,  near  tk 

y^  |J   of  the  fort, 

,ad,  which  dn«vge^ 

,utefromNeNv\ovk 

,v,  in  working  onVr, 
way  stop  here  t.K.: 

ternoou.     The 
and 


VUllK 

five  (r>uti! 
pier,  aim  aii-   i 

rt'he  sally-port  ul.jv 
uvhling  walls  of  tk 
4  dry  ditches  beyouA 

Uie  "e.  bastions  IS » 
the  garrison  hakevy^ 
,ved  Grenadiers  U 


efend  the  long 
tery  surrouncW;'y» 

to  the  S.  and  W 


redoubts,  and 


rill«-' 


lence  is  seen  to 
acrosb  tne 

above  t»' 

It  is  ^'^^ 


outlet  of  Lake  George.  Capt.  Glen  is  spoken  of  as  holding  this  point  with  a 
picket  (if  33  men,  in  1690,  and  in  1001  it  was  fortiHed  by  Col  Schuyler,  wjio  was 
then  l(';i(linga  force  against  La  Prairie.  In  17&5  tlie  Marquis  de  Montoalni  (x;cu- 
pieil  the  iilace  with  a  strong  Prencli  army,  and  built  cxttuisive  works,  whicli  he 
iianiod  Fort  Carillon l  ("chime  of  bells"),  in  allusion  to  the  musical  cascade.s 
in  tlie  vicinity.  Gen.  Abercromhio,  having  descended  Lake  George  with  7,000 
British  regulars  and  0,000  jirovincial  troops,  attempted  to  storm  the  ft)rt,  July  8, 
17:)S.  The  scouts  tol  1  Aburcrombie  that  the  fort  was  weak,  iuid  he  knew  that 
reinforcements  were  hurrying  to  the  garrison,  so  an  assault  was  ordered.  In  ad- 
vmicing  through  the  forest  a  detachment  of  450  Frenchmen  boldly  engaged  and 
cliociieil  the  van-guard.  Israel  Putnam  an<l  Lord  Howe  hastened  up  to  tlie  scene 
of  the  skirmish,  and  Howe  wa>  almost  instantly  killed.  "His  manners  and  his 
virtues  made  him  the  idol  of  tlie  army,"  and  "  in  him  the  soul  of  the  army  .seemed 
to  expire."  Massachusetts  cected  a  monument  to  this  gallant  nobleman  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  The  Freiu^h  detachment  was  exterminated,  but  the  Anglo- 
Vii  ricaii  trooi)s  became  entang'.ed  in  the  forest  and  began  to  tire  on  each  other, 
,  fliey  were  withdrawn.  G.OOO  picked  men  were  led  out  to  storm  the  French 
\vi  i,v>,  wliich  consisted  of  a  breastwork  (8  ft.  high)  and  ahtttis,  defended  by  '  000 
men  with  artilleiy.  Four  hours  of  fearless  charging  and  bloody  rejiulses  ensued, 
anil  the  few  men  who  gained  the  parapet  died  there  on  the  verge  of  victory.  At  7 
in  the  evening,  after  three  heroic  iissaults  had  failed,  and  several  boats  had  been 
sniik  on  the  lake  with  all  on  board  by  the  artillery  of  the  fort,  the  army  re- 
treated, leaving  nearly  2,000  men  dead  and  wounded  on  tlu;  Held.  Lord  John 
.Murray's  Highland  regiment  (so  distinguished  at  Fontenoy,  1:5  years  before)  lost  ^ 
of  its  inen  and  25  ofHcers.  In  March,  1758,  Rogers'  Rangers  were  disastrously 
reimlsi'iMVom  the  outworks  of  Carillon.  In  the  summer  of  17.V,)  Lord  Amheivst 
aiviiuceil  from  the  S.  with  11,000  men,  and  the  French  garrison,  weakened  by  the 
neie.ssity  of  meeting  Wolfe  before  Quebec,  evacuated  the  place  after  l>urning  the 
ixuraiks  and  exi)loding  the  magazine. 

At  (lawn,  May  10,  1775,  the  fort  was  surprised  and  taken  by  85  New  Englanri 
men,  who  had  crossed  the  lake  on  the  previous  evening.  They  were  commanded 
liy  lithun  Allen  and  Benpdict  Arnold,  who  led  them  through  the  gate  and  out  on 
lthe  jiarade,  where  (it  is  said)  Allen  aroused  Cai>t.  de  la  Place,  the  commandant, 
iiiliieiuanded  the  surrender  of  the  fort  "in  the  name  of  the  Great  Jehovah  and 
he  C'Dutinental  Congress."  43  soldiers  were  surrendered  with  the  fort,  together 
ith  170  cannon  and  vast  supplies  of  anununition.  When  Burgoyne  advanced, 
ill  tlie  summer  of  1777,  and  Arnold's  fleet  h.id  been  defeated  on  the  lake,  the  de- 
feme  of  Fort  Ticonderoga  was  intrusted  to  Gen.  St.  Clair,  with  2,000  Continental 
lonps,  ',100  militia,  and  47  fortress-cannon.  He  destroyed  the  works  toward  Lake 
"eorge,  and  strongly  f-^rtihed  jMt.  Indcpenden(;e  (remnants  of  the  star-fort,  and 
ves  of  hundreds  who  died  of  cam])-distem]»erare  now  found  in  the  young  forest 
|n  the  int.).  The  bridge  to  Mt.  Independence  was  a  jiowerfnl  floating  structure, 
lipnited  by  22  sunken  piei-s  and  many  floats.  Burgoyiie's  fleet  was  cannonaded 
il  forced  to  keep  out  of  gun-shot,  but  the  B  .hish  succeeded  in  getting  cannon 
111  Mt.  Defiance,  with  which  a  plunging  fn<!  was  opened  on  the  fort.  On  the 
gilt  of  July  0,  St.  Clair  evacuated  the  position,  and  wouM  have  esca])ed  but  that 
II.  lie  Fermoy  set  fire  to  his  quarters  on  Jit.  Independence.  The  aroused  enemy 
fl|lc  rapid  pursuit,  defeated  St.  Clair's  rear-guard  at  Hubbaixlton,  and  took  his 
""  ly  and  stores  at  Whitehall,  with  200  g.dleys  and  the  remnant  of  Arnold's 
*t.   Ten  weeks  later,  Col.  Brown,  of  jNIuss.,  with  1,000  men  of  New  England, 


summit)- 
cross  the 

A.  road  vut| 


Iwyi 


is  800  ft. 
A  waters, 
avy  road  of  Buvgov, 

,he 
here, 
[summit, 
es. 

,s  name  f^v  ^ 
UeiallytotUeluU^ 


iitured  the  outworks  of  Ticonderoga,  with  200  batteaux,  203  jirisoners,  5  cannon, 

|1  a  war-vessel,  and  delivered  100  Amcri(;an  prisoners  and  a  Continental  flag. 

Id  fort  WHS  dismantled  a  few  weeks  later,  and  in  1780  was  re-occujiied  by  Gen. 

Vdiinaud  with  troojis  from  Montreal.  Since  the  Revolution,  Ticonderoga  has 
Iboen  occupied,  and  for  many  years  it  suffered  a  gradual  demolition,  —  its  well- 
[stoiieand  brielc  being  carried  away  by  vessel-loads  to  the  rising  villages  on 
[Iske.  It  is  now  sealed  from  such  inv.asions,  and  is  bf^coming  known  as  one  of 
H^-wio  and  heroic  grounds  of  America.  July  IS,  1S7J,  the  Vermont  Historical 
I'sty  had  a  fiejd-day  heie,  and  there  were  10,000  people  jirosent.  The  fort  is  on 
^niiisula  riling  lOC  ft.  from  the  lake,  with  w.der  on  three  sides  and  swampy 
"II  the  fourth.    The  peninsula  covers  over  500  acres. 

ta  DrnpeaV  de  CariUo^  "  iff  an  old  Canadian  song,  which  may  still  be  heard  in  Lower 


'»'i\ 


(>    !. 


i 

:n..    ' 

h 

f    ?!  ■ 

1 

I  •  *' 


\i 

1       ', 

1         .'J 
! 


I- 


•11 


364     Route  53. 


CROWN   POINT. 


The  steamer  passes  through  the  railway-bridge  soon  after  leaving  Fort 
Ticon<leroga.  Beautiful  views  are  occasionally  gained  of  Cuniel's  Iluiij], 
and  Mt.  Mansfield  on  the  E.,  and  the  majestic  Adiroiidacks  on  the  N,  )V. 
The  boat  stops  at  Larrabee's  Point  in  the  Vermont  town  of  Shoi  t-liaiii, 
and  then  at  Croii>n  Point  (Gunnison's  Hotel),  3  M.  E.  of  Crown  Point  vil 
lage,  whence  a  road  runs  W.  to  Paradox  and  Schroon  Lakes  and  the  Adi- 
rondacks.  A  short  distance  1)eyond  this  landing,  the  steamer  passis 
through  the  narrows  between  Chimney  Point  (on  tlie  E.)  and 

Crown  Point. 

The  ruins  of  the  fortress  of  Crown  Point  occupy  the  high  promontory  be- 
tween the  lake  and  tlie  broad  Bulwagga  Bay.     The  })oint  is  reached  eitli'r 
by  boat  from  Port  Henry,  or  by  carriage  around  the  bottom  of  the  lay  i 
(6-7  M.).     There  is  a  liglitliouse  on  the  point,  but  otlierwise  it  is  iilniii- 
doned  to  its  ancient  remains  of  strength  and  pride.     The  immense  ram- 
parts and  ditches  of  the  fort,  its  broad  parade,  and  the  thick  stone  v.allj 
of  the  barracks  are  richly  worthy  of  attention,  wlule  from  the  walls  of  tlie] 
northern  bastions  are  olitained  supei'b  views  of  the  Green  Mts.  in  tlie  E, 
and  the  rugged  foot-hills  of  the  Adirondacks  in  the  W.,  with  tliu  l.l:e| 
stretching  away  for  many  leag\ies  in  the  N.     The  jieninsula  is  about  1  M,| 
wide,  and  has  only  a  thin  robe  of  earth  over  limestone  ledges,  wliosi'  oiit- 
ting  away  cost  enormously  during  the  erection  of  the  foilress.     *2<t(l  yaiuij 
N.  E.  of  the  great  fort,  and  near  the  watei",  are  the  I'uins  of  tlie  old  Fieiicl 
work,  Fort  Fi-ederick.     In  the  N.  E.  bastion  is  a  well  cut  in  the  rock.i 
ft.  in  diameter  and  90  ft.  in  depth,  which  was  cleared  out  by  a  stock  coiu-l 
pany  in  1324.  in  the  hope  of  finding  treasure.     There  have  been  niiuiyejJ 
cavations  here  with  this  object,  but  only  old  iron  and  lead  has  ye*  Imii 
found.     The  ramparts  are  brilliant  with  blood-red  thorn-apples  (in  tliej 
season)  on  great  thickets  of  bushes.     These  peculiar  trees  are  found  iiof 
where  else  in  the  State,  and  are  said  to  have  been  brought  from  France.  J 

In  July,  icon,  Chaiiii)l!iln,  2  Frenchmen,  and  60  Ilurous  came  up  to  this  Pn 
in  '24  bark  canoes,  and  here  they  landed  and  defeated  tlio  Irocjuois,  after  pa.vil 
the  night  in  martial  rites  and  sinj^ing  the  war-song.     This  was  2  montlis  lnH 
Hendrick  Hudson  had  diseoxered  the  nolile  river  which  has  been  nauml 
honor.     In  1G:U  the  French  oc('U])ied  Point  a  la  Chevelnre  (opimsite  this  I'U' 
built  a  stone  fort  and  armed  it  witli  h  cannon,  and  establislied  a  faiiuiiig  ri 
munity.     In  10(5(5  De  Courcelles  ascemled  l)y  l)oats  (with  (iOJiiien)  toCiownPii 
whence  he  marched  into  the  Mohawl;  country,  and  on  the  i(!tieat,  sc.niie  tiii;v| 
ter,  tlie  force  halted  here  .several  days  for  their  .stragglers  to  come  \\\y    T'-M 
stroyers  of  Schenectady  were  i)ursned  to  Crown  I'oint  (in  the  wintei-  of  10"' 
here  they  i)ut  on  skates  and  es{vii)ed.     In  IT.'il   Fort  Frederick  was  buili  lii'ij 
tl;e  French,  and  named  in  honor  of  Frederick  iManrepas,  Premier  of  the  kiidi 
The  shores  were  tlien  more  thickly  settled  than  now,  for  many  miles  N.  ainll 
In  17.59,  after  the  fallof  Tieonderoga,the  fort  was  abandoneil,  and,  the  Point  I* 
occnpi(!(l  by  Lord  Amherst,  vast  fortilicntions  were  erected  here,  whicli  instj 
British  government  8 10,000,000.     In  177.'i  the  barracks  toolv  tire  and  tlio  \«f\ 
magazine  blew  uj),  partly  demolishing  the  works,  and  in  1775  Warner's  Giwnf 
Boys  captured  the  foil.    7,000  Americans  retreated  here  from  Canada  iu  1" 


:V  leaving  Fori 
Camel's  Hu"'^ 
sonthe^'.^^'• 
n  of  Sliovel.aiu, 
>-0WU  roinl  viV 
Ues  aiu\  the  AAi- 

steamer 

ami 


AMOvomontoryV 
:,t  is  reached  eW.r 
.ottom  of  the  k« 
UevNvise  it  i^  ^^^'^^«- 
The  immense  raw- 
e  t\ack  stone  ^v.^^ 
vomthe^all^f^: 

^^V.,>N'itht\^    ; 

,0,  ledges,  ^vh<^^^'  ^'\ 
e  Vovtvess.     - 


,  of  the  old  YmM 

■\ie  vocK.51 

stoch  cow] 


BURLINGTON. 


Route  53.     3G5 


AUIS 

,U  cvit  in  T 

•a  outlay  a 

e,havebeenmuu>J 

.ud  lead  has  ye'  ^ 
thorn-apples  on  H 
lav  trees  are  touna>.«| 
'"ougl^tfromFvauce, 

V  has  t^ecu  U'J.      Iv' 


live  ^ol.l•^'■■-  „„•„,.  ™ 
ktal.UsUea  a  »-^^»  ,^,V,J 
tuo.nneu  tou  ,,;., 
Itlu-  vetvc.it,  s         ,j.j, 

L  pronnevoti'  ^   .^^^j] 

l\o»e.\,  and.  tne       ^,,,t 

L  iooU  tive  ana  j 

'i-    1775  Wavuev  "'-''.. 


liumlreils  died  from  8niall-p<-x.  In  1777  Burgoyne  made  the  fort  his  main  depot 
of  biiiuilies  iu  the  advance  on  Albany.  Tlie  tort  built  by  l^ord  Amherst  was  J  M. 
aroiiii  J,  and  its  ramparts  were  25  It  liigh  and  25  ft.  thick.    It  ia  still  in  good  preser- 

vatiuii. 

Just  heyond  Crown  Point  the  steamer  stops  at  Ptyrt  Henry  (two  inns), 

a  picturesquely  situated  village,  with  iron  works  and  mines.     Bulwagga 

Bay  is  seen  opening  to  tlie  S.     Alter  leaving  Port  Henry,  a  fine  view  is 

obtained  of  the  Adiromlacks  in  tlie  W.,  Bald  and  Dix  Peaks  and  the 

Giant  of  the  Valley  being  foremost  in  the  group.     The  steamer  next 

touclies  at  Wesf^hrrl  (two  inns),  on  the  W,  shore,  with  a  road  running  W, 

into  the  Adirondacks,  by  Elizabethtown  to  White  Face  Mt.     On  the  E. 

shove  are  seen  the  spires  of  the  city  of  Vergennes,  and  the  ruins  of  Fort 

Cassin,  wliere  Lieut.  Cassin,  of  the  U.  S.   Navy,  repelled  an  attack  on 

I  Macilonough's  fleet,  which  was  being  fitted  out  at  Vergennes,      Split 

Rock  Mt.  frowns  along  the  W.  shore,  and  is  mirrored  in  waters  of  \\i\- 

known  depth.     Rounding  the  lighthouse  at  the  head  of  the  promontory, 

Itlie steamer  touches  at  Essex  (Royce's  Hotel),  whence  another  road  leads 

linto  the  Adirondacks.     The  course  from  Essex  is  N.  E.,  passing  the  Four 

[Brothers  and  Juniper  Isles,  and  approaching  and  stopping  at 

Burlington 

*Van  Ness  House,  §2-3.50  a  day),  "the  Queen  City  of  Vermont," 

autifully  situated  on  a  long,  sloping  hill  ou  the  E.  shore  of  Burlingtun 

y.   It  is  the  largest  city  iu  the  State,  having  a  population  of  about 

iUOO,  with  8  churches,  5  banks,  1  daily  and  2  weekly  newspapers.     In 

pD8  Burlington  had  815  inhabitants,  and  between  IStiO  and  1870  it  gained 

5  per  cent  in  population.    It  became  a  city  iu  1865,  and  is  now  the 

ird  lumber-mart  in  America.     Most  of  the  lumber  is  brought  from  the 

nadiaii  forests,  and  sorted  and  planed  here,  after  which  it  is  sent  by 

to  Bo.ston  and  other  Eastern  cities.     Immense  quantities  are  loaded 

ctly  from  the  cars  to  the  vessels  (iu  Boston)  which  convey  them  to 

taut  ports.     100,000,000  ft.  of  Canadian  lumber  are  imported  yearly ; 

the  liiinber-yard,  2  M.  long,  is  always  covered  with  immense  piles  of 

ink  and  boards.     Several  of  the  churches  are  Hue  buildings,  especially 

Cathedral,  a  large  and  picturesque!}'  irregular  structure.     St.  Paul's 

scnpal  Church  is  an  old  Gothic  building  of  blue  limestone,  with  staiued 

ilim-rt.    This  is  the  church  of  the  Bishop,  whose  d;ocese  (tiie  State  of 

has  27  priests  and  2,655  communicants.    Tliere  are  also  handsome 

1,'regational  and  Methodist  churches,  built  of  Burlington  stone.     Near 

«liiare  in  the  centre  of  the  city  is  a  fin    U.  S.  building  (Post  Oflice 

Custom  House),  and  the  elegant  Court  H»  use  of  Chittenden  County. 

iUnivd'sitii  of  Vermont  occupies  an  eligible  situation  on  the  sum- 

i  Burlington  Hill,  1  M.  from  the  Bay  and  367  ft.  above  it.     This  in- 


V'K. 


•t 


■  ]>M  ■ 

i 

>r  iB 

i 

'  ''S  '' 

t 

\8    ; 

i- 

-  ?^B 

i* 

'1 '  3H 

!■■- 

'''m 

» 

.  jM 

^ 

^^B 

1? 

M 


■m  f 


1  I 


II  i- 


I 

1!! 


r 


iff ,  ,1 1;;i 


■':  rf; 


h 


366    Amite  53. 


BURLINGTON. 


stihttion  was  incorporated  in  1791,  and  began  operations  in  1800,  thf; 
President  being  the  only  instructor  for  tlie  first  6  years,  when  about  3u 
students  wore  entered  here.    Its  connection  with  the  State  is  but  noniiiifil, 
and  ha3  brought  it  no  emolument  since  its  foundation,  when  Vermont 
endowed  it  with  a  grant  of  2H,0()0  acres  of  land.     In  1813  the  buikling 
was  taken  by  the  United  States,  and  retainel  throughout  the  w.r  for  an 
arsenal  and  barracks.     In  1824  tlie  buildings  were  burnt,  and  r  built  in 
1825,  the  corner-stone  being  laid  by  Gen.  Lafayette,  an  heroic  broii.:e 
statue  of  whon\  (by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward)  now  adorns  the  University  Park.   In 
1882-83,  tlie  old  uuildiiig  was  torn  down  and  a  stately  edifice  erected.   The 
academic  department  has  11  instructors,  150  students,  and  80,01)0  spcii- 
nu;ns  in  its  museum.     There  are  about  1,500  alumni.     The  me(lii.al  di- 
])artment  has  20   instructors   and  200  students.     The   Billings   Libmrv, 
designed  by  H.  II.  Kichardson.  is  of  rock-faced  and  carved  stone,  1G5  ft, 
long,  a  magnificent  Renaissance  building,  containing  30, 000  volumes.  Ym\ 
the  University  tower  a  superb  view  of  lake  and  mountains  is  enjoyed. 

On  the  W.,  Lake  Champlain  is  seen  from  bnlnw  Crown  Poiiif  on  the  S.  toPlntfs-J 
burg  on  the  N.,  with  Munierous  islanils  surrouuclod  liy  the  bn;ri,t  waters  wiiiiiij 
have  bocoiiie  classic  in  Aiucrican  liistory.     IJcyoiid  the  Lil<e  tbi!  Adirondacks  tiilj 
the  horizon,  over  00  pcak.s  being  visible  on  a  (dear  day  ;  prominent  ainoiii,'  whihl 
are  Mclntyre,  Whiteface,  and  Marcy,  the  lattci-  being  tl>t>  liighent  i>c,ak  liPtwctiil 
the  Wliite  and  the  Allegliany  Mts.     Lake  Chamidain  is  10  M.  wide  lierf,  aiiiliwif 
the  middle  are  seen  the  i.slets  called  the  Four  Hrotliers.    The  plains  of  CliitteiM 
Co.  are  seen  in  the  N.  E.  over  the  little  village  oi  \Vino(^ski,  and  in  the  K.  aretlii 
.stately  Green  Mts.,  the  Cer^s  ii/ottfs  for  which  the  State  was  named.     Mt.  .Maiisj 
tield,  Camel's  Hump,  and  other  well-known  jieaks  are  pli-iirly  visible,  witliavasj 
expan.se  of  farm-land  filling  the  foreground.     Burlington  City  is  overlooked  oj 
the  W.,  stretching  down  to  the  shores  of  its  bay.     The  *  snnsot  over  tlie  lake  aiif 
the  Adirondacks  when  seen  tixan  this  point,  or  from  tl\e  little  park  N.  W.  ofthi 
central  sqi    ro,  is  full  of  br  <  ".Siileudoro   landscape  is  the  peculiar  lioibi( 

Burlington,"  .aid  Pres.  ]>  v;:,',it  i.i  1798  ;  and  Fredrika  Bremer  speaks  of  tliedij 
tant  "mountain  forms  picf..' •  ■■  lely  combined  with  a  certain  degree  of  Ljraiiilei 
and  boldness."  The  view  looking  W.  towards  a  peak  wliich  she  calls  "Mi| 
couchant,"  she  pronounced  superior  to  any  lake  view  which  she  hud  fcverseeii,e| 
cepting  only  one  on  Lake  Geneva. 

Near  the  University  is  the  Green  Mt.  Cemetery,  in  which  Ethan  .^11 
is  buried,  under  a  Ti.scan  column  42  ft.  high,  and  a  short  distance 
yond  is  tlie  village  of  Winooski,  at  the  lower  falls  on  the  Winooski  Riv 
Near  this  village  is  a  romantic  caiion  on  the  river,  at  the  Jli'jh  Bruii 
where  the  impetuous  stream  has  cut  a  gorge  through  the  solid  roi^k^''Bftlie^,j; 
deep  and  70  ft.  wide.     A  noble  statue  of  Allen  crowns  his  moinnneiif.  ■reujo^i. 

Burlington  has  the  spacious  Howard  Opera-House,  water-work^ 
companies,  the  Fletcher  Free  Library  (18,000  volumes),  the  honieofSej 
tor  Edmunds  (and  those  of  several  wealthy  New-Yorkers),  and  an  admin 
Philharmonic  Society.     The   rerinont   Episcopnl   Insfititte  (a  se'on 
boys)  i-  on  Rock  Point,  2-3  :\r  from  the  city.    It  has  a  fine  marble bii 
ing  in  the  collegiate  Gothic  architecture,  with  a  small  but  elegant  thi 
a  uassive  tower,  and  a  library  which  is  rich  in  patristic  literature 
S.  of  the  city  is  the  Home  for  Destitute  Cliildren,  and  1  M.  N.  's'?' 


seph's  (fi 
oOU,  iittJe 

(o(Svw\\ 

ski  Villh-y^ 

itUicks  o;i 

iSJ:',  iiwl  ii 

Sfa^'es  lea 

Two  tivii, 

;'""etion  it  j 

nouns. 

I'ea\ing 
^^'f>i^  (2  hot 
'f-''  exiJortati 

^nml  .succe.s.' 

^/ouses  are  a 

•S'lranac  Lake 

"'e  Ansable 

^^''"'fe  Far^e  j 

Pa'-^e.s  hetweet 

^'^  fleet,  coi 

'^"f'^''  squadrc 

^nio],I',s  and  3 

»ac  an,]  ceuu 
a»e,ula„t  ,,,j], 


but  H 

0  ( 

iey 


''  '"^'^^o  to  the 
''''''^>  ^vith  thi 

'"O'ldacf 
ea.s/iy,.e 


r!'""-lur, 


<"oil 
eWacfl,,,,! 


.■^.-  —afV!ii,y^T:S:Su'^!iiTi'tT^ 


ilattsbukg. 


KnUeoS.      367 


iu  1800,  Ui*^ 
■hen  about  3u 
s  bvit  non\in!>^, 
when  V*'.nnoiit 
3  the  buUiliii? 
the  NV.'"  i'o>"  ^" 
,  and  r  ^>«ii^  "'^ 
1  heroic  ^»ruii,.i 
,,,ityrark.   In 
ice  erected.  The 
ind  80,000  ^Fi- 

The  lued'aal  (It- 

BiUings  \:>\'V''fy.  I 

l(j;)it.| 

.  rvow] 

ed. 


ved  slo"^' 
00  volv\mcs 
ins  is  eujov 


,i,  and  m  tlu  1  .        ^ 


nner  speak:^  ot 

Itamdeare   >    .\ 


U  ^v\dc\^  Etbau  Au< 
a  Bi^ovt  distance 

the  Wi^'»"f  V^  ., 
at  the  II  f  J' J 
h  the  solid  roai^' 


tnonv 


'iiient. 


^ns  his 

^vater-wovl^^' ' 
t\ie  iio\ne  ol  ^« 

,d«n«(W' 

(.Vool 


seph's  (R.  C.)  Orphan  Asylum;  the  first  accoiumodatirig  100,  aud  the  second 
50U,  little  ones. 

Biirlinf,'ton  was  settled  about  1775,  and  named  in  honor  of  the  Bnrlinj?  family 
(nf  New  York),  who  were  ai'ion;^  tlie  grantees.  It  lay  on  the  route  by  the  Winof)- 
ski  Valley,  which  had  been  so  often  traversed  by  the  northern  Iiulians  in  their 
attacks  on  Mass.  It  was  lortilied  and  garrisoned  by  4,000  troojis  in  the  War  of 
1S12,  and  in  the  War  of  18(11  -  5  sent  many  soldiers  to  the  national  armies. 

Stages  leave  Burlington  daily  tor  the  rural  towns  of  St.  George  and  Hinesbnrg. 

Two  trains  daily  leave  Burlington  f(.r  Montreal.  From  Burlington  to  Essex 
Junction  it  is  8  M.  Essex  to  Montreal,  ste  page  204.  Distance,  103  M.,  in  6i-6 
hours. 

Leaving  Burlington,  the  steamer  runs  N.  W.  across  the  lake  to  P(yrt 
Kent  (2  hotels),  a  small  village  under  Mt.  Tremhleau,  and  important  for 
its  exportation  of  iron.     The  old  Watson  Mansion  is  seen  on  a  hill  over 
the  village.     Stages  run  from  Port  Kent  to  the  Ausable  Chasm,  'vith  its 
grand  succession  of  cascades  and  gorges.     The  Adirondack  and  Ausable 
Houses  n  re  at  Keeseville,  near  the  Chasm.     Stages  also  run  to  Baker's 
S:iranac  Lake  House  (46  M.  W.),  while  a  road  diverging  to  the  S.  W.  at 
the  Ausable  Forks  enters  the  mts.  through  Wilmington  Notch  and  by 
White  Face  and  Lake  Placid.      6-8  M.   N.  of  Port  Kent  the  steamer 
pa.'ses  between  Valcour  Island  and  the  mainland.     In  this  channel  Ar- 
nold's fleet,  consisting  of  15  vessels  with  70  cannon,  was  attacked  by  a 
Britisli  squadron  of  31  vessels.     After  a  hot  day's  battle,  in  which  2  of 
Arnold's  and  3  British  vessels  were  sunk,  the  Americans  tried  to  retreat 
hyiiiglit,  but  were  clo.sely  pursued.     The  flagship  "Congress"  was  sur- 
rumidcd  by  hostile  ships,  but  fought  desperately  for  4  hours,  until  the 
van  and  centre  of  the  fleet  had  escaped.     Then  Arnold  ran  her  and  the 
attendant  galleys  ashore  below   Port  Ketit,  and  blew  them  up  (Oct.  11, 
liJti).    Grand  Lsle,  or  South  Hero,  is  now  passed  on  the  E.,  aiid  the  vil- 
lage of  Plattsbvirg  {FouqaeVs  Hotel ;  Camherland  House)  is  reached.     It 
is  a  nourishing  place  at  the  mouth  of  the  Sarauac  River,  and  is  the  shire- 
town  of  Clinton  County  (N.  Y. ),  and  a  garrisoned  post  of  the  U.  S.  Arm\  . 
[I'here  is  a  railway  from  Plattsburg  to  Montreal  (G3.V  M.  ;  trains  in  4A-5 
);  also  to  the  Ausable  River  (20  M.  ;  trains  in  I5-2  hrs. ).      The  lat- 
er luad,  with  the  stages  which  connect  at  the  Ausable  River,  forms  the 
^st  route  to  the  Sarauac  and  St.  Regis  Lakes,  and  the  lofty  central  sronp 
the  Adirondack  Mts.     The  Long,  Racpiette,  Fulton,  and  Tupper  .iakes 
ireniost  easily  reached  by  the  Adirondack  Railroad  (from  Saratoga). 


|se, 

ACS), 


,H\\buteh>? 
fi?tic  li 
and  1 


I""'-  "^X^ 


L^ljit  7,  1S14,  Platt.sburg  was  menaceil  by  a  Britis'i  army  of  14,000  men  under 
rGmri,'c  I'revost,  suiij.orted  by  a  (ieet  of  IG  vessels,  with  05  guns  and  1,000  men. 
Mefeuce  was  conducted  by  Gen.  Macomb,  with  3.01)0  men  in  the  village,  and 
Nmmliire  Macdonough,  with  a  lleet  of  14  vessels,  80  guns,  and  8S0  men.  When 
r  British  fleet  rounded  Cumberland  Head  for  the  attiuik,  Macdonough  was  Uneel- 
poii  his  deck  praying.  A  rooster,  who  had  got  loose  in  the  aurry  of  jjrepara- 
pn,  Jlew  ui)un  one  of  the  "Saratoga's"  guns  and  crowed  lustily,  upon  whi(di  vhc 
pgave  three  cheers  and  went  to  work  with  a  will.  As  the  fleets  met,  the  t  v  > 
fillips  engagetl  each  other,  and  the  American  "  Saratoga  "  was  sadly  cut  up  by 


?i  .11 


?i 


■"I 


ly.iji 


368    Rout-e34. 


MONTREAL. 


fv-; 


!■«• 


the  more  powerful  British  vessel,  the  "  Conflance."  By  a  slcilful  manoeuvre  Mac- 
donough  swung  his  ship  around,  and  presented  the  uninjured  side  and  battcrv  to 
the  enemy,  wlio  was  ujiable  to  imitate  this  action,  and  was  speedily  forccii  to 

g'eld.  After  2^  hours  of  incessant  cannonade,  the  battle  was  decided  against  tlie 
ritish,  who  lost  all  tlieir  vessels  save  a  few  row-galleys.  In  tiie  mean  time,  Pie- 
vost  was  repulsed  by  tlie  soldiers  at  Plattsbnrg,  and  lost  heavily,  besides  being 
forced  to  abandon  much  of  his  artillery  and  stores. 

The  steamboat  line  terminates  at  Plattsburg.  Another  line  plies  between 
Piattsburg  and  Maquam  Bay  (Hotel  Champlain,  i$8-10  a  week).  8  JI.  X. 
of  St.  Albans,  and  the  W.  terminus  of  the  St.  Johnsbury  and  Lake-Chain- 
plain  K.  R.,  for  the  White  Mts.  and  Portland.  Trains  for  Montreal  may 
be  taken  at  Plattsburg.  The  more  direct  route  from  Albany  to  Montreal 
is  by  the  Delaware  and  Hudson  Canal  Co.'s  R.  R.  on  the  W.  shore  of 
Lake  Cliamplain,  from  Wliitehall  to  Ticonderoga,  Plattsburg,  and  Rouse's 
Point  (Albany  to  Montreal,  9  hrs.). 

54.   Montreal. 

Hotels.  —  *The  Windsor  is  a  new  and  sumptuous  hotel,  on  Dominion  Square; 
St.  Lawrence  Hall,  on  St.  James  St.  ;  Hotel  Kichelieu,  $2-3  a  day  ;  Albion  ilotfi, 
$  2.00  P  day. 

Carriages.  One-horse  carriage,  for  1-2  persons,  25c.  a  course  (witliin  the 
city),  50c'.  an  hour  ;  for  3-4  persons,  40c.  a  course,  70c.  an  hour.  Two-horse  car- 
riages, for  1-2  persons,  40c.  a  couree,  75c.  an  hour  ;  for  3  -  4  persons,  50c.  a  course, 
$  1 .00  an  hour. 

Miops.  The  most  attractive  are  on  Great  Saint  .Tames  and  Notre  Dame  Sts. 
American  money  is  usually  received  at  the  reigning  rates  of  exchange,  but  it  is.id- 
visable  to  purchase  sufTicieut  Canadian  money  for  the  tour  at  some  reputable 
bank.  I 

Horse-cars  run  across  the  city  on  Craig,  Bleury,  and  St.  Catharine  Rts.  ;  also  | 
on  St.  Mary,  Notr*^  Dame,  an'd  St.  Josepli  Sts.  ;  also  out  St.  Lawrence  Main  St 

RHilways.  To  Boston,  by  St.  Albans,  Concord,  and  Lowell  (Route  2l>),  33(1 
M.  (0-  ;>y  wav  of  Fitchburg,  .S44  M.) ;  to  New  York,  by  Rutland  and  Albany,  'm 
M.  (by  i-ake  Champlain,  405  M.) ;  to  Queliec,  172  M.  (in  7  hi-s.) ;  tf>  Pliittsbiin;,! 
63  M.  ;  to  Rouse's  Point,  50  M.  ;  to  Toronto,  333  M.  (14-15  lirs.) ;  to  Detroit  (soil 
M.)  and  Chicago  (1,1 15  M.) ;  to  Ottuwa,  1U4  M.  Steamers  run  to  all  the  St.  Law-f 
rence  and  Lake  ports. 


In  the  year  1535  Jacques  Cartier  visited  the  triple-walled  Indian  village  of  HoctiH 
la^a,  and  ascended  the  lofty  hill  behind  it,  wliich,  from  the  beauty  of  its  view,  hi 
nao.td  Mount  Royal.     The  place  was  visited  by  Champlain  in  1003,  and  wassettleJ 
by  a  i  nail  colony  of  Frenchmen.     A  tax-gatherer  of  An,jou  and  a  priest  of  I'anj 
board  '    iestial  voices,  bidding  them  to  found  a  hospital  (Hotel  Dieu)  and  ii  lol 
of  pviesi    at  Mount  Royal,  and  tire  voices  were  followed  by  apparitions  of  tiie\iil 
giTi  mil  tne  Saviour.    Filled  with  sacred  zeal,  and  brought  together  by  ii  sin?' 
acniden^,  these  men  won  several  nobles  of  France  to  aid  their  cause,  then  bmi;;! 
the  [si.^  u'  Mount  Royal,  and  formed  the  Society  of  Notre  Dame  de  Mniiti 
^Mth  tiie  Lord  of  Maisonneuve  and  45  associates,  in  a  solemn  service  luM  i|'  '.^ 
Cathedral  of  Notre  Dame  de  Paris,  thev  con.secrated  the  island  to  the  Holy  Fum 
V.  derthe  name  of  "  Ville  Marie  de  Montreal"  (Feb.,  1G41).    May  IS.  \^^tH 
80i,.neuve  and  his  people  landed  at  Montreal  and  raised  an  altar,  belmi'  «'''"| 
when  liigh  mass  was  concluded,  the  priest  said,  "  You  are  a  grain  of  iiiustai] 
seed  that  shall  arise  and  grow  until  its  branches  overshadow  the  land.    You  - 
few,  but  your  work  is  the  work  of  God.     His  smile  is  on  you,  and  your  cliiWl 
shall  tin  the  land."    The  H6tel  Dieu  was  founded  in  1647,  and  in  l«o7  tlieSaH 
ciaus  of  Paris  established  a  seminary  here.    In  1689, 1,400  Iroquois  ludiaui  stom 


ftanoeuvre  Mac- 
,  and  battery  t« 
edily  fov.;.'a  0 
deil  agivm^t  the 
nean  tun..'.  Pre- 
y,  besides  bemg 

e  plies  bet'wecn 
week),  8  M..^- 
nd  Lake-Cham- 
.  Hontveal  \wa)- 
,any  to  Montreal 
t^^e  W.  shove  oi 
^vg,  and  liouse  s 


,^  Dominion  ^Vjar^' 

,  day  ;  Al^»°"  ^^°"'' 

nnnrse  (witUiu  the 

^^^^'    ,  \oc  a  course, 
persons,  ow^'''' 

^nd  -^"^'^^.-t  it  is  ad- 

r.Tr&rre> 

,  Cathavine  St.  :^H 
Lawrence  ^lauB 

^'■^A'.  to  i)«^>'"^^'i 


ow  the  u";;;,  cinw, 

vou,  and  V'i.»     <,ji 
I  Iroquois  l""!'^"* 


'^.;/ 


I      .      I 

MONTREAL. 


*»u      J 


1.  PoHStcours  Maritt 
3.  Post  Office     .    .    . 
3.  Coil  rt  House     .     . 
6.  J'a/Oiecu  Market 
6.  St.  Anus 

8.  Military  School    . 

9.  Crystal  Pa/ace 


Fs- 
K.4. 

r.  4 

11.4 
!•■   4 


-flTir'  I      r        20.  St  Paul  fPres.  J  .     .     .     .  C.  4.  Windsor  Hotel,  coriifr  Peel 

13        ^  \        21.yl>  hbishop's  Palace     .    .  C.  4-  "nd  Dorchester  Streets .    C.jv^  ^ 


CHURCHES. 

10.  Catholic  Cathedral  .  .  C.  4- 

11.  Moire  Dame li-  S- 

12.  Christ  Church  Cathedral  D.  3. 

13.  Cesu  (Jesuits)    .     .         .  D.  3. 

14.  St.  Patrick's  (Cath. )    .     .  Xl.  4. 
IB.  American 04. 

16.  Trinity F.  4. 

17.  Notre  Dame  de  Ponsecours  F.  5. 

18.  St.  James'  (Cath.)      .    .  F.  3. 

19.  St.  'George  ( Epis. )    .    .       C.  4- 
20.5/  Paul  (Pres.)  .    .     .    .  C.  4. 


I  22.  Plack  Nunnery  .     .    ,    ,  E.  5. 

23.  dray  .,  ....  A.  3 

24.  .Seminary  0/  St  Sulpice  .  E.  5. 

25.  ,,  „   Priests    .    ,  K.i. 

26.  St.  Mary's  College   .    .    .  D.  3. 

27.  McCtll  C.  2. 

I  28.  M Olson' i  11.4 

29.  General  Hospital     .    .    V..  3,  4 

30.  Hotel  Dieu E.  1 

31.  SkatiU);  Rink  .         .    .     .    B.  3. 

32.  /  'ictoria  Sijuare  .  .  .  .  D  4. 
23.  Place  D' .1  rmes  .  .  .  E.  5. 
34.  l^it:fr  Square  .  ...  !•".  4- 
36.  Champ  de  Mars  .     .    1".  4. 

HOTELS 

36.  St.  Lawrence  Hall 

39.  AlHon 

40.  R.  R.  Station C.  5 

Windsor  Hotel,  corner  Peel 


E.  4. 
D.S. 


!  / 


u 


h^ 


':l! 


the  westei 

ScJiuylur  ( 

fiel,  wliich 

men  ci\i>tn 

«  w.ill  witi 

"ifli  a  fi.iii 

men.    (Jcn 

oiied  in  1',.] 

"liny  iijiili>i 

"lerce  set  ir 

•■"iMpletioa 

<T«i.se  UiiH  f, 

Montreal 

fill  cities  on 
"f  tlie  Ottai 
"•''it'll,  from 
''iivrenco  is 
lined  with  lo 
I'lK'TMlIed  t 
ft'tuisluir" 
'"  P'iiiii  and 
fiiiildiiicr.s  [<f  y 

I  ire  Frcricli,  i 
I  iiabited  Jjy  p^ 

t.'ieport  whici 

pliileit.smani 

^leViotori 

P' St- James 
F^vand  eJega, 

P"  ">  Anieric;, 
™'ng-room.s, 
Ksome  fine 
f''  opposite  t 
F'll  (beyond  Sl 

f'reDame,  tlL 

f '^'"is  on  the  fl 
B  ft.  Avide,  a. 
r  Tiieinterii 
r  fowers  on  tl; 
pest  form  of 
rh  and  in 
ff'^a,  \veigl,in, 

['"thedoor-ke 
'"fJ  its  envi 


MONTUKAL. 


Route  54.     oG9 


the  western  suburbs,  and  killed  200  of  the  inliiibitiintJi,  and  a  Hbort  tiino  after  Col. 
Si:lmyli;r destroyed  Montreal  with  troopH  Irnm  New  Yorli.  uaviiiK  only  tiio  cita- 
del, wliirli  hi.f  utmost  ellbrts  i  niild  not  it'dm  <;.  In  1700  Loid  AnihiM'st  imd  17,000 
men  i';>l»tiin!d  tlio  city,  whicii  tiien  hiul  4,000  inhabitiints,  ami  wan  Kiirrounded  by 
a  wall  with  11  redoubts  and  a  citadel.  In  1775  Ethan  Allen  attacked  Montreal 
With  ;i  handl'nl  of  Vernionters,  and  was  dei'iiated  and  captured,  witli  loO  of  his 
men.  (icu.  Trcscott  sent  tlicni  to  Rni^land  as  "banditti,"  and  Allen  was  impris- 
oned in  IVndcnnis  Castle.  In  the  fall  of  177')  the  city  was  talvcii  by  the  American 
aiin\  inider  Gen.  iMont^'oinery.  With  the  close  of  tlie  War  of  ISl,'),  a  brisk  coni- 
meivc  set  in,  and  the  city  Krew  rapidly,  havinj.',  in  ISJI,  lft,7(i7  inhabitants.  The 
(ompletion  of  the  (irand  Trunk  Railway  gre.itly  benclited  thi.s  place,  and  Its  in- 
(iva.se  hxs  for  many  years  been  steady,  suljstantial,  and  rapid. 


,1' 


Montreal  (192,000  inhabitants),  tlio  nietrnpolis  of  tlic  Dominion  jof 
f'anaila,  and  "  the  Queen  of  the  St.  Lawrence,"  is  on(!  of  the  most  beauti- 
ful cities  on  the  continent.  It  is  .situated  on  an  island  (at  the  conlhience 
of  the  Ottawa  and  St.  Lawrence  Rivers)  containing  197  .s(iuaro  miles,  and 
which,  from  it.s  fertility,  has  been  called  the  garden  of  Canada.  The  St. 
I,:i\vrenco  is  LJ  M.  wide  opi)osite  the  city,  and  the  whole  river-front  is 
Hneil  with  lofty  and  ma.ssive  walls,  (|uays,  and  terraces  of  gray  limestone, 
unri|ualled  elsewhere  hi  the  world,  except  at  Liverpool,  Paris,  and  St. 
Pi'tei,-<lnirg.  The  commercial  buildings  in  the  city  are  generally  of  stone 
:i  plain  and  substantial  architecture,  while  the  number  of  fine  public 
buildings  i.s  very  large.  ^  of  the  i)oi)ulation  are  Catholics,  most  of  whom 
ire  French,  while  the  bright  suburban  villages  are  almost  entirely  in- 
habited by  Frenchmen.  Although  Montreal  is  800  M.  from  the  sea,  it  is 
I  tlie  port  which  receives  the  greater  i>art  of  tlie  importations  to  Canada, 
while  its  manufacturing  Interests  are  of  great  extent  and  importance. 

Tlie  Victoria  Square  is  a  public  ground  at  the  intersection  of  McGill 
land  St.  James  Sts.,  in  which  a  statue  of  the  Queen  has  been  placed.    The 
lirtv  and  elegant  Gothic  building  of  the  Y.  M.  C  A.  (the  oldest  associa- 
tion in  America)  fronts  on  this  square,  and  is  supplied  with  comfortable 
tading-rooms,    parlors,   etc.       Going    eastward    on    Great    St.   James 
p,  some  fine   banks,  insurance  and  commercial  buildings  are  passed, 
pi  opposite  the  beautiful  Corinthian  colonnade  of  the  Bank  of  Mon- 
Val  (beyond  St.  Fran9ois  Xavier  St.,  the  Wall  St.  of  Montreal)  the 
pace  d' Amies  is  seen.      Here  is  the  lofty  front  of  the   Churcll  of 
potre  Oame,  the  largest  church  on  the  continent,  with  seats  for  8,000 
«"soiis  on  the  floor,  and  '2,000  in  the  galleries.     It  is  255|  ft.  long  and 
Wi  ft.  wide,  and  has  a  chancel  window  of  stained  glass,  64  x  32  ft.  in 
F.   The  interior  is  not  striking,  and  the  pictures  are  poor.    There  are 
towers  on  the  front,  each  220  ft.  high,  and,  like  tlie  church,  in  the 
uplest  form  of  mediaeval  Gothic  architecture.     One  tower  has  a  chime 
Wlls,  and  in  the  other  hangs   "  Gros  Bourdon,"  the  largest  bell  in 
N'iea,  weighing  nearly  15  tons.     The  tower  is  generally  open  (small 
I  to  the  door  keeper),  and  alTords  from  its  summit  a  noble  *  view  of  the 
and  its  environs  (especially  of  the  rivft",  the  bridge,  and  islaiKls). 
16*  X 


.m 

"«i 

.-:>'■ 

ir\ 

"'  m 

1 

'1 

'  1 

H 

•  ;9  ' 

% 

^I'l 

»\'.\ 


,!f-.1 


l! 


i  i 


•J'  '-    H 


5'  \ 


^>. 


^  ^^3^ 

""^X-^^- 

.0^.  -^^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


C  <r  % 


1.0 


1.1 


1.25 


mWjS    |2.5 
12.2 


Ao    Hill  2.0 


18 


u  1^ 


6' 


P» 


<^ 


/} 


V 


PhotDgraphic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


as  WIST  MAIN  STRiET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4S03 


S 


:i7 


\ 


iV 


N> 


z 

6 


\' )' 


ifcj'i'' ' 


370    Route  54. 


MONTREAL. 


Alongside  the  church  is  the  ancient  Seminary  of  St.  Sulpice,  on  the  site 
of  the  Seminary  of  1657,  as  the  church  is  near  the  site  of  the  Notre 
Dame  of  1671.     The  present  church  was  built  1824-9,  and  was  conse- 
crated by  the  Bishop  of  Telmesse  in  partibus.     Fronting  on  tlie  Place 
d'Armes  is  the  elegant  Ontario  Bank  and  the  hall  of  the  Grand  Lod^'o 
of  Masons  of  Canada.     A  short  distance  to  the  E.,  on  Notre  Damo 
St.,  an  archway  on  the  r.  admits  one  to  the  extensive  and  secluded  Con- 
vent of  the  Black  Nuns.     Farther  on,  the  Court  House  is  seen  on  tlie  1.,-- 
a  stately  stone  building  in  the  Ionic  architecture  (300x125  ft.),  buck  of 
which  is  the  Cluimp  de  Mars,  or  Parade  Ground,  an  open  space  covering  j 
50,000  square  yards,  and  fronted  by  the  old  building  of  the  Dondnioii 
Military  School.     Just  beyond  the  Court  House,  the  Jacques  C'aitierj 
Square  opens  off  Notre  Dame  St.,  and  is  encumbered  with  a  dilapidated! 
monument  to  Nelson.     The  Jacques  Cartier  Normal  School  (in  the  ancient! 
French  Government  building)  and  the  Institut  Canadien  (with  a  f,m\ 
library)  front  on  the  Government  Garden,  at  the  head  of  this  square.    By 
the  next  side-street  (St.  Claude)  to  the  r.,  the  Bonseoours  Market  niaj 
be  visited.     This  market  is  unrivalled  in  America,  and  is  built  of  stonej 
at  a  cost  of  $300,000.     It  is  3  stories  high,  has  a  dome,  and  presents  an 
imposing  front  to  the  river.     The  curious  French  costumes  and  languagd 
of  the  country  people  who  congregate  here  on  market-days,  as  well  as  som(j 
peculiarities  of  the  wares  offered  for  sale,  render  a  visit  very  interest iuQ 
Alongside  of  the  market  is  the  Bonsecours  Church  (accommodating  2,000| 
which  was  built  in  1658.      A  short  distance  beyond  is  the  extensivj 
Quebec  Gate  Barrack,  on  Dalhousie  Square,  while  the  Victoria  Pier  make 
out  into  the  stream  towards  St.  Helen's  Isle  (a  fortified  depot  of  ammn 
nition^nd  war  inateriel).     To  the  N.,  on  Ci.iig  St.,  is  the  attractive  Vig6J 
Gaiden,  with  a  small  conservatory  and  several  fountains,  fronting 
which  is  Trinity  Church  (Episcopal),  built  of  Montreal  stone  in  Ear^ 
pnglish  Gothic  architecture,  and  accommodating  4,000  persons.    N. 
Trinity,  and  also  on  St.  Denis  St.,  is  St.  James  Church  (Catholic),  in  th 
pointed  Gothic  style,  with  rich  stained  glass.     Some  distance  E.  of  Da 
housie  Square,  on  St.  Mary  St.,  is  Molson's  College  (abandoned)  and 
Thomas  Church  (Episcopal),  with  the  great  buildings  of  Molson's  brewe^ 
and  the  Papineau  Market  and  Square. 

McGill  St.  is  an  important  thoroughfare  leading  S.  from  Victoria  Squa 
to  the  river.  Considerable  wholesale  trade  ia  done  here  and  in  the  intd 
secting  St.  Paul  St.  The  Dominion  and  Cathedral  Buildings  are  ricli  ai 
massive,  while  just  beyond  is  the  extensive  St.  Ann's  Market,  on  the  s| 
of  the  old  Parliament  House.  In  1849  the  Earl  of  Elgin  signed  the 
popular  Rebellion  Bill,  upon  which  he  was  attacked  by  a  nioli,  who  al 
drove  the  Assembly  from  the  Parliament  House,  and  burnt  that  huijiliii 
Commissioners'  St.  leads  E.  J)y  St.  Aim's  Market  and  the  elegant  Cusli 


.% 


\  •. 


ice,  on  the  site 
e  of  the  Notre 
and  was  conse- 
\<f  on  the  Pliice 
he  Grand  Loilf^o 
on  Notre  Daiuo 
id  secluded  Con- 
seen  on  the  1.,-- 
125  ft.),  back  of 
;n  space  covering! 
of  the  Doniitiiou] 
Jacques  Cavtierj 
rith  a  dihipiautetl] 
ool  (in  the  ancient] 
,dieu  (with  a  fine! 
)f  this  square.    By| 
ours  Market  maj 
is  built  of  stone^ 
le,  and  presents  ail 
umes  and  languagj 
ays,  as  well  as  som^ 
|sit  very  interesting 
jonimodating  2,000 
d  is  the  exteusiv| 
Ivictoria  Pier  make 
)d  depot  of  arnnui 
the  attractive  Vig^ 
ntains,  fronting 
Ireal  stone  in  Earlj 
lOO  persons.    N- 
;li  (Catholic),  iu  tl 
distance  E.  of  Da 
labandoned)  and  31 
of  Molsou's  brewe^ 

from  Victoria  Squa 

Bve  and  in  the  int^ 

[uildings  are  rich  aj 

Market,  on  tlie  s| 

i:igin  signed  tlie ' 

by  a  mob,  who  al 

burnt  that  buiMiif 

the  elegant  Cuslt 


MONTREAL. 


Route  54.     371 


Hoitse  to  the  broad  promenades  on  the  river- walls.  Ottawa  St.  leads  to 
the  W.  to  the  great  masonr)-^  of  the  Lachine  Canal  Basins  and  the  vicinity 
of  the  Victoria  Bridge. 

Radegonde  St.  and  Beaver  Hall  Hill  lead  N.  from  Victoria  Square, 
passing  Zion  Church,  where  the  Gavazzi  riots  took  place  in  1853.  The 
armed  congregation  repulsed  the  assailants  twice,  and  then  the  troops 
restored  peace,  40  men  being  killed  or  seriously  wounded.  Just  above  is 
the  Baptist  Church,  overlooked  by  the  tall  Church  of  tlie  Messiah  (Uni- 
tarian), with  St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  Church  on  the  r.  A  few  steps  to 
ther.,  Lagauchetiere  St.  leads  to  St.  Patrick's  Church,  a  stately  Gothic 
building,  240  ft.  long  by  90  ft.  wide,  accommodating  5,000  persons,  and 
adorned  with  a  spire  225  ft.  high.  The  nave  is  very  lofty,  and  the  narrow 
lancet  windows  are  filled  with  stained  glass.  A  short  distance  farther, 
on  Bleury  St.,  are  the  massive  stone  buildings  of  St.  Mary's  College 
(Jesuit),  near  the  front  of  the  Churoh  of  the  Oestl.  The  nave  of  this 
church  (75  ft.  high)  is  bounded  by  rich  composite  columns,  and  the  tran- 
septs are  144  ft.  long,  while  the  walls  are  covered  with  fine  frescos. 

Over  the  High  Altar  is  the  Crucifixion,  and  the  Adoration  if  the  Spotless 
bml),  above  which  is  tlie  Nativity.  Ayainst  the  columns  at  the  cri)s:,ing  of  the 
nave  and  transepts  are  statues  of  St.  Mark  with  a  lion,  St.  Matthew  with  an  ox, 
St.  Luke  with  a  child,  and  St.  John  with  an  eagle.  On  the  ceiling  of  the  nave 
ire  frescos  of  St.  Thomas  Rejientant,  the  Bleeding  Lamb,  and  the  Virgin  and 
Child  amid  angelic  choirs.  Medallions  along  the  nave  contain  portraits  of  8  saints 
otthe  Order  oif  Jesus.  Over  r..3  Altar  of  the  Virgin,  in  the  1.  transept,  is  a  fresco 
of  the  Trinity,  near  which  is  a  painting  of  St.  Aloysius  Gouzaga  receiving  his  first 
cmnmunion  from  St.  Chai'les  Borromeo,  Cardinal  Archbishop  of  Milan.  To  the  r. 
iia  fresco  of  St.  Ignatius  Loyola  in  the  grotto  of  Manresa,  and  on  the  1.  is  Christ's 
Appearance  to  him  near  Rome,  while  above  is  Christ  Blessing  Little  Children. 
Over  St.  Joseph's  Altar,  in  the  r.  transept,  is  a  painting  of  the  Eternal  Father,  on 
the  r.  of  which  is  another  picture,  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka  Receiving  Communion 
ftom  Angels.  On  the  1.  is  a  fresco  of  the  Maityrdom  of  the  Jesuits  at  Nagasaki 
i  (Japan) ;  on  the  r.  is  the  Martyrdom  of  St.  Andrew  Bobola.  in  Poland  ;  and  above 
is  the  Raising  of  Lazarus.     On  the  ceiling  is  the  Holy  Family  at  Work. 

Turning  now  to  the  W.  on  St.  Catharine  St. ,  one  soon  reaches  Christ 
I  Church  Cathedral,  the   best  representative  of   English  Gothic  archi- 
tecture ill  America.     It  is  built  of  Caen  and  Montreal  stone,  is  cruciform, 
ttd  a  stone  spire  224  ft,  high  springs  from  the  centre  of  the  cross.    The 
ttioir  has  a  fine  window  and  some  carved  stalls,  and  is  laid  with  encaustic 
tiles,  wliile  the  pointed  roof  of  the  nave  (67  ft.  high)  is  sustained  by 
tolumns  whose  capitals  are  carved  to  represent  Canadian  plants.    Near  the 
I  Cathedral  is  a  quaint  octagonal  chapter-house,  used  also  for  the  diocesan 
j library,  and  the  house  of  the  Lord  Bishop  (and  Metropolitan  of  Canada) 
pin  the  same  vicinity.     A  short  distance  N.  is  MoGill  College,  or  Uni- 
I'ersity,  which  was  endowed  in  1814  and  opened  in  1828.     It  is  below  the 
jfservoir  on  Mount  Royal,  from  which  a  charming  view  of  the  city  and 
mr  may  be  gained.    Some  distance  W.  of  the  college,  and  fronting  on 
jtlie  same  street  (Sherbrooke),  is  the  vast  and  imposing  Seminary  of  St. 
|%Ve,  for  the  education  of  Roman  Catholic  priests.     On  St.  Catharine, 


U\ 


%. 


\  % 


il. 


?i 

*-  1 

i 
1 

1  \ 

\ 

t 

: 

:i  I 


}\ 


372    Route  54.  THE  LACHINE  RAPIDS. 


liMi. 


"   ■i' 


rear  St.  George  St.,  is  the  Asylum  for  the  Blind,  with  a  chapel  liclily  an(l 
elegantly  decorated  and  frescoed,  and  built  in  a  light  and  delicate  form  of 
Romanesque  architecture.     W.  of  the  Cathedral  is  the  Erskine  Church 
(Presbyterian),  and  also  the  Church  of  St.  James  the  Apostle,  a  rraceful 
Gothic  building  with  an  adnjirnble  tower  and  spire.     Near  tlie  cemetory 
on  Dorchester  St.  are  the  following  churches,  —  the  Wesleyan  i^Ietlindist 
a  graceful  building  in  the  English  Gothic  style  ;  the  American  iVesliy- 
terian,  an  exact  copy  of  the  Park  Church  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  ;  and  the 
Church  of  St.  George  (Episcopal),  an  elegant  edifice  in  decorated  Gothic  1 
architecture,  with  deep  transepts,  costly  stained  windows,  a  tiniljor  roof 
and  fine  school -buildings  attached.     On  the  E.  side  of  this  s(iuaie  is  the 
Bishop's  Palace,  near  which  are  the  slowly  rising  walls  of  llie  inimonsej 
new  Catholic  Cathedral,  which  is  to  be  built  on  the  model  of  St.  Peter's] 
t  «  at  Rome,  though  smaller.     Farther  to  the  W.  on  Dorchester  St.,  on  the! 

r,,  is  seen  the  vast  cmciform  building  of  the  Gray  iV7<»npn/ (fonndejj 
1692),  with  a  Foundling  Hospital  and  a  Refuge  for  the  infirm.  Munt  StcJ 
Marie  is  the  large  building  opposite  (across  Dorchester  St. ),  wliicli  wai 
erected  for  a  Baptist  College,  but  has  become  a  ladies'  boarding-sclinoi 
under  the  Congregational  Nuns  (of  the  Black  Nunnery,  who  have,  in  thj 
city,  57  schools  and  12,000  pupils.  The  order  was  founded  by  l\Iargiieritl 
Bourgcoys  in  1659).  Farther  E.  on  Dorchester  St.  are  the  fine  buildingJ 
of  St.  Paul's  and  the  Knox  Presbyterian  Churches.  Tliore  are  mani 
other  fine  churches  and  public  buildings  in  the  city,  and  the  streets  towar 
Mount  Royal  are  lined  with  attractive  villas. 

Tliere  are  pleasant  excursions  from   Montreal  to  Monklands  and  th^ 
Isle  Jesus;  to  Hochelaga,  the  vast  Convent  of  the  Holy  Name  of  Mr 
and  Longue  Pointe;  to  the  Tanneries,  Cote  St.  Paul,  and  Lachine, 
carriage ;  but  the  two  favorite  trips  are  to  the  mountain  and  to  tlie  rapid^ 
"  Around  the  Mountain,"  it  is  9  M.,  by  going  out  St.  Lawrence  ]\Iain  St 
by  the  immense  Hotel  Dieu,  and  up  the  long  slopes  to  tlie  pretty  villa^ 
of  Cote  des  Neiges.     Ascending  the  mountain  thence,  a  glorious  view 
soon  revealed,  embracing  the  city,  a  great  expanse  of  the  river,  with  tt 
bridge,  St.  Helen's  Isle,  and  Longueuil,  and  the  blue  peaks  of  Vcrnioj 
far  away  in  the  S.     On  the  slope  of  Mount  Royal  is  the  Cemetery,  wliid 
is  entered  by  stately  portals,  and  shows  some  very  creditable  moiiunienlj 
—  especially  those  of  the  Molson  family. 

Tlie  liRchlne  Rapids  are  visited  by  taking  the  7  A.  M.  train  (at  the  Bonav« 
ture  iStation,)  to  LacJiiiie,  where  a  steamer  is  in  waitinj;,  by  wliicli  tlie  tiy.iil 
retunis  tln-ongh  the  rapids  to  Montreal  'arriving  about  9  a.  m.).  Alter  tiikin/ 
pilot  from  the  Indian  village  of  Caughnawaga,  the  steamer  ])asses  out. 

"  Suddenly  a  scene  ol'  wild  grandeur  hursts  upon  the  c,ve ;  waves  are  lasii 
into  siiray  and  into  breakers  of  a  thousand  forms  by  the  submerged  ro'Us  « IJ 
tltey  are  dashed  against  in  the  headUmg  impetuosity  of  the  river.  Wliirlp"(;lT 
storm-lashed  sea,  the  chasm  below  Niagara,  all  mingle  their  sublimity  in  a  !*inl 
npid.  Now  passing  with  lightning  speed  within  a  few  yards  of  rooks,  wliij 
did  your  vessel  but  touch  them,  would  reduce  her  to  an  utter  wreck  before 


mm- 


MONTREAL  TO  QUEBEC. 


».      ,j  Route  5u.     .S?.*? 

frash  could  sound  nnnn  ♦!,«  .  "•       L*  <  O 

-  if  lier  head  were  Jo?  v^^Z '  ^^\  "'^^  «^«n  diveive  in  th«  , 
instaatly  subn.ergeU  Iml  n,  i.t  ™'«'''  ^'"'  the  coSofth '""''* .^'•°'"  »'er  course 
Pice  of  waters  ;  on  every  side  of' i?  ^""1  ''''■^^-    Sre  ui''/"*"'^',-'^''^  wouW  be 
hii'h  into  the  air.     Ere  Lin  fj    breakers,  like  dense  L^i  ""  «l^«"lute  ..rci  i! 

«,J1  of  waves  and  foam  Ki5r5\^„^^'''«^*  *''«  «S  St^.t''!"''  '^"""^" 
kcalni.  unruffled  boso...  °A& /"  '  '«  -i  set-ond  afJiu' l',^  .^'"'^t  descends' 


the  calm,  unruffled  boson,  nfi.i'  "i','*  '"  ^  set^oud  aftorw«;;.      "^'^^  descends' 
Tlie  steamer,  just  be"b,/  rf''^''  *''«  '•'I'i'ls.'"    ""^''^^^rds  you  are  floating 

it  limSo^ne^'rasttr «J-''^:  ^Z  *'"  "'"'•'^- 


the 
on 


^^'  Montreal  to  auebec  -Thft  Qf  t 

,?l.  '-^-  and  elegant  rov!^       7'  ^  ^^'^^  ^^W. 

tiie  Riche'.eu  Pier  Tfnnf !.//"'  '"''*''  steamers  of  +>,-  •d-  v  . 

««ebei  early  tKiSllt^^'^A^'-i^^'^^  «"" 're)  Sn'l't'S.v''"'"^"-^  >«-ve 

neran  twioe  or  thrice  weThf,    /^"'''»«  ^^ertain  seasonr«  ;+      ^'  **"''  ""•:>e  at 

It  was  tliought  that  th.Tw     'f-  ^^^ween  the  two  cifiH  T  *•  ^t«amer  of  the  same 

f*red  toVe  evtinrboS       ''""f,^  "^  StS  efi'  S'l^f^'-'^'^y  ^orSng 

%««.;/,  wl.ere  tl.ere  are  ir.any  vl  LL^  '^''  °"  *^^«  ^-  b-^k  is 

lisbrt  distance  below  on  th«  1   i     ?   P^'^t^"^ing  to  wealthy  city  «enn' 
K  S.„,,  ,,  ,,  p;  ™  ^^-'-;  Wue  Pointe,  wW^rC 

C  ft,"  '""''  "'^^^  ^^'^  a„ci;nt  Xe  wh[?i  ^"*"^'  ^'^^'^^^  -- 
r  5  "f  ^  «°ters  the  channels  between  tli  '  ^'^"'  ^^^^^     The 

t  >'  e,  fan^ous  for  duck-shooting  1^1  !b'  "^'^'^'^  ^^^''^"^'^  ^^  Sou 
I  co.se  of  Winter.  Passing  Z.ZZ.t'''''''''"'  "'^'^''  ^--  '^-e 
F'n  the  S.,  the  mouth  of  the  Rivi.CT    S        '"•'  ^^^^»  *h«  bol.l  Belceil 

h--ennes,  from  which  a  ste^  run'7   m  ''^"^''«  ""''-^'^l  «Print 
|"^-«r  now  passes  between  tho  1   T      ^'"^'"'^^^  ''"^^  ^imos  a  w  "k 
peour,  and  St.  Ours,  on  the  r  T        '  °^  ^'"^  ^^^^'^^l,  VercWes' 
k  and  Dautraye  on  ZT.ll^''^^:'  ''  '''''''''  ^a  V.^I^La 

I   iiui.     ijiig  pjjjgg  occupies  an  Unr.^  <-     1       '       '  ^"^  *own  of  Sorel 


,.,,.     ;p 


*i:;ih-"A  i 


■if  !■' 


H 


1 


V4  1 1 


rnj 


374    Route  55.      THE  ST.   LAWRENCE  RIVER. 

terwArds  "William  IV.)  an  abortive  attempt  was  made  to  change  its  name 
to  William  Henry.     The  place  has  about  3,000  inhabitants,  and  is  built 
aroimd  a  large  square,  near  which  are  fine  Roman  and  Anglican  rliurches. 
The  hunting  and  fishing  in  this  vicinity  are  of  provincial  fame.    The 
steamer  now  passes  another  archipelago,  and  at  5  M.  below  Sorul  enters 
Lake  St.  Peter,  a  broadening  of  the  river  25  M.  long  and  9  M.  widp.    The 
lake  is  shallow,  but  has  a  deep  and  narrow  channel  (partly  artifioiul) 
which  is  marked  out  by  buoys  and  poles,  and  is  used  by  large  vessels. 
Immense  lumber-rafts  are  often  seen  here,  drifting  downward  like  Jloatiii" 
islands,  and  bearing  streamers,  sails,  and  the  rude  huts  of  the  hiiiibfr- 
men.     In  .stormy  weather  on  the  lake  these  rafts   sometimes  come  tul 
pieces.     Soon  after  entering  this  broad  expanse,  the  mouth  of  the  St.  j 
Francis  River  is  seen  on  the  r.,  with  the  village  of  St.  Francis.    Belowl 
the  shores  of  Lussaudiere  and  St.   Antoine,  the  mouth  of  the  Nicoletj 
River  appears  on  the  r.,  and  farther  down  (on  the  1.)  is  the  village  of| 
Fond  du  Lac.    Three  Bivers  is  now  approached,  and  the  .stoaiuer  stojii 
midway  between  Montreal  and  Quebec.     This  city  was  founded  (as  Tioii 
Rivieres)  in  1618,  and  has  at  present  9,000  inhabitants,  witli  a  large  trail 
in  lun  ber,  which  is  brought  down  the  St.  Maurice  River.     The  Cutholl 
Cathedral,  the  Ursuline  Convent,  and  other  fine  buildings  adorn  the  citj 

The  St.  Maurice  liiver  waters  a  clistrii't  of  immense  (and  unknown)  cxteq 
abounding  in  lakes  and  in  forests.    Portions  of  tliis  great  northern  wiltkina 
have  been  visited  by  the  lumbermen,  who  conduct  rafts  to  Three  llivi'is,  wli^ 
the  lumber  is  sawed.     About  22  M.  above  tlie  city  are  the  noble  Falls  of  the  Ska 
anegan,  where  the  great  river  plunges  over  a  perpendicular  descent  of  150  It.,  1 
tween  the  lotty  rocks  called  La  Grand-Mere  and  Le  Jionhomme.    A  few  miles  ab(l 
are  the  Falls  of  the  Grand-M^re.    These  falls  are  visited  by  cngagini,'  caiincs 
guides  at  Three  Rivers,  while  hunting-parties  conducted  by  Canadian  mynnn 
or  Algonquin  Indians  sometimes  pass  thence  into  the  remote  northern  funst^ 
pursuit  of  the  larger  varieties  of  game.    Three  Rivers  is  widely  known  tor 
foundries,  where  bog-iron  ore  is  converted  into  car-wheels  and  stoves. 

Opposite  Three  Rivers  is  Doucet's  Landing,  at  Becancour,  the  teriu^ 
of  a  branch  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  (see  Route  40),  and  to  the  N.[ 
across  the  St.  Maurice, 'is  the  thriving  village  of  Cap  de  la  Magdela 
The  steamer  passes  Gentilly  (on  the  r.)  and  stops  at  Batiscan,  17  Mj 
low  Three  Rivers,  then  passes  Ste.   Marie  and  Ste.  Anne,  on  the  I. 
St.  Pierre,  on  the  r.     Lotbiniere,  on  the  r. ,  is  seen,  and  then  the  vi 
of  St.  Croix,  standing  on  Pointe  Platon.     Point  aux  Trembles  nuul 
transition  from  the  low  shores  toward  Lake  St.  Peter  to  the  lofty  suifl 
of  the  Laurentian  Mts.     St.  Augustin  (1.)  and  St.  Antoine  (r.)  are  i 
passed,  and  then  the  mouth  of  the  Chaudiore,  Cap  Rouge,  and  the  \l 
of  St,  Jean  Chrysostome.     The  heights  of  Poi7it  Levi  now  appear  ( 
r.,  and  on  the  1.  are  the  walls  and  .spires  of  Qnebec.    Travellers 
night-boat  should  ma^e  arrangements  to  be  awakened  an  hour 
reaching  the  end  of  the  route,  as  the  view  of  Quebec  from  the  rij 
early  morning  is  a  thing  which  can  naver  be  forgotten. 


>IU 


3  change  its  name 
ants,  and  is  built 
Lnglican  churches. 
incial  fiinio.  The 
elow  Horul  enters 
d  9  M.  wi.le.   The 

(partly  artificial), 
I  by  hirge  vessels. 
nwavd  like  Uoatiug 
its  of  the  luinher- 
ometinies  come  to] 

mouth  of  the  St. 
;.   Francis.    Belovrj 
uth  of  the  Nicolet 
I  is  the  village  ofl 

the  steamer  stopd 
s  founded  (as  Troij^ 
1,  with  a  large  trail 
iver.     The  Cathol( 
.ings  adorn  the  cit]j 

,nd  unknown)  cxten 
t  northern  wiklfina 
,  Three  Ilivers,  wli^ 
oble  Falls  of  the  ^ha 
descent  of  l'»0  ft-. ' 
lie.  A  few  miles  abd 
r  cngagint;  caimes  ^ 
3y  Canadian  i'OHf^d 
ite  northern  forest^ 
i  widely  known  lor 
and  stoves. 


SSI 


QUEBEC. 


'^•»figtican  '  ^•* 

3-  <^r-  John  Cnih  \  '  *• 


Z\\    7-  St.  Sauveut 
«•  St.  ffocfy 

f^'cto/tes 
'o- >»'-cA6/^/,o„..'p  .  '  -  ^■'*■ 


0.3. 

0.3. 
A.  2. 
C.2. 

F.4. 


14-  Ursuiine 

»5-  Gray  Sisters 

l^-^<^"9>egationai:: 

\l  Genera,  Hospital 
"•  i»arine 

»9.  Mortin  College 

'°'<entGate 

^^- Oourt  House 

^^-  1'°"^"  Lands  Dep.' 
23  High  School 

24.  Governor's  Garden 

J  ^"^iom  House 

f  ^/'^"Wlain  Market 
27  Jail  .  .  _ 

f- ^'"^'''^'^onunieni  '  B  . 

29  ^-erican  Consulate  F3 
^- St.  John's  Gate  .  n  l' 
31- St.  Louis  "n 

32  Prescott        "      "ir,^- 
32  Hope  "      •'^■f'-4- 

34.  Palace  "        •  •  ^•* 

"      '  •  ■  E.3. 


e.4. 

■  0.3. 

•  C.2. 

•  b:2. 

■  0.1, 
'  e.3. 
'  0.3, 

•  e.4. 

•  e.4. 

£.4. 

e.4. 

F.4. 
B.6. 
B.6. 


^f  i 


I  Jll 


').  'f 


XI 


« 


■ill 

-  <  f 
.5'! 


QUEBEC. 


Catholic  Cathedral  . 
Anglican 

Wesleyun  Chuuh  .  . 
Presbyterian  Church 
St.  Johii(Cath.)  „  .  . 
.  St.  Matthew  „  . 
St.  Sauveur  ,,  .  . 
St.  Roch 
Notre  Dame  des 

Victoirea    .... 
Archbishop's  Palace 


C.2. 

r.4. 

£3. 


.  Seminary £ .  s. 

.  Laual  University  .  .  F.3. 
.  Hotel  Dieu  Convent .  E.  3. 
.  Ursuiine  „     .  E.  4. 

.  Gray  Sisters  „  .  D.  3. 
.  Congregational  „     .  C.2. 

General  Hospital  .  .  B.2. 
.  Marine         „         .  .  C.  1. 

Morrin  College .  ,  .  .  E.3. 

Kent  Gate D.3. 


Court  House E.4. 

Crown  Lands  Dep.    .  E.  4. 

High  School E.4. 

Governor's  Garden  .  E.  4. 
Custom  House  .  .  .  .  F.3. 
Champlain  Market   .  F.  4. 

Jail B.5 

Wolfe's  Monument  .  B.5. 
American  Consulate  F.3. 


.  St.  John's  Gate 

.  St.  Louis      „ 

Prescott       „ 

Hope  „ 

Palace         ,, 


.  .  D.3. 
,  .  D  4. 

E.F.4. 

.  E.3. 

.  E.3. 


35.  St.  Louis  Hotel  .  .  .  E.4. 

36.  Stadacona E.3. 

37  Parliament  Building  D.4. 
38.  Post  Office E.3. 


m-' 

(  . 

L^K  J'  i 

I-'" 

J^^Kg*  ■ 

■  '*' 

Wiv- 

lli 

Hi^ij ' 

^f     s 

1  'si 

mJ| 

■.'! 

I  .1-, 


QUEBEC. 


Route  66.     375 


56.  Quebec. 


Arrivals    If  the  traveller  has  iiinoli  l)a;,';;a},'c,  It  Is  best  to  take  the  hotel-car- 

ria;i'  ti>  tiu!  Ujntcr  Town.     The  aihrke  is  not  aclai>tc'il  to  canyiii},'  luggagt'. 

Uotelfl.  Tiiu  Ut.  Louis  Hotel  (near  tiu;  Durliani  T'-nact')  Is  a  laiv;e  ohl  house, 
aoiiiiii:;!o  latiiij,' 4 -.000  ^,'iu'sls,  at  «<:t  - ;t.i'iO  a  ilay.  Tlie  Ailiiuii  llmisi-  (on  I'al- 
areSt  )  is  less  pretentions  and  expensive.  Hcnclieys  Hotel,  opposite  tlie  An^,'li- 
caii  Callii'ilral,  is  (piiet  and  moderate  (for  Kentlenien  Iriivdlin;;* /t  ijiiifiii).  In  llio 
I/nvi'r  I'own  are  Ulaiichard's  Hotel  and  sever  il  others,  two  of  wliidi  are  French. 

CnrrlnK«8  in  every  variety  may  \h:  jirocnred  at  the  stahles,  bnttlnMisnahuodo 
of  riillii;,'  is  by  the  cnVecJie.  a  sini^nlar  and  >isn  illy  very  shabby-looking  vehiide, 
wri'iieil  on  twi>  high  wheels,  with  the.  driver  sit  tin,.,'  on  a  narrow  led^'o  in  front. 
These  vehielea  are  drawn  by  lamely  but  hanly  little  horses,  and  are  usually  driven 
by  Ficrirh  Canadians.  1  -  2  persons  may  engage  a  cf(/('c/i«  to  go  to  the  Montnio- 
nm  Fails,  Lorette,  or  Cap  Rouge,  for  ^'2.00.  //orsc-cars  traverse  the  rivcrward 
stri'ets  in  the  Lower  Town. 

Iteadinff-ronms.  The  Y  M.  C  AsRoelntlon,  outside  St.  John  Gate,  and  the 
(Ifpttit  lit)rary  of  the  Quel>ec  Illstoricul  Society  (in  Morrln  College)  are  opeu  to  the 
d^itAof  xtruDgers. 

iRiiiSuaice*  More  than  half  of  the  citizens  of  Qnebeo,  and  nearly  all  of  the 
inliiibitaiits  of  the  surrounding  villages,  speak  Fren-  '^  as  their  motlier-tonguo. 
Viry  many  of  them  have  a  knowledge,  more  or  less  pi  rfect,  of  the  English  Ian- 
pa' e,  wii'ile  many  of  the  British  eitizensspeak  French  also.  The  laujna;;©  in  its 
written  forms  (as  seen  in  the  numerous  French  books,  magazines,  and  newspapers 
lublislicil  in  Quebec)  is  correct  and  intelligible,  but  tlie  speech  of  the  lower  cl.asses 
aii'l  (if  tlie  rustics  is  difheult  and  often  impossililo  to  un<ler.:itand.  It  is  not 
Puisiiui  or  even  Rouennaise  French,  but  a  strong  provincial  dialect.  l)rou;;ht 
fmm  tlu;  rural  districts  of  Normandy  in  the  17th  century,  and  cnrlcli 
ijilitiou  of  1  iter  local  idioms.  (Tlie  shan>,  dissyllabic  cry  with  which  th 
driver.siirge  their  horses  forward,  is  "  Manihe-donc") 

The  i^(■i^0J7^ce  is  on  Du  Fort  St.    The  most  attractive  shops  are  on 
in  I. St.  .John  Sts.,  and  about  the  French  Cathedral. 

Railways.     The  Grand  Trunk  Railway  has  its  terminal  station     t 
jLfvi,  ;il7  M.  from  Portland,  425  M.  from  Bixston,  580  M.  from  New  Yorl. 
i,i>St  .M.  from  New  Orleans.     There  is  also  a  railroad  of  moat  ])rimitive  construc- 
tion, with  its  terminus  in  the  Banlicuc,  which  runs  slow  and  Infreriueut  trains  up 
the  valley  of  the  8t.  Charles  for  20-25  M.    To  Boston,  see  Routes  24  and  29,  or 
1  R-iMtos  40  and  37. 

Steamers,  Ferry-boats  run  to  Point  Levi  every  ]«5  minutes  ;  also  thrice  daily 
I  to  tlie  Isle  of  Orleans  ;  and  at  varying  intervals  to  the  Fren(!l»  river-towns.    Semi- 

weelvly  steamers  run  to  the  Saguenay  River  ;  fare  to  Cacouna  and  return,  S3  00  ; 

toTadoiisac,  i$  4.00 ;  to  Ha  Ha  Bay  and  return,  ?  7.f'0.  Large  steamers  Icavo 
I  weekly  for  the  Gulf  ports;  fares  to  Father  Point  (with  meals  and  state-room), 

}yO(17J  M.)  or  2d  cla.ss,  JJ2.00;  to  Gaspe  (443  M.).  1st  class,  310.00;  2d 
Itlisj,  «4.00;  by  Perc6  and  Paspebiac  to  Dalhousic,  Chatham,  and  Newcastle, 
MU.on;  to  Shediac,  815.00;  and  to  Pictou,  1,021  M.  from  Quebec,  810.00.  The 
I lir^'e  river-steamers  of  the  Richelieu  line  leave  for  Montreal  daily.  The  Allan  line 
Icf transatl'ntic  steamers  despatches  one  ship  weekly  during  the  summer  and 
|(arlyfall. 

Quebec,  "the  Gibraltar  of  America,"  and  tlie  second  city  in  the 
IBomiiiiou  of  Canada,  is  situated  at  the  confluence  of  the  St.  Charles  and 
ISt,  Lawrence  Rivers  400  M.  from  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence,  and  180  M. 
Ibm  Montreal.  It  has  over  75,000  inhabitants,  and  its  chief  business  is 
p  the  handling  and  exportation  of  lumber,  of  which  $  5-7,000,000  worth 
jissentaway  annually.  There  are  miles  of  coves  along  the  St.  Lawrence 
lilinre,  arranged  for  the  reception  and  protection  of  the  vast  rafts  which 
Iwine  down  from  the  northern  forest.s.     A  very  considerable  export  trade 


by  the 
cal6che- 


nt 
id 


ii 


h: 


r] 


1  i  : : 

,ilj  ... 


cr- 


!',: 


i)}i 


<  j 


■    f    -Y' 


,  n 


If. 


, 


m 


!'\  '■ 


,1, 


i'! 


1.1 


i 


..:.. 


376     Route  5G. 


QUEBEC. 


ill  grain  1»  nlao  dono  here,  and  the  city  derives  much  brnefit  from  b.in'> 
the  tcrniinns  of  Iransalluiitic:  lines  of  shipping,  which  makes  il  ;i  ,l,.|,ot  r  f' 
immigration.  Quebec  is  built  nearly  in  the  form  of  a  trianf;lc,  lioiimlnl 
by  the  two  rivoi-s  and  the  Plains  of  Abraham,  and  is  divided  info  tlm 
Upper  ami  Lower  Towns,  the  former  lieiiig  enwalled  and  slr()nt;ly  fortillnl 
and  standing  on  a  I'lutf  3r)0  ft.  high,  while  the  latter  is  built  on  the  <on. 
traetcd  strii)s  between  the  clifl's  and  the  rivers.  The  streets  arc  imrrnw, 
crooked,  and  often  very  steep,  while  the  houses  are  generally  Iniilt  of 
cut  stone,  in  a  style  of  severe  simidicity. 

J(iei|ues  Carticrsct  snil  from  St.  Malo,  in  the  spring  ofisn.'j,  with  tliroo  well- 
arined  vessels,  and  steering  hnklly  to  the  westward,  he  entered  the  (iiilt  (,r  st, 
liuwrcnee  and  gave  it  its  i»rcsent  name,  in  honor  of  the  saint  on  wiiosi'  listival- 
day  he  had  made  the  discovery.     He  aseench-d  to  Stadaeona,  nn  Indian  vill,i-c  nn 
the  site  of  Queliee  (who.se  i)resent  name  is  (h-rived  from  "Quel  hee  !"  tiic  NMriiiiin 
sailors' shout  on  seeing  tlie  lol'ty  iirecipice,  or  else  from  "Queiieio,"  an  .\L'uii. 
quin  word  meaning  strait.)     After  a.scending  to  Montreal,  Cartier  ntiinicil  u 
Qucheeand  wintered  tii;'re,  anil  in  1541  a  fort  was  erected  near  Cliarleshninj;,    Tiie 
idaee  was  tlien  deserted  until  KiiW,  wlien  Champlain  founded  Quel)ee,  ami  Imilt  a 
fort  on  its  present  site.     Franciscan  moiil<s  came  to  the  new  eoloiiv  in  lOl.'p,  am! 
in  mi4  a  party  of  Jesuits  arrived.     In  lO'.'S  8ir  David  Kiriv  (or  Kertk)  attack..! 
the  i)laee,  and  in  KW.i,  after  a  long  bloci<ade,  the  r;;uglish  fleet  to(.!<  giiflicc.    It 
was  restored  to  France  in  1().'J2,  and  in  Kilta  (Jovernor  (Jhani]ilaiu  dicil  jirip  mil 
was  buried  in  the   l-ower  Town.     In  KHJ')  a  large  cargo  of  ladies  arrivcil  frdin 
France,  and  were  all  «lisi)osed  of  in  marriage  within  a  fortniglit.     In  KIT:'  the  | 
Count  de  Frontenac  was  s«Mit  here  as  Governor,  and  in  1(5!)(»  he  bravely  rcpiilsivl  j 
an  attack  by8ir  Wm.  Phii))>s's  lleet  (from  Boston),  inflicting  severe  (laiii;i^;c  liy  ,t 
cannonade  from  the  fort.     Besides  many  nuui,  the  assailants  lost  tlicii  .niniiiai's 
standard  and  eight  vessels.     In  1711  Sir  Ilovenden  Wall<er  sailed  IVumi  li'istnn 
against  Quebec,  but  he  lost  in  one  day  eight  vesr.els  and  8S4  men  by  slii|iwri'ri( 
on  the  terrible  elilTs  of  the  Kgg  Islands.     Strong  foilitk'atioiis  were  Imilt  snnn 
after  ;  and  in  17.'if>  tten.  Wolfe  eamc  u])  the  river  with  8,00)  Uritish  soldiers.    Tiie 
Marf|ui3  fie  Montcalm  was  then  Governor,  and  lie  moved  the  French  luniy  iiiM 
fortilled  lines  on  Hcrmimrt  Plains,  where  he  defeated  the  IJritish  in  a  s,iMj,'iiiiifiryl 
action.     On  the  night  of  Sept.  12,  Wolle's  army  drifted  upstream  on  tlic  risiiijjj 
tide,  and  succeeded  in  scaling  the  steep  cliffs  beyond  the  city.    They  were  lircilj 
upon  by  the  French  outposts  ;  but  belorc  Montcalm  could  bring  his  forces  ain'ssl 
the  St.  Charles  the  British  lines  were  formed  upon  the  Plains  of  Abrali.ini ;  ami  inl 
the  short  but  desperate  battle  which  ensued  both  the  generals  were  ni'irtailyj 
wounded.    The  English  lost  CG4  men,  and  the  French  Vr^t  1,.'jOO.    The  I'niiilil 
army,  which  was  largely  composed  of  provincial  levies  (with  the  regiments  el'  I.al 
Guieime,    Royal   Roussiloh,    Beam,    La  Sarre,   and  Languedoe)  gave  way,  aiiill 
retreated  aeniss  the  St.  Charles,  and  a  few  davs  later  the  city  HmTendercii,  f 

In  April,  1,30,  the  Chevalier  de  Levis  (of  that  Levis  family—  nnl:es  of  Vdit.i-l 
dour— which  claimed  to  possess  records  of  their  lineal  descent  from  the  ii.itiinvhj 
Levi)  led  the  reorganized  French  army  to  St.  Foye,  near  Quelx'c.  Gen.  Mmniy.l 
hoping  to  surprise  Levis,  advanced  (with  3,000  men)  from  his  tine  positiim  en  ii:el 
Plains  of  Abraham  ;  but  the  French  were  vigilant,  and  Murray  svas  delcati^l  ^li'il 
hurled  back  within  the  city  gates,  having  lo.st  1,000  men  and  20  cannon.  Levis  iimj 
laid  close  siege  to  the  city,  and  battered  the  walls  (and  esiieeially  St.  John's  (Jatcf 
from  three  heavy  field-works.  Queb(!c  answered  with  an  almost  incessant  caiiiii'iij 
nde  from  132  guns,  until  Commodore  Swanton  came  up  the  river  with  a  llcot  ticinl 
England.  The  British  sujiremaey  in  Canada  was  soon  afterwards  assured  hytlia 
Treaty  of  Paris,  and  Voltaire  congratulated  I^ouis  XV.  on  being  rid  of  "  M"^ 
leagues  of  frozen  country,"  In  the  winter  of  1775-0  the  Americans  l)esic;.'ec!  tlii 
city,  then  commanded  by  Gen.  Guy  Carletou  ^'afterwards  made  Lord  DdrclcstcrW 
The  i)rovisions  of  the  besiegers  began  to  fail,  tmir  regiments  were  being  ileiiltted 
by  sickness,  and  their  light  guns  made  but  little  imi)res8ion  on  the  ii'.w^^^.l 
city-walls ;  scan  assault  was  ordered  and  conducted  before  dawn  on  Dee.  '^b  b^ij 
In  the  midst  of  a  heavy  snow-storm  Arnold  advanced  through  the  Lower  To*ii 


QUEBEC. 


Ho  ate  50.    377 


nr>  with  tliri''"  "■'■11- 

riMl    till'    <illlr   nt'  St. 

t  on  wliiisi'  tVstival- 
an  Intliiiii  viUir''' "" 
■1  \m'  \"  till'  N"nii;in 
Uiiehcio,"  111!  AU"n- 
Ciirticr  vctunml  t'l 

IQufbcr,  aiiin'uilta 
V  culoiiv  ill  I'll'',  f 
(or  KiTtlO  attiit  K"l 
,.,.t  took  qwhn--    It 
in.liiin  <li<"l  l"-'-'' 1^'"' 
[•  lii.lics   iirnvnl  fl"l:l 
rti.i^l.t.     I"  I'N-i  "'« 
)  lu!  In-ivcly  wi.ulsi'l 
,  si'V.'iv  .liuna^^f  I'V  !» 
ts  lost  tli.'ii  iulimnil^ 
l.r  sailed  ti"ni  iV'stnu 
S4  uuMi  l.y  slni>wn'.l( 
turns  Nvcivlmilt  soon 
nritisli  s(.iauis.    Hie 
n,c  Fn-ix'l'  army  u.  I 
•itish  in  a  8..);;",n:ij7 
stroam  on  tlu' n>>n 
.itv     Tlit'V  wfiv  mi'l 
hrin-' l.irt  tovrrs  across 

'■ntM-alH  wriT  luoi-l^'ll  , 

[  1,500.  ;n.>Hr,> 

Uaoe')  gave  way.aiiai 
V  snvn'ndt'i't'U. 

'lit  iron,  the  ,.trm.^ 
luol.ee.     (Sen.  M-  '    ^ 

ao cannon.    \'']^'.J 

Lstinees^an     ai'    » 

^vnr<ls  assnve.1  b  5^ 
L  beins,'  rid  .;t      • 
Lericans  1'^'^";"',^ 

k  were  bemi;  dei  i^f< 
Lion  on  tin-  ina» 
lawn  on  Dee.  .U,  i-, 
ugh  the  Lo^vel  To 


from  his  quarter*  near  the  St.  Charlon  River,  ami  led  his  80<i  New-EnRlanders  ami 
Virginlimu  over  two  or  tlireo  barrieadBH.  Tlio  Montreal  Hunk  und  Heverul  otjier 
massive  stone  lioimes  were  tilled  with  HrltiHli  re;,Mdar!*,  whoK>"ii'diil  thtiapproacliea 
with  smii  a  ilcftdly  tire  tiint  Arnold's  men  wore  forceil  to  lake  ritii;;f  in  tlio  ad- 

iniiiii.!  lionses,  wlillf  Arnold  himself  was  h.idly  wonnijecl  und  cairjfil  to  the  rear. 
iinwliile  Montj^omery  was  IcadinK  his  Ni'W-Yorkers  and  i'oiitincntals  N.  along 
lli,iiii|iliiin  St.  by  the  river-side,  Tlic  intention  was  for  tlic  two  atlackinj<  column.s, 
iftiT 1 1  living  the  enemy  from  the  Lower  Town,  to  unite  before  the  I'reseott  (lato 
iii'l  iirrv  it  by  storm.  A  strong  barricade  wa.s  stretched  a<'ross  Chamidain  !St. 
friiMitliei'litrto  the  river;  but  when  its  Kuards  saw  the  h'leat  masses  of  the  attack- 
in;  inluiiui  advancing  throu^'li  the  twili;.;ht,  they  tied.  In  all  ]irolmbility  Mont- 
(finery  woiUd  have  crossed  the  barricade,  delivered  Arnold's  men  by  attai'kiiig 
tlieiMiiiMV  in  the  rear,  and  then,  with  1,.'')0()  men  tlushe<l  with  vict(uy,  would  have 
N  aliiili'd  the  Prescott  Gat(!  and  won  Qiu-bec  and  (.Janaila,  —  but  that  one  ef  the 
iffiii;' Canadians,  imjjelled  by  a  strange  cainnce,  turned  (|uickly  back,  and  tired 
till' iMiiiinn  which  stooti  loaded  on  the  b;uricadt\  Mont;;omery  and  m.any  of  his 
oltiiirs  and  men  were  stricken  down  by  the  hIioI,  and  the  column  broke  up  in 
p.'ini(',  iuid  lied.  The  British  forces  were  now  concentrated  on  Arnold's  men,  who 
»ert!lii'iniiied  in  by  a  Hortie  from  the  I'alactt  Uate,  and  4'J(i  ottlctn-s  ami  men  wt.-re 
mile  prisoners.  A  j.aiuted  board  has  been  htui^'  hi>,di  upon  the  dill'  over  the 
jijare  in  (Jhamplaiu  !St.  where  Montj,'omery  fell.  Mont^'omery  was  an  officer  in 
Wolfe '.s  army  when  Quebec  was  taken  from  the  I'Yench  10  yt!ars  before,  and  knew 
tlie>,Ti>iiiid.  llis  mistake  was  in  heading  the  forlorn  hope.  Quebec  was  the 
Miiitiil  of  Canada  from  1700  to  1701,  and  after  that  it  served  as  a  semi-capital, 
until tlie  founding  of  Ottawa  City.  In  ISb'j  2,9iJ0  houses  were  burnt  ami  the 
place  was  nearly  ilestroyed,  but  soon  revived  with  the  aid  of  the  great  luinber- 
tMile  winch  Is  still  its  specialty. 

"Tliiic  is  no  city  in  America  nmrc  fainou.s  in  the  annalsof  history  than  Quebec, 
jiml  few  on  the  (Continent  of  Kurojui  more  picturosiiiiely  situateil.  Whilst  the 
BiTuiindiri','  scenery  reminds  one  of  the  unrivalled  vuiws  of  the  Bosphorus,  the 
»ir)site  of  the  citadel  and  town  calls  to  ndnd  Innspruck  and  Edinl)ur;^h.  Quo- 
kw  may  l)e  best  described  by  supposinj,' that  an  ancient  Norman  fortress  of  two 
ttntiiries  a;,'()  had  been  encased  in  amber,  transported  by  nuigic  to  Canadu.-und 
|pliceil(iii  tlie  summit  of  Cape  Diamond." 

Qiiclicr,  at  least  for  an  American  city,  is  certainly  a  very  pccniiar  place.  A 
liilitary  town,  containiuK  about '20,000  inhabitants  ;  most  ccnnpactly  and  perma- 
ifMly  t)iiilt,  —  stone  its  sole  material ;  environed,  as  to  its  most  important  i)arts, 
Iknvalls  and  gates,  and  defended  by  mimerons  heavy  cannon:.  .  ..  founded 
mn  a  rmk,  and  in  its  highest  j.arts  overlooking  a  great  extent  of  country  ; 
JI-4IIU  iiiilcs  from  the  ocean,  in  the  midst  of  a  great  continent,  and  yet  displaying 
ptsnffiiieign  merchantmen  in  its  Hue,  capacious  bay,  and  showing  all  the  bustle 
[acinwiled  seaport;  its  streets  narrow,  populous,  and  winding  up  and  down 
aost  iiiDuntainous  declivities ;  situated  in  the  latitude  of  the  linest  j.arts  of 
ipe,  exliittiting  in  its  environs  the  beauty  of  an  Euroi.eau  capital,  and  yet  in 
•inter  sill  uting  with  the  cold  of  Siberia ;  governed  by  a  jieoj.le  of  Uitl'erent 
%'na:,'e  and  habits  from  the  mass  of  the  population,  oj.pnsed  in  religion,  and 
lleaviiij,' tliat  population  without  ttixes,  and  in  the  enjoyment  of  every  privilege, 
J'il  ami  religious  :  su(d»  are  the  proniim;nt  features  which  strike  a  stranger  in 

■ity  of  Quebec."    (Prof.  SiLLiMA>f.) 

"Few  cities  olTer  so  many  striking  contrasts  as  Quebec.     A  fortress  und  a 

taiiieivial  city  together,  built  upon  the  summit  of  a  rock  like  the  nest  of  an 

'i^(,  wliiUi  iier  vessels  are  everywhere  wrinkling  the  face  of  the  ocean  ;  an 

nerii.aii  city  inhabited  by  French  colonists,  governed  by  England,  and  garri- 

M  by  .Siotch  regiments  ;  a  city  of  the  Middle  Ages  by  mo.st  of  its  ancient 

tt'.'itioiis,  while  it  is  subject  to  all  the  combinations  of  modem  ctmstitutional 

Jffiiiueiit ;  fin  European  city  by  its  (ivilization  and  its  habits  of  refinement,  and 

Wil'we  iiy  tlie  remnants  of  the  Indian  tribjs  and  the  barren  mts.  of  the  North  ; 

Kv  with  about  the  same  latitude  as  Paris,  while  successively  combining  the 

'cliinite  of  southern  regions  with  the  severities  of  an  hyperborean  winter; 

UitJitttlie  same  time  Catholic  and  Protestant,  where  the  labors  of  our  (French) 

sionsare  still  uninterrupted  alongside  of  the  undertakings  of  the  Bible  Society, 

«'here  the  Jesuits,  driven  out  of  our  own  country,  find  refuge  under  the 

lof  British  Puritanism."    (X.  Mabmiek's  "  Lettres  sur  I'AntUrique,"  1860.) 


\i 


'i. 


■  I 


1   t 

1 

f 

k 

r 

" 

i 

'; 

■-'l 

'■» 

■\  I 

.^ 

;iil 


^- 


p. 


\  % 


j 

1 

1 

i'      « 

I 

1 

1 

! 

! 

?  ;;i- 


:V  -i 


f-- 


378    Route  5G.         THE  DURHAM  TERRACE. 

"  Leaving  the  citadel,  we  are  once  more  in  the  European  Middle  Ages.  Gates 
and  posterns,  cranky  steps  tliat  lead  up  to  lofty,  gabled  houses,  with  sharp 
French  roofs  of  burnished  tin,  lilje  1  liose  of  Liejic  ;  processions  or  the  Host  ;  altars 
decked  witli  Howers  ;  statues  of  the  Virgin  ;  sabots  ;  blouses  ;  and  tlie  scarlet  of 
the  British  linesman,  —  all  these  are  seen  in  narrow  streets  and  markets  tiiat  are 
graced  witli  many  a  Cotentin  lace  cap,  and  all  within  40  miles  of  tlip   dnwu-oast 

Yankee  Btate  of' Maine.     It  is  not  far  from  New  England  to  Old  l-Vanct 

Thfi-e  has  been  no  dying  out  of  the  race  among  the  French  Cv.adiaiis.  They 
iiumoer  twenty  ^s  the  thousands  tliat  they  did  100  years  ago.  The  Americrin 
soil  has  Ijft  the;  '^ical  type,  religion,  language,  and  laws  absolutely  uiitumlied. 

They  herd  t'  er  u.  their  ramlding  villages,  dance  to  t'le  fiddle  alter  mass  on 

Sundays,  —  .uaylva.  mce  did  their  Norman  sires,  —and  keep  \\\^i\\v.j\e\lr■lh■l,:i 
and  the  me  i-  <  '  ..(outcalm.  More  French  than  the  French  are  the  Lnwcr 
Canada  /'  r,  .  .'he  pulse-beat  of  the  continent  linds  no  eclio  here."  (,"^1H 
Charles  't.., 

*Pui...     a  Terrace  is  on  the  riverward  edge  of  tlie  Upper  Tnv/n,  and 
stands  on  the  buttresses  and  platform  formerly  occupied  by  the  Cliatuau 
of  St.  Louis,  which  was  built  by  Chami)lam  in  1620.     The  old  clu'iiea 
was  a  massive  stone  structurCj  200  ft.  long,  used  for  a  fortress,  prison,  an 
governor's  palace,  and  it  stood  until  1834,  wlien  iu  >.;s  ruined  hy  fire, 
The  terrace  is  200  ft.  above  the  river,  and  commands  a  *  view  of  surpass 
iiig  beauty.     Immediately  below  are  the  sinuous  streets  of  tlie  Lowe 
Town,  with  its  wliarves  projecting  into  the  stream.     On  one  side  are  tin 
lofty,  fortified  bluffs  of  Point  Levi,  and  on  the  other  the  St.  Charles  Riv 
winds  away  up  its  peaceful  valley.     The  white  houses  of  Beauport  stivtc 
oflf  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Montmorenci  Falls,  while  beyond  are  seen  thj 
farms  of  L'  Ange  Gardien,  extending  towards  the  heights  of  St.  Ferool.  Vei 
sels  of  all  classes  and  sizes  are  anchored  in  the  broad  basin  and  the  rivei 
and  the  rich  and  verdant  Isle  of  Orleans  is  in  mid-stream  below.    Bcyoi 
and  over  all  are  the  bold  peaks  of  the  Laurentian  Range,  with  Cap  Toi 
mente  towering  over  the  river  far  in  the  distance.     The  Terrace  is  ti 
favorite  promenade  of  the  citizens,  and  presents  a  pleasant  scene  in  tl 
late  afternoon  or  on  pleasant  Sundays.     At  the  upper  end  of  the  Terr; 
is  a  plain  stone  structure  called  the  Old  Chateau,  which  was  built  a 
1780  for  the  Britis*li  governors. 

"There  is  not  in  the  \\'Orld  a  nobler  outlook  than  that  from  the  terrace  at  Q 
bee.  You  stond  upon  a  rock  overlianging  city  and  river,  and  look  down  iiiiuii 
guard-ships'  masts.  Acre  upon  acre  of  timber  comes  floating  down  the  sti 
above  the  city,  the  Canadian  boat-s(mgs  just  reacdiingyou  ujion  the  liel.u'lits; 
beneath  you  are  fleets  of  great  ships,  English,  German,  Frencli,  anil  Uutdi. 
barking  the  timber  from  the  floating  docks.  The  Stars  and  Stripes  aro  uu«i 
to  be  seen."    (Siu  Charles  Dilke.) 

The  Place  d'Arnie.'i  is  a  pretty  little  park  between  the  Terrace  am 
Anglican  Cathedral,  a  large,  plain  building  of  stone,  which  lia.s  a  su; 
commimion-set  (presented  by  George  III.),  and  within  which  is  tliet 
of  Charles,  Duke  of  Richmond,  Lennox,  and  Daubigny,  w>o  died  A 
Governor-General  of  Canada  (1819).  The  monument  of  Jacob  .Moun 
D.  D.,  first  Anglican  Bisliop,  is  in  the  chancel.  Dr.  Mountain  wasiu 
presence  of  King  George,  when  he  expressed  a  doubt  as  to  wlioni  he  sin 


eppoint 
.Vajesty 
Jciiig.     j\ 

•Voiintaii 
w.is.    T] 

formerly 

fnct  the 

Court  Ho- 

f'le  Comn 

flotel. 

The  Sfre, 
'^>''s  Garder, 
'"'?'',  erecte 
'^i^  elegant ; 


In  tho  ]ovv( 

Carriere.s  St.  J 
tie  r.  on  St 

"iiircli  on  th, 

^teissoonn 
■^oiigh  deep  < 

fj' t'le  Chain  G 
^^"ification  cov 

pe  Diamond 
P'lissaidto 
Filiation  of  c 

1*'"^'^'  '-y  prov 

*^«''oinuIthe 
'C'Sf  norfJierJy  b 

^^f'-^f'^itfrom 
"ifi  u-orl(].     r^ 

t'le  toinist  I. 
''^'  viewijig  tij 
*"»nce  at  the  - 

"'  ^ate,  erecfe 
"'^'"•e,  and  ]» 


AROUND  THE  RAMPARK         ^    ,    -       , 

1     tllfi    nour    £!„_     _  n   ^         - 


W»".t  as  bfahoD  of  .1,,         =,  »         "'"*■■    ^ra 

"S.    Mo„„tai„  answerer'    flr;'"!"'''^-''    -How  ,„T'..  3'/"" 
Mountain.  Bp  *i,r.„  ,  '  >""  ^'ad  faith    ,.«„         , ;  "      ^'^  *^« 

^ne  Cathedral,  rectorv  m.I  pi,       ,  "^"'*  ^^  would  be  doriP  »    t* 
fornio.]y  occupied  by  tl.P  Fr  '''^''^  "^  ^11  Saints   stun]  * 

-)  luu  me  tst,  Louis 
'T'Street.IesCarri',""'"'""' '""*'"""'*• 

KvMA.f.      HISTORIA. 

"■•'cl,  „„  thai    ,   ,  .      ''^''™'^^°»  U'er    a.J  th  "^r"''''  ■"">'  >« 
|fc«"h  <1pp„     r        ^  '■''"''  '"™i"g  to  tho  1  i  ■•  •'«'  »'•  lonis 

"'*a,ir  „°  ;^  S     ;f;"--  Oate  o*iL%S:r"T;"°*"'  """ 

rVeDiamo„r]  /         ,,  of  ground,  and  is  sitnn/?  ^^"'  '"""ense 

K  Vie,     :'    ;7"""-'>'»J  to  walk  alc,7t,,l""' ,""«'■  '^''-»  Gate, 
L,  '"S  tile  deep  fossp    fi.«  .    ^        ^an)])art.s  to  S^    t  i.   / 

^'i^^eralljwnghissoldiera 


'     i 


.?  1 
I.-  » 


If. 


t 


ill  I- 


1    f!' 


^4 


380    Route  56. 


QUEBEC. 


lU 


just  outside  of  this  Gate,  the  Marquis  de  Montcalm  was  mortally  woim<ltd 
(in  1759),  and  Col.  Brown  (of  Mass.)  attacked  the  Gate  while  Arnold  pnd 
Montgomery  were  fighting  in  the  Lower  Town.     The  i  impar<,fj  inuM  lit 
left  here,  and  D'Auteuil  and  St.  Helene  Sts.   follow  their  course  by  tlu' 
Artillery  Barracks  (built  by  the  French  in  1750)  to  the  Palace  Gate, 
close  to  wliich  is  the  Hotel  Dieu  Convent.      Tliis  institution  was  fouiideil 
by  the  Duchesse  d'Aguillon  (niece  of  Cardinal  Richelieu)  in  1031).    In  In.'l 
one  of  the  present  buildhigs  was  erected,  and  most  of  it  was  built  (uiriu ' 
the  17th  century,  while  Talon,  Baron  des  Islets,  completed  it  in  17G2. 
There  are  30-  40  nuns  of  the  order  of  the  Hopitalieres,  and  the  liospiial 
is  open  freely  to  the  sick  and  infirm  poor  of  whatever  sect,  witli  attend- 
ance by  the  best  doctors  of  the  city.     Among  the  pictures  h«  re  are,  Virgin 
and  Claild,  hy  Coypel  ;  Nativity,  Stella;  St.  Bruno,  by  J  «,Si«f «/•,'•  the 
Raphael  of  France."     From  Palace  Gate  to  Hope  Gate  (90(v  ft.)  tlie  nini- 
parts  may  be  followed,  with  fine  views  over  the  two  rivew,  tlie  Isle  of 
Orleans,  and  the  Laurentian  Mts.     The  walls  are  built  on  a  lofty  cliff,  and  | 
are  very  thin,  but  have  lines  of  loopholes  and  are  guardtd  by  bastions. 
Hope  Gate  was  built  in  1734,  and  has  well-fortified  approaches.    The! 
ramparts  may  be  followed  from  this  point  to  the  Parliament  House,  pass! 
ing  the  stately  Laval  University  and  the  Grand  Battery,  wluire  22  32- 
pounders  command  the  river,  and  whence  a  pleasing  view  may  be  ob-j 
tained.    The  old  Parliament  House,  on  the  site  of  Champlain's  fun  audi 
the  ancient  Episcopal  palace,  was  an  extensive  but  plain  building,  nkno^e j 
glory  dejiarted  with  tiie  decapitalization  of  Quebec.    A  short  di.stan.e  K- 
yond  is  the  Prescott  Gate,  the  main  avenue  of  communication  beiwici^ 
the  Upper  and  Lower  Towns,  and  Dufferin  Terrace  is  just  S.  of  the  Gate. 
The  Market  Square  is  nearly  in  the  centre  of  the  Upjier  Town,  ana 
presents  a  curious  and  interesthig  appearance  on  market-mornings,  wlu  j 
the  French  peasantry  bring  in  their  farm  products.     On  the  E.  is  t'i 
Roman  Cathedral  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  which  was  built  in  16G'| 
destroyed  by  cannonading  from  Wolfe's  batteries  in  1759,  andrel)uilt  sooj 
after.     Its  exterior  is  'quaint,  irregular,  and  homely,  but  the  interior 
more  pleasing,  and  acconmiodates  4,000  persons.    The  High  Altar  is  w^ 
adorned,  and  the  choir  of  boys  from  the  Seminary  is  mucli  esteeine 
The  most  notable  pictures  are,  **The  Crucifixion  ("the  Christ  of  tl 
Cathedral,"  the  finest  painting  in  Canada),  by  Van  Dyck  (on  the  first  pillj 
1.  of  the  altar)  ;  the  Ecstasy  of  St.  Paul,  Carlo  Maratti ;  the  Aiiniiiij 
ation.  Re  stout  ;  the  Baptism  of  Christ,  Halle  ;  the  Pentecost,  Vifjn'i 
Miracles  of  Ste.  Anne,  Plaiiiondon  ;  Angels  Waiting  on  Christ,  /?('*''! 
(in  the  choir)  ;  the  Nativity,  copy  from  Annibale  Caracci  ;  Holy  FaiiiiJ 
Blanchard.     The  remains  of  Champlain,  the  heroic  explorer  and  fou.'C 
and  first  Governor  of  Quebec,  are  in  the  Cathedral.     Alongside  of  i 
Cathedra]  are  the  ancient,  rambling,  and  extensive  buildings  of  the  Seij 


sss 


QUEBEC. 


Jtonte  56.     381 


irtally  woim.\t>i 
iiile  >.n>oW  cni^ 

r  course  by  tlu- 
e  Palace  Gate, 
ion  was  io\iwVt\ 
.ult):W.    1»1'''^ 
yfas,  built  (Uifiii^ 
leted  it  in  IT'^i 
aTi«\  the  liosiuial 
sect,  Nvitii  atteivl- 
esh*  re  are,  Virgin 

(90(vft.)  tlienm- 
rivew,  the  Isle  of 
on  a  lofty  cliff,  aivl 
xarde.l  l.y  l^astions. 
L  approaches.    The 
lament  House,  pa.ss- 
rif^r?/,  Nvhcve2-2  3'2-^ 

,g  view  may  be  oIh 
implain'sfonand 

[lain  buikling,  *'i^'-''l 
AsUortdistanveW- 

Lunication  bo-w-^" 
'  just  S.  ofthe  Gate 

/e  Upper  ToNvn,  uu^ 
,vket-morninps,  ^^•l>^■l 

.      On  the  E.  is  U 

lich  was  built  in  W 

.759,  and  rebuilt  soc 

Y  -but  the  interior 

he  High  Altar  is  ^v^ 

is  much  esteem* 

'  C'the  Christ  oft 

-ycfc(onthefir«tv>' 

laratti ;  tl^«  '^."""' 
i  Pentecost,  1 '!/»' 

L  on  Christ.  rf[ 
'rraca;Holylaun 

.  explorer  au>l  to«-'^ 

Ll     Alonpsi'l^'  01 
,uilding9  0ttbeSei 


aary,  which  was  founded  in  1663  by  Fran9oi8  de  Montmorenci  Laval, 
Bishop  of  Quebec  from  1658  to  1688.  This  institution  is  divided  into  Le 
Orand  Seminaire  and  Le  Petit  Seminaire  ;  the  first  being  a  scliool  oi 
theology,  and  the  second  being  devoted  to  literature  and  science  (for  boys). 
There  are  about  400  students,  who  may  be  distinguished  in  the  streets  by 
their  uniform. 

The  Seminary  Chapel  has  some  fine  paintings  (beginning  at  the  r.  of  the 

entrante):  Tlie  8aviour  and  the  Samaritan  Woman,  La  (ireiiee;  Tlie  Virgin  At- 
tfiiiled  by  Angels,  Dieu;  The  Crucitlxion,  Monet;  The  Hermits  of  the  Thebaid, 
Smhot;  The  Vision  of  St.  Jerome,  D'HuUiw;  *The  Ascension,  PliMlipe  de  Cham- 
jKijiic;  Tiie  Burial  of  Christ,  IliUin;  (over  the  altar)  The  Flight  into  Egypt, 
I'mloo ;  above  which  is  a  picture  of  angels,  Lebnin ;  The  Trance  of  St.  Antliouy, 
?anoccl  d' Avignon ;  The  Day  of  Pentecost,  P.  de  Cli/xmpa'jne ;  St.  Peter  Freed  from 
Prison,  De  la  Fosse :  The  Baptism  of  Christ,  Halle;  St.  Jerome  Writing,  J.  B. 
dampa'jne;  Adoration  of  the  Magi,  Bonnieii.  "  Tiie  Chapel  on  the  r.  of  tlie  chief 
»lur  contains  the  relics  of  St.  Clement ;  that  on  the  1.  the  relics  of  St.  Modestus." 

Adjoining  the  Seminary  is  its  goodly  child,  the  Laval  University, 
whose  main  building  is  of  cut  stone,  280  ft.  long  and  5  stories  high,  and 
cost  $  240,000.  The  museum  of  Huron  antiquities,  the  collection  of  Ca- 
juadiau  birds,  the  library  of  nearly  50,000  volumes,  the  fine  scientific  in- 
[itraments,  the  rich  gallery  of  pictures,  and  the  far-viewing,  enrailed 
[promenade  on  the  roof  are  all  worthy  of  a  visit.  The  extensive  dormi- 
tories and  the  medical  college  occupy  substantial  .stone  buildings  in  the 
jricinity. 

Oil  the  W.  of  the  Market  Square  stood  the  great  pile  of  buildings  which 
l»ere  partly  erected  in  1646,  for  the  Jesuits'  College.  The  college  was 
i'jspeuded  in  1750  by  Gen.  Murray,  who  quartered  his  troops  here,  and 
in  1809  the  property  reverted  to  the  Crown,  on  the  death  of  the  last  of 
lllie  Jesuit  Fathers.  The  buildings  were  afterwards  used  for  barracks. 
pen  used  at  all.  Passing  St.  Anne's  Market  and  the  Anglican  Cathedral, 
lOardeii  St.  runs  S.  to  the  TTrsuline  Convent,  which  was  founded  by 
ladaiue  de  la  Peltrie  in  1639.  Part  of  the  present  buildings  were  built 
16S6,  and  with  the  gardens  and  offices  they  cover  7  acres.  There  are 
limns,  who  are  devoted  to  teaching  girls,  and  also  to  working  in  cm- 
siclery,  painting,  &c.  The  parlor  and  chapel  ar«  open  to  visitors,  and 
ithe  latter  are  sonr  good  paintings  ;  *  Mater  Dolorosa,  Van  Dyck  ;  The 
jviour,  Champagne ;  Christ  in  Simon's  House,  Champagne ;  and  a 
Mil  picture  by  Restuut.  Within  a  grave  nmde  by  a  shell  which  burst 
this  chapel,  during  Wolfe's  bombardment,  is  buried  "  the  High  and 
pty  Lord,  Louis  Joseph,  Marquis  of  Montcalm,"  and  over  his  remains 
[the  iiiiicription,  "  Honneur  a  Montcalm  !  Le  destin  en  lui  derobant  la 
ttoire  I'a  recompense  par  une  mort  glorieuse  !  "  Morrin  College  (on  St. 
niieSl.)  is  a  neat  stone  building,  in  one  of  whose  halls  is  the  extensive 
valuable  library  of  the  Quebec  Historical  Society  (open  to  the  pub- 
There  are  several  other  churches  and  public  buildings  among  the 


-i  ^ 


.•f* 


<  1 


..    I' 


I 


u.'it: 


'■■<!*      ''         , 


wA  1 


,. '  ^' 

' 

I  H  '\ 

t   »;  '• 

! 

•^ 

"f 

i 


I     f 


V  % 


ijir 


Ibfl  1  T     1 

KIM 


I'  iJiS-^ 


382    Route  56. 


QUEBEC. 


narrow  streets  of  the  Upper  Town.  St.  Patrick's,  on  St.  Hek-u  St.,  has 
a  neat  Ionic  interior,  and  the  cliurch,  niJinse,  and  school  of  St.  Andrew 
(Presbyterian)  occupy  stone  buildings  on  St.  Anne  St.  At  the  coiner  of 
St.  John  and  Palace  Sts,  (second  story)  is  a  statue  of  Wolfe,  wliich  is 
net»rly  a  century  old,  and  bears  s\ich  a  relation  to  Quebec  a.s  (loe.5  the 
Mannikin  to  Brussels.  It  was  once  stolen  by  night  by  some  roysteriiif 
navpl  officers,  and  carried  off  to  Barbadoes,  whence  it  was  returned  iiiaiiv 
months  after,  enclosed  in  a  coflin.  lu  the  front  of  the  Post-Oliice,  on 
Buade  St.,  is  a  figure  of  a  dog,  carved  in  the  stone  and  gilded,  uiidur  wliioh 
is  the  inscription  :  — 

"  Je  8ul8  un  chien  qui  rongS  I'os  ; 


£n  le  rongeant  ie  prend  inon  repof). 
Un  temps  viendra  qui  n'est  pas  vcnu 

a  MWW    n\'  aw^n    vat  f^aa/l  ■  i    " 


("  T  am  a  dog  gnawing  a  bone. 
"While  I  gnaw  1  take  my  reposo. 
The  time  will  come,  thoiiRli  tint  vpt, 
When  I  will  bite  him  who  iiuw  bites  me. )  j 


Que  je  mordrois  qui  m'aura  mordu 

This  lampoon  was  aimed  at  the  Intendant  Bigot  by  M.  Philibert,  wlio  lim 
suifered  wrong  from  him ;  but  soon  after  the  carved  stone  had  been  pui 
into  the  front  of  Philibert's  house,  that  gentleman  was  a.ssassiimted  I)y  n 
officer  of  the  garrison.     The  murderer  exchanged  into  the  East  Iiidiai 
army,  but  was  pursued  by  Philibert's  brother,  and  after  a  severe  confiic: 
was  killed  at  Pondiclierry.     Near  the  Post-Office  is  the  large  and  elegan| 
building  of  the  Bishop's  Palace.      Mountain  St.  descends  thiougli  t 
Pre-scott  Gate  to  the  Lower  Town,  with  the  steep,  crowded,  and  \M\ 
resque  Chaviplain  Steps  on  the  r.,  near  whose  foot  the  remaiiLS  of  Cliiii: 
plain  were  recently  found,  in  the  vault  of  an  ancient  chapel. 

The  Montcalm  and  St.  John  Wards  extend  W.  from  the  city  walls 
the  line  of  the  Martello  Towers.  In  the  latter  ward  is  the  laige  Cliu 
of  St.  John  (Catholic),  and  also  the  Oray  Nunnery  (70  sister.si,  with 
lofty  and  elegant  chapel.  Above  the  Nimnery  and  fronting  on  the  (jh 
is  the  Convent  of  the  Christian  Brothers.  The  steep  street  called  C 
d' Abraham  descends  thence  to  the  Jacques  Cartier  Wai"d  of  the  Lo 
Town,  beyond  which,  on  the  banks  of  the  St.  Charles,  is  the  Mari 
Hospital,  a  large  and  imposing  modern  building  in  Ionic  architeot 
(with  6  acres  of  grounds) ;  and  the  General  Hospital,  an  extensive 
of  buildings,  founded  by  De  Vallier,  second  bishop  of  Quebec  (in  10; 
and  conducted  by  40 -50  nuns  of  St.  Augustine.  The  chiudie.s  of 
Sauveur  (in  the  Banlieu)  and  *S^  Roch  are  large  structures,  with  n 
inferior  pictures,  and  the  Black  Nunnery  is  near  the  latter.  St.  Koi 
Ward  is  mostly  devoted  to  manufactories  and  to  shipbuilding  (on  tli^ 
Charles  shore).  St.  Paul  St.  runs  E.  between  the  fortified  elilis  ami 
river,  to  St.  Peter  St.,  which  turns  S.,  and  near  which  are  the  thief  b;ii 
wholesale  houses,  and  harbor  offices.  At  the  neighboring  wharves  an 
ships  and  ocean-steamers,  with  many  small  and  dirty  steamboats  w 
ply  to  the  neighboring  river-towns.  The  Custom  House  (near  Foiu 
Garcy)  and  the  Champlain  Market  are  in  *his  quarter,  and  are  fine 


building 

tiire  nea 

wi  wa.s 

Phipps'  i 

pedition  i 

Gate,  and 

Bigot,  13t 

(emhl  spl( 

torterl  froj] 

Arnold's  V 

buildings  w 

^^  Upper  ' 


\iovn 


e  IS 


iiii 


road. 


and  Lore 


^AP  ROUGE. 


Jioule  oO:     3ii^ 


hmhlinga.     The  Church  of  V  f  ^ouie  6G.     3S3 

'"•W  splendor  Oft  .ffd'^'^r"'  ""™''»'-  Her  eT  r""  ''^ 
"«1  from  the  oppZZ  lr°^  "*"«'  ™  tho  "va,„! ''?  1"  »"  ">» 
inioM's  Viigini/j^r       P™V'nM.     I„  1775  .,      '^™"""  which  he  ex- 

»«  Cpper  T„™.        ""^  »«  «»»3m„ed  by  ^hXf^^^^^*;'^  th. 


r*-'  -«C,l  tats  Tf "  ^""^  *^'ar  L  ^™ "-'  »'4 

Iteleries  withi,,  she!  „!,."'  '"  P'"'"'™'  the  es  111,         "  "=*'  »' 

|l»'K  near  tte  Jl" „e  f    ^^'^     '"'"  «»udiere  S  „" *;" "^'' "•  "«e, 
hldU„„„' ,;"'*»"''='•.  P«ingthm„»h  tin      T  ^°-'"'  M"' 

I  tap  Song,  is  9  M  f    '  *°  P"*'  313)-  ""'  "■"»■  t'om 

N»ft,e°J"*°  "'"  "'y""'!  Ca„  1 ,  °  .^'i.  *'"'"«'l.  and  the 

«nce.    As  the  cit^  is  nearly 


r-' 


:■> 


1 

1 

ii^j^  ^ 

,: ,       ' 

s 

1' 

« 

J 

.     1 

IW5 

r 

/ 

:•■   i 


384    RmiteSG.         FALLS  OF  MONTMOllENCL 

approached,  on  the  1.  is  seen  a  monumental  column  surmounted  by  a  litatue 
of  Bellona  (presented  by  Prince  Napoleon),  which  marks  the  site  of  the 
fiercest  part  of  the  Second  Battle  of  the  Plains,  when  De  Levis  c1' "  ated 
Murray  (1759).  The  monument  was  dedicated  with  great  pomp  in  4 
and  stands  over  the  grave  of  many  hundreds  who  fell  in  the  figlit.  Pass- 
ing now  the  handsome  Fiulay  Asylum  and  several  villas,  the  suburl)  cf 
St.  John  is  entered. 

Indian  Lorette  is  9  M.  from  Quebec,  by  the  Little  River  lloail.  It  is 
an  ancient  village  of  the  Hurons  ("  Catholics  and  allies  of  France  "),  ami 
the  present  inhabitants  are  a  quiet  and  religious  people  in  wliom  the 
Indian  blood  predominates,  though  it  is  never  unmixed.  Tlie  men  Inuit 
and  fish,  the  women  make  bead-work  and  moccasins,  and  the  boys  earn 
pennies  by  dexterous  archery.  The  Lorette  Falls,  near  the  v  illage,  are 
very  pretty,  and  a  few  miles  farther  inland  are  the  Lakes  of  Beainxrt 
and  St.  Charles.  The  lat't^er  is  4  M.  long,  and  is  famed  for  its  rea  trout 
and  for  its  remarkable  echoes. 

Charlesbourg,  4  M.  from  Quebec,  is  an  ancient  village,  with  two 
Catholic  churches,  situated  on  a  pleasant  a:\d  picturesque  road.  In  tlie 
vicinity  is  the  Ilermitaije,  or  Chateau  Bigot,  a  gray  and  romantic  ruii)  at 
the  foot  of  Mt.  des  Ormes,  where  Bigot,  the  last  intendant  of  Canada, 
kept  and  visited  a  lovely  Algonquin  girl,  until  his  wife  discovered  the 
secret,  and  soon  thereafter  the  Indian  maiden  was  cruelly  murdered 

The  *  *  Falls  of  Montmorenci  are  about  8  M.  from  the  city,  by  a  roa( 
which  crosses  the  St.  Charles  River,  passes  several  fine  old  mansions,  an 
traverses  the  long,  straggling  village  of  Beauport,  with  its  stately  chuic 
and  roadside  crosses.  The  falls  a'-e  250  ft.  high  and  50  ft.  wide,  —  a  soli 
and  compact  mass  of  water  incessantly  plunging  over  a  precipice  of  hlai 
rock,  with  clouds  of  mist  and  a  deafening  roar.  The  Montmorenci  flow 
into  the  St.  Lawrence  a  short  distance  below.  Near  the  falls  is  Hal 
mand  House,  formerly  occupied  by  the  Duke  of  Kent,  Queen  Victoria'j 
father;  and  on  the  cliffs  by  the  river  are  seen  the  towers  of  a  suspensioj 
bridge  which  fell  soon  after  its  erection,  hurling  three  persons  into  i 
fatal  abyss  below.  A  small  fee  is  chai-ged  for  entering  the  fields  to  vie 
the  falls,  and  the  tourist  must  be  careful,  not  only  to  visit  tlie  pavili^ 
near  the  falls  (which  commands  also  a  charming  view  of  Quebec),  but 
insist  on  being  conducted  to  a  position  low  down  on  the  shore,  from  wliii 
the  stupendous  plunge  of  the  Montmorenci  may  best  be  seen.  About 
M.  above  the  falls  are  the  Natural  Steps,  where  the  river  has  cut  t 
ledges  into  a  similitude  to  steps,  meanwhile  contracting  its  channel, 
views  on  the  road  back  to  Quebec  aj'e  very  beautiful.  At  the  foot 
these  falls  an  immense  ice-cone  (some!,imes  200  ft.  high)  is  formed  evi 
wint:r,  and  here  the  favorite  sport  of  tobogginning  is  carried  on. 

8te.  Anne  is  24  M.  below  Quebec  (tri-weekly  steamers),  and  has  a 


m.    6 

ffliich  t, 

ravine. 

objects, 

a  pictiin 

oistant,  i 

proniontc 
little  pijg 

'fig:  nifi-aci 
are  kept  h 

(Jefornied  i 

l)een  made 

Chdlcaic  Ji 

"loiiastery  , 

^c'95,  ami  w 

fo'iffJit)  thai 

'  Parish-cJiurc 

Gardini,  Caj 

I  Canau'a. "    y 

jriclisoil.    Ca 

I  »as  made  int. 
^ie   Sagd 
learners  run 
5oose  and  Cra 
"■''fJ'  of  abou 

^niontory  of 
fe  purely  :^( 
''*•  ^«"e,  on 
*''<^  C^furra 
'["le  better  c] 

''•  from  which 
"'^Ja,  where 
Slimmer. 

■^323).       rj^^ 

'»er-hoteI) 
'«"ay  River 


re  t 
Tri 


le 
a 


,    'aveneral 
"""es  old.     Til 


THE  SAGUENAY  R,VEB  „    , 

•Inch  the  river  of  th,  „,„  '"^  ''«»"tifu|  A;,;^  „^  „,      . 

objects,  ,™  i„  th  s  vS/Tf-  "■»  S«'-e„  Fall    and  o'h     '""  "'""'"> 

Atant,  .„,1  abounds  iutron;     ^  ?''     """=«  St.  Joachi,    if     >  '^""«' 
tmmontory  called  Ca    r^'  ""'""  ^'^  «■  Wo„  T  "    "  ,°  '"  ""ks 

i»5  miracles  have  h.  '^""'''  "''^  it  is  sail  Th  ,  """"'"  W 

*formed  are  l2 '    *''''•     °"'"'''-«  ""1  other  hi        ^^  ''"'"'  <«-'>'"f> 

«.=»  ve«:''ist'o7srr "-" '°"'-°  p'-~rtrch'^^^^^^ 

|'«'*t)  tl,aThr^"''"'^?''°f'"''="»S»i"3t  Ge„    C"?'^""  '"""  '» 

«-'-..,  :.ert°h"Si„:°  ,"'""•' "  -"-tr;"  '^^  -n^, 

Gardien,  Cape  Diiry,r.  V  '   'beautiful   views  pm  ^"     ^'^'""  *he 

f -^mers  run  senLeell'    ^"1"'"'''^  ''    ^^4    Af.    from    o„  K 
pose  an.i  Crane  are  Z  ''"'^  ^he  St.  MarsrneHf    r^    Quebec,   and 

|"'ltl.  of  about  20  M  t^''^^'  '^'  St-  Wen  "  h  '"'^'^  ^"^"  ^'^''^h 
J'^alesplavi°!i,f^/\^^^'^  ^^  ft.  tides,  anH  !  T'  ''''^  ^««P«  « 
l*«  ^.,  and  tt  '^'''  '"^'  ^•'^ter.     The  L!  ^  T^''  P°''P°'«««.  and 

h  purely  NorZn    "'r^'"'''     '^''^  ^^^^  «^^r  CW      'r"'  "'•'^•'  *^«  ^^«t 

f*^<^  (Murray  Bav)  sn    r  !'  ^'''  ^  Catholic  ColL    /^         ''"•''*^*- 
r^e  better  classefo;   1     .'''"'"  ^"^^ec,  i,s  a  wf  ^   ''"'''>'  ^"'^ 

Ffrom  which'i  ir'""  °'  *^eGranrTrun?R!r""°"^«  ^'^ 
K,  where  fh     ^*°°°»a  (St.  Lawrence  TtVt     .   ^^^^^^^^  «n  the  E. ; 

^323).     1^:  ^,°^"  ^'^er.  whence  stages  lonn    .     "^  *^  "^«  ^^'^^^<i 


386    Route  56. 


THE  SAGUENAY  RIVER. 


L[ 


waters  is  now  entered,  and  lofty  peaks  and  palisades  tower  on  either  side. 
After  passing  La  Boule  and  the  Profiles,  M  M.  above  Tadousac,  the 
majestic  *  Cape  Trinity  and  Cape  Eternity  rise  on  the  S.  to  the  liei<'ht 
of  2,000  ft.  each,  guarding  the  entrance  to  Trinity  Bay.  The  water  at 
the  base  of  tliese  peaks  is  over  600  latlionis  deep.^ 

*'  Suildeiily  the  boat  rounded  the  corner  of  tho  three  steps,  each  500  ft.  hi^h  in 
Avhieh  Civjie  Eternity  climbs  from  the  river,  and  crept  in  under  the  naki'd  Mr  !,( 
tlie  awful  cliir.  It  is  sheer  rock,  sprinyiny  from  the  black  water,  and  stivtiliJUL' 
upward  with  a  weary,  etiort-like  aspect,  in  lony  impulses  of  stone  inarkcl  livdwp 
seams  from  space  to  space,  till,  l.OOU  ft.  iu  air,  iU  vast  brow  beetles  forwiiid  an'l 

frownawithascatterinyfrui^c  of  pines 'I'he  rockiuUy  justitiesitsattiilni'tive 

heiglit  to  the  eye,  which  follows  the  upward  rush  of  the  miyhty  accli\  liy  stiep 
Efler  steep,  till  it  wins  the  doud-capt  summit,  when  tho  measureless  nia.s.Vsefiiij 
to  awii-!^  and  sway  overhead,  and  the  nerves  tremble  with  the  same  t.irurtlut 
besets  him  who  looks  downward  from  the  verge  of  a  loftv  precipice.  It  is  wholly 
grim  and  stern  ;  no  touch  of  beauty  relieves  the  austere  ina,jesty  of  that  iiresciue. 
At  the  f  )ot  of  Cape  Eternity  the  water  is  of  unknown  depth,  and  it  spieads,  a 
black  expanse,  in  the  rounding  hollow  of  sliorcs  of  uniniuKiuable  wildncss  and 
desola^.ion,  and  issues  again  in  its  river's  course  arouiftl  the  base  of  Cuik;  Tiiiiitv. 
Thi'isyet  loftier  than  the  sister  cliff,  but  it  slopes  gently  backward  from  the 
Btraam,  and  from  foot  to  crest  it  is  heavily  clothed  >.itli  a  forest  of  piiii's.  The 
woods  that  hitherto  have  shagged  the  hills  with  a  stunted  and  meagre  growth, 
allowing  long  stretches  scarred  by  fire,  now  assume  a  stately  size,  and  nsseiiillej 
themselves  compactly  upon  the  side  of  the  mountain,  setting  then-  serried  steiiu| 
one  rank  above  another,  till  the  summit  is  crowned  with  the  mass  ot  theirihiri 
green  plumes,  dense  and  soft  and  beautiful ;  so  that  the  spirit,  perturlnd  by  th( 
spectacle  of  the  other  cliff,  is  calmed  and  assuaged  by  the  serene  grandeuroi  tliis. 
—  From  W.  D.  Howells's  A  Chance  Acquaintance. 

Statue  Point  and  Les  Tableaux  are  next  passed,  and  then  Ha  Ha  Bai 
is   reached,  with   its    two  small   villages,    S5-40  M.   above  which 
Chicoutimi,  at  the  head  of  ship  navigation.    60  M.  farther  W.,  in  t 
bosom  of  a  vast  and  desolate  wilderness,  is  the  reservoir  of  tlic  Sagueiia)j 
the  great  Lake  of  St.  John. 

From  Quebec  to  Springfield,  Hartford,  New  Haven,  and  Now  Yorl 
see  Route  24.     From  Quebec  to  Boston,  by  Lake  Memphreningoc;,  Whi 
River  Junction,  and  Concord,  see  Routes  24  and  29  ;  to  Boston,  by  way  ( 
Gorhan:,.  Portland,  and  the  sea-shore,  see  Routes  40  and  37;  or  by  way  j 
Gorham,  Portland,  and  Lawrence,  see  Routes  40  and  38. 

1  In  recent  maps  and  descriptions  the  name  of  Eteniity  has  been  Riven  toj 
N.  cape,  and  Trinity  to  the  other.  This  is  not  correct,  for  the  X.  cape  "^ 
named  La  Trinite  by  the  Jesuits,  on  account  of  its  union  of  three  vast  sectil 
into  one  mountain.  It  is  known  by  that  name  among  the  old  pilots  awl  riy 
people. 


By  the 

'''•ri  M. 

iinl  iiuly 
Thin  roi 
^I'i  jw.sse 

0';  mid  t] 
i'ifts,),.j,j  _ 

dm  IlijJs 

hutil  Ihi,}. 

Chief  f, 

mii'ikliclii 

Wl,  J.>1  ;  C 


For 


'1  dost 
^He  124); 
^"'"iy,see] 
^•■'''K  -iiid  th, 

rjie  .V.  Y  ^ 

Uawk  Hi 
If'sw,  with 
''*-'  «"d  was 

""-'  '•itizer 

iffactory-viJia^ 

Tribes'  II 

"'"fi'o  extent 
l^'iliam 


ron 
iver 


m. 

JJO 


Sir 


an( 


*  {Fonda . 


"■■toH-n  to  ( 


SOI 


''rain 


^H  hv 


passes  tj] 


Palati 


un 


igtiPfiiiiii  iiaiMiuM^^— 


"••^k.fc 


^q  JI.    Fare.  $i|  85^^"^. «•  R  and  fi,e  N  v  r^„,    ,  , 


RiSw,io.f"p '?''•-- ««st"n-   S    Fr.nr     ,  ' ""'^i'' '*'"^  crosses  the 


fiel, 


■'•'■■".  uiiariiaiu   177.   aii  '      »'"^"'i  "«  ;  VVcsHini,!    1,  v'    "'greater    41.   tir 
,    f- » .Iccrintio,,  „,  ,„  •     '*""  ""'"••  =»-*■■        ■  *"""°''' 

rite  dtize,?,     n    ■./      ■>'  ""^  *''«"<'l'  i"  1090  ,f7        .     "'  '"""'""'  'n 

m^smmmm 

r''^^  (Fonda  Hotel)  i,  .    ,  «i'ds  through 

0  pretty  hanUet  of  Ca,^^^„harie 


■??l 


■  ?•  ! 


ir'- 


ti ' 


■•  I '     ! 


388      Route  57. 


TRENTON  FALLS. 


V    f  ^"fv 


^■i'l  1 


is  seen  on  the  1.  bank  of  the  Mohawk.  Daily  stages  nin  thence  12  M.  S. 
to  the  favorite  siimmer-rosort  of  Bh  ^ringl  ("  the  Bailen  Baden  of 

America").  Fort  Plain  (Union  Hun;  i.-i  a  large  village  in  the  rentre  of  a 
district  which  is  rich  in  the  history  and  legends  of  the  old  wars.  After 
crossing  the  E.  Canada  Creek  the  line  traverses  the  Manheini  intervale? 
and  reaches  Little  Falls  (lienton  House),  a  busy  factory  village  jjictur. 
esc^uely  built  in  tlie  narrow  gorge  where  the  rapid  Mohawk  breaks  through 
a  rocky  ridge  5-600  ft.  high.  Great  quantities  of  rich  cheese  are  for- 
warded from  this  point,  and  also  from  the  next  station,  Herkimer  (the 
capital  of  Herkimer  County).  Uion  is  the  seat  of  the  Remington  rifle- 
factory,  where  large  armaments  have  been  made  for  Egyi)t,  Japan,  Rome, 
Denmark,  Spain,  Sweden,  and  the  S.  American  republics.  Duriiin;  7 
months  of  the  Franco-Prussian  War  the  works  ran  night  and  day,  iunl 
made  155,000  rifles  for  France.  Crossing  the  Mohawk  River  llie  train 
reaches  Utica  [*  Butterjield  House ,  Bnggs'  Hotel),  a  thriving  city  of 
30,000  inhabitants,  with  34  churches,  5  banks,  and  3  daily  papers,  There 
is  a  large  Welsh  andGennan  population  here;  and  the  manufantures  of 
the  city  are  manifold  and  lucrative.  In  the  W.  suburb  are  the  imposing 
buildings  of  the  State  Tn:iane  Asylum. 

*  Trenton  Falls  (*  Moore's  Trenton  Falls  Hotel)  are  17  M.  N.  W.  of 
Utic.i  by  the  Utica  &  Black  River  R.  R.  (in  40  min.  ;  fare,  75c.),  and  are 
of  rare  and  picturesque  beauty.  They  are  formed  by  the  W.  Canadi 
Creek,  which  here  descends  in  a  profound  limestone  ravine,  and  have  a 
singular  appearance  by  reason  of  the  amber  color  of  the  water.  Tlie  hoteli 
and  falls  are  1  M.  from  the  station  (carriages,  50c.).  The  Shermnti  Fall 
are  the  first  approached,  and  800  ft.  beyond  are  the  *  High  Falls,  thi 
finest  point  in  the  series.  Above  this  place  is  the  great  romantic  rock' 
hall  called  the  Alhainbra  ;  and  still  farther  up  the  creek  is  the  Prospecl 
Fall.  Tlie  railroad  runs  N.  from  Trenton  Falls  to  Boonville  and  Loirrilkl 
the  favorite  entrances  to  John  Brown's  Tract  (see  Osgood's  Middle  Stab. 
page  155). 

Biohileld  Springo  {*  Spring  House  ;  American)  is  reached  from  Utii 
by  the  D.,  L.  &  W.  R.  R.  in  35  M.,  and  is  one  of  the  chief  .summer  resoi 
of  Central  N.  Y.  The  sidplmr-Avaters  of  Richfield  are  unpleasant  to  t 
taste,  but  are  very  efficacious  in  ameliorating  cutaneous  disorders.  Tl 
village  is  nleasantly  situated  in  Otsego  County,  near  Schuyler  Lake  ai 
Otsego  Lake,  the  home  of  Cooper  (see  Osgood's  Middle  States,  page  3i' 
and  has  summer  quarters  for  2,500  guests. 

Beyond  Whitesboro'  and  Oriskany  the  train  enters  the  city  of  Boi 
(Stanvnx  Hall ;  American),  a  manufacturing  centre  with  11,000  inha] 
tants,  at  the  confluence  of  the  Erie  and  the  Black  River  Canals.    Romi 
on  the  site  of  Fort  Stanwix,  which  sustained  an  heroic  siege  in  177" 
to  the  E.  occurred  the  fatal  battle  of  Oriskany,  where  the  valley  r-r.^' 


fere  ai 

^'frona^ 

l^ncida  , 

of  the  0 

''elicaf,,  J 

nier  visit, 

"<-'>iia  iuul 

Syracu, 

Mny  ail, J 

■"emaiiuf: 

""i'  vicu's  01 
^f^aga  are 

\m$  of  ro( 

M>ik  of  sa 

N«M.  Joj 
N  i.s  .iiversi 
P  Onondarrj 
-MseslVay,;, 
"w/AVO  10 
m-ra  arose 
r"" '"  recen 
^Chester  ( 
""Jwine  mod 
'°^'ee  Uiver 
h^vhich  an 
''<WO,000  bur 
'^e  nurseries 

!Z  ^^'-'"■ts  an 
'%).  T/,e^ 
'^•^n  ^ew  Yo 

''■"''"Of  t/,^ 
L*'^"ctures  of 

/^"Jstitu 

t'^'  Roches 
7  "'eludes  tJ 

^'(^^r  therefor 


ROOilEsTEa 


•"re  ambuscaderl  hv  thn  r   ,-  ^'^^teS?.      3^9 

'■'•'•'^"«>  near  the  Vero.  a  i""  ""^  ""'^'^'"ed  heaw  . 

';-'■''''  ^EagJe  irofe,    ;  "  ^^^'•"•^^.  '""I  ^V.  .f  \he  ^7^  '7"«.    Station,. 

;  .^^^' Oneida  Conw     ,.;.'"  ^'--'^  of  the  Mi ,    „^'    "  n  ^---'^ion 

"""^'^•-^^ioun.1::    :7"^^^  -I   ^^^V.^«,^  ^-"-'Uiacturo  of 
":-""'  «"l].hur  .vat  ,s    wi  ';  T''  ^''^'"'^'-'^e.  0/   ,''''? /''«">'  «»m. 

^  s^r^ouse  f .  oione  ZTr  "i"^""'^  •^'"•-^•^  'Tot         '''■''^^''  "•^«' 

""■'^'^^^  «^  the  city  C^;"'^'  '-^  -eJI-endowecI  Mot  o.U^r '""^  "^"  •'"'^^J- 
Ipnngs  are  :^.  ^f^  ^/"  '  ^'^^«  a'-e  enjoyed  from    1.  '"'^titution  ;  and 

|po>its  of  rock-salt)  ,  V'"'^  o^  brine  (from   ,■„„  ''"'^'"' are  worthv 

["'^«'-f  «alt  :l  J'^^-'^^  to  the  Stat^     nr"";?''^'^«-anean      f 

r  '^  diversified  with  /,  '"  ^'"^  «««.     Its  uT\  '""^  ""attractive 

t  ^--'.^ga  so,-:  r  o,^';'t-^"-  of  the  P    ^  '^^"l'  of  i.,erest 
K  ^V'ayne  Connty In,       ?''  '■'''^''■°»-      Beyond  «  ^  ^'"'•'^'  E"&lish, 

f '"'vra  arose  the  LTl  ?   P"I'P«''""nt  oil  an  «  '"  ^^o^S  ^Con- 

b"  ^^^-^  ^--   ^  ''^""^^"^^  - 's  iHtts  s^'""'^^-  ^- 

IS  Chester  {*Oshurn  ff  ' '°  extensively 

h«"'e  modern  c    '  oftr^'  ^''^^^-^  //'>^./  •   r 
h^iver.     It      ;:l,7«  "''-'>itants      :,,S;r^-  ^^^^0  is   a 
r  ^^^''^h  are  the  I  *''"  "^^our  Citv  "  n        ^^ ''^"^ted  on  the 

mm  barrel,  ffl  '"  *^«  -orld    Li,:."  '""'"^  «^  ^'t^^  Ao  r 
h  '•'•'-.series  co^  l^  th        "^^  "  ^^^^^    Sly  "^  bv  '"""^^   ^^-'ty 

K    Tile  */J,tr^   v/'^'^^^f^ 2,50^000  T''^^^   ''  ^""^ant 
h."n]^aintings.    Fron  f^^^^^^^^  '""'^  "^^'^^n  a7LTT'''^  ''"^'^^^^'^^s 

h^;.ctures  of  t],f  S  H  m'^:"  ^''^''^''  the  PnlZ  T''.''^  ^^  Saiu^ea 
f  ^'^3- of  Rochester  hi  "'"'  ^^"'"^  House,  and  H.  I  c/"^''  ^^^  *^« 
¥:^  University  Ave  !' J  ''°"^  ^""''i"«-  ft'ontif '^  ^''^°°'-  ^he 
I  ^'^is  institnHn  '  """^  'ts  geoJofficaJ  P..K     .  ^  ^^''°^«  «  verdant 

P-  °f  the  city  are  tl,„  I  !    ''^"''er,  the  Gem,«„  \     ™'"^  "5,000 
I  ^""'-W  e„„,„aK    TheEr^Z^:: 


I* 

■■'» 


i 


-..  i 


7|if 


t  i; 


i^.  i 


>*' 


fi'^  I 


390      Route  58. 


NL  GARA   FALLS. 


the  Oenespo  (nonr  tlio  BufTfilo  St.  Bridge)  on  a  fine  aqueduct  of  cut  Htono 
wliich  cost  $(500,000.  The  •  Afnunt  Ilnpe  Cemeter]/  is  a  beautiful  ami  at- 
tractive l)uryinj;-grouniI  S.  of  the  city,  iienr  the  river;  ai«il  1ms  iiiriunmm,, 
hills  uud  groves,  and  a  fur-viewing  oliserviitory-tower.  The  Oenesoo  Falls 
are  within  the  city,  and  are  interesting  in  an  industrial  point  dj'  \i,.,v. 
The  upper  full  hus  9(5  ft.  of  dei)th,  and  is  iiietures(|ue  in  high  w.ilcr,  The 
great  water-power  derived  from  this  fall  gives  Rochester  its  irnportaiia' 
OS  a  nianufutrturing  city.  The  tniddlo  fulls  are  1^  M.  hclow,  amiaiv^j 
ft.  deep;  while  the  lower  falls  descend  84  ft.,  and  are  the  most  jii,-. 
tures(iue  of  the  serie;<.  Steani1)oat3  run  from  the  lower  falls  (niul  trains 
from  the  R.  R.  station)  to  t'ltarloltc,  the  port  of  Rochester,  iilcasantly 
situated  on  Lake  Ontario,  7  AL  distant. 

The  Niagara  train  runs  W.  from  Rochester  along  the  line  of  the  Kiiej 
Canal,  passing  Brockpnrt,  famous  for  its   large  State  Normal  Silinol 
Holley,  near  suit-springs;  Albion,  the  capital  of  Orleans  County,  with  si 
high  dome  on  the  Court  House;  Medina,  enriched  by  prolific  (iiianjps  off 
red  sandstone;  and  Lookport  {Judson  I/nusc),  a  city  of  ir),(iii(i  inhaliij 
tants,  surrounded  l)y  a  fine  agricultural  country,  and  made  active  hy  mj 
mercrs  manufactories.     On  tlie  1.  from  the  train  are  seen  the  10  \nns>\\i 
locks  which  t,ive  the  city  its  name,  and  by  v^hose  aid  the  Erie  f'anal  a.i{ 
cends  6G  ft.  from  the  Genesee  Level  to  the  Erie  Level.     The  train  passej 
on  rapidly  over  a  wide  rural  district,  and  soon  reaches  Suspension  liriii 
and  Niagara  Falls. 


58.   Niagara  Falls. 


Hotels. —  * Cataract  House,  and  International  Hotel,  each  8 4. "iO  a  day, 
cated  near  tlie  Rapids,  ypeneer  House,  opposite  the  station,  open  all  tin'  yi 
(•'$3.50  a  (lay) ;  I'arlv  Place  Hotel.  On  the  CanatUan  shore  is  tlie  *c:iilt(>M  Ilm 
^.S.SO  a  day  (U.  8.  money);  also  the  Victoria  Hall,  on  the  lieiylits  alinvr  (lift 
The  Cli  ton  commands  the  finest  view  of  the  Falls.  The  Monteagle  liuttl  is 
Suspension  Bridge  (.'3I12-  15  a  week). 

Carriages.  —  Tlie  liacknien  of  Niagara  have  been  a  source  of  continiinl  an; 
ance  to  visitors  by  tlicir  importunity  .and  extortion.     Tliey  may  easily  lie  shai 
oft"  l)y  a  promjjt  and  llrm  refusal  :  and  gentlemen  who  wish  to  riil(   wiih  t 
shonld  make  an  explicit  verbal  contract  before  starting,  —  in  whicli  the  iiliri 
be  visited,  the  time  to  be  taken,  and  the  compensation  should  lie  (li.stiii| 
understood  by  both  parties.     There  is  then  but  little  danger  of  tidiibk- 
tolls  on  the  bridges  and  roads  are  paid  by  the  tourist.    No  reliaiuo  sliouli 
placed  on  the  hackman's  statement  of  distances.    The  tarifT for  canla^'is  is ' 
hour,  but  .special  contracts  maybe  made  at  lower  rates  for  visiting  sp('(ilit'li>o| 
These  rates  vary  with  the  men,  the  season,  and  the  size  of  the  jiarty.    A 1 
And  driver  may  be  hired  for  si  5  a  day.    The  trip  on  the  Canadian  siilc  uwh'k 
Table  Rocsk,  the  Burning  Spring,  Lundy's  Lane,  the  lower  Suspension  Biiil;:?, 
the  Whirlpool  (and  sometimes  Brock's  monument  on  Qneenston  H('i;;lits). 
Is  but  little  need  of  a  carriage  on  the  American  shore  unless  Niaj;ara  C 
visited,  —  Goat  Island  and  Prospect  Park  being  more  easily  and  pleasantly 
ersed  on  foot.    A  carriage  and  span  may  be  hired  (outside  the  hotels)  for 
day  to  carry  4  -  5  persons  to  all  points  of  interest  on  both  shores, —  incl 
the  Suspension  Biidge  and  Queenston  Heights.    Tolls  and  entrance-fees  a 
hicluded  in  this  price.    Guides  may  be  obtained  in  the  village,  but  there 
fixed  tariff. 


8hn 

irtlc/e.s 
M  <h.>t, 
are  (^e/ie 

Tlu'Px 

'tin  Inn 
"(  tllr  ^••| 
>ii'l  iiii/ir, 

I'lfiitly  " 
"■•'  «'.'a  ai 
s"ai« .;,.;;,., 

''•'"■"  '■ill  li 

tarexp,.,, 
W.^  liere  ,„, 

""'"'■^fa/u.bi 

, ,""  •  ''.V  I'eii 
'  """•'* ;  aii,l  I,: 

Iff'  ''"■  ''-ny 
i"?:"'o.  uics 

1ST'-  ■''''^' 

l"*^0  (jii/e 
,/'■'•*■ '""o  ;  s 


,.„„    Jfe-'ooji, 

if'"  ••'"'"< 

„  '"'  ""  the  ,1, 

*"''  iiave  rec 

'"»  o'lt  the  I 

'"'"'^''indicic] 

,,  ''''h  dried  I 

!'''  J»iand 
"•  ^-  station 

^^^'•'■«acour, 


NIAGARA  FALLS. 


"«■  .turn, .■..,.„, ™,',j; '" .;r'-«k.- ..!■  ,„-„;„™ ;'», : :™>Mr'' »"'i .^ K    ,  '■"• 


n 


yii 


■—  ""  ""«  Word  of  G.Ki  ••   7 7)  ,  *"^«  tUo  ileluye  ^  L k,(,f  ""  *"  "•■^'•kness 
I^UG.vRA  Falls  are  sirn.f  ^^'^^^^s.)  "''     ^'«''fc-ca,ue  rush- 

■      •  sution,  and  is  reachel  h.         •  '  -fi)  is  5  inin.  wallr  f„ 

t^^  guinea  a  fine  view  oh      "';•""'"  ^^^'•'"'^g-bri.l.e^O  fl  ,     "" 
r^"-  in  a  course  of  5  m  '  "^^^^^  ^"J  turbuJenf  R      J    ^°"^' 

'  '  M-.  and  attain  a  velocity  ofll\^Z'VJ:r^ 


't1    i' 


■i  (, 


I 


392      Moufc  58. 


NIAGARA  FALLS. 


"like  a  battle-charge  of  tempestuous  waves,  animated  and  infuriated 
against  the  sky."  Beyond  Bath  Island  (witli  the  Tribune  Paper  Mills) 
the  road  reaches  Goat  Island,  whose  sequestered  groves  are  the  goal  of 
"that  great  circle  of  newly  wedded  bliss,  wliich,  involving  the  whole  laiiil 
during  the  season  of  bridal  tours,  may  be  said  to  show  richest  and  fairest 
at  Niagfxra,  like  the  costly  jewel  of  a  precious  ring  "  (see  Howells's  "Their 
Wedding  Journey  ").  The  path  to  the  r.  from  the  bridge  leads  (in  5  miii.) 
to  the  loot  of  the  island  and  the  verge  of  the  *  Centre  Falls,  whence  a 
foot-bridge  conducts  to  Luna  Island,  a  rocky  islet  between  the  Centre 
and  American  Falls.  The  *  American  Fall  stretches  away  from  Luna 
Island  for  1,200  ft.,  with  a  perpendicular  plunge  of  164  ft. ;  and  the  visi- 
tor can  stand  within  a  span  of  its  curve.  Fine  lunar  bows  are  seen  here 
on  nights  when  the  moon  is  full.  At  this  end  of  Goat  Island  is  a  stairw.ny  | 
leading  to  the  level  of  the  river  below  the  Falls.  Guides  and  water-proof 
clothing  are  here  furnished  ($1.50)  for  persons  who  wish  to  enter  the 
Cave  of  the,  H'mc?*,  a  damp  grotto,  whose  W.  side  la  formed  by  the  blue  I 
water  of  the  massive  Centre  Fall.  Double  and  triple  concentric  circularj 
rainbows  may  be  seen  in  this  vicinity  on  a  bright  afternoon.  The  road  onl 
tlie  sunmiit  of  the  cliff  passes  the  liridges  to  the  islet  on  which  stood  tlie 
Terrapin  Tower.  The  *  *  view  of  the  Horse-Shoe  Fall  from  this  point] 
one  of  the  grandest  about  Niagara.  The  width  of  the  Fall  is  nearly  2,W 
ft.,  with  a  height  of  158  ft.  (6  ft.  less  than  the  American  Fall).  Nearitd 
centre  is  the  smooth  dark-green  current  which  marks  the  deepest  wate^ 
of  the  Falls,  —  over  20  ft. 

The  term  "  Canadian  Fall  "  is  often  applied  to  the  waters  W.  of  Goat  Island,  bd 
it  is  inexaet,  since  the  national  houndai'y  iiasses  down  the  centre  of  the  HnrsJ 
yhoe,  leaving  fully  half  of  the  W.  Falls  in  the  domain  of  the  Reiiublie.  Tlicoul 
line  of  this  Fall  has  been  so  changed  that  the  horseshoe  curve  is  less  ajiiiaicif 
than  formerly.  In  recent  years  large  sections  of  the  adjacent  cliffs  of  (j(iat  Isliiif 
have  fallen  into  the  abyss  jjelow,  and  Gull  Island,  near  tlie  curve  of  the  Falls, 
been  washed  away.  In  1827  the  cqjidenined  ship  Michiijan  was  sent  ovtrtS 
Ilorse-Shoc  Falls  with  a  cargo  of  animals,  one  of  which,  a  sagacious  bear,  deseitl 
the  ship  in  the  midst  ot^the  rapids,  and  swam  ashore.  In  1810  a  salt-lioat  siiJ 
off  Chippewa,  and  3  of  the  crew  were  carried  over  the  Falls;  in  18-21,  a  srnwai 
2  men  went  over  ;  in  1825,  5  more,  3  of  whom  were  in  canoes  ;  in  ISII,  a  s;iij 
6(!0W  and  2  men,  and  2  smugglei's  ;  in  1847,  a  yonng  boy,  who  tried  tn  row  airuj 
above;  in  1848,  two  children  were  playing  in  a  slviff,  when  it  got  kmse.-ti 
mother,  wading  out,  saved  one,  but  tlie  other  was  swept  over,  grasjiing  tlip'j 
on  each  side.  In  1871,  3  strangers  tried  to  row  across  far  above,  but  tiie  mrrj 
drewthem  in,  and  curried  them  down  ;  and  in  1873, a  newly  married  couple,ivlij 
rowing  al)out  near  Chippewa,  were  drawn  into  the  central  current,  and  rasj 
over  the  Falls  in  each  other's  arms.  Many  other  disasters  have  occinicd  m 
and  below  the  Falls,  as  if  to  verity  the  Indian  tradition  that  Niagara  dcmamll 
victims  yeiirly.  Two  bull-terrier  dogs  have  made  the  plunge  over  the  Aiu'ril 
Falls  without  harm.  One  of  them  lived  all  winter  on  a  dead  cow  whicliitfci 
on  the  rocks  below  ;  and  the  other  trotted  up  the  ferry-stairs,  very  nuuh ; 
ished  and  grieved,  within  an  hour  from  the  time  when  he  waa  thrown  froiiilj| 
Island  Bridge. 

The  *  Three  Sisters  are  rugged  and  romantic  islets  S.  W.  of 
Island,  and  are  reached  by  3  pretty  suspension-bridges  coiuiected  withj 


uo 


long, 

eloH-.    Tile 

^««'-l)ower. 

';^''J'.S  also 
^fpatii  is  ru 

'"*t  enters  a 

"le  tujiiult 

Kthewayac, 

"^K  mvh  is 

'slied  ill  1S2 
'^^,ft-    Aroa, 

,f*NewSus 

'''ef'alJs,  of 

^°ftheAm 
^'"^'fuJ  pom 


NIAGAEA   FALLS.  »    ,   „       „ 

read  leading  froui  Terrani,,  k  ■  i 
%-Us  at  .heir  wi.le,TLp«'"a„J'"'  '"'"'^  "■=  >>-'  •W™-  „,  .., 

Fi'om  the  head  of  an.*  t„,_..  ,  .  .. 


hey 

'>l'i"<i.  where  she  we  I't  to r/.     /''"^'''  *''«  t'-irknesJ'  f,,       '"'''"'^^  ^^'«^  then  sSan 
Mss  of  flame)     ('ni    a  i,    ^'if  ^  *-'«  (soii.e  sav  tl.iV  .?  '     ■  ^'''^  ^'ascades  beW  n  ^ 

ginhj.  ,7.240  aSS     in  mf 'iP  i^'-^i.  and      ' r'rVon '''  ■'".""  ^'fterwa  'ds 

J  'Prospeot  Park    entrance    20c.  •"«^' "as  .ba„a„„eU. 

l';"a,.et,  o„  the  very  ve,«e  of  t„  M  f  " "'""■»™.  inwalL,.  ,, "'^ 
r  ™™  °f  tt»  wale,.  ,uly  toZf^::".'""'  *'"'  <'««P  al.vs»  ,,„,,,,' 
K",  ™d  inclined  at  an  angle  of  tS,';  '""l;"^'  ^  -"-ay  3  0 
r"'    «'«  cars  are  dram,  bv  in  „,,,     ""  "'«  Pa,k  to  tlie  river 

hj"-;  ''"«-i-dfro„ie,afo;:;;'t'^'.^""""  -  «*« "; 

F  M  ;  also  to  Point  vi„  to  2  ,1    '      """"  ""^  ^P''-^  '«ard 

>  -S  wI":"V«'-™S-  a'-a  in  wa  t       '"*  '°  '""  '°'^  »'■  "■«  cliff, 

x^ew  Suspension  Bridee  ro-ip   f         , ' 
['^f'alJs,  of  which  it  givsfj",   ^°'-P«J^«t"-'">s)  is  6 -800  ft  be 

17*  ^     '         solemn  darkness  of  the  wooded 


''ii 


aUfc*«prV»^-1W»B*S»^7%iCB ^  .  ~..  MZ  ■ -..  ^1„  ^l-a-f 


I",  -f  h.k 


394      -fto«<e  68. 


NIAGARA  B'ALLS. 


islands,  the  mystery  of  the  vaporous  gulf,  the  indomitable  wildiiess  of  the 

shores,  as  far  as  the  eye  can  reach  up  or  down  the  fatal  stream 

Of  all  the  bridges  made  with  hands  it  seems  the  lightest,  most  ethereal; 
it  is  ideally  graceful,  and  droops  from  its  slight  towers  like  a  garlaml." 
That  "  apotheosis  of  industry,"  the  white  and  slender  fall  called  the 
Bridal  Veil,  is  seen  on  the  American  shore,  and  is  the  end  of  "a  poDr 
but  respectable  mill-race  which  has  devoted  itself  strictly  to  business,  and 
has  turned  mill-wheels  instead  of  fooling  around  water-lilies.    It  can  alFord 
that  ultimate  finery."    The  bridge  was  finished  in  1869,  at  a  cost  of 
$  175,000,  and  is  the  longest  suspension-bridge  in  the  world,  being  1,190 1 
ft.  from  cliff  to  cliff,  and  1,268  ft.  from  tower  to  tower.     The  Aniericanj 
tower  (10c.  for  the  ascent)  is   100  ft.  high;  and  the  Canadian  towerj 
(ascended  by  an  elevator  ;  '25c. )  is  105  ft.  higli,  and  commands  a  noblei 
*  view  of  the  Falls  and  the  great  ravine.     The  terminus  is  near  the  Clifto: 
House,  a  spacious  first-class  hotel  which  faces  the  entire  range  of  tin 
Falls.     Passing  from  the  Clifton  House  toward  the  Falls,  a  contiinioii 
and  majestic  prospect  is  afforded.    The  Museum  (50c. )  is  soon  ajJiiioacliei 
It  contains  collections  of  coins,  minerals,  Egyptian  relics  and  niurniiii 
casts  from  Ninevite  sculptures,  a  line  of  grotesque  wax  figures,  and 
extensive  array  of  stuffed  birds  and  animals  arranged  in  a  forest-scei; 
There  is  a  pleasant  prospect  from  the  upper  balconies,  and  in  the  h 
below  is  a  large  salesi-oom  for  byoiiterie  characteristic  of  Niagara.    Li' 
buffaloes  are  kept  in  the  yard.     Oil-cloth  suits  and  guides  are  fiuiiis 
here  (S  1)  for  the  passage  under  the  Horse-Shoe  Fall.    Termination  K^ 
is  reached  near  the  edge  of  the  Fall,  and  visitors,  blinded  by  the  sp 
and  deafened  by  the  roaring  of  the  waters,  will  be  satisfied  to  ret 
speedily.     300  ft.  above  the  Museum  is  Table  Rock,  from  which  is  gii 
the  grandest  front  *  *  view  of  the  entire  Falls  ;  and  time  should  be 
limited  at  this  point. 


n 


In  1850  a  section  of  this  ledf^e,  200  x  GO  ft.,  and  100  ft.  thick,  broke  away,! 
plunged  into  the  diasni  below  witli  a  treniendouH  roar      An  omnibus  wliiilif 
standing  ui)on  it,  went  down  also,  and  was  shivered  to  atoms,  the  iliivir  1 
escaping  by  the  warning  of  tlie  splitting  rocks.     The  remaining  jmi  t  uf 
Rock  is  thought  to  be  destined  to  remain  lirm,  as  there  is  but  little  ovirlil 
although  a  crack  125  ft.  long  and  00  It.  deep  was  left  when  the  great  ciasli 
place. 

The  *  Burning  Spring  is  2  M.  above  Table  Rock,  and  should 
proached  by  the  river-road,  which  affords  a  fine  view  of  the  Great  0.d 
Rapids  and  the  broad  river  above.  Just  above  is  the  fine  mansioj 
park  formerly  owned  by  Mr.  Street,  a  I'etired  bachelor  and  fer\  id  loj 
Nature,  who  won  the  ill-will  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  section  aq 
gratitude  of  all  tourists  by  refusing  to  allow  nulls  to  be  erected 
wide  riverward  domains.  The  Burning  Spring  (40c.  admission)  is  I 
charged  with  suli)huretted  hydrogen  gas,  which  burns  with  an  ini 


a?id 

fo;j.s. 
'''  ^^-er  on 
,  "'"'^'^  the  1 

^"iiiC 

"'■eseen   y 

/^'ics-e,,, 
'y  into  a 

'"'i'^^l  pilot 
|,  /^^''■^inot 

'  '^fiier 


"^ut  th 


^H  a 


thii 
ere  fo,f 


an 
^me  of 


^UGAKA   FALLS. 


«l.-.«t  stream  of «,    „'  ''°"™'  '«  favertel  "'•■'■    *  '"b  wS 

-^ regained,  includ    Irt^r?"'^  ^«''«^^«  ^onv  n    f   °  "'^  ^^^^«  '^V 

'f-  °'  ">e  rJr      ■;  :-r,f  the  O,.:   w  S:r?'-r  '^°  -"«^>  and 

f «  wen,  „y,^   ""'/'«  S.  W.  the  »»,,  „„«"  d*ct,„„i„  thecnrv, 

T'^  ^"*«  a  «a.row  1^'  '''''''  *'^^  ^^''-^ter    o    th      '  '"^"  *«  ^he 

,^''j'^^«t  Jiobiuson^.f'/^'^^^'^^  *'>a»  the  sides      r'^^  ^^^'^^  ^ha 

"^'ir'"''  ''^^^-^  ^  1^.";^  ^^^--  ^S^^  .^  u.^f'  '''- 
,,   'w  suioke-sti^],  ''"«  of  a  larm.  ,  .  ,    ™  *»'  as  she 

r»'  there  for^l      f '  ""  draw,,  i„t„  '  "'  ''>■  "'urs  35o  ft.  ^j,  ,  ' 

"^vn  up  by  a  scoun- 


U:!-    I 


i  V. 


f  mii^ 


I 


( ;i 


;i)  i 


J  ■( 


:; 


h 


396      /2«M^e  5<S. 


NIAGARA  FALLS. 


drelly  refugee  in  1840  ;  and  in  1853  the  present  noble  *  monument  wwt 
dedicated.  On  a  base  40  ft.  square  and  20  ft.  liigh  are  4  colossal  lions 
between  which  rises  a  lofty  fluted  shaft  of  sandstone.  On  the  Coririthiiy 
capital  is  a  relief  of  the  Goddess  of  War,  and  above  this  is  a  dome  viiiih 
supports  a  colossal  statue  of  Gen.  Brock.  The  monument  is  185  ft,  liiirh, 
and  is  ascended  by  an  inner  spiral  stairway  of  250  steps.  The  view  fromj 
this  point  is  extensive,  and  includes  the  tower  on  Lundy's  Lane,  a  coiisidj 
erable  sweep  of  the  river,  and  the  broad  lake. 

It  is  probable  that  the  fearless  Franciscan   monks  and  the  adveiitnmus  fur 
traders  of  "ranee  liad  often  seen  tlie  Falls  at  u  very  early  day.    But  t!ic  tirst  de 
6crii)tion  (with  a  sketch)  was  made  by  Father  llennei)iii  in  1(378,  who  gav;  tlii-in 
height  of  GOO  ft.,  saying  also  :  "Betwixt  the  Lakes  Erie  and  Oiitariu  tliiiv  is 
vast  and  iirodigious  cadence  of  water  which  falls  down  a  surtirising  and  astuiiijlij 

ing  height,  insomuch  that  the  universe  doesj  not  afford  its  iiarallel Tin 

waters  which  fall  from  this  horrible  i)reciiiice  do  foam  and  boil  after  tlif  m' 
hideous  manner  imaginable,  making  an  outrageous  noise,  more  terrible  tiiaii  lii 
of  thunder  ;  for  when  the  wind  blows  out  of  the  S.  their  dismal  roai  in;:  may 
heard  more  than  15  leagues.    The  river  Niagara,  having  thrown  itself  down  tli 
incredible  precipice,  continues  its  impetuous  course  for  2  leagues  togctiier 

with  an  inexpressible  rajiidity The  two  brinks  of  it  arc  so  prodigious  lii| 

that  it  would  make  one  tremble  to  look  steadily  upon  the  water  rolling  along  «ii 
a  rapidity  not  to  be  imagined."    Before  this  visit  the  peaceful  Kalikwa  tiil 
(called  the  Neuter  Nation)  had  been  driven  from  the  region,  and  the  Seneca, 
replaced  them,  but  did  not  dwell  near  the  cascades  (Hennepin  thinks  tliey  fi:ii 
to  be  made  deaf  by  "the   horrid  noise  of  the  Fall").     In  1G87   tlie  BaiMii 
Hontau  visited  the  Falls,  and  reported  them  to  be  7  -  SOO  ft.  high  and  Ij  .M.  wi 
The  name  Niagara  is  .said  to  mean  •'  Thunder  of  'Waters."    In  1G78  La  Salle 
tered  tlie  river  (with  IG  men,  in  a  lO-ton  brigantine)  singing  the  'J'c  Lkum, 
the  next  year  sailed  from  above  the  Falls  in  tlie  first  vessel  on  the  Great  Lai 
In  1G87  a  fort  was  built  at  Niagara  by  the  Marquis  De  Nonville  ;  and  in  IVJO 
du  PortJige  was  erected  above  the  Falls.     This  was  taken  in  the  year  of  the 
quest  of  Canada,  and  was  strengthened  under  the  name  of  Fort  Sililusser. 
17C3  :)eeurred  a  )'L;rrible  massacre  at  Devil's  Hole,  3h  M.  S.  of  the  Falls,  win 
large  force  of  Kenecas  ambushed  a  commissary-train  with  a  strong  escort,  oiij 
shore  of  Bloody.  Run.     But  2  of  the  train-guards  escaped,  while  the  siipi 
which  were  hurried  from  Lewiston  to  the  sound  of  the  tiring  were  nearly  all] 
to  the  tomahawk  in  a  second  ambush.    Many  of  the  victims  were  cast  alve 
the  lofty  clifFs  into  the  boiling  Niagara,  and  their  horses  and  wagons  were  hi 
down  after  them. 


in  its  ^ 

'limn  i. 

»as  tlie 

otli'^ht, 

Sfri/e. 

clash  of 

"lat  e(i;i] 

miifflei/  t 

dnilil  J);i(j 

,  "le  (loud 


Some  to 
1^4 'Did  t} 
h''  ml  A. 

p  f  tu'jce 
j»'iei)ee  a  si 

J'"^  f'le  moil 
f'''--  the 
P  IaJ:e 


An 
is  i 

P°'f''eari.sto, 


«i'e  Onti 


ario. 


"  O'er  Huron's  wnve  the  sun  wns  low, 
The  weary  soldier  wiitehed  the  bow 
Fast  fmlins  from  the  cloud  below 
The  diishiug  oi  Niagara. 


And  while  the  phantom  ch  'ineil  iiissij 
Ahl  little  thought  lie  of  t:.e  liplit,- 
Thc  horrors  of  the  dreamless  night, 
That  posted  on  so  rapidly." 


-hotels.  --  *  I 

mde  St.,  a 

^r^e4tq 


tht 


The  Battle  of  Niagara  Falls,  or  Lundy's  Lane,  was  fought  July  2.'i,  1814, 
heights  li  M,  AV.  of  the  Falls.  Several  days  after  the  victory  at  ChiiM'e«'<.l 
advancedwith  1,200  men,  and  engaged  the  British  at  Lundy's  Lane.  Ht 
that  but  a  small  force  was  before  him,  but  in  reality  it  was  the  whole  lioslila 
Jessup's  25th  Regulars  charged  through  the  lines  of  'Wellington's  veuraj 
captured  Gen.  Riall  and  his  staff,  and  at  9  in  the  evening  the  rest  ol'll» 
reinforced  Scott.  A  little  later.  Col.  Miller  and  the  21st  Regulars  advaj 
the  lieights  in  the  moonlight  and  Etormcd  the  British  batteries  ah'ive. 
terrible  hand-to-hand  contest  with  the  infantry  sup]iorts,  Miller  held  tin  lij 
7  pieces  of  British  artillery,  and  repulsed  4  charges  of  the  enemy.  'Wlieiil 
British  assault  was  disastrously  repulsed,  the  Americans  remained  in  ]« 
of  the  enemy's  i)ositions  and  guns.  Later  in  the  night  they  retired  a; 
tance  from  the  field  and  battery,  which  were  reoccupied  by  the  roynlistsj 
were  2,000  Americans  in  this  battle  (of  whou)  852  were  lost),  and  4,500  Br 
whom  878  were  lost).    The  Battle  of  Niagara  Falls  "has  few  parallels  in 


»fio\ro 
"MVes;,    ,,, 

"'«  «iiore) 
!r''  '"^  5  dl 

;  '.'^'  ^"^  t 

'"'^^  the  an 
''I 


TOHONTO. 


09.  Ifiagara  Palis  to  T«,.    x 

Tke  i/r    ^^^*®  ^nd  Montreal 

.    Some  tourists  prefer  to       .         """'^  "''"-• 

r4  -iiul  there  to  t-/l-p  n     ^"^      HaiiiiJto,,  or  to  n.n  t  .. 

-« (twice  dailv)  a,;;    "  ."^  "-"-     P-I.aps  tL  il^"" ^""'^«--  of 


h^«  (twice  dailv)  a  on       .  ""'  "'"•''^-     P«rJ.aps    L  fx^  '"'"^"''-^"-"^  of 
,P  , '^^"''-^  tJie  nver,  with  fi„e  retrn!"  f    *"  ^^'"^*^^^. 


lint  lie  nioniim«i,f„.„       ,  ,"'»  ">er,  witi,  n...  ^,       '""^  ^"  ^m'slon 

I'u-e  i.s  n.  j:;„".  ^t^-^i-ii^".  fort., :;  .t ,  ":,r;"'  °f  «- 

J"«  Ontario.  , ,?.?  Z"""'"-    R"m,i„>r  «,.„':!;'?"'»  «""»ner  resoH 


r'0"t;  and  the  moJ ;       ^^'^  "''«  3  laree  rrr-iin    i  ''lurches, 


W3 


i;  s 


398       Houtc  59. 


TORONTO. 


:^1  ■': 


•|f^ 


The  ♦University  is  reached  from  Queen  St.  by  College  Ave.,  wlddi  is 
4,000  ft.  long  and  120  ft.  wide,  and  is  lined  with  double  rows  of  slimlf- 
trces.  The  buildings  (open  2-5  P.  M.)  form  the  3  sides  of  a  qii;i(lraii;'le 
250  ft.  square,  and  are  of  gray  rnbble-stone,  trimmed  with  Ohio  aiiil  f'ncn 
stone.  The  University  is  the  finest  specimen  of  Norman  archil icture  in 
America,  and  is  bold  and  imposing  in  its  outlines.  In  the  centre  of  tlif 
S.  front  is  a  massive  tower  120  ft.  high,  with  the  main  portal  iiml  i;ri  at 
window  covered  with  all  the  wealth  of  Norman  decoration.  Tlic  massiv,; 
colunms  of  the  vestibule,  and  the  Convocation,  Library,  and  .Miisiiim 
halls,  with  their  pointed  oaken  roofs  and  grotesquely  carved  coibcls,  are 
Avorthy  of  notice.  To  the  E.  is  the  Queen's  Park,  a  pleasant  ddiimin  of 
50  acres,  which  has  been  leased  to  the  city  for  999  years.  It  is  adonicil 
with  a  costly  monument  to  the  Torontonians  who  were  killed  dining  the 
Fenian  foray  in  ISGG;  and  also  with  a  fine  bronze  statue  of  Qiioen  Vic- 
toria, near  the  trophy-cannon  from  Sebastopol. 

*  St.  James  Cathedral  is  a  stately  Episcopal  church  on  the  rornor  ofj 
King  and  Church  Sts.     It  is  in  the  early  English  Gothic  architoctiup,  an 
is  pleasantly  secluded  among  fine  old  trees.     The  massive  tower  has  bee 
crowned  with  a  spire  325  ft.  high,  and  the  open  timber  roof  is  70  It, 
above  the  floor  of  the  nave.    The  stained  glass  of  the  lancet-window,-;  ii 
the  chancel  i»  very  brilliant.     Opposite  the  Cathedral,  and  beyond  .S 
Lawrence  Hall  and  Market,  is  the  Citr/  Hall.    To  the  N.,  beyond  the  Col 
lege  of  Technology  and  the  Mechanics'  Institute,  is  the  elegant  and  orna 
building  of  the  Metropolitan  Wesleyan  Church,  near  St.  Michacd's  C'ath 
dral  (Catholic).     The  Xomud  School  occupies  a  fine  Palladian  hiiililini 
and  is  near  the  Model  Scliools  and  the  Educational  Museum,  snnotinJi 
by  7^  acres  of  finely  adorned  grounds.     The  new  Post-Ofike  is  at  1 
head  of  Toronto  St.,  and  the  Masonic  Hall  (on  Toronto  St.)  has  a  cos 
and  ornate  front  of  Ohio  stone.    *  Osgoode  Hall  is  a  stately  Governnn 
building  (on  Queen  St. )  in  classic  architecture,  and  is  used  for  the  Siipei 
Courts  of  the  Province.     Near  the  Union  Railway  Station  aie  tlie 
Provincial  Parliament  Buildings,  and  the  homely  halls  of  tlie  I'l' 
Canada  College. 

Trinity  College  is  W.  of  the  city  (Queen  St.  horse-cars),  ami! 
gabled  an<l  turreted  buildings  in  lotli-century  pointed  architt'cture 
ated  in  a  park  of  20  acres  whicli  overlooks  the  bay.     It  was  fouiiil 
Bishop  Strachan  in  1851.     In  this  vicinity  is  the  spacious  buildiiii;  of 
Provincial  Lunatic  Asi/lum,  surrounded  by   200  acres  of  oriKiiiiej 
grounds,  S.  of  which  is  tlie  exposition  building  called  the  Cri/.'^/id  1''-'^ 
The  General  Ilosjntal  is  a  large  building  on  the  E.  of  the  city,  iirtf] 
Victoria  Medical  College.     The  Loretto  Abbey  (15  nuns;  on  Wc 
Place)  and  the  Convent  of  the  Most  Precious  Elood  (on  St.  Jn.- 
are  interesting  Catholic  institutions.  U">''ls 


^vliieJi 


KINGSTON. 


Itoate  50.      399 


ege  Ave,  wliuli  i^ 
ible  rows  of  shiulc- 
es  of  a  cuKulrau'^le 
,vith  Ohio  iuv\  Carti 
manavc'liit''''t>m'iu 

In  the  centvf  ff  t^'" 
in  portal  and  gv.iU 
•ation.    Tbenuis^ive 
.brary,  aiulM"^^™- 
ly  carved  covl.i-ls,  ai. ' 
a  pleasant  (lonuuuol 

years.     It  i^  '^'^""'"f 
■ere  killed  duvi.v^  tkl 
statue  of  QvuH'nMo-l 

urch  on  the  rovner  of| 
.othic  arehitecluve  a. 
nassive  tower  basb. 

,u  timber  roof  i^  <^  "' 
;f  the  lancet-wimloNj-^ « 
tl^edral,  and  1.^-^ 

listhedegantau;!";';^ 

earSt.Micha.l^^^ 
j.,,e  palladian  InuWi 
,,,Musenn.su.o.. 

:ovonto  St.)  has  a  co.i 
1  is  a  stately  O.vevun. 
Vis  used  for  tl.eS«.. 
[way  Station  ave  tk 

St   horse-cars\  ami  j 
Ip'^ted  architejt.. 

bay-  ^':'^!Zi 

of  oviiiuiifi 


It  was 

200  acres  ^^  -'u. 
called  the  Cr// 

(-l5nuns-,onN^'^|;J 
Blood  (on  St.  J^'^'^ 


lie 


Tlie  Canadian  Navigation  Co.'s  nteaniera  leave  Hamilton  daily  at  9  a.  m.,  and 
Toronto  at  2  p.  M.  They  reach  Port  Hoiie  at  O.aO  p.  m.;  Kingston  at  5.30  a.  m.; 
(;;iiiaii«que  at  7  a.  m. ;  Brocliville  at  !).aO;  I'rescott  at  10.30;  Cornwall  at  1.'20 
p.  M.;  and  Montreal  at  0.15  p.  m.  State-rooms  should  l>o  secured  as  early  as 
jiosiiibi^  ;  and  travellers  should  be  awakened  on  leaving  Kingston,  iJi  order  to  see 
tl>e  Thousand  Islands. 

Passing  the  Scarlioro'  Highlands  and  Dailington  port  and  harbor  at 
nboiit  snpper-time,  the  steamer  reaches  Port  Hope  (>^t  Lanrrence  Hall), 
a  pretty  village  of  Durliam  County.     It  is  located  in  a  narrow  valley 
which  is  overlooked  by  the  hill  of  Fort  Orton,  and  is  surrounded  by  a 
fooil  farming  country.     There  are  5,400  iidiubitants,  7  churches,  and  3 
weekly  papers;  and  the  buildings  of  Trinity  College  are  seen  on  the  hill 
to  tlu!  E.     The  Midland  linilicmj  runs  thence  N.  W.  to  Beaverton  and 
Orillia  (06  and  87  M. ),  on  Lake  Simcoe ;  also  40  M.  N.  to  Lakelield, 
whence  steamers  ascend  "  a  chain  of  beautiful  lakes  stretching  N.  half- 
nyto  the  Arctic  Sea."    Cobourg  is  reached  at  late  twilight,  and  is  a 
pretty  town  of  4,000  inhabitants,  with  a  large  trade  in  shijiping  lumber, 
iron  ore,  and  grain  to  the  U.  S.     In  the  N.  is  Victoria  t'ollcgc,  a  pros- 
perou.s  Wesleyan  university  (150  students),  with  neat  buiMings  in  a  park 
of  9  acres.     A  railroad  runs  13  M.  N.  to  Harwood,  on  the  many-islanded 
Rice  Lake,  whence  steamers  ply  (on  Rice  and  Marmora  Lakes)  to  Peter- 
borough (tri-weekly;  30  M.  N. )  and  Blairton.     Daily  steamers  run  from 
t'obourg  to  Charlotte  (see  page  390).    After  leaving  Cobourg  the  Montreal 
steamer  passes  well  out  into  the  lake  to  avoid  the  peninsular  county  of 
Prince  Edward.     At  early  dawn  Amherst  Island  is  passed,  and  by  day- 
light tlie  broad  harbor  of  Kingston  is  entered. 
Kingston  {British  American  lintel)  is  the  chief  city  of  Frontenac 
County,  and  is  favorably  situated  at  the  confluence  of  the  Cataracqui 
|»nii  St.  Lawrence  Rivers,  at  the  foot  of  Lake  Ontario,  and  above  the  head 
if  the  Thousand  Islands.     It  has  13,000  inhabitants,  12  churclies,  2  small 
i^hedrals,  2  daily  papers,  and  numerous  manufactories.     It  ranks,  as  a 
o:tret;.s,  next  to  Quebec  and  Halifax,  and  its  harbor  is  defended  by  strong 
tterics,  the  chief  of  which  is  Fort  Henry,  on  Point  Frederick.     The 
y  is  very  broad  and  deep,  sheltered  l:)y  Wolfe  and  Garden  Islands ;  and  , 
ere  aie  provisions  for  making  here  an  extensive  naval  depot  in  time  of 
'sr.    W.  of  the  city  is  the  Queen's  University,  a  Presbyterian  institution, 
ith  faculties  of  arts  and  theology.     The  Catholic  College  of  Regiopo- 
lias  liundsome  buildings,  and  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians  has  11 
fessors  and  good  collections.     The  Penitentiary  is  2  M.  W.,  and  haa 
convicts  ;  and  the  Rockwood  Insane  Asylum  is  a  national  institu- 
m in  fine  buildings  near  by.    Kingston  was  founded  by  De  Courcelles 
1672,  and  after  the  British  occupation  it  was  ma<le  the  capital  of 
per  Canada.     Just  beyond  Kingston  begins  the  Lake  of  the  Thov^and 
•nds,  which  is  diversified  by  over  1,800  islands  and  islets,  airording  the 


V' 


; 


\V 


\ 

1  m 

'       1 

1         1 

U'  1 

■    '         (' 

400      Route  50. 


OTTAWA. 


t  ^ 


-t  i:  ! 


most  picturesque  and  romantic  scenery  (see  page  193,  Osgood's  Muldk 
States).  The  cliief  summer  resort  of  the  Thousand  Islands  is  Alexuiuhia 
Bay,  a  village  of  N.  Y.  State,  where  there  are  2  tirst-class  hotels  (*Tliou- 
sand  T.slands  House  ;  ♦  Crossmon  House).  After  traversing  the  niirrow 
channels  of  the  archipelago  for  40  M.,  the  steamer  readies  BrockcHb^  a 
large  Canadian  village  whence  lumber  and  iron  are  shipped  to  the  U.  S, 
Small  steamers  run  from  this  pohit  through  the  Thousand  Islands  ;  and  a 
steam  ferry-boat  crosses  every  half-hour  to  Morristown,  a  N.  Y.  liamltt. 
Below  Brockville  the  oi)en  river  is  entered,  and  is  fcdlowed,  by  .Muillainl, 
to  Prescott  (Daniel's  Hotel),  a  sombre  stone-built  village  near  the  dilapi- 
dated bastions  of  Fort  Wellington.  On  the  opposite  shore  is  tlio  jnos- 
perous  American  city  of  Ogdensburg  {Seymour  House;  Wvudman 
House),  '.vith  r2,0(»0  inhabitants  and  great  flour  and  lumber  mills.  Tliu 
city  is  at  the  confluence  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Oswegatchie  Rivers,  ainl 
is  regularly  laid  out  and  handsomely  built,  its  streets  being  so  coiuiiletely 
lined  with  trees  as  to  have  won  for  it  the  name  of  "the  Maple  C'ity."j 
The  St.  Jean  Baptiste  church,  the  dome  of  the  U.  S.  Post-Oitice,  aiil 
the  lofty  elevator  which  terminates  the  long  wharves  are  proiiiineiitlyj 
seen  from  the  river.  Ogdensburg  was  founded  as  a  mission-station,  iiij 
1748,  by  the  Abbe  Pi(piet,  the  patriarch  of  the  Five  Nations,  was  surien-i 
dered  to  the  U.  S.  in  1796,  and  was  captured  by  Canadian  troops  in  1S13.| 

The  St.  Lawrence  £  Ottawa  R.  It.  runs  54  M.  N.  from  Prescott,  thrnugli  an  un^ 
jiitf'iesting  regiun  of  forests  and  ru^'ged  clearings,  and  reaches  Ottawa  (A'«.<.'C 
Hofrl),  the,  capital  of  Canada.    The  Canadian  *  *  Parliament  House  is  situate 
on  a  lofty  bluff  over  the  Ottawa  River,  and  is  the  finest  specimen  of  Italian  (^)Oil.i| 
architecture  in  America  or  the  world.    Tlie  great  *  Victoria  tower  in  the  ceut: 
of  the  faqade  is  imposing  in  its  iJrojiortions  ;  and  tlie  polygonal  building  of  tli 
Doviinion  Lihrary  is  in  thii  rear  of  the  buildings.     The  halls  of  the  benate  a: 
Chamber  of  Connnons  are  worthy  of  a  visit,  and  are  adorned  with  staiiied-gli 
windows  and  marble  rolunuis.     In  the  Senate  is  a  statue  of  Queen  Viclniia,  ai 
near  the  vice-regal  throne  are  busts  of  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Wales.  T 
departmental  buildings  which  flank  the  Parliament  House  are  stately  stnutiii 
in  harmonious  architecture,  and  of  the  same  kinds  of  stone.     The  Calhcdml 
Notre  Davie  and  the  nuimeries  of  the  lower  town  are  interesting ;  alsn  tlie 
churches  of  the  middle  town  (which,  like  the  rest  of  the  city,  is  still  umleiyii 
a  formative  process).     The  *  *  Cliaucllere  Falls  are  just  above  the  city,  win 
the  broad  Ottawa  River  plunges  down  over  long  and  ragged  ledges.    In  t| 
vicinity  are  immense  luinber-yanls,  with  the  connected  industries  whicli  sii] 
the  French  Canadians,  who  fonn  the  majority  of  the  citizens  here.    S.  nf  tin 
are  the  pretty  Ridcau  Falls.    Steamers  depart  frequently  for  Montreal,  and 
the  remote  forests  of  the  N. 

Ottawa  and  the  Ottawa  River,  see  Osgood's  Middle  States,  page  128. 


lor 


Quebec 


1''^''  hoats 
ifiavs 


of 
'  and  Q 
"I'liersi, 


The  steamer  passes  out  from  Prescott,  and  leaves  Fort  Wellington  i 
the  historic  Windmill  Point  on  the  1.     3  M.  below  Prescott  it 
Chimney  Island,  the  Isle  Ruyale  of  the  French,  who  built  here 
Levis,  with  35  cannon.     This  work  checked  Lord  Amherst's  ariiijl 
10,000  men,  and  was  only  reduced  after  a  bombardment  of  5  days' i 
tioTi  (1760).     Off"  Point  Cardinal  the  steamer  enters  the  Gallopcs  R^il 
and  l)eyond  Point  Iroquois  the  Rapide  de  Plat  is  descended,  and  tlie 


•''ifiirdav 
"'ir  of 


•     T/ 

John 

the  h 


Ffi  hv 


1  clesceucled,  and  the 


''0^«  «Awyr  upws. 


•'^^'■^'T  «'"l  fatal  winter  nu.!      ^'"^'''^''••^■'■s  lost  3.30  n>oM     m?  ^'"'^  "1^ 

'■•'"  J8  ft.  in  9  M       ,  -  '"""^  '"'ters  tl.e  i   "     1'     ^'"'  •'^^'^■""^'r  .soon 

'"•"-vy  in   iLf ;;;  ;^''•^•■--'■-  of  ,,,,.,    ;,^7  ^auU  Rapids,  whie 

""'■'1,'^'  of  0  'jnn  ;.  i  7  *'"^  ''•U>i<l.s  is  r',.^,,      ,  ''"  '''^''-•'  into  2 

r»»' IS.  s,,„„ .  1,7' """"■«  "P-I"'....!  vo«o!,,    „,,''"=';'<«"  '»  the 
h'h  of  the  0th  V    D  ■      "  "'"'  "  '»ol")      On„„  B™"l'an,„i,, 

^"'rdav.     Til  \:       ^•'  ""''  Charlottofown  real         .''""''  ^''^'^''^^ 
In        ■        "icy  connpit  nt  i>,     '     .  '' '^'^scninir  fill,  i..** 

f «.-  -wren; "'""  ^°"« »' '  E « :r  p  =  "■■•"■  -""«.«; 


1;^    ,!! 


j; 


Route  (10. 


ISLE  OF   ORLEANS. 


On  k'iiving  Quebec  the  attention  ia  concentruted  on  tlie  beautifnl  rrt- 
rosi)e(!t  of  tlic  lofty  city  unil  its  enibiittle'l  walls.  On  tlie  r.  are  tlit 
lieiglits  of  Point  Levi;  and  the  vrtllcy  of  tlu;  St.  Charles  is  soon  stcii  n|i(ii. 
iiig  on  the  1.  The  IbIo  of  Orleans  is  next  coasted  on  the  N.  side,  ami  is 
a  fertile  district,  20  M.  long  by  r>-(]  M.  with-,  insulated  by  the  N.  and  s. 
channels  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  and  famous  for  its  lovely  rural  .scenery.  It 
was  originally  named  the  Isle  of  Bacchus  ;  and  received  its  prestnt  tiilr 
in  honor  of  the  royal  family  of  France.  There  are  five  parishes  nii  tin' 
islan<l,  and  its  chief  villages  are  St.  Laurent  and  St.  Jean  d'Orlcaiis  (IJiliJ 
itdiabitants).  On  the  N.  baidi  of  the  river,  beyond  the  long  village  of  Ihvu- 
port,  with  its  stately  church,  the  *  Montmorenci  Falls  are  sei'ii,  w  liitrlv 
gleaming  against  dark  cliffs  250  ft.  high.  The  steamer  next  i)a>sis  tlic 
high  and  pictures(iue  shores  of  Ange  Gardien,  Chateau  Richer,  8t.  Amu, 
and  St.  Joachim  (see  i)age  384). 

Below  the  Isle  of  Orleans  the  Laxirentian  Mts.  are  seen  on  tlu-  !.,  tir-| 
niinating  on  the  river  in  the  bold  promontory  called  Cnp  Timnmnb 
The  sti'amer  now  enters  the  broader  waters  of  the  Lower  St.  ba\vn:ii( 
(20  M.  wide),  and  passes  Grosse  Isle,  Isle  aux  Coudres,   Muriay  1j;i\j 
Cacouna,  and  Tado\isac,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Saguenay  Iliver  (iiagcs:' 
antl  .380).     1(5  M,  below  Riviere  du  Loup  en  has  is  Isle  Vcrte,  with  a  to«i 
of   1,1.3-4  inhabitants,  containing  the  j)ublic  buildings  of  Temiscouat) 
County.      From  the  lighthouse  a  camion  is  fired  every  half-hour  diiriiij 
snow-storms  and  fogs.     40  M.  farther  down  is  L' Islet  au  Massdciv  (^  > 
M.  in  area),  whose  name  is  derived  from  the  fact  that  here,  some  2  centij 
ries  ago,  200  Micmac  Indians  were  surprised  by  the  hostile  Iroqiuiis.    TIi 
Micmacs  were  sleeping  at  night  in  a  large  cavern  near  the  beach  ;aij 
the  enemy  .surrounded  its  entrance  with  fagots  which  they  set  on 
Nearly  all  of  the  unfortunate  Nova-Scotians  were  massacred  amid  tH%;ei/ac  js 

f  ^^■,  ^yith 
("••"•"x'stranJ 

""''"loiith  off 


l/ie  ill, 
collide, 
.1  coJd 

ni(s.,  an 
emidoyii 

f''I'<'  (ina 

Mfiiafcd  , 

(■"il  and  n 

iiill  wJtk-h 

landed  at  i 

'J''ie  steu 

^'  •"'<  vvc/y, 

rcaclie.s  i\.j 

"'•■■  Ijiit  des 

Comify.     c 

iliicli  vises 

front  ],'Ji)0 

I'll:  I,  s|„;j|] 

"■'«•    On  its 

«"TllOr;uit.s,  £ 

f'«'"i  that  t\ 
,^-''iare,i), 

|b- followed  tc 


flames  or  were  suffocated  by  the  smoke. 

In  shore  from  the  islet  is  the  village  of  Bic,  on  the   'ntercolotiial  ?d 
way;  and  9  M.  below  is  RimousJci,  with  its  summer  hotels  (seii-liatliii;| 
spacious  cathedral,  and  the  public  buildings  of  Rimouski  County, 
hills  of  Bic  and  Rimouski  are  quite  picturesque. 
Wednesday  morning  the  steamer  reaches  Father  Point,  a  snnll  lianj 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Rimouski  River  (famous  for  its  fisheries).    At 
lighthouse  on  the  Point  is  a  marine  telegraph-office,  and  outwavd-l"' 
vessels   leave   their  pilots   here.     This  vicinity  is  much  fre(iUL'iitcii 
sportsmen,  on  account  of  the  multitudes  of  Canada  geese,  (ltK'k>. 
brant  that  are  found  here.     Beyond  Father  Point  tlic  steamer  ]Kissi>j 
maritime  handets  of  Metis  and  Matane,  and  begins  to  round  tlie  ?] 
peninsula  of  Gaspe,  a  vast  wilderness  whose  shore  is  dotted  at 
distances  with  small  fishing-stations.     On  the  N.  .shore  is  the  boM 
dangerous  Pointe  de  Monts,  with  its  fog-guns  and  lofty  lightliouse:! 


"idustryl 
"btei's.      « I'lj 

'«a(,T-]evejf 
''''s  ei-ectei 

'""^  '"tercoJ( 
hM  Ml,.. 


r'  i«u 


Villi ic 
"  with 


'  -^"VeLs  are 


I5AY   OF  CliALEUUS. 


lloHtr  r/t. 


•103 


the  \)ea\Uif»i\  Tf't- 

)u  thi!  V.  art;  \1»« 

is  Hoou  si'*'<»  "F"- 

■he  N.  si'^''-  "'""^  '^ 
[  \,y  till' N.  amis. 

■  runv\  scenery.    It 
iA  its  in-eseiit  tilU- 
vu  parislies  <m  tli'- 
»and'OrleausO.Pl| 

Lis  are  seen,  Nvlnu  y 
uev  next  passes  tli'" 
:auKicUer,St.Aw>".| 

e  seenoutVUH 

Aled  C«i>  7- •'^•"'"1 

,  LoNvev  St.  L^^vv;■">^ 
;ouAres,  Muvvuy  ba^J 
,e„aylUver(lK.;:^'>- 

^t  Ti'iiiiscouiui 
lilinf'S  01    i^'"         ,  1 

|hathe.re,s..me2ce.u 

hostile  Iroqw'is.    i^ 
•n  near  the  iH.aeV,  a. 


|.re  wassacred 

tl,e  intercolonial  1|^ 
^ler  hotels  (sea-l-at.."1 
iRiwouski  County. 

Upoint,asn..llH 
foritstishencs).    -^ 

is  much  i-ri;<l"«'"^^' 
lauada  gee«^.  *^;      .,, 
It  the  steamoi  V^' 
legins  to  round  11^-- 

N   shore  is  tu^ 

Vd  lofty  ligWi^o^^^' 


the  liigliluiids  of  Oaspe  are  passed  on  the  r.  N.  E.  of  tliu  veH.sd'.'i 
(imise,  but  only  visible  in  clearest  weather,  is  the  Island  of  Antioosti, 
,1  cold  and  mountainous  land,  with  vu.st  peatd^o^'s  and  inuildu'ds.  It.s 
area  is  2, GOO  .s(iuare  M.,  an. I  its  population  is  102.  liear-liunting  iu  the 
mts,,  and  the  pursuit  <»f  seals  in  the  l)ays,  form  arduous  but  protitalde 
eiiii'loynients  ;  and  salmon  and  trout,  cod  and  herriu}^,  are  found  in  great 
almiiilance.  Rounding  Cape  Hosier,  with  its  lofty  lighthouse,  and  passiug 
Ciipe  (}asp(^,  the  steamer  reaehes  Oasp^,  a  rude  village  of  72(1  inhabitants, 
situiitcd  on  the  edge  of  the  trackle.ss  wilderiu'ss,  and  su]M)oited  by  the 
end  and  nuickerel  lislierie.s.  Baok  of  the  town  is  Fm-t  lUimsnii,  on  a  tall 
liill  wliieh  overlooks  the  deep,  silent  bay  called  the  Gasjm  Basil).  Cartier 
laiiilfd  at  tins  point  July  24,  1504. 

ilie  steamer  then  passes  in  sight  of  the  treuKMuidus  and  fatal  cliffs  of  Cnpe 

hihqioir,  and  leaves  the  remarkable  rocks  at  the  mouth  of  the  Bay;  and 

rtailies  Perce,  a  fishing  village  of  1,74;}  inhabitants,  situated  amid  rrman- 

tii:  but  desolate  scenery,  and  containing  the  ]niblic  buildings  of  Gaspo 

I  County.     Oi)posite  the  village  is  Lr,  liitchcr  J'rire,  a  remarkable  rock 

Uiiicli  rises  from  the  water  to  the  height  of  288  ft.,  with  a  jjreeipitous 

Iront  1,200  ft.  long.     It  is  pierced  by  a  natural  tunnel  or  arch,  through 

Uiii'li  snndl  tisliing-smaoks  can  sail  umler  the  roek  to  the  water  on  either 

si'le.    On  its  lofty  and  inaccessible  summit  myriads  of  sea-fowl  (gannels, 

Icomiorants,  gulls,  etc.)  build  their  nests,  and  the  neighboring  fishermen 

Iclaiiii  that  the  rock  is  haunted  by  a  si>irit  {Le  Genie  dc  I' Isle  Perce). 

leaving  Perce  at  8  A.  M.,  the  steamer  pa.sses  Bonaventnre  Island  (2^  x  2 

III,  in  ai-ea),  a  Catholic  settlement  facing  the  surges  of  the  Gulf  of  St. 

lUwrc'iice,  and  in  winter  resembling  an  iceberg.     The  trend  of  the  coast 

|is  followed  to  the  S.  W.,  and  at  2  r.  M.  (Thursday)  the  pretty  handet  of 

or 


kvhich  they  »'         J^hmthiac  is  reached.    The  view  now  opens  at  the  Bay  of  Ghaleur  i\ 


te  M.,  with  rugged  mountains  to  the  N.,  and  small  tishing-settlements 

iwinlie  strand.     At  the  W.  end  of  tiie  Bay  is  Dal/iuunie,  a  port  of  entry 

h'lli  :!,4()0  inliabilunts  and  several  churches,  situated  on  a  tine  harbor  jit 

miiouth  of  the.  Re-stigouche  River  (draining  4,000  square  M.).     The 

[fef  industry  of  Dalhousie  is  in  iires(!rving  and  shipi>ing  salmon  and 

'^ters.     '*  The  Ohl  Woman  "  is  a  .singular  column  of  rock  rising  from 

IS waterdevel  near  this  }ilai'e;  and  on  an  adjacent  bill  is  a  conspicuous 

IWv,  erected  over  a  naval  ofllcer's  grave.     Steamers  ascend  the  Resti- 

iiilie  10  M.  to  the  village  of  Camphellton,  the  chief  station  in  the  N. 

til'!  Intercolonial  Railway,  and  favored  with  a  large  trad(i  in  bunber 

Mli^li.    Ship^nijan  lalam/  (2'^)  X  10  ]M.  in  area)  is  neen  in  the  W.   Vessels 

ml  Miramiehi  Bay  and  IJiver  for  10  M.  to  Chatham,  a  handsome  sea- 

[ftiuwu  with  0,000  inhabituJits,  4  churches,  a  eatliedral,  and  a  college. 

k'  sirtets  are  lighted  with  gas.  and  the  harbor  can  accommodate  the 


m 


{,.  t 


1  \\ 


II 


t!i 


H 


'^%F 


i  I 


^  ■      ! 


404      HoHtcCO.      I'UINCK   EDVVAIID   ISLAND. 

Inrjfent  ships.  Itnmetific  quantities  of  luinbor  and  fish  arc  exported  tlurir^ 
SteanifMiats  croHS  to  NfwcnAth  (<{  M. ;  .JO  njin.),  an  active  vi!lii>,a'  ol  4,j()0 
Inlmhitants,  finely  »itnated  on  .iie  Miraniichi  Hiver,  and  the  ciipitul  nf 
Northnniberland  County.  The  railroad  earn  nniy  he  taki-n  at  l'iiii)t  un 
Chene,  nnininK  S.  W.  to  St.  Joiin,  108  M  ;  Baiii^or,  .'M4  M,;  and  Ud.-tttii, 
6G0  M.  (also  S.  to  Fictou,  181  M.;  and  Ilalilax,  190  M.). 


The  joimiey  from  Point  du  Chuno  to  Pictou  usually  occuitics  10-13 
hrs.,  with  Prince  Edward  Island  on  the  1.,  and  New  Brunswidv  aiiil 
Nova  Scotia  on  the  r.  Passing  between  Capes  Tonnentine  and  Ti;i\ irsi', 
the  course  is  laid  to  the  S.  E.,  down  the  Northumberland  Straits;  and  at  a 
little  after  noon  on  Saturday  the  steamer  reaches  FiotOtt,  a  place  of  about 
4,000  inhabitants,  situated  in  a  fertile  country.  Large  quantilics  of  coal 
are  mined  about  12  M.  back  of  Pictou,  and  are  shipped  from  this  port  to 
England  and  (in  limited  ([uantitics)  to  the  United  States. 

Steamers  leave  Pictou  tri-weekly  (Mon.,  Wed.,  and  Fri. ),  on  tlic  arrival 
of  the  morning  train  from  Halifax,  and  run  to  Charlottetown  (in  3-4 
hrs.),  the  capital  of  Prince  Edward  Island,  a  prettily  situated  to\Mi 
with  12,000  inhabitants,  9  cliurches,  7  weekly  papers,  3  banks,  St.  Dun- 
Stan's,  the  Prince  of  Wales,  and  the  Methodist  Colleges,  a  neat  Govern- 
ment House  of  Nova  Scotia  stone,  and  several  broad,  shady,  and  dull 
streets  running  to  a  deep  and  tranquil  harbor.  The  steamer  Heothrr  Ml 
runs  thence  up  the  Hillsborough  Rive,  tlirough  pretty  scenery,  to  Mouut 
Steioart,  a  nourishing  shipbuilding  haii:et  18  M.  distant  (leaves  at  3  p.  M., 
and  returns  in  the  evening).  Steamers  leave  Pictou  Satunlays  for  George- 
town, P.  E.  I. ;  and  Summerside 
is  reached  by  boat  from  Shediac  or  (tri-weekly)  from  Charlottetown  (\vlitni'« 
also  by  railroad). 

Steamers  leave  Pictou  every  Tuesday  and  Thursday  on  the  arrival  of 
the  njorning  train  from  Halifax,  and  run  N.  E.  to  Ilawkesbury  or  Puri 
Hood,  maritime  villages  of  the  island  of  Cape  Breton.  Stages  run  tlience 
to  Whykohyniaghf  a  rural  ItaRilut  jjicturesquely  situated  at  the  foot  of  tlie 
Bras  d'Or,  a  sheltered  salt-water  lake  50  M.  long,  which  is  biokeii  liy 
promontories  into  deep  and  narrow  bays.  The  steamboat  descends  the 
Bras  d'Or  amid  beautiful  scenery  to  Baddeck  (see  Charles  Dudley  Winner's 
"  Baddeck,  and  that  Sort  of  Thing  "),  the  capital  of  Victoria  County,  with 
'100  inhabitants,  and  a  considerable  trade  with  Newfoundland.  20  M.  be 
yond  Baddeck  the  Ncptinie  reaches  the  hamlet  of  Little  Bras  d'Or  ;  thfi 
passes  the  rich  Sydney  coal-mines,  near  the  Atlantic.     20  M.  beyond  the 


5  exported  thfiirc, 
;e  village  d  4,2(10 
Hid  the  ciipitiil  nf 
taken  nt  I'^'int  i(h 
I  M.;  and  IUi.stoii, 


lly  occuiiifs  10-1:5 
e\v  Bnuiswiek  aiiil 
itine  iiiid  Travursi", 
nd  Straits;  and  at  a 
OU,  a  idace  of  id'ont 
re  (luantitit's  of  coal 
3d  from  this  port  to 
tes. 

Fri. ),  on  the  arrival 

rlottetown  (in  3-4 

;ttily  situated  to\sn 

<,  3  banks,  St.  Dun- 

iges,  a  neat  Govern- 

id,  shady,  and  'lull 

;eamer  llenthrr  M 

|y  scenery,  to  .1^»"< 

mt  (leaves  at  3  P.M.. 

iturdays  for  (leorge- 

larlottetown  (wlienctj 

ly  on  tlie  arrival  of 
fawkesbiiru  or  /'"'' 
Stage.s  run  theiiw 
Eid  at  the  foot  of  tlie 
^■hich  is  hrokeii  liv 
Inboat  desciMids  the 
]es  Dudley  Warner's 
tctoria  County,  with 
Luand.     20  M.  be- 
lle Bras  d'Or ;  tliP'i 
20  M.  beyond  the 


ITINKKAUY. 


40.", 


tninr'',  the  boat  reaches  8.  Sydney,  Mituated  on  a  noble  harbor,  and  fa- 
mmiK  fur  its  ooal-shipnu-nts  (also  as  lu-ing  tiie  Freindi  navnl  station  for  N. 
.\iiu'rii;a).  It  has  3,<)00  inhabitants,  (5  ehurohes,  and  2  weekly  jiapers. 
24  .\I.  S.  E.  of  S.  Sydney,  Ih  the  former  Hcat  of  Freiieh  domination  in 
Anicriia,  the  port  of  Lottisbourg,  where  France  ereete<l  fort i(i<'at ions 
whioli  rost  over  .§  ft, 000,(100,  and  J'stablished  a  prosperous  rommereial 
oily.  After  several  sieges  and  liattles  the  fortress  was  demolished  by  tlie 
Ilritish  in  17t53;  and  there  now  remain  a  few  llshermen,  dwelliiig  amid 
tnciunt  ruins  which  front  the  Atlantic. 


SUPPLEMENTARY 

NEW-ENGLAND   ROUTES. 
61.  Boston  to  Lexington  and  Concord. 

Py  the  MidflleRox  Central  II.  11. ,  in  40  -  (JO  minutes. 

Stations.  —  Boston  ;  Elnt  St. ;  Luku  St. ;  Arlington ;  Arlington  Heights ;  Lexing- 
ton ;  Bedford ;  Concord. 

Till)  train  leaves  the  Boston,  Lowell  &  Nasi,  la  station,  and  passes  out 
over  the  Charles  River,  with  l)r(md  views  of  tht.  cities  on  eitlier  side.  It 
then  traveri^es  parts  of  the  nianutacturing  suburb  of  E.  Cambridge  and 
long  city  of  Somerville,  which  has  21,868  inhabitants,  with  12 
t'hurciies,  a  paper,  and  a  valuation  of  about  S  30,000,000.  It  has  manufac- 
tories of  mtislin-prints,  glass,  brass-ware,  bricks,  and  hollow-ware.  Tliere 
»re  several  far-viewing  hills  in  the  vicinity  ;  and  the  buildings  of  Tufts 
I  Ciillege  stand  on  Walnut  Hill,  to  the  N. 

Soon  after  leaving  the  main  line  the  train  reaches  Arlington  (.<4 r/m*;- 

l^tiHonse),  a  pleasant  hamlet  near  the  picturesque  Spy  Fond.     This  town 

ki'  3,906  inhabitants,  with    6    churches,   a  savings-bank,  paper,  high- 

Mcliodl,  and  library.     It  contains  many  market-gardens,  where  vegetables 

'ni  small  fruits  are  raised  for  the  Boston  market.     .J.  T.  Trowbridge,  the 

intiior,  lives  near    Spy  Pond  ;  and   the  ohl   summer-home  of  Kdward 

Everett  was  near  Mystic  Fond.  Arlington  stands  on  the  ancient  Indian 
Ifcmiiiu  of  Menotomy^  subsequently  called  W.  Cambridge.  It  sent  295 
ji'Jdiers  to  the  Secession  War.  S.  of  the  village  is  the  old  Russell  house, 
rliere  the  Essex-County  minute-men  attacked  Lord  Percy's  troops  in  the 
|wrcat  from  Lexington.    11  Americans  were  killed  in  this  hou.-»e. 


I 


.1  . 

< ; 

■W 


'i\ 


i 


:!-; 


m 


40G     Jini'lc  Gl. 


lexi:;gto\. 


,v  1 1 


\  I  r 


.   (■ 


Arlington  Heights  (Ring's  Sanitarium,  for  invalids)  i«  n  mo,]. 

em  village  on  tlui  hills  N.  W.  of  Spy  Pond,  having  several  pretty  vIIIms 
and  summer-residences.  The  Oliver-Warner  mansion  is  near  tlio  crpst 
The  Heights  are  often  visited  for  the  sake  of  the  noble  view  piiiovcd 
therefrom,  which  includes  Boston  and  its  environs,  the  har,  or  mul  it? 
islands,  the  ocean,  the  adjacent  lakes  and  villages,  and  a  vast  area  to  tlir! 
N.  and  VV.,  including  Mts.  Wachusett  and  Monadnock. 

Beyond  the  handet  of  E.  Leximjton  the  train  reaches  Lexington  («oni 
page  28),  the  chief  place  in  a  town  of  2,505  inhabitants,  with  a  saviiFs 
bank,  high-school,  paper,  and  5  churches.  The  fine  forests  and  pictn 
resqne  hill-country  around  the  village  have  been  much  admired.  "Xoi 
even  a  church-spire  pierces  through  the  green  boughs,  and  yet  this  is  in  tl; 
heart  of  the  most  densely  populated  State  of  the  Union."  The  (irfcii  i< 
well-shaded  park  of  two  acres,  on  which  the  fight  of  1775  occurrcil,  aiKJ  !i 
one  end  of  it  is  a  modest  monument  erected  bj-  the  State  in  hnnnr  nf  tlii 
men  who  fell  that  day.  At  the  other  end  of  the  Green  is  tlie  Mmm 
Hall,  which  was  built  in  honor  of  the  Lexington  soldiers  who  fillin  t 
Civil  War.  It  is  a  handsome  brick  building,  in  which  are  statue?  of  t 
Minute-Man  of  1776,  the  Volunteer  of  1S61,  and  the  Revolutionary  iierm 
John  Hancock  and  Samuel  Adams.  Beyond  the  rotunda  is  tlio  Cm 
Free  Library.  The  streets  in  the  vicinity  are  shady  and  pleasant,  a 
contain  many  comely  residences  and  ancient  historic  estates.  Tlico*. 
Parker  was  born  in  this  town. 

Station,  Bedford  (Bedford  House),  in  a  farming  and  dairy  town  of 
inhabilants.     The  village  has  two  churches,  and  is  on  high  ground,  w 
pleasant  streets  shaded  with  immemorial  elms.    2  M.  N.  is  the  aiicii 
summer-resort  of  Bedford  Springs  {^  10  a  Aveek),  near  medicinal  sulp 
saline,  and  iron  springs,  groves,  and  a  lake. 

The  line  next  sweeps  around  into  Concoru  (see  page  28),  which 
also  be  reached  by  the  Fitchburg  R.  K. 

Tlieti 
contains  2,676  inhabitants,  with  170  productive  farms,  3  churches  a  p 
library,  high-school,  lyceum,  bank,  and  a  valuation  of  about  S 2,501 
On  the  Common  is  a  plain  monument  in  honor  of  the  34  soldiers  of  Com 
who  died  in  the  Secession  War.     The  Public  Library  is  a  (juaiiit 
many-angled  modern  building  near  the  centre  of  the  village. 


62.  Bo 

"ew  SwamI 
*are  to  gl 


This  structure  rontjiins  a  larpc-  nnd  well-selected  library  ;  busts  of  Plato.  Ema 
Agassiz,  Mann,  Hawthorne,  and  Thrown;  large  portrnits  of  Emerson,  Wnsliij 
(copied  from  Stuart's),  and  Columbus  (copied  from  Titian's,  by  Uaplmcl  Ml 
manuscript  volumes,  etc.,  of  Wa-xhington,  Motley,  Lowell  ("The  (iitluJi 
Holmes,  Thorean  (•'  Walking  "),  nnd  Emerson  (,"  Culture  ") ;  collecHous  nf  iliJ 
and  Indian  relics  of  Concord,  coins  and  medals,  helior.vpes,  a  liible  df  Ml^im 
other  curiosities.  The  Concord  Alcove  contains  a  marble  bust  of  ^^'illiaul  Mf 
the  donor  of  the  building,  and  is  devoted  to  the  books  and  newspaper?  writf 
people  of  this  town,  beginning  in  1646.  Among  the  literary  notables  «iij 
lived  in  this  village  are  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  Henry  D.  Thoreau,tlie  llaivta 
A.  B.  Alcott,  Louisa  M.  Alcott.  E.  R  Hoar,  Frederick  IIudsoD,  Dr.  Foltiou,! 


' -"arljJehead, 

"'*'"'!  to  Swai 
''^'■''"^  hotels 
'^°'"  House  (i| 
''''^'n  the  Stat 

•8  01 

""■'■"'n  the  cj) 
towards  OceJ 
?^  815-25 


r  m-M  imii  I  1 1 


nion."     The  Green  i«i 


see  page  28),  which 


CONCORD. 


Jiuute62.     407 


A  short  walk  fS  Ar  ^  r         i  *"*'"*' 

I  Tl™  .s  no  joy  b„,  c  ,     „  ""'''•""■'"■<'  ho  inscribed  Tennvso,,',  n!  ' 

h  Emerson  wafched  tire  Ta  X     T     T''  ''""^  "■'">«"  -.Hlo    ,' 
l"»nived  for  year,  ,  „nd  „e  »  L,"^  x^'"''  *''"'■'<>  Kmo„o,^  „, 
"»le  i„  .hu  "Old  Manse"    ?!,::■;''""""■""  """-"'-ne  d»^ 
ha  are  i„  ..s,^,^,  ^„,  .he  Vm™'^"^»»  "f  Ha,v,„o„,e  I, 

p'  '<"'""•"  «'"■"«  i'™.i<  ••  (iii„;,Ledr  """"■"•  "'•'  "»«'«•■' 

62.  Bo5ton  to  Swampscott  and  Marblehead 

lb.  nc„  Swampscoll  Branch  "'enead. 

"'^fOll    to    Stir  '  ""^  '    ^^- 

[;'"  "^"««  n?0  quests)  is  beautif   iV!-;         .""  *'"  '"•'"■"  ''"e.    Tho 

!^'n  the  station  ;  the  ioc!^!a  '  ;[  ^7'? /''^''''"^^  ^ 

f^^  is  on  a  hi^h  hill  bevomi  ^'"^  ^''^''^'^  «"  the  E. ;  the 

.  tow    ds  Ocean  Avenue  (see"^;'^;;f^J;f '«/--„  is  .ea.-  .hi 

r  ^^'-25  '^  week  ;    the  others  a  e   1,!  t  ]"  '^°  fi'-«t-narned 

mo.o  moderate.     Nearer  the 


408     Route  62. 


SWAMPSCOTT. 


station  are  the  large  summer  boarding-houses  of  >rrs.  Page,  Mrs.  Clark 
and  Messrs.  Blaney  and  others.     The  feature  of  surii::  c. 

cottages  prevails  here  to  a  great  extent,  and  some  of  the  villas  nre  co«flv 
and  beautiful.  The  topography  of  Swampseott  is  remarkably  varip<l  ai.il 
interesting,  since  it  is  a  hilly  and  rocky  town,  fronting  to  the  S  aiii  K.  on 
the  ocean,  and  giving  from  its  h'gh  promontories  broad  marine  views,  in- 
cluding also  Egg  Rock,  Nahant,  the  Scituate  bluffs,  and  the  Blue  llilUdf 
Milton.  There  are  three  beaches,  —  Blancy's  and  Whale,  slinrt  strips 
near  t!ie  village,  and  Phillips  Beach,  which  faces  to  the  E.,  and  is  l  }i. 
long,  with  Phillips  Pond  inside  and  the  rocky  heights  of  Phillips  roiiiton 
the  S.,  covered  with  villas.  The  town  has  2,128  inhai>itanr<,  with  4 
churches,  and  a  fleet  of  about  20  vessels,  employed  in  the  fisheries.  Most 
of  the  adjacent  towns  are  supplied  with  fish  from  this  point. 

The  Phillips-Bench  station  is  convenient  to  the  great  beach,  tlmnsrh  well 
inland.    The  line  is  now  on  a  high  grade,  and  gives  fine  views  of  tlie  ni;i«. 
sive  blue  sea,  over  rich  green  fields  and  the  gardens  of  villas.     On  thol. 
are  tree-crested  hills.      Bench-Bluff  station   is  near  the   Addi^on-Cliilil 
cottages ;  and  about  ^  M.  distant,  on  a  high  bluff  over  the  sea,  ari'  the 
*  Hotel  Preston  and  The  Upland,  two  first-claes  summer-hotels  (512-20 
a  week).      The  view   from   this  headland  was   commended  hy  Lioiit. 
Maury  as  the  noblest  on  the  Eastern  coast.     The  wh'te  ledjre?  of  Rum] 
Island  and  Tinker's  Island  are  plainly  seen,  with  Phillips  I'oint  on  llior. 
and  Marblehead  Neck  on  the  1.     Pleasant  sea-views  are  gained  as  the  tniin  I 
passes  on  to  ClifUm,  near  which  is  the  Clifton  House,  an  old  hotel  whirh 
has  lately  been  somewhat  remodelled  and  improved.    It  is  near  tlie  fesi; 
and  its  rates  are  lower  than  those  of  the  Preston.    Devertux  station  i?  | 
near  the  large  summer  boarding-house  called  the  Devcreux  Mansion,  ami 
the  shore  is  lined  with  the  dainty  villas  of  city  merchants  and  tliesnu!;] 
cabins  of  up-country  farmers.     As  the  train  advances  the  spires  of  Mar- 
blehead appear  in  front,  and  the  terminal  station  is  soon  readied. 

Marblehead  (two  small  inns)  now  has  7,677  inhabitants  (see  pn<re2oo\| 
8  churches,  a  paper,  a  high-school,  2  banks,  and  a  vahiatinn  of  overj 
$4,000,000.  It  has  about  25  vessels,  with  a  snug  little  harbor  sheltered  hvi 
the  Marblehead  Great  Neck.  In  May,  1876,  a  handsome  granite  momimpiitl 
(near  the  station)  was  dedicated  to  the  memory  of  Capt.  Mngfoal,  of  tlii< 
port,  who,  in  1776,  captured  a  British  ship  off  Boston  Harbor,  laden  with 
1,500  barrels  of  powder,  1,000  carbines,  and  other  military  stores.  He  J 
sent  her  in  to  Washington's  ill-provided  army,  and  was  killed  tliesniDej 
day,  while  repelling  a  British  attack  on  his  vessel.  From  the  old  ruiiicdj 
fort  on  a  headland  S.  of  the  town  a  pleasant  view  is  afforded,  incltnlin?! 
the  harbor,  the  Neck,  Lowell  and  Baker's  Islands,  the  S.  shore  of  Cupel 
Ann,  .the  graceful  curve  of  Marblehead  Beach,  and  the  Swampscntt  sliore.j 
Fort  Svwall  is  on  a  point  to  the  N.  E,,  over  Little  Harbor,  The  hiH^j 
character  of  the  streets  and  the  evident  antiquity  of  the  houses  give  an  ii>| 


WINTIIUOP 


UouteiiS.      40  U 


* . 


ad  marine  views,  iii- 

and  the  Hluc  Hillxif 

Whale,  sluirt  strips 

0  the  E.,  and  is  1  M. 
i  of  Phillips  I'diiit  on 

1  inhal)itanr>^,  witli  4 
I  the  fisheries.  Most 
;  point. 

iit  beach,  tlmnali  well 
ine  views  of  the  m!i«- 

of  villas.      On  tliol. 
ir  the   Addison-Cliild 
over  the  sea,  are  the 
ramer-hotels  (S12-20 
ommended  by  Liom. 
wh'te  ledges  of  P;im| 
'hillips  Point  ontlior. 
are  gained  as  the  tr:iin| 
se,  an  old  hctel  wliioh 
id.     It  is  near  the  sen; 
Devertitx  station  isj 
ipvcrenx  ^lansinn,  iind 
rchants  and  thesmi?] 
■es  the  ppivcs  of  Mar- 
snon  readied. 
Ibitants  (soepnj:e255!, 
a  valuation  of  over  I 
le  harbor  shelteved  hy 
ime  pranito  moinimoiit 
papt.  Mugfoal,  of  tliiM 
on  Harbor,  hulen  with 
military  stores.    He| 
was  killed  tlie  smw 
From  the  old  ruined 
is  afforded,  including 
the  S.  shore  of  Cope 
ic  Swanipscott  sliore, 
Harbor.     Tlie  ^M 
the  houses  give  an  in- 


teresting appearance  to  tlie  town  On  the  Conunon  is  the  brick-and- 
browiistone  building  of  Abbott  Hall,  with  a  great  library  an(i  a  tower 
vhicli  may  be  seen  for  many  miles. 

Marblehead  Neck  is  a  hilly  peninsula,  1^  M.  long,  between  the  harboi- 
and  tiie  ocean,  and  has  numerous  sununer-villas  and  the  headquarters  of 
tiie  Etistern  Yacht  Club.  It  is  reached  over  the  low  isthmus  of  J/^ri/e- 
kad  Beach  (%  M.  long).  At  its  N.  end  is  the  lighthouse,  1^  M.  from 
Lowell  Island;  and  Tinker's  Island  lifts  its  white  rocks  on  the  S.  Just 
S.  of  Nashua  Village  are  the  remains  of  an  aift-ient  Indian  cemetery. 
Tilt  Nantpashemet,  a  magnificent  new  summer-hotel,  overlooks  the  sea 
and  Tinker's  Island.  A  steamboat  plies  between  Marblehead  and  the 
Neck. 

63.    Boston  to  Revere  Beach  and  Lynn. 

The  new  narrow-gauge  railroad  on  this  rou,te  has  met  with  a  great  measure  of 
;  lucoess,  luid  i.s  convenient  for  excursions  to  the  adjiict-nt  sea-shore.    It  has  light 
frillies  and  long  curves ;  and  is  equii){)ed  with  Fairlee  locomotives  and  neat  little 
I  tars,  some  of  which  are  open  at  the  sides.    Boston  to  Lynn,  34  minutes. 

Stations.  —  Boston  ;  E.  Boston  ;  \Vood  Island ;  Harbor  View  ;  Winthrop  June 
I  tioii ;  Ueacbmout ;  Crescent  Beach ;  Atlantic  ;  Oak  Island ;  Point  of  Piues ;  W.  Lyuu ; 
Lynn, 

Horse-cars  run  from  'Fremont  and  Washington  Sts.  to  the  station  on 

I  Atlantic  Ave.,  Boston,  whence  a  ferry-boat  crosses  to  the  Island  Ward  of 

E,  Boston,  where  much  of  the  1.  iavier  shipping  of  the  port  is  moored.     On 

tk  r.,  during  this  transit,  are  S.  Boston,  Fort  Independence,  and  Fort 

Uintlirop  (on  the  nearest  higli  green  island).     Passing  the  great  elevators 

inL  Boston,  the  boat  enters  the  slip,  and  pas,sengers  take  the  waiting  train, 

|rtieli  soon  runs  through  a  tunnel  474  ft.  long,  after  which  it  traverses 

ionff  sea-wall,  and  crosses  the  basin  on  a  pile-bridge,  2,005  ft.  long. 

E, Boston  is  seen  on  the  1.,  with  its  many  spires,  and  the  train  runs  al(in> 

p'eod  Island,  over  the  flats,  and  reaches  Breed's  Island  by  a  pile-bridge. 

iFrom  Winthrop  Junction  a  branch  line  diverges  to  Ocean  Spray  {Th6 

mirky.  Ocean  Spray;  etc.),  a  pretty  beach-colony;  Great  Head  (St.- 

mmrd's  flotcl);  and  Point  Shirley,  for  nov:  nearly  forty  years  the  seat 

I'fTafi's  Hotel,  famous  for  rich  game  dinners.    All  tiiese  stations  are  in  the 

Ipitturesque  peninsular  town  of  Wintiirop,  between  Boston  Harbor  and  the 

pa,  with  its  shores  and  bold  headlands  lined  with  summer-cottages.     It  is 

I'ithin  easy  drive  of  Boston,  and  has  the  ancient  Deane-Winthrop  house 

Hid  other  curiosities. 
Beyond  Beachmont  the  line  reaches  the  crest  of  the  beach,  which  is  fol- 

*'Wed  for  several  miles.   This  beach  is  of  sand,  sloping  very  gradually,  free 

pm  undertow,  and  with  a  light  surf,  being  partly  embayed  by  Nahant 

1  Winthrop.  ItismucUvisitedbythe  working-people  of  Boston,  especially 


i  f 


'M 


1111 


410    Route  61 


REVERE  BEACH. 


- 

i 
1.        i     _ 

- 

ill 

,,.}* 

ll 

u 

nll^Ulvv* 

on  Sundays,  nnd  all  the  hotels  (save  one)  are  devoted  entirely  to  transient 
business  and  the  furnishing  of  meals.  The  level  strand  also  makes  jinj 
Hflmirable  drive-way,  at  low  tide,  and  is  much  used  for  that  purixiso.  Thel 
train  stops  first  at  the  Pavilion,  in  the  quadrangle  of  the  new  suninirr-l 
hotel.  This  hands.nie  edifice  opens  about  July  1,  and  will  take  ponim- 
nent  boarders.  It  is  adorned  with  four  towers,  and  is  built  arouiul  ti  ol 
four  sides  of  a  hollow  square. 

The  next  stopping-place  is  at  the  Atlantic  and  Robinson-Crnsoo  IInii«p, 
where  the  horse-cars  fr©m  Chelsea  reach  the  shore.     These  hot^'ls  and  tl.ol 
Revere  House  (farther  up  the  strand)  furnish  fish  dinners,  ciiowdors,  aiutj 
other  refreshments,  to  people  visiting  the  beach.     As  the  train  inlvanco*  I 
fine  views  are  given  over  the  sea,  including  Nahant  and  the  blull' Wintlirop 
Head;  while  to  the  I.,  across  the  marshes  on  which  the  Eastern  K.  IJ.  ruii«.i 
is  the  lofty  Soldiers'  Home  (on  Chelsea  Highlands),  which  overlooks 
vast  expanse  of  sea. 

Where  IMne  Point  trends  to  the  N.  E.  the  line  leaves  the  beach,  and  mmhi 
stops  wax  the  Point  of  Pines,  where  there  is  au  immen.^e  and  oiiKiia 
summer-hotel,  looking  out  on  Lynn  outer  harbor.  The  line  now  cm-i'^j 
the  Saugus  Kiver,  near  its  mouth,  on  a  bridge  1,344  ft.  long,  runs  tlir  ii; 
the  skirt  of  Lynn,  and  soon  reaches  the  terminal  station  on  the  main  siicid 
of  the  citv. 

Lynn,  see  page  2:>0. 

64  Boston  to  Acton  and  Nashua. 

By  the  Fitchburg  R   R   and  the  Nashua,  Acton  &.  Boston  R.  R,inlj-2hr 
Fare,  fl.3o.  „^  ,  „„, 

Stations*  —  Boston  to  Concord  Junction,  22  M. ;  Acton,  24;  N.  Arton,  .n^" 
E.  Littleton,  30.^;  Westford,  32;  Graniteville,  33;  E.  Groton,  37;  Dunstable,  4l^ 
Nashua  (Main  Street),  45i  ;  Northern  Depot,  46.J. 

The  train  leaves  the  Fitchburg  station  in  Boston  ard  runs  for  22  M.  ovd 
Route  25  (pages  175-176).    At  Concord  Junction  (W.  Coneonl)  tl( 
Nashua,  Acton,  &  Boston  K.  R  diverges  to  the  N.  W.     W.  Concord  li^ 
small  factories  for  making  flannel  and  pails.     kcXon  {Monuiwnt  Ih'vs^ 
a  comfortable  old  hotel,  fronting  on  the  Common)  is  the  chief  villagLMiij 
rural  town  of  1,708  inhabitants,  and  is  pleasantly  situated  on  hi,uh  gruiuK 
The  streets  and  Common  are  quiet  and  well-shaded,  and  there  is  a  <  "i 
gregational  church.     A  tall  shaft  of  granite  masonry  has  been  erected 
the  Common,  in  memory  of  the  captain  of  the  Acton  minute-men,  who  wj 
killed  at  the  Concord  fight.     S.  Aclon  (American  House)  is  a  busy  aij 
prosperous  manufacturing  village  of  50C  inhabitants,  2  M.  S.  ^V.ou  tj 
Fitchburg  R.  R. 

N.  Acton  is  near  the  pretty  Nagog  Pond,  and  the  line  thence  asceiii 
the  Nashoba  valley  by  the  Nashoba  Hill  (on  the  1.)  to  E.  Littletoiu  mj 
quiet  old  farming  and  dairy  town  of  950  iidiabitauts,  with  3  ciuuxlics  .ij 


s  the  train  ailviiiict 


ston  R.  R.,inU  2hn 


minute-men, 


WESTFORD. 


Route  65.     411 


several  picturesque  ponds,  abounding  in  perch  and  pickerel.  It  occupies 
the  site  of  the  Indian  village  of  Nashobn,  where  a  Christian  church  was 
formoil  by  the  Apostle  Kliot,  Ahatawana  being  the  local  chieftain.  "The 
shooting  of  NasiioI)a  Hill"  is  a  singular  rumbling  sound  which  often 
issues  from  that  eminence. 

For(ie  VlUnrje  has  a  large  nail-factor}'. 

Westford  Centre  is  1^-2  ]M.  E.,  and  is  a  handsome  village  with  a 
lilrary,  academy,  and  2  churclies,  on  a  high  ridge  which  commands  views 
i,i'  Mt-*.  Wachusett  and  Monadnock,  the  White  Mts.,  and  a  vast  area  of 
till!  iiill-towns.  The  town  has  1,933  inhabitants,  and  sent  135  soldiers  into 
till'  Secession  War.  It  was  tlie  birthplace  of  Bishop  T.  C.  Brownell  and 
Willard  Hall.  The  train  now  crosses  the  Stony-Brook  R.  R.,  and  at 
Gnnntenlle  passes  large  quarries  of  the  so-called  Clielmeford  granite. 
Tiiiversing  the  E.  part  of  Groton.  Bear  Hill  ami  Horse  Hill  are  seen,  with 
tiie  tirnly  settled  region  around  them.  Dinutahle  is  at  the  centre  of  an 
iiiicient  and  decadent  farming  town  of  452  inhabitants,  and  has  2  small 
flmnhes  and  90  farms.  It  was  settled  in  1673,  and  was  the  centre  of  sev- 
eral hold  campaigns  against  tlie  heathen. 

Snon  after  passing  Flat-Rock  Hill  (on  the  l.)the  train  enters  the  State 
of  New  Hampshire,  and  reaches  Nashua  (see  page  191). 


65.  Boston  and  Worcester  to  Mt.  Wachusett  and 

Monadnock. 


Mt. 


By  the  Boston,  Barre  &  Gardner  and  Monadnock  R.  R.,  which  was  constructed  in 
18*19-74.    Boston  to  Mt.  Wachusett,  60  M.  ;  to  Mt.  Monadnock,  95  M. 

Stations.  —  Worcester  to  Lincoln  Square,  1  M  ;  Barber's  Crossing,  3 ;  N. 
IVorcester,  4i ;  Chaffln's,  6;  Holdeii,  8  ;  .lefFerson's,  9.V :  North  Woods,  11;  Brook, 
13;  Piinceton,  16;  Ilubbardston,  20;  Waiters,  23;  Gardner,  26;  Hey  wood's,  27  ; 
Winchendon,  36  ;  Rindge,  42;  Jalfrey,46;  Peterborough,  53. 

After  passing  out  from  the  streets  of  Worcester,  and  beyond  Lincoln 

f'qimre,  the  Worcester  &  Nashua  11.  R.  is  seen  diverging  to  the  r.,  and  the 

train  then  runs  along  the  shore  of  North  Pond,  near  the  modern  villas  anil 

oountry-seats  of  N.  Worcester.     Winter  Hill  appears  on  the  1.,  over  tlie 

pMd,  and  glimpses  are  gained  of  the  more  distant  Asnebumskit   Hill 

1,407  ft.  high).     Beyond  the  hamlet  of  ChafRnville  the  train  reaches 

Mkn  Centre  (Eagleville  Hotel),  the  chief  place  in  a  hilly  farming  and 

I  iiianufucturing  town  of  2,180  inhabitants,   with  7  villages.     1  M.  N.  of 

j  Holdeii  Centre  is  the  proposed  crossing  of  the  Mass.  Central  R.  R. 

Paxton  (Sumn  it  House)  is  a  rural  town  S.  W.  of  Holden,  among  picturesque 
INlilaihl^,  with  a  soldiers'  monument  (to  21  dead).     Stages    leave    Jefferson's    on 

'M'lrriviil  of  the  late  afternoon  train,  for  Rutland  (4  M.  N.  W.),  Coldbrook  Springs, 
I  JaI ".*'"'"•    i^iitland  {  Muschopauge Hjust')[niBa.rkhfnrn\'mg  and  dairy  town  of 

'■W  inhabitants,  with  3  villages,  and  several  ponds.  This  was  the  Indian  domain 
r'iVaVKrt^.  and  was  often  attacked  by  the  snvMges.     Gen.  Burgoyne's  captive  Brit- 

''i  Winy  w;iR  quartered  here  for  some  tinii',  on  Barrack  Hill.  Colrlbruuk 
''^Prings  is  u  suuuiier-frequented  spa ;  and  Barre  i.-*  on  the  Ware-River  R  R. 


I 


!  1    l\ 

.*    !     I 


}     »; 


1    f 


412    Route  65. 


MOUNT  WACHUSETT. 


,  ; 


I  i,  i     Si-  .    '■ 


f  -  i     . 


11-.: 


' '  (', 

*•-  . 

'  '. 

1  !      ',  ■ 

•'• , 

.        v 

ill 


The  train  runs  N.  from  HoUlen  by  several  small  stations,  to  Princeton 
near  which  is  Whittaker's  summer-hotel,  in  a  hi<:;h  and  far-viewinf;  \iw:\. 
tion.  Stages  run  from  the  trains  2  M.  E.  to  Princeton  Centre  {*  Wach. 
sett  House,  spacious  and  comfortable,  with  billiards,  bowling,  livcry-stalilc. 
etc.;  Prospect  House;  and  several  boarding-houses).  This  is  a  jiIcms. 
ant  village  on  a  high  plateau,  surrounded  by  a  lake-strewn  lii^iiiiiind 
region  through  which  good  roads  pass  in  every  direction.  Tlic  town  wn^ 
founded  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century;  was  named  in  liom^r  of  tie 
Rev.  Thoniiis  Prince,  the  historian;  sent  80  soldiers  to  the  Civil  W;>r;  ninl 
was  the  bTtliplace  of  Leonard  Woods,  D.  I).,  the  theologian.  2.',  .M.  .\ 
is  the  Mountain  House  (Mt.  Wachusett  Post-oflice),  on  the  S.  K.  slope  of  Mt, 
Wachusett,  1,200  ft.  above  the  sea.  It  has  a  large  farm,  livery-stalile. 
bowling-alley,  etc.;  and  stages  run  to  Princeton  station  twice  daily.  The 
rates  are  $  7  - 10  a  week. 

Mount  Wachusett 
is  2,480  ft.  high,  and  is  pi  .inently  seen  from  vessels  off  the  Maps,  coast. 
It  is  ascended  from  Bolton's,  on  the  N. ;  from  the  Pine-Hill  House,  on  the 
E. ;  and  from  the  Mountain  House.  Tlie  latter  is  the  favorite  path,  avA 
is  1  M.  long,  following  the  line  of  the  old  Coast-Survey  road,  ^  M.  over 
pastures,  and  then  through  a  forest,  with  several  sharp  curves.  On  the 
top  is  the  small  Summit  House,  where  visitors  cp"  pass  the  iii<rht  or  fret 
refreshments.  On  its  roof  is  an  observatory,  provided  with  a  telescope 
and  field-glasses.  Little  Wachusett  flanks  tJie  mountain  on  the  S.  A 
capital  carriage-road  leads  to  the  summit  of  Wachusett. 

**  The  View.     It  Is  claimed  that  300  villages  and  parts  of  6  States  are  soon  from  j 
this  suiuniit     The  section  towards  the  coast  is  be.st  seen  in  the  latter  part  of  the  ] 
afternoon,  and  in   the  clear  weather  of  .Tune  or  October.     Mt.  IMoiiiHliioik  is 
N.   N.    W  ,  well-defined  and   vast,   over  Westminster  and   MectiiiK-HouM'  I-al;i'. 
Sunapce  Mt    is   beyond    Wonadnock,  on   its  r,  and  the   round  Wataiic  Mt  Ul 
nearer,  with  Temple  Mt.  and  Pack  Monadnock  beyond      Far  away  over  tliise  \i\ 
the  blue  spire  of  Mt.  Kearsarge,  with  the  disk  of  Moosilauke  bark  of  it,  120  M.  N. 
The  twin  Uncanoonucs  are  on  the  r.  of  Pack  Monadnock,  over  which  Mt.  Wiu^liinx- 
ton  and  the  White  Mts  may  be  seen  on  clear  days,  140  M    distant,  wifii  Mt  IW- 
knap  to  the  r.  and  neare?     Fitchburg  and  Lunenburg  are  nearly  N   K  ,  wiii  tliej 
various  hamlets  of  Groton  and  Townsend  ;  and  farther  to  the  r.  are  li(oiniii>tir,| 
Harvard,  and  the  Actons.     Then  come  E.  Princeton,  the  I^ancastcr  villiifiti', '  ™-| 
cord,  Prospei't  Hill  at  Waltham  (S.  of  E.),  S.  Boston,  and  the  Charlcstowii  Niivy-I 
Yard     The  Blue  Hills  of  Milton  are  to  the  r.,  and  a  wide  reach  of  the  oci-mu  opoiul 
beyond,  often  dotted  with  shining  sails.    Next  are  seen  the  white  villace.s  of  t'liiitiuj 
and  Berlin,  Marlboro,  Southboro,  and  Ashland,  the  Boylstons,  hiph-plactil  llopkin-l 
ton,  Shrewsbury,  and  Grafton,  with  many  a  lakelet  glisteninir  between,    ^\orce>t^r■ 
is  plainly  discerned,  E.  of  S.,  with  the' forest-hamlet  of  Hilden  (o  the  r,  c^'fT 
Princeton      Quinnipoxet  Lake  and  Eagleville  are  5  M.  S  ,  with  the  highlainl  vill:ip'2 
of  Connecticut  far  beyond.     Rutland,  Paxton,  Oakham    and  N.  BrooktiiM  "•'^'H 
appear;  and  over  white  Ban-e  is  the  crest  of  Mt.  Tom.     Bejoud  the  ncir  M'«H 
horn  Lake  are  Dana,  Prescott,  and  Ilubbardston ;  and  over  \Vetidell  is  leffv  t"'') J 
lock  (80  M  distant),  beyond  the  Hoosac  range.    Then  come  Templetoii  and  omA 
villages  to  the  N    W.,  with  Mt.  Stratton  and  others  of  the  Green  Mts,  far  levund.    ; 

This  view  is  minutely  aiialyzed  and  described  (13  pages)  in  "  Bullard's  Guide  t(^ 
Mt.  Wachusett,-'  which  every  visitor  should  get. 


*,  M 


MOUNT  MONADNOCK. 


Route  05.     413 


ations,  to  Princdm 
id  fiir-viewiiig  \w.\. 
a  Centre  (*  \V(ichi~ 
)\vling,  Uvcry-sliililc, 
This   is   !i   iile;i>- 
ike-strewn  lii;.'lil:iiiil 
ion.     Tlie  town  was 
lined  in  lidiinr  of  tl.e 
)  the  Civil  Wiw;  ainl 
leologiiin.    '2.J,  M.  N 
theS.E.  slope  of  Mt. 
!  farm,  livoi\\-st!ib!e, 
on  twice  diiilv.    Tlie 


5  off  the  Mass,  const, 
lie-Hill  Hoiif^c,  on  the 
[je  favorite  path,  and 
rvey  road,  J  M.  over 
larp  curves.  On  tlie 
pass  the  iiight  or  get 
ded  with  a  telescope 
iintain  on  the  S.  A 
ett. 


Beyond  PrincHon  the  train  runs  N.  W.,  with  views  of  Wachusett  on  the 
r,,  soon  passing  the  picnic-station  near  Moosohorn  Lake.  Hubbardstoil 
[Crystal  House;  and  several  summer  boardin<:!;-liouse8)  is  h  M.  S.  W.  of  its 
station,  and  is  in  a  prosperous  and  picturesque  farming  town  of  1,440 
iiilmbitants,  with  3  churches  and  a  library.  At  Gardner  (two  hotels) 
the  Hoosac-Tuniiel  Line  is  cro.ssed  (see  Route  25).  The  town  of  Gard- 
ner has  3,730  inhabitants,  with  4  churches,  a  paper,  a  bank,  valuable 
forests,  and  rich  farms.  It  makes  more  chairs  than  any  other  place  in 
the  world,  employinor  2,000  workmen  in  this  industry. 

The  line  next  runs  alonp;  the  K.  shore  of  the  beautiful  Crystal  Lake, 
iiiul  runs  N.  N.  \V.  through  a  thinly  settled  country,  with  views  of  Mt. 
Wiitiitic  on  the  r.  At  Wiuchendon  (  American  House)  it  tneets  the 
Cheshire  R.  R.  and  the  Ware-River  R.  R.  This  town  has  3,762  inhabit- 
ant?, with  a  paper,  library,  bank,  6  churches,  and  manufactories  of  pails, 
tulis,  chairs,  shoddy,  and  cotton  goods.  It  contains  several  lakes,  and 
Miller's  River  gives  a  valuable  water-power. 

The  line  now  enters  the  State  of  New  Hampshire,  and  crosses  the  lake- 
BtrewM  town  of  Rindtje,  which  has  1,107  inhabitants  (less  than  it  had  in 
1790).  Rindge  village  (Rindge  House)  is  1^  M.  S.  E.  of  W.  Rindge  station, 
and  manufactures  wooden-ware.  E.  Jaffrey  (Grafiite-Siate  Hotel;  and 
summer  boarding-houses)  is  a  pleasant  village,  with  manufactories  of 
cotton,  knives,  wooden-ware,  and  2  banks  and  3  churches.  Over  800 
summer-tourists  visit  this  town  yearly.  2  M.  N.  W.  is  Jojj'iey  Centre 
(daily  stages),  with  2  inns. 

Konnt  Monadnook, 

or  the  Grand  Monadnock,  is  visited  from  E.  Jaffrey,  whence  the  Mountain 
House  is  5  M.  distant.  The  path  thence  to  the  summit  is  about  1  M. 
lonfr,  leading  through  shady  forests  and  then  out  on  the  rocky  crest.  The 
peak  is  3,186  ft.  high,  and  commands  a  noble  *  view.  The  White  Mts. 
we  seen  in  the  N.  N.  E.,  beyond  the  great  Merrimac  Valley,  with  Mt. 
Washington  highly  pre-eminent.  Farther  to  the  r.,  to  the  1.  of  Crotched 
Vt,,  is  Mt.  Belknap,  near  Lake  Winnepesaukee  ;  Joe-English  Hill  and  the 
I'aeanoonucs  are  E.  N.  E. ;  and  n  the  E.  are  the  New-Ipswich  Mts.  with 
the  Temple  range  and  Pack  Monadnock.  Watatie  is  S  E.,  and  Wachusett 
'*  S.  S.  E.  The  view  then  sweeps  over  the  liill-country  of  Massachusetts, 
I  !)ymany  lakes  and  villages,  and  falls  on  Pocomtuck  Mt.,  in  the  S.  W.  It 
is  also  claimed  that  Greylock  and  Hoosac  Mt.  are  seen,  in  the  W.  S.  W. 
Tothij  W  and  N.  W.  are  manj'^  of  the  Green  Mts.  of  Vermont,  in  broken 
I  wd  picturesque  outlines;  and  towards  the  N.  are  Lovewell's  Mt.,  Suna- 
f*«Mt.,  Kearsarge,  and  Moosilauke.  There  are  many  lakes  and  hamlets 
I  'Visible  in  this  broad  circuit,  giving  a  rare  diversity  and  beauty  to  the 
I  I»nd6cape  (see  also  page»179- 180). 
Peterborouflrh  {Tucker's   Hotel;   and  summer  boarding-houses)  is  a 


;     ! 


l!< 


liliii 


414      Route  06. 


PETKUBUltOUGH. 


prosperous  inaDufac'turii);]^  village,  at  the  continence  of  the  Coiitoocook 
and  Nubaiuisil  llivers,  witli  2, •41)0  inhabitants,  2  banks,  a  paper,  a  librarv 
of  4,000  volumes,  and  5  eiuirclios.  Tiie  manufactures  are  of  cotton,  trusses, 
piano-stools,  thermometers,  paper,  lunibt  r,  etc.  The  streets  are  iiloas- 
antly  shaded  with  trees;  and  the  village  has  a  large  country -trade.  Manv 
summer-visitors  sojonni  here,  attracted  by  the  pleasant  scenery  of  tl,i' 
I'ack  INIonadnock  range,   on  the  E. 

The  I'etirlxYi'o  and  Hillshoro  Ji.  11.  runs  N.  18  M.  across  Antrim  (Cutitr] 
House ;  several  suiuuior  boardiug-houses)  aud  Btnnlnyton.    Uillriboioiigli,  .-ee 
page  196. 

Tlie  Manchester  and  Keene  II.  R.  intHrsects  this  route  at  llnncock  Junrlhm, 
and  is  famous  for  its  maguiiiceut  liill-sceuery.  It  was  opened  in  1880,  fruui  (.iniii- 
field  tc  Keene,  30  M. 

Daily  stages  froui  Pettrboro  to  Dublin  (suiunier  boarding-liouses  of  T.  Mure, 
11.  II.  Leffliigwell,  .1.  Morse^  O.  A.  Govsiiig,  J.  II.  Mason,  S.  Adams,  .Irl,!",!!)  It, 
above  the  sea,  with  300  suumier- visitors,  uear  the  lovelj  Mouaduock  Lake  and  uiuuu- 
taiu,  with  graud  IScottish  sceuery. 


}'' '^f :! 


tVK 


66.    Worcester  to  Portland. 

By  the  Worcester,  Nashua  and  Rochester,  and  Portland  and  Rochester  RMilroadv 
Trains  connect  through.     A  considerable  amount  of  travel  to  the  White  .Mts.  aKa  j 
passes  over  this  route.     Worcester  to  Itochester,  1)5  M.,  fare,  $3.10.    Rochester  tu  | 
Portland,  52  M.,  fare,  $  1.65. 

SlHliu3ii««—  H'orcesier  if  Nashua  R.  R.    Worcester  to  W.  Boy iston,  9  M;  Oiik 
dale,  10;  Sterling  Junction,  12  ;  Clinton,  17;  S.  Lancaster,  18 ;  Lancaster,  19;  .>^till 
River,  23  ;  Harvard,  25  ;  A\er  .Junction,  28  ;  Oroton,  31  ;  Pcpperell,  3(3 ;  lldlli.ij.i;  | 
Nashua,  46.     Nits/ii'a  &  Rnrluster  R.   R.      Hudson,  49;  W.  Windham.  M  :  Wiii.l- 
ham, 67;  Hampstead,  63;  Sandown,  65;  Fremont,  70;  Epping,  74  ;  I^cc.  SO:  \m- 
rington,  88  ;  Gonic,  93;  Rochester,  (i5.     Potllnnd  if  Ixor/usffr  R.  R.     E.  Hwliostor,! 
98;  E.  Lebanon,  104;  Springvale,  HI;   Alfred,  115;   S.    Waterboro,  llH;  (Vntio] 
Waterboro,  122i  ;  Hollis  Centre,  126^  ;  Saco  River,  129  ;  Buxton  Centre,  132:  Cor- 
ham,  137;  Saccarappa,  141 ;  Cumberland  Mills,  142;  Westbrook,  144i ;  WoodldrJ'sl 
Corner,  145^ ;  Portland,  147.  "  I 

For  a  description  of  the  line  between  Norwich,  Worcester,  and  Naslinn, 
.•^ee  pages  104-106.     For  the  route  between  Rochester  and  Portland,  .'cu I 
page  21.3. 

The  train  crosses  the  Merrimac  River  at  Nashua,  and  runs  N.  W.  acic-sj 
Hudson,  a  large  farming  town  with  1,066  inhabitants  and  3  churclies,  Itj 
then  croosos  the  level  lands  of  Windham,  an  ancient  Presbyterian  to«ii[ 
which  was  originally  settled  by  the  Scotch-Irish  from  Londonderry.  Tlie| 
hamlet  of  W.  Windham  is  ^  M.  S.  E,  of  its  station ;  and  venerable  old  Lon- 
donderry is  a  little  way  to  the  N.  At  Windham  the  present  route  meets  tliej 
Manchester  &  Lawrence  R.  R.  (see  page  279).  Crossing  Derrv,  the  tiaiul 
reaches  ^am/jsiead,  a  thinly-settied  town  devoted  to  ftu-ming.  luniberii!:,| 
and  shoe-making.  It  was  settled  in  1728.  Stages  run  3  M.  S.  K.  I'V  \V, 
Hiimpstead  to  Hampstead,  and  thence  6  M.  by  Atkinson  to  Atkii:-o!ij 
Depot,  on  the  Boston  &  Maine  R.  R.  Picturesque  Chester  is  a  lew  Dii-MJ 
N.  W. 

Station,  Sandown,  in   a  thinly-settled   and  unffiteresting  town,  Avlitiaaj 
daily  stages  run  to  Danville  and  E.  Ilnmpstead.     Next  comes  the  kveij 


NASHUA   TO   GllEENFlELD.         Jtuule  G7.     415 


tuwri  of  Fremont  (827  inhnbitnnts),  on  the  Sqnninscot  River.  Tri-weekly 
stiifTcs  run  oh  M.  E.  to  Brentwood,  a  decadent  rural  town,  and  tlienco  5^ 
M.  K.  to  Exetor.  At  Eppinij  the  train  ttrosses  the  Portsmouth  H.  R.,  and  tlieu 
follows  the  Lamprey  River  thruu>!;h  N.  Epping  into  Lee  (770  inhabitants). 
The  h:imlet  of  VVadleif^h's  Falls,  \\  M.  S.  E.  of  the  station,  was  founded  in 
1657;  and  near  Wheelwright's  Fond,  in  the  N.  part  of  the  town,  two  coin- 
piiiiii's  of  rangers  under  Cnpts.  Floyd  and  Wiswell  were  disastrously  do- 
leatctl  by  the  Indians,  in  1690.  Stages  run  4  M.  N.  W.  to  Nottimjhnm 
SqiKwe  (Rockingham  House),  a  pleasant  old  village  on  a  high  and  pleasant- 
viewing  hill.  A  short  distance  S.  W.  is  the  picturesque  and  island-studded 
Pawtuckaway  Pond,  covering  4J  square  miles.  The  triple-headed  Paw- 
tuckiiway  Mt.  is  albo  in  this  town  ;  and  Saddleback  Mt.  is  to  the  W.  in 
N'orthwood. 

The  train  runs  rapidly  across  the  pond-strewn  town  of  Durrington  to 
G'onic,  a  pleasant  village  devoted  to  the  manufacture  of  woollen  cloths. 
The  next  station  is  Rochester  (see  page  213). 


■  i; 


67.  Nashua  to  Greenfield. 

By  the  Wilton  Branch  R.  II.,  whi /h  has  recently  been  prolonged  11  M.,by  Lynde- 
boroiish  to  Oreenfleld. 

Stations. —  Nashua  to  S.  Merriinac,  7  M. ;  Auiherst,  11;  Milford,15;  Wilton, 
18;  Lyndeborough,  21;  Greenfield,  26. 

Nashua  to  Wilton,  see  page  192.  Wilton  has  about  1,200  inhabitants, 
a  savings-bank,  library,  3  churches,  and  several  summer  boarding-houses. 
It  miiuufactures  carpet-vnrn,  carpets,  furniture,  boots,  and  leather.  Daily 
stages  run  8  M.  N.  W.  to  Lyndeborough  ;  also  to  W.  Wilton.  Tri-weekly 
stages  run  7  M.  up  the  Souhegan  Valley  to  Greenville  (Columbian  House; 
.^eealso  page  176),  a  pleasant  villiige  with  cotton  and  furniture  rniuiufacto- 
ries.  Semi-daily  stages  pass  thence  3  ^^  S.  W.  to  New  Ipswich  (  CtnrFs 
Huttl;  Aj)j)leton  Jlouse)^  a  quiet  summer-resort  among  high  hills,  contain- 
ing iilso  the  ancient  Appleton  Academy,  a  library,  savings-bank,  3 
dmrclips,  and  small  factories.  It  was  settled  in  1749,  under  the  name  of 
Ipstcich- Canada ;  and  lost  26  men  in  the  Civil  War,  Temple  (Central 
Ilimse)  is  7  M.  from  Wilton,  and  contains  the  rugged  and  far-viewing  Tem- 
|)ie  Mts. 

Beyond  Wiltoa  the  train  reaches  S.  Lyndeboi'ouijh,  where  glassware  is 
made  from  quartz  rock.  To  the  N.  is  Lyndeboro  a  summer-haunt  for  city- 
people,  near  Centre  Mt.  From  Greenfield  station  daily  stages  run  S.  W. 
^'^  Ptierboroitgh,  7  M.;  Ilarrisville,  15;  Ndson,  19;  and  Muiisonville,  22. 
Also  W.  6  M.  to  Hancock  (Jelferson  House),  in  a  rugged  farming  town, 
stiuUled  with  ponds;  13  ^I.  to  S.  Stoddard  (Wceks'si  Hotel);  19  ^^  to  Stod- 
<^i('(/ (Central  House),  in  a  hilly  farming  region;  25  ^I.  to  Marlow  (Forest 
House),  a  rural  village  on  the  Ashuelot  River;  and  35  M.  to  Ahte-id  (Hum- 
plirey  House),  near  Bellows  Falls.    Stages  connect  at  Marlow  for  agricul- 


?  1 


•J  1  < 


i 


1:1''' 


l..l 

f 

• 

\ 

:    , 

i 

>'\J.   ■'- 

"i' 

] 

f' " 

■  -  r 

;: 

iiili 


41 G    Route  08.     MANCHESTER  TO  NORTH   WEARE. 

tural  Ltmpster  ([  ^rest  House),  10-12  M.  N.;  also  for  Gllsum  (7  M.  S.  W.) 
and  Surrey  (Carpenter  Hntise),  a  rii-li  old  f«rmin<T  town.  Djiily  sttifros  iili-o 
run  N.  VV.  from  Greenfield  to  /^(«/</»///</n  (W!isliin<^ton  House),  4  M.  dis- 
taut,  AvitJi  cutlery  and  paper  riictorics;  yl H<rm  (Apfdeton  Hou-c),  <;  M,, 
manufacturing  sewing-silk  and  sccd-sowors;  iV.  Jirnnch,  h)  M. ;  Ililk. 
boroii(/h  (St.  Charles  Hotel),  13.V  M.;  iV.  Dtering,  11  M.;  and  IliJh. 
borouijh  lirulf/e  (Valley  House),  an  active  village  on  the  Contoocnok  Itivrr, 
with  a  bank,  a  paper,  2  churclies,  and  manufactures  to  the  cxtciit  if 
$350,000  a  year  (see  also  page  418).  Stages  run  daily  thence  I'l'j  M.  W. 
to  \V(ishin(/ton  (hovel  House),  under  Lovcwell's  Mt.  Daily  stages  nm 
from  Greenfield  4J  M.  N.  E.  to  Frmicestown  (Krancestown  Hotel),  a  [ir'us- 
ant  village  with  broad  and  well-shaded  streets,  a  bank,  academy,  library, 
and  church.    It  is  near  the  dark  heights  of  Crotched  Mt. 

68.  Manchester  to  North  Weare. 

By  the  Manchester  &  N.  Weare  R.  R.,  in  1  hr.     Fare,  60  c. 
Stations. — Mimchester  to  Bedford,!  M. ;  OolTstown  Centre,  6  ;  QoffstowHiO; 
Parker's,  10  ;  Oil  Mills,  11 ;  Raymond's,  15  ;  E.  Weare,  16  ;  N.  Weare,  19. 

The  train  crosses  the  Merrimac  River,  giving  a  fine  view  of  the  city  of 
Manchester  and  its  great  factories.  Bedford  was  one  of  the  towns  granted 
to  and  settled  by  the  veterans  of  the  Narragansett  wars,  and  now  supplies 
Manchester  with  milk  and  vegetables.  Frequent  views  of  the  sinirnlar 
Uncanoonuc  Mts.  are  given  as  the  train  advances.  Goifstown  (A'tu- 
Ilampshire  Central  Hotel)  is  a  wealthy  farming  town  of  1,656  inhabitant?,  j 
in  whose  S.  W.  part  are  the  remarkable  hills  called  the  Uncanoonucs 
from  whose  crests  the  White  Mts.  are  visible,  with  a  wide  sweep  of  tlie 
Merrimac  Valley. 

Daily  stages  run  5  M.  S.  W.  from  Parker's  station  to  Neto  Boston^ 
(Columbian  Hotel),  a  beautiful  hamlet  in  a  rural  town  of  1,241  inhnbitaiits 
Near  the  village  is  the  bold  Joe-EngHsh  Hill,  572  ft.  high,  one  of  \v!in«ej 
sides  is  formed  by  a  rocky  cliff.  The  summer-frequented  towns  of  Mt.j 
Vernon  and  Lyndeborough  are  on  the  S.  Stages  also  run  on  Mdndiiy,! 
Wednesday,  and  Friday  to  Francestown.  From  Oil  Mills  stages  run  toj 
S.  Weare  (Dearborn  House)  and  Deering  Centre.  The  terminus  is  at| 
N.  Weare  {Collins  House).  Weare  has  1,800  inhabitants,  with  3  viilagej, 
5  churches,  and  a  public  library.  It  has  many  valuable  farms,  producing! 
hay,  wheat,  and  apples ;  and  manufactories  of  woollen  goods,  boots  audi 
shoes,  etc.  The  scenery  is  pleasant,  and  attracts  about  200  summer-visitoral 
annually.  Daily  stages  run  W.  to  Henniker.  A  large  sumnier-busine.-sj 
is  done  along  this  line,  and  the  Scribner-Hill  and  Shirley-Hill  Houses,  ueaij 
Goflstown,  are  favorite  resorts.  Shirley  Hill  overlooks  Manchester  and 
the  valley.  The  Devil's  Pulpit  is  a  ver^'  interesting  locality  in  Bedfordj 
The  Yacum-Spring  Hotel  ($7 -10  a  week)  is  at  Goffstown  Centre,  mtir 
mineral  spring  for  dyspepsia  and  liver  and  kidney  troubles),  boatiiii'l 
fibbing,  and  drives  through  picturesque  scenery. 


HE. 

Daily  stuiics  i\l>o 
lon?e),  4  M.  •li''- 
on  Hou-t'). ''  ^'•' 
a,  10  M.;  /""•'- 

Jil.;     Uiul    //'"«- 

:ontoo(.'ook  I'.ivor, 

to  the  I'Xlt-nt  ^f 

thence  Vii  M-  ^V• 

Daily  stn.uL's  luu 
vn  Hotel),  u  i''*-"'"'- 
,  academy,  library, 

are. 

ntrc,6;  Goffstovvn.O; 
N.  AVeure,  W. 
,  viewoftlie  city  of 
of  the  towns  prunted 
,V5,  tvnd  now  ?ui'pli« 
iews  of  the  .ii.s-ular 
Goffstown  (^i^'f- 
of  1,656  inhiibitants 

I  the  TIncanoonucs, 
a  wide  sweep  of  the  | 

ation  to  Ne^c  Bom 

.1  of  1,241  in^w^'*'"^^" 
[t.  high,  one  of. ^.0- 

luented  towns  ot  W- 
[also  run  on  M>"HV.>y. 

II  Mills  stapes  run  to 
The  terminus  is  « 

tants,  vith  3  vilbire., 

lable  farms,  producing 
lien  goods,  boots  and 
Vt  200  summer-visiton 
Lge  gummer-busiue^] 
lley-Hill  Houses,  nw^ 
looks  Manchester  an  _ 
L  locality  in  Bedford 
tffstown  Centre,  ^v>li 
.V  troubles),  boalin^l 


PITTSFIELD,   N.    U. 


Route  70. 


69.  The  Suncook  Valley. 

Pv  the  Suncook-VRllej-  R.  H.,  In  U  hr. 

StiitiiniH  —  Hooksett  to   Huncook,  2.V  M. ;  Allpnstown,  7;  Short   Falls,  lOJ ; 
Epsnm,  I'iJ  ;  Chiclifstor,  15  ;  Webster's  Mills,  17  ;  IMttslield,  I'J.}. 

Tlio  train  leaves  the  main  line  of  the  Mjiiichester  &  Concord  U.  R.  jit 
Hoolisett  and  crosses  the  Mi'rrinnic  Hivor.  Suncook  {Opei-n  House) 
is  ii  prosperous  UKUnifacturiiig  viliii<i(f  neiir  the  coiilluence  oi' 
the  Suncook  and  Merriniao  Rivers,  vvitli  c(tttoti-inilis  eniployins  1,1<>I) 
li:iii(ls,  and  using  a  capital  of  S  1,700,000.  It  lias  2  churches,  a  savinpH- 
linnU,  and  a  high-school.  To  the  N  ,  on  the  railroad  to  Concord,  is  A  w- 
4/(i/.f,  a  high-placed  and  decadent  liamlet,  with  ii  wide  street  parallel  with 
tl',' river.  Alltnstown  is  a  dull  rural  town  of  1,300  inhabitants,  beyond 
whii'li  the  course  of  the  Suncook  River  is  followed  through  an  uneven 
pmziiig  country.  Epsom  (Suncook-  Valley  flouse)  is  a  farming  town  of  'jno 
inlmbitants,  near  Nottingham  Mt. ;  and  Chichester  (800  iiduibitants)  is 
also  devoted  to  farming.  Fittsfleld  (  Washimjton  Ifoust)  has  about  1,200 
iiili!il)itants,  a  bank,  paper,  academy,  library,  and  4  churches.  It  manu- 
fuctures  boots  and  shoes,  cotton  cloth,  and  boards,  and  is  prolific  in  wheat 
iimlniilk.  To  the  S.  K.  is  the  long  ridge  of  Catamount  Mt.  (1,450  ft. 
iiiuli),  whence  the  ocean  may  be  seen,  together  with  the  gi-eat  mountains 
on  the  N. 

Diily  stages  run  from  Pittsfleld  to  the  h.imleta  of  Barnsteai  (Shackford  Hou.s«),  a 
rich  Hiiricultural  town  on  the  N.  ;  also  to  (fihnanton  Iron-fVorks  (Central  House), 
near  Alton  U.ay  and  IiOUj,'ee's  Pond  ;  and  Gllmanton  Academy  (Waahiiij;ton  House), 
ijilwisint  village  near  tlie  Suncook  Mts.,  with  a  venerable  academy.  Tlie  view 
fmiu  I'caked  Ilill  is  grand;  and  the  I'eaked-Hill  House  is  ^  M.  from  the  viilaRe. 
[Miinv  sinnmer-visitors  sojourn  in  this  town  (which  is  also  reached  from  Tilton 
W  M.)  on  the  B.,  C.  &  M.  R.  R.).  Tri-weekly  stages  also  run  E.  to  Strafford  and 
[Cover;  and  N.  E.  to  Alton. 

Daily  stages  run  6  M.  E.  from  Epsom  to  Northivood  (Hnrvnj  House),  a  pic- 
Iturejque  town,  which  is  much  visited  by  snmnier-tourists.  It  contains  numerous 
jl^nils,  !ind  on  the  S.  is  the  dark  .Saddleback  Mt.  The  main  roid  crosses  Clark's 
Hill,  whence  the  ocean  is  visible,  and  Hrowrrs  Hill  is  another  favorite  view-point. 
lltwvilliigL' is  on  high  ground,  and  has  3  churches,  a  library,  academy,  and  semi- 
|f"y.    In  1873  Northwood  celebrated  the  centennial  of  her  foundation. 

70.  The  Contoocook  VaJey. 

By  the  Concord  &  Claremont  R.  R.  to  Hillsborough  Bridge. 

Oiiicord  to  Contoocook,  see  page  196.     At  this  point  the  valley  line 

diverges  to  the  S.  W.,  and  .soon  reaches  W.  Hopkinton.     To  the  E.  is  the 

wiitiful  village  of  Hopkinton,  in  a  rich  farming  town  of  1,819  inhabit- 

("^  prolific  in  corn,  oats,  potatoes,  and  dairy  products.    It  was  settled  in 

pi,  iiiid  came  near  being  the  capital  of  the  State.     Concord  is  7i  M.  E.; 

'Contoocook  is  3  M.  N.  W.,  with  3  churches,  an  academy,  a  prosper- 

'  antiquarian  society,  and  several  factories.     Putney  Hill  is  1  M.  W. 

'Hopkinton  village,  and  is  crowned  by  an  ancient  cemetery  and  the 

K-of  the  Putney  Fort.    It  is  500  ft.  above  the  town,  and  gives  a  view 

18*  A  A 


I      I 


i 


I 


W 1 1 


418     Houtc7J.    iiiLLsnououoii  immoFi]. 


H 


ii 


fi:' 


li'l' 


r    #1:^ 


of  MtH.  Sunnppp,  iSIonndtKtck,  Konrsnr^^c,  Wliitrfacp,  Choronin,  Pflkiinp, 
etc.  Tlic  Mt..l*u(niy  ffotise  ('5  7-12  a  week)  is  in  lovely  old  llo|ilxiiiii,n, 
3  >r.fn)m  (!()iitfn)ci>(»k  station,  and  7J  M.  from  Concord  (daily  hta^c  at  md- 
afternoon.)     Ilailroad,  see  ])nf;e  IKO. 

Station,  Henmker  {Xoijik  //ousi),  a  neat  and  pleasant  villnpo,  with 
shady  streets,  y  el.tinlies,  uii  academy,  and  a  librnry.  The  fair  rinal 
BC'Piiery  in  the  vicinity  nmkes  this  a  quiet  sutniner-rosort.  Criiiiy  Mill  i< 
to  the  S.,  and  Lonp  I'ond  is  1  M.  frotn  the  village.  Ilenidker  has  tnimy 
profitahle  Ciinns  and  several  factories.  Hillsborough  Bridge  ( \'iilli>i 
JJoHse)  is  a  prosperous  factt  ry-village,  with  2  churches,  a  paper,  :iiiil  ii 
l/anlv,  and  is  surrounded  hy  pleasant  hill-scenery.  Stages  hence  to  K. 
"Wu.shington,  11  M.;  Hillsborough;  and  Washington.  The  raihoiid  run'* 
S.  to  Antrim,  Benninytan,  and  Peterboruur/li,  connecting  at  Hancock 
Junction  for  Keene  and  Nashua. 

At  Illllsborou^h  HriilKP  is  the  mansion  of  Oov.  Pierce,  where  Franklin  Piirro  wni 
born  in  1804.  lie  practised  law  in  Conrord  for  f^oiiie  years,  wiis  IJ.  ?  Sti:iif(  r, 
18S7-42,  and  Uri)j; -(Jen.  in  tlie  Mexican  War.  At  the  Democratic  Coiivciitidn  uf 
]8')2  he  was  noniinatt'd  (on  tlie  40th  ballot)  for  the  rresiileney,  and  dctVateil  (liii 
gcoft,  tlie  Whij;  candidate,  by  2.'i4  electoral  votes  out  of  2iH).  Diiriiig  his  inlininis. 
tration  Arizona  was  annexed,  Kansas  and  Nebraslta  were  oiMoed  to  s  avtrv,  nml  the 
Ostend  >Ianif(!Sto  (to  Spain)  was  issued.  Mr.  I'ierf  e  favoicd  the  pnisliiveiN  jaru, 
and  sympathized  witli  the  Succession ists  in  the  war  of  18lU  -5. 

71.   Portsmouth  to  Dover. 

By  the  Ports'mouth  &  Dover  Rranch  of  the  Enstern  R.  R  .  which  w,i<i  hnilf 
betwen  1872  ami  1S74,  at  a  cost  of  .'g'OO.OOO.  Tiie  line  is  sinnulnr  on  urcminr  nf 
its  numerous  pile-bridges,  on  and  near  the  Piscutaqua  River,  one  of  which  is  l,9t') 
ft.  long. 

In  leaving  PortsiTiouth  the  train  runs  througli  Neicington,  a  small  furm- 
hig  town  of  414  inhabitants,  with  good  sod  near  the  surrounding  watei«. 
This  town  was  formerly  known  as  Hloody  Point,  in  memory  of  a  ilis- 
nstrnus  attack  made  upon  it  (hi  1690)  by  Hopehood  and  his  morclK-s 
Indian  bands.  Newington  station  is  4  M.  from  Portsmouth,  ami  lipyiml 
it  the  train  crosses  the  Plscat.aqtm  River  to  the  Dover-Point  station,  which 
is  near  the  site  of  tlie  earliest  European  settlement  in  New  Ilnmp-liiiv. 
Cushinff's  station  is  n6ar  the  Cush'ng  estate;  and  <S'rt?i'^er'a  is  ne;ir  S;i«-j 
yer's  Mills.  The  train  next  runs  through  a  more  thickly  settled  region,] 
and  soon  reaches  the  terminus  of  the  route. 

Dover,  see  page  281. 

72.   Portsmouth  to  Manchester  and  Concord. 

By  the  Portsmouth  R.  R  ,  in  2J  -  b  hrs.  Fare,  $  1.60.  The  station  in  Port.«irPiiihj 
is  near  that  of  the  Eoi^teru  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Portsmouth  to  Greenland,  4  M.  ;  Brackett's;  Strathnni,  8:  N'H 
market . I  unction,  10;  E.  Epping;  Epping,  18;  W.  Epping :  Raymond,  23;  CanJiaJ 
29;  Auburn,  3.3;  Mussabesic,  3ti ;  Manchester,  41 ;  Ilooksett,  51 ;  Concord,  59.       I 

The  line  soon  crosses  the  Eastern  R.  R,,  and  runs  S.  W.  to  Greenhn<^ 
(Brackett's  Hotel),  a  rich  farming  and  fruit-growing  town,  which  is  im  ^li 
visited  in  summer.  There  are  695  iidmbitants  here,  being  less  tiiiiii  thui 
were  a  century  ago.     The  village  is  f  M.  from  the  station.    The  tniiij 


^ 


SALEM   TO   LAWRENCE. 


iio,it>7.i  no 


npxt  nins  npiir  the  brond  nivl  Innd-Iot^kod  «nlt-wfitor  lake  cnllod  Oreat 
Bay.  iiinl  rro<iS(M  tlio  lovol  mid  fertile  fniit-niNiiij^  town  of  Slrnthom. 
Stiiiilmin  Hill  overlooks  (Jreiit  I5ay  mid  tlit^  ocfMii,  nn<l  viows  tlio  \Vliif« 
Mr-i..  ill  the  N.  Heyoiid  the  Sqininseot  Kiver  the  linn  cro-^HOs  the  llostoii 
&  Miiiie  K.  H.  lit  Newmarket  Junction.  1  M.  S.  Is  5.  Ni'wmnvket 
(Sliiito  Hoiiio),  with  lai'f^e  iron,  tnachino,  and  ontjitin  works;  ami  2  M.  N. 
i^  Niii'mnrlcet  ( Washiiif^ton  llouso\  a  lar;jn  trailing  village,  on  the  I'iscat- 
nqiiii  IJiver,  where  clothing,  eotton  cloth,  and  lioots  and  shoes  are  made. 

"Ep^^ing  (P(twtiickfiw(i!/  ffoiiAe)  Is  a  pleasant  village  in  a  good  farming 
re^ji'iii,  with  small  factories  and  three  churches.  1  .M.  N.  is  the  ancient 
mnin  street,  with  several  antiquated  mansions.  Kpping  has  been  dcclin- 
iii','  ill  population  for  over  a  century.  At  this  point  the  track  is  crossed 
by  the  Nashua  &  Rochester  R.  R.  H'.  A/v"*".7  has  two  small  mills. 
Rnimond  (Ci^ntra]  House;  Kagle)  is  in  a  fanning  town  of  1,121  inliahit- 
iints  and  has  3  c  dies  ami  an  academy.  A  sliort  distance  S.  W.  is 
r/(t,>7(»' (stages  fro  Derry),  a  bright  and  pleasant  village  where  visitors 
from  the  cities  find  summer-rest. 

Station,  Cundin,  whose  vil'age  is  on  a  high  ridgo  whence  may  he  seen 
the  Wliite  Mts.,  Mt.  Waclinsett,  tl  I'lnni-Island  lights  (nt  night),  and  the 
o't'iui.  This  town  was  first  name  '  ('hfirniiiif/  fare,  on  account  of  i^s  pleas- 
ant jiication;  and  its  present  name  was  given  in  honor  of  Gov.  Wentworth, 
who  was  once  In  captivity  on  the  Mediterranean  islanil  of  Candia. 

Scmi-'liily  staffHS  run  N.  to  Deorfielil,  a  Inrge  and  fertile  farminpf  and  orchard 
ti'vii  (if  l,7l)8  inhabitants,  wlioro  nuinurous  citypnoplo  rusticate.  It  wa.s  settlnd  in 
nViiiuul  lost  JS  men  in  tlio  llnvolution  and  48  in  tlie  Rebellion.  There  are  several 
fi.<h  nliouiiding  ,)onils,and  some  picturesque  mountains,  the  chief  of  which  are  I'aw- 
tuiKaway,  Sadi'.leback  Mt.,  and  Kort  .Mt.   Gen.  B.  F  Butler  was  born  here,  In  18ib 

lU'vond  Auburn  station  the  train  passes  the  snmmer-resort  at   Lake 

ihs:i'ihesic  ',«ee  page  193)  and  soon  enters  the  city  of  Manchester.     Frorr» 

tlii>  point  the  train  follows  tlie  Concord  R.  R.  (page  194)  up  the  Merrimao 

Hiver  to  Concord. 

73.  Salem  to  Lawrence. 

By  the  Lawrence  Branch  of  the  Eistcrn  R  R. 

Stations.  —  Salem;  Peabody  ;  D.iKvi'rsjmrt ;  Danvers  ;  Swan'.s  Cro.ssing;  Mid- 
illeton  ;  Boxford ;  Sutton's  Mills  ;  Lawrence. 

On  leaving  Salem  the  train  follows  the  coarse  of  the  North  River  to  Pea- 
body  (Baldwin  Hotel),  a  prosperous  town  of  8,000  inhabitants,  with  2 
banks,  6  churches,  a  paper,  and  the  richly-endowed  Peabody  Institute, 
('ee  page  253).  The  valuation  is  about  S  6,000,000;  and  the  chief  industry 
is  tanning  and  currying  hides,  in  which  400  men  are  employed.  George 
Heabody  was  born  hei'e,  in  1795,  in  a  house  which  is  still  preserved;  and 
the  town  was  named  in  his  honor  in  1868.  The  village  is  pleasant,  and  in 
i's  vicinity  are  several  high  hills  and  small  lakes.  Near  this  station  the 
S'  Keading  and  Salem  &  Lowell  Railroads  divergo  to  the  1. 


i 


I 


r 


p  I 


I 

; 
1 

1 

1           I 

■    1, 

l'       i 

i 

1 

'      } 

.1 

420    Route  74. 


DAN  VERS. 


i     I 


!•     i^ 


;-\ 


i 


I; 


i 


it 


The  Lawrence  line  rtins  N.  over  Crnne  Brook,  to  Dnnversport,  a  coal 
and  lumber  shipping-point  on  Porter's  River.  Danvers  station  is  at  the 
shoe-manufactnring  village  of  Danvers  Plains,  where  the  Newbnryport  R. 
R.  is  cro .  ed.  The  Peabody  Institute  is  in  Peabody  Park,  on  Sylvan  St., 
and  has  a  public  library  and  lecture-hall.  In  this  vicinity  is  the  AValnut- 
Grove  Cemetery,  beyona  which  is  Danvers  Centre,  with  its  carpet-factory. 
Opposite  the  town-hall  is  the  soldiers'  monument.  The  town  contains 
over  6,000  inhabitants,  with  8  churches,  a  paper,  bank,  high-school,  and 
about  150  farms,  famous  for  prolific  apple-orchards.  The  ancient  witch- 
craft delusion  arose  in  this  town  (see  page  254). 

The  new  *>■  Massachusetts  Hospital  for  the  Insane  is  on  a  bold  hill  near 
the  S:ifi^s-Crossing  station,  and  is  reached  by  a  sinuous  and  costly  mac- 
adami>:ed  road  6,000  ft.  long,  with  a  grade  of  3i  ft.  in  100.      It  is  a  con- 
rected  pile  of  ten  immense  brick  buildings,  in  Elizabethan  arcliitpctme,  j 
with  several  towers,  double  walls,  cement  floors,  zinc  roofs,  fan  ventila- 
tion, and  steam  heating-apparatus.     It  is  200  ft.  above  the  adjacent  i.  \vn,  j 
with  abundant  sunlight  and  air,  and  commands  a  superb  view,  inchulinffj 
the  ocean,  the  environs  of  Boston,  and  scores  of  villages  and  cities  witlij 
Wachusett,  Monadnock,  and  other  conspicuous  mountains  in  the  W.  atul 
N.  W.     The  buildings  and  furniture  cost  $1,620,000,  and  are  fitted  for  eoi)J 
patients,  who  are  housed  and  fed  far  more  luxuriously  than  the  iivevage| 
tax  payer  and  citizen. 

The  train  next  crosses  the  Ipswich  River  to  Middleton,  a  small  hnmlcd 
withonf  church,  in  a  farming  town  of  1,092  inhabitants.  The  diversifie(( 
rural  town  of  Boxfonl  lies  to  the  N.  of  the  line,  and  has  634  inhabitants. 
The  train  next  enters  N.  Andover,  passing  the  bold  Woodchuck  Hill  anij 
crossing  the  outlet  of  Great  Pond;  meets  the  Boston  &  Maine  7  R.  at  Sui 
ton's  Mills;  and  crosses  the  Merrimac  River  to  Lawrence. 

Lawrence,  see  page  278. 


74.  Boston  to  Amesbury. 

By  the  Eastern  R.  R.  and  its  Amesbury  Branch.    Loston  to  Newburyport,  37  MJ 
Salisbury,  39 ;  Amesbury,  43. 

Boston  to  Newburyport,  see  pages '248  -  258.  The  Amesbury  trainl 
taken  at  the  Eastern  station,  and  crosses  the  Merrimac  River  on  a  Ki 
bridge,  whence  the  city  and  the  ocean  are  visible  on  the  r.  The  lirst  ftj 
tion  is  near  the  ancient  hamlet  of  E.  Salisbury,  whence  stages  run  toSalij 
bury  Beach  (see  page  260).  The  train  now  diverges  from  the  Eii't 
line,  and  runs  W.,  with  views  of  the  upper  pr.rt  of  Newburypon  on  tlid 
The  Salisbury-Point  station  is  near  the  boat-building  village  of  the  saij 
name,  and  also  near  the  quaint  and  ancient  Rocky-Hill  church. 

Amesbury  (American  House)  is  a  prosperous  manufacturing  village  j 
the  falls  of  the  Powwow  River,  with  large  woollen  and  cotton  mil 
other  industries.     It  has  4  churches,  2  banks,  a  paper,  and  a  hig!i-sc!i(| 


ml  file 
li'is  nb<n\ 
!^'ooat  3,S( 
I't  commj 
j/ps«-ich  h 
piirvport, 
jWiieMerri 
("le  (IiNtant 
[in.iniiriictui 
V»'i  Ikmnly 
'foston  &  ii 

John  Oreer 
fff'lin  Auiesl 
m:  and  he  v 
mt  his  life  w 
PfiiJinirabJe 
pth  and  tht 
Ni.',  .'special 
•>ew  EuglnD 


B-ffton-are-l 
[MaHoiis.  - 
^■.21 ;  Barre 
nisviJJe,43j  U' 


The 


me  run 


mdon  iVorthe 
i^fr  IS  foUowe 
'li'is  and  Iii]i 

'f''e«  Ware 

"""  nnd  wool 

''o'' Colonel's] 

^■^42  iiihabil 

fJejoilofWTarel 

V^'mnted  to 
^'nation  they  u 
Undsaij  of  t\ 
fpoorerheis." 


F  'ine  next  ti 

^  large 

Gilheruml 

'■"fi  N.  to  Hi 

[ffaches  Barrj 

''^'    Tin's  to\l 


PALMER  TO   WINCHENDON.         Route  75.     421 


station  IS  at  the 

Newburyport  R. 
k  on  Sylvan  St,, 
ity  is  the  ^V'Alnut- 
its  carpet-fivclory. 
'he  town  contains 
J,  high-school,  anA 
rue  ancient  witch- 
is  on  a  boW  hill  near 
us  and  costly  mac- 
,  100.      It  is  a  cnn- ! 
jethanarchitoctuve,] 

c  roofr,  fan  vonf.la- 
etheaJjacenti-.^vn,! 
pevb  view,  inchulia? 
Les  and  cltios,  ^v>th 
mtains  m  the  >  •      1 
and  are  fitted  tor  m 
\^\y  than  the  avevng^ 

nefon,  a  smaluH 
xut9.    The  divev^ifie<J 

v,as  834  inhabitaatM 
dWoodchuckHinH 

&  Maine:    R- -t  H 

rence. 


and  tlic  adjacent  farms  are  prolific  in  milk  and  vegetables.     The  town 

|i;is  al)()nt  3,000  inhabitants,  and  trie  adjacent  town  of  Salisbury  has 
i  nbout  3,800.  Powwow  Hill  is  Just  N.  of  the  village,  and  is  323  ft.  high, 
lit  commands  a    famous    *  view,  including    the  ocean,  Cape  Ann,  the 

Ipswich  hills,  the  long  strip  of  Plum  Island,  the  picturesque  city  of  New- 
Ibtirypnrt,  the  Isles  of  Shoals,  Mt.  Agamenticus,  the  long  curves  of  the 
Ibliie  Merrimac  River,  and  a  great  urea  to  tiie  X.  and  W.,  including  even 
I  the  distant  White  Mts.  Daily  stages  run  from  Amesbury  to  the  carriage- 
liMimfacturing  village  of  Merrimac  (5  M.  W.),  near  Kimball's  Pond 
Isini  Brandy -brow  Hill.    A  branch  railroad  runs  thence  to  N'ewton,  on  the 

Ifcston  &  Maine  R.  R. 

John  Oreenleaf  Whittier,  "  the  Quaker  Poet  "  (born  at  Haverhill  in  1807),  has 

IliTeil  in  Amesbury  since  1840.     Ilis  e.irlier  years  were  spent  in  fanning  and  journal- 

|ki;  and  he  was  a  fearless  pioneer  of  the  cau.se  of  Antislavery,  to  whose  atlvance- 

Hfiitliis  life  was  devoted.     He  is  peculiarly  the  poet  of  New  England,  and  has  writ- 

t(u admirable  descriptions  of  its  rural  life  and  scenery     Tlie  ancient  towns  of  Essex 

^oith  and  the  surrounding  seas  have  been   richly  illustrated  by  his  legendary 

*nis,  especially  by  "  Snow-Bound,''  "  The  Tent  on  the  Beach,"  aud  "  The  Ballads 

fXew  England." 


L  to  Newbury  port 


31  Ml 


tli^ 


The  Amesbury  tra 
rimacR-vveronai, 

m  tne  !•  ,• 

Uce  stages  run  to  S^^i 

lev^res  from  the  Kast 

Sewburypon  on 
jing  village  of  the  s. 

-HiU  church. 

Unufacturing  villj?e 
>,n  and  cotton  nul^  •■ 
l.vpcT,  and  a  hlph-^l^' 


75.  Palmer  to  Winchendon. 

I  Bt  the  Ware-River  Railroad  in  49  M.     Fare,  35 1.55 ;  time,  2-3  hra. 
Ifiiations.  — Palmer  to  Tliorndike,  4  M.;  Ware,  12;  Gilbertville,  16 ;  Old  Fur- 
kfo,21;  Barre  Plains,  24:  Coldhrook,  27;  Williamsville,  33 ;  Templeton,  39  ;  Bald- 
THville,  43  ;  Waterville,  47  ;  Winchendon,  49 

I  The  line  runs  N.  through  the  pleasant  glens  of  Palmer,  and  the  New- 
Wion  Northern  Railroad  soon  diverges  to  the  I.  The  course  of  the  Ware 
Ever  is  followed,  and  beyond  the  hamlet  of  Thorndike  the  Pattaquattic 
[onds  and  Hill  are  seen  on  the  r.  Rounding  the  latter  the  train  soon 
Belies  Ware  {Hampshire  House),  where  900  operatives  are  engaged  in 
m\  and  woollen  mills.  The  village  is  picturesquely  situated  near  the 
lot  of  Colonel's  Mt.  (1,172  ft.  high)  and  other  bold  highhn.-is.  This  town 
f  4,142  inhabitants,  6  churches,  a  bank,  a  library,  and  a  grange. 

lie  soil  of  Ware  is  singular,  even  in  New  England,  for  its  hnrdness  and  sterility. 

[»«  granted  to  a  company  of  the  veterans  of  King  Philip's  \Var,  but  after  due 

ninatinn  they  sold  it  tor  two  cents  an  acre.    President  Dwight  rode  through  the 

,and  said  of  the  land,"  It  is  like  self-righteousness ;  the  more  a  man  has  of  it, 

^poorer  he  is."    The  poetic  account  of  the  genesis  of  Ware  asserts  that 

"  Pame  Nature  once,  while  makinf;  land, 
Had  refuse  left  of  atone  and  sand  : 
She  viewed  it  woll,  then  threw  it  down 
Between  Cov  »  Hill  and  Belchertown, 
And  said.  '  You  paltry  stuff,  lie  there, 
And  make  a  town,  and  call  it  Ware.' " 

feline  next  traverses  a  long  valley,  and  enters  Hardwich  (Hardwick 

),  a  large  dairy-town  with  several  prosperous  paper  and  woollen 

GUherUjille  is  a  manufacturing  village  under  Mt   Dougal,  whence 

inin  N.  to  Hardwick  Centre  in  2^  M.    Beyond  Old  Furnace  the  train 

[feaches  Barre  Plains  ( Mnssnsoit  Hotel),  whence  stages  run  to  Barre, 

^N'.    This  town  has  2,460  inhabitants,  5  churches,  a  library,  news- 


\    ;:i 


!■■      < 


1 

: -f  p  ^^' 

■'1' 

''!^'     I 

Route  76. 


SPRINGFIELD  TO   ATllOL. 


paper,  liigh-school,  and  soldiers'  monument.  The  soil  is  pood,  nnd  t!:pre.j 
are  mfuiy  dairy  and  pasture  farms  and  valuable  forests.  Tlio  fiulorivj 
make  cotton  and  woollen  goods,  boots  and  shoes,  and  palm-leaf  li;it«. 

Daily  stages  run  from  Barre  to  Dana,  7  M.  W. ;  and  to  Petersham,  8  >I.  X.  W , 
lofty  and  ancient  f:irniin!r  town  where  Gen.  Lincoln  defeated  Shays's  rolel  fmrvf,  ti 
1787,  and  where  Samuel  Willard  (the  musician)  and  Dr.  Austin  Flint  vpic  l«rnl 
al.«o  from  Coldbrook  station  to  Colcllirook  Sprfiigs  (Sanitarium),  ^  M.  S,  Kj 
valuable  mineral-waters  in  the  picturesque  town  of  Oakham. 

The  line  now  runs  N.  up  the  valley  of  the  Burntshlrt  River,  tlnonpli 
hilly  and  thinly-settled  region,  passing  Williamsville  and  soon  rcncliim 
Templeton  Centre  (two  hotels),  the  chief  village  of  a  farming  town  of  2,7 
inhabitants,  with  6  churches,  a  high-school,  and  several  small  factories. 

Stages  run  4  M.  W.  to  Phillipston,  a  highly  diversified  farming  town  with  a  pul 
lie  library  and  a  soldiers'  monument  (to  13  dead) ;  also  4  M.  E.  to  E.  Tiviphtq 
and  S.  Gardner.    Templeton  was  g/anted  to  veterans  of  the  Narragansett  W.ir. 

At  Baldwinsville  the  Fitchburg  Railroad  is  crossed,  and  the  train  nil 
N.  by  Waterville  to  Winchendon  (see  page  413),  where  it  meets  i| 
Cheshire  &  Monadnock  and  the  Boston,  Barre  Sc  Gardner  Railroads. 


„  Station! 
\h;  ^  Ljnd 
Jflancock,  35 
iKeene,  5tj. 
Irfnenible  vi 
linonmuent  o; 


76.  Springfield  to  Athol. 


[♦Hofcl  Por 

ensire  view  < 

^ffues  of  for 

JS18,  after 

H  it'gend). 

peases,  rhei,, 

fee  J  annual! 

I  Hie  old  hote 


Stnftons. — Springfield  to  Indian  Orchard,  6i  M. ;  Ludlow,  7t ;  Collin.',! 
Red  Bridge  ;  Three  Rivers,  10^  ;  Barretfs  Junction,  17i  ;  Eondsvillc,  10  ;  W.  ^I 
19;  Knfield,  27:  Smith's,  28:  Greenwich,  30^;  Greenwich  Village,  82;  N.  DJ 
38;  New  Salem,  40;  S.  Athol,  43;  Athol,  48i 

The  line  runs  out  from  Springfield  to  the  N.  E.,  and  soon  reaches 
pleasant  village  of  Indian  Orchard,  be.yond  which  it  crosses  the  CJiicj 
River,  near  Jenckesville,  a  prosperous  f.ictory-village.     Ludlow  is  .5  MJ 
of  its  station  (daily  stages),  in  the  centre  of  a  farming  town  of 
inhabitants,  with  a  handsome  .soldiers'  monument.    The  train  follows 
Chicopee  River,  and  slowly  rounds  the  massive  Minechong  Mt.  (on  tlij 
Beyond   T/iree  Rivers  it  intersects  the  New-London  Northern  Piii 
(Howie  \2),  i\t  BarreiV 8  Junction   and  ascends  the  Swift-River  viillcj 
Bondsville,  through  a  rolling  cotmtry.     Knfeld  (Swift-River  Houfc) 
rural  hamlet  in  a  farming  and  dairy  town  of  1,065  inhabitants,  uj 
high  and  wooded  ridges. 

Tri-weekly  stages  run  N.  W.  to  the  failing  mountain-hamlets  of  Pn.«rn/J 
and  P/lhnni  {d  M.).     Mt.  Ell  and  Rattlesnake  Mt.  are  in  Prescott ;  and  in 
(Pelham  Hotel)  is  Mt.  Lincoln. 

Grennvirh  (Greenwich  Hotel)  is  just  N.  of  ]Mt.  Lizzie,  in  a  rural  toffn] 
inhabitjints,  occupying  the  old  Indian  domain  of  Quatiin.     The  line  next  ir 
the  hill-country  to  N.   Dana  (small  hotel),  near  Neeseponsett   Pond.     Pail, 
run  8.  E.  to  Dana  (5  M.)  and  Barre  (12  M.).    From  New-Salem   station  dni 
run  N.  \V.  to  AVmj   Salem  (New-Salem  House),  a  highland  hamlet  iipnrti 
Packard's  Mt      Beyond  8.  Athol  the  train  reaches  Alliol  (Summit   Hoiel,\ 
summer-resort),  at  the  intersection  of  the  Fitchburg  Railroad.     Athol  if 
and  growing  village,  with  2  banks,  5  churches,  a  high-schorl,  and  several  fij 
dences.    The  water-power  of  Miller's  River  is  utilized  for  manufactories  of 
and  woollen  good,'*,  palm-leaf  h;vts,  paper,  scythes,  castings,  shoes,  and  other | 
The  town  has  nearly  20O  productive  farms,  with  4,134  inhabitants. 


lear 

"""wer-visito* 
P'easant  driv. 

Wve  dri 


ai 

ves  f(f 
'''■  10;  Lake 

■Amherst 
^'^'age  of  Afi 

>  2]  M. ;   \^ 

"on  to  Green/il 


ll 


MILFORD   SPRINGS. 


Rouie.  77.      423 


is  pood,  nuA  tV.ovp.l 
;tg.    'Hie  fnilnvi"^| 

,hnv8's rebel  foK., 
stinFUulYveW 

,  and  soon  vcncV  ■ 
^rmi"Sto^vnot2.,5 

ral  f^m^n  f^<^tovio? 

^eNarragan£ett^^.'r. 
,a,  and  the  tvnln  n,| 
>    where  it  meets  « 
^.IdnerEailroads. 

ol. 


and  .oon  renejjcs 
U  CVO--  the  a. 

farming  to^vn  of 
It.    'r\ie  train 
Vinechoag  ^^^ 
.ndou  Kortlievn 

tlvift-Kiver  Hou^e 
1,065  iuhubitants,  « 


foWow 
(on  till 

Pvrtil 
YUllci 


77.   Nashua  to  Eeene. 

stations*  —  Nashua  to  S.  Mcrrimaek,  5  M. ;  Amherst,  8  ;  Milford,  11 ;  Wilton, 
|15;  S  Lyndeboro,  19 ;  On-eufleld,  26;  S.  Bemiiugton,  30;  ilaneock  Junction,  31 ; 
lHaneock,3o;  E.  Uarrisville,  39 ;  ilarrisville,42;  \V.  llarrisville,  45 ;  Marlboro',  49  ; 
iReene,  56.  See  also  page  192.  Semi-daily  stages  run  from  Amherst  station  to  tho 
Irenenible  village  of  Ainlierst  (Amherst  House),  S\  M.  N.  \V.,  with  a  soldiers' 
liioDUiuent  oa  its  central  comiuoa.     Stages  also  from  Amhefiit  station,  1^  -  2  M   to 

Milford  Springs 

[♦Hotel  Ponemah,  built  in  1883,  and  run  by  Barnes  and  Dunklee,  of  the 
otel  Brunswick,  Boston),  high  up  on  the  hills,  and  coinnianding  an  ex- 
nsive  view  down  the  Merriniack  Valley,  and  over  lines  of  distant  hills  and 
igues  of  forests.  The  medicinal  virtues  of  these  springs  were  discovered 
1818,  after  a  series  of  angelic  apparitions  near  their  site  (such  is  the 
iral  legend).  They  became  very  popular  as  a  remedy  for  cutaneous 
eeases,  rheumatism,  debility,  dyspepsia,  and  other  maladies,  and  were 
[isited  annually  by  thousands  of  invalids. 

The  old  hotel  still  stands  at  tlie  foot  of  the  hill,  upon  which  the  Hotel 

ineraah  was  built  in  1883,  with  all  the  luxuries  of  a  tirst-cla&s  house, 

We  piazzas,  airy  halls,  open  fireplaces,  gas  lights,  electric  bells,  barber- 

ip,  billiards,  livery-stable,  etc.     Tiiere  are  pleasant  rambles  m  the  adja- 

it  forest,  beyond  the  quaint  little  pavilions  over  the  springs.     Vast 

ntities  of  the  Milford  water  are  sent  to  the  cities,  and  used  medicinally 

lor  a  table-water.    The  Ponemah  water  has  but  3  grains  of  mineral 

iter  in  a  gallon,  and  is  one  of  the  purest  waters  known,  of  great  virtue  in 

of  dyspepsia,  rheumatism,  and  other  organic  troubles.     Tlie  Milford 

lotlier  very  pure  spring,  rich  in  natural  salts  and  carbonic  acid ;  and 

Iron  and  Magnesia  Springs  are  tonic,  and  recuperative  in  their  prop- 

s.    The  Hotel  Ponemah  is  700  ft.  above  the  sea,  amid  fragrant  pine- 

'63,  and  near  a  charming  country  hill-road. 


in  Prescott , 
I  .      o  r«rat  tov^n 

Igcponfett    I  on        ^^^^^ 
ligWand  harnlet  i 


Id  for  w 

Vnffs,  shoes 
'inhabitants 


andotUetj 


fimt  Vernon  (Conant  Hall,  60  guests ;  Bellevue  House,  50 ;  Sunset  House , 

ipbeil's,  Deacon  Sterrett's,  etc.,  $0    10  a  week),  4-5  M.  from  Milford  station 

daily  stage),  and  7  M.  from  the  Ponemah,  is  a  pretty  hill-top  hamlet,  1,000  ft. 

(the  sea,  with  grand  views  and  interesting  drives  (see  also  page  192).     It  ha.s 

f summer-visitors .  and  is  but  4  M  from  Joe-English  Hill,  in  New  Boston. 

[pleasant  drive  of  5i  M.  leads  from  the  Ponemah  to  HoUis,  the  an- 
l ^issitisset,  a  deeply  embowered  farming-village.  There  are  other 
^tive  drives  to  Amherst,  4J  M.;  Nashua,  9;  Barnes'  Falls,  9;  Lake 
»sic.  10;  Lake  Potonapa,  7;  Purgatory  Falls,  8;  etc. 

Amherst  station  the  train  ascends  the  Souhegan  valley,  b}-  the 
[village  of  Milford,  to  Wilton  station,  whence  daily  stages  run  to 

21  M.;  W.  Wilton,  4;  and  Greenville,  8  M. 
|iton  to  Greenfield,  see  page  415. 


i    v 


'ii 


•  !•   t 


.\m-'^\ 


n 


424      J^ute  78. 


LEOMINSTER. 


78.   Fitchburg  to  Providence  and  New  Bedford. 

This  is  a  favorite  route  between  Vermont  and  New  Hampshire,  on  the 
N.,  and  Soullieastern  Massachusetts,  Cape  Cod,  Martha's  Vineyard,  aiid 
Nantucltet,  on  the  S.  and  E.  Trains  from  Fitchburg  to  New  Bedford  in 
1  i  -  2  hrs. 

The  train  runs  S.  E.  from  Fitchburg  •(  wn  the  picturesque  Nasmn 
valley  to  Leominster  (Leominsier  Hotel),  an  ancient  and  attractive  inaim. 
facturing  village  among  the  hills.  From  PratCs  Junction  a  branch  diverp.' 
to  Sterling  and  Worcester;  and  the  present  route  runs  S.  K.  to  carpit 
making  Clinton  {Clinton  House),  where  it  crosses  the  Worcester,  Nashua, 
and  llochester  Railroad.  From  Bolton  Depot  semi-daily  stages  run  3  M 
N'.  E.  to  Bolton,  famous  for  its  rural  beauty  rich  farms,  and  far-viewiiii 
hills.     In  Berlin  (Belmont  House)  the  Mass.  Central  K.  K. 

crossed.  The  next  station  is  Nurthboroutjh  (Northborough  Hotel),  mip 
rounded  by  noble  hills,  and  containing  several  churches  and  a  soldier 
monument.  Marlborough  {Central  House)  is  a  rich  farming  and  f\m 
making  town  of  9,000  inhabitants,  with  2  papers,  7  churches,  and  snj. 
diers'  monument.  Here  stood  a  village  of  Eliot's  Christian  Indians:  an 
King  Philip's  warriors  attacked  the  place  in  1676.  (Branch  line  hoiiri 
to  S.  Acion.)  Southborough  is  a  lovely  rural  hill-town,  with  a  soldion] 
monument  on  the  green  in  front  of  the  Congregational  Church.  Hereil 
the  Episcopal  St.  Mark's  School,  with  its  handsome  stone  chapel;  an 
near  the  village  is  Burnett's  famous  Deerfoot  Farm.  FayviUe  is  a  ?Iif" 
making  village.  Franmifjham,  see  page  125.  At  S.  Framingham,  llij 
line  crosses  the  Boston  and  Albany  II.  R.  (Route  21),  and  otiier  rniiti 
diverge  to  Milford  (see  page  125),  and  Lowell  (see  page  12')).  The  N'f 
Bedford  train  runs  S.  E.  3  M.  to  Sherbovn,  an  apple-bearing  town,  m 
the  Woman's  Pri.son  of  Massachusetts.  The  train  next  crosses  the  Charli 
River,  and  at  Mfflfiehl  Junction  intersects  the  N.  Y.  &  N.  Iv  K 
(Woonrocket  Division).  Medfield  {Medfield  Hotel)  is  a  handsome  vij 
lage,  where  straw  hats  and  bonnets  are  made  (,see  page  120).  At  U'c'// 
(Walpole  Hotel),  formerly  a  part  of  pr  .ham,  the  N.  Y.  &  N.  K.  K. 
main  line  is  crossed.  Beyond  S.  Wnlpole  and  the  Neponset  llivor 
Foxborough  {Cocnsset  House),  manufacturing  straw  goods,  and  adora 
with  a  granite  memorial  hall.  At  Mansfield,  the  Boston  and  Piovideni 
R.  R.  is  crossed;  and  the  train  runs  thence  S.  E.  across  Norton  to  Tai 
ton,  and  Weiv  Junction,  connecting  there  for  Cape  Cod  or  Fall  Hi*' 
and  thence  to  New  Bedford  (see  page  90). 


.viil 


CAMDEN. 


Rou^e  79.      425 


17  Bedfori 


picturesque  Nasluia' 
and  attvactivo  inami.' 
inn  a  brancl\  diverp'; 

runs  S.  K.  t"  ^aiT^t 
5  Worcester,  Xashiia, 
daily  stages  run  3  M 
nns,  and  fur-vio\viii;j 
lass.  Central  U.  U.  i: 
^borough  Hotel).  ?ur. 
urches  and  a  sold'n^ 
ch  farming  and  s^Ik-i 
,  7  churches,  and  si 
Christian  Indians:  am 
•,      (r.ranch  line  hoiici 
I'town.withai^oiairr 

ional  Church.    Heve,l 
,me  stone  cdiapel;  an' 
i^.    F.My«/7/ei.aslr 
8.  ■Framiiig^^.m,  tnj 
21),  and  otluM-  rout^ 
page  125).    '^^e^e' 
mle-bearing  town.wi 
,cxt  crosses  the  Char- 
Y    &  N.  Iv  R- 
keO  i«  a  handsome  v,l 
.age  120).     AtU.-r 

the  Neponsot  liner 
•aw  goods,  and  a^lo™ 
,  Boston  and  Pvovi^en^ 
across  Norton  to  Tar 
'  ,pe  Cod  or  fall  K>v 


79.   The  Maine  Sea^oast 

Camden  {Bay-View  House ;  Ocean  House)  is  a  beautiful  seashore  resoit 
J  M.  f.'om  Rocklaud  (daily  conimunicatidu  by  Boston  and  Bangor  steam- 
ers), with  costly  summer-villas,  large  boarding-houses,  and  pleasant  islands 
jiid  beaches.    Here,  also,  are  several  shipyards  and  the  largest  anchor- 
foundry  in  America.    Near  by  is  a  range  of  very  picturesque  and  lofty 
mountains,  visible  from  far  off  at  sea,  and  aftording  amid  its  defiles  line 
bits  of  Tyrolese  scenery.     The  precipice-fringed  Mt.  Megunticook,  1,2G5 
L higii,  commands  a  vast  sea-view;  and  Mt.  Batty  overlooks  Penobscot 
as  far  as  Mt.  Desert  and  Matinicus.     The  scenery  about  L'mcolnville 
?m(l,  Ragged  Mt.,  and  elsewhere  on  the  inland  drives,  is  full  of  beauty 
Imd  interest. 
Eockport  (Carleton  House,  $7-10  a  week),  1-2  M.  from  Camden,  is 
rugged  ship-building  and  lime-burning  hamlet,  with  charming  marine 
enery,  and  drives  to  Beech  Hill,  Jameson's  Point,  and  Camden  (line 
;enery  on  the  shore-road).     Within  a  few  years  Camden  and  Kockport 
ve  become  well-known  as  summer-resorts,  and  have  many  handsome 
itagcs  on  their  hills  and  headlands  (see  also  page  317). 
Northport  (  Waverley  House),  a  summer-port  of  the  Boston  and  Bangor 
id  otlier  steamers,  is  a  sea-fronting  bluff  crowned  by  hundreds  of  summer- 
ittases,  between  the  pretty  hamlet  of  Saturday  Cove  and  Belfast,  and 
M.  by  f.arriage-road  from  the  sea-viewing  summit  of  Mt.  Percival.   This 
ality  was  occupied  as  a  Methodist  camp-meeting  ground  in  1848,  and 
till  tiie  site  of  enthusiastic  camp-meetings  (in  August). 
Konhegan  (Airs.  W.  L.  Albee^s  boarding-house)  has  a  lighthouse  (200 
above  the  sea),  a  chapel,  a  schoolhouse,  and  HO  inhabitants.    It  covers 
m  1.000  acres  (IJ  by  1  M.),  and  has  very  bold  shores,  looming  nobly 
ve  the  adjacent  seas,  and  several  leagues  from  the  nearest  point  of  the 
liiilaud.    Several  vessels  are  owned  by  the  islanders.    There  is  much 
liable  scenery  here,  and  very  impressive  rocky  and  surf-beaten  shores, 
ith  views  from  the  hills  over  a  vast  circuit  of  blue  sea.    The  Monhegan 
•boat  sails  from  S.  St.  George  every  Tuesday  and  Friday  ;  the  Bootli- 
IV steamboats  often  make  excursions  to  it;  and  Mrs.  Albee,  on  receiv- 
"a  few  days'  notice,"  will  send  a  boat  to  the  mainland  for  guests, 
also  page  316.) 
iHuirrel  Island  {Chase  House,  75  guests)  is  reached  by  small  steamers, 
ning  several  times  daih'  from  Bath,  15  M.,  through  a  delightful  archi- 
lugo,  and  down  deep  salt-water  fiords,  by  Westport,  Five  IslHiids,  and 
"quaint  little  stopping-places.    Boothbay  {Boothbay  House;   Wey- 
''*),  the  terminus  of  the  route,  is  a  gray-wharved  old  fishing-village, 
a  romantic  history.    Out  in  its  harbor  the  steamer  touches  at  Capitol 


ri 


\        T 


i     < 


Ji^SflF-^^ 


426      Route  79. 


LOWELL. 


Island  (Sidney  House)  and  Mouse  Island  (Samoset  House,  150  guests, 
$7 -15  a  week),  smull  islets  favored  by  many  summer-visitors.  !5i|iiiirel 
Island,  3  M.  from  Boothbay,  and  fronting  the  sea,  has  1,000  inhabitants 
in  summer,  all  of  them  pleasure-seekers,  who  find  rare  entertaiiiuicut  in 
boating  and  fishing,  and  rambling  about  the  picturesque  siiores  aiul 
beaches.  The  Squu'rel-Islaiid  Squid  is  a  bright  summer  newsiiapur,  in 
which  the  gossip  of  the  place  is  printed,  and  the  fascinating  k-gciids  ol  thu 
adjacent  coasts.  Ocean  Point  {Ocean-Point  House;  Millnoktt),  on  ihi; 
adjacent  main,  6  M.  from  Boothbay,  has  many  summer-cottagus. 

Samostt  Island,  Sawijei''s  Island  (Sawyer's-Island  House),  and  other 
localities  in  this  region  receive  many  summer-voyagers. 

The  fare  from  Boston,  by  boat,  to  Bath  and  Boothbay  and  back,  is  S2.50 

Fort  Fopham  and  Hunnewell's  Neck,  at  the  mouth  of  the  KeiiiieW 
(steamboat  from  Batli),  are  the  sites  of  new  summer-cottage  coloiiics,  wii 
the  Eureka  House  (75  guests;  $7-10  a  week)  as  their  centre.  I'aitin 
down,  at  Small  Point,  is  the  Spinney  House  ($5-7  a  week).  .1/t; 
Point,  running  into  the  sea  below  Brunswick,  is  another  newly  develupu' 
resort;  and  the  inns  of  Harpswell  (daily  stages  from  Brunswick),  liav 
many  summer-guests,  attracted  by  the  scenery,  which  Harriet  becciie; 
Stowe  says  "has  more  varied  and  Lingular  beauty  than  can  ordiuar 
be  found  on  the  shores  of  any  land  whatever." 

Grand  Manan  {Marhle-Ridoe  House,  ot North  Head;  and  many  ines 
pensive  boarding-houses),  a  Canadian  island,  22  M.  long  and  3  -  G  M.  wiA 
M'ith  3,000  inhabitants,  10  schools,  8  churches,  and  valuable  lisliorie^, 
reached  by  steamboat  in  2  hrs.  from  Kastport,  connecting  with  the  Intel 
national  steamers.  It  has  wonderful  cliff  and  coast  scenery,  gooci  trnuj 
lishing  and  hunting,  many  legends,  good  roads,  several  quaint  lianileti 
and  other  interesting  objects,  which  attract  numbers  of  artists  here  evei 
year.     It  was  settled  bj'  Loyalists  from  Massachusetts. 

Campobello  (*T/ie  Owen;  The  Tyn-y-Coedd,  large  and  luxurious  m 
summer-hotels,  built  by  Boston  capital)  is  a  Canadian  island,  8  by  3  M. 
area,  with  1,G00  inhabitants,  two  fishing-villages,  picturesque  beachi 
headlands,  uplands,  evergreen  forests,  and  sea-swept  coves.    The  islai 
was  granted  in  1767,  by  England,  to  Admiral  Owen,  whose  family  ocij 
pied  the  domain  for  over  a  century.     The  traditions  of  this  re(jhne  are 
of  vivid  interest,  and  meet  one  at  every  turn.    In  1880  the  last  of 
Owens  abandoned  the  manor-house;  and  the  island  was  purchased  by 
American  syndicate,  and  liberally  advertised  as  a  summer-resort,  g" 
hotels  having  been  built,  new  roads  opened,  and  cottages  erected.  Huui 
steamers  run  between  Campobello  and  Eastport. 

Matinicns  is  reached  by  a  weekly  mail-packet  from  Rockland,  20  M. 
lies  far  out  in  the  ocean,  and  includes  800  acres,  with  200  inhabitants, 
of  whom  are  lobstermen.    There  are  6  smaller  islands  near  by. 


ITl] 


SHOWlNi 


J  Stations. — 

ran  tree.  U^  n 
P"  ,'tnvater,  20 
''''o'ewater,  07 

I"'''  (by  steauie 


lioiite  4. 

l^faWons.  -' 

."i^y'iiinith 
fy  House,' 

'  ^'arshlieltl.  3. 


'atlons.  —  B 

,t  •luiiii.'ton 


^'J'liiptoii, 


19. 


3( 


Hi 


U5 


ong.  -Bf 


S.   W 


art 


ouse,  150  gue?t3, 
visitors.    ii'\n\m\ 

1  000  inlui\)iianb  | 
5  eutertiiiinueiit  in 
i-esqvie  shoves  and 
liner  uewsvaiwr,  in) 
itmKWj,'endsuillie| 

Millnoktt),  on  llw 
r-cottagcs. 
.  House),  ivud  olliu- 

y'aiidback,  i^e-2.50.j 
^th  of  the  Kenu.lxJ 
•ottage  colonies,  wulj 
Ueir  centre.  I'arll^d 
5_7  a  week),  -l'^'' 
ther  newly  AeveloH 
oin  Brunswick),  IwvJ 
hich  Harriet  Beed.el 
y  than  can  ovdiuavilJ 

.ead;  and  many  iuex 

|longand3-G^UvKlJ 

i  valuable  Ushcnes.  i 

Lcting  with  the  Inte 

Lt  scenery,  good  tH 
Vveral  quaint  hamkt 

•3  of  artists  here  eve< 

sits. 

.n-e  and  luxurious  ne 

I>nisland,8by3>. 

L    picturesque  heach^ 

Ut  coves.    The>sla 

ven,^vhose  family  ocj 

ns  of  this  rej/'nne  are  1 

L  1880  the  la^toH 

,d  was  purchased  bj 

a  summer-resort,  gf 

.tiages  erected,   ^m 

lromIlockland,20M.] 
Iith200inhabiiuut8,i'' 

Inds  near  by. 


AN 


ITINERARY  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


ISHOWING  THE  STATIONS  AND  DISTANCES  ON  THE 
CHIEF  RAILROADS. 


Boston  to  Newport  and  New  York. 

Moute  3.     Page  36.     The  Old  Colony  R.   R. 

[stations.  —  Boston  to  Savin  Hill,  3  M.  ;  Harrison  Square,  3};  Neponset,  5; 

fluitif,  j.) ;  Wollaston,  Gi ;  Quinoy,  8 ;   Quincy  Adams,   8^ ;  Braintree,   10 ;  S. 

Viiutiee,  llj  (branch  to  Plynioutli,' 37i);  Holbrook,  15;  E.  Stonyhton,  IGif ;  N. 

Iri'l-ewater,  20;  Canipello,  '21i  ;  Matlielil,  23^;  E.  and  W.  Bridgewater,  25; 
vl„'e\vater.  27 ;  Titicnt,  30 ;  MidcUeboro",  34;  Lakeville,  30;  Myriik's,  42;  As- 
[let,  45;  Fall  River,  49 ;  Tiverton,  54;  Bristol  Ferry,  50;  Newport,  68;  New 
f'lii  (by  steamer),  230. 

Boston  to  Duzbury. 

Route  4.     Pa(;e  48.     The  Old  Colony  and  S.  Shore  R.  Rs. 

IStatioiis.  —  Boston  to  Braintree,  10  M. ;  E.  Bniintree,  11  ;  Weymouth,  \\\i 
'Weymouth,  13;  E.  Weymouth,  14.^;  W.  Hingham,  10;};  Hingham,  17i;  Old 
Niy  House,  18;  Nantaslcet,  19;  Coliasset,  2H  ;  N.  Soituate,  23;  Epypt,  24; 
|tii;ite,  lici ;  S.  Scituate,  28 ;  E.  Marshtield,  30;  Sea  View,  31;  Marshfield  Centre, 
i  Marshlield,  34;  Webster  Place,  36;  Duxbury,  38;  S.  Duxbury,  39. 

Boston  to  Plymouth. 

Rovie  5.     Page  51.     Old  Colony  R.  R. 

ftatlons.  —  Boston;  S.  Braintree,  llj  M. ;  S.  Weyinonth,  15;  N.  Abington, 

TjAbiiigtun.  19.^;  S.  Abington,  '2\\;  N.  Hanson,  23^;    Hausson,  24^;  Halifax, 
^i  Plymptou,  30;  Kingston,  33^  ;  Plymouth,  37^. 

Boston  to  Cape  Cod. 

Route  6.     Page  54.     0'     Colony  R.  R. 

Itatlons.  -Boston ;  Middleboro",  34  M. ,      ick,  39;  S.  Middleboro',  42;  Tre- 
TUo;  s.  Warehani,  47;  Wareham,  49;   Agawara,  51;  Cohasset  Narrows,  54 


h 


; 


■^  w 

4| 

p     n 

'N  11 

ii^- 

1 

tfl 

1 

*w 

i 

1' ' 

4 

, 

'1 

• 
■     I 

'    i! 


I      • 


428 


ITINERARY. 


(branch  to  Wood's  Hole,  72) ;  Monument,  55 ;  N.  Sandwich,  58 ;  W.  SamlwidiJ 
59;  Sandwich,  02:  W.  Barnstable,  09;  Barnstable,  73;  Yarmouth,  75  (tiiaiieh  tij 
Hyannis,  70);  S.  Yarmouth,  80;  S.  Dennis,  81;  N.  Harwich,  83 ;  Harwiuh  Hi, 
Brewster,  89;  E.  Brewster,  92;  Orleans,  94;  Eastham,  97;  8.  Wcllllect  hrii 
Wellfleet,  106}  S.  Truro,  109;  Truro,  111-,  N.  Truro,  114;  i'rovincetown,  120 


.  I 


;  ' 


Ui^ 


'  vt 


'i 


I    :. 


'  }•<: 


Boston  to  Martha's  Vineyard  and  Nantucket. 

Route  7.    Page  58.     Old  Colony  R.  R.  and  Steamers. 

Stations*  —  Boston ;   Cohasset  Narrows,  54  M.  ;  N.  Falmouth,  01 ;  W.  Fil| 
mouth ;  Falmouth,  08 ;  Wood's  Hole,  71 ;  (steamer  to)  Martha's  Viuejard,  ;> 
(steamer  to)  Nantucket,  110. 

Boston  to  Providence  and  New  York. 

Route  8.    Page  62.    Boston  d;  Providence,  Stonington  d;  Providence,  S(\\ 
Haven,  New  London  <Ss  Stnnington,  and  N,  Y.  <fc  New  Haven  R.  lis. 

Stations.  —  Boston;   Roxbury,  2  M.;   Jamaica  Plain,  3J;   Forest  Hill, 
Readville,  8J;  Canton,  14;  Sharon,  17i;   E.  Foxboro',  21^;   Manslield,  24;\«l 
Mansfield,  20 ;  Attleboro',  31 ;   Dodgeville,  32;  Pawtucket,  39;  Pnivideiice,  43  J 
Auburn,  49 ;    Hill's   Grove,  53 ;   Greenwich,  68 ;   Wickford,  04 ;    Kingston,  ;il 
Carolina,  77  ;  Richmond  Switch,  80  ;  Niantic,  84 ;  Westerly,  88 ;  Stoiiinf^fon,  ml 
Mystic,  97  ;  W.  Mystic,  98;  Noank,  102;  Pocjuonnock  Switch,  103;  Grotoii;  Xef 
London,   106.      Shore  Line.  —  Waterford,    109;    E.   Lyme,  113;   S.  Lviiie,  11 
Lyme,  122;  Conn.  River,  123;  Saybrook,  125;   Westbrook,   128;   Cliiitdii,  Ui 
Madison,  130;  Guilford,  140;  Stony  Creek,  145;  Branford,  148 :  Fairhaven,  15f 
New  Haven,  156.    N.  Y.  &  New  Haven  Division.  —  West  Haven,  158i ;  MilforJ 
105;  Naugatuck  Junction,  103;  Stratford,  170;  Bridgeport,  173 ;  Fairtitld,  Ki 
Southport,  180 ;  Westport,  184;  S.  Norwalk,  187  ;  Darien,  191;  Noroton,  10'2I 
Stamford,  195 ;  Cos  Cob  Bridge,  199  ;  Greenwich,  200  ;  Port  Chester,  20;) ;  Ryl 
205;    Mamaroneck,  208;   New  Rochelle,  212;   Mount  Vernon,  215;  Wiiliauij 
Bridge,  218 ;  New  York,  230. 

Boston  to  New  Bedford. 

Route  9.    Page  90.    Boston  tfc  Providence  and  New  Bedford  R.  Rs\ 

Stations.  —  Boston ;  Mansfield,  24  M. ;  Norton.  28  ;  Crane's,  31 ;  Wliittcntol 

84;  Taunton,  35;  Weir  Junction,  36;  Middleboro' Junction,  89;  Myrick's,  41 

Howland's,  44;  E.  Freetown,  46 ;  Braley's,  48  ;  Acushnet,  52 ;  New  Bedford,  f 

Providence  to  Worcester. 

Route  10.     Page  93.     Prov.  db  Wor.  R.  R. 
Stations.  — Providence;   Pawtucket,  4  M. ;  Valley  Falls,  6;  Lonsdale, 
Ashton,  9i;  Albion,  11;  Manville,  12;  Woonsocket,  16;  Waterford,  \T,  m 
stone,  18;  Millville,  20  ;  Uxbridge,25;  Whitin's,  26  ;  Northbridge,3l ;  Fiirmm 
83;    Saundersville,   34;    Sutton,  35;   Millbury,  37;    Worcester  Junction, 
Worcester,  43. 


Providence  to  Hartford  and  Waterbury. 

Page  94.    Hartford,  Providence,  <L'  Fishkill  R.  -Rj 


Roiite  11 
Stations.  —  Providence 


„ ,   Cranston,  4  M.  ;  Oak  Lawn,  7;  Naiifk,  8; 

PoUit,  11  ;  Quidnick,  13  ;  Washington,  14 ;  Summit,  22 ;  Greene,  24  ;  Oneco, 


>h,  58;  W.  Sandwicli.I 
rmoath,  75  (IniiuuhV* 
Ich,  83;  Haiwkli,  b4; 
)7  ;  a.  Wclltleet,  10'3J 
L'lovincetowii,  V^O. 


id  Steamers. 
Falmouth,  01 ;  W  Fill 
Martha'8  Viueyard,  ,^r 


yn  <fc  Providence,  iVeil 
New  Haven  R.  Rs- 

lin.  3i;  ^"y.'-f/SK^ 

2U;  Manstiekl,  24,V1 
;et,  39;  Pn.vuleurc,43l 
ford,  04;  Kmsston  ;l 
erly,  88 ;  Stouinfit.m  WJ 
witch,  103;  GrotuniVj 

i-onl  148  •-  Fan-baveii,  lo« 
Uort.  173;  Fair.  W,J 

•  Port  Chester,  '20.  ,  .«i 
I'  Venion,  215;  ViUiauJ 


I- 


'^ 

K\^ 

:t 

1 

w»' 

^.■■ 


''•■:<fi.      ■■: 


1 


1 


: '  -  \ 


5 


it 


■k^  ■  I 


: v-.-*.r»  -f :  -*~r-»-*  x   x  :-■■■ 


trfj^.>rfwaaa.^y  ar^&m'^JM'ui^tt "Hiiiinaii  ■  t  m  ^^s-j;, .  •;  rj:  •  -■-'':*,;.■:"■ 


"^.1-*^ 


_M%i    '..~,!jriiii..ii.' 


.  ^        StJiutrh  ht^ 


>^- 


>«   O    N 


te?p"'j^:^ 


"-       Jiultrtn 


''»<,iv 


I'll 


■>■■■  I.  Asu.Miii^';^ 

lit) 


'i:'i!sf 


*'-i'|iAif?;y  T  A^''*)' 


^uvi 


tti 


[I  iii:ir'n^"R 


sri'ikftv 


paWiuif    V  \. . 


I<tiii(i',>l|i>ii  ^ 


-■■V: 


1  kHliutoiT  .^      ! 


DtinliHin 


^i_.M 


Ilcic- 


1    JiuD 


S1.i.i11iv«.l..a.,>/f^     \    JfPw- ' .   iMi-     '  ,.1.  ^  1  Viiit"  iVr-      J       _^     )       S    TV    -V-' 


.'iiL.^.; 


l/tui 

S.ii.u 

OP  I'  r  I 


V^^^^.J. 


dpll 


Too  ri">/1 1.  '  Be».S\^tjri,  y^n-i 


l)iV-'~\.i„J    iA^'-"-, 


It^thJ 


'if- 


m 


hi-ii  '.29«^rTf I  /~*.    A._...  f^»^Jl  _».i.-,   -. 


*  Tv^^'  ^.*'!:iM^^!!™^>A 


.!   fii>)(t 


.-jW^^^T^      IT... 


„\«iiil/,.0'';!! 



f^;    filH.ro A    ♦  V8a.-S^/^.IIHlKf,7^Wt<' 


'^'y- 


.7 


I  mmKmms!>im^ 


\\o\] 


I  uLJ::  '■M.'-^^)*'iiMr  i' Jag* 


o^^^^y 


vW  

*i.d-  ft...   IW...»- 1  'hlitiitimHi'ii 


tii^wv-     o    ^ 


C."L      '"'"'_.i-i«-'TT«i..\     y_\forftA 


4S 


„     — .-^^te,  ■<"•/■/■ ' 


bi  Wljitl/.;v"! 


iMpmPanitttffc    I 


jini'Hiijjft-  I  ■"      a 

,1  >^      >l'l 


MAIIi>Uff*^ 


fk 


'■^-^^^^v^^mmmmmmra^-it^Amti-m^  v.^iwiWMy/ 


1  yev'^Mv.v : /'.;/*/,     '•■•rifle /sA*!., ['•'''•^lifcJKilr/^T^iC'  '^m-  "I^STTr^W 


I 


^    tmmJJ        ,'  UiMu  ; 


■MUll 


I  At- 


Hua*    

^       lITt  fJgj.Hiiilill-.- 

■"'  V"     <- 

I'niitfi       v.       luiti- 

|.,.rv      ""  V-~*  .^«S 


^!'""'  /v 


^^?b^J 


'iT' 


^■•"•■■*^,■l,..,„ 


^FC*^  'ill!'*;  IB  """'"v'Sjrti  ^''f'^WM      l'<*''^i'  W 


^^      ,vnJin. 

^  7 !'""■,  152 


f*^ 


-i'/'i'fltJuJa'j'v  I  ill 
"^fe-   »urii.-.  i-Hii       ^. 

It  <i  ^*' *i/^JfiiSF^ '.'. ,/ / 1 t^i  i 
'**"  J'-'l.  j^r^K^Ji-fp-  -i  fit.  \*« 


rii  iriirfraTT't — Tr~f '  v*ihS5P3c^k1xN 

i  hv" 

"r. 


*    ^  '^'    kill   *"<Hi"" 


"■"-^  "v,.,- 


St:AtJS  OfMO^KS 


'  iHnrti^;';v  "^K  /t  Sb^.       I'inv    Jmk  vf'^ 


|h.|       III     TJ^mI.I 

li'l-       1 


wIiiii*/!'^'»Aj 


.UmniJ 


B«iu- 


'^llilijliit ' 


»•«/ 


Hf^  Dutt  Hot* 
,dlliJNiii^J^I.iLlUm1dlllIIIlIlhJ«^  '-'■ 


%..,.. M 


tn 


I 


■'«•'"■■    --.itK^r 


iv/f/t  ,/f/jf/rf  n/ /jorf/oiisjj/ 


■"vo^- 


^r-^i 


V* 


>- 


^^^1. 


Bnij 


PUBLISHED     BY 

EXPRESSLY    FOR  ThE 


IHHt 


^;^.- •  ,-r^ ^— -      - 


'■  -  /  , 


:';>^:' 


^■« 


I 


wm 


.•M»H»i" ^'•^Ifc 


"7 


o<!a»@«iaMi 


iJ--- 


V 


ITINKUAHY. 


Sterling,  29  :  Mooaup,  88  :  Plalnfleld,  35  ;  Canterbury,  40  ;  BalUc,  48 
SI;  a.   Windham,  55;  Williniiiiitii',  68;  AiiiIovlt. 
Maiu'liestcr,  81  ;  K.  llartlbnl,  HS ;  ilartfiinl,  !K) 
I'l.iinvllle,   104  ;  Foreatvillf,   UHi ;  Urintol,  108 1 
Watorvillo,  121  ;  Watcrbury,  123. 


420 

Rcotland, 


•VL-r.  (17  i  Holton,  TA  ;  Vernon,  74  : 
) ;  NewiiiKton,  iK>\  New  IJriUln.Olt ; 
1;  Terry villo,   112;  llojulleyB,  111); 


New  London  to  Vermont. 

Route  12.     Page  DO.     yew  London  yorthern  R    R. 

Stations.  -Xew  Lomlon  ;  Watcrfor'',  3 ;  Montvilh;,  fl  ;  MassapeiiK,  8  ;  Mohegnn, 
10;  Tliiiinesvillo,  12;  Norwicli,  111;  \  nlU  17;  Franklin,  20;  LiilmiuMi,  2;i ;  S. 
Wimlliiini,  20;  Williniantic,  30;  Ka«l''^  '!»■  30;  ManMlielil,  IIS;  jMcnow,  Kt  ;  Tol- 
laml,  U;  Statlord,  50  ;  Kliitiiorpo,  5;i;  S.  Monson,  00;  Mtmson,  01 ;  I'alnitT,  0.5  ; 
Tlirei  llivers,  68;  Uarrott's,  70;  llt-lchcrtown,  78;  Dwi^?lit'8,  80;  Anilierst,  85  ; 
Level  It.  90  ;  f^.  Montayue,  05  ;  Millt-r'H  Falls.  100  ;  Nortlillcld  FarniH.  103  ;  Nortli- 
tltilii,  lo',»;  S.  Vernon,  111  :  Vernon,  110:  Hrattleboro',  121 ;  Moutpcllor,  249;  Dur- 
iiiigton,  289;  St.  Albans,  300;  Mo"f>"  ',  309. 


Norwich  to  Nashua. 
Route  13.     Page  104.     yor.  <fc  Wor.  and  IVor.  cfc  yashua  R.  Ra. 


Jcwett  City,  10; 
Danielsonviilo,  26 ; 


Plain  field  Junction, 
Daysville,  20;  Put- 


Statlona.  —  Norwich  ;  Oreenvillo,  2 
10  ;  Central  Village,  20  ;  Wanregan,  21  ; 

naiM,  31 ;  Thompson,  30  ;  Orosvenor  Dale,  3!» ;  N.  Orosvenor  Dale,  40  ;  Webster, 
44 ;  N.  Webster,  45 ;  Oxford,  49  ;  N.  Oxford,  51  ;  Auburn,  50 ;  Worcester  Junc- 
tion. 59;  Worcester,  00  ;  W.  Boylston,  09;  Oal<dale.  70 ;  Hterling  Junction,  72; 
Clinton,  77  ;  S.  Lancaster,  78  ;  Lancaster,  79  ;  Still  River,  83  ;  Harvard,  86  ;  Ayer 
Junction,  83  ;  Groton,  91  ;  Pepperell.  '."0 ;  Hollis,  99  ;  Nashua,  100. 

Saybrook  to  Hartford. 

Route  U.     Page  106.     Conn.  Valley  R.  R. 

Stations. —(Fenwick)  Saybrook  Point;  Junction,  2  M. ;  Essex,  6V;  Deep 
River,  1);^ ;  Chester,  llj;  Ooodspecil's,  14^;  Arnold's,  17;  Haddam,  17J;  walkley 
Hill,  19;  Higfinum,  20.i ;  Maromas,  23J ;  Middletown,  29;  Cromwell,  31  J;  Rocky 
Hill,  30i;  WethersJlold,  41  i;  Hartford,  44. 


New  Haven  to  Northampton. 

Route  15.     Page  108.    yew  Haven  <fc  yorthampton  R.  R. 

Stations.  -New  Haven;  Ives,  8  M. ;  Mt.  Carmcl,  9;  Cheshire,  15;  Hitch- 
liDiili's,  20;  Plants\  le,  21;  Southington,  22;  Plainville,  27;  Farmington,  31; 
lAvon,  37;  Simsbury,  42;  Granby,  47;  Southwick,  55;  Westflcld,  01  ;  Southamp- 
Ituii,  08 ;  East  HampU.ri,  71 ;  Northampton,  76  (Florence,  79 ;  Leeds,  81 ;  Haydei- 
Iville,  83;  Williamsburg,  84). 


Bridgeport  to  Winsted. 


Route  16. 


']     B    ' 


'■U 


n 


% 


M 


1 1 
I;  I , 

I:  I 


-  II 


!  ..^-  I 


n 


430 


ITINERARY. 


Bridgeport  to  the  Berkshire  Hills. 


Route  17.    Page  114.    Housatonic  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Bridgeport;  Stepney,  10  M.  ;  Botsford,  15;  Newtown,  19;  Haw- 
leyville,  23  (cihepaug  R.  R.  to  Lichtield,  5(j) ;  Brookfleld  Junction.  27  (trains  to 
Danbury) ;  Broolifield,  29 ;  New  Milford,  35 ;  Merwinsville,  42 ;  Kent,  48 ;  Corn- 
wall Bridge,  57 ;  W,  Cornwall,  61 ;  Lime  Rock,  65 ;  Falls  Village,  67 ;  Canaan,  73; 
Asiiley  Falls,  75;  Sheffield,  79;  Barrington,  85;  Van  Deusenville,  87;  Housa- 
tonic, 89;  Glend&Ie,  92;  Stockbridge,  93;  S.  Lee,  95;  Lee,  99 ;  Lenox  Furnace, 
101;  Lenox,  102;  Dewey's,  106;  Pittsfield,  110. 

S.  Norwalk  to  Danbury. 

Route  18.    Page  115.     Danbury  tfc  Norwalk  R.  R. 

Stations. —  S,  Norwalk;  Norwalk,  2  M. ;  Winnipauk,  3;  Wilton,  7;  George- 
town, 11;  Branchville,  13  (branch  to  Pidgefleld);  Sanford's,  15;  Reading,  17; 
Bethel,  21 ;  Danbury,  24. 

Boston  to  New  London  and  New  Tork. 

Route  19.    Page  117.     New  York  <{,•  A^'eto  England  R.  R.  <fc  Steamboats. 

Stations.  — Boston  ;  Mt.  Bowdoin,  4  JI.  ;  Mattapan,  6 ;  Hyde  Park,  8 ;  Read- 
ville,  9 ;  Springvale,  11;  Ellis',  13;  Norwood,  14;  Winslow's,  16;  Walpole,  19; 
Campbell's,  22;  Norfolk,  23;  Franklin,  27;  Wadsworth's,  30;  Blackstone,  3C; 
Millvi.lle,  38 ;  Iron  Stone,  41 ;  E.  Douglas,  46 ;  Douglas,  48 ;  E.  Thompson,  53  (Soiitli- 
bridge,  70) ;  Thompson,  57  ;  Mechanicsville,  60 ;  Putnam,  61  (Willimantic,  86); 
Danielsonville,  69  ;  Plainfield  Junction,  79 ;  Norwich,  95  ;  New  London,  108  ;  Neff 
York  (by  steamer),  about  220  M. 

Boston  to  Woonsocket. 

Stations.  —  Boston  ;  Brookline,  4  M. ;  Newton  Centre,  8  ;  Upper  Falls,  10; 
Highlandville,  11;  Needham,  12;  Charles  Riv^r,  14;  Dover,  16;  Medtield,  lt);E. 
Medway,  22;  Medway,  25;  W.  Medway,  26;  N.  Bellingham,  29;  Bellinghain,  3i; 
Woonsocket,  37i. 

Hartford  to  Salisbury  and  Millerton. 

Route  20.     Page  120.     Conn.  Western  R.  R. 

Stations.—  iTartford  ;  Bloomfield,  6  M.  ;  Scotland ;  Tariffville,  11  ;  Simsburr.l 
15;  Strattm  Brook,  17;  Canton.  22;  CoUinsville,  25;  Pine  Meadow,  28;  Nt"! 
Hartford,  20;  Winsted,  35;  W.  Winsted,  37;  Grant's,  41;  Norfolk,  45 ;  W.Xorl 
folk,  48;  E.  Canaan,  52;  Canaan,  55;  Chapinville,  60;  Salisbury,  62;  Lakevillef 
64;  Ore  Hill,  66;  P.  &  E.  and  N.  Y.,  B.  &  M.  R.  Rs.  Junction,  67  ;  MiUertoniCJ 


Boston  to  Springfield  and  New  Tork. 

Route  21.     Page  124.     Boston  A  Albany  and  N.  Y.,  N.  //.  tfc  Sprm 

field  K   Rs. 

Stations.  —  Boston ;  Cottage  Farm,  3  M.  ;  Allston,  4;  Brighton,  5;  FaneiiH| 
6;  Newton,  7;  Newtonville,  8;  W.  Newton,  9;  Auburndale,  10;  Rivpi-skle,  i| 
Rice  Crossing,  12^  ;  Grantville,  13  ;  Wellesley,  15  ;  Lake  Crossing,  16;  Natick.lM 
S.  Framingham,  21;  Ashland,  24;  Cordaville,  27 ;  Southville,  28 ;  Westborousi 
32;  Grafton,  38;  Millbury  Junction,  39;  Worcester,  44;  Worcester  Junction,  J 
Rochdale,  53;  Charlton,  57;  Spencer,  62;  E.  Brookfleld,  64;  Brooktield,  67 ' "' 


I    M 


ITINERARY. 


431 


Hills. 

ic  R-  R"  „ 

lid  Junction.  27  (tram^ 
„vme.42;  Kent,  48;  Coil- 
s'Village, 67-,  Canaav,<^i 
,n  DeusenviUe,  87  ,  nousa 
■^  Lee.  99;  Lenox  Furnace, 


ry. 

Norwolk  R"   "* 

imuk  3;  Wilton.  7;  George- 

New  "lork. 

,lay^  R.  R.  <k  Steamboo^- 

Putnam,  ol  v^ "        lasNew 
3h,  95  ;  New  London.  lOS ,  >e« 


iket. 

eUingS29;Bellingba,n,3. 


Milletton. 

hresfem  R-  R-  , 


New  Yorlc. 


Lufon    4-Bngl>ton,5-,  ^^^'^^"^1 

lUston,  *)  ""?rt.  Rive 

1  Aubuvndiile,,  10  ,w  ^    ,^.|, , . 


'7  •,  Soutliville.  28 ,  wes^,^io,,,(| 
Iter  44;  Worcester  Juiiai, J 
lookfleld,64;Brooktteld.6 


Brookfield,69;  Warren,  73;  W.  Warren,  75;  Brimfteld,  79;  Palmer,  83;  Wilbra- 
hain,  89;  Indian  Orchard,  92;  Springtield,  98;  Longmeadow,  102;  Thonipsonville, 
107;  Warehouse  Point,  110 ;  Windsor  Locks.  112  ;  Windsor,  118;  HnHford,  124  ; 
Newington,  129;  Berlin,  135 ;  Meriden,  142;  Yalesville,  145 ;  Wnllingford.  148; 
N.  Haven,  154;  Nev/  Haven,  ICO;  Bridgeport,  177;  S.  Norwalk,  191;  Stamford. 
199 ;  Williams'  Bridge,  222 ;  New  York,  234. 

The  Berkshire  Hills. 

Route  23.     Page  142.     Boston  <£•  Albany  and  Housatonic  R.  Rs. 

Stations. —  Bostm;  Becket,  135  M.;  Washington.  138;  Hinsdale,  143;  Dalton, 
140;  rittslield  Junct  on,  149;  Pittsfleld,  151  ;  Shaker  Village,  154;  Richmond, 
15.) ;  State  Line,  1(52. 

Housatonic  R.  R.  —  T.'ittsfield,  151  M.  from  Boston ;  Dewey's,  155  ;  Lenox,  159; 
Lenox  Furnace,  160,  Lee,  162;  S.  Lee,  166;  Stockbridge,  168;  Glendale,  169; 
Housatonic,  172  ;  Van  DeusenviUe.  174 ;  Barrington,  176 ;  Sheffield,  182 ;  Ashley 
Falls.  186 ;  Canaan,  188. 

PUtsfield  (£•  iV.  Adavis  Branch.  —  Pittsfleld,  151 ;  Coltsville,  154;  Berkshire,  157  ; 
Cheshire,  160;  Cheshire  Harbor,  163;  Maple  Grove,  164;  S.  Adams,  165;  N. 
Adams,  171. 

New  Tork  to  Quebec. 

Route  24.     Page  157.     A^.  F.,  JV.  II.  &  Hartford^  Conn.  River,  Cen- 
tral Vermont,  Passumpsic,  and  Grand  Trunk  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  New  York  ;  Stamford,  34;  Bridgeport,  56;  New  Haven,  74;  Hart 
ford,  110;  Springfield,  136.     Conn.  River  R.  R.  —  Cliicojjee  Junction,  140;  Willi 
mansett,  143;  Holyoke,  144;  Smith's  Ferry,  149;  Mt.  Tom,  151;  Northampton 
153;  Hatfield,  157;  N.  Hatfield,  100;  Whately,  162;  S.  Deerfield,  164;  Deerfield 
ICO;  Greenfield,  17.^;  Bernardston,  179;  S.  Vernon,  186.  Central  Vermont  R.  R.  — 
Vernon,  191;  Brattleboro',  196;  Dummerston,  201;  Putney,  205;  E.  Putney,  208 
Westminster,  216;  Bellows  Falls,  222;  Charlestown,  230;  Springfield,  231;  Clare 
iiiont,  240;  Windsor,  248;  Hartland,  252;  N.  Hartland,  256;  White  River  June 
tioii,  202.    Passumjisic  R.  R.  —  Norwich,  267 ;  Pomi)anooeuc,  272 ;  Thetford,  277 
N.  Thetford,  279 ;  Faiilee,  284 ;  Bradford,  291 ;  S.  Newbury,  205  ;  Newbury,  298 
Wells  River.  302;  Baruet,  31H;  Passumpsic,  320;  St.  Jolinsbury,  323;  Lyndon 
ville,  331;  W.  Burke,  3;?9;  Barton,  352;  Coventrv,  302;  Newport,  367;  N.  Derby, 
372;  Smith's  Mills,  377;  Ma.*sawippi,  388;  N.  Hatley,  395;  Capleton,  398;  Len 
nnxville,  404;  Sherbrooke.  407.     Grand  Trunk  Railway.  —Quebec,  420  (Montreal, 
40H). 

Boston  to  the  Hoosac  Tunnel. 

Route  25.     Page  175.     Fitchburg  and  Vt.  ct-  Mass.  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  Boston ;  Cambridge,  3;  Belmont,  6;  Waverlv,  7;  Waltham,  10; 
Stony  Brook,  12;  Weston,  13;  Lincoln,  17;  Concord,  20;  S.  Acton,  25;  W.  Acton, 
27;  Littleton,  31;  Ayer  Junction,  35;  Shirley,  40;  Lunenburg,  -.2;  Leominster, 
46;  Fitchburg,  50.  Vt.  &  Mass.  R.  R.  —  Wachusett,  53;  Westminster,  55;  Ash- 
bmuham,  61 ;  Gardner,  65;  Baldwinville.  71 ;  Rovalston,  77;  Atliol,  83;  Orange, 
Sr,  Wendell,  90;  Erving,  92;  Grout's  Corner,  98;  Montague,  102;  Greenfield,  106; 
ijlielburne  Falls,  119 ;  Charlemont,  128  ;  Zoar,  132 ;  Hoosac  Tunnel,  136. 

Boston  to  Burlington  and  Montreal. 

nontc,  2<).     Page  179.     Fitchburg,  Cheshire,  and  Central  Vt.  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  Boston ;  S.  Acton,  25 ;  Fitchburg,  5f) ;  W.  Fitchburg,  51 ;  West- 
minster, 55;  S.  Ashbuniham,  60;  N.  Aahbumham,  64;  Winchendon,  68  (branch 
to  Petcrboro',  85);  State  Line,  71;  Fitzwilliam,  77;  Troy,  82;  Marlboro',  88;  S. 


i  : 


i  \: 


!0,' 


I   I 

( 


.  ii 


4'- 

11, 

■•■ 

'i. 

J 

lii      •• 

•  s 

1*      • 

;       1 

fi      ?■ 

432 


ITINERARY. 


Keene,  90 ;  Keene,  92  (branch  to  S.  Vernon,  116) ;  E.  Westmoreland,  100  j  West- 
moreland, 104;  Walpole,  110;  Cold  River,  113;  Bellows  Falls,  114.  Central 
Vermont  R.  R.  —  Rockingham,  119;  Bartonsville,  123;  Chester,  127;  Gassett's, 
132;  Cavendish,  136;  Proctorsville,  138;  Ludlow,  141;  Healdville,  147;  Sumiuit. 
148;  Mt.  Holly,  151;  E  Wallingford.  153;  Cuttingsville,  157;  Clarendon,  IGO; 
Rutland,  166;  Sutherland  Falls,  173;  Pittsford,  176;  Brandon,  183;  Leicester 
Junction,  188;  Salisbury,  193;  Middlebury,  199;  Brooksville,  203;  New  Haven, 
207;  Vergennes,  213;  Ferrisburgh,  215;  N.  Ferrisburgh,  218;  Charlotte,  222; 
Shelbui-ne,  227 ;  Burlington,  234 ;  Winooski,  237 ;  Essex  Junction,  242 ;  St.  Al- 
bans, 267 ;  Montreal,  337. 


Butland  to  Bennington. 

Route  27.    Page  184.    Harlem  Extension  R,  R. 

Stations.  —  Rutland ;  Clarendon,  6  M.;  Wallingford,  9;  8.  Wallingford,  13; 
Danby  and  Mt.  Tabor,  18 ;  N.  Dorset,  22 ;  E.  Dorset,  25 ;  Manchester,  30 ;  Sun- 
derland, 36;  Arlington,  39;  Shaftesbury,  44;  S.  Shaftesbury,  49;  N.Bennington, 
51 J  Bennington,  55  (Lebanon  Springs,  81 ;  Albany,  136). 


Butland  to  Albany. 

Route  28.    Page  187.    Rensselaer  &  Saratoga  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Rutland ;  Centre  Rutland,  2;  W.  Rutland,  4;  Castleton,  11; 
Hydeville,  18;  Fairhaven,  21;  Whitehall,  29;  Comstock's,  35;  Fort  Ann,  30; 
Smith's  Basin,  43,  Dunham's  Basin,  48;  Fort  Edward,  51;  Gansevoorts,  57; 
Saratoga,  68;  Ballston,  74;  Mechanicsville,  88;  Albany  Junction,  94  (Troy,  100); 
Waterford,  98 ;  Cohoes,  98 ;  W.  Troy,  101 ;  Cemetery,  103 ;  Albany,  107. 

Rvtland  &  Washington  Division.  —  Rutland ;  Castleton,  11 ;  Poultney,  18;  Middle 
Granville,  24 ;  Granville,  26 ;  Pawlet,  29 ;  Rupert,  36 ;  Salem,  45 ;  Shwhan,  52 ; 
Cambridge,  57 ;  Eagle  Bridge,  63 ;  Troy,  85. 

Boston  to  Lowell,  Concord,  and  Montreal. 

Route  29.    Page  188.    Boston,  Lowell,  <fe  Nashica,  Northern  (N.  ID- 
Central  Vt.,  and  Grand  Trunk  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  Boston ;  W.  Medford,  5  M.;  Winchester,  8;  E.  Woburn,  9  (Stone- 
ham);  Wihiiington,  15;  Billerica.  19;  N.  Billerica,  22 ;  Lowell,  26;  N.  Chelms- 
ford, 29;  Tyiigsboro'  and  Dunstable,  33 ;  Little's,  39;  Nashua,  40;  Thorntim's, 
46;  Reed's,  49;  Goff's  Falls,  53;  Manchester,  57;  Martin's,  62;  Hookset,  CO; 
Suncook,  70 ;  Concord,  75.  Noiihern  (N.  H.)  R.  R.  —  Fisherville,  82 ,  Boscawcn, 
85;  N.  Boscawen,  89;  Franklin,  94  (branch  to  Bristol,  107);  E.  Audover,  lim; 
Potter  Place,  106;  W.  Andover,  108;  Danbury,  114;  Grafton,  119;  Canaan,  1'27: 
Enfield,  134 ;  E.  Lebanon,  136 ;  liCbanon,  140 ;  White  River  Junction,  144, 
Central  Vermont  R.  R.  —  Woodstock,  143;  W.  Hartlord,  152;  Sharon,  i:7;  S. 
Royalton,  162;  Royalton,  164;  Bethel,  169;  Randolph,  176;  Braintree,  18:\ 
Roxbury,  191;  Northfield,  198;  Montpelier  Junction,  2C7  (Montpelier,  205); 
Middlesex,  212;  Waterbury,  217;  Bolton,  225;  Jonesville,  227;  Richmond,  231; 
Williston,  "236 ;  Essex  Jvmction,  240  (Burlington,  248);  Colchester,  244;  Milton, 
251;  Georgia,  255;  St.  Albans,  265;  E.  Swanton,  274;  Highgate  Springs,  27<; 
Province  Line,  282;  St.  Arniand,  283;  Moore's.  286;  Standbridge,  290;  Pes 
Rivieres,  292  ;  St.  Alexandre,  299 ;  St.  John's,  308.  Grand  Trunk  Railway.  U- 
cadie,  315  ;  Brousseau's,  323 ;  St.  Lambert,  328  ;  Montreal,  335. 

Nashua  to  Wilton^    Page  192. 

Nashua;  S.  Merrimack,  5  M. ;  Amherst,  3 ;  Milford,  11;  Wilton,  15;  Lynde| 
boro',  19  ;  Greenlleld,  26. 


ITINERARY. 


433 


e8tmoreland.  lOOj^est- 
,W8  Falls,  114.  Central 
Chester,  127;  Gassetts, 
Healdville,  147;Sunimit 
le  157;  Clarendon,  100, 
Brandon,  183;  Leicester 
isville,  203;  New  Haven 
rh  218;  Charlotte,  222, 
g^'junction.  242;  St.  Al- 


Concord  to  Claremont.    Page  196. 

Concord ;  W.  Concord,  S\ ;  Mast  Yard,  8 ;  Contoocook,  12  (Henniker,  20 ;  Hills- 
boro' Bridge,  27)  j  Dimond's  Corner,  14^ ;  Warner,  18|;  Waterloo,  21;  Roby's 
Corner,  23;  Melvin's  Mills,  25;  Bradford,  27J;  Newbury,  34;  Chandler's,  30i; 
Suaapee,  40  ;  Newport,  43;  North ville,  46;  Kellyville,  48 ;  Claremont,  54^ ;  Clare, 
mont  Junction,  56i-. 

St.  Albans  to  Rich/ord.    Page  206. 

St.  Albans ;  Sheldon,  10  ;  N.  Sheldon,  13 ;  E.  Franklin,  15 ;  Enosbuigh  Falls, 
18 ;  E.  Berkshire,  24 ;  Richford,  28. 


i  ■ 


Boston  to  the  Franoonia  Mts. 


nsion  R.  R- 

rd  9;  8.  Wallingford,13i 
25;  llanchester,  30;Suu- 
>tn'^v.  49;  N.  Bennington, 


sbury,  49 , 
0- 


Saratoga  R.  R- 
Elutland.  4;  Castleton,  H; 
stock's,  35;  Fort  Ann,  i-^, 
^awl    51;  Gansevoorts,  o. ; 
S  Junction.  94  (Troy.  100); 

.orilfp3ne>;Mia.e 
iS;'Salem,45;  Shu-han.SZ, 


Hontreal. 


shiM,  Northern  (N.  IL\ 

\k  R.  Rs- 

Iter  8;B.Wobiirn.9(Ston«- 
22-  Lowell.  26;  N.  Chelim- 

0  'Nashua,  40;  Tho"f"r: 
'Martin's.  62;  Hookset,  Co, 

_iierville,'82,Bosc.m;n. 

itol,  107);  E.  Audovev.     '; 

1  &fton:  119;  Canaan,  U. 
White  River  Junction,  4^ 
'ilbrd,  152;  Sharon,  1.7.  »; 

1^1  1,    176:  Braintree,  1&-; 
S  '2CT  %mitpelier,  20S  ; 

iSle,  227 ;  Richm?"Jj-i^^^^^^^^^^ 
8);  Colchester.  244,  Muu  , 
iU:Highgate  springs,..^ 

b86:    Standbndge,  2^.  ' 
fGnind  Trunk  Railway. -1-' 

Intreal,  335. 


|192. 
Drd 


Route  30.    Page  209. 


",  11 ;  Wilton,  15  ;  Lyude- 


Boston,  Lowell  d'  Nashua,  and  Boston,  Concord  dk 
Montreal  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  Boston  ;  Lowell,  26  ;  Nashua,  40 ;  Manchester,  57 ;  Concord,  75. 
B,,  C.  &  M.  R.  R.  — E.  Concord,  77;  Canterbury,  85;  Northtleld,  88;  Tiltou,  93; 
Union  Bridge,  97  ;  Laconia,  102  ;  Lake  Village,  104;  Weirs,  108;  Meredith,  112  j 
Ashland,  120;  Plvmouth,  126  ;  Ruinney,  134  ;  W.  Rumney,137;  Wentworth,  142 ; 
Warren,  146 ;  E.  Haverhill,  154 ;  Haverhill.  159 ;  N.  Haverhill,  164 ;  Woodsville, 
168  ;  Wells  River,  168;  Bath,  173  ;  Lisbon,'  178  ;  N.  Lisbon,  183  ;  Littleton,  188  ; 
Wing  Road,  195  (Bethlehem,  200;  Twin  Mt.  House,  204;  Fabyan  House,  200); 
Wliitefield,  200 ;  Dalton,  203 ;  S.  Lancaster,  206 ;  Lancaster,  210 ;  Northumber- 
land Falls,  215 ;  Northumberland,  220. 


Boston  to  tlie  Waite  Hountains. 

Route  31.     Page  213.    Eastern  R.  R. 

Stations. — Boston;  Salem,  16  M. ;  Newburyport,  36 ;  Portsmouth,  56;  Con- 
way Junction,  67 ;  S.  Berwick,  69;  Salmon  Falls,  70 ;  Great  Falls,  73  ;  Rochester, 
79;  Hayes,  84;  S.  Milton,  85;  Milton,  87;  Uni<m,  03;  Wolfboro' Junction,  97 
(Wolfboro',  108) ;  Wakefield,  99  ;  E.  Wakefield,  103  ;  N.  Wakefield,  106  ;  Ossipee 
111 ;  Centre  Ossipee,  115  ;  W.  Ossipee,  121 ;  Madison,  125 ;  Conway,  132 ;  N.  Con- 
way, 137. 

Portland  to  Boohester. 

Page  213.    P.  <b  R.  R.  R. 

Stations. -- Portland ;  Morrill's,  2  M.-  Cumberland  Mills,  5;  Sacarappa,  6; 
Gorham,  10;  Buxton  Centre,  15;  Saco  River,  18;  HoUis  Centre,  20;  Centre 
Waterborc',  25;  S.  Waterboro',  28 ;  Alfred,  32;  Spriugvale,  36 ;  E.  Lebanon,  44; 
E.  Rochester.  49  ;  Rochester,  52. 

Boston  to  Cape  Ann. 

Ro\ite  36.    Page  245.    Eafiern  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Boston ;  Beverly,  18  M . ;  Beverly  Farms  ;  Manchester,  24 ;  Glou- 
cester, 33  ;  Roukport,  36. 

Boston    9  Portland. 

Route  37.    Page  248.    Eaetem  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Boston  ;  Somerville,  2 ;  Everett ;  Chelsea,  4  ;  Revere,  5 ;  Lynn, 
11;  Swainpscott,  12;  Salem,  16;  Beverly,  18;  N.  Beverly,  20;  Wenham  and 
Hamilton,  22 ;  Ipswich,  27 ;  Rowley.  31 ;  Newburyport.  86 )  Balisl)ury,  88  ;  Sea- 


I  :  ■ 

■  r 


:!  i 


I  ;  I 


i>v^.% 


"^ 


434 


ITINERARY. 


brook,  42 ;  Hampton,  46  ;  N.  Hampton,  49 ;  Grewnland,  51 ;  i'ortsi  ;<tutli,  56  y  Kit- 
tery,  57i  ;  Elliot,  03  ;  Conway  Junction,  67 ;  S.  Berwick  Junction,  70 ;  N.  Berwick, 
74  ;  Wells,  80;  Kennebunk,  85;  Kennebunkport,  89;  Biddeford,  93  ;  Saco,  U^i; 
W.  Scarboro',  99;  Scarbor>',  101 ;  Cape  Elizabeth,  106;  Portland,  308. 

Salem  to  Lowell. 

Page  255.     Salein  d'  Lowell  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Salem  ;  Carltonville,  1  M. ;  Peabody,  2  :  Proctor'f-  Comer,  4;  W. 
Danvers,  5;  Phelps  Mills,  6;  Paper  Mills,  8;  N.  Reading,  10;  Wilmington,  14; 
Wilmington  Junction,  15  ;  Burtt's,  16;  Tewksbury  Junction,  18  j  Tewksbury,  ID; 
Mace's,  21 ;  Bleachery,  23 ;  Lowell,  24. 

Portsmouth  to  Concord. 

Page  267.    Portsmouth  R.   R. 

Stations.  —  Portsmouth  ;  Greenland,  4  M. ;  Stratham  ;  New  Market  Junction, 
10;  Littletield's ;  Epping,  IS;  W.  Epping;  Raymond,  23;  Candia,  29;  Auburn, 
33 ;  Massabesic,  36 ;  Manchester,  41  ;  Hooksett,  51 ;  Concord,  59. 


Boston  to  Portland. 

Route  38.     Page  275.    Boston  d-  Maine  JL  R. 

Stations.  —  Boston  ;  Charlestown,  1  M. ;  Somerville,  ij  Medford  Junction, 
4  (Medford,  6);  Maiden,  5;  Wyoming,  6;  Melrose.  7;  Stonehtin,  8;  Greenwood, 
9;  Waketield  Junction,  10;  Wakefield,  lOi  ;  Reading:,  12 ;  Wilmington  Junction, 
18;  Ballardvule,  21;  Andover,  23;  S.  Lawrence,  26;  N.  Lawrence,  27;  N.  Ando- 
ver,  28 ;  Bradford,  32 ;  Haverhill,  33  ;  Atkinson,  3',  ;  Tlaistow,  38  ;  Newton,  41 ; 
K  Kingston  Depot,  45 ;  Exeter,  51 ;  S.  Newmarket,  5') ;  Newmarket  Junction, 
58;  Bennett  Road,  60;  Durham,  62;  Madbury,  64;  I)()\-.'r,  68;  Rollinsford,  71 
(Great  Falls,  73);  Salmon  Falls,  72;  S.  Berwick  Junc^on,  74;  N.  Benvick,  78: 
Wells,  85;  Kennebunk,  90 ;  Biddeford,  99 ;  Saco,  100;  Old  Orchard  Beach,  104; 
Blue  Point ;  Scarboro',  109;  Lygonia  ;  Portland,  116. 

iffjr-  '"re  to  Manchester.    Page  279. 

Statlonfir  —  Laivrcio; ;  Mcthuen,  2  M. ;  Messers,  3 ;  Salem,  7 ;  Whidham,  12; 
Derry,  15;  ^Vil^5on's,  IS;  '  ti  Jonderry,  20;  Manchester,  26. 

Laxurence  to  Lowell.    Page  279. 

Stations.  —  N.  Lawrence  ;  S.  Lawrence,  J  M. ;  Haggett's  Pond,  4  ;  Tewksbury 
Junction,  7  ;  Tewksbury,  8  :  Mace's,  10;  Bleachery,  12  ;  Lowell,  13. 

Haverhill  to  Newhuryport.    Page  280. 

Stations.  —  Haverhill;  Bradford,  I;  Haverhill  Bridge,  li;  Groveland,  4i; 
Georgetown,  7^;  Byfield,  10^;  Newburyport,  10^. 

Wakefield  to  Newhuryport.    Page  276, 

Boston  ;  Wakefield  Junction,  10  M.;  Lynnfield  Centre,  13;  W.  Danvers,  16;  Dan- 
vers, 10  ;  Topsfleld,  25  ;  Boxford,  28 ;  Georgetown,  31 ;  Byfield,  34  ;  Newburyport,40, 

Dover  to  Lake  Winnepcsatikee.    Page  282. 

Boston  ;  Dover,  68  M. ;  Gonic,  76;  Rochester,  78  :  Place's,  82;  Farmington,  SO; 
Davia',  90  ;  New  Durham,  92 ;  Alton,  95 ;  Alton  Bay,  96. 

Portland  to  the  White  Mountains. 

Route  39.     Page  284.     Portland  <fc  Ogdettsburg  R.  R. 
Stations.  —  Portland ;  Westbrook,  5  M.  ;  S.  Windham,  U  ;  White  Rock,  IS'A  I 


.-•ty  ■..■*- 


_illlliiWi 


ITirEHARY. 


435 


A'oi'tsi:'>uth,  56-,  Kit- 
,Uion.  70  jN  Berwick 
iddeford.  9^5  Saco,94,; 
i'oitlaud,  10b. 


Proctor's-  Comer,  4 ;  W. 
ing,  10;  Wilmington.  14; 
tioil.lSiTewksbury.Wi 


R. 

m  ■  New  Market  Junction, 
23;  Candia.  29;  Auburn, 
oncord,  59. 


ame  R.  R- 

iUe  >:  Medford  Junction, 
Stonekm,  8;GreemN^|od 
12 :  Wilmington  Junction, 

i.  llxwrence,  27  ;  N   Ando- 
riaistow,  38  ;  Newton  41 
V,  \  Newmarket  Junction 
lV,v,.-r,  68 ;  RoUinsf.ml,  .1 
(•■on    74;  N.  Bei-wick,  ib, 
•  Old  Orchard  Beach,  104; 


Sebago  Lake,  161;  Steep  Palls.  24  J :  Baldwin,  30 ;  W.  Buldwin,  33J ;  Hiram  Bridge, 
30 ;  Brownfleld,  43 ;  Fryeburg,  49 ;  Conway  Centre,  55 ;  N.  Conway,  60  ;  Glen  Road, 
66 ;  Upper  Bartlett,  72 ;  Bemis,  80. 

Portland  to  Quebec  and  Montreal. 

Route  40.     Page  287.     Orand  Trunk  Raihoay. 

Stations.  —  Portland ;  Fafmouth,  5  M. ;  Cumberland,  9;  Yarmouth,  11 ;  Yar- 
mouth Junction,  12;  Pownal,  18;  New  Gloucester,  22;  Danville  Junction,  27 ; 
Mechanic  Falls,  36;  Oxford,  4i  :  S.  Paris,  47;  W.  Paris,  55;  Locke's  Mills,  65 ; 
Bethel,  70;  Gilead,  80;  Shelburne,  86;  Gorham,  91 ;  Berlin  Falls,  98;  Milan.  103; 
Groveton  (Northumberland),  122;  N.  Stratford,  134  ;  Wenlock,  142 ;  Island  Pond, 
149;  Norton  Mills,  166;  Coaticooke,  175 ;  Richbv,  179;  Coniiiton,  183  ;  Lennox- 
ville,  193;  Sherbrooke,  196;  Windsor.  211 ;  Richmond,  221  (Quebec  Bruncli);  New 
Durham,  231 ;  Acton,  243;  Upton,  249  ;  Britannia  Mills,  255  ;  St.  Hvacinthe,  262; 
Soixante,  269:  St.  Hilaire,  275;  St.  Briuio,  282;  St..  Hubert,  287;  St.  Lambert, 
292 ;  Montreal,  297. 

Quebec  Branch.     Page  290. 

Portland;  Richmond,  221  M. ;  Danville,  233;  Warwick,  246;  Arthabaska,  253; 
Stanfold,  262;  Somerset,  268  ;  Becancour,  276 ;  Lyster,  280  ;  Methot's  Mills,  289  ; 
Black  River.  297 ;  Craig's  Road,  302  ;  Chaudierc  Curve,  309 ;  Hadlow,  315 ;  Quebec 
(Point  Levi),  317. 

Portland  to  Farmington. 

Route  41.    Page  291.    Androscoggin  Division,  Eastern  d:  Maine  Cen- 
tral R.  R. 

Stations. — Portland;  Brunswick,  29  M. ;  Lisbon  Falls,  37;  Lisbon,  41; 
Crowley's,  43  (Lewiston,  48);  Sabattisville,  48 ;  Leeds  Junction,  55;  Curtis  Cor- 
ner, 60  ;  Leeds  Centre,  62;  N.  Leeds,  65;  StriclcJand's  Ferry,  67  ;  E.  Llvermore, 
70 ;  Livermore  Falls,  75  ;  Jay  Bridge,  77  ;  N.  Jay,  81 ;  Wilton,  84 ;  E.  Wilton,  87 ; 
Farmington,  92  (Raugely  Lakes,  132  M.). 


tf 


1  11 


ii 


\  t 


'p 


279. 
3;Salem,  7;  Windham,  12; 

26. 

79- 

ggetfs  Pond,  4  ;  Tewksbury 

]2 ;  Lowell,  13. 

te  280. 
Bridge,  U;    Groveland,  4„ 


k  276. 

L  13;  W,  Danvers,16;13aii- 

kyflelci,  34  ;  Newburyporl,.0. 

\age  282. 
-lace's,  82;  Farmington,  Sb, 

I  96. 


Lntains. 

idensburg  R-  R- 

Iham,  11 ;  White  Rock,  13.i 


Portland  to  the  Upper  Kennebec. 

Route  42.     Page  293.    E.  &  M.  C.  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Portland ;   Brunswick,  29;  Gardiner,  56;  Waterville,  81;  Pair- 
field,  84;  Pishon  Ferry,  92  ;  Skowhegan,  100. 

Bangor  to  Gnilford. 

Page  295.     Bangor  &  Piscataquis  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Bangor ;  Oldtown,  12i;  Pea  Cove,  17;  Bennoch  Road,  19J ;  Al- 
ton, 21 ;  Penny's,  25  ;  S.  Lagrange,  27  ;  Lagrange,  31  ;  Omey\-i'le,  34  ;  Milo,  4C 
S.  Sebec,  45| ;  E.  Dover,  50 ;  Dover  and  Foxcroft,  52i ;  Low's  h.  idge,  57 ;  Sauge 
\-me,59i;  Guilford,  61. 


40; 
r- 


Fortland  to  Eockland. 

Route  44.    Page  297.    Maine  Central  and  Knox  d'  Lincoln  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  Portland  ;  Brunswick,  29  ;  Bath,  42;  Woolwich,  43.  Knox  & 
Lincoln  R.  R,  —  Nequas8et,45  ;  Montsweag,  48^  ;  Wiscasset,  53  ;  N  w  Castle  and 
Damariscotta,  60  ;  Damariscotta  Mills,  62;  Nobleboro',  65;  Winsh' s  Mills,  70; 
Waldoboro',  72;  Warren,  79 ;  Georges  River,  84^  ;  Thomaston,  87;  iwockland,  91. 


'  H 


'   .1 

■i!! 
I 


I  ' 


Ii 

I    1 

II 


'<^o 


436 


ITINERARY. 


Portland  to  Lewiston  and  Bangor. 


Rmde  46.     Page  307.     Eastern  d:  Maine  Central  Jt.  R. 

Stations^  —  Portland;  Cumberland,  12;  New  Gloncester;  Danville  Junction, 
29 ;  Auburn,  33 ;  Lewiston.  35 ;  Greene, 4:< ;  Ijceds,  40 ;  Monmouth,  49 ;  Wintlirni>, 
65;  Readfield,  01 ;  Belgrade,  69  ;  West  Waterviile,  78 ;  Waterville,  84  ;  Burnham, 
97;  Newport,  111;  Bangor,  138. 


Portland  to  Augusta  and  Bangor. 

Route  47.     Page  309.    Eastern  <f?  Maine  Central  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  Portland ;  Woodford's;  Westbrook,  5;  Cumberland,  12;  Yar- 
mouth, 17  ;  Freeport,  22  ;  Oalc  Hill ;  Brunswick  29  ;  Topsham  ;  Bowdoinliiim  ; 
Richmond,  40;  Gardiner,  50;  Hallowell,  01;  Augusta,  03  ;  Riverside,  75  ;  V.is- 
salboro' ;  Win8low,81;  Waterville,  81;  Benton,  87;  Clinton,  92;  Burnham,  97 ; 
Pittsfleld,  104;  Detroit;  Newport,  111;  E.  Newport;  Etna,  119;  Carmel.  \i'i\ 
Hermou  Pond,  128  ;  Bangor,  138. 

Bangor  to  St.  John. 

Route  49.     Page  318.     European  d>  North  American  R.  Jt. 

Stations.  —  Bangor ;  Veazie,  5;  Basin  Mills,  7^;  Sidney,  8:  Orono,  8J  ;  Web- 
ster, 8i;  Great  Worlcs,  11^;  Oldtown,  12} ;  Milford,  13;  Costigan,  18;  Green- 
bush,  23;  Olamon,  27;  Passadurakeag,  30;  Enfield,  86;  Lincoln,  45;  Lincoln 
Centre,  46  ;  Wiun,  50  ;  Mattawamkea",  58  ;  Kingman,  CO ;  Bancroft,  79  ;  Danfortli, 
88  ;  Jackson  Brook,  93;  Eaton,  102  ;  Wildeniess,  107  ;  liambert  Lake,  109 ;  Vame- 
boro,  114;  St.  Croix,  115;  Me  Adam  Junction,  120;  Maguadavick,  129 ;  Harvcv, 
139;  Cork,  144;  Tracy,  li!^";  Fredericton  Junction,  100;  Blissville,  164;  Hojt, 
167  ;  Enniskillen,  170  ;  Gaspereaux,  173  ;  Clarendon,  176  ;  Welsford,  180  ;  Neiepis, 
186;  Westfleld,  190;  Grand  Bay,  19^'  ;  Sutton,  198;  South  Bay  199;  Fairville, 
202 ;  Carleton,  205 ;  St.  John,  206. 


The  New  Brunswick  Border. 

Route  50.    Page  321.     New  Brunswick  <k  Canada  R.  R. 

Stations.  —  St.  Andrews  ;  Ohamcook,  6  M.  ;  Bartlett's,  11 ;  Waweig,  13  ;  Roix 
Road,  15 ;  Hewitt's,  19;  Rolling  Dam,  20;  Dumbarton,  24;  Watt  Junction,.'" 
(branch  to  Meadows,  from  Watt,  4  M. ;  Moore's  Mills,  11 ;  Maxwell,  14  ;  St.  Ste- 
phens and  Calais,  19);  Lawrence,  29;  Barber  Dam,  34;  McAdam  Junction, «; 
Deer  Lake,  59;  Canterbury,  65 ;  Benton,  75;  Wickham,80;  Debee  Junction,  S3 
(Greenville,  87;  Houlton,  91);  Hodgdon,  91 ;  Woodstock,  94. 


Worcester  to  Mount  Wachusett. 

Boston,  Barre  <fc  Gardner  P.  R. 

fe';ations.  —  Worcester ;  Lincoln  Square,  1  M.  ;  Barbers,  3  ;  N.  Worcester,  4^; 
Clir.lfm's,  6;  Holden,  8;  Jefferson's,  9i ;  North  Woods,  11 ;  Brook,  13 ;  Priuee 
ton,  16 ;  Hubbardston,  20 ;  Waites,  23  ;  Gardner,  26 ;  Winchendon,  36. 


Montpelier  to  Wells  Biver. 

Page  200.    M.  d-  W.  R.  R.  R. 

StatlonH.  —  Montpelier  ;  E.  Montpelier,  6  M. ;  Plainfleld,  :0 ;  MarshlleW,  IJ': 
Kinney's  Mills,  17^;  Summit,  20;  Peabody  Station,  21^;  Bicker's  Mill>,  ■^'' 
Groton,  2SJ ;  S.  Ryegate,  32;  Boltonville,  34i ;  Wells  River,  38. 


ITINERAKY. 


437 


W.  Concord  to  Hyde  Park. 

Portland  and  Ogdensburgh  R.  R. 

Stations*  —  W.  Concord ;  E.  St.  Johnsbury,  4  M. ;  St.  Johnsbury,  8;  Danville, 
20;  VV.  Danville,  23  ;  Walden,  28;  Greensboro,  36;  E.  Hardwick,  39  ;  Ilardwicli, 
43;  Wolcott,  49 ;  Morrisville,  57  ;  Hyde  Parli,  60. 

New  York  to  Albany. 

Route  52.     Page  340.     The  Hudson  River  R.  R.  or  Steamboats. 

Stations*  —  Grand  Central  Depot;  Spuyten  Duyvil,  11  M. ;  Riverdale,  12; 
Mt.  St.  Vincient,  13  ;  Yonkers,  14^  ;  Hasting.s,  19  ;  Dobbs'  Ferry,  20  ;  Irvington, 
22;  Tarrytown  (and  Nvack),  25;  Scarborough,  29;   Sing  Sing,  30;  Croton,  34; 

j  Cruger's,  37  ;  Montrose,  38  ;  Teekskill,  41 ;  Fort  Montgomery,  45  ;  Garrison's  (West 
Poiui),  49;  Cold  Spring,  52 ;  Cornwall  Station,  54;  L).  &  C.  Junction,  57 ;  Fish- 
kill  (Xewburgh),  58;  Low  Point,  62;  New  Hamburgh,  64;  Milton  Ferry,  69; 
Poughkeepsie,  73  ;  Hyde  Park,  78  ;  Staatsburgh,  83  ;  Riiinebeck,  88  ;  Barrytown, 
04;  Tivoli,98;  Germantown,  104;  Livingston,  107  ;  Catskill  Station,  109;  Hud- 

Ison,  114;  Stockport,  118  ;  Coxsackie,  121  ;  Stuyvesant,  123;  Schodack,  129;  Cas- 
tleton,  133;  E.  Albany,  141^;  Albany  142;  Troy,  148. 


4 


der. 

<t  Canada  R.  R- 

lett'8.11;  Waweig,13;R<^« 

ton  24;  Watt  Junction,  i, 

■^   ll';  Maxwell,  14;  St.  Stc- 

34;  McAdain  Junction, 4i. 

„.„   RO!  Debec  Junction,  w 


Albany  to  Montreal. 

[Route  53.    Page  350.     Rensselaer  cfc  Saratoga  and  Central  Vt.  R.  Rs. 

Stations.  —  Albany  ;  Cemetery,  4  M.  ;  W.  Troy,  6 ;  Cohoes,  9  ;  Waterford,  11 ; 
Ijunction  12  (here  the  Albany  Division  joins  the  main  line,  coming  from  Troy,  6 
IM.  distant) ;  Mechanicsville,  18;  Round  Lake,  24;  Ballston,  32;  tiarato.a,  38; 
JGansevoort's,  49 ;  Moreau,  54  ;  Fort  Edward,  55  (branch  to  Glen's  Falls,  in  6  M.) ; 
Ipunliam's  Basin,  58;  Smith's  Basin,  63;  Fort  Ann,  67;  c'omstock'.s,  71  ;  Vhite- 
pU  (Junction,  77  ;  Lake  Champlain,  79);  F^irliavcn,  85;  Hydeville,88;  istle- 
hon,!)5;  W.  Rutland,  102;  Centre  Rutland.  104;  Rutland,  l6(>.  Stations  ,n  the 
Tentral  Vermont  R.  R.  —  Rutland,  106  M.  from  Albany ;  Sutherland  Falls,  113; 
Pittsfoid,  116 ;  Brandon,  123;  Leicester  Junction,  128;  Salisbury,  133  ;  Middle- 
fcurj-,  139 ;  Brooksville,  143  ;  New  Haven,  147  ;  Vergennes,  1545 ;  Ferrisburgli,  155  ; 
K.  Ferrisburgh,  158  ;  Charlotte,  162  ;  Shelburne,  107  ;  Buriinptoi',  174  ;  Wiiiooski, 
1";  Essex  Junction,  182;  Colchester,  136 ;  Milton,  193 ;  G  or^^ia,  197;  St.  Al- 
'  ns,  207  ;  St.  John's,  250 ;  Montreal,  277. 


^ 


I  i 


|M  Head  C 
I  'I  Jft.,  K. 
I<l»'in,  Me 
fljii'dvale, 
'■^toD  Hm 
?oi',  Me. 
ntani  Lak( 


r 


[See  also  Supplementary  Index,  on  pages  448  and  449. 


Mington.  Mass.  SI. 
|<\it()ii,  Mass.  VIQ. 
Lilanis.  Mt.  236. 
iiklison,  Vt.  1S4. 
Jdiroiulacks.     Routes     to 
the  357.  364.  365,  367. 
k'amenticns,  Mt  267. 
Albany  Basins,  Me.  288. 

laiiv.  N.  Y.  348,  142. 
^Iburtrli  Springs,  Vt.  207. 
klfred,  Me.  213. 
\\m  Bay,  N.  H.  218,  2S2. 
Kmlierst,  Mass.  100,  162. 
kiniierst,  N.  H.  192. 
pnionoosnc  Falls  233, 
Mulover,  Mass.  276. 
[nnandale,  N.  Y.  347. 
[nnisqiiam,  Mass.  247. 
[nson,  Me.  294. 
[iisonia,  Conn.  111. 
Intliony's  Nose  344,  360. 
lrliiio;ton,  Vt  185. 
[rrowsio,  Me.  297. 
[rtl)al)usl<a,  Can.  290. 
Irtliur's  Seat,  Mass.  178. 
litists'  Falls,  N.  H.  225. 
Irtists'  Ledge,  N.  H.  225. 
Isoutney,  Mt.  166. 
Ishlninihani,  Mass.  177. 
j'liford,  Conn.  US. 
V  land,  N.  H.  210. 
lsi.iey  Falls,  Mass.  115. 

pnwainsett  Pond  54. 

bens,  N.  Y.  348. 

Iihiim.  Me.  308. 
|i!,'iista.  Me.  311. 

I  Sable  Chasm  367. 

oil,  Conn.  109. 
lei' June,  Mass.  176,105. 
rlnier  Lake,  Can.  290. 

IM  Head  Cliff,  Me.  207. 
iMMt.,  N.  H.  239. 
IWwin,  Me.  285. 
iHartlvale,  Mass.  276. 
Illston  Spa,  N.  Y.  350. 
|ngor,  Me.  315,  318. 
ntani  Lake,  Conn.  112. 


INDEX. 


Bar  Harbor,  Me.  303,  304. 

f^amet,  Vt.  169. 

Barton,  Vt.  171. 

Bash  Bish  Falls  122,  153. 

Basin,  the  240. 

Uath,  Me.  297. 

Bath,  N.  H.  211, 

Bay.  Belfast  317. 

Boston  20. 

T'lrlington  365. 

i>    ;zarcl's  58,  92. 

Casco  274. 

Frenchman's  304. 

Fiindy  321. 

Ha  Ha  3S6. 

Missl^quoi  207. 

Nan-agansett  65. 

Narraguagus  307. 

New  York  48.  329. 

Passaniaquoddy  322. 

Penobscot  302,  316. 

St.  Albans  205. 
Bay  View,  Mass.  247. 
Bearcamp,  N.  H.  220. 
Becket,  Mass.  143. 
Beecher's  Falls,  N,  H.  232. 
Beeoh  Mt.,  Me.  306. 
Belchertown,  Mass.  100. 
Belfast,  Me.  317. 

Bellows  Falls,  Vt.  164,  181. 
Beloeil  Mt.,  Can.  208. 
Bennington,  Vt.  186. 
Berkshire  Hills  142. 
Berkshire    Soda    Springs, 

Mass.  152. 
Berlin,  Conn.  140. 
Berlin  Falls,  N.  H.  289. 
Bernardston,  Mass.  164. 
Berry  Pond,  Mass,  145. 
Bethel,  Me.  288. 
Bethel.  Vt.  200. 
Bethlehem,  N.  H.  234. 
Bf  verlv,  Mass.  245,  256. 
Biddeford,  Me.  269,  283. 
Billerica,  Mass.  189. 
Billington  Sea  53. 
Birmingham,  Conn.  111. 
Black  Rher  Falls  165,  181. 


Black  Rock,  Conn.  85. 
Hlackstone,  Mass.  93, 117. 
Blackwell's  Id.,  N.  Y.  47 

Bloody  Brook,  Mass.  162. 
Bliu'  ilill,  Mass.  62. 
Blue  Hill,  Me.  303. 
Boar's  Head,  N.  H.  262, 
Bolton  Falls,  Vt.  204, 
Bolton  Notch,  Conn.  94. 
Bolton,  N.  Y.  359. 
Boone  Id.,  Me.  267. 
Bootlibay,  Me.  299. 
Boscawcn,  N.  H.  197. 
Boston,  Mass.  5. 

Athenseum  17 

Cathedral  20. 

Christ  Church  10. 

City  Hall  11. 

Common  15. 

Copp'8  Hill  9. 

Custom  House  10. 

Faneuil  Hall  10. 

First  Church  16. 

Horticultural  Hall  13. 

Hospital  19, 

King's  Chapel  13. 

Museum  15, 
Music  Hall  13, 
Natural  History    Build 

ing  16, 
New  Post-Offlce  12, 
Odd  Fellows  Hall  19, 
Old  South  Church  11. 
Old  State  House  10. 
Public  Gardens  16. 

State  House  17. 

U.  S.  Court  House  13. 
Boston  Light  23. 
Boterberg,  N.  Y.  345. 

Bowdoin  College  310. 
Boxford,  Mass.  276. 
Bradford,  Mass.  280. 
Bradford.  N.  H.  190. 
Braintree,  Mass.  38. 
Braintree,  Vt.  20 1). 


\    I 


[■: 


.•; 


i\ 


.  f-  .    .'i 

'i 


!■•    I 


■i  i 


1mm 


i 


i'i^A 'i^i 


i   '\- 

.  '';l^ 

'S  &. -"  ! 

' 

^Bl^QI 

'■■■\ 

1  r      ■■  ! 

H^^ 

\\  lid-.  1  .it 

^^Hl 

i 

MM. 

440 

Brandon.  Vt.  182. 
Bianford,  Conn.  76. 
BrattlelHjro',  Vt.  108. 
lirt'akiieck  Hill  345. 
Brevvgter,  Mn.ss.  56. 
Bridgeport,  Conn.  85,  111. 

Bridgton,  Me.  285. 
Bridport,  Vt.  184. 
Brighton,  Mas.s.  35,  124. 
Brindleld,  Muss.  130,99,117 
Bii.stol,  Mc.  21»9. 
Bristol.  N.  II.  198. 
Bristol,  R.  I.  00. 
BrisUd,  Vt.  184. 
Brookfield.  Conn.  114. 
Brooktleld,  Mass.  180. 
Brookline,  Mass.  35. 
Brooklyn,  Conn.  118. 
Brooklyn.  N.  Y.  48,  339. 

City  Hall,  33». 

Cypress  Hills  340. 

Greenwood  340. 

Navy  Yard  839. 

Prospect  Pai-k  339. 
Brownfield,  Me.  285. 
Brown  University  04. 
Brunswick,  Me.  297,  309. 
Bryant's  Pond,  Me.  288. 
Backhand,  Mass.  178a. 
Bucksport,  Me.  318. 
Bunker  Hill,  25. 
Burlington,  Vt.  184,  365. 
Burnhani,  Me.  314. 
Burnside,  Conn.  94. 

Buxton,  Me.  213. 
Buzzards  Bay  58,  92. 

Cacouna.  Can.  385. 
Calais,  Me  322. 
Caldwell,  N.  Y.  357. 
Cambridge,  Mass.  29. 
Camden,  Me.  317. 
Camel's  HumpMt.,  Vt.  203. 
Camel's  Rumi)  Mt.,Me.289. 
Campo  Bello  Id.,.N.  B.322. 
Cunipton,  N.  H.  242. 
Canaan,  Conn.  115. 
Canaan,  N.  H.  198. 

Canton.  Me.  287. 
Cap  Rouge,  Can.  383. 
Cap  Tourmente,  Can.  3*^5, 
Cape  Ann,  245.  [402. 

Cod  54. 

Elizabetli,  Me.  273. 

Eternity,  Can.  386. 

Neddick,  Me.  267. 

Porpoise,  Me.  268. 

Rosier,  Me.  303. 

Trinity,  Caii.  386. 
Carolina,  R.  I.  70. 


INDEX. 


Casco  Bay  274. 
Castine,  Me;  302,  317. 
Castle  Id.,  Mass.  22. 
Castleton,  Vt.  187. 
Cathedral  Ledge  224. 
Catskill  Mts.,  N.  Y.  347. 
Cave,  Arlington  185. 

Clarendon  182. 

Dorset  185. 

Salisbury  123. 
Cedarincre,  L.  I.  340. 
Centre  Harbor,  N.  H.  210. 
Cliabonakongkomou    Luke 

104. 
Cbambly.  Can.  208. 
Cliamplain,  Lake  301. 
Charleniont,  Mass.  17Ra. 
Charlcsbourg,  Can.  384. 
Charles  Id.,  Conn.  84. 
Charlestown,  Mass.  24. 
Charlcsto\vn,  N.  H.  105. 
Chateau  Bigot,  Can.  884. 
Chdteau  Richer,  Can.  385. 
Chatham,  N.  Y.  142. 
Chaudi^re  Falls  383. 
Chelsea,  Mass.  27,  249. 
Cheshire,  Conn.  109. 
Cheshire,  Mass.  158. 
Chester,  Vt.  181. 
Chesterlield,  N.  H.  103. 180. 
Chestnut  Hill,  Mass.  35. 
Chesuncook  Lake,  296. 
Chicopee,  Mass.  157. 
Chicoutimi,  Can.  386. 
China,  Mc.  313. 
Chocorua.  Mt.  214, 21.5. 221. 
Claremont,  N.  H.  197. 
Clarendon  Springs  182, 187. 
Clear  Stfcani  Meadows  244. 
Clermont,  N.  Y.  847. 
Clinton,  Mass.  105,  126. 
Clinton,  Mt.  235. 
Cohasset.  Mass.  48. 
Cohoes,  N.  Y.  350. 
Colchester,  Vt.  204. 
ICold  Spring,  N.  Y.  345. 
'Colebrook.'^N.  H.  243,  289. 
Coleraine  Goi-ge  178. 
Collinsville,  Conn.  109. 
Columbia  Springs  348. 
Concord,  Mass.  28. 
Concoixl,  N.  H.  194. 
Coney  Id.,  N.  Y.  340. 
Connecticut  Lake  245. 

Conway,  N.  H.  214. 
Conway  June,  Mc.  268. 
Copple  Crown  Mt.  218. 
Cornwall,  Conn.  115. 
Cotuit  Port,  Ma.ss.  55. 
Cranston,  R.  I.  C5. 
Crawford  House  230.  231. 
Crotou  River,  N.  Y.  343 


Crown   Point,   N.  Y.  UW, 

183. 

Croydon.  N.  H.  197. 
Crystal  Cascade,  N.  II.  'J:'7. 
Crystal  Lake,  Vt.  171. 
Cuiumington,  Mass.  no, 
Cusliing's  Id  ,  Mc.  li74. 
Cuttyhunk  Id.,  Mass.  ;)2. 

Oalton,  Mass.  144. 
Halton,  N.  H.  212. 
Daniariscotta,  Mc.  -JHO, 
Danbnry,  Conn.  l)(i. 
Danielsonvillc,  C'niii.  US, 
Danville,  Can.  2',)ii. 
Danville  June,  Me.  W. 
Dartmouth  College  100. 
Dartmouth.  Mass.  '.•'2. 
Daysville,  Conn.  IIK. 
Debec,  N.  B.  323. 
Dedham,  Mass.  117. 
Dcerfielcl  Gorge  \1>\\. 
Dcerflcid,  Mass.  1(13, 
Deer  Id..  Mass.  20. 
Deer  Isle,  Me.  303. 
Denmark,  Me.  2S.'i. 
Derby,  Conn.  111. 
Deny,  N.  H.  279. 
Devil's  Dance  ChaiiiberSW  | 

Diamond  Id.,  Mc.  274. 
Diamond  Id.,  N.  IT.  217, 
Diamond  Id.,  N.  V.  3js. 
Dighton,  Mass.  30. 
Dix  Id.,  Me.  301,  :;;i2, 
Dixville  Notch,  N.  H,  1\i\ 
Dobbs'  Fen-y,  N.  V.  'M. 
Dome  Id.,  N.  Y.  35!!. 
Dorchester,  Mass.  %. 
Double  Beach,  Coiiu, "', 
Dover,  Me.  295. 
Dover,  N.  H.  281. 
Duck  Id.,  N.  H.  266. 
Dunderbei-g,  N.  Y.  343, 
Dunmore  Lake,  Vt.  183, 
Durham,  N.  H.  281. 
Duxoury,  Mass.  50. 

Eagle  Cliff,  N.  H.  239, 
Eagle  Lake,  Me.  305. 
E.  Andover,  N.  H,  198 
E.  Hartford,  Conn.94,13S 
E.  Haven,  Conn.  77. 
E.  Rock.  Conn.  S3. 
Eastem    Townshii^,  Cii 

174. 
Easthani,  Mass.  50. 
Easthampton,  .Mass.  IW] 
Eastpoit,  Me.  322. 
Echo  Lakes,  223,  238, 
Edgai-fowu,  Mass.  (jO, 
Egreniont,  Mass  153. 
Elgin  S'siny,  Vt.  184' 


INDEX. 


441 


'Crown  Point,  N.  Y.  364, 

Croydon.  N.  H.  IftV 
Crystal  CaHcade,  N.  II.  ?2:, 
Crystal  Lake,  Vt.  171. 
Cuiuniin^ton,  Mass.  jH). 
CuHliinjj's  Id  ,  Me.  -74. 
ICuttyliunk  Id,,  Muss.  U2. 

Dalton,  Mass.  144. 
Dalton.  N.  11.  'iV^- 
Daiiuiriscotta,  Me.  :;'.»'.l 
UanVniry,  Ci>iin.  1H>. 
DanielsDMvilk",  Cniiii.  US. 
Dauvillf,  Can.  2W. 
Danville  Juiic,  Mc  -ST. 
Dartmouth  College  100. 
Dartmouth.  Mass.  '.''2. 
Daysville,  Conn.  IIH. 
Debec,  N.  B.  323. 
Dedham,  Mass.  117. 
peerfield  Gorge  17^i. 
iDeerHeld,  Mass.  I(i3. 

Deer  Id.,  Mass.  20. 

Deer  Isle.  Me.  303, 

Denmark,  Me.  28j. 

Derby,  Conn.  111. 

Derrv.  N.  H.  279. 

Devil's  Dance  Chamber  3« 


55. 


180. 


'Diamond  Id.,  Me.  274. 
'Diamondld.,N.  11.217 


221, 

187, 
244, 


289, 


l3l. 
13 


Diamond  Id.,  N.  i-  J^*- 
[Dighton,  Mass.  30. 
Dix  Id.,  Me.  301,  .U2. 
Dixville  Notch  ^.H» 
Dobbs*  Fen-y,  N.  \ .  M^ 
Domeld.,  N,Y,  :io;>. 
Dorchester,  Mass.  .i«.  _ 
Double  Beach,  Coiin.  /i. 
Dover,  Me.  295. 
'Dover,  N.  H.  281. 
DuckId..N.H.2C6 

Dunderbeii?,  >••).•  7.^; 
Dunmore  Lake,  N  t.  !!»• 
Durham.  N.  H.  281. 
Duxuury,  Mass.  50. 

lEagleCliff.N  H» 

;  Eagle  Lake.  Me.  .05 
T..Andover.  N.H.I 
E  Hartford,  Coim.sW.w 
E.  Haven,  Conn.  77. 
E.  Rock.  Conn.  83. 
Eastern    Townslni's,  u 

174. 
Eastham,  Mas     .'<)■ 
Easthampton,  \!ass.  iw. 
Eastport,  Me.  322. 
Echo  Lakes.  225,  2   . 
Edgartowu,  Mass.  w. 
Egremont,  Mass  loJ' 
Elgin  B'-ving,  Vt.  1^' 


I  Klliot,  Me.  268. 
i;iUvoith.  Mp.  318. 
Eiitlflil,  Conn.  133. 
Kiilield,  N.  H.  103. 
EiiKlt'Wortd,  N.  .1.  341. 
Lrnil.  N.  H.  214,  2.S!). 
Evsex  .Iimc,  Vt.  204. 
Essex.  Ma.ss.  257. 
Essex.  N.  Y.  3tj.'>. 
Eventt,  M;iss.  240. 
Exeter,  N.  II.  280. 

iFabvan  House,  N.  H.  233, 

'2:14. 

\YmUK,  Vt.  204. 
Kuilielil,  Conn.  80. 
|F.iirliiiven,  Conn  83. 
iFaiihiiveii,  Mas.s.  01. 
lEmiiaveii,  Vl.  1,S8, 
|F:i!iiee,  Vt,  168. 
If.iII  iliver,  Mass.  39. 
iFills,  .Vrtists'  225. 
iFalls  Village,  Conn.  115, 

Basil  Dish  122,  153. 

Burl  in  229. 

Biaek  Iliver  105,  181. 

BmIIou  204. 

Cliniidiere  383. 

1.^  .Mile  169. 

Foxwell's  283. 

Geurgeannu  211. 

Giblis's  232. 

Glen  Ellis  227. 

Glens  350. 

Gooilricli  225. 

Grand  323,  385. 

Grand  Mer'  374. 

Housatonic.  115. 

Jackson  226. 

Liverniore  210. 

Lnwer  Annnonoosnc  233. 
i  Moiitiuorenci  384. 

N'lirton's  122. 

1  Runiford  288. 

Saco  2()0. 

Screw  Anger  289. 

Sliawimegan  ,374. 

I  Ste.  Anne  384. 

lit.  Fere.ol  385, 

I  .Sutherland  182. 

Thomiison's  220. 

Turner's  178. 

1  Yantir.  96. 

Plmouth,  Mass.  53. 

prDiinKton.  Conn.  109. 

prmiUKton,  Mc,  201, 

Nnijrton,  N.  H.  282. 

Naburgh,  Vt.  184. 

pier's  Id.,  N.  Y.  73. 

f  lerviUe,  N.  H.  197. 

Tshl(ill-on-the-Hudson  345 

Itilibiir-,',  Mass.  170. 

Itzwilliain,  N.  H.  180. 


Florence.  Mans.  110.  160. 
Fltnno.  the,  N.  H.  240. 
Flinne,  the,  Vt.  171. 
Flnsldn«.  L.  I.  47,  340. 
Forest  Hills,  .35. 
Fort  Ann,  N.  V.  350. 

Clinton,  N.  V.  344. 

Ldward,  N.  Y.  355. 

Fiiirlleld.  .Me.  323 

Hfdifax.  Me   314. 

Hill,  Conn.  72. 

Kent.  Me.  324. 

Lee,  N.  Y.  311. 

Massiicliuselts  150. 

Alont.nomery  (new)  207. 

Montgomery  (old)  344. 

Point,  Me..  317. 

I'reblc.  Me.  274. 

Tieondero-a  183,  362. 

Warren,  Mas^.  23. 

Washington,  N.  Y  341. 

M'illiam  Henry  :{56. 

Wooster,  Conn  83. 
14-iV.ile  Id..  N.  Y.  ;i50. 
Foxcrol't,  Me.  295. 
Franiingham,  .Mass,  120. 
Fruneestown,  X.  II.  192. 
Franeoni.i  .Mts  2:iS. 
Franldin,  Mass.  117. 
Franklin,  ,Mt.  236. 
Franklin,  N.  H.  107. 
Fredericton,  N.  13.  319. 
Freeport,  .Me.  309. 
Fresli  Pond,  Mass.  34. 
Fryeburg,  Me.  285. 

Gagetown,  N.  B.  320. 
Gardiner,  Me.  311. 
Gardner,  Mass.  177. 
Garnet  Pools.  N.  H.  227. 
Gaspee  Point,  R.  I.  05. 
Gay  Head,  Mass.  60. 
{>eorf,'eanna  Falls,  241. 
George,  Lake  357. 
Georgetown,  Mass.  270. 
Georgetown,  Me.  207. 
Georgeville,  Can.  173. 
Georgia,  Vt  204. 
Giant's  Grave,  N.  H.  233. 
Gibbs'  Falls,  X.  H.  232. 
Gilead,  Me,  228,  289. 
Glenbnrn,  Me.  316. 
Glen  Ellis  Falls,  N.  H.  227. 
Glen  House,  X.  H.  226,  23.5. 
Glens  Falls,  N.  Y.  356. 
Gloucester,  Mass.  245. 
Go(Klrich  Falls,  N.  H.  225. 
Gorham,  Me.  213. 
Gorhani,  N,  H.  227,  280. 
Governor's  Id.,  Mas.s  20. 
Governor's  M.,N. Y. 329, 48. 
Grafton,  Mass.  120. 
Grafton,  N.  H.  198. 


Oranby,  Conn.  in?). 
Grand  Falls,  N.  M.  323.  384 
Grand  Menan  Id.  322. 
Gran  I  Schoodic  Lake  319. 
Granville,  Vt  200. 
Great  Harrinu'ton  1.52. 
Great  Falls.  X.  II.  21.3. 
Great  (inlf.  X.  H.  235. 
(Jreat  Ile.id.  Me.  304. 
Greenlleld  Hill,  Conn.  80. 
Greenlield,  Mass.  177. 
Greenland,  X.  H.  203. 
Green  Mt.,  Me.  305. 
Green  .Mts.,  Vt.  182,  199. 
Greenville,  Me.  200. 
(Greenwiuli,  Conn.  89. 
|Green\vicli,  R   I.  (>7. 
Greylock,  Mass,  1.53. 
JGroton,  Conn.  72,  73. 
jCJroton,  Mass.  105. 
Groton.  Vt.  100. 
Grout's  Corner,  Mass.  177. 
Grove  Hall.  Mass.  36. 
Guilford,  Conn.  70. 

Haddam.  Conn.  106. 
Hadlev.  Mass.  161. 
Hague,  N.  Y.  360. 
Ha  Ha  Bav.  Can.  388. 
H.nley's  Id.,  Me.  200. 
Hallo  well,  Me.  311. 
Haniden,  Conn.  103. 
Hamilton,  Mass.  257. 
H.ampdeu,  Me.  313 
Hampton.  N.  H   202. 

Beach  262. 

Falls  261. 
Hanover.  X.  H.  100. 
Harpswell,  Me.  275. 
Harrison,  Me.  285. 
Ilartfonl,  Conn.  134. 

AtheuH'um  137. 

Cedar  Grove  139. 

Churches  135. 

Old  State  House  136. 

State  House  135. 
Harvard,  M.ass.  10.5. 
Harvard  University  29. 
Harwich,  Mass.  .56. 
Hastings-on-Hudson  342. 
Hatfield,  Mass.  102. 
Haverhill,  Mass,  279. 
Haverhill.  N.  IT.  211. 
Haverstraw,  N.  Y.  343. 
Hazaidville,  Conn,  133. 
Hebron,  N.  H.  198. 
Hell  Gate,  N.  Y.  47. 
Highgate  Springs.  Vt.  207 
Highland  Light  57. 
Hitjhlands,  the  343. 
Hillsboro  Bridge  196. 
Hinghani,  Mass.  24. 
Hinsdale,  Mass.  143. 


^. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


■-  lll£ 

2.0 


|S6 

us 

us 


IM 


1.8 


1.25      1.4 

1.6 

-i 

6"     - 

-^ 

V 


>J^ 


% 


^1} 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


^ 


'^ 


<^  w^ 


1^. 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  US80 

(716)  873-4503 


6 


\ 


\ 


.   o^ 


:r .' 


I  'L' 


mm ' 

,  ■li'.'t'ViLiE;   ■■  ^ 


!Sf, 


,v'  i1>nh 


[i'  '.1 


:.•% 


t;- 


,,,!.,,. 


442 


Hinsdale.  N.  H.  102. 
Hiram,  Me  235. 
Hoboken,  N.  J.  341. 
Hclbrook,  Mass.  54. 
Holderness.  N.  H.  210. 
Hollis,  N.  H.  106. 
Holmes'  Hole,  Mass.  59, 60. 
Holyoke,  Mass.  l.'iS. 
Hookset,  N.  H.  1«4. 
Hoo»ac  Tunnel  154,  179. 
Hopper,  the  157. 
Hough's  Neck,  Mass.  37. 
Houlton,  Me.  323. 
Hubbardtou,  Vt.  187. 
Hudson.  N.  Y.  348. 
Hull,  Mass  23. 
Hvannis,  Muss.  56. 
Hyde  Park,  N.  Y.  346. 

Indian  Harbor.  Conn.  89. 

Lorette,  Can.  384. 

Neck.  Conn.  77. 

Rock,  Me.  292. 
Ingleside,  Mass.  158. 
lona  Id.,  N.  Y.  344. 
Ipswich,  Mass.  257. 
Irasburgh,  Vt  171. 
Irvington,  N.  Y.  342. 
Island  Pond,  Vt.  290. 
Island,  Blackwell's  47. 

Block  71. 

Boone  207. 

Brigadier  317. 

Canipu  Bello  322. 

Castle  22. 

Charles.  Conn.  84. 

Cnnanicut  46. 

Coney  340. 

Constitution  345. 

Continental  265. 

Crane  385. 

Cruger's  347. 

Cashing's  274. 

Cuttyhunk  92. 

Dser  20. 

Diamond,  Me.  274. 

DUmond,  N.  H.  ai7. 

Diamond,  N.  Y.  358. 

Tkme,  N.  Y.  359. 

Dustou's  197. 

Fisher's  73. 

Goat  46. 

Goose  385. 

Grand  Menan  322. 

Governor's,  Mass.  20. 

Governor's,  N.  H.  215. 

Governor's,  N.  Y.  329. 

Grosse  385. 

lona  344. 

Long,  Mass.  23. 

Long,  N.  H.  217. 

liong.  N.  Y.  339. 

Lowell  256. 


INDEX. 


Martha's  Vineyard  59. 

Moiihegan  316. 

Mount  Desert  803. 

Mj'stic  72. 

Nantucket  60. ' 

Naushon  92.  • 

Neutral  322. 

No  Man's  Land  59> 

Orr'a  297. 

Peak's,  Me.  274. 

Penequeese  92. 

Plum,  Mass.  260. 

Prudence  66. 

Rainsford's  23. 

Recluse  859. 

Rhotle  46. 

Richmond  270.  ' 

Stage  268. 

Staten  340. 

Thacher's  247. 

Thompson's  22. 

Valcour,  Vt.  367. 

Vinnlhaven  316. 

Ward's  339. 

Wetmoi-e  317. 

Elizabeth  92. 

St.  George's  301. 

Thimble  76. 
Isle  aux  Coudres  385. 

Deer,  Me.  .303. 

Grand,  Vt.  367. 

of  Orleans  385. 

St.  Helens'  370. 
Isles  of  Shoals  265. 
Ivy  Mt.,  Conn.  115 

Jackson,  N.  H.  225. 
Jaffrey.  N.  H.  179. 
Jamaica,  L.  I.  340. 
Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.  35. 
Jay,  Me.  291. 
Jefferson  Hill.  N.  H.  229. 
Jefferson,  Mt.  236. 
Jonesport,  Me.  307. 
Jordan's  Pond,  Me.  804. 

Katahdin,  Mt.,  Me.  297. 
Kearsarge,  Mt.  198. 
Keeno,  N.  H.  180. 
Kennebunk,  Me.  268. 
Kennebunkport  268. 
Kent,  Conn.  114. 
Kiarsarge,  Mt.  224. 
Killingly,  Conn.  118. 
Killington  Peak,  Vt.  182. 
Killiugworth,  Conn.  76. 
Kinderhook,  N.  Y.  348. 
Kineo  Mt.,  Me.  296. 
Kingtield,  Me.  292. 
Kingston,  N.  Y.  347. 
Kingston.  R.  I.  67. 
Kittery.  Me.  265. 
Knowitoii's  T*<indingl73, 


Lachine  Rapids  372. 
Laconia,  N.  H.  209. 
Lafayette,  Mt.  239. 
Lake  Ashley,  Mass.  145. 

Aylmer,  Can.  290 

Beauport,  Can.  384. 

Bomaseen,  Vt.  187. 

Chabonakongkoninn  lOi  | 

Cliamplain  361. 

Cliesuncook,  Me.  296. 

China,  Me.  313. 

Contoocook,  N.  H.  180. 

Ciystal,  Vt.  171. 

Dunmore,  Vt.  18.3. 

Echo  (Conway)  225. 

Echo  (Franconin)  2.'?8. 

Enflehl,  N.  H.  108. 

George,  N.  Y.  357. 

Grand  Sohoodic  319, 

Heart,  N.  H.  198. 

Long,  Conn.  113. 

Long,  Me  285. 

Luzerne,  N.  Y.  3.55. 

Mahkeenac,  Mass.  150. 

Massabesic,  N.  H.  193. 

Massawippi,  Can.  174. 

Memplii-emagog  171. 

Merrymeeting  219. 

Moosehead  294,  295 

Newfound,  N.  H.  m 

of  Seven  Isles  323. 

Onota,  Mass.  145. 

Ossipee,  N.  H.  220. 

Pontoosnc,  Mass.  145. 

Profile,  N.  H.  239. 

Quinsigamond  12(i. 

Rockland,  N.  Y.  343. 

Saltonstall,  Conn.  77. 

St.  Catharine,  Vt.  188, 

St.  Charles,  Can.  384. 
•  St.  Joachin,  Can.  385, 

St.  John,  Can.  386. 

St.  Peter  374. 

Sebago,  Me.  284. 

Sinnipink,  N.  Y.  .344. 

Spectacle  (Ponds)  114. 

Squam,  N.  H.  216,-2I7. 1 

Sunapee.  N.  H.  196, 

Twin,  Conn.  123. 

Umbagog  244,  2S9. 

Village,  N.  H  209, 

Waukawan  209. 

Wenham  250. 

Willoughby,  Vt.  170. 

Winnepesaukee  ?15, 8*| 
Lakeville.  Conn.  122. 
Lakeville,  Ma.ss.  54. 
Lancaster,  Mass.  105, 
Lancaster.  N.  H.  212. 
Ijanesboro,  Mass.  153. 
Lanesville,  Mass.  247. 
Lawrence,  Mass.  278. 
Lead  Mine  Bridge  228, 


INDEX. 


443 


Lachine  Rapids  372. 
Laconia,  N.  H.  200. 
Lafayette,  Mt.  239. 
Lake  Asliley,  Mass.  145. 
Aylnier.  Can.  290 
Beauport,  Can.  3S4. 
Boinaseen,  Vt.  187. 
Chabonakongkoninn  101 1 
Cliainplain  361. 
Chesunoook,  Me.  296. 
China,  Me.  313. 
Contoocook,  N.  H.  180, 
Ciystal,  Vt.  171. 
Dunmore,  Vt.  18,3. 
Echo  (Conway)  225. 
Echo  (Franconia)  238. 
Enfield,  N.  H.  198. 
George,  N.  Y.  357. 
Grand  Sohoodic  319. 
Heart,  N.  H.  198. 
Long,  Conn.  113. 
Long,  Me  285. 
Luzerne,  N.  Y.  3.55. 
Mahkeenac,  Mass.  150. 
Massabesic,  N.  H.  193. 
Massawippi,  Can.  174. 
Meniplireinagog  171. 
Merrynieeting  219. 
Moosehead  294,  295 
Newfound.  N.  H.  198. 
of  Seven  Isles  323, 
Onota,  Mass.  145. 
Ossipee,  N.  H.  220. 
Pontoosuc,  Mass.  145. 
Profile,  N.  H.  239. 
Quinsigainond  126. 
Rockland,  N.  Y.  343. 
Saltonstall,  Conn.  77. 
St.  Catharine,  Vt.  188. 
St.  Charles,  Can.  384. 
•  St.  Joachin,  Can.  385. 
St.  John.  Can.  386. 
St.  Peter  374. 
Sebago,  Me.  284. 
Sinnipink,  N.  Y.  3«. 
Spectacle  (Ponds)  114. 
Squain,  N.  H.  216. '217. 
Sunapee,  N.  H.  196. 
Twin,  Conn.  123. 
Unibagog  244,  289. 
Village,  N.  H  209. 
Waukawan  209. 
Wenham  250. 
Willoughby,  Vt.  170, 
Winnepesaukee  515, 811 
Lakeville.  Conn.  122. 
Lakeville,  Mass.  54. 
Lancaster,  Mass.  105. 
Lancaster.  N.  H.  212, 
lianesboro,  Mass.  153. 
Lanesville,  Mass.  247. 
Lawrence,  Mass.  278. 
Lead  Mine  Bridge  224 


Lebanon,  Conn.  98. 
Lebanon,  N.  H.  199. 
Ledges,  the  N,  H.  224. 
Leeds,  Me.  291. 
Lee,  Mass.  148. 
Leeds,  Mass.  110. 
Lennoxville,  Can.  174,  290. 
Lenox,  Mass.  147. 
Leverfitt,  Mass.  102. 
Lewiston,  Me.  308. 
Lexington,  Mass.  28. 
Leyden  Gorge  178. 
Lincoln,  Mass.  175. 
Lisbon  Falls,  Me.  291. 
Litchfield,  Conn.  112. 
Littleton,  N.  H.  211. 
Liverniore  Falls.  N.  H.  210, 
Livennore,  Me.  291. 
Londonderry,  N.  H.  279. 
Long  Branch.  N.  J.  340. 
Long  Id.,  Can.  173. 
Long  Id.,  Mass.  23. 
Long  Id.,  N.  H.  217. 
Long  Id.,  N.  Y.  339. 
Long  Lake,  Conn.  113. 
Long  Lake,  Me.  285. 
Longnieadow,  Mass.  133. 
Longueuil,  Can.  373. 
Lonsdale,  R.  I.  93. 
Lovell,  Me.  287. 
Lowell  Id  ,  Mass.  256. 
Lowell,  Mass.  189. 
Ludlow,  Vt.  181, 
-anenburg,  Vt.  212. 
Lyme,  Conn.  75. 
Lyme,  N.  H.  167. 
Lyndeborough,  N.  H.  192. 
Lyndon,  Vt.  170. 
Lynn,  Mass.  250. 

Machias,  Me  307.  • 

Madawaska,  Me.  324. 
Madison,  Mt.  236. 
Madrid,  Me.  292. 
Magnlloway  River  244,  289. 
Magnolia,  Mass.  247- 
Mapg,  Can.  173. 
Manie  Forest,  the  323. 
Malbaie,  Can.  385. 
Maiden,  Mass.  275. 
Mallet's  Bay,  Vt.  204. 
Mamaroneek,  N.  Y.  90. 
Manchester,  Conn.  94. 
Manchester,  Mass.  J,  45. 
Manchester,  N.  H.  193. 
Manchester,  Vt.  185. 
Manhattanville,  N.  Y  341. 
Mansfield,  Conn.  99. 
Mansfield,  Mt.,  Vt.  203. 
Marblehead,  Mass.  255. 
Marblehead  Neck,  256. 
Marion,  Mass.  54. 
Marlboro,  Mass.  126. 


Marshfleld,  Mass.  49. 
Marshpee,  Mass.  56. 
Martha's  Vineyard  59. 
Mashapaug  Lake  118. 
Matta])oisett,  Mass.  54. 
Mattawainkeag,  Me.  319. 
McAdam  June,  N.  B.  319, 
Mclndoes  Falls,  Vt.  169. 
Mechanic  Falls,  Me.  287. 
Medfield,  Mass.  120. 
Medford.  Muss,  275. 
Megiinticook  Mts.  317. 
Melrose,  Mass.  275. 
Meiedith,  N.  H.  209. 
Meriden,  Conn.  140. 
Merrynieeting  Lake  219. 
Methuen.  Mass,  279. 
Middleboro,  Mass.  54. 
Middlebury,  Vt,  183. 
Middlesex,  Mass.  191. 
Middlesex,  Vt.  202. 
Middletown,  Conn.  106. 
Middletown    Springs,    Vt. 

188 
Milan,  N.  H.  289. 
Milford,  Conn.  84. 
Milford,  Me.  319. 
Milfonl,  N.  H.  192. 
Millertou,  i:.  Y.  121. 
Milton,  N.  H.  213. 
Milton,  Vt.  204. 
Minot's  Ledge,  Mass.  49. 
Missisquol  Springs  206. 
Mohegan,  Conn.  98. 
Monadnock  Mt.,  N.  H.  179. 
Monadnock  Mt.,  Vt.  243. 
Monliegan  Id.,  Me.  316. 
Monkton,  Vt.  184. 
Monroe  Mt.  236. 
Monson,  Me.  295. 
Monson,  Mass.  99. 
Montague,  Mass  177. 
Montniorcnci  Falls  384. 
Montpelier,  Vt.  200. 
Montreal,  Can.  291,  368. 

Around  the  Mt.  372. 

Bonsecours  Market  370. 

Champ  de  Mars  370, 

Christ  Church  Cathedral 
371. 

GesOi,  Church  of  the  371. 

Gray  Nunnery  372. 

Lachine  Rapids  372. 

McGill  College  371. 

Notre  Dame  369. 

St.  George  372. 

St.  Patrick  371. 

Victoria  Bridge  373. 

Victoria  Square  369. 
Monument  Mt.,  Mass.  151. 
Moose  Chasm,  Me.  289, 
Moosehead  Lake  294,  296. 
lloosetocmaguntio  292. 


MoosllaukeMt.   N,  H.  2U. 
Moriah,  Mt.,  N,  H.  228. 
Morris,  Conn,  1 13. 
MoultonlKiro,  N.  H,  219. 
Mount  Adams,  N.  H.  236. 

iEolus,  Vt.  186. 

Aganienticus,  Me.  267. 

Annanunce,  Vt.  17(). 

Anthony,  Vt.  186 

Ascutuey,  Vt.  166. 

Auburn  Cenittery  33 

Bald,  N.  H.  239. 

Belknap,  N.  H.  209,  219. 

Carmel,  Conn.  108. 

Chocorua,  N.  H.  214, 22L 

Clinton,  N,  H.  235. 

Cro'-Nest.  N.  Y,  345, 

Desert,  Me.  303- 

Dunderberg,  N.  Y,  .S43. 

Elephantis,  Can.  178. 

Equinox,  Vt,  185. 

Everett,  Mass.  152. 

Franklin,  N.  H.  236. 

Gi-eylock,  Mass.  153. 

Hayes,  N.  H.  228. 

Holyoke,  Mass.  160. 

Hopkins  157. 

Hoiie,  R.  I.  66. 

Hor,  Vt.  170. 

Independence,  Vt.  363. 

Jefferson  236. 

Katahdin,  Me.  297,  319. 

Kearsarge,  N.  H.  198. 

Kiarsarge,  N.  H.  224. 

Kilbum  165. 

Kineo  296. 

Lafayette,  N.  H.  239. 

Madison  2.36. 

Major,  N.  H.  218. 

Mansfield,  Vt.  203. 

Megunticook,  Me.  317. 

Monadnock,  N.  H.  179. 

Monadnock,  Vt.  243. 

Monroe  236. 

Monument,  Mass.  151. 

Moosilauke.  N.  H.  211. 

Moriah,  N,  H.  228. 

Nonotuck,  Mass.  160. 

Ossipee,  N.  H.  219,  220. 

Owls  Head,  Can.  172. 

Owl's  Head,  N.  H.  211. 

Passaconaway  220. 

Pinnacle,  Can.  174. 

Pinnacle,  N.  H.  194. 

Pleasant,  Me.  285. 

Pleasant,  N.  H.  236.    . 

Pi-oflle,  N.  H.  239. 

Prospect,  Conn.  11& 

Prospect,  N.  H.  2ia 

Pulaski,  Vt.  168. 

Ragged,  N.  H.  198. 

Riga,  Conn.  121. 

Rouillard.  Can.  29a 


H 


'r  ! 


iff 


il  ! 


A>>  < 


•♦ 


^^J^'Ji 


'm4 


I 


4U 


Ste.  Anne,  Can.  8SS. 

St.  Vincent,  N.  Y.  341. 

Sugar  Loaf,  Mass.  162. 

Suiprise,  N.  H.  228. 

Tabor,  Vt.  185. 

Toby,  Mass.  102. 

Tom,  Conn.  113. 

Tom,  Mass.  160. 

Tom,  Vt.  190. 

Vernon,  N,  H.  192. 

Wantastiquet  103. 

Washington,  Mass.  152. 

Washington,  N.  H.  234. 
Ascent     fwm     Craw- 
ford's 235. 
Ascent  from   Gorham 

236. 
Carriage-road  235. 
Railway  234. 
View  237. 

Whiteface,  N.   H.  220. 

Willard,  N.  H.  231. 
Mountains,  Adirondack  865 

Allagash  323. 

Berkshiie  142. 

Catskill  347. 

Dixville  243. 

Franeonia  238. 

Green  182- 186, 199-204 

Helderberg  348. 

Highlands  343,  344. 

Laurentian  378,  385. 

Lunenburg  212. 

Magalloway  245. 

Megunticook  317. 

Pilot  212. 

Sandwich  220. 

Shawangunk  346. 

White  221. 
Murray  Bay,  Can.  885. 
Myricks,  Mass.  54. 
Mystic,  Conn.  72. 
Mystic  Pond  189. 

Vahant,  Mass.  21. 
^antasket  Beach  23. 
Nantucket  60. 
Naples,  Me.  284. 
Narragansett  Bay  65. 
Narragaiisett  Fort  69. 
Narragansett  Pier  68. 
Nashua,  N.  H.  191. 
Natick,  Mass.  124. 
Natural  Bridge  154. 
Naugatuck,  Conn.  111. 
Naushon  Id.  92. 
Newark.  Vt.  171. 
New  Bedford,  Mass.  90. 
New  Britain,  Conn.  95. 
Newburg,  N.  Y.  346. 
Newbury,  Vt  168. 
Newbuiyport,  Mass.  258. 
Newcastle,  Me.  299. 


INDEX. 


Newfound  Lake  198. 
New  Gloucester,  Me.  287. 
New  Hartford.  Conn.  120. 
New  Haven,  Conn.  77,  141 

Art  Gallery  81. 

Cemetery  78. 

East  Rock  83. 

Public  Green  79. 

Bavin  Rock  83. 

State  House  80. 

West  Rock  83. 

Yale  College  80. 
New  Haven,  Vt.  184. 
New  Lebanon  Springs  146. 
New  London,  Conn.  72. 
Newmarket,  N.  H.207,  281 
New  Marlboro,  Mass.  252. 
New  Milford,  Conn.  114. 
Newport,  Me.  314 
Newport,  R.  I.  40,  66. 

Bellevue  Ave.  44. 

First  Beach  45. 

Foi-t  Adams  46. 

Islands,  the  46. 

Lawton's  Valley  44. 

Pui-gatory  45. 

Redwood  Library  48. 

Round  Tower  43. 

State  House  42. 
Newj)ort,  Vt.  171. 
New  Rochelle.  N.  Y.  90. 
Newton,  Mass.  36, 120, 124. 
Newtown,  Conn.  114. 
New  York  City  325. 

Astor  Library  333. 

Battery  329. 

Bay,  the  329. 

Bible  House  333. 

Boulevard  338. 

Bowling  Green  <J29. 

Broadway  330,  336. 

Cathedral  336. 

Central  Park  336. 

Christ  Church  335. 

City  Hall  332. 

Cooper  Institute  333. 

Court  house  332. 

Custom  House  331. 

Fifth  Avenue  335. 

Five  Points  332. 

Grace  Church  333. 

Grand  Central  Depot  336. 

High  Bridge  338. 

Lenox  Library  338. 

Madison  Square  334. 

National    Academy    of 
Design  334. 

New  Post-Offlce  332. 

New  York  University  333 

Park  Row  331. 

Reservoir  385. 

St.  George  334.      c        • 

St.  Paul  831.         >,  .  h 


Sub-Treasury  830. 

Temple  Emanuel  .336. 

Tombs,  the  332. 

Trinity  Church  330. 

Union  Square  333. 

Wall  Street  330. 

Ward's  Island  339. 

Y.  M.  C.  Association 
Niantic,  Conn.  74. 
Nix's  Mate,  Mass.  23. 
Norfolk,  Conn.  120. 
Norman's  Woe  246. 
Noroton,  Conn.  87. 
Norridgewock,  Me.  293. 
N.  Adams,  Mass.  1.04, 
Northampton,  Mnss.  15! 
Northboro,  Mass.  126. 
N.  Conway,  N.  H.  2-23, 2b. 
Northfield,  Mass.  102. 
Northfield,  Vt.  200. 
N.  Haven,  Conn.  141. 
N.  Stratford,  N.  H.  243, 
Northumberland,     N. 

212,  243,  290. 
N.  Yarmouth,  Me.  287. 
Norton's  Falls,  Conn.  1 
Norwalk,  Conn.  ST. 
Norwich,  Conn.  90,  119, 
Norwich,  Vt.  166. 
Notch,  Bolton,  Conn.  9 

Dixville,  N.  H.  213. 

Franeonia,  N.  H.  238, 

Grafton,  Me.  280. 

Pinkham,  N.  H.  226. 

Sandgate,  Vt.  ISC.     j 

Smuggler's,  Vt.  202, 

White  Mt.  231. 

Wilmington,  N.  Y.  3i 

Oak  Bluffs,  Mass.  CO.    i 
Okl  Deerfield,  Mass.  1 
Old  Hadley,  Mass.  161.  K 
Old  Orchard  Beat  h  r  ' 
Oldtown,  Me.  318. 
Ore  Hill,  Conn.  121. 
Orford  Mt.,  Can.  173 
Orford,  N.  H.  168. 
Orient  Sju-ings,  Mass.  V 
Orono,  Me.  318. 
Osceola,  Mt.  242. 
OssipeeMt,  N.H.219, 
Ossipee,  N.  H.  214. 
Otta  Quechee  Valley, 

199. 
Owl's  Head  Mt.,  Can.  i:| 
Oxford,  Me.  28S. 
Oxfoixl,  Mass.  104. 

Palenville,  N.  Y.  348. 
Palisades,  the  341. 
Palmer,  Mass.  130. 
Paris  HiU,  Me.  288. 
Farmauhene  I^akc  289. 


Sub-Treasury  830. 
Temple  Emanuel  33d.  i 
Tombs,  the  332. 
Trinity  Church  330. 
Union  Square  383. 
Wall  Street  330. 
Ward's  Island  339. 
Y.  M.  C.  Association : 
Niantic,  Conn.  74. 
Nix's  Mute,  Mass.  23. 
Norfolk,  Conn.  120. 
Norman's  Woe  246. 
Noroton,  Conn.  87. 
Norridgcwock,  Me.  293. 
N.  Adams,  Mass.  l.'J4. 
Northampton,  Muss.  15^ 
Northboro,  Mass.  126. 
N.Conway,  N.H.2-23, 2| 
Northfleld,  Mass.  102. 
Northfield,  Vt.  200. 
N.  Haven,  Conn.  141. 
N.  Strattord,  N.  H,243.j 
Northumberland,    N. 

212,  243,  200. 
N.  Yarmouth,  Me.  287. 
Norton's  Falls,  Conn,  id 
Norwalk,  Conn.  87. 
Norwich,  Conn.  90,  119J 
Norwich,  Vt.  166.         1 
Notch,  Bolton,  Conn.  9l 
Dixville,  N.  H.  213. 
Franconia,  N.  H.  238^ 
Grafton,  Me.  280. 
Pinkham,  N.  H.22C. 
Sandgate,  Vt.  ISO. 
Smuggler's,  Vt.  202. 
White  Mt.  231. 
Wilmington.  N.  Y.  36 

Oak  Bluffs,  Mass.  CO. 
Okl  Beertteld.  Mass.  Itl 
Old  Hadley,  Mass.  161. 
Old  Orchard  Beach  2S3| 
Oldtown,  Me.  318. 
Ore  Hill.  Conn.  121. 
Orford  Mt.,  Can.  173. 
Orford,  N.  H.  168. 
Orient  Springs,  Mass.  \[ 
Orono,  Me.  318. 
Osceola,  Mt.  242. 
OssipeeMt.,  N.H.219,i 
Ossipee,  N.  H.  214. 
Otta  Quechee  Valley, 

199. 
Owl's  Head  Mt.,  Can.  13 
Oxfoi-d,  Me.  288. 
Oxfoixl,  Mass.  104. 


Palenville,  N.  Y.  348. 
Palisades,  the  341. 
Palmer,  Mass.  130. 
Purls  Hill.  Me.  288. 
Paruit^shene  littke  289. 


Pasque  Id.,  Mass.  92. 

Passaconaway  Mt.  220. 

passumpsic,  Vt.  169. 

'iitten.  Me.  319. 

hukling  Manor,  N.  Y.  342. 

Pawtucket,  R.  I.  62. 

Pawtuxet,  R.  I.  65. 

Peabody,  Mass.  253. 

Peacedale,  R.  I.  68. 

Peak's  Id.,  Me.  274. 

Peekskill,  N.  Y.  343. 

Pelham  Fort,  Mass.  179. 

Pemaquid,  Me.  299. 

Peniigewasset  Valley  210. 

Peneqiieese  Id.  92. 

Pepperell,  Mass.  105. 
IVquot  House,  Conn.  74. 
Terry's  Peak,  Mass.  148. 

Peterboro,  N.  H.  180, 

Phillips,  Me.  292, 

Phijisbui-g,  Me,  297, 

Pieniiont,  N.  J.  342, 

Pigeon  Cove,  Mass,  247. 

Pittsburg,  N.  H,  245, 

Pittsfield,  Mass.  144. 

^ttsford,  N.  H.  182. 

Placentia,  ^N.  Y.  346. 
iPlainfleld,  Conn.  94. 
iPlainville,  Conn.  109. 
IPlattsburg,  N.  Y.  367. 
IPleasant,  Mt.  236 
|Plyiiiouth,  Conn.  112. 
|Piymouth,  Mass.  51. 
Burying  Hill  53. 
Forefather's  Rock  52. 
Pilgrim  Hall  52. 
Plymouth  Forest  53. 
I  Plymouth,  N.  H.  210,  217, 

242. 
iPocasset,  Mass.  68. 

Point  Judith,  R.  I.  69. 

Point  Levi,  Can.  290,  383. 

Point  Shirley,  Mass.  20. 

Pomfret,  Conn.  118. 

Pompanoosuc,  Vt.  167. 

Pool,  the  N.  H.  240. 

Port  Chester,  N.  Y.  90. 

Port  Henry.  N.  Y.  365. 

Port  Kent,  N.  Y.  867. 

Portland,  Me.  270,  283, 
City  Hall  272. 
Custom  House  272. 
Evergreen  Cem.  273. 
Observatory  272. 
Post-Offlce  273. 
W.  Promenade  271. 

Portsmouth,  N.  H.  263. 

Pnushkeepsie,  N.  Y.  346. 

Ponltney,  Vt.  187. 

Presque  isle.  Me.  823. 

Princeton,  Mass.  177. 

Proctoreville,  Vt.  181. 

Profile  House  288. 


INDEX. 


Profile,  the  239. 
Pr  spect  Mt,  Conn.  115. 
Prospect  Mt.,  N.  H.  210. 
Front's  Nock,  Me.  270. 
Providence,  R.  I.  63. 

Arcade  63. 

Atheneeum  64. 

Brown  University  64. 

Monument  63. 

R.    .  Hospital  64. 
Provlncetown,  Mass.  57. 
Prudence  Id.,  R.  I.  66. 
Pulaski  Mt.,  Vt.  168. 
Putnam,  Conn.  117. 
Putney,  Vt.  164. 

Quebec,  Can.  290,  S75. 

Cathedral  380. 

Citadel  379. 

Durham  Terrace  878. 

English  Cathedral  378. 

Golden  Dog  382. 

Hdtel  Dieu  380. 

Jesuit  Buildings  381. 

Laval  University  .S81. 

Marine  Hospital  382. 

Market  Square  380. 

Mt.  Hermon  Cem.  383. 

Notre  Dame  des  Victolres 
383. 

Parliament  House  380. 

Place  d'Armes  378. 

Plains  of  Abraham  883. 

Prescott  Gate  380. 

Seminary  381. 

St.  John's  Gate  379, 

St.  Louis  Gate  379. 

Ursuline  Convent  381, 

Wolfe    and     Montcalm 
Monument  879. 
Queen's  Fort,  R.  I.  69. 
Qulncy,  Mass.  37. 
Quinsigamond  Lake  126. 
Quoddy  Head,  Me.  322. 

Rafe's  Chasm,  Mass.  247. 
Ragged  Mt.,  N.  H.  198. 
Randolph  Hill  228,  236. 
Randolph,  Vt.  200. 
Rangeley  Lakes  245,  292. 
Ravnham,  Mass.  38. 
Readfield,  Me.  309. 
Readmg,  Conn.  116. 
Reading,  Mass.  276. 
Readville,  Mass.  62. 
Recluse  Id  .  N.  Y.  359. 
Red  Hill,  N.  H.  216. 
Revere  Beach,  27. 
Rhinebeck-on-Hudson  347. 
Rhode  Island  40,  40. 
Richford,  Vt.  207. 
Richmond,  Can.  290. 
Ricbmoud  Id.  270. 


445 


Richmond,  Me.  311.      '      ' 
Ridgefield,  Conn.  116. 
Ridley's  SUtlon,  Vt.  20*. 
Rindge,  N.  H.  179. 
Ripton,  Vt.  184. 
River,    Aramonoosuc  233, 
290. 

Androscoggin   289,    291, 
.S08,  310. 

Aroostook  323,  324. 

Chaudiere  313,  383. 

Connecticut  75,  106,  134, 
157,  169,  211,  243,  245. 

East  47,  339. 

Farmington  109,  143. 

Housatonic  115, 148, 153. 

Hudson  340,  356. 

Kennebec  293,  311. 

Lamoille  203,  204. 

Merrlmac  189,  193,  197, 
258,  278,  279. 

Missisquoi  206. 

Naugatuck  111, 

Passumpsic  169. 

Pemigewasset  210,  241. 

Penobscot  296,  316. 

Richelieu  207,  368,  373. 

Saco  223,  231,  169,  280. 

Saguenay  385. 

St.  Croix  322. 

St.  John  320,  823. 

St.    Lawi-ence  369,  872, 
373,  384. 

St.  Maurice  374. 

Thames  96. 

Winooski  203,  204. 
Riverdale,  Mass.  246. 
Rivermouth  Rocks,  262. 
Riviere  du  Loup  323,  386. 
Rochester,  N.  H.  218,  282. 
Rockland  Lake,  N.  Y.  343. 
Rockland,  Me.  301,  316. 
Rockport,  Mass.  247. 
Rockville,  Conn.  94. 
Rocky  Hill,  Conn.  140. 
Rocky  Point,  R.  I.  65. 
Rogers'  Slide,  N.  Y.  860. 
Roudout,  N.  Y.  346, 
Roslyn,  L,  I.  .340. 
Rougemont  Mt.  208. 
Rouillard  Mt.  290. 
Round  Id.,  Can.  172. 
Rouse's  Point,  N.  Y,  207. 
Rowley,  Mass,  258. 
Roxbury,  Mass,  36.       ;   ^  '. 
Roxbury,  Vt,  200, 
Royalton,  Vt.  200. 
Rumford  Falls,  Me.  288. 
Rumney,  N.  H.  211. 
Rutland,  Vt.  181. 
Rye  Beach,  N.  H.  268. 
Rycgate,  Vt  168. 
Rye,  N.  Y.  90. 


ill 


i    1 
III    i 


I 


iiii   / 


% 


I',  «4    , 


s;:i 


I  ill 


I 


i 


I  )'''¥■ 


I 


i.i 


446 


Sabbath  Day  Point  869. 
Saccarappa,  Me.  218. 
Sachem's  Head,  Conn.  76. 
Sachem's  Plain,  Conn,  97> 
Saco,  Me.  269, 
Saco  Pool  209. 
Sage's  Ravine,  Conn.  122. 
Saguenay  River  385. 
St.  Albans,  Vt.  204. 
St.  Andrew,  N.  B.  322. 
Ste.  Anne,  Can.  384. 
St.  Cliarlcs,  liake  384. 
St.  Fereol  Falls  385. 
St.  Francis,  Me  824. 
St.  George,  Me.  301. 
ht.  Hyacinthe,  Can.  290. 
St.  John  River  320. 
St.  Jolinsbury,  Vt.  169. 
St.  John's,  Can.  208. 
St.  Johns,  N.  B.  320. 
St.  Maurice  River  374. 
St.  Stephen,  N.  B.  323. 
Salem,  Mass.  251. 

Court  House  253. 

Custom  House  253. 

East  India  Museum  252. 

Plummer  Hall  252. 

Salem  Neck  253. 
Salisbury  Beach  2C0. 
Salisbury,  Conn.  115,  121. 
Salisbury,  Mass.  260. 
Salmon  Falls,  N.  H.  283. 
Sandgate  Notch,  Vl.  186. 
Sandisfleld,  Mass.  152. 
Sand  Spring,  Mass.  156. 
Sandwich,  Mass.  55. 
Sandwich,  N.  H.  219. 
Sankoty  Head,  62. 
Saratoga  Springs  350. 

Battle-field  355. 

Columbian  Spring  352. 

Congress  Spring  352. 

Crystal  Spring  353. 

£xcelsior  Spring  354. 

Geyser  Spring  354. 

Lake,  the  354. 

Park,  Congress  352. 

Pavilion  Spring  353. 

Seltzer  Spring  353. 

Star  Spring  354. 
Baugerties,  N.  Y.  347. 
Savin  Rock,  Conn.  83. 
Savoy,  Mass.  153. 
Sawyer's  Rock,  N.  H.  230. 
Saybrook,  Conn.  75. 
Scarboro  Beach  270,  283. 
Schoodic  Lakes,  Me.  322. 
Schooner  Head,  Me.  304. 
Scituate,  Mass.  49. 
Screw  Auger  FaUs  289. 
Seabrook,  N.  H.  261. 
Searsport,  Me.  317. 
Sebago  Lake,  Me*  284. 


INDS2L 


Sebec  Lake,  Me.  396. 
Sesacacha  Pond  62. 
Seymour,  Conn.  111. 
Sharon,  Mass.  62. 
Sharon,  Vt.  199. 
Shawanegan  Falls  374. 
Sheffield,  Mass.  153. 
Sheffield,  N.  B.  320. 
Shelburne  Falls,  Mass.  179. 
Shelburne,  N.  H.  289. 
Sheldon  Springs,  Vt.  206. 
Sherbrooke,  Can.  174. 
Shippan  Point,  Conn.  89. 
Shoals,  Isles  of  266. 
Shrewsbury,  Mass.  126. 
Siasconset,  Mass.  31. 
Silver  Cascade,  232. 
Simsbuiy,  Conn.  109. 
Sing  Sing,  N.  Y.  343. 
Skinner  Hollow,  Vt.  186. 
Skinner's  Id.,  Can.  172. 
Skowhegan,  Me.  293. 
Sleepy  Hollow,  N.  Y.  842. 
Smugglers'  Notch,  Vt.  202. 
Solon,  Me.  294. 
Somerville,  Mass.  249,  275. 
Somes'  Sound,  Me.  306. 
ciorel,  Can.  373. 
S.  Adams,  Mass.  153. 
S.  Braintree,  Mass.  38,  51. 
S.  Cornwall,  Conn.  115. 
S.  Deerfield,  Mass.  162. 
S.  Egremont,  Mass.  152. 
S.  Framingham  125. 
S.  Hadley,  Mass.  158. 
Southington,  Conn.  109. 
S.  Kingstown,  R.  I.  69. 
S.  Mountain,  Mass.  145. 
S.  Norwrtik,  Conn.  87. 
S.  Paris,  Me.  288. 
Southport,  Conn. 86. 
Southport,  Me.  299. 
8.  Royalton,  Vt.  200. 
S.  Vernon,  Vt.  102. 
Southwest  Harbor.Me.  306. 
S.  Windham,  Me.  284. 
S.  Windsor,  Conn.  140. 
Sparkling  Cascade  232. 
Spectacle  Ponds  114. 
Spencer,  Mass.  130. 
Spot  Pond  189,  275. 
Springfield,  Mass.  131,  167. 

City  Library  132. 

Court  House  132. 

U.  S.  Armory  131. 
Springfield,  Vt.  165,  181. 
Springvale,  Me.  213. 
Spuyten  Duyvil  Creek,  N. 

Y.  341. 
Spy  Pond,  Mass.  34. 
Squam  Lake  217,  220. 
Squantum  Point  37. 
Stafford  Springs  99. 


Stage  M.,  lie.  2691. 

Stamford,  Conn.  88. 
Standish,  Me.  285. 
Stanstead,  Can.  174. 
Star  Id.,  N.  H.  265. 
Starks,  Me.  294. 
Stockbridge,  Mass.  149. 
Stoneham,  Mass.  275. 
Stonington,  Conn.  71, 
Stony  Creek,  Conn.  7G. 
Stony  Point.  N.  Y.  343. 
Stow,  Vt  202. 
Strafford,  N.  H-.  282. 
Stratford,  Conn.  84. 
Stratfoi-d,  N.  H.  290. 
Stratham,  N.  H.  267. 
Stratton  Gap,  Vt.  185. 
Strong,  Me.  292. 
Sudbury,  Mass.  125. 
Sugar  Loaf  Mt.  162. 
Summit,  Vt.  181. 
Sunapee  Lake,  N.  H.  196. 
Suncook,  N.  H.  194. 
Sunderland,  Mass.  162. 
Surprise,  Mt.  228. 
Sutheriaud  Falls,  Vt.  182. 
Swamp  cott,  Mass.  251. 
Swanton,  Vt.  207. 
Swanzey,  N.  H.  102. 
Sylvan  Glade  Cataract  232 

Tadousac,  Can.  385. 
Talcott  Mt.,  Conn.  139. 
Tappan,  N.  J.  342.  i 
Tappan  Zee  342. 
Tarryto^vn,  N.  Y.  342. 
Taunton,  Mass.  38. 
Templeton,  Mass.  177. 
TewKsbiiry,  Mass.  189. 
Thacher's  Id.,  Mass.  247. 
The  Forks,  Me.  294. 
Thetford,  Vt.  167. 
Thimble  Is.,  Conn.  76. 
Thonidston,  Me.  301. 
Thompson,  Conn.  104,  111. 
Thompson's  Falls,  N.  H. 

226. 
Thompson's  Id.  22. 
Thonipsonville  133. 
Three  Rivers.  Can.  200, 374,1 
Throgg's  Point,  N.  Y.  47 
Ticonderoga,  Fort  183,3(il 
Tilton,  N.  H.  209. 
Tivoli,  N.  Y.  347. 
Toby  Mt.  102. 
Tolland,  Conn.  99. 
Topsfleld,  Mass.  27G. 
Troy,  N.  H.  180. 
Troy,  N.  Y.  350. 
Truro,  Mass.  56. 
Tuckennan's    Ravine, 

H«  227  237 
Tufts  College,  Mass.  189. 


'''t\ 


INDEX. 


447 


ltageId.,Me.26ft 
itamford,  Conn.  88. 
jtandUh,  Me.  285. 
itanstead  Call.  m. 
3tarId.,N.  H.  265. 
Starks.Me.  294. 
Btockbridge,  Mass.  U9. 
Stonehaiu,  Mass.  Z7o. 
Stoiiington,  Conn.  71. 
Stony  Creek.  Conn.  ^C. 

I  Stony  Point.  N.  Y.  34d. 
'stow.  Vt.  202 
Strafford,  N.  H-  282. 
Stratford,  Conn.  84. 
Stratfoi-d,  N.  H.  290. 
Strathain.N.H.267. 

Stratton  Gap.  Vt.  185, 

Strong,  Me.  292. 

Sudbury,  Mass.  126. 

Sugar  Loaf  Mt.  lo^. 

Summit,  Vt.  181. 

SunapeeIiake,NH.m 

Buncook,  N.  H-  a»'1. 

2.  Sunderland  Mass.  162. 
Surprise,  Mt.  ^^»- 
Sutherland  Falls,  Vt  18* 
Swamp  cott,  Mass.  251. 
Swanton,Vt.207. 
Swanzey.  N-  H.  l»^- 

I.  Sylvan  Glade  Cataract  232 

Tadousac,  Can.  385. 
Talcott  Mt..  Conn.  139. 
Tappan,  N.  J.  342.  i 
TappanZee342 
Tarrytown,  N.  »•  ***'^- 
Taunton,  Mass,  38. 
Templeton,  Mass.  177. 

Thacher's  Id.,  Mass.  247. 
The  Forks,  Me.  294. 
Thetford,  Vt.  167. 
Thimble  Is.,  Conn.  76. 
Thomaston,  Me.  301.        . 
06.  Thompson,  conn.  lOUJ. 
Thompson's  laUs,  Jm-  "i 

226. 
Thompson's  Id.  22. 

Thompsonville  i3iJ.         , 
Three  Rivers.  CMi.  200  U 

Throgg's  Point,  N.Y*l' 
57.  Ticonderoga.  Fort  ISi,*- 
^  Tilton,  N.  H.  209. 
Tivoli.  N.  Y.  347. 
Toby  Mt.  102. 
ToUand,  Conn.  99. 
Topsfleld,  Mass.  2(6. 

N  Troy,  N.  H.  180. 
'       Troy,  N.  Y.  350. 
p'ruro,  Mass.  56.     _ 
Tuckermans    Ravine, 

H.  227,  237.  , 

Tufts  CoUege,  Mass.  18* 


Turner's  Falls,  Mass.  178. 
Twin  Lakes,  Conn.  123. 
Twin  Mt.  House  233. 

Umbagog  Lake  244,  289. 
Undercliff,  N.  Y.  345. 
Upper  Bartlett  230,  287. 
Upton,  Me.  244,  289. 
Uxbridge,  Mass.  93. 

Van  Buren,  Me.  324. 
Vanceboro,  Me.  319. 
Varennes.  Can.  373. 
Vassalboi-o.  Me.  313. 
Vassal-  CoUege  346. 
Vergennes,  Vt.  184,  865. 
Vernon,  Conn.  94. 
Vernon,  Vt.  102. 
Verplanck'a  Point  343. 
Veishire,  Vt.  167. 
Vineyard  Haven  60. 
Vineyard  Sound  92. 
Vue  de  I'Eau,  B.  I.  65. 

Wachusett.  Mt.  177. 
Wakefield,  Mass.  276. 
Waldoboro,  Me.  300. 
Wallingford,  Conn.  140. 
Wallingiord,  Vt.  184. 
Waljiole,  N.  H.  180. 
Walthaiu,  Mass.  175. 
Ward's  Id.,  N.  Y.  47,  339. 

Warehara,  Mass.  54. 
Warehouse  Point  133. 
Warren,  Me.  300. 
Warren,  Mass.  130. 
Warren,  N.  H.  211. 
Warren,  B.  I.  66. 
Warwick,  R.  I.  67. 
Washington,  Mass.  143. 
Washington,  Mt.  234. 
Watch  HiU  Point  70. 
Waterbury,  Conn.  96. 
Waterbury,  Vt.  202. 
Waterford,  Me.  285. 
Watertown,  Coon.  112. 


Watertown,  Mass.  34. 
Waterville,  Conn.  112. 
Waterville,  Me.  309.  314. 
Waterville.  N.  H.  242. 
Waukawan  Lake  209. 
Waumbek  House  212,  229. 
Wauregan,  Conn.  119. 
Webster,  Mass.  104. 
Weehawken,  N.  J.  341. 
Weir  June,  Mass.  90. 
Weirs,  N.  H.  209,  215. 
Weld.  Me.  291. 
Wellesley,  Mass.  124. 
Wellfleet,  Mass.  56. 
Wells  Beach  268.  283. 
Wells  River.  Vt.  168,  211. 
Wcnham.  Mass.  256. 
Wentworth,  N.  H.  211. 
Westboro.  Mass,  120. 
W.  Brookfleld.  Mass.  130. 
Westbrook,  Me.  284.  309. 
Westerly,  B.  I.  70. 
Westfleld.  Mass.  110.  142. 
Westford.  Mass.  176. 
W.  Lebanon,  N.  H.  199. 
W.  Medfoi-d,  Mass.  188. 
Westminster,  Mass.  177. 
Westminster,  Vt.  164. 
Weston,  Me.  319. 
W.  Ossipee,  N.  H,  214,  220. 
West  Point.  N.  Y.  344. 
Westport.  Conn.  87. 
Westport.  Me.  299. 
Westport,  Mass.  92. 
Westport,  N.  Y.  365. 
West  Ro(!k,  Conn.  83. 
W,  Butland,  Vt.  182j  187. 
W.  Troy,  N.  Y.  350. 
Wetherstield,  Conn,  139. 
Weymouth.  Mass.  48. 
Whately,  Mass.  162. 
Whiteface  Mt.  220. 
WhitehaU,  N.  Y.  188,  356. 
White  Id.,  N.  H.  266, 
White  Biver  June,  Vt.  166, 

199 
White  Mt.  Notch  231. 


White  Mts.  213,  222. 
Wickford,  B.  I.  67. 
Wilbraham,  Mass.  130. 
Willard,  Mt.  231. 
Willey  House  231. 
Williamsburg,  Mass.  110. 
Williams  College  156. 
Willianistown,  Mass.  156. 
Willimantic,  Conn.  94. 
Willoughby  Lake  170. 
Wilton,  N.  H.  192. 
Winehendon,  Mass.  179. 
Winchester,  Mass.  189. 
Winjhester,  N.  H.  102. 
Windham,  N.  H.  279. 
Windsor,  Conn,  133. 
Windsor,  Mass.  144. 
Windsor,  Vt.  165. 
Wing  Road,  N.  H.  212. 
Winnepesaukee   Lake,   N 

H.  215,  282. 
Winooski,  Vt.  204.  366. 
Winsted.  Conn.  113. 
Winterport.  Me.  318. 
Winthrop,  Me.  308. 
Wiscasset,  Mo.  298. 
Woburn,  Mass.  189. 
Wolcottville.  Conn.  113. 
Wolfboro,  N.  H.  214,  218. 
Wood's  Hole,  59.  92. 
Woodstock,  Conn.  117. 
Woodstock,  N,  B.  323. 
Woodstock,  N,  H,  241. 
Woodstock,  Vt,  199. 
Woolwich,  Me.  298, 
Woonsocket,  R.  I.  93,  120. 
Worcester,  Mass.  127. 

Antiquarian  Soc.  128. 

Industrial  School  127* 

Monuments  129. 

Yale  College,  Conn.  75,  8(1 
Yautic  Falls,  Conn.  96. 
Yarmouth,  Me.  309. 
Yarmouth,  Mass  56. 
Yonkei-8,  N.  Y.  341. 
York,  Me.  266. 


>., 


il   I 


'i 


■'': 


1 11^, 


vJt : 


^a/a'-:: 


i     c     :V 


f  '■;'■) 


SUPPLEMENTARY  INDEX. 


pfl^i' 


m 


;.: 


i;  '  "'; 


tv 


!: 


i^-^. 


i.'. 


if  $^ 


Acton,  Mass.  410,126. 
Adams,  Mass.  153. 
Alexandria  Bay,  400. 
AUenstowD,  N.  U.  417. 
Anienbury,  Macs.  420. 
Andorer,  Me.  21)2. 
Anticosti,  P.  Q  403. 
Antrim,  N.  II.  l!)6. 
Arethusa  Fallfi,  N.  II.  233. 
Arlington,  Mass.  405. 
Ashfleld,  Muss.  163,  178  a. 
Athol,  Mass.  177,422. 
Attleboro,  Mass.  C2  b. 

Baddeck,  C.  B.  404. 
Barnstable,  Mass.  56. 
Barre,  Mass.  411,  421. 
Bartlett,  N.  H.  230. 
Bay  ofChaleur,  403. 
Beach  B.uff,  Mass.  408. 
Bedford,  Mass.  406. 
Belgrade,  Me.  308. 
Bennington,  N.  U.  196. 
Berlin  Falls,  N.  H.  289. 
Bic,  P  Q.  402. 
Birctidale  Springs  195. 
Blandford,  Mass.  143. 
Block  Island,  R.  I  65  &.,  71. 
Blue  Hills,  Mass.  37,  G2. 
Bonaventur'J  Island,  403. 
Boston,  Mas?.  5. 

Beacon  Ilill  16  d. 

First  Mapt.  Ch.  16-t?. 

Life  Ins.  Cos.,  12 

Masonic  Temple  12  b. 

Museum,  Fine  Arts  16  b. 

New  Old  South  16  a. 

Public  Library  12  b. 

St.  James's  12  b. 

Technology  16  a. 

Trinity  Church  16  a. 

University  18. 

Y.  M.  C.  A.  16  c. 
Boylston,  Mass.  104. 
Bradford,  Vt.  168. 
Brant  Rock,  Mass.  49. 
Bras  d'Or,  C.  B.  404. 
Bread-Loaf  Inn,  Vt.  184. 
Bridgewater,  Mass.  53  b. 
Brockton.  Mass.  53  h. 
Bucklaad.  Moss.  178  a. 


Buttonwoods,  B.  I.  67. 

Camden.  Me  425,  317. 
Campbellton,  N.  B.  408. 
OanipcUo,  Mass.  53  b. 
Campobello,  N.  B.  322,  426. 
Caudia,  N.  U.  419. 
Canton,  Mass.  62  a. 
Cape  Arunde:   Me.  ^  ^3. 
Cupe  Breton,  N.  S.  404. 
Charlemont,  Mass.  178  a. 
Charlottctown,  P.  £.  I.  404. 
Charlton,  Mass.  130. 
Chatham,  N.  B.  404. 
Cheese  Rock,  Mass.  189. 
Chelsea,  Vt.  20O. 
Chester,  Mass.  143. 
Chester,  N.  H.  119. 
Chesterfield,  Mass.  110. 
Chesterfield,  N.  H.  180. 
Chiron  Springs,  N,  H.  198. 
Clifford  (The),  Maps.  53  a. 
Cochituaie  Lake,  Mass.  125. 
Coldbrbok    Springs,    Mass. 

411,  422. 
Conanicut,  R.  I.  46,  65  6. 
Concord,  Mass.  406,  28. 
Concord  Junction  410 
Contoocook,  N.  H  417. 
Conway,  Mass.  163. 
Cottage  City,  Mafis.  59. 
Crawford  House  231,  230. 

Dalhousie,  N.  B.  408. 
Dana,  Mass.  422. 
Danvers,  Mass.  276,  420. 
Daricn,Conn.  87. 
Dedham,  Mass.  62  a,  117. 
Deerfleld,  N.  H.  419. 
Deer  Isle,  Me.  307  rt  ;  308. 
Devereux,  Mass.  408. 
Dexter,  Me.,  314. 
Dorset,  Vt.  185. 
Douglas,  Mass.  117. 
Dover,  N.  U.  418,  281. 
Downer  Landing,  24. 
Dublin,  N.  H.  414. 
Dudley,  Mass.  117. 
Dunbarton,  N.  H  194. 
DuDotr'.bl6,  Mass.  411. 

J..5-,y,  N.  H,  418. 


EdmandBton,  N.  B.  823. 
Ellsworth,  Me.  318, 822. 
Enfield,  Mass.  422. 
Epping,  N.  U.  419. 
Epsom,  N.  H.  417. 
Eustis,  Me.  294. 

Father  Point,  P.  Q.  402. 
Fernside,  Mass.  148. 
Fisher's  Island,  N.Y.  71, 78. 
Fitzwilliam.  N.  II.  179. 
Flagstaff,  Me  296. 
Forks  (The),  Me.  293. 
Fort  Popham,  Me.  426. 
Foxboro,  Mass.  62  b. 
Franconia,  N.  U.  284  a,  28& 

Gardner,  Mass.  413, 177« 
Gasp^,  P.  Q,  408. 
Gill,  Mass.  102, 178. 
Gilmanton,  N.  H.  209. 
Goat  Island,  B.  I.  46. 
Goshen,  Conn.  71,  115. 
Goshen,  Mass.  110,  UO. 
Grand  Manan,  426, 822. 
Granville,  Mass.  110. 
Green's  Landing,  Me.  307a. 
Greenville,  N.  H.  176. 
Groveton,  N.  H.  243. 

Halifax,  Mass.  51. 
Hampstead,  N.  H.  414. 
Hard  wick,  Mass  421. 
Harrisville,  N.  H.  414. 
Hawley,  Mass.  178  a. 
Heath,  Mass.  178  a. 
Ilenniker,  N.  H  418. 
ifillsboro,  N  H.  418, 19fl. 
Holbrook,  Mass.  53  b. 
Holden,  Mass.  411. 
HoUiston,  Mass.  125. 
Hopedale,  Mass.  125. 
Hopkinton,  N.  H.  417. 
Ilopkinton  Springs,  126. 
Hough's  Neck,  Mass.  53  b. 
Hubbardston,  Mass  413. 
Humarocks  (The),  Mass.  49. 
Hyde  Park,  Mass.  62. 

Isle  an  Haut,  Me.  807  0. 
Islesboro,  Me.  307  a. 


SUPPLEMENTARY   INDEX. 


449 


i'iJ: 


^DEX. 


iViumnditon,  N.  B.  ^ 
Ellsworth,  Me.  818,  SU. 
Enfield,  Mass.  422. 
Bpping,  N.  11.  419. 
Epsom,  N.  H- *"• 
BustlB,  Me.  294. 

Father  Point,  P.  Q-  402. 
Fernside,  Mass.  148. 
Fisher's  Island,  N.Y.  (1,73. 

iFitewilllam,  N.  II.  1<9- 
Fliigstaff.  Me  295. 
Forks  (The),  Me^  293. 
Fort  Popham,  Me-  4^e. 
Foxboro,  Mass.  62  o- 
Franconia,N.U.284o,28i 

Gardner,  Mass.  418, 177^ 

Qasp6,  P.  Q- ^V-a 
Gill,  Mass.  102,  li8. 

Gilmanton,  N.  H.  209. 

Goat  Island,  R.  I.  46. 
Goshen,  Conn.  71, 115. 
Goshen  Mass.  110,  WO. 
Grand  Manan,  428, 8ZJ. 
Granville,  Mass.  110. 
Green's  Landing,  Me.  307  a, 
Greenville.  N.  H.  1(6. 
Groveton,  N.  H.  243. 

Halifax,  Mass  51. 

Hampstead,  N.  H.  414. 

Hardwick,  Mass  421. 

Harrisville,  N.  H.  411 

Hawley,  Mass.  1(8  a- 

Heath,  Mass.  178  a. 

Henniker,  N.  H.  418. 
i£ill8boro,N  H.  418,  IW 
Holbrook,  Mass  63  6. 
Holden,  Mass.  411. 
Holli.ston,Mass.  Ii5. 
Hopedale,  Mass.  125.^ 
IIopklnton.N.  11.41/. 
Ilopkinton  Springs,  m 
Hough's  Neck,  Mass.  53  »• 
Hubbardston,  Mass^^ld 
Humarocks  (The),  Mass.  1!^ 

iHyde  Park,  Mass.  62. 

Isle  auHaut,  Me.  807  0. 
llslesboro,  Me.  307  a. 


Katshdln  Iron  Works,  296. 
Katama,  Mass.  60. 
Keene.N.  H.  179, 102. 
Kennebunkport,  288,  268. 
Kianargs  Village,  224. 

Lake-Auburn  Spring,  808. 
Lake  Duel,  152. 
Lake  Muranaeook,  308. 
Like  Pleasant,  17 <. 
Leicester,  Mass.  130. 
Lcwiston,  Me.  3<)7  b. 
U-xington,  Uasm.  406,  28. 
Lisbon,  N.  H.  211. 
Littleton,  Mass.  410. 
Littleton,  N.  II.  212. 
Livermore,  N.  H.  231,  242. 
Louisboui-g,  G.  B.  405. 
Ludlow,  Mass.  422. 
Lundy 's  Lane,  Ont.  896, 895. 

Magnolia,  Mass.  245,  247. 
Manomet,  Mass.  53  a. 
Mansfield,  Mass.  62  b. 
Mapltwood,  N.  H.  231  o. 
Maquaui  Bay,  Vt.  368. 
Marblehead,  Mass.  408,255. 
Mark  Rock,  R.  I.  65  a. 
Mass.  Soldiers'  Home,  27. 
Mendon,  Mass.  125. 
Middlesex  Fells,  36  a,  189. 
Middleton,  Mass.  420. 
Milford,  Mass.  125. 
Millbury,  Mass.  93. 
Miller's  Falls,  Mass.  102. 
Monadnock, 413. 
Monbegan,  425,  816. 
Monson,  Me.  295. 
Montgomery,  Mass.  143. 
Mont  Vernon,  423, 192. 
Moose  River.  294. 
Mount  Bowdoin,  Mass.  36. 

Cardigan,  N.  H.  198. 

Toby,  Mass.  163. 
Mystic  Island,  Conn.  71. 

Narragmsett  Bay,  65  a. 
Na.  hua.  N.  H.  191,  411. 
Nayatt  Point,  R.  I.  6.'>  a. 
NewCahf'.o,  N.  H.267. 
NewHampion.N.  H  209. 
New  London.  N.  II.  198. 
Newmarket,  N.  H.  419, 2(1. 
New  Marll)oro,  Mass.  152. 
^fewport,  N.  II.  196. 
New  Salem,  Mass.  422. 
New  York  City,  325. 

Metropolitan      Museum, 
336. 

East-River  Bridge,  339. 

Museum    Nat.    History, 
336 
Niagara' Falls,  N.  Y.  890. 
Nonquitt,  Mass.  92. 


N.  Duxburr,  Vt  208. 

N.  Easton,  Mass.  58  b. 
Nortbport,  Me.  425. 

Oakland  Beach,  R.  I.  67. 
Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.  400. 
Onset  Bay,  Mass.  54. 
Orange,  Mass.  177. 
Orleans  (Isle  of),  402,  885. 
Osprcy  Beach,  74. 
0.48ipett  Park,  N.  II.  219. 
Otis,  Mass.  143, 148. 
Ottawa,  Can.  400. 

Pawtucket,  R.  I.  62  6. 
Pawtuxet,  R.  I.  C5  a. 
Peabody,  Mass.  419,  253. 
Polham,  Mass.  422, 178  b. 
Peru,  Mass.  110. 
Peterboro,  N.  II.  41.'».  l7tJ. 
Putershurgh.N.  Y.  i78  6. 
Petersham,  Mass  422. 
Phillips  Beach.  408. 
Pictou,  N.  S.  404. 
Pittsfield,  N.  II.  417. 
Poland  Spring,  308. 
Poncmah  Spring,  N.  H.  428. 
Ponkapog,  Mass.  62  a. 
!>owual,  Vt.  178  6. 
l»owwow  Hill,  421. 
Prince  Edward  Island,  404. 
Princeton,  Mass.  412. 
Prudence  Island,  65  b. 
Purgatory,  Mass.  98. 
Putney  Hill,  417. 

Queenstun,  Ont.  895. 

Randolph,  Mass.  88. 
Rangeley  Lakes,  292,  245. 
Raymond,  N  II.  419. 
Readfield,  Me.  308. 
Revere,  Mass.  409. 
Richfield  Springs,  388. 
Richmond,  Mass.  146. 
Richmond,  Vt.  204,  208. 
Rimouski,  P.  Q.  402 
Rindge,  N.  H.  413. 179. 
Rochester.  N.  Y.  389. 
Rocky  Point,  R.  1.  65  a. 
Rome,  N.  Y.  388. 
Roseland  Park,  Conn.  118. 
Royalston,  Moss.  177. 
Rutland,  Mass.  411. 

Salisbury,  Mass.  420,  260. 
Sandown,  N   H.  414. 
Saxonville,  Mass.  124. 
Schenectady,  N.  Y.  387. 
Seal  Harbor,  Me.  307. 
Sharon,  Mass.  62  b. 
Shelburne  Falls,  178  a. 
Sbippigan,  N.  B.  403 
Shrewsbury  Peak,  181. 


Silver  Lake,  Mass.  61. 
Silver  Spring.  R.  I.  65  a. 
Somerville,  405,  249,  276. 
S.  Acton,  Mass.  410. 
Southburo,  Mass.  424. 
S  Boston,  Mass.  19. 
Southbridge,  Miuts.  117,  99. 
S.  Ditxbury,  Mass.  51. 
S.  Nutiuk,  Mass.  124. 
Southwick,  Mass.  110. 
8.  Wjlliumstown,  167,  146. 
Spofford  Lake,  180,  lOa 
Squirrel  Island,  425. 
Sterling,  Mass.  104. 
Stoughton,  Mass.  38. 
Sturbriilge,  Mass.  117,  99L 
Suffleld.  Conn.  133. 
Sugar  Hill,  234  a. 
Sullivan,  Me.  307. 
Sumnicrside,  P.  E.  I.  404. 
Suncook,  N.  H.  417, 194. 
Sunset  Rock,  Mass.  36. 
Si^ampscott.  Mass.  407, 251. 
Syauey,  C.  B.  406. 
Syracuse,  N,  Y.  889. 

Templeton,  Mass.  422. 
Thornton,  N.  il.  242. 
Thousand  Islands,  899. 
Tim  Pond,  Me.  294. 
Tiverton,  R.  I.  40. 
Toronto,  Ont.  897. 
Trenton  Falls,  388. 
Troy,  N.  H.  179. 
Tyngsboro,  Mass.  191. 
Tyringham,  Mass.  148. 

V7achusett,  Mt.  412, 177. 
TValden  Pond,  407. 
Wales,  Mass.  99. 
Wallingford,  Conn.  141. 
Ware,  Mass.  421. 
Warner,  N.  H.  196. 
Warramaug  Lake,  113. 
Warwick  Neck,  65  a,  67. 
Watatic,Mt.  177. 
Webster,  N.  H.  197. 
Weir  Junction,  39,  00. 
Wentworth  (The),  267. 
W.  Boylston,  Mass.  104. 
Westford,  Mass.  411, 176, 
Westmoreland,  N.  II.  180. 
Weston,  Mass,  175. 
Whirlpool  (The),  395. 
Whykokomagh,  C.  B.  404. 
Winchendon, 413,  422, 
Windham,  N.  II.  414. 
Winthrop.  Mass.  409,  20. 
Wolcott,  Conn.  OG 
Wollaston  Heights.  37. 
Worcester,  Mass.  411. 127. 
Worthington,  Mass.  148. 

Zoar,  Mass.  178  a. 


'I,' 


■'I' 


il!i, 
*(.«;■ 


'  I'? 
1  li  I 


■V 


ii 


% 


450 


INDEX. 


Index  of  Biitorioal  Allniloni. 


ii\ 


r 


!' 


jt 


'.  :i' 


U^ 


ir>  ^« 


Albany,  N.  T.  849. 

BniiKcr,  Me.  3]fl. 

liuttle  of  Deiinington  186. 

Bloody  Brook  162. 

Bunker  Hill  20. 

CaHtine  302. 

the      Chesapeake     and 
Shannon  255. 

Hiiblmrdton  187. 

tlie  IndianH  160. 

Lake  Geoii^e  866. 

Lexington  28. 

Pequawket  286. 

Pei|Uot  Hill  72. 

PlattslHirjj  367. 

Quebec  370. 

Bnratoga  355. 

TuHJcr's  Fulls  178. 
Biddeford  269. 
Block  Island  71. 
Boston  7. 

Braintree,  Mass.  88. 
Bridgeport,  Conn.  85. 
Brooktield,  Mass.  130. 
Brunswick,  Me.  809. 
Burlington.  Vt.  867. 
Cape  Ann  248. 
Cape  Cod  65. 
Castine,  Me.  302. 
Chambly,  Can,  208. 
Charlestown,  N.  H.  165. 
Concord,  N.  H.  194. 
Crown  Point,  N.  Y.  864. 
Cuttyhunk,  Mass.  92. 


Danbury,  Conn.  116. 
Deertleld,  Mass.  103. 
Dover.  N.  H.  282. 
Duxbury,  Mass.  60. 
Fort    Montgomery,  844. 
Fort  Ticonderoga,  362. 
Fryeburg,  Me.  286. 
Hadley,  Mass.  101. 
Hampton,  y.  H.  262. 
Isles  of  Shoals  206. 
Kennebuuk,  Me.  268. 
Lake  Chaniplain  301. 
Lake  Oeorge  367. 
Lebanon,  Conn.  98. 
Litchfield,  Conn.  112.  113. 
Londonderry,  N.  H.  279. 
Louisburg  Campaigns  7. 
Lynn,  Mass.  250. 
Marblehead,  Moss.  266. 
Marshpee,  Mass.  66. 
Martha's  Vlneyai-d  59. 
Mllford,  Conn.  84. 
Montreal  368. 
Mount  Desert  306. 
Nantucket  00. 
Narragausett    Fort   Fight 

69. 
Natiek,  Mass.  125. 
New  Bedford,  Mass.  90. 
New  Haven,  Conn.  77. 
New  London,  Conn.  72. 
New  York  328. 
Newburyport,  Mass.  260. 
Newport,  R.  I.  40, 


Norridgewock,  Me.  298. 
Northampton,  Maaa.  169. 
Pemaquld,  Me.  209. 
Phlpsburg,  Me.  297. 
Pilgrim  Compact  68. 
Plymouth,  Mum.  61, 
Portland,  Me.  271. 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.  261. 
Providenro,  R.  I.  68. 
Quebec  876. 
Rhode  Island  46. 
Rye,  N.  H.  263, 
St.  John,  N,  B.  321. 
Salem,  Mass.  253. 
Salisbury,  Conn.  123. 
Saybrook,  Conn.  76. 
Scarborough,  Me.  270. 
Southport,  Conn.  87. 
Springtield,  Mass.  131. 
Stockbridge,  Mass.  149k 
Stonington,  Conn.  71. 
Stony  Point,  N.  Y.  84a 
Sudbury,  Mass.  125. 
Tbomastou,  He.  801. 
Warwick,  R.  I,  67. 
Wells,  Me.  268. 
West  Point,  N.  Y.  344. 
Whitehall,  N.  Y.  856. 
White  Mts,  222. 
Windsor,  Conn.  183, 
Wontester,  Mass.  129. 
Yale  College  76,  76,  80. 
York,  Me.  267. 


Index  of  Biogn^aphioal  Allnsione. 


Adams,  Charles  Francis  38. 
Adams,  John  37. 
Adams,  John  <i,ulncy  87. 
Adams,  Samuel  13. 
Allen,  Ethan  201,  363. 
Allen,  William  146. 
AUston,  Washington's:^,  46. 
Ames,  Fisher  117. 
Andre,  Major  John  3^3. 
Andrew,  Gov.  John  A.  24. 
Arnold,  Benedict  342,  303,  376. 
Banks,  Nathaniel  P.  175. 
Barlow,  Joel  116. 
Barnards,  the  163. 
Barnum,  Phineas  T.  86. 
Bee<;her,  Heniy  Ward  113. 
Beecher,  Lyman  79,  113. 
Bellows,  Heniy  W.  181. 
Berkeley,  Dean  Geoi-ge  46. 
Bowdoin,  James  92,  310. 
Brentons,  the  46. 
Brooks,  Go7.  John  189. 
Brovm,  CoL  John  162,  368,  863. 


Brown,  John  162,  113. 

Bryant,  WUliam  Cullen  110, 167,  840. 

Casey,  Gen.  Silas  67. 

Cass,  Lewis  281. 

Chamberlain,  Gov.  J.  L.  311. 

Champlain,  Samuel  de  361,  61,  55. 

Champlin  Com.  Stephen  68. 

Channing,  William  Ellery  43. 

Chase,  Bishop  Philander  166. 

Chase,  Chief-Justice  Salmon  P.  166. 

Chase,  Senator  DudLy  166. 

Choate,  Rufus  257.  .    , 

Cole,  Thomas  348. 

Copley,  John  Singleton  31. 

Crosswell,  Hariy  79. 

Dane,  Nathan  256. 

Davenport,  Abraham  89. 

Duwes,  Henry  L.  110. 

Dickinson,  Daniel  S.  116. 

Diz,  John  A.  197. 

DixwfcU,  John  80. 

Douglas,  Stephen  A.  183. 

Downesi  Com.  John  62. 


INDEX. 


451 


Tl(lgewock,Me.m 
rthainpton,  Mmb.  16». 
aauuld.  Me.  299. 
Ipsburg,  Me.  297. 
grtm  Compact  68. 
nnouth,  Mass.  61. 
rtknd,  Me.  271. 
rtsiiiouth,  N.  H.  261. 
ovideiioo,  R.  I.  w> 
leVtec  370. 
lode  Isliind  46. 
m,  N.  H.  2«3, 
'  John.  N.B.  321. 
ileui,  Mass.  263. 
illsbuiy,  Conn.  123. 
lybrook,  Conn.  75. 
mrborough,  Me.  270. 
outhport.  Conn.  87. 
prinitlleUl,  Mass.  131. 
tockbridge.  Mass.  149. 
tonington  Conn.  71. 
tony  Point,  N.  /  •  »** 
iiidbury,  Mass.  125. 
'bomaston,  r\e.  801. 
Vavwluk,  U.  I.  67. 
,Vell3,  Me.  26S. 
kVest  Point,  N.Y.  344. 
AThitehall,  N.  Y.  856. 
White  Mts.  222. 
Windsor,  Conn.  133. 
Worcester,  Mass.  1^». 
Yale  College  76,  76,  80. 
York,  Me.  267. 


lioni. 


Dudley,  Gov.  Thomas  86. 

Baton,  Gen.  William  130. 

Edwards,  Jonathan  150,  159. 

Eliot,  John  30,  120. 

Ellsworth,  Oliver  184. 

Enierson,  Ralph  Waldo  28. 

Fes.ienden.  William  Pitt  197. 

FieUls.  the  150. 

Fisk,  Wilbur  103. 

Foote,  Admiral  Andrew  H.  79. 

Franklin,  Benjamin  11. 

Garrison,  William  Lloyd  261. 

Gays,  the  24. 

Goffe,  Gen.  William  161. 

Goodrich,  C.  A.  79. 

Goodrich,  8.  G.  116. 

Gorton,  Samuel  67. 

Grants,  the  134. 

Greeley,  Horace  192. 

Greene,  Gen.  G.  S.  67. 

Greene,  Gen.  Nathaniel  67. 

Grow,  Galusha  A.  lis. 

Hale,  Senator  John  P.  213,  281. 

Halleck,  Fit*  Greene  76. 

Hancock,  John  38. 

Haraden,  Capt.  Jonathan  248. 

Hawthorne,  Nathaniel  254,  28,  210,  .Sll. 

Hazens,  the  280. 

Holmes,  Oliver  Wendell  30,  146. 

Hooker,  Gen.  Joseph  162. 

Hosmer,  Harriet  G.  35. 

Howai-d,  Gen.  Oliver  O.  291. 

Howe,  Elias,  Jr.  130. 

Hudson,  Hendric.k  55,  340. 

Ives,  Bishop  Levi  8.  140. 

Judson,  Adoniram  275. 

Knowlton,  Col.  Thomas  118. 

Knox,  Gen.  Henry  .301. 

Lander,  Gen.  F.  W.  254. 

Lawrences,  the  279. 

Lincoln,  Gen.  Benjamin  24. 

Longfellow,  Henry  W.  33,  311. 

Lowell,  James  Russell  30. 

Lyon,  Gen.  Nathaniel  118. 

Mansfield,  Gen.  J.  K.  F.  107. 

Marsh,  Geo.  P.  199. 

Mead,  Larkin  G.  103. 

Melville,  Herman  146. 

Miantonomoh,  72.  97. 

Miller,  William  146. 

Mills,  Samuel  J.  156. 

Munis,  Rabbi  Judah  126. 

Morse,  S.  F.  B.  79,  346. 

Murrav,  John  246. 

Itfuiray,  W.  H.  H.  76. 

Nonuuteno  98. 


Nott,  Ellphale'  118. 

Oasoli,  Margaret  Fuller,  Cotmteat  d'  80. 

Paine,  Thomas  90. 

Parker,  Thomas  2(K).  i 

Passaconaway,  194,  220,  222. 

Pcppcrell,  Sir  William  206. 

Pen^ival,  James  Gates  140. 

Perry,  Com.  Oliver  Hazard  68.  -   ' 

Philip,  Kinj,'  (Mi. 

Phips,  Sir  William  298. 

Pickering,  Timothy  254. 

Pierce,  Franklin  196,  311. 

Powers,  Hiram  1!)!!. 

Preble,  Com.  Edward  272. 

Prescott,  William  H.  254,  105. 

Putnam,  Gen.  Israel  119,  89,  264. 

Rale,  Sebastian  '293. 

Rantoul,  Rol)ei-t,  Jr.  256. 

Rum  ford.  Count  195. 

St.  Castine,  Vincent,  Baron  de  802. 

Sandeman,  Robert  116. 

Saxe,  John  Godfrey  208. 

Seabury,  Bishop  Samuel  74. 

Shaw,  Henry  W.  ("Josh.  Billings")  isa 

Shcnnan,  Roger  79. 

Silliman,  Bei^amin  79. 

Smith,  Joseph  200.  ' 

Standlsh,  Miles  51.  ' 

Stowe,  Mrs.  Harriet  Beecher  113. 

Stuart,  Gill»ert  C.  68.  > ' 

Thoreau,  Henry  D.  28. 

Ticknor,  George  17,  167. 

TtumbuUs,  the  98. 

'       as,  72,  97. 

^rd.  Gen.  Artemas  126. 

'I'd,' Gen.  F.  T.  254.  ■■  > 

len,  Joseph  27. 
V\  ashbumes,  the  291. 
Webster,  Daniel  49,  287, 197,  210. 
Webster,  Noah  79. 
Whitefleld,  George  259. 
Wliitney,  Prof.  W.U.  159. 
Whittier,  John  Greenleaf  261. 
Williams,  Col.  Ephraim  156,  356. 
Williston,  Samuel  110. 
Wilson,  Henry  282. 
Winslow,  Admiral  John  A,  50. 
Winslow,  Gov.  Edward  50. 
Winslow,  Gen,  John  50. 
Winslow,  Gov.  Josiah  50. 
Wlnthrop,  John  14. 
Wlnthrop,  Theodore  79. 
Wolcotts,  the  134. 
Wonnolancet  194. 
Young,  Brlgham  104,  200. 


m 


jlliir 


Index  of  Quotations. 


Adams,  John  Quincy  38,  58. 
Andrew.  John  A.  149. 
Bartol,  Dr.  C.  A.  215. 


Beecher,  Henry  Ward  105, 114, 117,  121, 
122,  147,  148,  149,  151,  152,  153,  205. 
Berkeley,  Dean  45. 


469 


INDEX. 


*■'  i 


i""!,! 


Biard,  Father  807. 

Bivnier,  Fredrika  28,  147.  100,  217.  238. 

Bryant,  William  Ciilleu  161. 

Burl<e,  Eilinuml  248. 

Canailian  Hnnd-Hook  174,  290,  872. 

ChaiiiplHin,  Nuniuel  do  361. 

(Jhnpiimn,  Rev.  Dr.  100. 

Charlevoix,  Father  294. 

Chateaubi'iaiKi  :)44. 

Connecticut  LeKiHiatiire  70,  72. 

Coolidge  and  .ManHtleld  lUl.  11)2. 

CoojMsr,  J.  Fenlmoie  20,  21). 

CouHer,  Boston  141. 

Curtis,  George  William  144. 

DIckena,  Charles  9,  10,  lOO,  190. 

Dllke,  Sir  Charles  20,  80,  67,  165,  212, 

878. 
Drake,  Fraunis  8. 13,  28,  42,  60,  160,  261. 
Uwight,  Pres.  Timothy  71,  80.  98,  99, 

146,  168,  249,  200,  276,  306. 
Emerson,  Ralph  Waldo  28. 
Evei-ett,  Edward  27,  62,  156,  215. 
Field,  Darby  222. 
Gookin.  Daniel.  59.  09. 
Greylock,  Go<ln-ey  l43,  146, 146. 
Hawthorne,  Nathaniel  151, 154,  155.  179. 
Hayes,  Dr.  206.  -     .,  •  ,j   ,;, 

Hemans,  Mrs.  52. 

Hitchcock,  Dr.  Edward  152,  178, 179. 
Hoar,  Judge  12». 
Howells,  William  D.  103.  386. 
Humphreys,  Col.  86.  i 

Irving,  Washington  344,  846.       ,  ,  . 
Johnston,  Lady  Arabella  254. 
Josselvii,  John  7,  15. 
Kemble,  Fauuy  147.  * 


King.  Thomaa  Starr  212,  214.  215,  2lfl, 
;         221,  223,  224,  225,  226,  227,  228.  ZK. 

236,  237,  238,  239,  240,  241. 
LewiH,  Alimzo  22. 

Longfellow,  Henry  W.  126.  126,  182,  m, 
I         31),  51.  76,  824. 
jLosHing,  Uenson  J.  78.  356. 
Lyell.  »ir  Ci.arles  CO.  146,  183,  223. 
Marmier,  X.  377. 
Marryatt,  Capt.  143. 
Mather,  Cotton  38,  61,  72,  76,  78,  84,  98. 
I         136,  103,  263.  257.  200. 
Morton,  Thomas  38. 
I'tmanuid :  a  InilUul  300,     • 
Percival,  J.O.  217. 
IMing,  Cnpt.  317. 
Sedgwick,  Miss  143. 
Higourncy,  Mrs.  97,  139. 
Sillinian,  Piof.  109,  140,  147,  877. 
|Smith,  Caiit.  John  49,  65,  257. 
Bouthey,  Robert  189. 
[Taylor,  Bayard  232. 
jThomas.  Judge  129. 
Thoi-ean,  H.  D.  28,  49,  65,  67. 
'Toc<iueville,  de  80. 
Trumbull,  John  159. 
Twain,  Mark  137. 
Warville,  Brissot  de  41,  63,  107,  180, 135. 

264. 
Weymouth,  Capt.  801,  817. 
Whittier,  John  G.  89.  104,  144,  195,  215, 

219,  220.  248.  266,  260,  262.  263,  275. 

294,  305,  821. 
Williams,  Roger  69. 
Winthrop,  Theodore  243,  244,  296,  297. 
Wortley,  Lady  Emma  S.  91,  92,  246. 


>r    .;»    »■.■:     ■    A 


tftiT  812,  214.  215  m 
"'25.  '226.  '2'27.  2'2».  .ii': 
■  '289,  240,  '241. 

'^  W.  125.  126.  13*2.  .!lfl, 

lA. 

J.  78,  366. 
!S  00,  146, 183,  2'23. 

't<l3 

38,'51,  72.  70,78.84.  98. 

3,  '257.  200. 
H  38. 

aiud  300. 
217. 
7. 

1 143. 
I.  97.  139. 
109.  140,  147,  877. 
ohii  49,  65,  257. 
rt  189. 
1  '23'2. 

>.  28,  49,  65,  57. 

ie80. 

1111169. 

ioUo  41.  63. 107. 180. 135. 

'"^oTo  SSI'  144,  195.  215. 
'S8%;2SJ:2S'2:263,-275. 

321 

si  «3,  .«,««;,«■ 

y  Emma  S.  91, 92,  2*0. 


„;r  '^>'-=  ■ ' 


INDEX. 


Index  to  Bailwayi. 


/mW 


Ashtielot  101. 

Athol  iind  EnfleM  100. 

BiiiiKnr  and  FlscntAqiiin  205. 

BoHtori  and  Alluiny  1*24,  141. 

DoHton,  Clinton,  and  FItohbnrff  125 

U<)8t()n.  Conconl.  and  Montrfiiil  '209. 

BoMton.  Ilartronl,  and  Erie  117, 

W(>*)n9<n;l<et  DiviHlon  1'20. 
BiiHton.  Lowell,  and  Nashua  188. 
B<jstnn  and  Maine  '275. 

Dover  and  Winnnpesaukee  282. 
Boston  and  Providence  Hi. 
Cape  Cod  54, 
Cheshire  179. 
Concord  192 

Concord  and  Clarcmont  190, 
Connecticut  and  PodMumpslo  108. 
Connecticut  Kiver  157. 
Connecticut  Valley  106. 
Connecticut  Western  120. 
Dunbury  and-f?orwalk  115. 
Eastern  248. 

Aniesbury  Branch  261. 

Essex  Branch  '25?. 

ilarblehead  Branch  255. 

P.  G.  F.  and  Conway  213. 
European  and  North  American  318. 
Fairhaven  64. 
Fitchburg  175. 
I  Grand  Trunk  287. 

Hartford.  Providence,  and  Fishkill  94. 
Uousatonic  114, 147. 


Knox  and  Lincoln  207. 
I^)wcll  and  Uiwrence  270. 
Maine  Central  307.  309. 

AndroHcoi{)(ln  '2\H. 
MuncheMter  und  Ijawrcnce  273. 
Monudnock  170. 
NutigiitU(tk  111. 

New  Hrunawl<'k  and  Canada  .123. 
New  Haven,  Hartford,  and  fjpringflfld 

133. 
New  Haven  and  Stonington  71. 
New  Havui\  and  Northampton  108. 
New  York  and  New  Haven  84. 
Ncwburyport  '276. 
Northern  (N.  H.)  197. 
New  London  Northern  96. 
Old  Colony  36. 

Portland  und  Ogdensburg  284. 
Portland  and  Rochester  '213. 
Portland  an<l  Oxfonl  Central  287. 
Providence  und  BrlHtol  06. 
Providence  and  Worcester  93. 
Rensselaer  and  Saratoga  187.  360 
Rutland  and  WuHhingtou  187. 
Salem  and  Lowell  255. 
South  Shore  48. 
Stonington  and  Providence  67. 
Vermont  Central  ltM». 

Rutland  Division  ISl. 
Vermont  and  Mass.  177. 
Worcesicr  and  Nashua  104. 


;i  •! 


\'  ■ 


Steamers. 


[Boston  to  Bangor  316. 
"  Hingham  22. 
"  Nahant  20. 
••  St.  John  321. 
iFell  River  Line  47. 
IXorwich        *'    119. 
btonington    "    71. 
"ilaitlia's  Vineyard  59,  92. 
bt.  Lawi-euce  River  873. 
luOsou  "     340. 


Saguenay  River  375,  885. 
Mt.  Desei-t  Line  302. 
Isles  of  Shoals  265. 
Narragausett  Bay  65. 
Casco  "     274. 

Passamaquoddy  Bay  822. 
Lake  Clmmplain  861. 

"    George  357. 

"    Wiuuepesaukee  21ft. 


ii 


''•■I 


11 


ff^fe-  - 

.Jmrrikl 

J'^yiJlMi!,-! 

1    ll 

1'                "i  p 

Kill 

"«r^e   i   -^T.- 


it';!. 


,\ 


|r  r( 


I  r 


i5 


?/f{  «f 


II 


•i 


Pi; 


•Ji    w» 


t;V,-;^i.'i-.*.' 


?l  V^f . 


^n*  'St" 


f  *^      *»«:i-'i.-v>^!:  ' 


!VV    141 


Iwork, 


■«/:■/"■-■' 


,,;    ■'••r  > 


•  •h    I' '■*■''■'''- 


'...-  'i 


...•  ) 


HOWELLS'S    NOVELS. 

Bach  in  i  vol.    tamo.    $1.50. 


THE  MINISTER'S    CHARGE. 

A  novel  full  of  breadth  and  strength,  of  racy  and  delicate  humor,  thor- 
oughly American,  a  genuine  democratic  novel.  —  George  P.  Lathrop, 
in  the  New-York  Star. 

Howells's  pure,  inimitable  fun  is  enough  to  carry  any  story  he  may 
write.  Like  all  true  fun,  this  has  a  most  searching  pathos  all  the  time 
just  at  hand.  We  turn  to  the  simple,  touching  stories  of  William  D. 
Howells,  whose  inimitable  bits  of  humor  do  not  strike  too  hard  on  nature, 
but  rather  serve  as  delicate  illustrations  of  every-day  life,  and  we  feel  as  if 
iniialing  the  odor  of  violets  after  being  oppressed  by  musk  or  Turkish 
attar. — Boston  Tramcript. 


INDIAN   SUMMER. 

The  Montreal  Gazette  says :  "  To  have  written  such  a  book  is  to  deserre 
I  tlie  friendship  of  a  continent ;  to  read  it  is  to  incur  a  debt  of  gratitude  to 

1  the  writer."  t    "• 

The  London  Saturday  Review  says :  "  Around  and  beneath  it  all  is  the 
[exquisite  Italian  atmosphere,  in  which  no  one  knows  better  than  Mr. 
]  Howells  how  to  steep  his  pictures." 

The  Chicago  Tribune  also  finds  this  subtile  characterization :  "  The  city 
Ito which  Mr.  Howells  leads  his  reader  is  not  the  revelling,  brilliant  Florence 
jof  Ouida.  It  is  rather  the  Florence  of  Hawthorne,  —  quaint  and  dream- 
|(ul.  The  story  reminds  one  of  a  plant  which  grows  in  Old- World  gardens, 
[so  unobtrusive  it  is,  and  yet  so  rich  in  suggestion,  so  subtile-scented." 

The  last  LippincotV s  Magazine  says:  "It  will  rank  with  the  most 

Icharming  of  the  author's  work.  ...  It  is  almost  his  first  spiritual  work. 

|Kot  only  has  Mr.  Howells  thus  risen  above  his  own  standards  in  this  latest 

vork,  but  '  '  has  risen  above  the  standard  of  other  novelists  in  one  unique 

Respect." 

The  Pail-Mall  Gazette  says :  "  On  one  point  are  we  absolutely  assured, 
■to  wit,  that  if  a  more  masterly  novel  than  'Indian  Summer 'has  ap- 
peared in  English  within  the  past  year  we  have  not  had  the  good  fortune 
I  fall  in  with  it.  ,  .  .  The  general  sensation  of  life  in  Florence  is  repro- 
fuced  with  delicate  art,  and  to  those  who  love  the  City  of  Flowers  the 
oic  will  have  an  inexhaustible  charm." 


Md  by  all  booksellers.     Sent,  post-paid,  on  receipt  of  irice,  by  the 


mlish 


ers. 


m< 


■'h 

111. 

iiij 


TICKNOR  ft  CO.,  BOSTON. 


lil  t' 


'•*;  r 

■ill  ' 


■\' 


ill  M 


mi 


t 


iih 


I 


HO  WELLS'S    NOVELS. 

Each  in  i  vol.    xsmo.    $i  50. 

THE  RirE  OF  SILAS   LAPHAM. 

The  reading  world  is  more  interested  in  "  Silas  Lapham  "  than  in  any 
novel  that  has  before  come  from  his  pen.  .  .  .  What  Dickens  was  to 
London,  Howells  is  to  Boston.  —  Boston  Herald. 

The  dust  of  his  writings  is  fine  gol^',  —  delightful  in  its  perfection. - 
Philadelphia  Record. 

The  high- water  mark  of  Mr.  Howells' s  great  and  unique  photographic 
genius.  A  marvellously  minute  and  realistic  picture  of  life  in  Boston,  - 
a  miniature  of  high  artistic  value,  delicately  faithful.  — Pali-Mall  Gazette, 

It  is  delicious.  —  Every  Other  Saturday. 

A  work  of  genius  —  a  great  and  perfect  work  of  its  kind.  —  New-York  j 
Star. 

A  story  of  unusually  strong  intention  and  unusually  valuable  sugges;ion, 
—  Beacon, 

Mr.  Howells's  extreme  delicacy  of  humor  and  lightness  of  touch  are| 
unsurpassed  in  perfection  of  literary  form.  —  Minneapolis  Tribune. 

"The  Rise  of  Silas  Lapham"  is  said  to  have  invited  more  discussion  I 
during  its  publication  than  any  serial  since  "Daniel  Deronda."  — /'k^J 
Ushers^  Weekly. 

Irene  Lapham  is  delicious.  —  London  Athenaum,         . .      . . 

It  is  a  noble  story.  .  .  .  The  art  expended  is  wonderful.  Every  line  isj 
as  delicate  as  a  Moorish  filigree.  The  proportions  are  exquisite.  —  Phili-\ 
del  phi  a  Press. 

The  most  important,  impressive,  and  vital  novel  Mr.  Howells  has  yet| 
given  us.  —  Boston  Traveller. 


A    MODERN    INSTANCE. 

His  best  work,  subtile,  observant,  and  strong.  —  Advertiser. 

Will  confirm  the  general  opinion  that  its  author  is  now  publishlnj  tl^ 
best  novel  he  has  yet  produced.  —  New-York  Tribune. 

"A  Modern  Instance"  is  a  thoroughly  interesting  novel.  It  is  onecB 
those  books  for  which  the  stock  phrase  of  laudation  is  that  the  reader  cm 
not  lay  them  down  till  he  has  finished  them.  — Pall-Mall  Gazette  {Londor^ 

There  has  been  no  more  rigidly  artistic  writing  done  in  America  sinc^ 
Hawthorne's  time.  —  The  Critic  (New  York). 

Worthy  of  a  place  beside  some  of  the  finest  of  George  Eliot's  creation! 
—  The  Scotsman  {Edinburgh). 

Since  "  Uncle  Tom's  Cabin  "  there  has  appeared  no  American  worln 
fiction  of  greater  power  to  affect  public  sentiment.  —  Century  MagcMl 


I  of  the : 

I  cold  abs 
In  del 
JAroosto( 
jof  the 
|»uthor'i_ 
I  Tribune 


luthor  is  now  publishins  M 
t  Tribune. 

[resting  novel.    It  is  one  ( 

dation  is  that  the  reader « 

\>alt-^f all  Gazette  i,Londor:A 

[iting  done  in  America  sincj 
of  George  Eliot's  creation 

peared  no  American  work  o 

\txit.  — Century  Magazm 


HOWELLS'S    NOVELS. 

Each  in  i  vol.    i2mo.    $1.50. 


A    WOMAN'S   REASON. 

In  no  previous  work  has  he  exhilnted  so  firm  and  comprehensive  a  grasp 
of  his  subj3ct,  so  much  unity  of  design  and  execution.  — Boston  Courier. 

There  is  a  charming  play  of  fancy ;  there  are  what  we  may  call  flashes 
of  imagination  .  .  .  fascinating  from  the  first  paragraph.  —  New-York 
Tribune. 

An  exqui^e  piece  of  workmanship.  —  Rochester  Union. 

An  exquisite  creation. ...  In  the  best  sense  of  a  word  the  limitations  of 
which  Mr.  Howells  recognizes  most  clearly,  his  work  is  artistic.  — Detroit 
Free  Press. 

It  is  the  best  novel  Mr.  Howells  has  yet  written.  His  heroine  is  de- 
cidedly, charmingly,  touchingly,  provokingly  drawn  after  an  entirely  origi- 
nal pattern.  —  Boston  Home  Journal. 

As  artistic  fiction  it  stands  at  the  fore  of  all  that  Mr.  Howells  has 
written.  —  Boston  Herald. 

The  most  spontaneous  and  natural  of  Mr.  Fowells's  recent  novels.  .  »  , 
It  abounds  in  Mr.  Howells's  quiet  humor.  — t Mladelphia  Press. 

Drawn  with  tlie  hand  of  a  master  .  .  .  full  of  life-like  humor.  —  Boston 
Advertiser, 

One  of  the  most  finished  productions  in  fiction.  —  Tlte  Independent. 


A   FEARFUL    RESPONSIBILITY, 
AND  OTHER  STORIES. 

In  the  same  volume  are  included  the  marvellously  humorous 
and  amusing  story,  entitled  '*  At  the  Sign  of  the  Savage,"  and 
I  the  highly  finished  study  of   Venetian  life,  entitled  "Tonelli's 
Marriage." 

The  choicest  thing  in  current  fiction.  —  Hartford  Courant. 

The  style  is  exquisite.  —  New-York  Tribune. 

This  last  production  by  Mr.  Howells  signally  exhibits  his  wonderful 
lability  in  delineating  all  the  lights  and  shades  of  feminine  feeling,  and  pre- 
jssrving,  among  a  labyrinth  of  seeming  contradictions,  the  personal  identity 
[of  the  creatures  of  his  lively  imagination,  who  are  living  entities  and  not 
I  cold  abstractions.  —  Boston  Transcript. 

In  delicacy  and  felicity  of  motive  it  reminds  one  of  •'  The  Lady  of  the 
I  Aroostook,"  though  neither  the  characters  nor  the  situations  resemble  those 
|of  the  novel,  and  in  the  quality  of  humor  it  is  stronger  tlian  any  cf  the 
jiuthor's  late  productions.  The  style,  of  course,  is  exquisite.  —  New-York 
I  Tribune. 


P^ 


m  \ 


% ' 


:,;i|l'| 


;!'P  ' 


Pii 

um:d; 


W' 


^i 


If 


?  f "     *  a 


H 


AD  VERT18EMENT3. 


HorsSiS 

Mm  Fhosfmati 

Prepared  according  to  the  directions  of 
Prof.  E.  N.  Horsford. 


.(; 


FOR      DYSPEPSIA, 

NERVOUSNESS,    EXHAUSTION,    TIRED    BRAIN, 

and    all    diseases    arising    from    indigestion  I 
and  nervous  exhaustion.      '    •"  - 

A  preparation  of  the  phosphates  and 
phosphoric  acid  in  the  form  required  byl 
the  system. 

-     It    aids    digestion,   and    is   a  brain    and] 
nerve  food. 

It  makes  a  deh'cious  drink  with  wateij 
and  sugar  only,  and  agrees  with  such  stinij 
ulants  as  are  necessary  to  take. 

DESCRIPTIVE     PAMPHLET    FREE. 

RUMFORD  CHEMICAL  WORKS,  PROVIDENCE,  li 


w 


Beware  of  Substitutes  and  fmitations,      mt. 


AD  VERTISEMENTS. 


BOSTON 

Daily 


^.  .t- 


•■^*:-^*«^r  >«#*•>. 


■w- 


ADVERTISER. 


The  Leading  Family  Paper  of  New  Eng- 
land, Clean,  Full  in  its  News  and  its 
Departments.  An  Indispensable  in  every 
conseroative  home. 


'i'MMJ:..i"^.'J. 


BOSTON 


'vr^'. 


Evening 


Record. 


:\i't.\'*    'i."l-'i'".^ii  % 


The  Brightest,  Spiciest,  and  Cleanest  Pa- 
^er  in  Boston,    No  one  can  afford  to  miss 


md  fmifation!*' 


V. 


:rf'»  J *',-;.  "f 


■if 


:%' 


AD  VERTISEMEJTS. 


Summer  Board  by  the  Season  or  Permanent. 


':\ 


P-     ■  5  !  'Ill'     (. 
.HI     t.     , 


:  .ftSii- 


STRICTLY    F      «T-CLASS. 


4l 


AND    COTTAGES, 

OPEN  FROM  APRIL  15  TO  DECEMBER  I 

WYOMiiNG,  m:ass. 

On  f*c  6or.fer»  of  Wj/otning  ILake  or  Spot  Pond,  three  fourths 

mile  from  Wyoming  Station,  on  the  Soaton  &  JUaine  Railroad, 

twenty  tninutea  frovn,   JBoston   Ity   train,   or  forty  minutes  by 

Caii'idffc. 

EI&HT  AND  A  HALF  CElTT  FASES. 

THE   PRESENT   CAPACITY  OF   THE   LANGWOOD 
IS   130   FIRST-CLASS   GUESTS. 

F'..rnace-heat.    Open  Fires.    Sanitary  Plumbinf?.    Pine  Groves.  Farm 

aid  Dairy  connected.    Boating  and  Fishing;  on  the  Lake.    Beautiful 

Walks  and  Drives.    There  are  accommodations  for  from  forty  to  fifty 

Horses  and  accompaniments.     No  Nurpe  Girls  Allowed  in  the  Guests' 

Dining-room.    Nurse  Girls  and  Children's  Dining-room  is  separate  from 

the  Guests'  Hall.     No  Dogs  allowed  in  house  or  grounds,  but  there  are 

kennels  provided. 

TRAINS.  —  The  following  are  a  few  of  the  most  convenient  trains  that  l<^avp 
the  Vioston  <fc  Maine  Depot,  in  Boston,  far  Wyoming  Station,  for  mspcctinr  if 
th" ho^^^(e:  8 30,  lO'io,  11.30  A.  M.,  1>.25, 1.30,  and  '2.30  p.  m.  •  here  are  60  daily au' 
24  Sunday  trains,  the  last  train  out  leaving  at  11.15  p.  m.,  on  week  days. 


Address 
O.  Box  378,  Melrose,  Mass. 


H.  li.  BUTTER  FIELD, 

Jfo.  28  Stale  Street,  Room  47,  Eost<Jtt- 


rreleplione  'N'o.  55;31. 


"J  f  X  * 


This  house  has  been  open  four  years,  and  has  a  list  of  the  best  of  | 
<*eferences  from  former  and  present  patrons. 


)K  PERMANENT. 


ling.    Pine  Groves.  Paim 

on  the  Lake.    Beautiful 

ns  for  from  forty  to  fifty 

Is  «Uowed  in  the  Guests' 

Lff-room  is  separate  from 

or  grounds,  but  there  are 

|p.  M.    '  li<*re  are  60  aauy  ■"• 
Im*.,  on  weekdays. 

II..  BUTTER  FIEI.D. 

Slate  Street.  Room  i1.  Boiti^- 


has  a  list  of  the  best  of  I 
ssent  patrons. 


AD  VER  TISE  MESTS. 


A  G0MP0SWE  PH0T0SRAPH  0P  THE 
PRESS  0P  THE  1SIAT10N. 


Public  *  ©pinion 


Each  week  presents  its  readers  with  the  most  able 
opinions  of  the  representative  papers  of  the  country 
on  all  leading  topics  of  the  day,  tvhetlier  Political, 
Financial,  Scientific,  Religious,  or  Idterary* 

4,000  NEWSFAPESS  AND  MAGAZINES   ABE  CASEFULLT 

BEAD  EVERT  WEEK  BY  THE  EDITOBIAL 

COBPS  OF  PUBLIC  OPINION, 

And  the  best  opinions  nnd  arguments  on  all  leading  current  topics 
are  pathered  into  each  issue  of  the  paper.     Therefore,  to  be  a 

READER   OF    PUBLIC    OPINION    18   TO   BE    WELL   INFORSIED. 

The  continued  pucccas  of  Pfblic  Opinion,  which  is  made  up  entirely  of  repre- 
gpntative  selections  from  the  leading  Journals  of  the  country,  is  a  matter  of  oublio 
congraiulation,  as  showing  thaf  the  people  are  studying  public  problems  with  some 
degree  of  felrmlndednesa  and  care  j  he  success  of  the  Journal  Is  one  of  the  surest 
signs  of  a  high  civilization  in  the  United  .States.  —  Boston  Transcript. 

PcBLio  Opinion  has  fairly  vindicated  Its  place  as  a  weekly  Journal  which  gives 
busy  people  who  wi,-h  to  count  up  results  nuickly  what  they  most  detlrc  to  know 
as  the  current  thinking  on  public  questions.  To  this  class  Public  Opinion  Is 
indispensable.  —  Boston  Herald. 

It  Is  little  to  be  wondered  at  that  PrsLic  Opinion  has  a  large  circulation,  not 
onlv  in  every  State  and  Territory  but  in  every  civilized  country  in  the  world.  •  .  . 
Such  a  compendium  is  simply  invaluable,  —  fioi^on  Congregationalist. 

Public  Opinion  is  the  best  organ  existing  for  all  who,  like  myself,  wish  to 
know  what  people  arc  thinking,  saying,  .and  doing,  on  all  public  questions,  but  who 
have  not  mon-y  to  buy.  or  time  to  read,  a  number  of  newspapers. — Ksv.  James 
JlcCosH,  'D.D.f'LL.Ti.,  President  Princeton  College. 

I  have  found  Public  Opinion  an  exceedingly  usefViI  paper.  It  gives  a  busy 
man  at  a  glance  that  which  it  would  take  him  days  to  search  out  for  himself.  — 
H  N.  Joseph  B   Hawlkt,  U.  S.  Senate. 

Public  Opinion  is  a  great  blessing  to  all  busy  men  They  can  find  collected 
and  arranged  the  best  cxprobsions  from  all  the  leading  newspapers  upon  all  current 
Ouestlons.  It  makes  it  easy  and  pleasant  to  keep  informed.  I  would  not  be  with- 
out It.  —  Hon.  J.  B.  FoBAKtR,  Govenior  of  Ohio. 

The  news  which  Public  Opinion  gives,  the  labor  It  saves,  and  the  satisfaction 
lialnc'd  by  Its  readers,  are  worth  $1()0  per  year.— Jldgb  F.  Cabboll  Bbewsteb, 

Philadelphia. 

1  wish  to  bear  testimony  to  the  value  of  Pcbiic  Opinion.  Formerly,  to  keep 
informed  of  the  drlfc  of  editorial  views,  I  was  obliged  to  read  regularly  a  consiaer- 
able  number  of  newspapers ;  now  I  rely  almost  entirely  upon  your  excellent  Jour- 
nal, and  obtain  the  Information  I  need  wif h  the  expenditure  of  but  a  small  fraction 
of  the  time.  —  L.  S.  Metcalf,  Editor  "  The  Forum." 

Public  Opinion  has  such  variety,  impartiality,  breadth,  nnd  timeliness  that  It 
deserves  the  largest  success.  I  value  it  quite  as  highly  as  any  one  «)t'  the  twenty- 
flve  or  thirty  Journals  which  I  examine  weekly.  —Rev.  Joseph  Cook,  Boston. 

Send  stamp  for  sample  copy, 

THE  PUBLIC  OPINION  CO , 


140  Nassau  St., 
NEW  YORK  CITY. 


WASHINGTON,    D.  O. 


% 


•!■ 


(■X 


(■■  I 


liSBstcsa 


:fv. 


fr 


?!! 

'Hi 

'...■■■>, 

1             ; 

If- 

r5?^SSli^iS5»5rvs.*ii, 


THOi^^SOM    €MC    mOMrOM 


THE    VENDOME, 

€or)»er  Conimontvealth  Avenue  and  Dartmouth  Streetl 

BOSTON. 

The  Hotel  Yendome  is  one  of  the  largest  and  finest  hotel  structures  i 
this  country.    Its  elegance,  spaciousness,  sanitary  excellence,  and  uneqnallej 
location  make  it  most  desirable  for  transient  visitors  and  tourists.    It  is  i 
peculiarly  attractive  as  a  residence  for  ladies  and  families. 

It  is  situated  in  the  Back  Bay  District,  one  of  the  grandest  architectn 
sections  to  be  found  in  any  country,  and  surrounded  by  noteworthy  pul)licbuiM| 
ings,  —  the  Art  Museum,  Public  Library,  Trinity, Kew Old  South,  First  Bapti 
and  other  prominent  churches,  and  schools,  both  public  and  private. 

Commonwealth  Avenue  (extending  from  the  Public  Garden  to  the  new  Pa 
upon  which  the  Vendome  has  its  main  front,  is  acknowledged  to  be  the  fiw 
boulevard  in  America.     It  is  two  hundred  and  forty  feet  wide,  and  through^ 
centre  is  an  improved  Park,  one  hundred  feet  wide,  lined  with  trees  and  sLn 
while  facing  it  are  the  most  costly  and  beautiful  residences  in  the  city. 


C.  H.  GBEENLEAF  &  CO.,  Fropriet( 


C,  H.  Gbeenlbaf, 
Of  Profile  House,  White  Mts. 


BABNES  &  DUHKLBB, 

Of  Hotel  Brunswick, 


AMEI 

,    We 
clear,  a 
ltd 
Ac; 

IVourl 


JLtt'#. 


'lA,     ■■■■■    ■ 


iT^'fE'-^ 


^i.      /v. 

It^'flAJIk 

fmm^v\ 

i^^.   '-- 

£^3^^^''^^::s;ri«j-:f^ 


OME, 

d  ztarttnouth  Stree 


and  flneBt  hotel  »truct«re.t 
ry  excellence,  and  unequallj 

sitorB  and  tourlflta.    It  is' 

I  fainiUea. 

of  the  grandest  architect 

ledbynotewortHypuW'cH 

I,  Kew  Old  South,  First  Bapti^ 

'  public  and  private, 
ublic  Garden  to  the  new  P« 

J  acknowledged  to  be  the  fiw 

Lty  feet  wide,  and  through] 
Ide,  lined  with  trees  and  8brf 

residences  In  the  city. 
fl^EAT  &  CO.,  ProprieK 

'  Hotel  Brunswlcfc, »" 


AD  VER  TI SEME  NTS. 


THE    BOSTON    POST. 

AN    INDEPENDENT    DAILY    NEWSPAPER. 

5  Pages,  $6.00  a  Year,  2  Cents  a  Copy. 

During  tho  past  eighteen  months  the  Tost  has  rapidly  grown  in  public  fbvor 
ana  has  greatly  extended  its  influence  throughout  Now  England.  It  has  secured  a 
ponnantnt  position  uiiang  the  leading  daily  papcm  in  the  United  States.  It  has 
aimed  to  raise  tho  standard  of  journalism  by  treating  all  political  and  other  questions 
of  public  Interest  with  fairness,  frankness,  and  decency.  It  is  the  al)ie8t  and  truest 
reproseatative  in  New  England  of  the  reform  tendencies  of  the  present  national 
administration. 

The  Eflltorlal  HxpregftlonH  of  the  paper  are  marked  by  candor,  courtesy,  and 
ability.  The  literary  tono  Is  of  a  finer  quality  than  that  of  any  other  daily  paper 
in  New  ongland  The  leading  book  reviews  and  literary  articles  are  written  by 
tho  ablest  and  keenest  critics  connected  with  the  American  press. 

The  News  of  the  Day,  gathered  by  a  large  corps  of  correspondents  and  re- 
porters in  all  populous  places  throughout  tho  country.  Is  presented  in  the  mst 
compact  and  best-edited  form.  Arrangements  have  been  made  to  secure,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  Associated  Press  despatches,  fuller  special  despatches  than  heretofore 
from  all  news  centres. 

In  the  Special  Money  Market  Reports,  In  addition  to  the  dally  review  of 
what  Investors  are  doing,  the  tendencies  in  stockti,  bonds  and  kindred  securities, 
will  bo  found  each  Monday  the  Clearing  House  Ketums  from  all  the  monetary 
centres  in  the  country.  This  Is  printed  nowhere  else,  and  Is  alone  worth  the 
year's  subscription. 

The  Commercial  Record  contains  dally  reports  of  the  Boston  markets  and 
telegraphic  advices  from  all  commercial  centres,  with  other  information  of  value 
to  shippers  and  buyers.  Care  Is  taken  to  make  these  reports  thorough  and 
accurate. 

The  Ship  News  Is  more  complete  In  the  Tost  than  In  any  other  daily  paper  In 
New  England. 

The  Weekly  Post,  containing  in  the  fifty-two  numbers  of  the  year  nearly  three 
thousand  columns  of  fresh  and  valuable  matter.  Is  now  furnished  to  subscribers 
for  $1.00  a  year. 
Sample  copies  will  be  sent,  without  charge,  to  any  part  of  the  United  States, 

THE  LAWS  OF  EUCHRE,  As  adopted  by  the  Somerset  Club  of  Bos- 
.   ton,  March  1,  1888,  witli  some  suggestions  about  the  play.    By  H.  C. 
Lke:ds  and  James  DwiOHT.    1vol.    16mo.    60  cents. 

,  ' '  I'he  Laws  of  Euchre  "  Is  the  title  of  a  new  and  admirable  treatise  on  the  favor- 
ite American  game  at  cards,  in  which  the  authoritative  rules  are  set  forth  simply, 
concisely,  and  plainly,  according  to  the  new  enactments  of  the  Somerset  Club,  two 
of  whose  best-known  members,  Mr.  Herbert  C.  Leeds  and  Dr.  James  D wight,  have 
prepared  this  little  volume,  and  added  to  it  an  invaluable  series  of  general  remarks 
as  to  "  tho  play."  Most  of  tha  treatises  on  card  games  are  so  voluminous  that 
people  who  play  for  amusement  are  repelled  from  them,  and  prefer  to  play  bumble- 
puppy  ;  but  "  The  Laws  of  Euchre  "  can  be  read  through  in  half  an  hour,  and  made 
an  integral  part  of  one's  card-consciousness  in  a  few  caref\il  games ;  and  then  the 
player  can  fully  enjoy  his  game. 

WHIST  UNIVERSAL.     An  Analysis  of  the  Oame,  improved  by  the 
introduction  of  American  Leads.    By  G.  W.  P.    $1.25. 

"  Whist  Universal  "  is  now  the  one  guide-book  for  the  great  game.  All  the 
maxims  that  we  need  of  all  the  authorities,  in  connection  with  the  respective 
subject-matter  to  which  they  apply,  are  within  the  covers  of  this  compilation. 
Tile  book  is  full  of  the  moat  desirable  information  upon  the  game,  and  easily  takes 
the  lead  of  every  .vhist  treatise  in  quantity  and  quality  of  whist  intelligence. 

AMERICAN  WHIST.    By  G.  W.  P.    Tenth  edition.    «1.00. 

We  commend  this  handbook  to  all  lovers  of  the  noble  game,  as  being  practical, 
clear,  and  ftill,  without  fulling  into  prolixity.—  Courier. 

h  deserves  to  be  on  the  tables  of  all  good  whist-players  in  the  land.  —  N.  F.  Mail. 
A  capital  handbook  to  the  first  of  all  games  of  cards.  —  Chicago  Tiibune. 


^ For  sale  by  all  booksellers.  Sent,  post-paid,  upon  receipt  of  price.  Catalogues 


Wour  books  mailed  free, 


TICKNOR  &  CO.,  BOSTON. 


i 

'ff 

1 

^'1 

If  p 

'.r 

rr~: 


1   • 


t'  a 


IMM 


AD  VER  TI  SEME  NT  a. 


B*'".      t  AND  PISCATAQUIS  RAILROAD. 

Mstiun^&  Qreski  Summer  Ee^ort  i&r 
SpQrtsmeQ  audi  TQuriats* 

MOOSEHEAD  -^  LAKE 

^nd    VICIISTITY. 

REACHED  FBOH    BOSTON  BY 

Boston  &  Maine  and  Maine  Central  Railroads,  and  Boston  and 
Banffor  Steamship  Co.'s  Line  of  8teanler^i. 

And  also  reached  trouk  Bar  Harbor  via  the  Maine  Central  Bar 
Harbor  Branch  running  to  Banjcor. 

BANGOR  AND  PISCATAQUIS  R.R. 

FOP  MOOSEHEAD  LAKE 

Along  the  line  of  this  road  from  Oldtown  to  Greenville  will 
be  found  as  picturesque  and  attractive  scenery  as  can  be  found 
in  Maine. 

At  Greenville  is  a  good  restaurant  where  passengers  to  and 
from  Kineo  will  have  ample  time  to  enjoy  a  good  meal. 

THE  NEW  MOUNT  KINEO  HOUSE  If  beautifully  located  on  the  Lake 
Shore,  an  J  will  accommodate  5UU  f{iie»ts.  i  he  managemf  nt  of  the  house,  under  j 
O.  A.  Dknnen.  \U  competent  pupcrintcndont.  Is  i)erfoction. 

THE  LAKE  HOUSE  AND  THE  EVELETH  HOUSE  at  Greenville, 

at  the  foot  of  the  Lake,  aro  buth  ({ooU  hotels,  and  pos^ebs  superior  accummo- 
dations. 

EXCURSION  TICKETS  to  go  and  return  aro  for  sale  In  Boston  at  the  Roston 
&  Maine  Kailroatl  Ticket  Offlces,  and  on  Bangor  Steamers  at  Lincoln  Wharf,  | 
and  also  at  all  of  the  principal  Ticket  Offices  of  the  Maine  Central  Hailroad 

MOOSEHEAD  LAKE,  with  its  beautiful  scenery,  delightful  sailing,  and  ex- 
cellent flshiBg  and  hunting,  may  surely  be  reached  the  day  following  departure  I 
from  Boston. 

The  route  from  Boston  is  via  mom'ng  trains  of  Boston  &  ]\Ialne  Railroad,  nnd 
from  other  points  via  any  route  to  Portland ;  thence  by  noon  train  of  JIaine 
Central  Railroad  to  Bangor,  and  stop  over  night;  or  take  the  Night  Expresii 
Train,  with  Pullman  Sleeping  Cars  attached,  leaving  Boston  at  7.(0  p  M.,anill 
Portland  11.15,  arriving  in  Bangor  at  f>  30  the  following  morning,  connecting  wiib  I 
Bangor  &  Piscataquis  Railroad  for  the  Lake  I 

EXCURSION  TICKETS  from  New  York  are  sold  by  all  of  thtl 
Sound  Lines,  and  from  Providence,  Worcester,  and  Nashua  by  thel 
W.  &  N.  B.  R. 

FARE©. 


Boston  to  Mt.  Kineo  House  and  Return    . 
Portland,  Brunswick,  Bath,  and  Lewiston 

Gardiner 

Augusta  and  Belfast 

Bangor 

ARTHUR  BROWN, 


12,001 

IO.50I 

lO.OOl 

7.1 

Superintendeni] 


5  RAILROAD. 

Ud».  and  BoBton  and 
,t  Steamer*', 
he  Maine  Central  Bar 
Bangor* 

AQUIS  R.R- 

me. 

town  to  Greenville  vv-ill 
ceneryascanbefound 

,cre  passengers  to  and  i 
a  good  meal. 

,r  Steamers  at  '''PSV' ,  i 
'«  W''!,"Ta,?ll  rS  a-^rt  ex- 
?eTt\»SyffioSgWtu« 

ror»\HW 

Sltfrfa^n-JlVal.'SiSrtSl 

.    .    .    .$I5.00| 

|2.O0| 

to" 10.501 

'.    lO.OOl 
7.OOI 

TTX,  SuperintemUm 


AD  VERTISEMBNTS. 


TO  PEOPLE  WHO  WANT  TO  KNOW  WHAT  TO  READ. 


J 


f: 


THE    CRITIC, 


•    .    • 


A  Weekly  Reuiew  of  Literature  and  the  Arts,  la  now  in  Ita  Seventh  Year. 

ITS  plan  embraces  a  leading  eiway,  or  editorial,  usually  on  aonie  liicriiry 
toiiic  uf  timely  interest ;  reviewH  of  all  important  Iwrnks  )ml>liHlie<l  in 
Ainorica,  written  in  a  spirit  of  iiKlupeniient  and  impartial  crlticiHm;  ovvn- 
i4i>>iiiil  comment  un  matters  relating  to  the  line  artn.  muHir,  and  the  drainii; 
literary  news  an  1  notes;  original  lutetry;  rinuniunicatioMH;  a  gos^iplng 
department  called  "The  Lounger;'*  "The  Free  Parliament "  (u  column 
of  notes  and  queries  open  to  any  subscriber  wlio  lias  a  pertinent  literary 
question  ti>  ask);  and  several  rmges  of  carefully  selected  articles  from  the 
leading  Kngli.-'h  literary  Joui  nuls. 

Among  TiiK  (Jritu)'m  many  contributors  we  may  name  Prof.  C.  A. 
Young,  Prof  W.  I>  Whitney.  Walt  Wldlniiin,  (J.  i).  Warner.  Kditli  M. 
TliouiiiH.  U.  H.Stodflard,  K  €  Sledman,  Alice  Wellington  HolllnH,  W.  , I. 
Uolt'e,  Bishop  H  C.  Potter,  I'Vaiiii.s  Parkman,  Louise  Chandler  Moulton, 
1).  O.  Mltcliell,  llraiider  Mattliows,  Andrew  Lang,  Julia  Ward  llnwe. 
Dr.  O.  W.  Holmes,  Prof  J.  A.  Harrison,  Constance  Cnry  Harrison,  .ItKsi 
Chandler  Harris,  Kdwanl  Kvcrett  liale,  W.  K.  GritHs,  Capt.  F.  V.  Greene, 
Edmund  Gosse,  H.  W.  (iildcr,  O.  li.  Frothingham,  Edward  Kggleston, 
George  William  Curtis,  Marion  Crawford,  John  Burroughs,  liev.  Dr. 
Francis  Brown,  and  Prof.  II.  H.  Boyesen. 

GOLDEN    OPINIONS. 

Bishop  Potter  Always  Reads  The  Critic. 

To  the  Editors  of  The.  dritic:  I  am  gind  of  thli<  opportunity  to  express 
to  you  my  Iceen  sense  of  InJebtednesH  for  The  Critic.  1  never  read  it  — and,  no 
matter  how  nmch  driven,  1  never  allow  it  to  go  unread  —  without  a  fresh  convic- 
tion of  its  rare  worth.  It  is  so  tlioroughly  just,  fio  disci imiuating,  co  full  of  the 
atmosphere  of  a  courageous,  candid,  and  open-minded  critieiKni,  that  one  cannot 
but  be  proud  and  glai  that  so  good  and  helpful  a  journal  is  winning  its  way  to 
the  wider  recognition  and  esteem  which  it  so  abundantly  deserves.  —  U.  C.  Potter. 

Mr.  Whittier  Finds  it  a  Welcome  Visitor. 

To  the  Editors  of  The  Critic:  J  enclose  three  dollars  for  The  Critic  for 
the  coming  year.    I  find  it  a  welcome  visitor.  — John  O.  Whittieb. 

Mr.  Stedman  Couldn't  Get  Along  without  it. 

To  the  Editors  of  The  Critic :  We  could  not  now  get  along  very  well  without 
it.  You  maintain  a  high  and  iDipartiiil  stiindard  of  critUisni,  and  have  brought 
out  the  talent  of  new  and  excellent  writers.  —  EDMUND  C    8tedman 

The  Critic  baa  been  the  most  noteworthy  success  in  its  way  for  years  It  be- 
gan  brightly,  and  has  never  yet  hud  a  dnl!  number.  .  .  .  To-day  it  is  the  most  in- 
teresting journal  of  literary  eriticlsni  in  the  country.  — Sprinfffield  liepublican. 

Tub  Critic  is  a  conspicuous  success.  .  .  lt.>4  pnccess  is  a  success  of  its 
methods,  and  the.se  methods  indicate  a  new  departure  for  literary  criticism  in  this 
country.  —  Atlanta  ('on>ttitution. 

Skill  and  judgment  chancteri7,o  itj:  general  editoriid  management.  It  ought 
to  have  Its  place  ou  the  table  of  every  library  in  the  country.  —  The  Christian 
Union. 

Its  pages  are  full  of  the  best  literary  criticism  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic. 
—  Xcw  York  Herald. 

Has  earned  a  right  to  live  by  the  excellence  and  variety  of  its  materials.  — 
Harper's  Monthly. 

There  is  no  other  purely  literary  weekly  in  America. —  London  Athennum. 

By  far  the  best  journal  of  Its  class  In  the  country.  —  Buffalo  Exprese. 

The  first  literary  journal  in  America.  —  London  Ucademy. 

TEN  CENTS  A  COPY.     83.00  A  YEAR. 

Three  sample  copies  sent  free  for  ten  cents  to  any  reader  of  Tickkok'S 
GuiDE-Booics. 

,  ,,,  THE  CRITIC  CO.,  743  Broadway,  New  York. 


»:i', 


V^ 


i  ih^k 


I , 


!-;• 


AD  VERTlHEMENTa. 


CHISHOLM'S     liul 

WHITl-MOUHTMH 

,    -      .-.  AND      •  ;  -v,-        ^.,,  : 

*  GUIDE>BOOKS.  * 


The  beat  lotp-prieed  Gtiidea  pubUnhed,    140  pages 

each,     yuinerous  Uluatratlons  and  Maps* 

IfeaeHptive  tnatter  reviaed  to  date, 

Tbe  lonnt-Desert  Guide-Book  Is  entirely  new  in  1888. 

Contain  nill  list  of  Hotels  and  BoardinK-Iiouses,  number  of  guesti  accommo- 
dated, etc.;  alHO  give  altitnden  nf  mounta.nn,  etc. 
For  sale  on  all  Trains,  and  at  hotel  news-stands. 

,     CHISHOLM  BROS.,  Publishers, 

PORTT^AISD,   ME. 


White-Mountain  Tourists 

SHOULD  NOT   FAIL  TO  EXAMINB  THE 

BEAUTIFUL  VIEW-BOOKS  OF  THIS  REGION 

JUST  ISSUED  FOR  THE   PRESENT  SEASON. 

£NTIBX:iiY   NEW.      Produced  In    Germany   bjr   the    Photo-Litho| 
prooesB  expressly  for  ua,  and  for  sale  at  hotel  newa-stands, 

and  on  all  trains. 


PRICES,    ACCORDING    TO    SIZE,    AS    FOULOWS I 

Size  6J  by  6  Indies,     27  views    ....    price  $0.25 


« 


6 
i« 


"  7J 

"  8 


31 
16 


<i 


II 

II 


.50 
1.00 


The  dollar  book  contains  16  full-page  views,  beautifully  bound  in  clotli,  ^vitli| 
Descriptions  by  M.  F.  Swbbtser. 

CHISHOLM    BROS.,  Publishers, 

PORTLAND,  MEI 


ADVERTiaiSMBNTa. 


NT   SEASON. 

ly   by   the   Photo-Lithoj 
hotel  news-stands, 


"        1.00 
itlfuUy  bound  in  cloth,  witij 


3So8toii  (£oeninn  S^ranscript. 

PUBLISHED  DAILY  (Sundays  Excepted). 

THE    LEADING    FAMILY   PAPER   OP    BOS- 
TON   AND   ITS   VICINITY. 

A  Clean,  Reliable   Fuinlly  Newspaper.    |lO«00  per  year;    75 
cents  per  month* 

— • 

No  better  evidence  can  be  given  of  lt$  value  as  an  advertising  medium  than 
the  opinions  of  experienced  advertisers  :  — 

Cincinnati. 
Boston  Trantcript  Company  —  Ci-nt htnon :  We  prupoHC  to  do  witli  you  wlmt  wo 
Imve  ni)t  ynt  A'^w  with  niiy  (Inlly  impor,  iind  that  Is  lo  n-pcat  our  fttlvtrtlslnj,'.    We 
li'Iiove  It  will  p:iy  un  to  do  ro      i  hlH  Ih  nioru  ihun  wc>  can  «ay  of  tho  niitjorlty  uf 
diiilioH  we  have  used.    Wc  encluuc  licrewilh  cunlnict.    Youth  wry  n-:*pecttully. 

I'BuriTKU  iVc  (Umbi.r. 

ManiiriiclurerH  of  Ivory  Soap. 

For  scoral  years  tho  Transcript  hiw  boon  npon  ourlWt.  ant!  It  will  remain  thi-ro. 

For  rcachlnk  the  better  cHwh  of  retail  biiyors,  e.-^peciiilly  anioiiK  flie  Hoclcty  peo- 
ple of  liuHlon  and  vicinity,  tlieru  lit  certainly  not  a  pajier  pul)llNhe(l  that  can  be  more 
unliesltatingly  rccomim hdud.  I'ui'k  .Mam  kacti  KiN<i  Co., 

Mfre.  of  Columbia  lilcyclen  and  TrIcycloH. 

As  constant  ad^'ertlsors  for  many  yean  In  the  Transcript,  wc  beor  cheerful  tes- 
tliminv  to  the  very  valuable  character  of  Um  circulation.  * 

Our  musical  pablleathms  of  all  rteHcrlptlons  have  always  ajipeared  ta.steftillv  In 
Its  colu  tins,  HUd  were  tiuru  of  attracting  the  attention  of  a  larue  numberi  f  peoiife  of 
cultivated  tadte.  Ulivkk  Ditmun  &,  Co. 

The  general  character  of  the  make-up  of  the  Transcript,  as  well  a-*  the  character 
of  the  aaverthementH  taken  ulve  It  the  hifjh  Ktandard  It  has  ol)tained  a»  nn  ndvcr- 
tl.sing  medium*  and  a*  kmg  an  It  Is  conducted  as  It  has  been  during  tho  last  40 
years,  you  van  depend  on  my  being  one  of  your  advertisers. 

A.   L.  MtRDOCK, 

rroprletor  Murdock  I.lquld  Food  Co. 

I  have  used  the  Transcript  for  the  past  twenty  years  for  school  advcrtlslnR,  and 
conxlder  It  a  valuable  medium.  Should  1  drop  any  of  the  lloston  dallv  papers  from 
my  list,  the  Transcript  would  be  among  the  very  last.  N.  K.  UiitDAKD, 

Irincliml  Bryant  &  Strotton  .School. 

It  gives  ns  pleasure  to  say  that  we  believe  that  the  Transcript  Is  (me  of  the  best 
advertising  mediums  for  books  in  the  country.  We  never  think  of  Inserting  an  ad- 
vertisement in  any  paper  that  we  do  not  Insert  in  the  Transcript,  and  we  Insert 
many  In  It  that  we  ao  not  place  in  anv  other  paper.  This  Is  the  best  proof  which 
we  could  possibly  give  of  our  very  high  opinion  of  Its  merits  as  an  advertising 
medium  for  our  purpose.  Estes  &  Lacriat. 

The  principal  medium  in  New  England  for  advertifling  Summer  Resorts 
and  Boarding  Houses,  Real  Estate  for  sale  ami  to  let,  etc. 


Boston  Mccfelp  JTr^nscrtpt 

(PubUahed  Fridays) 

Contains  all  the  important  news  from  home  and  abroad,  correspondence, 
editorials,  etc.,  of  the  Daily  during  tlie  week.  $1.60  per  year  ;  76  cents  six 
months;  50  cents  three  months. 

BOSTON  TRANSCRIPT  COMPANY,   Pablishers, 

324  W.\siiiXGTON  St.,  I5n.«;TON.  '     ' 

WM.  DURANT,  Treasurer.        »  •        '.      F.  B.  WIIiTNEY,  BuMne.is  Manager. 


.,,'  .  I 


.ih!   ■il 


■J-; 


i    . 


AD  VERTiaEMENTS. 


Interriatienal  S.  S.  G0> 

OGEAN  *  DAY  *  ROyTE. 


* 


'f 


Boston,  Portland,  Eastport,  and  St.  John 

TO 

EASTERN    MAINE 

AND    THE  ' 

ABITIME  «  PbO¥IH€1S 

VIA. 

PORTLAND,  EASTPORT,  &  ST.  JOHN, 


ALSO 


BOSTON    TO    NOVA    SCOTIA    DIRECT. 


XfiX*^ 


■ks'j 


FROM   APRIL   30    UNTIL   DECEMBER   I. 


The  Steamers  CUMBEBIiAND  and  STATB  OF  MAINE  will  leave 
Commercial  Wharf,  BOSTON,  alternately  every  Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Fri- 
day at  9.09  A.  u.,  and  POBTLiAND  at  6.30  f.  u.  same  days  for  Eastport  and 
St.  John. 

Returning,  leave  St.  John  and  Eastport  same  days. 

During  season,  from  June  23  to  October  1,  a  steamer  will  also  leave  St.  John 
Saturd^'s  at  6.45  p  m.  for  Boston  direct. 

ISS^  During  the  Winter  and  early  Spring  months  the  steamers  leave  Boston 
Mondays  and  Thursdays  only. 

BOSTON  AND  NOVA  SCOTIA  DIRECT. 

Commencing   <June    18, 

The  fkvorite  steamer  NEW  BRUNSWICK  will  leave  Boston  at  8  30  a.  m, 
every  Monday  and  Thursday  for  Digby  and  Annapolis,  N.  S. 

Returning,  leave  Annapolis  on  arrival  of  Halifax  Express  Train  Tuesdays  and  \  I 
Saturdays  for  Boston  direct,  reserving  the  privilege  of  calling  at  St.  John  on'Satur- 
days  for  passengers. 

Connections  are  nii>.de  at  the  several  landing-places  with  all 
diverffine  lines,  and  tickets  issued  and  baeease  checked  through. 


J.  B.  COYLE, 

Mamagbb. 


,        E.  A.   WALDJtON, 

GiiX'L  Pass.  Aoem. 
PORTLAND,    ME. 


AD  VERTISEMENTS. 


TIA    DIRECT. 


CEMBER   I. 

^  OF  MAINE  will  leave 
londav,  Wednesday,  and  Fri- 
same"  days  for  Eaatport  ana 

mer  will  also  leave  St,  John 
8  the  steamers  leave  Boston 


[A  BIEEGT. 


Ill  leave  Boston  at  8  30  a,  h. 
N.  S.  . 

KxprosB  Train  Tuesdays  and 
calling  at  St.  John  on  Satur- 


J.  A.   WALDJtON, 

GKN'L  Pass.  Ageki. 


HOTEL    PONEMAH. 

This  new  and  attractive  House,  handsomely  furnished,  and  provided  -with  modern 
improvenunts,  offers  rare  inducetnents  to  those  who  appreciate  the  comforts  of  a  first-class 
hotel,  located  oh  high  ground  and  comtitaHding  views  of  great  extent  and  rare  beauty. 

The  grounds  embrace  nearly  forty  acres  of  land,  beautifully  luooded  with  groves  of 


ma  file,  oak,  pine,  and  chestnut  trees  uf  inagnijicent  ji;i 


and  contain   the  celebrated 


li'lford  Sprtni:,  and  the  rccently-dei'eloped  but  already-popular  Ponemah  spring. 

Plans  of  hotel  may  he  seen  and  rooms  secured,  on  npp.'ication  to  H.tKXl-ii  fr  DUSK- 
LUF.,  Proprietors  of  Ho  el  Bruns^uick,  Boston,  or  C.  A.  GLl-.ASON,  Manager,  at  the  Hotel, 
(P.  O.  Address,  Amherst  Station,  A.  H.) 


^ 


1^ 


,  .       !t! 


hi 


AD  VER  TI SEME  NTS. 


BANGOR    HOUSE, 

Bangor,   Maine. 

This  Is  tbe  only  flrst-class  House  in  Maine  forming  an  entire  square  of  itself. 
and  thus  giving  every  room  a  front  and  pleasant  view.  It  Is  but  three  minutis 
walk  from  any  of  tbe  Depots  or  Steamboat  Landings  in  the  City.  Carriages  at  all 
Depots  and  Steamboat  Landings. 

F.  O.  BEAL,  Propbietob. 
M.  J.  ROCHE,  Manages. 

THE   MARITIME  PROVINCES. 

The  Only  Guide-Book  to  Eastern  Canada.  By  M.  F. 
Sweetser.  Sixth  Edition.  400  pages.  8  Maps.  Newly  Be- 
vised.    $1.50. 


'>-.;•. 


V  r  f ; 


The  Land  of  Evangeline. 

Bras  d'Or  Lakes,  Cape  Breton. 

Newfoundland,  Labrador. 
Halifax,  St.  John,  Qnebec. 

Prince  Edward  Island,  Grand  Manan. 

Uontreal,  The  Sagpienay. 

By  its  Intrinsic  value,  copiousness  of  information,  and  impartiality,  it  is  llkoiy 
to  take  the  place  of  all  other  guides  or  handbooks  of  Canada  which  we  know  uf.- 
Quebec  Chronicle. 

In  graphic  and  picturesque  description,  in  completoness  and  fulness  of  infor- 
mation, and  in  clear  insight  into  a  traveller's  needs  and  perplexities,  this  guide- 
book is  not  to  be  excelled.  —  ^o^/on  Journal. 


'iff' *.-!.(■■- 1  .^il  -  *.M> 


Uniform   with  the  above   are   Ticknor's  Guides  to  NlilW 
ENGLAND  and  THE  WHITE  MOUNTAINS. 


AD  VEBT^aEMENTa. 


0.  BEAL,  Pbopeiktob. 


r'8  Guides  to  NEW 
AINS. 


ESTABLISHMENTS : 

BDSTDNi    Baylstan  Street  tS:  Park  Square. 

NEWFDRTi    CasinD  Building. 

BilR  HiLRBD!^!   Parcupina  Building. 


Importers  anli  Jttanufarturere* 

Ladles*  Bepartmenfi. 

Dresamaking,  Tailoring,  Millinery,  Dreaa-Goods,  Ready- 
Made  Garmenta,  Glovea,  etc. 

Misses*  and  Gfiildren's  Separlmerifi. 

Dreaaea  and  Garmenta  to  order  and  Ready-Made^  Hoa- 
iery,  Glovea,  Underwear,  etc. 

Genllemen's  Beparlrnenl^. 

Tailoring,  Furnishing  Goods,  Glouea,  etc. 

Yaang  SRen's  and  Bqys*  Separlinent6. 

Cuatom  and  Ready-Made  Clothing,  Hata  and  Capa,  Hoa- 
iery,  Glouea,  Neckwear,  etc. 


Our  Facilities  enable  us  to  show,  at   all  times,  the  Latest 
Novelties  of  the  Foreign  Markets. 


L.   P.   HOLLANDER   &   CO., 
82  &  83  Boylston  Street,  and  Park  Square, 

BOSTON,    MASS. 


'!i: 


f;l: 


^' 


«e   2 


ta  3Q 


o   W 


CO    — 


^1   ^2 

"-•    ^     n     <*     ** 


1^   ff   "    tt  - 


Vl    c 


tfeS^^ 


O  = 


•     *  3 


►1  *< 


m 


«  !-► 


S 


IVO 

Acro 

irv 

il.t:i»agjb»h 

I^^^^^VBff 

R 

^^1       ^ 

fflffrw'  1  i'    """"  ~" 

:^-  C  ^  >  B 
3    -!    c    1    c 


^  s  B  g  ^ 
S  =   -   S  w 

1  si*^1 


P     Ctl 
rt-    CB 

»     S 


=   £ 


-1  o 


O     C    O     M     ^ 

O  — 


p  p  2  sr  * 
c  =  -    g  S 

^  c:  a  '^i  «■ 

'^  a  s  g  o  ^-  ^ 
a  5  ft,  =  §  »  2. 
I  g  ^?  5?  ^  ? 


3  5 

»5      C- 


S  o  5-  g^  a  g,  3 


If?) 


a  "a  ** 

^         if 

5      ■ 


89 


•H    OLTJES. 


z\ 


1/1 


-*■ 


^Z>  VERT1SEMENT3. 


The  »  CDTLER  »  LAND  *  E6MPAlilY. 

Capital  Stock $500,000. 

50,000  Shares,  par  value  $10  each. 

f^^*^^    •      . .  OFFICERS: 

President  and  General  Manager     .    .    .    EBEN  SEARS. 
Treasurer •    •    •   HENRY  TOLMAN,  Jr. 

DIRECTORS: 

Eben  Sears.        Levi  Tower,  Jr.        Clifford  Devens. 
Henry  Tolman,  Jr.  Gorham  D.  Gilman. 

JBoaton  Office,  Moom  2,  No.  70  Devonshire  Street. 


The  coast  of  Maine  Is  yearly  growing  in  fiivor  with  tourists,  pleasure-seekers, 
and  those  who  delight  In  dwelling  by  the  ocean  side,  rrominent  among  the  most 
romantic  and  pictuvesque  localities  is  that  of  Cutler,  midway  between  bar  Harbor 
and  C'ainpobello.  Cutler  combines  at  leawt  ten  miles  of  attractive  sea-front,  with 
land-locked  harbor,  lt)fty  hill,  beautiful  grounds,  pleasant  drives,  fine  country  roads, 
unrivalled  tishlng  and  hunting,  an  equable  climate,  and  the  purest  of  spring  water. 
'Ihe  atmosphere  of  Cutler  possesses  all  the-  hygienic  influences  of  a  sea  vojage. 
The  summer  breezes  wafted  through  the  background  of  evergreen  and  deciduous 
forests  temper  and  purify  the  air,  freeing  it  from  all  malarious  elements.  Hay  fever 
is  unknown. 

The  Cutler  Land  Company  owns  14,000  acres  of  land,  being  the  largest  area  In 
one  body  under  the  ownership  of  a  single  company  on  the  North  Atlantic  coast. 
The  control  of  this  large  body  of  land  Insures  freedom  f'om  objectionable  features, 
secures  one  of  the  finest  game  preserves  in  the  T'nited  States,  and  also  controls 
Little-River  Harbor,  around  which  the  village  of  Cutler  clusters,  —  a  harbor  com- 
bining imusual  depth  of  water,  a  broad,  fafe  channel  to  the  sea,  smooth  water,  and 
perfect  shelter,  adapting  it  for  a  rendezvous  of  yachts. 

Another  attraction  is  the  proximity  of  the  Machlas  River  and  Its  chain  of 
lakes,  — some  hundred  miles  of  fresh  water,  more  accesssible  to  the  sportsman,  better 
stocked  with  fish,  and  possessing  finer  natural  beauties  than  the  famous  Kangeley 
Lakes. 

The  drives  at  Cutl  are  among  the  finest  in  the  State  of  Maine,  and  the  town 
has  an  enviable  reputation  for  keeping  the  n^ads  in  excellent  repair.  T  he  propri- 
etors are  determined  to  place  Cutler  in  the  front  rank  of  seaside  resorts  on  the  coast 
of  Maine.  Its  great  natural  beauties  will  be  supplemented  by  the  arts  of  the  land- 
scape gardener  and  the  architect. 

The  means  of  communication  are  by  the  various  lines  of  steamers  running  to 
Machiasport  and  Eastport.  No  locality  on  the  coast  of  Maine  so  fliUy  combines 
t)ie  Pd\antagC8  of  groves  and  forest,  fishing  and  hunting,  seaside  residence,  and 
facilities  for  yachting.  Every  one  who  has  visited  Cutler  during  the  past  few  years 
is  loud  in  praises  of  the  locality,  of  Its  climate,  of  its  beautiful  walks  and  drives, 
which  need  only  to  bn  seen  to  be  appreciated. 

Largo  and  complete  plans  and  maps  of  Cutler  and  the  property  of  this  Company, 
also  paintings  of  Little  Harbor  at  Cutler,  and  numerous  photographic  views  of  the 
mtural  scenery  of  the  coast,  the  village,  and  the  woodlands,  may  be  seen  at  the 
offlco  of  the  General  Manager. 

The  HOTEL   CUTLER   accommodates   too  guests. 


IJ'r  \ 


l.-'il. 


[»;■  'i^ 


\'4l 


'< 


.*i .  Si: 


1 


1-4 


^X>  VERTJSEMEJfiTS. 


ABBAM  FRENCH  &  CO., 

r^r\T>-\TEm>    *^>    ®'>   ^'^  JPranklin  Street,  and 
f^UJtlSHjM    *zil,  213,  fil5,  217  Ifevonshire  Street, 

BOSTON. 

This  house  is  prepared  to  furnish  everything 
which  can  be  desired  in         ,^ 

> 

■*.(■■■  '■,  ■    v"  *' 

CHINA,  "'     , 

GLASSWARE, 

SILVER    PLATE, 

both  table  ware  and  decorative  pieces,  from 
the  cheapest  white  granite  to  the  most  costly 
and  artistic  productions  of  the  famous  Euro- 
pean Potteries,  carefully  arranged  and  dis- 
played upon  the  show-tables  and  in  the  NEW 
ART  ROOMS. 

All  are  invited,  whether  desiring  to  purchase 
or  not,  to  visit  the  display,  and  judge  for 
themselves  whether  it  is  equalled  by  any 
other  exhibition  in  the  city. 

AfiBAM  FEENCH  &  CO., 

rym>-\ripj>    *^»  ^^>  ®^  ¥*rankHn  Street,  and 
VUMJyJ^Ji    isil,  21S,  215,  217  Devonshire  Street, 

BOSTON. 

They  guarantee  safe  delivery  in  any  part  of 
the  United  States. 


street,  and 
vonshire  Street, 


-,  Streetf  and 
j}evonshire  Street, 


y  in  any  part  of 


AD  VER  TISEMENTS. 


JUMBOLENE. 


n 


■-,  <, » ,*.  .1. 


Trade-Mark  registered. 


Cures  and  prevents  the  bites  of  Mosquitoes,  Black-flies, 
Sand-flies,  Pleas,  and  other  insects,  and  the  stings  of  Bees 
and  Wasps.  Though  it  does  not  prevent  tanning,  it  will 
prevent  the  peeling  of  the  skin  and  the  pain  occasioned  by 
Bun-burn  or  by  exposure  to  the  winter  winds.  It  is  a  su- 
perior Liniment  for  Bums,  Scalds,  Chilblains,  Frost-bites, 
and  Neuralgia,  prevents  blood-poisoning  in  wounds,  reduces 
inflammation,  allays  pain,  and  promotes  rapid  healing. 

Contained  in  strong  flint-glass  bottles,  of  two  sixes, 
at  SOc,  and  fiSe,,  respectively,  per  bottle* 

The  smaller  size  will  be  sent  by  mail  to  any  person  remitting 
30  cents. 

Teos,  Jenness  &  Son,  Sole  Proprietors, 

■        '   BANGOR,   MAINE,  U.S.A. 


Sold  by  Druggists  and  Dealers  in  Sporting  Oooda, 


y.  B.  —  Thos.  Jenness  &  Son  are  also  proprietors  qf  the  famous  "Acme 
Rust  Preventive,"  for  Fire-Anns,  Cutlery,  Marine  Engines,  and  other  articles 
of  polished  steel  or  iron.  Contained  in  Tin  Boxes.  Price,  25  cents,  on  receipt  of 
whxch  amount  a  box  will  be  sent  to  the  address  requested. 


TTh 


,   ( 


bh-  ■— , 


k  w 


:   :ij 


AD  VER  Tl  SEME  NT  a. 


*  SORRENTO.  * 

CONSPICUOUS  among  the  Bummer  resorts  on  the  Maine  coast,  which  Is  one  of 
tho  most  picturesque  ocean  regions  on  this  continrnt,  Is  Sorrento,  which  has 
in  a  brief  period  sprung  into  popuiar  favor,  and  is  being  built  up  and  improved  with 
a  rapidity  that  is  nothing  less  than  marvellous  to  the  thousands  who  have  visited  It 
during  the  last  year. 

Sorrento  is  a  picturesque  peninsula  Jutting  out  trom  the  main  coast  far  into  the 
waters  of  Frenchman's  Bay,  directly  opposite  to  Bar  Harbor,  with  which  it  is  in 
constant  communication  by  means  of  the  regular  steamers  of  the  Maine  Central 
Railroad  and  the  Company's  own  steamer  "  Sorrento,"  which  will  make  roRiilar 
trips  daily.  The  land  at  Sorrento  rises  In  natural  terraces  gradually  ft-om  the  shore- 
line to  the  centre  of  the  neck,  where  an  elevated  plateau,  two  hundred  feet  above 
the  sea-level,  extends  north  and  south.  'Ihese  gradual  slopes  afl'ord  most  desirable 
building  sites,  both  for  beauty  and  utility,  rendering  the  drainage  perfect,  inexpen- 
sive, and  natural. 

The  land  has  been  surveyed  by  a  corps  of  experienced  engineers,  who  have  ar- 
ranged the  building  lots  anil  parks  with  special  care  to  protect  the  natural  scenery. 
Sorrento  contains  over  four  thousand  building  lots,  with  over  six  miles  of  shore 
frontage,  such  only  as  can  be  found  on  the  Maine  coast,  containing  alike  bold  bliilTs 
and  sandy  beaches. 

JIany  beautiful  residences  have  been  built,  and  many  more  are  now  building; 
and  the  Company's  books  to-day  contain,  among  its  ever-increasing  list  of  land- 
owners, representative  people  in  the  principal  cities  of  this  country,  prominent 
among  which  are  Boston,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  and  Washington,  in  each  of 
which  cities  the  Company  have  established  branch  offices  for  the  sale  of  their 
lands. 

During  five  months  in  the  year  the  climate  Is  most  salubrious  and  pleasant,  the 
average  height  of  tho  thormometer  seldom  passing  70  degrees  Fahrenheit  during  the 
summer  months,  vvlille  at  night  it  is  not  over  64  degrees.  Sorrento  possesses  two  cf 
the  finest  harbors  on  the  coast,  known  as  Eastern  and  Western  Point  Harbor, 
Three  large  and  substantial  wharves  have  been  built,  one  directly  opposite  the 
Mount  Desert  Ferry.  Passengers  to  Sorrento  will  be  landed  at  this  wharf  by  the 
steamers  of  tho  Maine  Central  Railroad  Company,  who  issue  tickets  ft-om  Boston 
to  Sorrento. 

A  large  and  well-appointed  cafrf,  with  accommodations  for  150  people,  has  been 
erected  the  past  season,  and  it  became  the  popular  thing  for  the  ilite  of  Bar  Harbor 
to  give  dinnerparties  at  this  cafe.  The  chef  for  the  past  season  was  from  Del- 
monico's  colebrafced  establishmsnt  in  New  York.  The  standard  of  excellency 
attained  will  be  kept  up  in  the  future. 

A  system  of  water  works  has  been  put  into  operation,  bringing  an  abundant 
supply  of  pure  water  from  Long  Lake,  a  beautiful  sheet  of  water  in  the  Schoudic 
Mountains.  Distributing  pipes  have  been  'aid,  conveying  the  water  to  all  parts  of 
Sorrento. 

In  addition  to  the  other  attractions,  the  Company  have  purchased  a  magnificent 
tract  of  forest,  comprising  about  thirty-five  hundred  acres,  embracing  a  number  of 
beautiful  lakes  famous  for  trout,  bass,  pickerel,  and  other  varieties  of  fish.  'Ihe 
whole  vast  region  abounds  in  such  game  as  deer,  fox,  rabbits,  squirrels,  partridges, 
etc. 

The  "  Frenchman's  Bay  and  ]Mount  Desert  Land  and  Water  Company  "  are  the 
proprietors  of  SoiTtnto.  The  Company's  main  office  Is  at  Bar  Harbor.  The  princi- 
pal branch  office  Is  at  17  Milk  Street,  Boston,  where  terms  and  prices  may  be  had, 
also  maps,  plans,  and  photographic  views. 


AD  VER  Tl  SEME  NTS. 


Id  Water  Company  "  are  the 
at  Bar  Harbor.  The  princi- 
;erm8  and  prices  may  be  had, 


FATHERS, 
MOTHERS, 

BROTHERS, 
SISTERS. 


,<a>: 


Everywhere,  will  find 


The  BEAG0N 

PARTICULARLY    INTERESTING    READING. 


IT  IS  THE  BEST 


:EKLY  PAPEl. 


It  has  the  best  literary  columns,  able  editorials  on  leadinic 
topics,  latest  fashions  in  dress,  a  Children's  Column  for  the 
little  ones,  the  drama  and  music,  particularly  Interestinic  prob- 
lems on  whist,  interesting  letters  fiom  popular  resorts,  finance 
and  insurance,  social  gossip  at  home  and  abroad,  a  Rood  sei'mon, 
an  excellent  story,  laneunKe  notes,  original  illustrations,  and 
many  other  attractive  nsatures. 

The  Beacon  of  Boston  ia  one  of  the  ablest  and  brl^'htf  st  weekly  papers  In  the 
Unitod  States.    Every  column  sparklos.  —  BrooUvii  Times. 

Tff  Beacon  Is  one  of  the  brightest,  cleanest,  and  best-edited  papers  In  Boston. 
Each  Issue  Is  largely  Illustrated.  —  SometfiUe  Jimrnal. 

The  /  eacon  of  Boston  is  by  all  odds  the  brightest  and  best  pnper  of  the  North.  It 
Is  also  one  of  the  prettiest  papew  in  the  world.  —  The  Florida  llerald. 

The  Beacon  Is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  hriRhtost  and  most  entortaininp;  of  all  the 
weekly  papers.  Its  news  ia  .always  fresh  and  spicv,  and  arranged  in  such  admirable 
style  that  it  seems  doubly  attractive.  Its  editorials  are  strong  and  original.  —  7'own 
Topics. 

The  Beacon  is  a  very  bright  member  of  the  jvcekly  newspaper  circle.  —  Boston 
Globe. 

.Is  printed  and  mailed  on  Friday,  thus  reaching 
out-of-town  subscribers  on  Saturday.  $2.60  per 
annum,  free  of  postage. 

Published  every  Saturday  morning. 


THE 
BEACON 


Send  postal  card  for  free  sample  copy. 

GYRUS  A.  PAGE,  Publisher,  295  Washington  St.,  Boston,  Mass 


if. 

\r 
Mi 


!    I 


i!^ 


r^. 


'■'■\ 


AD  VERTiaEMENTa. 


■i\  <■' 


■■  .    '. 


,^-..>i.^,r;" 


■I  ■/  ,     nr 


->A\. 


r* ' 


There  is  only  one  Railway  Guide  published 
In  New  England  that  is  recognized  by  the 
railroads,  and  that  one  Is  the  old  reliabto 
ABC  Pathfinder  Railway  Guide,  the  oldest  in 
America.  It  contains  two  large  maps  beauti- 
fully printed  in  colors,  many  sectional  ones, 
and  the  most  minute  details  regarding  pas- 
senger transportation,  making  it  "  The  Brad- 
Shaw"  of  New  England  and  the  Provinces. 
Its  correct  schedules  have  made  the  word 
"Pathfinder"  a  synonyme  for  accuracy;  and 
if  you  desire  to  avoid  vexatious  delays  and 
disappointments,  you  must  provide  yourself 
with  one,  which  can  be  obtained  of  all  news- 
dealers for  25  cents  per  copy,  or  mailed  to 
any  address  one  year  for  $2.50,  by  address- 
ing "  Pathfinder,'^  67  Federal  Street,  Boston. 


%' 


:■•■     ■>.,.■■■ 'J., 


AD  VERTlSEMKNTa. 


I  r\ 


and  Its  grouping  of  handsome  cottages  furnish  accommodations  for  two  hundred 
guests,  and  are  open  tronx  June  1  to  Octul)er  IS. 

JACKSON,   N.   H., 

is  on  the  east  side  of  Mt.  Washington,  in  the  midst  of  grand  and  beautlftil 
scenery,  and  is  considered  one  of  the  loveliest  towns  In  New  England.  For 
wild  and  picturesque  scenery,  waterfalls,  and  fine  streams  for  trout  fishing,  and 
its  many  varitxi  drives  and  walks,  it  is  unsurpassed. 

Jackson  is  five  hours'  ride  from  Boston,  and  twelve  ft-om  New  York, 

The  sanitary  arrangements  are  of  the  most  modern  and  approved  methods, 
a  large  volume  of  water  from  Jackiton  Falls  flowing  continually  through  closets 
and  drains. 

The  purest  spring-water,  flrora  th'3  mountains,  provided  for  the  house. 

The  kitchen  is  a  building  by  itself,  avoiding  the  objectionable  feature  of  a 
kifchon  under  the  same  roof  with  dining.hall  and  rooms. 

With  the  large  number  of  open  fireplaces,  and  steam-heat  in  halls,  the 
establishment  is  kept  thoroughly  comfortable  in  cold  weather.  • 

From  our  farm,  firesh  vegetables,  cream,  and  milk  are  furnished  in  abun- 
dance, and  all  kinds  of  fruit  and  berries  in  their  season. 

The  grounds  are  handsomely  laid  out  with  fountains,  flowers,  and  shrub- 
bery, and  contain  several  flne  tennis  courts  and  croquet  lawns.  '      .  ,  -  : 

In  the  entire  construction  of  our  establishment,  our  aim  has  been  to  pro- 
vide for  our  guests  every  comfort  and  pleasure  of  a  refine'^  and  cultivated 
home. 

A  first-class  livery  is  provided  by  the  establishment,  where  comfortable 
carriages  of  every  description  can  be  obtained,  with  or  without  drivers.  Capi- 
tal accommodations  for  private  horses  and  carriages.  The  finest,  most  commo- 
dious, and  best-constructed  stable  in  New  England. 

Jackson,  N.  H.,  is  three  miles  from  Glen  Station,  on  the  Portland  &  Ogdens- 
burg  Railroad.  It  Is  reached  from  New  York  by  taking  either  of  the  Sound 
steamers  which  leave  at  five  o'clock  p.m.,  or  either  of  the  railway  routes  to 
Boston,  and  thence  by  the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad  to  Glen  Station,  reaching 
Wentworth  Hall  at  2  30  p.m.,  in  time  for  dinner.  The  Portland  &  Ogdens- 
burg  Railroad  connects  Glen  Station  with  Fabyan  House,  North  Conway,  and 
Portland. 

Buy  your  ticket  to  Glen  Station,  where  coaches  from  Wentworth  Hall  meet 
every  train. 

M.  C.  WENTWORTH,  Proprietor. 


f  ,     ' 


AD  VERTlSEMENTa. 


^\\. 


BOOKS  ABOUT  NEW  ENGLAND. 

THE    HTORY    OF   A    BAD    BOY.     By  Tuomab  IUilet  Aldricii.    IIIur- 
trated.    limo,  |I.M. 
ThU  volume  contains  nomo  dulightful  tketches  of  life  and  icenciy  In  and  about 
Portxmouth,  Now  liainptihlrn. 

TALKS    OF    THE    WHITE    HILL8    AND    liEGENDH    OF    NEW 
ENGLAND.    By  N.  IIawtiiuknk.    a2nio,  75  cents;  Hchuol  Edition,  4U  cents, 

THE    UNDIHCOVERED    COUNTRY.    A  Novel.    By  William  Dban  How- 
KL'.a.    liino,  91.0U. 

A  duHcrlptlon  of  lifu  among  tho  Shaken  of  M assacbuHetts. 

THE  IKLE.S  OF  SHOALS.    An  Historical  Hkclcb.    By  John  Scbibmer  Jem- 
NRHH.    llluBtratrd.    With  maps.    16mo,  $1,M. 

WILD  ROSES  OF  CAPE  ANN,  and  Other  Poems.    By  Luct  Larcom. 
iHmo,  91.2A. 

Containing  pocmn  on  the  legends  and  scenery  of  Capo  Ann. 

NEW   ENGLAND.    In  "  Foema  of  Places,"  edited  by  Ubmrt  W.  Lonufellow. 
2  vols.    iHmo,  Si.OO. 

CAMBRIDGE  THIRTY  YEARS  AGO,  and  A  Moosehead  Journal. 

ByJAMKS  Ut-ssKLL  LoWKLL.   [n  "  Fircsldc  Travels."  I'^mo,  $1.5U;  16mo  #l.Wi. 

AMONG    THE    ISLES    OF    SHOALS.     By  Cilia  Thaxtrb.    lUustratrd. 
IHmo,  S1.2.V 

A  SUMMER  IN  LESLIE  OOLDTHWAITE'S  LIFE.    By  Mn.  A.  D.  T, 

WiiiTNRT.    Illustrated.    I'imo,  91.54);  ItiuiK,  paper,  00  ccnta. 
A  story  of  a  summer  among  tho  White  Mountains. 

A  HALF  CENTURY  IN  SALEM.    By  Mabiannb  C.  D.  Silsbee.   Third 
Edition.    Itfmo,  %\m. 

OLD   SALEM.    By  Elbakob  Tutmam.    Edited  by  Ablo  Bates.    16mo,  $1.00. 

THE    MADONNA    OF    THE    TUBS.     By  Elizabeth    Stuabt    I'liKLPS.i 

Illustrated.    l'2mo,  $1.50.  j 

AN  OLD   MAID'S   PARADISE.     By  Elizabeth  Stuabt  Phelps.    16mo, 
paper,  50  cents. 

BURGLARS  IN  PARADISE.    A  sequel  to  above.    By  Elizabeth  Stt  abt 

I'H  ELI'S.    16mo,  paper,  5<)  cents. 


These 


boohs  describe  seaside  life  at  Gloucester,  Massachusetts. 


BY  H.  D.  THOREAU. 

Walden ;  or.  Life  In  the  Woods. 

A  Week  on  the  Cbncord  and  Mer- 
rimack Rivers. 

Excursions  in  Field  and  Forest. 

The  Maine  Woods. 

Cape  Cod. 

Early  Sprins  in  Massachusetts  : 

From  the  Journal  of  Thoreau. 

Summer :  From  tho  Journal  of  Thoreau. 
With  Map  of  Concord. 
Each  volume,  12mo,  gilt  top,  $1.50. 


BY  SARAH  ORNE  JEWETT. 

A  White  Heron,  and  other  Stories. 

18mu,  $1.25. 
A  Marsh  Island.    16mo.   $1.25. 
A  Country  Doctor,    lOmo,  $1.25. 
Deephaven.   18mo,  $1.25;  16mo,  boards 

50  cents. 
Old  Friends  and  New.    18mo,  $1.2). 
Country  By- Ways.    18mo,  $1.26. 
The    Mate    of   the    Daylight  and 

Friends  Ashore.    18mo,  $1.25. 

The  above  hooks  describe  New  Englanii 
scenery  and  character. 


\*  For  sale  by  all  booksellers.    Sent  by  mail,  post-paid,  on  receipt  of  price,  hy  tlu 
Publis/f'rs, 

HOUGHTON,    MIFFLIN,    AND    COMPANY, 

4  Parii  St.,  Boston;  11  East  Seventeenth  St.,  New  Yorit. 


AD  YEHTlSEMBNTa. 


Bailbt  Aldbich.    litun- 
ind  scenery  In  and  about 

KOENDS    OF    NEW 

;  HchtM)!  Edition,  40  (Mnis, 

By  William  Deam  How- 
I. 

By  JOUM   SCBIBSKR  JEN- 

»eniH.    By  Lucr  Larcom. 

nn. 
Hbnbt  W.  Longfellow. 

.  MooMshead  Journal.! 

•  rimo,»l.50;  16mo  #1.1X1.  I 
LIA  Thaxtrb.    lUuatratod. , 

IjIFE.  By  Mrs.  A.  D.  T. 
cents. 

NNB  C.  D.  81L8BEE.   Third  j 

BLO  Bates.   Wmo,  $1.00.     | 

IZABETH     STIJABT     rilELPS. 

;h  Siuabt  Thelpb.  lemo, 
B.  By  Elizabeth  Sh  abt 
aier,  Maaaachusetts. 


leron,  and  other  Stories.  | 

Bland.    Ifimo.   $1.25. 
Doctor,    lemo,  $1.2."). 
18mo,*1.26;  16mo,  board!', 

|g  and  New.   18mo,  $1.25 
y-Ways.    18mo,  $1.25. 
of   the   Daylight  and 

rhore.    18ino,  $1.25. 

hooks  describe  New  Englawl 

liaracter. 

d,  OH  receipt  of  price,  hy\^\ 


^  THE  *  PROFILE  •  HOUSE,  * 

ViHllE   MOUNTAINS,    NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


St.,  New  York. 


THE  Proprietors  of  the  Profile  House  present  their  compliments  to  the  travelling 
public,  and  Invito  their  attention  to  one  of  the  finest,  betit-linovrn^  and  most 
beautifully  located  of  f^ummer  Resorts.  It  is  situated  in  the  Franconia  Notch,  on 
an  open  plateau  neariy  2,000  feet  above  the  sea,  between  two  charming  laiicf',  and 
amid  more  g  -ms  of  hcenory  and  points  of  interest  to  the  traveller  than  can  be  found 
in  any  other  section  of  New  Uampt'hiro. 

The  Profile,  or  (treat  Stone  Face,  Is  near  the  hotel,  and  Is  undoubtedly  the  most 
remarkable  rock  formation  In  this  country,  if  not  in  the  world. 

Excursions  on  foot  or  by  carriage  may  be  made  to  Bald  Mountain,  Echo  and 
Profile  Lakes,  Old  Man  of  the  Mountain,  through  the  Franconia  Notch  to  the  Flume 
(which  Is  the  object  of  a  pilgrimage  to  every  White  .Mountain  tourist),  the  Flume 
House,  Pool,  Basin,  and  several  minor  points  of  interest.  Also  by  rail  to  Bethle- 
hem, Maplewood,  Jetlerson,  Mount  WashinRton,  or  through  the  White  Mountain 
Notch  to  North  Conway,  and  return  the  same  day. 

The  House  Is  the  largest  summer  hotel  In  New  Engl.and  It  is  heated,  when 
necessary,  by  steam  and  open  wood  fires,  and  lias  Post  and  Telegraph  OlHces,  Ele- 
vator, Gas,  and  eveiy  modem  convenience.  All  the  popular  amusements  are  fur- 
nished, and  every  eflort  made  to  provide  a  pleasant  liome  for  seekers  of  health,  rest, 
or  pleasure.    Open  from  June  25  to  October  1  of  each  year. 

Our  New  Flume  House,  open  from  June  15  to  October  20,  has  accommodations 
for  one  hundred  guests,  and  is  well  adapted  to  th^i  wants  of  those  who  desire  to 
make  a  long  season  in  the  mountains.       Kespectfully, 

C    H.  GREENLEAF  &  CO. 


'*  t 


r 


'  I 


}  ■ 


ADVERTISEMENTS. 


'V\L 


'^''  H 


:-.iV'i 


hi 

Hi 

0 


^^'        ( 


^ 


O 

CO 

o 

< 

■9 


AD  YERTISEMENTS. 


BOSTON  AND  PORTLAND  STEAMERS. 


OOKNEOTIOliS   TO 


OM^OrebrnM  B&^Qbf,  Mt-.  Bem^h  White 
tt&  ¥Bri&ws  Emt&Fm  EmQrts-j 


The  elegant  new  Steamer  TSEMONT^  or  tite  favorite  Steamer 
JOHN  BROOKS,  will  leave  INDIA  WHAMF,  BOSTON, 

EVERY  EVENING  AT  7  O'CLOCK  (Sundays  excepted). 

(October  I  to  April  I ;  at  5  P.  M.) 

Cnrnectlons  made  at  Portland  with  the  Grand  Trunk,  Boston  k  Maine,  Port- 
land &  Og.4denburg,  Maine  Central,  and  Knox  A  Lincoln  Railroads,  and  with  all 
Steamboat  Lines  running  East. 

Tlie  trip  is  about  eight  hours  long,  and  afTords  fine  views  of 
Boston  Harbor,  Nahant,  Thatcher's  Island  (off  Cape  Ann),  the 
isles  of  Shoals,  Boone  island,  OLD-ORCHARD  BEACH,  Cape 
Elizabeth,  Portland  Harbor,  etc.,  making  one  of  the  FINEST 
OCEAN  TRIPS  on  the  Eastern  Coast.      , 

FAEE  BETWEEN  BOSTON   &  FOETLANB,  $1.00. 

Returning,  leave  PORTLAND  at  7  P.M.  (Sundays  excepted). 

THROUGH    TICKF.TS  to  all   the  varlons  resorts  in 
NOK7  HKRN  NEW  ENGLAND 

Including  the  trip  betwocn  lioston  and  Portland,  via  Steamer,  can  be  obtained  In 
Kow  York,  via  the  Fall-Blver,  Stonlngton,  and  Norwich  Lines,  and  at  the  ofUces 
of  "  Cook's  Tours." 

SUNDAY  TRiPS,  ""I^i^lvllil  AT  8  P.  M. 

J.  B.  COYLE,  Manager.  J.  F.  LISCOMB,  Qen'l  Agent. 

General  Officen,  Portland,  Main«, 


\ 


IW 


tu:'  i- 


.  !. 


AD  VERTISEMENTa. 


*  GAMP0BELLe,  * 


».*j 


One  of  the  most  popular  summer-resorts  on  the  Eastern  coast,  lies  in 
Passamaquoddy  Bay,  70  miles  N.  E.  of  Mount  Desert,  and  2  miles  from 
Eastport. 

The  island  is  irregular  in  shape,  and  its  shores  abound  in  exquisite 
details  of  scenery.  There  are  beaches,  chasms,  coves,  and  deep  inlets. 
It  is  ten  miles  long,  and  from  two  to  tliree  miles  wide,  and  has  a  circum- 
ference of  thirty  miles.  To  the  southeast  lies  the  open  sea,  here  and  there 
broken  by  islands  and  reefs,  while  to  the  north  lie  the  placid  waters  of 
I'assamaquoddy  Bay,  thickly  sown  with  islands  of  great  and  varied 
beauty.  The  surface  of  the  island  is  broken,  and  the  hills,  many  uf 
them  very  abrupt,  are  covered  with  a  dense  growth  of  lirs  and  larclies, 
and  are  delightfully  picturesque  and  interesting.  The  giant  cliffs  that 
overhang  the  sea  for  many  miles  excel  in  height  and  grandeur  any  along 
the  coast  excepting  those  at  Grand  Menan,  eight  miles  distant. 

The  Hotels  are  exquisite  in  design  and  complete  in  appointments. 

The  Tyn-y-Coed  is  pleasantly  situated,  near  the  water's  edge, 
seventy-five  feet  above  the  sea.  It*  is  provided  with  all  the  comforts  of  a 
refined  home,  and  supplied  with  clear  spring  water;  and  generous  tire- 
placis  are  in  almost  every  room. 

Excursions  both  near  and  remote  are  too  numerous  to  mention.  The 
Bay  offers  superior  facilities  for  boating  and  sailing,  and  is  very  safe, 
being  free  from  sudden  squalls;  the  fishing  is  excellent;  and  sail-boats, 
row-boats,  and  canoes,  with  Indian  guides,  may  always  be  obtained. 
One  may  sail  up  the  St.  Croix  or  up  the  Dennv,  both  of  which  rivers  flow 
into  the  Passamaquoddy  opposite  Campobello.  The  charming  Bay  of 
St.  Andrews,  and  the  Indian  encampment  at  Pleasant  Point,  are  points 
of  interest.  By  steamer  one  may  go  to  St.  Stephci,  St.  Andrews,  St. 
John,  or  Grand  Menan  ;  various  lines  of  steamers  centre  at  Eastport, 
and  all  points  of  interest  in  this  wonderfully'  picturesque  neighborhood 
are  easily  accessible. 

At  Campobello  one  may  find  absolute  relief  from  hay  fever. 

Access  to  Campobello  maj'  be  had  by  the  fine  steamers  of  the  Inter- 
national Line,  which  leave  Commercial  Wharf,  Boston,  at  9  a.m.,  Mon- 
days, Wednesdays,  and  Fridays,  and  Portland  at  5.30  the  same  evening, 
arriving  at  Cam4)obello  the  next  morning  at  8  or  9  o'clock. 

By  12.30  train  via  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad  to  Portland,  one  can  take 
the  steamer  there.    Baggage  checked  through. 

By  rail,  go  via  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad  to  St.  Stephen;  thence  by 
steamer  or  carriage  28  miles  to  Eastport.  By  the  7  P.  M.  train  from 
Boston,  one  can  reach  Eastport  the  following  evening. 

Arrangements  may  be  made  so  that  the  7  P.  m.  train  will  run  through 
to  St.  Andrews,  witKout  change,  connecting  with  Campobello  boat. 

From  Bar  Harbor,  take  steamer  to  Machias,  where  carriages  will  be 
found  to  drive  to  Lubec;  thence  by  ferry  (10  minutes)  to  Campobello. 

Applications  for  rooms,  for  the  season  of  1888  (beginning  July  1),  may 
be  made  to  T.  A.  BARKER,  whose  headquarters  are  at  the  office  of 

ALEX  S.  PORTER, 

27  State  St.,  Boston,  Mass.  ^«»'  -^«»-  Cnmpobelto  Island  Co. 


0  # 


ilastern  coast,  lies  in 
sit,  and  2  miles  from 

abound  in  exquisite 
ves,  and  deep  inlets. 
ie,  and  has  a  circum- 
>n  sea,  here  and  tiiere 
the  placid  waters  of 

of  great  and  varied 
,d  the  hills,  many  of 
h  of  tirs  and  larches, 

The  giant  cliffs  that 
id  grandeur  any  along 
(liles  distant. 

in  appointments, 
ar  the  water's  edge, 
th  all  the  comforts  of  a 
er;  and  generous  tire- 

rous  to  mention.    The 
iling,  and  is  very  safe, 
pellent ;  and  sail-boats, 
kr  always  be  obtained. 
th  of  which  rivers  flow 
"he  charming  Bay  of 
asant  Point,  are  ponits 
)he.i,  St.  Andrews,  St. 
ers  centre  at  Eastport, 
jturesque  neighborhood 

n  Jiay  fever. 

steamers  of  the  Inter- 
loston,  at9  A.M.,Mon- 

5.30  the  same  evening, 
9  o'clock. 

Portland,  one  can  take 

St.  Stephen;  thence  by 
the  7  P.  M.  train  from 

'"^trSn  will  run  through 
n  Campobello  boat, 
where  carriages  will  M 
inutes)  to  Campobello. 
(beginning  July  1),  may 

■^  are  at  the  office  of 


I.  Cnmpobello  Tsland  Co. 


""I 


AD  VElt  TISEMENTS. 


Parker  House, 

Corner  of  School  and  Tremoni  Streets, 

it  •  - 

BOSTON,  MASS. 

Conducted  on  the  European  Plan, 


AND 


■  ■.,  -i 


CENTRALLY   LOCATED. 


"        ACCOMMODATIONS  FOR  FAMILIES. 

Parlors  and  Bedrooms,  en  suite  or  single.     Rates  for 
Rooms,  $1  to  $3  per  day  for  Single  Rooms. 


ROOMS  WITH   AND  WITHOUT   BATH. 


SrECIAL  ATTENTION   IS  GIVEN  TO 


PRIVATE  DINNERS.  WEDDING  RECEPTIONS.  AND  CLUB  DINNERS. 


OUISINE      UNSURPASSED. 


BECKMAN  &  PUNCHARD,  Proprietors. 


^ 


A  S 


If 


rv  ^i! 


^Z)  VERTiaSMENTa. 


THE    GREAT    PLEASURE    ROUTE 


TO 


MOUNT   DESERT, 
PENOBSCOT   BIVER    AND  BAT, 


AND    THE 


fc     ,V    V,H*     i-^W-* 


Summer  Resorts  of  Picturesque  Maine. 


Tourists  can  enjoy  the  grand  and  romantic  beauties  of  the  coast  of  Maine 
by  a  passage  on  either  of  the  Palace  Steamers  of  the 

BOSTON  AND  BANGOR  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

The  Grand  and  Magnificent  Steamer  -/^^  ^  ■  .4  •— ' 

PENOBSCOT  ,   .   .   .   Capt>  Otis  Ineraham. 

The  Large  and  Elegant  Steamer 

LEWISTON     ....    Capt.  Mark  L.  Inffraham. 
The  Commodious  and  Fast  Steamer 

KATAHDIN    ....    Capt.  Marcus  Pierce. 
The  Spacions  and  Rapid  Steanier 

MOUNT  DESERT .    .    Capt.  Wm.  C.  Sawtelle. 
(Fi^stest  steamer  in  New  England.)      ,  ,„    .....f   , 

The  Reliable  and  Swift  Steamer 

ROCKLAND    ....    Capt.  David  Robinson. 


Steamers  leave   Foster's  Wharf,   Boston, 

at  5  o'clock,  P.M.,  daily  (Sundays  excepted),  from  June  15  to  October  1, 

For  Rockland,  Soutli-West  Harbor,  and  Bar  Harbor  (Mount  Desert), 
Camden,  Belfast,  and  BaVigror,  and  all  Pleasure  Resorts  on 
the  Penobscot  River  and  Bay,  arriving  at  Bar  Harbor 
at  11  A.M.,  and  Bangror  at  IS!  M. 

About  100  State  Rooms  on  each  Steamer;  Electric  Bell  \i\  ei  oh  room; 
capacious  Dining  Halls ;  courteous  and  polite  uniformed  officials  ;  caruful  and 
experienced  navigators. 

Ticl<ets  over  this  route  can  be  purchased  at  any  ticket  office.  Baggage 
checked  through. 

WILLIAM   H.  HILL,  General  Manager. 

CALVIN   AUSTIN,  Agent,  Boston. 


}  of  the  coast  of  Maine 


id  Boblnson. 


AD  VER  TI SEME  NTS. 


THE 


kk 


AMERICAN" 


BOSTON 


STRICTLY    FIRST-CLASS 
Business  House. 

Centrally  and  conveniently  located  for  Tourists. 
TABLE    EQUAL    TO    ANY. 


Booms  with  MealSi    $3  QQ  pei*  DAY  iui<l  upwards )   according  to  size 

'"*'  *'*'  [    aiui     locatiou    of 

Booms  only,  1.00    "       "        "  "        )    rooms. 

Henry  B.  Rice  &  Co.,  Hanover,  near  Washington  St. 

FAMII.IAR  SHORT  SAYINGS  OF  GBSAT  MEN.  By  8.  Arthub 
Bent,  A.  M.  Fifth  edition  $i.lKl. 
Indispensable  to  studenti,  writers,  and  libraries.  A  collection  of  sententious  sayings 
of  all  times,  such  as  are  constantly  referred  to.  but  are  not  to  be  found  in  other  booiis, 
with  a  sketch  of  each  spealcer  and  the  circumstances  attending  each  remark.  'I  he  work 
is  brought  down  to  the  latest  time,  quoting  80  new  authors,  with  over  300  new  sayings 
from  Agassiz,  Choate,  President  Cleveland,  Emerson,  Evarts,  Carlyle,  Gladbtone, 
Pamell,  et  als. 

FAMELIAB  ALIjUSIONS.  A  Handbook  of  Miscellaneous  Information.  By 
W.  A.  WuKKLEE  and  C.  G.  Wheelek.  $2.00. 
A  unique  and  precious  companion  to  the  "  Dictionary  of  Noted  Names  of  Fiction." 
It  includes  terse  and  piquant  descriptions  of  thousands  of  things  continually  met  with 
iu  reading  newspapers  or  books,  but  not  to  be  found  in  gazetteers  or  encycioptedias  and 
often  unfamiliar  even  to  well-informed  persons. 

THE  GOUB8E  OF  EMPIRE.    By  C.  O.  Wheeleb.    12mo.    $2.00. 

A  magnificent  treasury  of  history.  25  full-page  colored  maps,  showing  the  govern- 
ments of  Europe  and  Asia,  in  every  century  since  600  B.  C;  with  chronological  tabic, 
list  of  great  men,  and  25  pages  or  more  of  history  of  each  century,  with  copious  and 
vigorous  quotations  from  Guizot,  Macauiav,  Milman,  Lecky,  llallam,  Gibbon,  Llvy, 
Grote,  Buckle,  Carlyle. 

EVENTS  AND  EPOCHS  IN  REI.IGIOUS  HISTORY.    By  James  Frkk- 
MAN  Clakke.    illustrated.    $2.00.  „ 

Buddhist  Monks;  Christian  Monks;  Savon-irola.  Luther,  Loyola:  Mystics;  Fenelon, 
Swedenborg,  Emerson;  George  Fox;  Huguenots,  Albigenses;  John  Wesley;  Moravians 
and  Methodists. 

EOGE-TOOLS  OF  SPEECH.    By  Matfrin  M.  Bali.oit.    $3  50. 

An  almost  inexhaustible  mine  of  the  choicest  thoughts  of  the  host  writers  of  all  ages 
and  countries,  from  Confucius  down  to  Garfield  and  Gladstone,  — a  po<-poMrri  of  all  the 
spiciest  ingrcdifnts  of  literature.  There  is  a  vacancy  on  every  students  desk  and  in 
every  library  which  it  alone  can  fill,  and  soon  will  fill.  The  book  deserves  its  popularity. 
—  The  Northwestern, 

Thete  boots  are/or  sale  by  all  booksellers.    Sent,  post-paid,  on  receipt  of  price,  by  the 

publisher,  TICKNOR    AND    COWIPANY,  Boston. 


I, 


i 


f-  ■( 


AD  VERTISEMENTa. 


FRANCIS   MORANDI   &   SON, 


Manufacturers  of  and  Dealers  in 


H0TEI2    AND  RESTAaRANT  GoODS, 

FRENCH   RANGES, 

Whiteley's  Jacket  Kettles,  Steam  Tables,  etc. 

50   UNION   AND  37    FRIEND  STREETS,  BOSTON. 

AMERICAN    LITERATURE        ' 

AND  OTHER  PAPERS.  By  Edwin  Peboy  Whipple.  With  an  Introduc- 
tion by  John  Gbetjnlsaf  Whittiek,  to  wliom  the  volume  is  dedicated. 
121110.    Gilt  top.    81.50. 

This  new  volume  of  the  great  essay  ist's  work  contains  his  famous  Centennial 
articles  on  American  Literature ;  two  articles  on  Emerson;  a  brilliant  mono- 
graph on  Starr  King;  the  now  classic  review  of  Daniel  Webster's  Oratory;  all 
written  with  that  finished  elegance  of  style  and  affluence  of  incident  and  anec- 
dote for  which  Whipple  was  always  famed. 

RECOLLECTIONS    OF   EMINENT   MEN. 

By  Edwin  Peboy  Whipple.  With  portrait  of  Mr.  Whipple;  and  Db.  Bae- 
TOL'a  Memorial  Address.    $150;  in  half  calf,  $3.00.  j 

SOMNEa.  MOTLET.  Oeorgb  Eliot. 

Ohoatb.  Gborob  Ticknof,  Matthev.  Arnold. 

A0AS8IZ.  Barry  Cornwall.  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson. 

A  positively  fascinating  piece  of  reading.  —  Hartford  Courant. 

A  flashing  eloquence  of  style  and  a  delicate  discrimination  —  most  engag- 
ing and  ably  written  —  JV.  Y.  Telegram. 

No  English  critic  ever  surpassed  Mr.  Wliipple  in  the  precision  of  liis 
Judgments,  the  entire  calmness  of  his  reasoning,  the  perfection  of  his  pictures, 
and  the  luminous  clearness  of  his  style.  His  essays  are  not  an  introduction  to 
literature  but  the  very  essence  of  literature  itself.  —  The  Beacon  (ISoston). 

These  boohs  are  for  sale  by  all  boolcsellers.  Sent,  post-paid,  on  receipt  of 
the  price,  by  the  publishers, 

TICKNOR    AND    COMPANY,    Boston 


&  SON, 

md  Dealers  in 


IT  Goods, 


Tables,  etc. 

BOSTON. 


URE 

H;e.  With  an  Introdnc- 
|he  volume  is  dedicatea. 

i8  his  famous  Centennial 
frson;  a  brilliant  moiio- 
\  Webster's  Oratory;  all 
[ce  of  incident  and  aaec- 

lENT    MEN.   I 

hippie;  and  Dk.  Bab-  i 

Geoegb  Eliot. 
Matthev  Arnold. 
Ralph  Waldo  Emersos. 

A-d  Courant. 
■minatlon  — most  engag 

lin  the  precision  of  Ills 
lrfe<-tionofhispicuve8, 

|e  not  an  introduction  to 

he  Beacon  (Boston)- 

post-paid,  on  receipt  of 
[PANY,    Boston. 


"MORAL:  INSURE  IN  THE  TRAVELERS. 


i> 


Travelers' J 


!•  THC 


iiiniiiuiiiinniiiii 


Insurance 
Company. 


ORIGINAL 

ACCIDENT  COMPANY 


75^25=^ — » 


tt  AND  THC 

LARGEST  IN  THE  WORLD. 


RATES  AS  LOW  AS  CONSISTENT  WITH  SAFETY. 


A/so,  Best  of  Life  Companies^ 

nmnrNT  Dhi  incc   °^^y  ^^  p®^  y®^^  *°  profes- 

RUtlUCni     rULlOlLdy    sional  and  Business  men,  for 

,  ^       each  $1,000  with  $5  "Weekly  Indemnity. 

Not  forfeited  by  change  of  oecupation,  but  paid  pro  rata, 

ArrinrilT  TIPIfCTC     ^^  cents  per  day,    $4r.50  for  80 

AbblUtlll     lllrllLlOy    days;    for    Sale    at    all    Local 

Agencies  and  Lieadlng  Bailroad  Stations. 


BEST  LIFE  POLICY 


ALSO  THE 

in   the    Market.      Indefeasible, 
Non-Porfeitable,      "World-Wide. 


Paid  Policy-Holders  $13,000,000. 

Pays  ALL  CLAIMS  Without  Discount,  and  immedi- 
ately upon  receipt  of  satisfactory  proofs. 


Paid  Claims  on  over  ONE  IN  NINE  of  its  Pfdicy-Holders. 


Assets, 
Surplus, 


$9, 1  11 ,000. 
$2,129,000. 


JAMES  G.  BATTERSON,  Pros.  RODNEY  DENNIS,  Sec. 

JOHN  E.  MORRIS.  Asst  Sec. 


I' ft! 


t, 


I  -i 


mi 


'tl'l    A 


■i 


ffi! 


/  ! 


1 ->►.'. 


''1,1 


AD  VERTISEMENTS. 


KIMBALL'S 


V  *  **■  V 


SATIN  Straight  Cut  Cigarehes. 


People  of  refined  taste  who  desire  e:ijjeptionally 

fine  Cigarettes  should  use  only  our  Straight 

Cut,  put  up  in  satin  packets  and  boxes 

of  10s.   20s.   50s.  and   100s. 

WM.  S.  KIMBALL  &  CO. 


14   FIRST  rniZE   MEDALS, 


.*4 


DUE   NORTH. 
By  Maturin  !Vr.  Ballou,  author  of  "Due   South,"  "Due  West," 
"  Edge-tools  of  Speech,"  *■  Genius  in  Sunslilne  and  Shadow."    #1.50. 

"  Charming—  an  excellent  book."  —  B.  P.  SMllaber. 

"  An  ideal  writer  of  books  of  travel."  —  Boston  Globe. 

"  Captivates  the  attention  and  interest."—  Thp.  Watchman. 

•'  Of  the  finest  and  most  extensive  culture,  Mr.  Ballou  is  the  Ideal  traveller."— Boi- 
ton  Travell''r. 

Mr.  Ballou's  previous  travel-books  have  had  an  immense  popular  success,  now 
repeated  in  this  vivid  record  of  his  recent  travels  in  Russia  and  Scandinavia.  It  con- 
tains attractive  accounts  of  the  Danish,  Swedish,  and  Norwegian  capitals,  Copenhagen, 
Stockholm,  and  Cbristlanla:  chapters  devoted  to  Bergen  andTrondhjcm;  the  Loflo- 
dens  and  Maelstrom;  ihe  North  Cape  and  Midnight  Sun;  Lapland  and  Finland;  .St. 
Petersburg  and  Moscow  ;  The  Neva  and  Volga;  Nijni-Novgorod;  Warsaw  and 
Russian  Poland,  et«. 

SONS     AND    DAUGHTERS. 
By  the  author  of  "  The  Story  of  Margaret  Kent."    $1.50. 
"  It  certainly  is  the  cleverest,  most  brilliant  society  novel  which  I  have  read  for 
many  a  year.    Polly  is  incompnrable,"  says  Kobxcca  ILvkding  Davis. 

"  A  novel  of  wonderful  brilliancy,  power,  and  absorbing  Intorrst,  —  one  of  the  most 
important  literary  events  of  this  decade.  It  will  hold  f  pell-bound  the  reading  world," 
says  Lilian  Whiting.  ^      -.   ■■  - 

AGNES  SURRIAGE.  '''  "'"  '  '" ''  '  ''" 
By  Edwin  LAssKXTEn  Bynner.  $1.50. 
"  The  blue  waters  of  Massachusetts  Bay  sparkle  through  its  pages,  and  the  storm- 
winds  are  heard  whi.itling  across  Marblehead  Harbor  in  tlie  quaint  old  days  of  the  I?iir 
Colony.  Bynner  has  in  this  romance  begun  a  work  for  our  lovely  sea-coast  such  m 
Sir  Walter  i^cott  did  for  the  Islands  and  glens  of  Scotland,  covering  them  with  the  rich 
and  enduring  glamour  of  poetic  associations." 


For  sale  by  all  booksellers.    Sent,  post-paid;  on  receipt  of  the  price,  by  the  pub- 
lishers, 

TICKNOR    &    CO.,  Boston. 


AD  VERT1SEMEN2  3. 


!?h4  ideal  travcller."-fioj- 


600  handsomely  furnished  rooms  at  $1.00 
per  day  and  upwards.      European    Plan. 

First-class  Restaurant,  Dining  Rooms,  Cafe, 
and  Lunch  Counter,  a  la  carte,  at  moderate 
prices.  /'   -r^nf.    .-r.    <,,  ^,.  .,  ;    ,,:,.-,   r  ,,.  . 

Guests^  Baggage  to  and  from  Grand 
Central  Depot  free* 

Travellers  arriving  via   Grand   Central   Depot 

save  Canioge-hire  and  Baggage  Express  by  stop- 
ping at  the  Grand  Union. 

Travellers  can  live  well  at  the  Grand  Union 
for  less  money  than  at  any  other  first-class 
hotel  in   New  York.      .-  ,         - .; 

W.  D.  GARRISON,  Manager. 


'I 


I 


» 


li.  i 


I'iv 


AD  VERTISEMENTS. 


STOCKBRIDGE    HOUSE, 

STOCKBBIDaE,  BERKSHIRE 


CO., 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


BRILLIANT    NEW    NOVELS, 

JUST  PUBLISHED    BY 

TICKNOR    AND    COMPANY,    BOSTON, 

And  sentf  post-paid,  on  receipt  of  price. 


THE    CONFESSIONS   OF  CLAUD. 

By  Edgar  Fawcett.    Witli  portrait.    $1.50, 

"  Edgar  Fawcett  is  known  ns  a  novelist  who  believes  in  painting  the  life  of 
his  city  and  liia  time.  His  local  color  l»  always  good,  and  always  the  better 
that  he  blemis  with  it  the  elements  of  the  ideal,  — '  the  light  that  never  was  on 
sea  or  land.'  One  of  the  mojt  picturesque  and  exciting  novels  of  which  New 
Yorlt  has  been  the  scene."  —  New  Yorh  Tribune. 


TWO   GENTLEMEN    OF   BOSTON. 

'•  A  cross  between  Dickens  and  the  minor  key  of  '  The  Story  of  a  Country 
Town.'"  —  Press. 

"Profoundly  interesting.  There  is  a  wealth  of  material.,  and  the  plot  and 
situations  and  descriptions  mark  the  genius  of  the  author."  —/n^er- Ocean. 


FORCED    ACQUAINTANCES. 

A  Story  for  Girls.    By  Edith  Robinson.    $1.50. 

"  Bubbling  humor."  —  Cincinnati  Commercial  Qazette. 

"  Here  is  a  bright  story  that  has  an  uplifting  power.  It  widens  the  menial 
horizon  while  teaching  the  tenderest,  truest  lessons  of  right  living."  —  San 
Francisco  Post.  •.    .      - 


THE   STRIKE   IN   THE   B —   MILL. 

A  Novel  of  Labor.    $1.00.    In  paper  covers,  60  cents. 

"It  is  a  dramatic  story."— ^eio  York  Sun. 

"One  of  the  most  welcome  and  helpful  studies  which  our  indnstrial  revolu- 
tion has  yet  produced.    Very  readable  as  a  story."  —  Boston  Herald. 


ADVERTlSBMBSra. 


TICKNOR'S    PAPER    SERIES. 


Damen'a  Ohodt.    By  E.  Lassettbk  bTKNRK.  (21) 

Tbe  style  is  as  admirable  as  Howells  gives  us;  the  characters  arc  as  deftly  drawn 
as  Dickens's.  —  Rural  Home. 
A  Woman's  Reason.    By  W.  D.  Howklls.  (23) 

One  of  his  most  finished  productions.  —  Jndepettdeiit. 
Niffhta  with  Uncle  Remas.    By  Jobl  (.'handlkr  Hamris.  (23) 

"  Sitting  by  the  Are  In  his  cabin,  and  telling  stories  of  the  old  times  in  (ieorgia." 
MLInso.   By  Jobl  Chanplrb  Hakris.  (24) 

•'  Dramatic  effect  of  the  very  first  order." 
A  Tallahassee  Oirl.    By  Maubicr  Thompson.  (25) 

Faithful  and  exquisite  slietches.  —  Jfi /irauiM  Sevlinel. 
Beatrix  Randolph.    By  Juliak  Hawthobmr.  (26) 

Ihero  is  u  suegestion  of  depth  and  intensity  about  it  that  is  rare  In  modem  fiction. 
—  St.  Jamet'i  Oatette. 
A  Fearftd  Responsibility.    By  W.  D.  Howrlls.  (27) 

Felicity  of  motive;  exquisite  style.  —  iVew  Orleans  Tima. 
HomoseUe.   By  Mart  F.  Tibrman.  (28) 

"  Virginia  plantation-life  under  the  old  regime.   The  style  is  pure  and  elegant " 
A  Bf oonllffht  Boy.    By  E.  W.  Hows.  (29) 

So  sunny,  so  genial,  so  mirth-provoking,  and  so  tender  that  one  reads  with  mingled 
tears  and  r^nllvs.  —  Critic. 
AdTentures  of  a  Widow.    By  Edoab  Fawcbtt.  (M) 

The  dialogue  sparkles  with  epigram  and  wit.  —  Borne  Journal. 
Indian  Sununer.    By  W.  D.  Howrlls.  (91) 

Tbe  city  to  which  Mr.  Howells  leads  is  not  the  revelling,  brilliant  Florence  of 
Ouida.  It  Is  the  Florence  of  Hawthorne,  —  quaint  and  dreamfkil.  —  Chicago  Tribune. 
The  I<ed-IIorse  Claim.   By  Mart  Hallock  Foots.  (32) 

Fully  equal  to  "  That  Lass  o'  Lowrle's."  —  American. 
Len  Ctaoisett.    By  Opie  P.  Read. 

The  character-painting  iu  "  Len  Gaiuett "  has  never  been  equalled  by 
Southern  writer.  —  Cincinnati  Graphic  New». 
Next  Door.    By  Clara  Locisb  Bcbnham. 

Beflreshlng  as  morning  rain  In  a  dry  season.  —  Nation. 
The  Minister'9  Charge.   By  W.  D.  Howrlls. 
Sons  and  Dauffhters.   By  the  author  of  "The  Story  of  Margaret  Kent.'*  (36) 

Exceptionally  true  and  fine.  —  Lor  IBB  Chandlbb  Mocltok. 
4Knes  Surrlaffe.   By  Edwik  Lasbrttrb  Btknrr.  (37) 

A  strange  bit  of  historical  romance.  The  primitive,  uncouth  timber  community  In 
tbe  little  bay  of  Marblehead,  on  the  rocky  shores  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  Is  splen- 
didly described  —  Literary  World  (London). 
Looking  Backward.    By  Edwaud  Bellamt.  (38) 

Tuat  astonishing  book,  '  Looking  Backward,"  bow  it  haunts  one,  like  a  grown-up 
"  Alice  in  Wonderland."  The  mind  follows  entranced.  —  Boston  Gazette. 
Two  Colleve  Girls.   By  Hrlbn  Dawrs  Browm.  (39) 

A  new  "Tom  Brown,"  for  the  girls. 
The  Rise  of  Silas  I.ap^  jm.   By  W.  D.  Howrlls.  (40) 

'  The  Rise  of  Silas  Lapham  '  Is  Hald  to  have  invited  more  discussion  during  tts 
publteatlon  than  any  serial  since  "  Daniel  Deronda."  —  Publishers*  Weekly. 


(33) 
any 

(34) 

(35) 


Price  per  volume,  50  cents.    Sent,  post-paid,  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

TICKNOR    AND    COiAPAN  ',    BOSTON. 


n 


'I'he  1 


i.'iiniiitiDk  1-- 


inMiiellctI  .ifU'r  tlu?  famous   Y. 


an  p 


(ii(U 


urope 

coin|)R'-'tn( 


books  of  Karl  l'..K..loker.  cnuil.itin^f  tlidr  simplicih 

antl  priKiiial  rliaia'tcr      It  statrs  tlu' <lii<taiic(s,  times,  ;ip(1  fan 


on 


the  railwav,  steamboat,  nii'l  sta^v  lines,  a 


ml 


jflVCS     lb 


)!    Ill 


liott'ls.  witli  their  situations  and  ptkts.  By  .such  aid  tlio  touri^ 
can  rcadilv  I'stiin.it.'  thv  cost  of  a  loiu"  in  the  rrovinct-s,  aiul  can 
pass  an  enjovahle  summer  of  travel    with   the  greatest   j'ossihU 


cecmomy  ot  mon?v,  tnnc,  an  !   lemjier 


I'hi 


s  volume  IS,   lievoni 


oniparison,  lite  l'uile>t  ami  most  complete  guiile-hook,  ofthiscoun 
trv    vet  ii''<i;lnceil.  and  is  i'plispens.aMe  to  one  who  wishes  to  nwike 


a  pleasai 


It  anil  intelhijcent  tonr  ilirough  the  .Maritime  I'rovinjc 


'•  I'.y  i<s  iiitriii'-if  v.ilui 
i-  likcty  til  taki'  tin'  |ilnri'  > 
\\v  l<ii<)>v  uf."  --  Qui  III  I'  ('In 

"In  L:r;i|ilii  •  :iiici  iiici 'iri>-i|iii' ili>-rii!ili"n,  ill  fotnplftfUi.'ss  ami   fiiliii': 
of  inr>nn;iii'>ii.  run!  in  <  lf:ir  iii«-iu'Iit  iiitoa  I r;i vcllor's  iicoils  and  periilcxint 


../,. 


tills  <;iiMi!-1h>ii1<  is  not  In  1 


If  <'\Cl' 


llt'd. 


Ilos((in  Jdurnol. 


Revised  .Annually.    Price  1.50. 

*,*   For  sn!i:  Inj  nH  liiiok^fHrrs.  m-  Kaif.  /Kist-jxiid,  on  7'i'rript  of  price. 

bil  the   /'Hblishcrs, 

TICKNOR    AND    COMPANY,    Boston. 


THE  MARITIME  PROVINCES. 

A  <iiii<i<' t<»  Ihe  Cliit-r  4'ilifi..  Citti-t-.  :in(l  Ulinid^  of  the  'Maiit  iinr 
l'i-<i\  inrr'«  oi'  CiiMiMlii,  iiMil  lo  t  lifir  »<■(•■  icry  aiul  liiolorir  all  nic- 
tioiiH;  with  III*' <iiilt  .111(1  itixn- ol  .<<l  l.:tv\  i-«-iii'4- to  <MirlM'«  Miid 
MiiMl  I'tal ;  aUo  New  l'iMin«lliin<l  and  t  Ik*  l.alMadni-  <'oaNt  ;  witli 
maps  aii<l  plaiiM  nf 

TiiK  MAi.'iriMi:   i'i!o\  iN(i:«,  Tin;  i..\nm)  or  i.>AN<ii;i.iM..  iimiiax, 

NKWroiNlU,  \N|»,    .M(»N  1  KK  Al  ,    C^   KHI.C,    ST.    .lOlIN,     IIIK 
ST      I.AWUKM  I.    AND    »,\e.Ui:NAV    KIVI.U.S. 

This   liandhook  contains   t'nil  descriptions  of  the  natural  and 
artificial  attraction."?  oi  the  Ististern    Pirili,*li    Trovinccs,  thi'ir  cities 
and  rural  distriet.x,  the  tranijnil  beauty  of  the  St.  iFohn   IJiver  and 
the   .Annapolis   \'alley,  tlie   nohle    scenery  of  thf   H.-isin  of   .Minas 
and  the  Ura.s  d'Or,  the  majesty  ol    (he  sea  reptllinj,'  moimlains  oi 
Newfoundland  and  Labrador,  tlie  {,'randeur  of  tin-  Lower  St.  Law 
rence.    and    the    ;.:loomy     weiidness    of    the    Siijjiienay.       It    als'i 
descril)e8   St.  .fohn,   "the    Liverpool    of   Caimda,"    il.difav,  ••(lie 
(J.itewav  of  the  Sea,"  St.  -Fiduis,  '■  The  (  apital  of  Kishand  Fo):    j 
Laiiil,""<^K'l)ec,  "the  Walled    City  of  the  North,"  Montreal,  "the 
Queen  of  the  St.  Lawrenci,"  and  all   the  other  cities  and  villajies 
of  these  Trovinces ;  tind  dev(»ies  cimsiderahle  space  to  the  tishinij 
and    huntiii.:  <irounds    anionic   the    NovaScoti.a    Lakes,  the    New 
IJrun.^wick  .uid  (.Quebec  rivers,  and   in   tlu'  interior  e*   Newfouiui     ! 
land.     There  are    uKiny  tjuotations,  illnstrtiiinir   various  points  oi    I 
inteiest,  from    Luiii^rellow.   Thoreau.  llowells,  Warner,  .ind  other    i 
modern    authors,   and    from    ('harlev  oi.\,    Li'si  .arliot,    .and    other    ; 
ancients;  and  crnupact  but  thorough  historic  sktt'.hes  ot"  iIm'   my-    i 
tliolojry  of  the  Nova  Scf)iia   Indians,  the  discovery  an  i  ,>ettleiii('iit 
of  the' IVirvin  .f>s,  the  -lesiiit   missions    ami   martyrdi'ins,  the  wars 
between   the  New  ICn^landers  and   the  Frciieh,  and  the  sieves  of 
Port  I'oval,  Loui>biiru-,  -AUtl  (^iiebce 


curii'  iisius'i  ot'  jiil'iinnatioe.  ;uid  inip.u-tialiiy.  it 
tlii'i  (.'uidt'S  or  liaintbooks  ot  ''iiiiiida  wiiirli 


CES. 

Ili«-   ■MarlllnH- 

ii,(oriv   uM  un- 
to niii'»»i  r  i«ii<l 

,1   <  oas^l  ;  will) 

I  IM  ,   IIVI  U  AX, 

iis. 

ilic  natural  :inil 
ici's,  thi'ir  fill*'"' 
,Iol>n   UiviT  iin.l 
\VA>\n  of   Miliar 
1,^  inounlain!«  n\ 
Lower  >t.  1-aw 
lUMUlV.       It    ills- 
"    Iliilifav.   -llio 
'of   l-ish  aiul  Foe 
'•  Montn-al,  "  tln' 
•ities  and  vi^:li:o^ 
,aci-  to  till'  fi-liii>t: 
Liik.'s.  tho   New 
ru.r  <•♦'  Newfound 

v;irion'*  points  ot    i 

Viirner,  aiul  otlu-r    i 

ivrhot,    anil    otl.vr    ; 

,.t,lusof  tl,"  niy     ' 

rv  iuv\  sHtlt'incnt 

vr.l.)ins,  llio  ^^•ars_ 

and  the  siege?  ot 

T.nropean  {juide- 
ieitv,  coini)a''tn»'>^, 
^,  t'imes.  uptl  tare- 

Irivcs  list',  ol   lln'    I 
,.h  aid  tiro  touru!    ! 
'rovinces.  and  ran 
,   ureivtest   po^si'oU 
.olunic  is.   beyond 
-diook.ofthiseoun 
■  lio  wislu'S  to  nuilse 
ilinie  rroviir.;>^ 

,„„Us..tr,aniid.iNviii.li 
,U.t.^i.,'SS  and  r.ilmsi^ 


NEW    ENGLAND 


0. 


Boston. 


Conservatory  of  Music, 

FRANKLIN   SQUARE,    BOSTON,    MASS. 


.^^¥ 


m 


m 


n 


r_^^  SWIKf^,  3  t"'t^«'ii  wfYj-  ^^^^"'  "lL4.'"it4*r 


i!lsPW^*9>' 


l^sui^ffiiiife^ 


Li  nf.f:sT  A\jt    i{i:sT  iiorivirKu   is  mr  ivoiiltk 

Ofirni  ///(;   ri>))if>ir>t(f  iiih'ii iitniU'f  «;/'  tin    fn  loirliif/  tlmriiii/hh/ 
<Y"'y'/"''  •''<'/"""'•"■' I  iminiiy:  — 
A   >«'h«iol  I'm   tlw  Piano.    A  Srliool  for  tl»«>  Or;»un, 
v  <«r1iooi    tor  tin*  I'oriaation  iiihI   <  ultivtitioii  of  Ihe  Voife,   Lyric  Art, 

nixl  Opcrn. 
\  S«'liool    for   th«'    Violin,  Oriiicstra,  Qnart«»t,  and    Kiistinhh'    i'la.vin);< 

On'ln»«trai  ami  liaiid  liistriiiiifutM,  and  Art  of  roniiiiftioK- 
V  S(  liool  for  llariiiony,  C'4MPi>o><it ion,  Theory,  and  Orchrstration. 
\  Sciiool  for  (;hnrcl»  MnMit*,  Onitorio,  an«l  C'liorun  I'rartlre. 
^  S<  liool  for '^iK'Iit-sinKinK  iiiid  Vo«al  >Iiisi«'ii.  I*nl>n<- Sol.oois. 
\  ■<'rl\o«>I  for  I'lininK.  K<>KolatinK-  nnd  It<]iairinu;  I'ianos  anil  Oruansi 
■A  I'oIlcKcof  >lu*M'. 

j  \  '■«<  liool  of  fji'n«  ral  Tdtcratnrc  and  Modern  Lantruajfes. 
i A  >«-Iiool  of  l':io<'ution  and  I>raniati«'  Action, 
!  \  sili,)ol  of  Tin*'  Arts,    A  Nrliool  of  IMiy^ifal  <  ultnre. 
'  V  Konit'  for  Its  l.ady  riiiuls. 

Iiisifn  iiori  is  (jiNcn  nv  tlio  aMcst  A^HTlcan  aii''  J'urcipean  iirtir^fn  and  ti'iichcr^,  <ius- 
'■I'i  privatrt  k'!<!<(.'ns. 

Miidiiits  In  any  nr.c  s.  Imol  h'lvc  tf!<  free  ailvaiuau'f's  of  all  tlic  sdiuoN,  mii-I\  a- 
,  ,|  '•'.  it-i  recital-,  si^lit-siiij^ing,  and  churii.'S  practice,  Icctiiri'.s,  rcadinK'*,  tic,  also  use  (f 
''';-'■.   jiiu-sii'd  l''>rary. 

riic  llinne  is  ^uKn-is.'d  )iy  tJu'  Diivcfo  .  I'rcccpfiv^s,  K.;^idftit  I'liy-ician,  and  Lady 
i.  .u-lUTs,  riu-  entire  nU'.'.diiiK  isheatej  i.y  stoam  and  lighted  hy  clectri'ity.  OjiiiortunitieK 
'  •  r-  (ilTfired  not  surpa^^Hrd    v  any  similar  institution  in  tho  world. 

Tuition:  Sri,  SIO.  $1.''>.  $'20,  and  ?'>ft  jkt  i.nn.  r."ard  and  Ri -oms  g.')  to  ?7.50  perweck. 
J  all  Trrnj  ln'^ins  Sept,  h. 

BtiiutitiiUy  Jlhu^tiatcd  Calendar,  Klving  full  infornution,  sent  'rce  on  application  to 


E.  TOURJEE,  Director. 


